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Articles de revues sur le sujet "Diplomatic and consular service, Greek"
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Matiash, Iryna. « Activities of the Consulate of Greece in Kyiv and the Extraordinary Diplomatic Mission of the Ukrainian People's Republic in Greece in 1917-1920 : a Role in the Establishment of Ukrainian-Greek Relations ». Mìžnarodnì zv’âzki Ukraïni : naukovì pošuki ì znahìdki, no 29 (10 novembre 2020) : 10–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/mzu2020.29.010.
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The purpose of the study is to clarify the main activities of the Greek Consulate in Kyiv in 1917 - 1918 and the UPR Extraordinary Diplomatic Mission in Greece in 1919 - 1920 through the prism of activity of Ukrainian and Greek diplomats (Pericles Hripari, Fedir Matushevskyi, Modest Levytskyi) and determining the peculiarities of the establishment of Ukrainian-Greek relations in 1917-1920. The research methodology is based on the principles of scientificity, historicism, and systematicity. General and special scientific methods are used, in particular archival heuristics, historiographical analysis, external and internal criticism of the sources. The scientific novelty of the results of the study is the reconstruction on the basis of the archival information, found by the author in published and unpublished sources, of activities of the Greek Consulate in Kyiv, the Ukrainian diplomatic mission in Athens and clarification of the participants in the Ukrainian-Greek relations in 1917 - 1920, functions and tasks of diplomatic and consular representatives. Conclusions. The mutual diplomatic and consular presence of Ukraine and Greece in 1917-1920 was due to different reasons. The Greek Consulate in Kyiv was established as a Greek consulate in the Russian Empire and continued to perform its functions primarily in the field of guardianship of Greek citizens after the proclamation of the Ukrainian People's Republic. Greek Consul Pericles Hripari acted as the doyen of the consular corps and managed to ensure active cooperation with the Ukrainian Foreign Ministry. At the time of the Central Council, it developed within the norms of international law. During the Hetmanate, at the insistence of the German administration, P. Hripari, as a representative and ally of Entente, was expelled from Kyiv. The Ukrainian diplomatic mission as an Extraordinary Diplomatic Mission was sent to Greece after the victory of the Directory and the restoration of the UPR in order to achieve recognition of its independence by as many states and spread information about the struggle of Ukrainians against the Bolsheviks for independent existence. The Mission was headed successively by F. Matushevskyi and M. Levytskyi. Greece's position on recognizing the independence of the UPR depended on the position of the Entente states. Despite the lack of official recognition of the mission, information about Ukraine, its people and its struggle for independence was communicated to Greek society and government agencies through a special memorandum, local newspapers and a thematic bulletin
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Domaniczky, Endre. « Possible Ways for Development of the Consular Service in the South Pacific ». Acta Universitatis Sapientiae Legal Studies 9, no 1 (2 décembre 2020) : 25–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.47745/ausleg.2020.9.1.02.
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The author presents the specifi c elements of diplomatic and consular work in the South Pacifi c region from the perspective of a career diplomat. He shows the main geographical and political characteristics of Australia which infl uence consular activity and also the characteristics of the benefi ciaries of consular services who need to be served by the consular infrastructure. The study presents several models for undertaking Hungarian consular work and for organizing the Hungarian consular network in Australia. The author also outlines current inconsistencies in the regulations applicable to consular activity in Australia under domestic, international, and Hungarian norms as well as functional issues and the possible ways to correct them. In his conclusions, the author formulates proposals for the redesign of consular organization in Australia.
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Klynina, Tetiana. « Rogers Act 1924 : establishment of a professional USA Foreign Service ». American History & ; Politics Scientific edition, no 10 (2020) : 35–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.17721/2521-1706.2020.10.3.
