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1
Jingxing, Liao, Feng Lei et Liu Siyue. « Research and Application on the Third Party Quality Monitoring for Social Public Service : A Case Study of Survey Data in Liaoning Province ». E3S Web of Conferences 253 (2021) : 01033. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202125301033.
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To monitor study and analyze the social public service quality is conducive to promote the construction of a service-oriented government that is satisfactory to the people. In this paper, third-party quality monitoring was conducted in 14 cities of Liaoning Province from 11 public service fields such as living environment, public transportation, infrastructure, medical and health care, public security, culture and sports, compulsory education, pension service, employment service, social security and administrative convenience. The results showed that the public’s satisfaction with social security, compulsory education, living environment, public security and employment services was low, which needed to be paid attention to and further improved by Liaoning Provincial Government.
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Liao, Jingxing, Lei Feng et Juxiu Huang. « A Study on Satisfaction of Elderly Care Service Quality Based on Different Groups : Taking the Monitoring Data of Liaoning Province as an Example ». SHS Web of Conferences 96 (2021) : 02003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/shsconf/20219602003.
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The monitoring and analysis of the social public service quality is conducive to promoting the construction of a service-oriented government that the people are satisfied with. In this paper, the third-party quality monitoring is carried out in 14 cities in Liaoning Province from 11 public service areas, including residential environment, public transportation, infrastructure, medical and health care, public security, cultural and sports, compulsory education, elderly care service, employment service, social security and administrative convenience. The results show that the public's satisfaction with social security, compulsory education, residential environment, public security and employment service is low, which needs to be paid attention to and further improved by Liaoning provincial government.
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Didmanidze, Ibraim, Olga Yamkova, Manana Didmanidze et Tengiz Didmanidze. « About employment problems in the region ». Modeling, Control and Information Technologies, no 4 (23 octobre 2020) : 124–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.31713/mcit.2020.32.
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The paper outlines that the practice employment is interested in the highly skilled staff delivered by information technology education. Practice acts as the important criterion of quality check of preparation of technologies entrepreneur, checks the validity, value and an efficiency of scientific research on the basis of which formation is educated. Creation of conditions to protect interests of young specialists and to promote their employment on a labor market is of great importance for economic, demographic, social or political advancement in the region and on all country, just as for improvement of social and economic environment.
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Hossen, Md Monir, Tak Jie Chan et Nurul Ain Mohd Hasan. « Mediating Role of Job Satisfaction on Internal Corporate Social Responsibility Practices and Employee Engagement in Higher Education Sector ». Contemporary Management Research 16, no 3 (13 septembre 2020) : 207–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.7903/cmr.20334.
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The study aims to investigate the relationship between internal corporate social responsibility (ICSR) practices and employee engagement through job satisfaction as a mediating variable. The ICSR dimensions are comprised of employee empowerment, education and training, employment stability, as well as a working environment. This study is based on the social exchange theory to explore the relationship between the above factors and ICSR. In this study, purposive sampling was adopted. A quantitative (survey) method was employed, generating 93 valid responses. The data was then analyzed using Partial Least Square Structural Equation Modelling through Smart-PLS 3.0. The results revealed that ICSR practices, namely employee empowerment, and employment stability contributed positively to job satisfaction. However, training & education and working environment were found not significant to job satisfaction. In addition, job satisfaction has a positive influence on employee engagement. The results of the study found that except for training, education, and the work environment, job satisfaction mediates the relationship between ICSR practices and employee engagement. Conclusion, implications of the findings, and suggestions for future study are also discussed.
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Yang, Guang, Masood Badri, Asma Al Rashedi et Karima Almazroui. « The Social and Organisational Determinants of School Commitment of Expatriate Teachers ». Journal of Research in International Education 17, no 1 (avril 2018) : 33–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1475240918768984.
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The employment of expatriate teachers is explored here through the perspective of their organisational commitment. Drawing on the results of a public school teacher survey conducted in the Emirate of Abu Dhabi in 2014, this study used a multilevel framework to investigate the effects of teacher characteristics, school environment, and district level human resource management policies and practices on expatriate teachers’ school commitment. The results of the three-level model revealed that while teacher level attributes remained strong predictors of their school commitment, the social and organisational environment of the school greatly contributed to the organisational commitment of expatriate teachers. Interpersonal support within the school community and supportive work climates were crucial for expatriate teachers to build and sustain their commitment. Nationality was found to moderate the relationships between several workplace factors and teacher school commitment.
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Xue, Kaijing, Dingde Xu et Shaoquan Liu. « Social Network Influences on Non-Agricultural Employment Quality for Part-Time Peasants : A Case Study of Sichuan Province, China ». Sustainability 11, no 15 (31 juillet 2019) : 4134. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11154134.
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In recent years, the issue of employment quality for workers has received increasing attention from the government and academia. As a social resource, a social network can provide people with social support and help job seekers find better jobs by transmitting the information on job opportunities. However, currently, there are few empirical studies on employment quality from the perspective of social networks. Based on data from 194 samples from 400 households in Sichuan Province in 2015, this paper constructs an employment quality index system from the six dimensions of labor wages, working time, employment stability, employment environment, career development, and social security. In addition, from the perspective of the structural features and the overall characteristics of the social network, OLS (Ordinary Least Squares) and the path analysis model are used to quantitatively explore the mechanisms of action paths of the social network in terms of the non-agricultural employment quality of part-time peasants. The results show that: (1) the social network scale and the relative network of part-time peasants are found to positively affect employment quality. (2) Age, gender, and education level have indirect impacts on the employment quality loop through network heterogeneity and network scale. In addition, network heterogeneity and health status indirectly impact employment quality through a network scale. (3) By synthesizing the direct and indirect impacts, the comprehensive impacts of each factor on employment quality, in decreasing order, are: village–county distance > village terrain > family population > network scale > education level > skill > network heterogeneity > health status > age > gender. The results suggest that we should pay attention to the role of social network resources in improving employment quality, and should implement various measures to expand peasants’ social networks, so as to achieve high-quality employment.
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Smith, Laura, Ha Hoang, Tamara Reynish, Kim McLeod, Chona Hannah, Stuart Auckland, Shameran Slewa-Younan et Jonathan Mond. « Factors Shaping the Lived Experience of Resettlement for Former Refugees in Regional Australia ». International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no 2 (13 janvier 2020) : 501. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17020501.
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Refugees experience traumatic life events with impacts amplified in regional and rural areas due to barriers accessing services. This study examined the factors influencing the lived experience of resettlement for former refugees in regional Launceston, Australia, including environmental, social, and health-related factors. Qualitative interviews and focus groups were conducted with adult and youth community members from Burma, Bhutan, Sierra Leone, Afghanistan, Iran, and Sudan, and essential service providers (n = 31). Thematic analysis revealed four factors as primarily influencing resettlement: English language proficiency; employment, education and housing environments and opportunities; health status and service access; and broader social factors and experiences. Participants suggested strategies to overcome barriers associated with these factors and improve overall quality of life throughout resettlement. These included flexible English language program delivery and employment support, including industry-specific language courses; the provision of interpreters; community events fostering cultural sharing, inclusivity and promoting well-being; and routine inclusion of nondiscriminatory, culturally sensitive, trauma-informed practices throughout a former refugee’s environment, including within education, employment, housing and service settings.
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Mačėnaitė, Oksana, et Jūratė Požėrienė. « Social Skills Development and Enhancing Inclusion of Men Experiencing Social Disjuncture in the Group of Social Changes ». Pedagogika 140, no 4 (31 janvier 2021) : 94–115. http://dx.doi.org/10.15823/p.2020.140.6.
