Littérature scientifique sur le sujet « Environmental Gantt Chart »

Introduction. For the success of domestic dairy companies in the world market, they must be focused on the production of high quality and safe products with minimal production costs, which will ensure their maximum competitiveness. In addition to choosing the optimal raw materials, consumables, packaging materials, components, etc., it is necessary to optimize processes that do not bring profit to the company. One of the most well-known and most successful methods of reducing production losses is the implementation of the principles of "lean production" in the enterprise. The purpose of the article is to analyze individual elements of lean production, especially flow mapping, as one of the simplest and most obvious methods of practical use in dairy enterprises. Results. The list of losses allocated by economical production is made and their short characteristic is given. LEAN tools and methods for production systems are developed, the main task of which is to reduce enterprise losses. The article analyzes in detail such a Lean production tool as value creation flow mapping. This method is a simple and visual graphical diagram that depicts the material and information flows required to manufacture a product or provide a service to the end user. The value creation flow map makes it possible to see immediately the "bottlenecks" of the flow, and on the basis of its analysis to identify all unproductive costs and processes, to develop a plan for improvement. The main stages of creating a flow map are highlighted and implemented for a graphical image using the Gantt chart of the process of receiving raw milk at the dairy plant, also the analysis of the obtained data and recommendations for its optimization. Recommendations for using a mapping tool such as SIPOC are provided. Conclusions. Using the Value Stream Mapping method and SIPOC allows to see quickly and clearly the entire research process, set the limiting stages and start working with them. The end result is a reduction in cycle time and calculation of the time of each cycle, and the expression of this in the Gantt chart allows to visualize the process for workers, which is part of the processes of describing Standard Work and flow equalization (Heijunka). Keywords: lean production, losses, Value Stream Mapping, Gantt chart, competitiveness.

Writing a thesis or a research proposal poses enormous challenges specially in these times of information superabundance. And the positive side is that we have a lot of information to use during our research. The other phenomenon to take into consideration is the misinformation and how it could affect our research. Again, we can overcome this difficulty by applying structured research methods. The methodology proposed here starts with understanding the research problem applying the systemic thinking; then looing for information with mapping studies; evaluating the publications obtained with information quality tools; testing multiple hypothesis at the same time; and finally, if needed preparing a Gantt chart to plan the research. All these methodologies when together highlight the positive side of the synergies while minimize the impact of the cognitive bias. The aim of the study: To describe the importance of having a structured tool to write a thesis or setting up a research project. Materials and Methods: This tool was developed after analysing several research methodologies and studying their usefulness for problem-solving. Currently, new tools are under evaluation to enrich the course. Results: The proposal presented here is a problem-solving course that includes five methodologies: systems theory, mapping studies, information quality, and competing hypothesis, plus the Gantt chart. When they are used in sequence, it is possible to obtain outstanding results and also the process is auditable in its whole extension. This course has been presented several times at universities and other places in Argentina and also in Peru, with interesting and relevant results.

This paper describes obtaining superfine ethanol in a Cuban distillery from molasses as base raw material. The operational characteristics of the main stages for obtaining superfine alcohol have been described, emphasising alcohol fermentation due to its complexity in achieving process continuity; a Gantt chart led to determining a 31-hour process time and 5-hour cycle time. The influence of fermentation yield on process profitability was determined through mass and energy balances, demonstrating that a 4ºGL degree of alcohol was feasible. The main water-consuming elements were also determined (98% in molasses dilution) as well as steam consumption (91% during distillation). A preliminary analysis was made of the opportunities provided by material and energy integration, mainly for distillation, contributing towards a positive environmental impact.

The article examines modern challenges and opportunities to overcome them, which arise in the management of IT projects. The author noted the need to use effective management methods to achieve successful results. IIt is noted that for the purpose of rational planning and operational management of projects in the field of information technology, along with flexible methodologies, it is advisable to use network modeling methods. The key aspects of the use of network methods and models with the use of network graphs in the planning, monitoring and implementation of IT projects are presented. Their significance in planning and modeling the sequence of actions, determining the critical path and estimating the duration of the project is argued. Attention is drawn to the effectiveness of network methods in the context of complex and risky IT projects. The algorithm for finding the critical path is described, thanks to which project operations are divided into critical and non-critical ones and the minimum project execution time is determined. Methods of project analysis and optimization using a network graph and a Gantt chart are considered. Stages of modeling and calculation of parameters were carried out for the IT project on software development. The case of creating an IT product is given with a detailed overview of the network planning method and optimization according to the criteria of minimizing the cost and time of the project. It is noted that the proposed two-criteria project optimization method using a network graph is simpler and more rational compared to other mathematical methods of multi-criteria optimization. The Gantt chart for the given IT project case (table 1) was built using modern artificial intelligence tools and the FigJam digital service. Existing software solutions that significantly simplify and speed up the implementation of models and allow automating IT project management processes have been studied. The possible advantages and limitations of the use of network methods are noted, and directions for further research in this area are indicated.