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The article is devoted to the analysis of the formation of the legal framework that made possible the existence and functioning of the US foreign service. The purpose of the article is to clarify the preface and the course of formation of the professional foreign service of the United States, which was reflected in the adoption of the Rogers Act. The methodological basis of the study. The study was based on the principle of historicism, which contributed to the consideration of the phenomenon under study in its development and made it possible to identify periods in the formation of a professional diplomatic service. The use of the problem-chronological method contributed to the preservation of the historical heredity and integrity of the picture; the application of the comparative method made it possible to identify significant changes that occurred after the adoption of Rogers’ Law, which was considered through the use of the method of analysis. A historiographical description of the main scientific works devoted to the research topic is given. Analyzed works A. Evans, T. Lay, I. Stewart etc., which became the basis for the study. The scientific novelty lies in the systematization of ideas about qualitative and quantitative changes in the diplomatic service after the adoption of the relevant law. The author concludes that before the adoption of the Rogers Act there was no control over the selection of diplomatic and consular staff and the negative consequences of such a decision were especially evident during the First World War. Therefore, the historical conditions in which America found itself at that time became a challenge for the continued existence of the consular and diplomatic services, and therefore the issue of restructuring and modernization of these services in the United States and its transfer to another, qualitatively new level. In general, the author emphasizes the change in the status of foreign service, which was introduced by relevant legislation, namely the Rogers Act, the need for which was caused by certain historical conditions of the American state and its place on the world stage. Prior to the enactment of the Diplomatic Service Act, there was virtually no control over the selection of diplomatic and consular personnel representing the United States on the world stage. After the First World War, it became clear that the diplomatic service needed to be restructured. That is why Rogers’ law was passed, which, in fact, was the first legislative attempt to resolve this issue.
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Collet, Steven. « Modernizing the Dutch Diplomatic Service : A Work in Progress ». Hague Journal of Diplomacy 10, no 4 (23 octobre 2015) : 440–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/1871191x-12341324.
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A small country with a big international footprint, the Netherlands depends on the world around it for its future security, prosperity and well-being. Its wide diplomatic network is managed by the Dutch Ministry of Foreign Affairs, which is responsible for policy in the areas of foreign relations and trade, European cooperation, development cooperation and consular services provided to Dutch nationals abroad. Responsibility for foreign trade was added to the ministry’s core tasks when the present Dutch government was formed in 2012. This article looks at the Ministry of Foreign Affairs’ major programme of reforms and spending cuts—‘Modernizing the Diplomatic Service’—which was started three years ago to ensure that the diplomatic service remains well placed to fulfil its roles. The article discusses the rationale behind the programme, the approach taken, and discusses the reforms that have been introduced and the lessons learned. Finally, the article considers elements for future reform.
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Csatlós, Erzsébet. « Consular cooperation in third states : Some aspects concerning europanisation of foreign service for EU citizens ». Bratislava Law Review 1, no 1 (1 octobre 2017) : 71–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.46282/blr.2017.1.1.57.
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The EU does not aim to harmonize the public administration of Member States, although, in recent years, there have been several examples which prove that EU legislation in whatever policy inevitably and unavoidably results in some standardization. In 2015 the EU replaced its former decision with a directive to enhance Member States to co-ordinate consular assistance in third States. Every EU citizen has the right to enjoy, in the territory of a third State in which the Member State of which they are nationals is not represented, the protection of the diplomatic and consular authorities of any Member State on the same conditions as the nationals of that State. This provision of Article 23 of TFEU not solely requires the cooperation of administrative authorities of foreign service but implicitly means a kind of harmonization of substantive law, leads to organizational changes and affects administrative procedural rules of Member States.
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Matiash, I. « Ukrainian diplomatic archive as a source for the research of a consular service history ». Rukopisna ta knižkova spadŝina Ukraïni, no 20 (30 novembre 2016) : 252–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/rksu.20.252.
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Boiechko, Vasyl. « From Scientific Work to Practical Diplomacy ». Diplomatic Ukraine, no XIX (2018) : 169–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.37837/2707-7683-2018-8.