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Social disjuncture is a complex result of certain unfavorable life circumstances, a person’s social insecurity, and psychological discomfort, lack of self-confidence, social skills, respect, dignity, and self-esteem. Individuals or groups experience social disjuncture due to poverty, discrimination, loss of employment, relationships with relatives, imprisonment, illness, and addictions. One of the groups experiencing social disjuncture is men, and the stereotypes of society towards men further increase the risk of exclusion of this social group. Due to men’s social disjuncture, their social and professional life becomes very limited; their repulsive experience limits decisionmaking, and disrupts the expression of socially acceptable behavior. Men in social disjuncture suffer from social rejection, inferiority; self-doubt, diminished self-esteem, their social skills, and social expression are often unacceptable in society. They often refuse to make positive decisions that can improve their quality of life, do not recognize their uniqueness, otherness, and avoid socially significant changes, bold decisions. Men who have been separated for a long time exhibit aggressive behavior and become even more isolated as a result. The social disjuncture of men can be successfully reduced in the group of social changes aimed at men’s self and knowledge of the environment, development of social skills, development of suitable alternatives for socially unacceptable behavior, increasing social inclusion in society.
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The New London Group. « A Pedagogy of Multiliteracies : Designing Social Futures ». Harvard Educational Review 66, no 1 (1 avril 1996) : 60–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.17763/haer.66.1.17370n67v22j160u.
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In this article, the New London Group presents a theoretical overview of the connections between the changing social environment facing students and teachers and a new approach to literacy pedagogy that they call "multiliteracies." The authors argue that the multiplicity of communications channels and increasing cultural and linguistic diversity in the world today call for a much broader view of literacy than portrayed by traditional language-based approaches. Multiliteracies, according to the authors, overcomes the limitations of traditional approaches by emphasizing how negotiating the multiple linguistic and cultural differences in our society is central to the pragmatics of the working, civic, and private lives of students. The authors maintain that the use of multiliteracies approaches to pedagogy will enable students to achieve the authors' twin goals for literacy learning: creating access to the evolving language of work, power, and community, and fostering the critical engagement necessary for them to design their social futures and achieve success through fulfilling employment.
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Zietek, Anna. « DISABLED PEOPLE : THEIR EXPECTATIONS AND OPPORTUNITIES IN PURSUING PROFESSIONAL AND SOCIAL NEEDS ». Освітні обрії 49, no 2 (27 décembre 2019) : 101–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.15330/obrii.49.2.101-104.
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The paper presents theoretical considerations about people with disabilities and their expectations and opportunities in meeting professional and social needs. An analysis of the literature and legislation shows that the concept of disability is a multi-dimensional one. In the labour market system, the definition of disability refers to the degree, type and group of disabilities. In the vocational education system, the concept of special educational needs or special developmental needs has been introduced which diagnoses young people according to their opportunities, difficulties or limitations. An important task in the education system and in the labour market is to monitor the individual needs of people with disabilities and take initiatives to increase employment and professional activity in the open labour market. Appropriate identification of individual needs and possibilities of the disabled sets new tasks or improvement tasks for institutions and organisations supporting preparation for work, employment and professional activity of disabled people. The paper points to the importance of individualisation in meeting the needs of disabled people. It discusses the expectations of people with disabilities, which most often concern the choice of profession, vocational training, obtaining a job and professional independence, and employment, improvement and activity in the labour market. It formulates the needs for introducing integration measures on the basis of flexible and ad hoc tasks increasing access to education and workplaces and other forms of increasing mobility on the labour market. It shows the need to create a system to support the activity of non-governmental organizations working for the benefit of education, socio-occupational rehabilitation and professional activity. A system based on an individual approach to people with disabilities will contribute to the creation of new opportunities in vocational education, employment in the open labour market and to the integration and positive reception of disability in the local environment.
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Riccio, L. Lawrence, et Christopher L. Hannon. « The Role of Education, Community Integration and Arts Enterprise in Developing Entrepreneurial Skills in Adolescent at-Risk Populations ». Citizenship, Social and Economics Education 5, no 3 (septembre 2002) : 180–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.2304/csee.2002.5.3.180.
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WVSA arts connection, a non-profit arts-in-education organization located in Washington, DC, serving children and youth with special needs for over 20 years, has developed the ARTiculate Employment Training Program1, a community-based learning program that combines arts-based instruction and a unique environment with the elements of education, community inclusion, and enterprise to promote participant achievement in the transition from school to the world of work. These components form the bases for teaching vocational, social and entrepreneurial skills. This article focuses on the interaction of these components and shows how the arts connect with ‘real learning’ using an innovative, non-traditional approach - a paradigm-shifting view of employment and social skills development in relation to youth with special needs.
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Hutchens, Neal H. « Using a Legal Lens to Better Understand and Frame Issues Shaping the Employment Environment of Non-Tenure Track Faculty Members ». American Behavioral Scientist 55, no 11 (22 août 2011) : 1443–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0002764211409192.
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This article provides an overview and analysis of legal standards helping to shape the employment environment of non–tenure track faculty members. Familiarity with the significant differences in the types of employment arrangements for non–tenure track faculty and the resulting legal protections is of potential value to scholars seeking to better understand issues related to these faculty members. Many non–tenure track faculty members possess limited legal protections related to their employment, but a minority work under multiyear appointments with an expectation of renewal. The presence or absence of collective bargaining rights may also result in meaningful differences in the employment environment of non–tenure track faculty members. Additionally, the article examines the potential impact on non–tenure track faculty of legal uncertainty over First Amendment protection for individual academic freedom and other forms of professorial speech.
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Yakish, Carol. « Education and Employment in Rural Alaska ». Journal of Prevention & ; Intervention in the Community 19, no 2 (2 août 2000) : 29–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1300/j005v19n02_05.
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Malik, Dr Mohd Azhar Ud Din, et Dr Hasina Jabeen. « Higher Education in India : Women Employment, Why So Few Among So Many ? » International Journal of Business and Management Research 6, no 3 (30 septembre 2018) : 79–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.37391/ijbmr.060301.
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Progress of a country weather social or economical is largely resolute by the active contribution and participation of its labor force. Both men and women create the labor force; but it has been noted that since past decade, India has been seen a steady decline in Female Labor Force Participation (FLFP) from 37% in 2005 to an all-time low of 23 percent in 2016. On the other hand, percentage of women participation in the higher education increase. The enrolment ratio of women in higher education increased from 22% in 2012 to 26% in 2016 as per study of AISHE. The objective of this paper is to know reason behind decline in labour participation of women, as their ratio in higher education increase. The study was totally based on secondary data. This work examines the reason of women labor force participation, as against the backdrop of India having one of the lower most participation rates for female among peer countries. The research work has revealed that in modern world women are much more creative and innovative than men. Women by nature are economical and not cause undue wastage of resources and needless expenses. If they are on condition that with the right entree backed by the right governmental strategies, they can also influence the well–being of the environment and public health at national level. The main finding is that a number of program initiatives can help in boosting female in social and economic participation in India, including labor market flexibility, speculation in infrastructure, and improved social outlay.
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Jura, Oleksandr, Nataliia Ridei, Katerina Shovsh et Al`ona Biletska. « THE ROLE OF CONTINUING EDUCATION IN THE FORMATION OF THE ACADEMIC CULTURE OF TEACHING STAFF IN HIGHER EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS ». Educational Discourse : collection of scientific papers, no 19(1) (3 février 2020) : 7–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.33930/ed.2019.5007.19(1)-1.
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The thesaurus of academic culture is analyzed, the analysis of value-based social educational and scientific orientations of social categories of professionally interested teachers in prolonged employment throughout life is carried out; a semantic systematic analysis of the structure and content of cultures of the conditioned relationships between a person and society, future teachers and poly profile professional environments of their implementation and employment is carried out; a semantic systematic analysis of the structure and content of cultures of the conditioned relationships between a person and society, future teachers and poly profile professional environments of their implementation and employment is carried out; the role of ecological culture in ensuring the sustainability of social development of the noospherological paradigm of scientific knowledge is substantiated.