The oil extraction industry presents many hazard related issues and consequently the majority of equipment used in oil well rigs has to present an increased degree of reliability. Within many other pieces of equipment with concerns the most relevant it is the blowout preventer. Any fault of the blowout preventers could lead to major accidents, with serious consequences on oil well rig equipment integrity, personnel health and not the last environmental damages. Based on the pervious presented issues there it is obvious that assembling/disassembling and all the maintenance operations conducted on blowout preventers shall be thoroughly conducted, carefully monitored and well documented in order to avoid any further problem in service. In this article it is presented a new approach in monitoring assembling/disassembling and maintenance operations conducted on blowout preventers. This new approach is based on the facilities offered by Microsoft Project software package and uses the Gantt chart project template as a monitoring tool for different operations conducted on blowout preventers.

The city’s strategy should take into account not only the priorities of increasing investment competitiveness and the improvement of citizens’ well-being, but also the issues of sustainable development. Sustainable development of cities has been the subject of active discussion in recent years. This article proposes four modernized directions for sustainable urban development, which correspond not only to the UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) (particularly SDG 11), but also to the original directives of local authorities. These directions include affordable housing, accessible and sustainable transportation systems, sustainable urbanization, and the environmental impact of cities. We developed a methodology for estimating synergies and trade-offs between and within these directions using correlation network analysis with the causality of the indicators and the lags of years. We tested this methodology by estimating the synergies and trade-offs in the sustainable development of the thirteen largest cities between 2015 and 2019. The results of the correlation network analysis are offered as a weighted directed network correlation graph. Our findings could be implemented by local authorities in the form of a Gantt chart for the optimal order of sustainable urban developmentthat could be based on the network correlation graph.

Implementing the Sustainable Green Revolution Strategy in Afghanistan is thoroughly examined in this paper, with a focus on how it might boost food security and promote economic growth. The fact that agriculture employs 61.6% of the workforce and accounts for roughly 23% of the country's GDP highlights the importance of this sector to Afghanistan's economy. To ensure greater output while protecting biodiversity, the study presents the idea of "Green Revolution 2.0," which aims to modify past agricultural advances to Afghanistan's particular socioeconomic and environmental challenges. Important prospects for agricultural development are noted, such as various climates, foreign assistance, and the involvement of young people. The paper also discusses urgent issues like poor infrastructure, budgetary limitations, and how climate change affects agricultural productivity. A successful implementation approach is suggested, emphasizing education, climate-smart agriculture, credit availability, and infrastructure development. A Gantt chart, which involves stakeholders including the Afghan government, non-governmental organizations, and foreign organizations, provides an organized schedule for the actions required to carry out the strategy successfully. The results highlight the significance of strengthening community involvement, encouraging sustainable farming methods, and creating a supporting governance structure. In the end, this paper promotes a multifaceted strategy for agricultural development that seeks to enhance rural Afghanistan's general quality of life in addition to productivity, opening the door for long-term resilience and economic stability.

The activity of enterprises in the energy sector is complicated by the complexity and capital intensity of the resources and processes used. In the current market conditions, an additional challenge is the implementation of sustainable development, including, in particular, environmental and social goals. These circumstances require efficient and effective management, and this is possible, inter alia, thanks to the use of the project management. However, this approach requires not only implementation, but also professional monitoring and control, which is considered and diagnosed in this article. The purpose of this article is to: (a) verify the programme management areas subject to the monitoring and control process; (b) identify and evaluate the effectiveness of the most frequently used methods in the process of monitoring and control of the programme implementation. A qualitative study using a structured interview was conducted among 21 experts involved in the implementation of programmes from the energy sector. The authors found that energy companies monitor and control programmes in key, but traditional areas such as lead times, costs, risks and benefits. They less often refer to ‘soft’ areas of management, such as: work, communication or quality. In terms of the monitoring and control methodology used, significant discrepancies were found between the methods considered effective and those that are most often used in practice. This requires decisive improvement actions. At the same time, it is worth emphasising that the majority of managers prefer compact and quantifiable forms of monitoring and control, such as: earned value method, Gantt chart and comparing plans to results in individual areas. The sector also lacks a systemic approach to programme management, which should be distinguished from single project management, which is why the authors presented their own approach to solving this problem.