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Ukrainian-Romanian relations have in fact become the main subject of my professional life. I started as a historian during the Soviet Union times and later as a diplomat of Independent Ukraine from December of 1992. For almost 14 years out of 24 of my diplomatic service I worked first as political adviser at the Embassy of Ukraine in Romania (1994–1999), and then twice as Consul General of Ukraine in Romanian city of Suceava in 2001-2005 and in 2010–2014. I had the honour to open the Ukrainian consular office in Romania in 2001, which was unfortunately closed in 2014! It was a combination of pleasant moments with sad feelings. Due to a certain aggravation of relations between Ukraine and Romania in the middle of 1994, in particular the Transnistrian crisis, I was urgently appointed as a Counsellor at our Embassy in Bucharest. Thus, after a year and a half of joining the staff of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, in July 1994 I left for a long-term diplomatic appointment to Romania. After the end of this assignment in November 1999, I was appointed as a deputy Head of the Secretariat of the new Minister for Foreign Affairs Borys I. Tarasiuk. In December 2001 I was appointed as the first Consul General of Ukraine in Suceava city. At that time, the Ukrainian-Romanian political relations were rather complicated. Occasionally, the Romanian side officially accused Ukraine of “non-fulfilment” of the basic bi-lateral political agreement, especially with regard to ensuring the cultural and educational rights of the Romanian minority in Ukraine, although the real situation was completely different. The first Consulate General of Ukraine in Romania which I had the honour to open, performed all the functions stipulated by our national Consular Statute. Our first concern was the provision of necessary support to citizens of Ukraine who visited Romania or lived in this country. My first Consular mission to Romania ended in 2005 and from September 2010 to November of 2014 I again represented Ukraine in Suceava. However, this time my working mood was not so uplifted. Then I remembered an advice of B. I. Tarasiuk, then already the deputy at our Verkhovna Rada, who said to me, “You have to serve Ukraine”. The distinctive thing about consular work is that its main aim is to protect the rights of Ukrainian citizens living or temporarily staying in the territory of a country of one’s appointment. Therefore, I paid special attention to this working direction. After returning from Romania, I worked for some time again as the Ambassador at large and reaching the retirement age in January 2016 I discontinued my diplomatic service by my own will, as I believed that young Ukrainian diplomats should have “space” for their career and professional growth. Keywords: Embassy of Ukraine in Romania, Consulate General of Ukraine in the Romanian city of Suceava, reminiscences, biography, diplomatic service of Ukraine.
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WRIGHT, O. J. « BRITISH REPRESENTATIVES AND THE SURVEILLANCE OF ITALIAN AFFAIRS, 1860–70* ». Historical Journal 51, no 3 (septembre 2008) : 669–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0018246x08006961.
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ABSTRACTDuring the nineteenth century the British consular service was often dismissed as an organization with purely commercial responsibilities. A succession of governments and diplomats insisted upon this notion, despite the fact that at certain times both relied very much on consular officials for information on foreign affairs. This dependence was especially evident in Italy during the decade after 1860, when British leaders had lent their moral and diplomatic support to the creation of the modern Italian state against considerable international opposition. During this period their desire not to see the achievement undone led them to maintain a close watch on Italian affairs. The contribution made in this area by the consular service, and the manner in which it was reorganized in response to Italian unification, show how such a role could take priority over its other functions. Although this state of affairs was no doubt exceptional on account of the remarkable level of British interest in the Unification of Italy, it nonetheless provides a clear demonstration of how the organization could be used under certain circumstances. The extent to which British consuls were used to monitor affairs in post-unification Italy also encourages reflection upon the widespread view that British foreign policy rejected interventionism in favour of isolation from European affairs during the 1860s.
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Matiash, Iryna. « German Consulate in Kyiv (1924–1938) : Between Diplomacy and Politics ». Diplomatic Ukraine, no XXI (2020) : 45–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.37837/2707-7683-2020-2.