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Jing, Luo, et Joonho Moon. « Airline Chief Executive Officer and Corporate Social Responsibility ». Sustainability 13, no 15 (2 août 2021) : 8599. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13158599.
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The aim of this research is to explore the determinants of airline CSR. Stakeholder theory is the theoretical underpinning. Chief executive officers (CEOs) are the research target, which is theoretically underpinned by upper echelon theory. For data collection, this study used data from COMPUSTAT, EXECUCOMP, KLD MSCI, LinkedIn, and the Bureau of Economic Analysis. Standard industry classification code 4512 was employed to obtain information on airline companies. Moreover, the number of observations was 154, the number of firms was 15, and the study period was 1999–2016. CSR domains include employment, the environment, and the product. The explanatory attributes are the CEO’s age, tenure, education, share ownership, stock option, and duality. Ordinary least squares and feasible generalized least squares regression analyses were executed for hypothesis testing. Regarding the results, employment CSR was positively affected by CEO age. This study found an inverted U-shaped relationship between CEO tenure and environmental CSR. Environmental CSR was also negatively influenced by stock options. Product CSR was positively associated with CEO age, whereas it was negatively associated with CEO duality.
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Lawal, Nuhu Ishaq. « VOCATIONAL AND TECHNICAL EDUCATION : VERITABLE TOOL FOR EMPLOYMENT GENERATION AND POVERTY ALLEVIATION ». Sokoto Educational Review 14, no 2 (30 décembre 2013) : 7. http://dx.doi.org/10.35386/ser.v14i2.108.
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Vocational and technical education was designed to serve as a functional education in which practical and qualitative education is enhanced. It is an integral part of total education which embodies such principles of practical doing, preparing an individual for self-reliance and integrated education to enhance economic and social progress. For any nation to develop, it requires appropriate education for its economic growth. Thus, this paper examines the implication of vocational and technical education in general; its involvement in the production of manpower with the requisite knowledge, skills and attitudes to harness resources which will yield the goods and services required by the general populace. The paper also examines the meaning, objectives, role, and problems of vocational and technical education with a view to improving the economic status and literacy of the average Nigerians as well as improving their living standard. Some recommendations such as provision of an enabling environment for preparation of students who intrinsically wish to follow careers in science and science related subjects as well as cultural imitation should be imbibed to speed up the level technological advancement were also proposed.
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Gurvich, E., et A. Khazanov. « Public employment in Russia : Do social security or economic factors matter ? » Voprosy Ekonomiki, no 8 (20 août 2016) : 28–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.32609/0042-8736-2016-8-28-56.
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The paper contains analysis of Russian public employment and its segments: public administration, education and health care, in 2000-2014. The per capita number of public sector employees in Russia substantially exceeds that of countries with comparable GDP per capita. The results of the region-level analysis do not support the hypothesis that the public sector acts as an "employer of last resort", smoothing the effect of the labor market shocks. At the same time the region-level analysis reveals a positive relation of fiscal transfers from other budgets, which in case of public administration underpins the "ratchet effect" - an increase in case of additional revenues and no effect in case of the decrease of the inflow. In all segments there is evidence of the "economy of scale": the negative relation between the per capita employment and regional population numbers. There is also some support of the hypothesis that public employment depends on the demand for public goods: we have found positive relation of employment in public administration with urbanization and of employment in education with the share of young population.
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Milanović-Dobrota, Biljana, Sara Vidojković, Mirjana Japundža-Milisavljević et Aleksandra Đurić-Zdravković. « Employment readiness in adults with intellectual disabilities ». Specijalna edukacija i rehabilitacija 20, no 1 (2021) : 35–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.5937/specedreh20-30874.
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Introduction. Of all people with disabilities, persons with intellectual disabilities are the most numerous unemployed group who wait for a job the longest. In order to spend their day in a more productive way, these people spend time in centres and day-care centres within the system of social protection, but their motivation for work decreases over time. Objectives. The main goal of this research was to determine work readiness in adults with intellectual disabilities by assessing the specific dimension of work motivation, with special emphasis on determining differences in gender, level of formal education, type of family environment, and records in the National Employment Service. Methods. The convenience sample consisted of 78 respondents of both genders, users of services provided by associations for helping persons with intellectual disabilities in Belgrade. Work Readiness Scale (Rose et al., 2010) was used in this research. Results. Adults with intellectual disabilities were moderately interested in employment, but the obtained results differed from the estimated variables. Respondents who were professionally trained for work, as well as those who were registered in the records of the National Employment Service, showed proactive attitudes towards employment. Family support was insufficient and the lack of support was the most pronounced among the respondents living in foster families. No statistically significant differences were found with regard to gender. Conclusion. The obtained results indicate the need to provide professional support to adults with intellectual disabilities regarding the importance of working in integrated employment, with simultaneous cooperation with family members. Also, further research is needed in order to profile work readiness more clearly and adequately plan various services for the inclusion of adults with intellectual disabilities in the world of work.
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Corsi, Daniel J., Clara K. Chow, Scott A. Lear, M. Omar Rahman, SV Subramanian et Koon K. Teo. « Shared environments : a multilevel analysis of community context and child nutritional status in Bangladesh ». Public Health Nutrition 14, no 6 (11 février 2011) : 951–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1368980010003356.
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AbstractObjectiveThe goal of the present study was to examine the influence of community environment on the nutritional status (weight-for-age and height-for-age) of children (aged 0–59 months) in Bangladesh. In addition, we tested the association between specific characteristics of community environments and child nutritional status.DesignCross-sectional survey.SettingThe data are from the nationally representative 2004 Bangladesh Demographic and Health Survey.SubjectsRespondents were ever-married women (aged 15–49 years) and their children (n 5731), residing in 361 communities. Child nutritional outcomes are physical measurements of weight-for-age and height-for-age in sd units. We considered the following attributes of community environments potentially related to child nutrition: (i) community water and sanitation infrastructure; (ii) availability of community health and education services; (iii) community employment and social participation; and (iv) education level of the community.ResultsMultilevel regression analysis showed that the spatial distribution of maternal and child covariates did not entirely explain the between-community variation in child nutritional status. The education level of the community emerged as the strongest community-level predictor of child height-for-age (highest v. lowest tertile, β = 0·18 (se 0·07)) and weight-for-age (highest v. lowest tertile, β = 0·21 (se 0·06)). In the height-for-age model, community employment and social participation also emerged as being statistically significant (highest v. lowest tertile, β = 0·13 (se = 0·06)).ConclusionsThe community environment influences child nutrition in Bangladesh, and maternal- and child-level covariates may fail to capture the entire influence of communities. Interventions to reduce child undernutrition in developing countries should take into consideration the wider community context.
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Gennetian, Lisa A., Natasha Cabrera, Danielle Crosby, Lina Guzman, Julia Mendez Smith et Elizabeth Wildsmith. « A Strength-Based Framework for Realizing Latino Young Children’s Potential ». Policy Insights from the Behavioral and Brain Sciences 8, no 2 (11 septembre 2021) : 152–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/23727322211033618.
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Hispanic children experience poverty at rates two to three times higher than white children. Latino households with children, in general, have high parental employment coupled with low levels of parental education and stagnant parental earnings relative to non-Latino peers. While many Latino children live in neighborhoods that do not have access to high-quality early education, Latino children, on average, are raised in a home environment that offers economic stability and security, the presence of two parents, and socially supported family and community networks. Furthermore, though Hispanic children’s school achievement outcomes lag behind those of their peers, their socio-emotional developmental outcomes are on the same level or better. Latino children are raised in environments with the ingredients needed to achieve their potential. We use this foundation to propose a strength-based framework for guiding policy investment on Latino children and families.
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Black, Rhonda S., et John Langone. « Social Awareness and Transition to Employment for Adolescents with Mental Retardation ». Remedial and Special Education 18, no 4 (juillet 1997) : 214–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/074193259701800403.