Research and development projects constitute a specific group of activities carried out in the course of scientific research. The purpose of this article was the analysis of the planned research and development project related to the research on medical services market in Poland and Turkey in the aspect of cost optimization. The analyzed project was designed to examine consumer behavior in the market of a new and growing tourism sector, i.e. medical tourism. Medical tourism is currently defined as the traveling of people to a foreign country in order to undergo planned treatment there, caused by financial or qualitative reasons or due to the unavailability of services in the country of residence. The aim of the planned research project was to compare the behavior of two different groups of stakeholders on two different markets - Polish and Turkish. Efficient implementation of a research project requires precise planning of all activities that should be conducted. The performed analysis showed that regardless of the location of the planned project, its schedule consists of similar components, but the time and costs associated with the project will be different and will largely depend on the location of the research. In the article, in order to optimize the basic parameters of a research project carried out in various destinations, a traditional project management tool, i.e. the Gantt chart, was used, and complemented with the cost gradient concept. The use of both those tools made it possible to identify activities, the change of which has the greatest impact on the cost and time optimization of the project in Poland and Turkey. The analysis of the research project carried out in various destinations showed that, regardless of the location of the research project, shortening its time is associated with a similar increase in the cost of the project, despite the fact that it concerns different activities in both analyzed cases. As a rule, the implementation of a project, including a research project, should be preceded by planning, which enables its subsequent optimization using traditional project management tools.

The relevance of the study is due to the significant role of modern information technologies in improving the quality of services provided by organizations, increasing the number of clients, and, accordingly, increasing the financial result.The purpose of the study is to form a feasibility study of an innovative project for the development and launch of a mobile application for the search and ordering of freight transport, construction and special equipment services.Objectives are to develop a feasibility study of an innovative project and evaluate its effectiveness.Methodology. In the course of the research, such general scientific methods as analysis and synthesis, classification, grouping, as well as statistical methods were used.Results. The article presents an ecosystem of industries and services within the framework of the strategy of digital transformation of KEAZ business processes; the possession of unique capabilities proposed by the authors of the mobile application is revealed; a feasibility study of a technological innovative project for launching a mobile application for searching and ordering services of freight transport, construction and special equipment "KEAZ.Truck", which is part of the ecosystem of JSC "KEAZ"; the implementation of the project has been developed in several stages (at the first stage, it is planned to develop an application on the Android platform; at the second stage, the developed application "CEAZ" is being tested.Truck" and its completion; at the third stage, the developed application is being brought to the market and placed in the RuStore store; the fourth stage of the technological innovation project is to ensure the stable operation of the mobile application and its promotion in order to retain existing and attract new customers); A calendar schedule for the implementation of an innovative project in the format of a Gantt chart is presented.Conclusions. The implementation of the project in the medium term will lead to a reduction in the cost of services for customers and an increase in their quality, and also carries an important environmental effect, which is expressed in reducing exhaust emissions of cargo and construction equipment by optimizing its movement routes.

