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Articles de revues sur le sujet « Electron decay »

Auteur : Grafiati

Publié le 9 mars 2023

Mis à jour le 31 juillet 2025

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1

ZENG, X. H., P. X. ZHOU, B. GU, H. E. RUDA, and BI QIAO. "ELECTRON SPIN RELAXATION OF A@C60." International Journal of Modern Physics B 19, no. 15n17 (2005): 2910–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217979205031894.

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The electron spin decoherence in endohedral fullerene A@C 60 is studied at low temperature using master equation under the Markov approximation. At lower magnetic field the polarization decay occurs with form e-(t/T1)2 consitent with previous reports having decays of the order of ℏ/A, and the relationship [Formula: see text] is satisfied. For the case of A@C 60 (A = N,P ) endohedral fullerenes, the decay times on the order of tens of ns are calculated. For a strong external magnetic field, polarization strongly depends on the external magnetic field, the decay time is suppressed.

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2

TRIANTAPHYLLOU, GEORGE. "QED RADIATIVE CORRECTIONS TO THE DECAY π0→e+e−". Modern Physics Letters A 08, № 18 (1993): 1691–700. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217732393001434.

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In view of the recent interest in the decays of mesons into a pair of light leptons, a computation of the QED radiative corrections to the decay of π0 into an electron-positron pair is presented here. The analysis is based on the soft-photon resummation method, which, unlike first-order perturbation theory, allows for very strict invariant-mass cuts on the final electrons. When combined with the theoretical estimates for the non-radiatively corrected decay rate, the results of the present paper could help to determine if new physics affect this decay.

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3

Rao, N. Venkateswara, Bh Sankara Rao, S. Bhuloka Reddy, and S. Venkata Ratnam. "Electron capture decay of170Tm." Journal of Physics G: Nuclear Physics 12, no. 1 (1986): 45–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0305-4616/12/1/012.

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4

Siiskonen, T., and H. Toivonen. "Electron conversion decay of." Radiation Physics and Chemistry 69, no. 1 (2004): 23–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0969-806x(03)00438-9.

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5

Lowry, M. M., R. T. Kouzes, F. Loeser, A. B. McDonald, and R. A. Naumann. "Electron capture decay of81Krm." Physical Review C 35, no. 5 (1987): 1950–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/physrevc.35.1950.

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6

Mitrokhovich, M. F., V. T. Kupryashkin, and L. P. Sidorenko. "Correlation of the Auger electrons direction of movement with the internal electron conversion direction of movement." Nuclear Physics and Atomic Energy 14, no. 2 (2013): 129–34. https://doi.org/10.15407/jnpae2013.02.129.

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By registering coincidences of γ-quanta with electrons and with low (about zero) energy electrons, the spatial correlation of the direction of emitted Auger-electrons and electron of internal conversion was investigated in the 152Eu decay. Auger-electrons were registered by е0-electrons of the secondary electron emission (γеICе0-coincidences). It was established that Auger-electrons of M-series, as well as electrons "shake-off" at β-decay and internal conversion, are strongly correlated at the direction of movement with the direction of movement of basic particle (β-particle, conversion electr

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7

Sevestrean, Vasile-Alin, and Sabin Stoica. "Theoretical Advances in Beta and Double-Beta Decay." Symmetry 16, no. 4 (2024): 390. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/sym16040390.

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Weak interaction processes continue to be hot topics in fundamental physics research. In this paper, we briefly review some recent advances in the theoretical study of beta and double-beta decays that include both the nuclear and atomic part of these processes. On the nuclear side, we present a statistical approach for the computation of the nuclear matrix elements (NME) for neutrinoless double-beta (0νββ). A range of NME values, the most probable value for NME, and the associated theoretical uncertainty are given. Correlations with other related observables are shown as well. On the atomic si

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8

Yalandin, M. I., V. I. Solomonov, A. V. Spirina, et al. "SPECIFIC FEATURES OF PULSED CATHODOLUMINESCENCE UNDER EXCITATION BY NANOSECOND AND SUBNANOSECOND ELECTRON BEAMS." Доклады Российской академии наук. Физика, технические науки 508, no. 1 (2023): 19–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.31857/s2686740023010121.