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This article provides a review of relevant literature concerning instruction emphasizing social awareness as opposed to specific social skills for adolescents with mental retardation. social awareness is discussed in terms of promoting discrimination, generalization, and maintenance of appropriate social behavior in work environments. instructional techniques such as cognitive process approaches and community-based instructional settings for promoting social integration are then discussed. recommendations for the field of special education are suggested based on analysis of this literature.
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Spirina, Tеtiana, Barbara Grabowska et Tеtiana Liakh. « SOCIAL AND PEDAGOGICAL SUPPORT OF STUDENTS WITH DISABILITIES IN HIGHER EDUCATION INSTITUTIONS ». Modern Higher Education Review, no 5 (2020) : 62–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.28925/2518-7635.2020.5.6.
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The article considers the issue of education of students with disabilities in higher education institutions. It emphasizes the importance and features of social and pedagogical support that takes into consideration the main points that cause difficulties in this category in obtaining educational services. The article defines the perspective ways of solving the problems that concern the organization of support to students with disabilities in the environment of higher education institutions. Understanding the essence of social and pedagogical support of students with disabilities in higher education institutions involves, first of all, knowledge of the specifics of various types of developmental disorders, identifying existing problems, needs and opportunities of such students as well as creating appropriate conditions in the educational environment. The growing number of people with disabilities in Ukraine raises a number of issues related to their adaptation, socialization, including education and employment. A special place in the system of higher education in Ukraine is occupied by the integrated form of education of students with disabilities together with other students, the main condition of which is to ensure equal access to education, extracurricular activities and equal rights to obtain the higher education. The important component of the process of integration of youth with disabilities into society is the creation of appropriate conditions for learning and development of students with disabilities in higher education institutions, acquisition of knowledge, skills and competencies. In modern conditions, the accessibility of higher education for people with disabilities is an acute social and pedagogical problem which is associated with the formation of a holistic vision and the specifics of the socio-pedagogical process.
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Nuryanto, Uli Wildan, Ratih Purnamasari, Masyhudzulhak Djamil Mz, Ahmad Hidayat Sutawidjaya et Ahmad Badawi Saluy. « EFFECT OF SELF-EFFICACY, MOTIVATION ON ENTREPRENEURSHIP, ENTREPRENEURSHIP EDUCATION, AND SOCIAL ENVIRONMENT AGAINST INTEREST IN ENTREPRENEURSHIP ON MICRO, SMALL AND MEDIUM ENTERPRISES BUSINESSES IN SERANG REGENCY ». Jurnal Akademi Akuntansi 2, no 2 (28 novembre 2019) : 40. http://dx.doi.org/10.22219/jaa.v2i2.10016.
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The high population growth rate in Serang Regency in the last five years which reached an average rate of 0.77% made Serang Regency one of the Regencies that contributed to the high rate of population growth in Banten Province which in the last five years reached an average lift of 2,14%. This figure is inversely proportional to the amount of adequate employment, making Serang Regency the Regency with the highest open un-employment rate in Banten Province which reached 12.78%, this causes Banten Province to become the Province with the highest open un-employment rate in Indonesia with number 8,52% (BPS, 2018). Various efforts were made by the government to tackle un-employment in Serang Regency, one of which was the development of independent community enterprises in the form of entrepreneurship. For this reason, the study seeks to examine indicators that can influence each exogenous and endogenous variable, as well as the influence on the interest in entrepreneurship in Serang regency. Factors that influence the interest in entrepreneurship in this study are divided into two, including internal factors consisting of self-efficacy and motivation for entrepreneurship as well as external factors consisting of entrepreneurship education and social environment. From the outer test results found all indicators of each variable have high validity and reliability in describing each of the latent variables while the results of the inner test obtained four hypotheses which showed a significant effect of each predictor variable on the interest in entrepreneurship, with the magnitude the influence of the four variables is 79.8%.
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Yao, Xiao Gang, et Shu Han Song. « Study on Practice Learning Environment for Environmental Art Engineering Design ». Applied Mechanics and Materials 484-485 (janvier 2014) : 687–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.484-485.687.
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The training of the personnel in environmental art engineering design will be complete ultimately relying on the innovative course system of this program, and also the training model and teaching system have to meet the needs of modern social development, science and technology development, and employment market. However, environmental art design program based on science and technology features very strong practicality. In this paper, through analyzing the characteristics of environmental art design program and combining the concept of modern design education, a feasible model of practice teaching and the operation methods of professional project teaching oriented at studio are proposed, for the purpose of creating a practice environment in which design art personnel with subject characteristics can be trained.
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MYASNIKOV, Ilya Rubenovich, Elena Mikhaylovna STAROBINA et Lyudmila Alekseevna KARASAEVA. « AN INTEGRATED APPROACH TO THE ORGANIZATION OF ACCESSIBLE EDUCATIONAL ENVIRONMENT FOR PEOPLE WITH DISABILITIES ». Tambov University Review. Series : Humanities, no 176 (2018) : 29–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.20310/1810-0201-2018-23-176-29-38.
Texte intégralRésumé :
We describe the main components that form an accessible educational environment for people with disabilities. Based on the analysis of the regulatory legal framework of education, social protection and rehabilitation of people with disabilities, as well as theoretical, procedural and medical-expert bases of disability, the characteristics of the interrelated elements of accessibility in the system of vocational education of people with disabilities is given. The main legal acts of the Russian Federation, as well as international acts regulating the provision of accessible education and employment for the disabled are considered. We reveal that vocational education of people with disabilities is at the same time an integral part of the system of vocational rehabilitation of disabled people. We also emphasize that the independent way of life of people with disabilities should be ensured through the accessibility of the physical, social, economic and cultural environment. The importance of the rehabilitation component of the accessible educational environment for the people with disabilities is highlighted. This component includes the provision of assistance to the disabled person in the development of professional educational programs, the solution of related learning problems, formation of professional, social and psychological maturity of the disabled person. The importance of technical means of rehabilitation and architectural and planning aspects in creating an accessible educational environment for the disabled is noted. Taking into account all the necessary components will allow to create a system of affordable and quality vocational education for people with disabilities.
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Haider, Mubarak Hussain, Malik Muhammad Irfan et Aijaz Mustafa Hashmi. « Peoples Perspective of CSR in Pakistan ». INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MANAGEMENT & ; INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY 3, no 3 (31 mai 2013) : 90–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.24297/ijmit.v3i3.1726.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Corporate social responsibility is now the legitimate concern for the future survival of the organizations. The companies that are aligned with corporate social responsibility in stake holders perspective will be competitively ahead of their competitors. All past researches focus have been on the companies perspective, what they do and how they do? First time this research was from the perspective of the people of Pakistan, what they think and expect from the companies. The data was collected from all provinces of Pakistan, Punjab, Khyber Pakhtun Khawa(KPK), Sind, Baluchistan, federal city (Islamabad), Azad Jamu Kashmir (AJK), including 24 cities of provinces. Total 5000 questionnaire were sent through mail and email to the people of all communities and departments such as Universities, colleges, schools, hospitals, parks, villages, factories, departmental stores, food streets etc. Telephone calls and self administered approach were also used to collect data and total 3275 (66%) questionnaires were received and 167 were rejected due to non conformity to research. The data was analyzed from qualified 3108 (62%) questionnaires. The data of questionnaire on 16 codes of CSR depicts that the people of Pakistan rated education number one, employment number 2, healthcare number 3 and environment protection on number four the main issues. The companies that follow the hierarchy selected by the people of Pakistan, education, employment, healthcare and environment protection will be more successful than the companies which do not follow the hierarchy. The new business entrepreneurs can take the advantage right from the start of the business by investing in education, creating more employment opportunities, investing in health care related issues and protecting the environment from pollution. The research has set a prerequisite for the new entrepreneur while considering CSR priorities in Pakistan.