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The article covers the activities of the German mission in Kyiv as a cultural, political, and administrative centre of the Ukrainian SSR in 1924–38 in the status of a consulate and consulate-general. The data about the following heads of the consular institution is provided: Siegfried Hey, Werner Stephanie, Rudolf Sommer, Andor Hencke, and Georg-Wilhelm Grosskopf. The legal basis for the establishment of consular relations between the Ukrainian SSR and Germany was the Treaty on Application of the Treaty of Rapallo signed on 16 April 1922 between the RSFSR and Germany to the Allied Republics of the RSFSR. The consular district of the first German mission covered Kyiv, Chernihiv, Podillia, and Volyn governorates. The mission of the consulate was to inform the government about the internal situation in the Ukrainian SSR, promote trade relations and cultural cooperation, and protect the interests of German citizens. The head of the consulate immediately came under close surveillance of the ODPU (United State Political Department) of the Ukrainian SSR on suspicion of conducting intelligence activities as well as collecting information about the economy, industry, and agriculture in the territory of his consular district. Subsequently, the ODPU increasingly introduced its own agents to the staff of foreign missions as service personnel, and NKVD agents in civilian clothing set up surveillance on the consulate’s premises. They accompanied the consul, the consulate staff, and even some visitors on their way out of the premises. Thus, the secret service collected compromising materials that gave grounds for accusing German diplomats of anti-Soviet activities and espionage. The consul’s correspondence was also under control. When A. Hitler came to power in Germany, the information confrontation between the USSR and the Third Reich began, but official diplomatic and consular relations continued. In his reports, the consul in Kyiv recorded the horrors of the Holodomor, the growing process of party ‘purges’, secret executions and suicides, coupled, from January 1937, with daily reprisals against intellectuals and workers in his consular district. The consulate-general in Kyiv ceased its operation in 1938, the official reason being the streamlining of the number of consular offices of the Third Reich and the USSR. Keywords: German Consulate, Werner Stephanie, Rudolph Sommer, Andor Hencke.
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De la Serna Ramos, María. « El uniforme diplomático español : origen y evolución | The Spanish diplomatic uniform : origin and evolution ». REVISTA ESTUDIOS INSTITUCIONALES 5, no 8 (26 juillet 2018) : 171. http://dx.doi.org/10.5944/eeii.vol.5.n.8.2018.21943.
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Los uniformes han servido siempre para distinguir grupos de profesionales. La carrera diplomática española es uno de esos grupos que tienen en esta tipo de prenda una de sus señas de identidad. Son ya muy pocos los servicios diplomáticos –los de ciertas monarquías- que todavía disponen de uniforme. Su uso casi siempre se ha limitado, también en el caso de esos otros países, a las ocasiones de gala. Apenas ha evolucionado desde sus orígenes en el siglo XIX. Además los de todos esos países son similares, con una casaca de paño azul marino, y unos bordados dorados. Desde que en 1928 se unificaron en España las carreras diplomática y consular, el uniforme es único para estos profesionales. Los símbolos que les identifican y la tradición establecida al respecto fueron recogidos en el Reglamento Orgánico de la Carrera Diplomática, de 15 de julio de 1955. Teniendo en cuenta los cambios ocurridos desde sus orígenes se presenta una breve historia del origen y evolución del uniforme hasta el modelo actual.________________________________Uniforms have always served to distinguish groups of professionals. The Spanish Diplomatic Service counts itself among those groups that have in this garment one of their distinguishing feature. It is one of the last Services, most of them belonging to European monarchies, to have a uniform. Its use has nearly always been restricted to gala occasions. The garment has scarcely changed since its origins in the nineteenth century. Since 1928, the year when the unification of the Spanish Diplomatic and Consular Services occurred, there is only one model of uniform. Its identification symbols and the tradition laid down in this matter, where included in the Organic Regulations of the Diplomatic Service, dated July 15, 1955. Taking into account the changes that have affected this garment since then, a brief history of the origin and evolution of the uniform up to the current model is presented.