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Pulsed cathodoluminescence of crystals and ceramics was excited by runaway electron beams with a duration of 10–12 ps and electron beams with a duration of 2 ns generated in a vacuum diode. The results of comparative studies of their pulsed cathodoluminescence parameters are presented. The luminescence spectrum and the decay kinetics of the bands are shown to coincide in both cases. When excited by a beam of runaway electrons, a lower luminescence intensity is observed. Also in some cases a delay in the appearance of luminescence relative to the onset of the electron beam action was found. The

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9

Chiu, Chih-Wei, Yue-Lin Chung, Cheng-Hsueh Yang, Chang-Ting Liu, and Chiun-Yan Lin. "Coulomb decay rates in monolayer doped graphene." RSC Advances 10, no. 4 (2020): 2337–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c9ra05953a.

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10

Mitrokhovich, N. F. ""Shake-off" electrons in the β-decay of 152,154Eu". Nuclear Physics and Atomic Energy 5, № 2 (2004): 52–60. https://doi.org/10.15407/jnpae2004.02.052.

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Based on measuring of double and triple coincidences between γ-quanta, conversion electrons (СЕ) and β-particles with electrons (including the eo-electrons of secondary electron emission - coincidence (γ, CE)-(e, eo) and coincidence γβео) the output of eo-electrons is measured for β-decays of 152,154Eu for different components of the β-spectrum. In the β-decay is established that β-particles and shake-off electrons (observed by eo-electrons), which are caused by them are correlated in the direction of emission, demonstrating predominantly emitting to the same half sphere.

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11

Чайников, А. П., А. Г. Кочур, А. И. Дуденко та В. А. Явна. "Влияние дополнительных монопольных выбросов электронов на зарядовые спектры конечных ионов при каскадном распаде электронных вакансий в атоме золота". Оптика и спектроскопия 131, № 4 (2023): 563. http://dx.doi.org/10.21883/os.2023.04.55563.4560-22.

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The probabilities of the formation of final ions produced by the cascade decays of vacancies in the K, L, M, N, and O shells of the gold atom are calculated. Simulation of the cascade decays of vacancies is performed by direct construction and analysis of decay trees using branching ratios and transition energies calculated in the Pauli–Fock approximation for multivacancy electron configurations arising in the course of the cascade decay. Accounting for additional monopole ejections of electrons (shake-off) accompanying the cascade transitions leads to a slight increase in the average charges

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12

Kotera, Masatoshi, Keiji Yamamoto, and Hiroshi Suga. "Applications of a direct simulation of electron scattering to quantitative electron-probe microanalysis." Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America 50, no. 2 (1992): 1670–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0424820100132984.

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A direct simulation of electron scatterings in solids is developed. The simulation takes into account elastic processes, and inelastic processes including inner-shell electron ionization, conduction electron ionization, bulk plasmon excitation, and bulk plasmon decay. After the ionization and the plasmon decay processes, the trajectories of hot electrons which are liberated from atomic electrons are calculated, and cascade multiplication of hot electrons is simulated in the solid. The theoretical equations used in the present simulation are in the following. For the elastic scattering of elect

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13

Daywitt, William C. "This The Neutron Meta-Particles and their Decay as Viewed in the Planck Vacuum Theory." European Journal of Engineering Research and Science 5, no. 8 (2020): 855–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.24018/ejers.2020.5.8.2052.

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The mean life of the free neutron is about fifteen minutes, after which it decays into a proton plus an electron and an electron-neutrino. According to the Planck vacuum (PV) theory, however, it is the neutron and ``antineutron" meta-particles (MP)s that decay, in roughly fifteen minutes, into the stable electron and proton cores. The electron and proton core spins remain constant during the transformations-so there is no need for the neutrino spin correction during the decay process, bringing into question the validity of the neutrino itself.

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14

Daywitt, William C. "Neutron Meta-Particles and their Decay as Viewed in the Planck Vacuum Theory." European Journal of Engineering and Technology Research 5, no. 8 (2020): 855–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.24018/ejeng.2020.5.8.2052.

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The mean life of the free neutron is about fifteen minutes, after which it decays into a proton plus an electron and an electron-neutrino. According to the Planck vacuum (PV) theory, however, it is the neutron and ``antineutron" meta-particles (MP)s that decay, in roughly fifteen minutes, into the stable electron and proton cores. The electron and proton core spins remain constant during the transformations-so there is no need for the neutrino spin correction during the decay process, bringing into question the validity of the neutrino itself.

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15

Mitrokhovich, M. F. "Correlation properties of the accompanied particle's motion relative to the motion of the main particle in processes of radioactive decay and internal conversion." Nuclear Physics and Atomic Energy 15, no. 2 (2014): 126–31. https://doi.org/10.15407/jnpae2014.02.126.