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Zhai, Keyu, et Xing Gao. « Who achieves superior rates of upward social mobility and better labor market outcomes in China : international student returnees or postgraduates who study domestically ? » Asia Pacific Education Review 22, no 2 (13 février 2021) : 223–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12564-021-09669-x.
Texte intégralRésumé :
AbstractGiven the growth in student mobility and transnational higher education, there is an abundance of research on international students’ studying and living experiences in a new environment. However, their poststudy transitions and social mobility have rarely been touched. This study addresses how student returnees perform in China’s labor market and social mobility, following their accomplishment of their master degree in the UK and return to China. In theoretical considerations of the graduates’ social mobility, Bourdieu’s capital theory helps identify the capital accumulation and conversion in the social mobility process. Based on a survey to collect data, 756 questionnaires are collected, including 347 questionnaires for returnees and 409 questionnaires for home graduates. Multi-regression model and visualization are employed to analyze the collected data. This study reports that home graduates have better performance in social mobility than their peers. Additionally, employment preference and spatial mobility between international and home graduates represent large diversity.
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Ahad, Md Abdul, Mitu Chowdhury, Yvonne K. Parry et Eileen Willis. « Urban Child Labor in Bangladesh : Determinants and Its Possible Impacts on Health and Education ». Social Sciences 10, no 3 (19 mars 2021) : 107. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/socsci10030107.
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(1) Background: A significant proportion of child laborers are compelled to work in exploitative environments, and experience both deteriorating health and financial loss. The present study sought to determine the factors affecting child labor and the characteristics of their working environment. (2) Methods: A questionnaire survey was conducted with 80 child laborers aged 5 to 17 years. Alongside descriptive statistics, a newly devised technique known as the Influencing Causes Index (ICI) was administered and tested. (3) Results: The demographic findings reveal that most child laborers are young children (12–14 years) and 32.5% of child laborers have never attended school. The thorough assessment of determinants reflects that not only poverty but schooling expenses and a lack of access to opportunities in primary schools are also the top-ranked push factors to trigger children towards labor. Around 72.5% of children work for over 8 h a day. A significant proportion of participants received no leave, training, or access to hygiene facilities. The existing pattern of employment and working conditions resulted in musculoskeletal pain and dermatological infections among child laborers (p < 0.05). (4) Conclusions: This research suggests that income measures for households and an education program for both children and parents would expedite the abolition of child labor.
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Wright, Ewan, et Hugo Horta. « Higher education participation in “high-income” universal higher education systems ». Asian Education and Development Studies 7, no 2 (9 avril 2018) : 184–204. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/aeds-07-2017-0061.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Purpose Global participation in higher education has expanded greatly since the late twentieth century. The implications for the cultural, social, and economic fabric of societies have been substantial. To explain transitions from elite to mass higher education systems, theoretical insights from Technical-functionalism, Neo-institutionalism, World Academic System, and Credentialism perspectives have been put forward. It is the contention of this paper that there are emerging and complementary factors driving steadily growing participation in “high-income” universal higher education systems. The paper aims to discuss these issues. Design/methodology/approach With reference to Ulrich Beck’s concept of the “risk society”, it is discussed how higher education participation is increasingly a response by young people (and their families) seeking to mitigate heightened instability in work and employment under a “risk regime”. Publicly available data from national and supra-national organisations are used to evidence trends and support the arguments put forward by this paper. Findings Participation is perceived as quasi-compulsory to “survive” amid concern that those without higher education attainment are being “left behind” in modern labour markets. This environment has contributed to more students from more diverse backgrounds viewing higher education as the only viable option to secure a livelihood regardless of rising private costs of participation and rising uncertainty over graduate employment outcomes. The expansion of higher education has therefore potentially developed a self-perpetuating dynamic as the perceived cost of non-participation escalates. Originality/value It is shown that to better understand higher education participation in “high-income” countries with universal higher education systems, one needs to consider the conceptual idea of “survivalism”, that underlines risk and the vulnerabilities of modern societies.
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Käyhkö, N., M. Mbise, Z. Ngereja, M. O. Makame, E. Mauya, G. Matto, E. Timonen-Kallio et R. Rancken. « SOCIAL INNOVATIONS IN GEO-ICT EDUCATION AT TANZANIAN UNIVERSITIES FOR IMPROVED EMPLOYABILITY (GEOICT4E) ». International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLVI-4/W2-2021 (19 août 2021) : 83–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-xlvi-4-w2-2021-83-2021.
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Abstract. Geospatial and ICT technologies are making an impact leap due to globally accessible open data solutions addressing environmental and social challenges, such as rapid urbanization, degradation of marine and land environments, and humanitarian crises. We are witnessing a rapid growth of innovations built on data and tools tackling local societal problems. At best, these can provide better opportunities for sustainable solutions and development. The need for geospatial expertise is growing globally, and the required skills and capabilities of experts are changing. Universities need to think that although the future jobs rely on experts’ geospatial data and technology skills, graduates need to have a strong conceptual and practical understanding of societal problems and capacity to co-develop solutions, which generate wellbeing and inclusive development. New generation university graduates need to master the interface between technologies’ potential and societies’ emerging needs, working in a multi-stakeholder environment and creating innovative and impactful solutions. In this paper, we present a model of institutional cooperation between five Tanzanian and three Finnish universities, aiming to tackle this transformative education challenge in Tanzania. GeoICT4e aims to develop innovative and scalable geospatial and ICT e-learning services for Tanzanian universities. Via this transformation, universities are aiming to enhance the future employment potential of the graduates with digital multi-competence skills. We present the overall methodology and key activities of the project cooperation, and discuss the opportunities and challenges related to this transformation, and use of open data and FOSS solutions particularly from the institutional and societal perspectives.
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Radic, Jova. « Policy of the labour market and employment strategy ». Privredna izgradnja 48, no 1-2 (2005) : 81–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/priz0502081r.
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In terms of economy, it is practically impossible to tackle separately the issues of unemployment and labor market, Only in the non-market economy environment that existed till the very end of the past century the issue of human resources employment was treated as a dominant ideological and political issue. That resulted in inherited high rate of hidden unemployment, low labour productivity, technological gap in relation to the countries with the developed market economy, imbalanced regional development, and the like. People's psychological fear from unemployment resisted the reestablishment of the labour market. Many of them have experienced stressful job losses. Regretfully, in the first years of the market reestablish men t, due to well-known circumstances, new jobs have been created much slower than the surplus jobs have been eliminated in the rationalization process. That additionally increased the fear from unemployment and resistance to necessary transformation of labour legislation which should free the labour market from inflexible administrative restrictions. High unemployment rate does not characterize only the less developed countries. We have highlighted the problem in the EU member states, as well. Although we have not conducted a detailed empirical analysis, we have concluded that the issue of labour market functioning and unemployment have been the major internal problem for EU for many years now. EU plans to reach full employment in the foreseeable future. To reach the set goal, the labour legislation is being changed in terms of further labour market liberalization and achievement of flexible employment; establishment of European institutions with the task to tackle unemployment problems; and allocation of significant resources to finance employment programmes through structuring funds, first of all the European Social Fund. The general conclusion and the message to be drawn out of this paper are in that that the government and its social partners should, each in their domain of responsibility, do their best to free still hidden potentials of the labour market. In order to keep his job or to return to the work environment, a worker should master new competences and skills, and his employer should feel free to make decisions regarding his employees as much as he is free to choose work technology or the product he is going to produce. Of course, the labour market, particularly in high unemployment rate environment, does not imply employer's unlimited self-will toward his employees. Humane attitude and the heritage of the democratic world, which include equality among people without any kind of discrimination, gender equality, free movement, health care, right to social welfare, education, and the like, should be the leading principles. After all, EU has in its Social Welfare Charter clearly expressed its attitude toward man and his rights.