Thèses sur le sujet "Diplomatic and consular service, Greek"
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余忠傑 et Chung-kit Yu. « The establishment and development of the embassy system in late Qing dynasty ». Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2009. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B42925708.
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Yu, Chung-kit. « The establishment and development of the embassy system in late Qing dynasty Qing mo zhu wai shi jie zhi du de she li he fa zhan / ». Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2009. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B42925708.
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Spies, Yolanda Kemp. « Meeting the challenge of developing world diplomacy in the 21st century : an assessment of perspectives on contemporary diplomatic training ». Pretoria : [s.n.], 2005. http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-08102006-134244/.
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Falcke, Jeannette. « Studien zum diplomatischen Geschenkwesen am brandenburgisch-preußischen Hof im 17. und 18. Jahrhundert / ». Berlin : Duncker & ; Humblot, 2006. http://www.loc.gov/catdir/toc/fy0701/2006402928.html.
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Ito, Hikoko. « The Japanese Consulate and the Japanese Cultural Centre ». Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 1996. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B25951610.
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Thesis (M. Arch.)--University of Hong Kong, 1996.Added title page title: Japanese cultural centre in Hong Kong. Includes special report study entitled: Semiotic meaning of Mezirushi in architecture. Includes bibliographical references.
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Seccia, Giovanni. « La missione cattolica in Sudan vista e vissuta da protagonisti ed osservatori tirolesi, 1858-1862 / ». Roma : Missionari comboniani, 2001. http://catalog.hathitrust.org/api/volumes/oclc/53109847.html.
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Maybarduk, Sharon M. « An exploration of factors associated with reentry adjustment of U.S. foreign service spouses : a project based upon an independent investigation / ». View online, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10090/5911.
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Tiba, Johannes Kgotso. « Partnership and outsourcing as tools for increased access to consular services : a case of South African High Commission in the United Kingdom / Johannes Kgotso Tiba ». Thesis, North-West University, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10394/9455.
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The provision of consular services is an obligation of every government to its citizens who are living abroad. In providing such services, efforts must be made to ensure that they are accessible to all citizens, wherever they may be. Under the current economic climate, maintaining an extensive network of embassies and consulates around the world is an expensive venture. It is against this background that governments must be innovative in providing services by ensuring that private and third sector organizations are involved, in order to complement their work of ensuring that consular services reach their citizens at affordable costs - wherever they are.
Besides rendering consular services to South African (SA) citizens, consular offices can be a vital investment vehicle of the government abroad, by ensuring that much-needed investment is obtained. Furthermore, the consular services can serve as the first line of defence of a country, by ensuring that people who can cause harm to the country do not enter it. Despite the daunting challenges facing the post-apartheid government in SA, a number of changes have been undertaken to ensure that consular services are modernized. However, those changes have been inadequate and have fallen short of meeting the expectations of most South African citizens who are living abroad.
This study makes a vital contribution on the concept of using partnership and outsourcing as tools for increased access to consular services in one of the critical missions of SA abroad - the United Kingdom, by showing that the traditional way of rendering consular services from a diplomatic mission is inadequate to reach potential customers scattered in parts of the host country. The study concludes with significant recommendations that, inter alia, include even using post offices and the internet to ensure that consular services reach all parts of the United Kingdom, where South Africans live. Given that consular services have inherent security implications, the study also notes that among factors that must be taken into account before outsourcing consular services, or even setting up a partnership, the chosen service providers must, amongst other things, be able to maintain and protect the confidentiality of their customers.Thesis (M. Development and Management)--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2013
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Kearns, Mary Pinckney. « Secession diplomacy a study of Thomas Butler King, commissioner of Georgia to Europe, 1861 / ». Click here to access thesis, 2006. http://www.georgiasouthern.edu/etd/archive/summer2006/mary%5Fp%5Fkearns/kearns%5Fmary%5Fp%5F200605%5Fma.pdf.