Le secteur des Technologies de l’Information et de la Communication (TIC) est en pleine croissance en raison de l'augmentation du nombre d’utilisateurs d’Internet et de la démocratisation des services numériques, entraînant une empreinte carbone non négligeable et toujours croissante. La part des émissions de gaz à effet de serre (GES) liées aux TIC est estimée entre 1,8% et 3,9% des émissions mondiales en 2020, avec un risque de presque doubler et d’atteindre plus de 7% d'ici à 2025. Les datacenters sont au cœur de cette croissance, estimés d'être responsables d'une part importante des émissions de GES du secteur des TIC (allant de 17% à 45% en 2020) et à consommer environ 1% de l'électricité mondiale en 2018.De nombreux leviers existent et peuvent aider les fournisseurs de cloud et les gestionnaires de datacenters à réduire certains de ces impacts. Ces leviers peuvent opérer sur de multiples facettes telles que l’extinction de ressources inutilisées, le ralentissement de ressources pour s’adapter aux besoins réels des applications et services, l’optimisation ou la consolidation des services pour réduire le nombre de ressources physiques mobilisées. Ces leviers peuvent être très hétérogènes et impliquer du matériel informatique, des couches logicielles ou des contraintes plus logistiques à l’échelle des datacenters. Activer, désactiver et orchestrer ces leviers à grande échelle est un réel enjeu permettant des gains potentiels en termes de réduction de la consommation énergétique et des émissions de dioxyde de carbone.Dans cette thèse, nous abordons la modélisation, évaluation et gestion de leviers hétérogènes dans le contexte d'un datacenter cloud à grande échelle en proposant pour la première fois la combinaison de leviers hétérogènes : à la fois technologiques (allumage/extinction de ressources, migration, ralentissement) et logistiques (installation de nouvelles machines, décommissionnement, changement fonctionnels ou géographiques de ressources IT).Dans un premier temps, nous proposons une modélisation des leviers hétérogènes couvrant les impacts, les coûts et les combinaisons des leviers, les concepts de Gantt Chart environnemental contenant des leviers appliqués à l'infrastructure du fournisseur de cloud et d'un environnement logiciel de gestion des leviers qui vise à améliorer les performances énergétiques et environnementales globales de l'ensemble de l'infrastructure d'un fournisseur de cloud. Ensuite, nous abordons le suivi et la collecte de métriques, incluant des données énergétiques et environnementales. Nous discutons de la mesure de la puissance et de l’énergie et effectuons une comparaison expérimentale des wattmètres logiciels. Par la suite, nous étudions un levier technologique unique en effectuant une analyse approfondie du levier Intel RAPL à des fins de plafonnement de la puissance sur un ensemble de nœuds hétérogènes pour une variété de charges de travail gourmandes en CPU et en mémoire. Finalement, nous validons la modélisation des leviers hétérogènes proposée à grande échelle en explorant trois scénarios distincts qui montrent la pertinence de l’approche proposée en termes de gestion des ressources et de réduction des impacts potentiels
The Information and Communication Technology (ICT) sector is constantly growing due to the increasing number of Internet users and the democratization of digital services, leading to a significant and ever-increasing carbon footprint. The share of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions related to ICT is estimated to be between 1.8% and 3.9% of global GHG emissions in 2020, with a risk of almost doubling and reaching more than 7% by 2025. Data centers are at the center of this growth, estimated to be responsible for a significant portion of the ICT industry's global GHG emissions (ranging from 17% to 45% in 2020) and to consume approximately 1% of global electricity in 2018.Numerous leverages exist and can help cloud providers and data center managers to reduce some of these impacts. These leverages can operate on multiple facets such as turning off unused resources, slowing down resources to adapt to the real needs of applications and services, optimizing or consolidating services to reduce the number of physical resources mobilized. These leverages can be very heterogeneous and involve hardware, software layers or more logistical constraints at the data center scale. Activating, deactivating and orchestrating these heterogeneous leverages on a large scale can be a challenging task, allowing for potential gains in terms of reducing energy consumption and GHG emissions.In this thesis, we address the modeling, evaluation and orchestration of heterogeneous leverages in the context of a large-scale cloud data center by proposing for the first time the combination of heterogeneous leverages: both technological (turning on/off resources, migration, slowdown) and logistical (installation of new machines, decommissioning, functional or geographical changes of IT resources).First, we propose a novel heterogeneous leverage modeling approach covering leverages impacts, costs and combinations, the concepts of an environmental Gantt Chart containing leverages applied to the cloud provider's infrastructure and of a leverage management framework that aims to improve the overall energy and environmental performance of a cloud provider's entire infrastructure. Then, we focus on metric monitoring and collection, including energy and environmental data. We discuss power and energy measurement and conduct an experimental comparison of software-based power meters. Next, we study of a single technological leverage by conducting a thorough analysis of Intel RAPL leverage for power capping purposes on a set of heterogeneous nodes for a variety of CPU- and memory-intensive workloads. Finally, we validate the proposed heterogeneous leverage modeling approach on a large scale by exploring three distinct scenarios that show the pertinence of the proposed approach in terms of resource management and potential impacts reduction

Cílem diplomové práce „Expanze vybraného podniku na zahraniční trh“ je navrhnout strategii vstupu společnosti SLUTO s.r.o. na rakouský trh. Teoretická část práce je věnována problematice internacionalizace a podnikových strategií a možnostmi vstupu na zahraniční trhy. V analytické části práce jsou provedeny analýzy prostředí společnosti SLUTO s.r.o. za předpokladu její působnosti na rakouském trhu, přičemž získané výsledky jsou následně sumarizovány ve SWOT analýze. Návrhová část práce, jež je v podstatě business plánem rakouské dceřiné společnosti SLUTO s.r.o., pak v souladu s poznatky z jednotlivých analýz nabízí možné návrhy a doporučení.