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Madnick, David, Kristen Sorice, Yinuo Yin, Elizabeth A. Handorf, Lavanya Nagappan, Matthew Moccia, Khadija Cheema, Namrata Vijayvergia, Efrat Dotan et Shannon M. Lynch. « Investigating disparities : The effect of social environment on pancreatic cancer survival. » Journal of Clinical Oncology 37, no 4_suppl (1 février 2019) : 208. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2019.37.4_suppl.208.
Texte intégralRésumé :
208 Background: Incidence rates of pancreatic adenocarcinoma (PAC) are higher in Black compared to White patients (pts). Beyond race, exposure to poor neighborhoods or social environments also contribute to cancer disparities. However, social environmental effects on PAC are not well-studied. Social environment is defined as: 1) a neighborhood’s socioeconomic conditions (SES; i.e. a combination of education, income, poverty and employment levels); 2) racial segregation (RS) or the degree of isolation/separation of race/ethnic groups in a neighborhood. The goal of our study is to investigate whether poor social environments impact survival in a clinic population with metastatic PAC. Methods: Neighborhood SES and RS measures were derived from US census data (2011-2015) at the census tract level, which is a smaller geographic area than a county. Patient (pt) addresses were used to generate a geocode that identifies the census tract or neighborhood in which a pt lives. We joined medical records of PAC pts (n = 374; diagnosed 2010-2016 at Fox Chase Cancer Center) to neighborhood measures via the geocode. Pt variables included in the analysis were: age, sex, race, marital status, treatment, PAC family history, stage, Jewish ancestry, tobacco use and Charlson comorbidity index. Multivariable cox proportional hazards models with cluster adjustments were used and variables with p-values < 0.05 were considered significant. Results: 342 PAC deaths occurred and median survival was 12m. 81% of pts were White; < 40% resided in poor social environments (i.e. low SES or high RS). In multivariable analyses stratified by RS, median survival was lower in pts from high RS (11m) vs low RS areas (13m); however, this difference was not significant (p = 0.27). Variable effects differed by high/low RS. In high RS areas, sex, surgery, chemo, diabetes and neighborhood SES were significant predictors of survival; in low RS areas, surgery, chemo, radiation, PAC family history, tobacco use, Jewish ancestry and race were significant. Conclusions: While social environment did not appear to significantly affect survival time in metastatic pts, its potential moderating (interaction) effects on variable associations with PAC warrant further investigation.
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Horishna, Nadiia, Hanna Slozanska, Olha Soroka et Lyudmila Romanovska. « EXPLORING THE LEADERSHIP SKILLS OF PRE-SERVICE SOCIAL WORK STUDENTS : IMPLICATIONS FOR SOCIAL WORK EDUCATION ». Problems of Education in the 21st Century 77, no 5 (16 octobre 2019) : 598–615. http://dx.doi.org/10.33225/pec/19.77.598.
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The importance of leadership is discussed widely in the social work literature. However, little is known about the leadership skills of social work students and factors affecting their development in the environment specific to higher educational institutions (HEIs). This research aimed to find out what skills pre-service social work students had related to leadership and to determine if significant differences existed in terms of such predictor variables as level and form of study, employment status, and involvement in co-curricular activities. The research employed the quantitative approach based on a descriptive cross-sectional survey involving a sample of 158 social work students from three Ukrainian universities. The research group consisted of 88% female and 12% male respondents, aged between 19 and 31. Data were obtained through the Student Leadership Outcomes Inventory, which contained 60 items measuring skills on 8 scales: (a) self-management, (b) interpersonal communication, (c) problem-solving and decision-making, (e) cognitive development and critical analysis, (f) organization and planning, (g) self-confidence, (h) diversity awareness, and (h) technology which served as outcome variables. All items were rated along a 5-point Likert scale, from poor (1) to excellent (5). The results of the research revealed lower than average levels of leadership skills and existing significant differences by outcome variables for the sample population. The findings suggest the need to strengthen the leadership skills of social work students through the implementation of formal and informal developmental activities and recognition of leadership participation within the social work curriculum. Keywords: descriptive cross-sectional survey, leadership development, leadership skills, pre-service social work students, social work.
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Brown, Lynton, Terri Seddon, Lawrence Angus et Peter Rushbrook. « Professional Practice in Education in an Era of Contractualism : Possibilities, Problems and Paradoxes ». Australian Journal of Education 40, no 3 (novembre 1996) : 311–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/000494419604000308.
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Recent policy changes have encouraged the development of a contractualist environment in Australian education, where social relations are organised around the promise of each party to fulfil particular obligations. Contractualism is evident not only in moves to expand contract employment and to organise service delivery around a contractual relationship between service providers and service consumer agencies, but also in government efforts to privatise public services so that individual consumers make choices about the kinds of services they will receive. The focus of this paper is particularly on the impact of the contractualist environment of teachers' professional practice. The paper draws on interview data to document what teachers perceive to be changing in education and in their professional practice, and to identify opportunities and constraints in this shifting policy context. On the basis of these data, some of the challenges and dilemmas of professional practice in an age of contractualism will be discussed.
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Басовская et Elena Basovskaya. « Key factors of productivity and wage in modern Russia ». Economics 1, no 2 (8 juin 2013) : 3–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/582.
Texte intégralRésumé :
The main factors of productivity and wages in modern Russia. These factors — capital-labor, the level of education of the employed population and the level of income inequality, employment in the private sector. Built econometric models that assess the impact of these factors. Models explain the productivity by 81% and labor costs — by 76%. Capital-labor ratio, the level of education and income inequality has a positive impact on productivity and labor costs. Private sector employment has a negative impact on productivity and labor costs. The positive impact of inequality is explained by the regularity characteristic of the poorest and the richest countries in the world. This effect is explained by the peculiarities of the institutional environment and social structure. The negative impact of employment in the private sector due to the imperfection of property in the country. Identified regions of the country in which deviations from the revealed laws. The largest deviations are observed in the Kurgan and Sakhalin regions, in the Kamchatka Krai and the Republic of Kalmykia.
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Liu, Xiangmin, et Liang Zhang. « Flexibility at the Core : What Determines Employment of Part-Time Faculty in Academia ». Articles 68, no 2 (11 juin 2013) : 312–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1016321ar.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Summary In this study, we examine institutional predictors of part-time faculty employment in the higher education sector in the United States. We draw upon institutional and individual-level data to examine the variation in the intensity of part-time employment in faculty positions among a representative sample of higher education institutions. Institutional-level data are from Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System (IPEDS) and individual-level data are from National Study of Postsecondary Faculty (NSOPF). These data allow us to examine the impact of both economic factors and social environment on employment practices of colleges and universities. This analysis adds to the emerging literature on non-standard work arrangements in core organizational functions. Our results suggest that the employment of part-time faculty is significantly associated with a set of organizational attributes and characteristics such as institutional type, sources of revenue, and part-time student enrolment. Private institutions, on average, have higher levels of part-time faculty than their public counterparts. The proportion of part-time students and the share of institutional revenues derived from tuition and fees are positively associated with part-time faculty employment. Faculty unions are positively related to the employment of part-time faculty. Finally, institutions that have limited resource slack and pay high salaries to their full-time faculty members tend to employ a high proportion of part-time faculty. These results support the arguments that higher educational institutions actively design and adopt contingent work arrangements to manage their resource dependence with constituencies and to reduce labour costs.
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Apatov, Eyal, et Arthur Grimes. « Impacts of Higher Education Institutions on Local Population and Employment Growth ». International Regional Science Review 42, no 1 (22 mars 2017) : 31–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0160017617698742.
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We examine the relationship between higher education institutions (HEIs) and local population and employment growth, using a sample of fifty-seven New Zealand territorial local authorities between 1986 and 2013. We account for HEI endogeneity by estimating with difference generalized method of moments; by including lagged growth plus a large set of other controls; and by including official demographic projections to account for growth-related factors, including university student numbers, which were projected by official statisticians but are otherwise unobservable to the econometrician. Holding all else equal, we find that a greater share of university equivalent full-time students (EFTS) to working-age population raises population and employment growth. At the means, a one percentage point increase in the university EFTS share is associated with a 0.19 (0.14) percentage point increase in the annual average population (employment) growth rate. This (significant) relationship holds under virtually all alternative specifications, including different HEI activity definitions, samples, and specifications. Growth related to polytechnic activity is much weaker and is estimated far less precisely. Consistent with urbanization (but not localization) externalities, we find no evidence for complementarities between HEI activity and several innovation-related area characteristics, possibly reflecting the primary industry base of New Zealand.