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Thesis (M.A.)--Georgia Southern University, 2006."A dissertation submitted to the Graduate Faculty of Georgia Southern University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree Master of Arts" ETD. Includes bibliographical references (p. 135-140) and appendices.
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Carmo, Gessica Fernanda do [UNESP]. « Os soldados de terno ? : ruptura, crise e reestruturação da diplomacia brasileira (1964-1969) ». Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/154035.
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Este trabalho aborda o papel do Ministério das Relações Exteriores (MRE-Itamaraty) após o golpe de Estado de março de 1964, especificamente durante as gestões Castelo Branco (1964- 1967) e Costa e Silva (1967-1969). Sustentamos que o órgão não é uma burocracia insulada, mas sim um órgão que pode, como qualquer outra instituição, assimilar interesses políticos e ideológicos dos governantes do momento e atuar em função destes. Argumentamos que isso vale também para seu comportamento nos anos de institucionalização do regime ditatorial no Brasil. Procuramos compreender como o Ministério se comportou analisando três processos principais: o expurgo realizado no órgão, a formulação da política externa do novo regime e o esforço de legitimação internacional do mesmo por meio da diplomacia. Para avaliar nossa hipótese, utilizamos a literatura especializada, os principais documentos oficiais do período e duas bases de dados exclusivas: a primeira, dos diplomatas brasileiros (1889 a 2010) e, a segunda, de eventos de política exterior (1930 a 1985). Com isso, a dissertação nos ajudará a compreender como o Itamaraty reagiu frente a mudanças do regime governamental e as consequências disso para a própria organização diplomática.
This dissertation examines the role of the Brazilian Ministry of Foreign Affairs (MREItamaraty) after the March 1964 coup d’État, specifically during the administrations of Castelo Branco (1964-1967) and Costa e Silva (1967-1969). We argue that the Ministry is not an insulated bureaucracy, but rather an organ that can, as any other government agency, assimilate the political and ideological interests of the ruling groups and act based on them. We argue that this holds true for its behavior during the institutionalization of the dictatorial regime in Brazil. We tried to understand how the MRE behaved through the analysis of three main processes: the purge carried out in the institution, the foreign policy formulation of the new regime, and its effort to gain international legitimacy through diplomacy. In order to evaluate our hypothesis, we used the specialized literature on the subject, the main official documents of the period, and two exclusive databases: the first, a database on Brazilian diplomats (from 1889 to 2010); the second, a database on foreign policy events (from 1930 to 1985). By doing so, this dissertation will help us understand how Itamaraty responded to regime changes and the consequences for the diplomatic organization itself.
Este trabajo aborda el papel del Ministerio de las Relaciones Exteriores (MRE-Itamaraty) con posterioridad al golpe de Estado de marzo de 1964, específicamente durante las gestiones Castelo Branco (1964-1967) y Costa e Silva (1967-1969). Sustentamos que el órgano no es una burocracia aislada, mas que puede, como cualquier otra institución, asimilar intereses políticos e ideológicos de los gobernantes del momento y actuar en función de este. Argumentamos que eso vale también para su comportamiento en los años de institucionalización del régimen dictatorial en Brasil. Procuramos comprender como el Ministerio se comportó analizando tres procesos principales: la expurgación realizada en el órgano, la formulación de la política externa del nuevo régimen y el esfuerzo de legitimación internacional do mismo por medio de la diplomacia. Para evaluar nuestra hipótesis, utilizamos la literatura especializada, los principales documentos oficiales del período y dos bases de datos exclusivas: la primera, de los diplomáticos brasileros (1889 a 2010) y, la segunda, de eventos de política exterior (1930 a 1985). Con eso, la disertación nos ayudará a comprender como Itamaraty reaccionó frente a las mudanzas del régimen gubernamental y las consecuencias de esto para la propia organización diplomática.