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Registering coincidences of γ-quanta with electrons and with low (close to zero) energy electrons, the spatial correlation of the direction of emitted accompanying eac particle (electron "shake-off", Auger electron) with the primary particle em (electron) at β-decay or internal conversion of transitions in 152Eu decay have been investigated. By measuring the double γeac and triple γeacem coincidences, the correlation ϒ = 4πdP/PdΩ between the accompanying particle and the main particle was measured when they were emitted into the same hemisphere (Ω = 0) or into the opposite hemispheres (Ω = 2π)

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16

García, A., Y.-D. Chan, M. T. F. da Cruz та ін. "Electron-capture decay ofTc100and the double-β decay ofMo100". Physical Review C 47, № 6 (1993): 2910–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/physrevc.47.2910.

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17

Dessagne, Ph, Ch Miehé, P. Baumann та ін. "Erratum:β+-electron-capture decay ofSe69". Physical Review C 41, № 3 (1990): 1319–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/physrevc.41.1319.2.

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18

Toth, K. S., D. C. Sousa, P. A. Wilmarth, J. M. Nitschke та K. S. Vierinen. "Electron capture andβ+decay ofTm147". Physical Review C 47, № 4 (1993): 1804–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/physrevc.47.1804.

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19

Igashov, S. Yu, and Yu M. Tchuvil’sky. "Alpha decay in electron surrounding." Physics of Atomic Nuclei 76, no. 12 (2013): 1452–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/s1063778813120090.

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20

Simpson, J. J., P. Jagam, and A. A. Pilt. "Electron capture decay rate ofV50." Physical Review C 31, no. 2 (1985): 575–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/physrevc.31.575.

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21

Dessagne, Ph, Ch Miehé, P. Baumann та ін. "β+–electron-capture decay ofSe69". Physical Review C 37, № 6 (1988): 2687–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/physrevc.37.2687.

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22

Browne, E., I. Ahmad, K. E. Gregorich, S. A. Kreek, D. M. Lee, and D. C. Hoffman. "Electron-capture decay of 231U." Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment 339, no. 1-2 (1994): 209–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0168-9002(94)91806-6.

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23

Németh, Zs, T. Sekine, and K. Yoshihara. "Electron capture decay of 203Pb." International Journal of Radiation Applications and Instrumentation. Part A. Applied Radiation and Isotopes 40, no. 6 (1989): 519–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0883-2889(89)90137-8.

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24

Rovere, E., A. Colaïtis, R. K. Follett, and A. Casner. "Hot electron scaling for two-plasmon decay in ICF plasmas." Physics of Plasmas 30, no. 4 (2023): 042104. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0128052.

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We present a parametric scaling of hot electron (HE) generation at quarter critical density from the two-plasmon decay process. The study is conducted with the laser plasma simulation environment code, considering Langmuir decay instabilities (LDI) and laser pump depletion in 2D. The parameter scan is conducted as a function of electron temperature, ion–electron temperature ratio, drive strength, and density scale length. The scaling shows an hot electron (HE) conversion fraction up to 40%, HE fluxes up to [Formula: see text] [Formula: see text], and average temperatures in the range of 30 to

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25

Krivoruchenko, M. I., K. S. Tyrin та F. F. Karpeshin. "Energy Spectrum of β Electrons in Neutrinoless Double-β Decay Including the Excitation of the Electron Shell of Atoms". JETP Letters 117, № 12 (2023): 884–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/s0021364023601409.

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Double-β decay is accompanied with a high probability by the excitation of the electron shell of the daughter atom; as a result, the energy carried away by β electrons decreases. The mean value and standard deviation of the excitation energy of the electron shell of the daughter atom in the double-β decay of germanium $$_{{32}}^{{76}}{\text{Ge}} \to \;_{{34}}^{{76}}{\text{Se}}\text{*} + \;2{{\beta }^{ - }}( + 2{{\bar {\nu }}_{e}})$$ have been determined within the Thomas–Fermi and relativistic Dirac–Hartree–Fock methods. Using the estimates thus obtained, a two-parameter model of the energy sp

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26

Mitrokhovich, M. F. "Energy and correlation properties of "shake-off" electrons in β-decay". Nuclear Physics and Atomic Energy 11, № 2 (2010): 125–35. https://doi.org/10.15407/jnpae2010.02.125.