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Mollick, André Varella, et Marie T. Mora. « The impact of higher education on Texas population and employment growth ». Annals of Regional Science 48, no 1 (30 avril 2010) : 135–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00168-010-0386-4.
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Koehoorn, Mieke, Robert Macpherson et Christopher B. McLeod. « O4C.5 Precarious work and precarious lives : an analysis of the association between employment relationships and access to social and health benefits ». Occupational and Environmental Medicine 76, Suppl 1 (avril 2019) : A37.1—A37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/oem-2019-epi.100.
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BackgroundPrecarious employment relationships impact many facets of society, among them health and health inequities for workers and their families. The objective of the current analyses was to investigate the association between precarious employment and access to social and health employment benefits in the Canadian context.MethodsThe General Social Survey (GSS) is an annual and national cross-sectional survey administered by Statistics Canada. The GSS2016 focused on social trends in education, work and home conditions to inform policy issues. The association between employment status (regular versus seasonal, term, casual) and access to employment benefits (pension, sick leave, vacation, disability, workers’ compensation, parental leave, supplemental medical, and other) was investigated using multivariable logistic regression, adjusted for socio-demographic (age, sex, education, visible minority, immigrant), occupation and industry, and physical and mental disability characteristics.ResultsAmong those employed at the time of the survey (60.4% of 19 609 respondents), the majority had regular (80.8%) versus precarious seasonal (7.0%), casual (6.9%), or term (5.3%) employment. Twenty-eight percent of precarious workers reported no employment benefits compared to 6% of regular workers (ORadj=4.99, 95% CI 3.53, 7.05). By type of benefit, the greatest disparity between precarious employment and no benefits was reported for disability insurance (ORadj=2.45 95% CI 1.81, 3.32) and supplemental medical benefits (ORadj=2.54 95% CI 1.90, 3.38), while the least disparity was reported for workers’ compensation benefits (ORadj=1.46 95% CI 1.11, 1.92).DiscussionPrecarious work may equate to precarious living for a significant number of workers without pension, disability, sick leave, family or medical employment benefits. The impact of the observed disparity in employment benefits for workers with regular versus precarious attachment to the labour market warrants longer-term investigation, but the findings suggest that precarious work could be a significant social determinant of health.
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Nachmias, Stefanos, Brendan Paddison et Chris Mortimer. « Recession : a chance for hospitality SMEs ? » Education + Training 56, no 5 (8 juillet 2014) : 414–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/et-04-2013-0056.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Purpose – The research takes a comprehensive evaluation of hospitality students’ perceptions towards small and medium sized enterprises (SMEs) employment and explores whether the current recession and labour market changes influence hospitality students career-related decisions. Such exploration would provide vital information as to how the new economic environment has modified the nature and context of hospitality students perceptions towards SMEs. The paper aims to discuss these issues. Design/methodology/approach – The research focuses on a constructionist philosophy in order to interpret how hospitality students construct of career choice. The qualitative methodology adopts semi-structured interviews in order to explore the socially constructed views of hospitality students’ perception of SMEs employment. Findings – In spite of recessional challenges which particularly affect the graduate labour market, the research confirms the original academic arguments that socially constructed barriers and influencing factors do not highlight SMEs as an attractive first employment destination. Practical implications – This research recognises the need to reconsider the curriculum for hospitality students to embed the notion of SMEs as a possible career choice. Social implications – Socially SMEs have not either historically or in the present day been seen as providing adequate resources for graduates entering the world of work. Such an implication has a considerably impact upon the supply and demand side of SMEs graduate labour market. Originality/value – The economic downturn now poses a real challenge for new graduates as it is difficult to predict and discuss future labour market issues and trends. The research allows key stakeholders in graduate employment to understand the effects of the economic environment to graduate SMEs perceptions and take measures in improving SMEs-graduate employment in hospitality.
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Bondarevska, K. V. « Informal Employment as a Threat to Social Security in the Labor Market in Ukraine within an Economic Transformation ». Problems of Economy 3, no 45 (2020) : 190–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.32983/2222-0712-2020-3-190-196.
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The specific features of informal employment, which is one of the main threats to social security in the labor market, in the context of transformational changes in the economic environment have been identified, and current trends in informal employment have been analyzed. The priority directions of the state policy aimed at eliminating the threats of the informal labor market have been substantiated. The main reasons for the spread of informal employment in Ukraine have been considered, taking into account the peculiarities of the current economic development, as well as the consequences of informal social and labor relations for both the employee and the state. The research has highlighted the current trends in informal employment in Ukraine’s labor market. This has been done by characterizing informal employment by job, place of residence, gender, age, education, industry and region. The results of the statistical grouping show an inverse relationship between informal employment, on the one hand, and gross regional product per capita, as well as disposable income per capita, on the other hand. Thus, with the increase in the scale of informal employment by region, both the gross regional product and disposable income are dropping. At the same time, it is necessary to take into account the relationship between informal employment and the amount of disposable income per capita, which consists in the fact that low income pushes people to look for additional earnings and ways to overcome poverty, informal sources of wages and informal social and labor relations being among the latter. Given the significant negative impact of informal employment on the economic development in Ukraine’s regions and on the standard of living of the population, the following priority measures neutralizing the threat of informal social and labor relations have been named: creation of new official jobs in key economic areas, including industry, agro-industrial complex, construction, transport, etc.; development and introduction of innovative employment and self-employment forms with the official reporting of employment income; development of small and medium business through the application of practices used in advanced countries, e.g. providing tax benefits for the first two years of the enterprise activity; development of youth entrepreneurship by providing young people with preferential taxation and by simplifying the mechanisms of registering and licensing their activities; stricter control over the businesses’ compliance with labor and tax legislation and increasing the severity of penalties applied in case of violations.
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OUEDRAOGO, Sayouba. « Determinants of Employability of Young People Aged 15-29 in Burkina Faso ». Applied Economics and Finance 5, no 5 (16 juillet 2018) : 10. http://dx.doi.org/10.11114/aef.v5i5.3450.
Texte intégralRésumé :
The purpose of the article is to identify and analyze the employability determinants of young people aged 15-29. A logit model was estimated using data from Phases 1 and 2 of the multisectoral survey conducted in 2014 by the National Institute of Statistics and Demography (INSD) of Burkina Faso. The female gender, rural environment, monogamy, large household, non-membership in an organization, low-paid jobs, and socio-professional category of parents in the formal and modern labor market have positive effects and high probabilities of youth employment. On the other hand, vocational and technical training and higher education offer less chance of employment. Beyond the fight against youth unemployment, decent jobs for young people are needed, and social inequalities should be reduced. Also, an integrative approach that takes into account economic, social, psychological and managerial approaches is essential in analyzing the determinants of employability.
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Chan, Wai, Leann E. Smith, Jinkuk Hong, Jan S. Greenberg, Julie Lounds Taylor et Marsha R. Mailick. « Factors associated with sustained community employment among adults with autism and co-occurring intellectual disability ». Autism 22, no 7 (9 juillet 2017) : 794–803. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362361317703760.
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Sustaining community employment is a challenge for adults with autism spectrum disorders, especially for those who have co-occurring intellectual disability, but factors contributing to this employment outcome have not been fully evaluated. This study utilized longitudinal data to explore the impact of contextual influences, family factors, and individual characteristics on sustained employment over approximately 18 months ( N = 105). Very few adults with autism spectrum disorder and intellectual disability achieved sustained employment (14.3%). The results indicated that more independent daily living skills, a higher family income, a larger maternal social network, an inclusive school environment in early childhood, and currently living in an area with a larger population size were associated with significantly greater odds of sustaining employment. Follow-up analyses suggested that managing personal care is particularly important for employment.