FlowOpt is an integrated collection of tools for workflow optimization in production environments. It was developed as a demonstration of advancements in the areas of modeling and optimization with the focus on simplifying the usage of the technology for end customers. The system consists of several interconnected modules. First, the user visually models a workflow describing the production of some item. Then the user specifies which items and how many of them should be produced (order management) and the system automatically generates a production schedule. This schedule is then visualized in the form of a Gantt chart where the user can arbitrarily modify the schedule. Finally, the system can analyze the schedule and suggest some improvements such as buying a new machine. Constraint satisfaction technology is the solving engine behind these modules.

The document “A Proposed Standardised List of Items for Costing Purposes” [1] was issues in 1999 by OECD/NEA, IAEA and European Commission (EC) for promoting the harmonisation in decommissioning costing. It is a systematic list of decommissioning activities classified in chapters 01 to 11 with three numbered levels. Four cost groups are defined for cost at each level. Document constitutes the standardised matrix of decommissioning activities and cost groups with definition of content of items. Knowing what is behind the items makes the comparison of cost for decommissioning projects transparent. Two approaches are identified for use of the standardised cost structure. First approach converts the cost data from existing specific cost structures into the standardised cost structure for the purpose of cost presentation. Second approach uses the standardised cost structure as the base for the cost calculation structure; the calculated cost data are formatted in the standardised cost format directly; several additional advantages may be identified in this approach. The paper presents the costing methodology based on the standardised cost structure and lessons learnt from last ten years of the implementation of the standardised cost structure as the cost calculation structure in the computer code OMEGA. Code include also on-line management of decommissioning waste, decay of radioactivity, evaluation of exposure, generation and optimisation of the of the Gantt chart of a decommissioning project, which makes the OMEGA code an effective tool for planning and optimisation of decommissioning processes.

This paper presents the concept and design of a hardware platform for an information technology workshop aimed at first-year electrical engineering students. The workshop provides students with their initial exposure to hardware-oriented programming and project management in a software engineering environment. The platform is centered around a Tiva C LaunchPad embedded on the control board of a remote-controlled vehicle. The hardware design of the remote vehicle is modularized into three boards: the control board, battery management board, and power management board. Additionally, a remote-control interface has been developed. The hardware platform leverages various capabilities of the Tiva C LaunchPad, including GPIO, ADC, PWM, and UART, although the I2C capabilities are not utilized in the workshop.Students work in groups of three to gain valuable project management experience. While each student is responsible for developing an individual hardware-related class, these classes are utilized for group tasks. To prevent complete group failure in case of one student's inability to finish their class, example classes are provided as usable libraries. The organization of responsibilities within the group is left to the students, and a project plan and Gantt chart timeline are mandatory.The hardware design adopts a modular structure that effectively separates main functions and power levels. The battery management board hosts the main fuse and an emergency shutdown relay, connected to a reed switch. It facilitates the connection between the batteries and the power management board. PWM signals from the control board on the power management board actuate two 12V brushless DC electric motors. Additional connections to the control board include a 5V power supply, a proportional measurement of the battery voltage, and control over the revolution speed of the drives. The control board, which houses the Tiva C LaunchPad, is also connected to ultrasonic sensors, an ESP8266-Module, and the power control board. The remote-control interface, featuring another Tiva C LaunchPad, facilitates human-machine interactions through an 8-bit display, a joystick, and navigation buttons. The remote control is powered by a 5V power bank.The software architecture also follows a modular approach, leveraging object-oriented programming principles. Seven different classes instantiate hardware-related functionalities. Additionally, four hardware-independent classes are employed. While all the functions of the remote-controlled vehicle are consolidated in one hardware-independent class, three are dedicated to remote control operation: Steering, responsible for reading joystick input and mapping it to commands; Display, enabling user output through an interactive menu; and Remote, serving as the central class that brings together low-level and other hardware-independent classes.In conclusion, this hardware platform offers first-year electrical engineering students a practical and comprehensive introduction to hardware-oriented programming and project management. The workshop provides students with hands-on exposure to industry-relevant technologies and a collaborative learning experience. The platform's integration of software and hardware components promotes a holistic understanding of systems engineering principles.