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Measurements of energy spectrum of "shake-off" electrons in the decay of 152Eu and their correlations relatively to outgoing direction with a momentum of β-particle are conducted. The measurements are performed in the range of 150 - 2000 eV on the installation of coincidences of γ-quanta and β-particles with low energy electrons, including е0-electrons of the secondary electron emission (γβе0-coincidences). Registration of "shake-off" electrons was implemented on е0-electrons, created by them. Under the obtained data 70% of "shake-off" electrons in the measured part of the spectrum is arranged

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27

Wraback, M., H. Shen, C. J. Eiting, J. C. Carrano, and R. D. Dupuis. "Picosecond Photoinduced Reflectivity Studies of GaN Prepared by Lateral Epitaxial Overgrowth." MRS Internet Journal of Nitride Semiconductor Research 5, S1 (2000): 782–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/s109257830000507x.

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The pump-probe technique has been used to perform room temperature studies of the photoinduced changes in the reflectivity ΔR associated with exciton and carrier dynamics in GaN prepared by lateral epitaxial overgrowth. For resonant excitation of cold excitons, the ΔR decay possesses a 720 ps component attributed to the free exciton lifetime in this high quality material. For electrons with small excess energy (< 50 meV), the strong increase in the ΔR decay rate with decreasing excitation density suggests that screening of the Coulomb interaction may play an important role in the processes

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28

Guo, Z. J., H. B. Zhuo, H. L. Fan, et al. "Driven ion acoustic wave nonlinearities in superthermal electron plasmas." Physics of Plasmas 30, no. 2 (2023): 022114. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0130013.

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The fluid nonlinearities of driven ion acoustic waves (IAWs) in superthermal electron plasmas are investigated by fluid theory and one-dimensional fluid simulation. A kappa velocity distribution function is used to model superthermal electrons. Under the condition of small wave amplitudes, simulation results are presented to verify the conclusion of fluid theory, showing that the presence of superthermal electrons leads to stronger harmonic generation and larger nonlinear frequency shifts of IAWs. In addition, the growth rate and threshold of the IAW decay instability from simulations are well

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29

PÉREZ ROJAS, H., and E. RODRÍGUEZ QUERTS. "ON PHOTON PARAMAGNETISM AND VACUUM DECAY IN A MAGNETIC FIELD." International Journal of Modern Physics D 19, no. 08n10 (2010): 1711–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218271810017512.

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Previous results from the authors2 concerning the rising of a tiny photon anomalous paramagnetic moment μγ, that is due to its interaction with a magnetized virtual electron–positron background, are complemented and discussed. It is shown that in the region beyond the first threshold, where photons may decay into electron–positron pairs, for magnetic fields large enough, the vacuum becomes unstable and decays also into electron–positron pairs.

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30

Žlimen, I., E. Browne, Y. Chan, et al. "Second-forbidden electron-capture decay ofFe55." Physical Review C 46, no. 3 (1992): 1136–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/physrevc.46.1136.

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31

Trubert, D., M. Hussonnois, L. Brillard, et al. "Study of the168Hf electron capture decay." Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry 215, no. 2 (1997): 223–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02034468.

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32

Zito, Richard R., and David Schiferl. "Electron capture decay in Jovian planets." Icarus 72, no. 3 (1987): 647–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0019-1035(87)90059-5.

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33

Kündig, W., та E. Holzschuh. "Electron antineutrino mass from β-decay". Progress in Particle and Nuclear Physics 32 (січень 1994): 131–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0146-6410(94)90015-9.

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34

Bikit, I., M. Krmar, J. Slivka, I. Aničin, M. Veskovic, and Lj Čonkič. "Electron - positron conversion decay of 64Zn." Applied Radiation and Isotopes 46, no. 6-7 (1995): 455–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0969-8043(95)00051-8.

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35

Letaw, John R., J. H. Adams, Rein Silberberg, and C. H. Tsao. "Electron capture decay of cosmic rays." Astrophysics and Space Science 114, no. 2 (1985): 365–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00653983.

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36

Valentini, F., T. M. O’Neil, and D. H. E. Dubin. "Decay instability of electron acoustic waves." Communications in Nonlinear Science and Numerical Simulation 13, no. 1 (2008): 215–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cnsns.2007.04.012.

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37

Von Dincklage, R. D., H. J. Hay, and H. L. Ravn. "The electron capture decay of 158Tb." Nuclear Physics A 445, no. 1 (1985): 113–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0375-9474(85)90363-x.

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38

Habenicht, Bradley F., Svetlana V. Kilina, and Oleg V. Prezhdo. "Comparative analysis of electron-phonon relaxation in a semiconducting carbon nanotube and a PbSe quantum dot." Pure and Applied Chemistry 80, no. 7 (2008): 1433–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1351/pac200880071433.