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Livres sur le sujet "Diplomatic and consular service, Greek"
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Rossi, Filippo Canali De. Le ambascerie dal mondo greco a Roma : In età repubblicana. Roma : Istituto italiano per la storia antica, 1997.
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Geōrgēs, Giōrgos. Stis aparches tēs Hellēnikēs exōterikēs politikēs. Athēna : Ekdoseis Kastaniōtē, 1995.
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Naskou-Perrakē, Paroula, et Kalliopē Chainoglou. Diplōmatiko kai proxeniko dikaio. Athēna : Ekdoseis Ant. N. Sakkoula, 2010.
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Mikrē, perēphanē patrida : Ho kosmos tōn Hellēnōn diplōmatikōn kai proxenikōn hypallēlōn sta Valkania kai tēn kath' hēmas Anatolē, 1830-1853. Thessalonikē : University Studio Press, 2012.
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Loules, Dēmētrēs. Hē hidrysē tou Hellēnikou Proxeneiou stē Servia, 1835-1875. Iōannina : Philosophikē Scholē Panepistēmiou Iōanninōn, 1986.
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Trașcă, Ottmar, Constantin I. Karadja et Stelian Obiziuc. Manual diplomatic și consular. Cluj-Napoca : Argonaut, 2013.
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Westphalen, Joseph von. Diplomatic pursuits. North Haven, CT : Catbird Press, 1995.
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Phānuvong, Khamvō̜n. Kotmāi kānthūt = : Diplomatic law. [Vientiane : s.n.], 2010.
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Okano-Heijmans, Maaike. Change in consular assistance and the emergence of consular diplomacy. The Hague : Netherlands Institute of International Relations "Clingendael,", 2010.
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Soto, Ana Lucía Nassar. Manual consular. 2e éd. San José : [s.n.], 1994.
Trouver le texte intégralChapitres de livres sur le sujet "Diplomatic and consular service, Greek"
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Petrunina, Olga Ye. « Greeks as perceived by Greek diplomats in the Russian service (using the examples of A. Mustoxidi and C. Basili) ». Dans A Stranger’s Gaze : Diplomats, Journalists, Scholars — Travellers between East and West from the Eighteenth Century to the Twenty-First, 101–11. Institute of Slavic Studies, Russian Academy of Sciences ; Nestor-Istoriia, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.31168/4469-1767-9.07.
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The paper deals with the problem of whether the national feelings of diplomats of foreign origin in the Russian diplomatic service in the nineteenth century influenced their performance of their duties. Two diplomats of Greek origin were selected as subjects of research: Angelo Mustoxidi (1786-1861) and Constantine Bazili (1809-1884), who served for many years as consuls in Macedonia and Syria, which were multi-ethnic areas of the Ottoman Empire, where the interests of the Greek population overlapped with the interests of other peoples. The study of their own impressions of the Greeks, the assessment of their work activities by contemporaries and later researchers suggest how their attitudes towards their compatriots influenced their activities. Striving to do their duty to defend the interests of Russia in their region, they could not overcome quite natural sympathies for their compatriots. This did not contradict the state interests of Russia in the 1830s, since at that time the national movements of the Sultan's other Christian subjects did not compete with the Greeks, and the consuls were supposed to patronize Christians regardless of their ethnicity. However, towards the middle of the century the situation began to change. As the nationalist movements of the Balkan Slavs and Middle Eastern Arabs were gaining strength and were increasingly attracting the attention of the Russian state and society, the national feelings of the Greek consuls began to conflict with the priorities of Russian foreign policy.
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« The ‘Pleasantest Post’ in the Service ? Contrasting British Diplomatic and Consular Experiences in Early Liberal Italy ». Dans Exiles, Emigrés and Intermediaries, 141–57. Brill | Rodopi, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/9789042030695_009.