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Nakhid-Chatoor, Margaret, Camille Nakhid, Shakeisha Wilson et Anabel Fernandez Santana. « Exploring Liming and Ole Talk as a Culturally Relevant Methodology for Researching With Caribbean People ». International Journal of Qualitative Methods 17, no 1 (20 novembre 2018) : 160940691881377. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1609406918813772.
Texte intégralRésumé :
This article explores the necessity of developing a qualitative research methodology grounded in Caribbean peoples’ worldviews and interactions. It presents the epistemology and ontology of liming and ole talk to show their natural employment in qualitative research settings. Liming offers an opportunity for social engagement and provides a culturally relevant purpose, environment, and space in which ole talk can take place. Ole talk is presented as a uniquely Caribbean way of engaging with one another in small or large groups. The potential of liming and ole talk to create new ways to research and share knowledge is discussed. Through a brief analysis of two limes, this article proposes liming and ole talk as an authentic research methodology for researching Caribbean peoples and their contexts.
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Dubihlela, J., et Antoinette B. Volschenk. « Corporate Social Responsibility Intervention Of One Mining Operator : A Community Development Case In Bojanala District, South Africa ». International Business & ; Economics Research Journal (IBER) 16, no 1 (27 décembre 2016) : 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.19030/iber.v16i1.9881.
Texte intégralRésumé :
The South African economy constantly experiences work stoppages, is gradually losing its pride and currently experiences decisive anomalous moments underpinning new operational perceptions. Mining organisations seem to be blamed for not doing enough social capital development initiatives, particularly in underdeveloped communities. This study examines in depth the role of a mining company’s involvement in an identifiable community in South Africa’s Bojanala District. Specifically, the study evaluates the steps followed in identifying needs and the usefulness of a mining-project designed to enhance capacity-building opportunities for young South Africans; a sustainable development initiative. Qualitative action research was used in this study to ensure a participatory approach of the data gathering processes to personal and professional transformation. Action research phases were followed in the manner of Maree (2014). The findings suggest that expectations for community development projects are greater in rural and peri-uburban South African communities. It was found that participants had a general inability to read, write, speak, listen and apply the mathematical proficiency that is needed in order to function effectively in an employment environment. The youth unemployment rate in the Bojanala District can be attributed to the gap between their level of education and the employment requirements. The miners are deemed to have a responsibility towards their communities and it is the youth of these same communities that look towards the mines for employment. Mining companies can contribute to education, skills development and training of the youth. If community engagement is taken seriously as a CSR strategic approach, this would enhance positive inter-relations between the mining companies and their communities.
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Pushilina, Yu N., V. V. Sokolovskii et N. A. Shul'zhenko. « Methods for multi-criteria evaluation of forming the clusters and quarters in the smart city paradigm given the development of dynamic workplaces ». Finance and Credit 26, no 6 (29 juin 2020) : 1427–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.24891/fc.26.6.1427.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Subject. The article investigates environmental factors and their influence on the multi-criteria evaluation of the comfort of living in various city-forming systems, i.e social (employment), organizational (organization of transport, leisure, education, healthcare), technological (automation of living environment and services). Objectives. The purpose is to develop a methodology for multi-criteria evaluation of the formation of clusters and quarters in the smart city paradigm; to solve engineering problems in the owner-developer system, focusing on development of models and methods to increase the employment level, and taking into account the development of dynamic jobs. Methods. We employ methods of analysis and synthesis: the analysis of factors of comfort living in various urban structures, and the synthesis – in generalization of results at the stage of designing the environment. Results. The paper offers a methodology for multi-criteria evaluation of functional options for the composition of quarters and clusters, considering the factors of dynamic jobs development. It presents variants of architectural and planning solutions for cluster development of various types of city planning. Conclusions. The developed methodology can be useful for elaboration of plans for social development of territories.
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Bai, Libiao, Tana Bao, Kaimin Zhang, Huijing Shi, Zhiguo Wang et Sijun Bai. « Influencing Factors for the Promotion of International Vocational Qualification and Certification : Evidences from International Project Manager Professionals in China ». Sustainability 12, no 5 (27 février 2020) : 1772. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12051772.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Globalization has driven the promotion of international vocational qualification and certification (IVQC) to unify certification systems and standards. We explore IVQC promotion paths through the introduction and development of China’s International Project Manager Professional (IPMP) certification and identify and analyse IVQC processes’ influencing factors. Four factors (economic level, education level, employment level, sex ratio) are proposed; their impacts are hypothesized. Geographically weighted regression (GWR) is employed to identify factor impact relationships and validate assumptions. The results show that the four factors are positive for the promotion of IVQC. Economic level, employment level, and sex ratio contribute to the promotion of IVQC; employment level contributes most. Education level has relatively small impact. Therefore, IVQC is more likely to enter areas with developed economies, high employment rates, and more males. The promotion of IVQC can be facilitated by continuous social progress and international development. However, areas where salient factor levels are too low still present challenges.
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Nogueira, Christiano, et André Alex de Paula Silva. « PERCEPÇÕES SOBRE A EDUCAÇÃO AMBIENTAL DE LICENCIANDOS EM CIÊNCIAS DA UFPR ». Cadernos de Educação Tecnologia e Sociedade 13, no 2 (28 juin 2020) : 216. http://dx.doi.org/10.14571/brajets.v13.n2.216-224.
Texte intégralRésumé :
This work shows a research about the conceptions of Environmental Education of newly formed sciences teachers from the course of Degree in Sciences of the Federal University of Paraná, Litoral Sector. The research was qualitative with interviews by guidelines with eight of twenty of the recent graduates. The interviews were transcribed and the method to analyze was Content Analysis. The main units of analysis that emerged were: integrated understanding of society and the environment; work as an activity of interest and employment with a focus on income; understanding of interdisciplinarity in the context of environmental issues and; Environmental Education with critical and emancipatory aspects. The outcomes show an understanding of work related to the dominant ideology through market principles. An integrated understanding of society and environment that involves environmental and social aspects. These understandings are interlaced with the understandings related to interdisciplinarity and Environmental Education involving critical and emancipatory aspects.
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Reddy, A. Amarender, Surabhi Mittal, Namrata Singha Roy et Sanghamitra Kanjilal-Bhaduri. « Time Allocation between Paid and Unpaid Work among Men and Women : An Empirical Study of Indian Villages ». Sustainability 13, no 5 (2 mars 2021) : 2671. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13052671.
Texte intégralRésumé :
The paper examines the time allocation between paid work (wage earning or self-employed work generally termed as employment work) and unpaid (domestic chores/care work generally termed as non-employment work) along with wage rates, imputed earnings, and occupational structure among men and women and according to different social groups to establish the extent to which the rural labour market is discriminated by sex and social group. The major objective of the paper is to show the differential in wage income between men and women in farm and non-farm activities. The paper also shows the division of time between employment and non-employment activities by men and women. The paper uses high-frequency data and applies econometric techniques to know the factors behind time allocation among different activities across gender. The study finds that males spend more hours on employment work and work at a higher wage rate than females. As a result, a vast monetary income gap between men and women is observed, even though women worked more hours if employment and non-employment activities are jointly taken into consideration. Time spent on employment work and non-employment (mainly domestic chores) has been found to vary significantly due to social identity, household wealth, land, income, education, and skill. The segregation of labour market by sex was evident in this study, with men shifting to non-farm occupations with greater monetary returns and continued dependence on women’s farm activities. Enhancing the ownership of land and other assets, encouraging women’s participation particularly among minorities, and improving health are some of the policy recommendations directed from this study to enhance participation in employment work and shifting towards higher wage income employment.