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The key features of the phonon-induced relaxation of electronic excitations in the (7,0) zig-zag carbon nanotube (CNT) and the Pb16Se16 quantum dot (QD) are contrasted using a time-domain ab initio density functional theory (DFT) simulation. Upon excitation from the valence to the conduction band (CB), the electrons and holes nonradiatively decay to the band-edge in both materials. The paper compares the electronic structure, optical spectra, important phonon modes, and decay channels in the CNT and QD. The relaxation is faster in the CNT than in the QD. In the PbSe QD, the electronic energy d

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Ho, Phay J., Dipanwita Ray, C. Stefan Lehmann, et al. "X-ray induced electron and ion fragmentation dynamics in IBr." Journal of Chemical Physics 158, no. 13 (2023): 134304. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0145215.

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Characterization of the inner-shell decay processes in molecules containing heavy elements is key to understanding x-ray damage of molecules and materials and for medical applications with Auger-electron-emitting radionuclides. The 1s hole states of heavy atoms can be produced by absorption of tunable x rays and the resulting vacancy decays characterized by recording emitted photons, electrons, and ions. The 1s hole states in heavy elements have large x-ray fluorescence yields that transfer the hole to intermediate electron shells that then decay by sequential Auger-electron transitions that i

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40

Kopp, Joachim, and Toby Opferkuch. "Electron and muon dynamics in neutron stars beyond chemical equilibrium." Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics 2024, no. 11 (2024): 008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1475-7516/2024/11/008.

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Abstract A neutron star harbors 𝒪(1056) electrons in its core, and almost the same number of muons, with muon decay prohibited by Pauli blocking. However, as macroscopic properties of the star such as its mass, rotational velocity, or magnetic field evolve over time, the equilibrium lepton abundances (dictated by the weak interactions) change as well. Scenarios where this can happen include spin-down, accretion, magnetic field decay, and tidal deformation. We discuss the mechanisms by which a star disrupted in one of these ways re-establishes lepton chemical equilibrium. In most cases, the dom

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41

Guha, S., and Meenu Asthana. "Parametric decay in a two-electron-temperature plasma." Journal of Plasma Physics 43, no. 3 (1990): 451–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022377800014896.

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Nonlinear decay of an ordinary electromagnetic pump wave into an electro-acoustic wave and an upper-hybrid wave in a two-electron-temperature plasma has been investigated analytically. In contrast with the work of Sharma, Ramamurthy & Yu (1984), it is found that the decay can take place in the absence of the restrictive condition Ti ≫ Te and the plasma be magnetized. Using a hydrodynamical model of the plasma, the nonlinear dispersion relation and growth rate are obtained. A comparison of the present investigation is made with earlier work, and its possible application to the ELMO bumpy to

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42

Afanas’ev, Viktor P., and Lydia G. Lobanova. "Emission of Longitudinal Photons During the Decay of Plasma Excitations in Solids." Light & Engineering, no. 06-2024 (December 2024): 55–59. https://doi.org/10.33383/2024-047.

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We considered the experiments, in which longitudinal electromagnetic oscillations are excited by electron (Reflected Electron Energy Loss Spectrometry or REELS) and X-ray (X-ray Photo Electron Spectroscopy or XPS) scanning of solids. Peaks in the spectra of electron energy losses associated with the excitation of plasma oscillations of free (valence) electrons of a solid body were found. We considered (e, 2e) the experimental analysis of secondary electron energy spectra showing peaks corresponding to the energy of plasma oscillations (Langmuir waves). We also studied the electron bombardment-

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Bhattacharyya, Saptashwa, Holger Motz, Yoichi Asaoka, and Shoji Torii. "An interpretation of the cosmic ray e+ + e− spectrum from 10GeV to 3TeV measured by CALET on the ISS." International Journal of Modern Physics D 28, no. 02 (2019): 1950035. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218271819500354.

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A combined interpretation of the Calorimetric Electron Telescope (CALET) [Formula: see text] spectrum up to 3[Formula: see text]TeV and the AMS-02 positron spectrum up to 500[Formula: see text]GeV was performed and the results are discussed. To parametrize the background electron flux, we assume a smoothly broken power-law spectrum with an exponential cutoff for electrons and fit this parametrization to the measurements, with either a pulsar or 3-body decay of fermionic Dark Matter (DM) as the extra electron–positron pair source responsible for the positron excess. We found that depending on t

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44

Niţescu, Ovidiu, Stefan Ghinescu, Sabin Stoica, and Fedor Šimkovic. "A Systematic Study of Two-Neutrino Double Electron Capture." Universe 10, no. 2 (2024): 98. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/universe10020098.