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Kornicki, Peter. « HMS Pembroke V, Alias Station X, Alias Bletchley Park ». Dans Eavesdropping on the Emperor, 71–98. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780197602805.003.0004.
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Bletchley Park absorbed most of the graduates of the Bedford Japanese School but could never get enough Japanese linguists. Consequently, the Naval Section and the Air Section began running their own Japanese courses within Bletchley Park: after the elimination of Italy from the war, Italian linguists working at Bletchley Park were given crash courses in naval Japanese by John Lloyd, who had worked for the British consular service in Japan. It was at Bletchley Park that the dispatches of the Japanese ambassador in Berlin, General Ōshima Hiroshi, were deciphered and translated. Ōshima was a personal friend of Hitler and was extremely well informed on Hitler’s intentions and was unaware that his extensive dispatches to Tokyo were being intercepted and read in London, thanks to the breaking of the Japanese diplomatic cypher machine by American codebreakers.
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Zanou, Konstantina. « Diasporic Lives across Empires and Nations ». Dans Transnational Patriotism in the Mediterranean, 1800-1850, 83–93. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198788706.003.0007.
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Chapter 5 explores Ioannis Kapodistrias’s life (1776–1831) in conjunction with a set of other biographies, devoted to his friends and collaborators in the Ionian Islands and Russia during the first three decades of the nineteenth century. It explores Kapodistrias’s efforts to learn Greek and Hellenize himself in Russia, his connections to the Ottoman Phanariot environment of St Petersburg, and his meteoric rise in the diplomatic service of the Tsar. The chapter’s aim is to unravel a particular intellectual geography that was formed between Italy, the Ionian Islands, the Ottoman Danubian Principalities, and Russia, and to show the forms of nationalism and proto-liberalism that were fostered, and which creatively combined the empire and the nation. Small nations, for these Ionian proto-liberals, could exist only if protected by great empires.
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Batey, Mavis. « Breaking machines with a pencil ». Dans The Turing Guide. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198747826.003.0019.
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Dilly Knox, the renowned First World War codebreaker, was the first to investigate the workings of the Enigma machine after it came on the market in 1925, and he developed hand methods for breaking Enigma. What he called ‘serendipity’ was truly a mixture of careful observation and inspired guesswork. This chapter describes the importance of the pre-war introduction to Enigma that Turing received from Knox. Turing worked with Knox during the pre-war months, and when war was declared he joined Knox’s Enigma Research Section at Bletchley Park. Once a stately home, Bletchley Park had become the war station of the Secret Intelligence Service (SIS), of which the Government Code and Cypher School (GC&CS) was part. Its head, Admiral Sir Hugh Sinclair, was responsible for both espionage (Humint) and the new signals intelligence (Sigint), but the latter soon became his priority. Winston Churchill was the first minister to realize the intelligence potential of breaking the enemy’s codes, and in November 1914 he had set up ‘Room 40’ right beside his Admiralty premises. By Bletchley Park’s standards, Room 40 was a small-scale codebreaking unit focusing mainly on naval and diplomatic messages. When France and Germany also set up cryptographic bureaux they staffed them with servicemen, but Churchill insisted on recruiting scholars with minds of their own—the so-called ‘professor types’. It was an excellent decision. Under the influence of Sir Alfred Ewing, an expert in wireless telegraphy and professor of engineering at Cambridge University, Ewing’s own college, King’s, became a happy hunting ground for ‘professor types’ during both world wars—including Dillwyn (Dilly) Knox (Fig. 11.1) in the first and Alan Turing in the second. Until the time of Turing’s arrival, mostly classicists and linguists were recruited. Knox himself had an international reputation for unravelling charred fragments of Greek papyri. Shortly after Enigma first came on the market in 1925, offering security to banks and businesses for their telegrams and cables, the GC&CS obtained two of the new machines, and some time later Knox studied one of these closely.