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In this paper, we update the phase-space factors for all two-neutrino double electron capture processes. The Dirac–Hartree–Fock–Slater self-consistent method is employed to describe the bound states of captured electrons, enabling a more realistic treatment of atomic screening and more precise binding energies of the captured electrons compared to previous investigations. Additionally, we consider all s-wave electrons available for capture, expanding beyond the K and L1 orbitals considered in prior studies. For light atoms, the increase associated with additional captures compensates for the d

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Sudarshan, A., and S. K. Sharma. "Quasimode decay of a lower-hybrid wave in a two-electron-temperature plasma." Journal of Plasma Physics 56, no. 2 (1996): 237–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022377800019243.

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We study the quasimode decay of a lower-hybrid wave and a damped ion cyclotron wave in a plasma having two kinds of electrons. This decay channel is also investigated for a cylindrical plasma. The behaviour of the threshold and growth rate with variations in Tn/Tc and non/noc are studied, and a comparison is made with previous results. Our results show that the growth rate and the threshold for the onset of parametric decay are influenced by the presence of the second electron species.

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Li, Bochao, Hao Li, Chang Yang, Boyu Ji, Jingquan Lin, and Toshihisa Tomie. "Picosecond Lifetime Hot Electrons in TiO2 Nanoparticles for High Catalytic Activity." Catalysts 10, no. 8 (2020): 916. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/catal10080916.

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A large number of studies have examined the origins of high-catalytic activities of nanoparticles, but very few have discussed the lifetime of high-energy electrons in nanoparticles. The lifetime is one of the factors determining electron transfer and thus catalytic activity. Much of the lifetime of electrons reported in the literature is too short for a high transfer-efficiency of photo-excited electrons from a catalyst to the attached molecules. We observed TiO2 nanoparticles using the femtosecond laser two-color pump-probe technique with photoemission electron microscopy having a 40 nm spat

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Glück, F. "Electron spectra and electron-proton asymmetries in polarized neutron decay." Physics Letters B 436, no. 1-2 (1998): 25–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0370-2693(98)00881-8.

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Xie, Mengjun, Dagang Liu, Huihui Wang, and Laqun Liu. "Study on the Correlation between Magnetic Field Structure and Cold Electron Transport in Negative Hydrogen Ion Sources." Applied Sciences 12, no. 9 (2022): 4104. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app12094104.

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In most negative hydrogen ion sources, an external magnet is installed near the extraction region to reduce the electron temperature. In this paper, the self-developed CHIPIC code is used to simulate the mechanism of a magnetic filter system, in the expansion region of the negative hydrogen ion source, on “hot” electrons. The reflection and the filtering processes of “hot” electrons are analyzed in depth and the energy distribution of electrons on the extraction surface is calculated. Moreover, the effects of different collision types on the density distribution of “cold” electrons along the X

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Isoya, Junichi, T. Umeda, N. Mizuochi, and Takeshi Ohshima. "Pulsed EPR Studies of the T_v2a Center in 4H-SiC." Materials Science Forum 615-617 (March 2009): 353–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.615-617.353.

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The Tv2a center in 4H-SiC irradiated by electrons at room temperature has been studied by pulsed EPR. Various techniques such as pulsed ELDOR (electron-electron double resonance), 2-pulse echo decay, 3-pulse inversion recovery, pulsed ENDOR (electron nuclear double resonance), and 3-pulse ESEEM (electron spin echo envelope modulation) have been applied to perform the detailed structure determination and to exploit applicability for the coherent spin control experiments.

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Fedotkin, S. M. "Annihilation of positrons, emitted at β+-decay with electrons of the daughter's atom". Nuclear Physics and Atomic Energy 11, № 3 (2010): 233–38. https://doi.org/10.15407/jnpae2010.03.233.

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The processes of photon creation or atom ionization during annihilation of positron with other electron of daughter’s atom at β+-decay are considered. The estimations for the probability of one photon annihilation emitted in the process β+-decay of positron with K-electron of daughter’s atom are obtained. Process of atomic shell ionization during annihilation of positron, emitted at β+-decay, with K-electron of daughter’s atom is considered. Ratio of probabilities of these processes to the probability of ordinary β+-decay is found.

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