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Littérature scientifique sur le sujet « ESS modelling »

Auteur : Grafiati

Publié le 1 avril 2023

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Articles de revues sur le sujet "ESS modelling"

Kaczorowska, Anna, et Meta Berghauser Pont. « Modelling Urban Environments to Promote Ecosystem Services and Biodiversity ». International Journal of E-Planning Research 8, n^o 3 (juillet 2019) : 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijepr.2019070101.

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Urbanization effects on vegetation and the alteration in land use is likely to be the major driver of fragmentation and the loss of ecosystem services (ESS) and biodiversity. Understanding varying levels of biodiversity within cities is pivotal to protect ESS. However, due to the high complexity of urban systems, ecological connectivity assessment in urban planning remains challenging. This article evaluates policy documents and tools for ESS assessment in Stockholm, Sweden. Stockholm is an interesting city for studying ESS planning and management since Sweden has a long tradition of formal policy for biodiversity management. An overview is presented of tools and approaches to measure ESS at different scale levels used in the urban planning process in Stockholm. Their application illustrates the complementary nature of these tools, but also the need to integrate them in a platform based on a GIS (Geographic Information System) model. Ultimately, the development of such an integrated tool should inform and support planning practice in guiding urban systems towards greater sustainability.

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Milik, A., et A. Zytka. « Block party [system modelling] ». Electronics Systems and Software 4, n^o 4 (1 août 2006) : 34–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/ess:20060407.

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Donnelly, M., et P. Chandrasekaran. « Modelling multi-gigabit PCB interconnects ». Electronics Systems and Software 1, n^o 6 (1 décembre 2003) : 20–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/ess:20030602.

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Cantillo, Sergio, et Ricardo Moreno. « Power system operation considering detailed modelling of energy storage systems ». International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE) 11, n^o 1 (1 février 2021) : 182. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijece.v11i1.pp182-200.

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The power system operation considering energy storage systems (ESS) and renewable power represents a challenge. In a 24-hour economic dispatch, the generation resources are dispatched to meet demand requirements considering network restrictions. The uncertainty and unpredictability associated with renewable resources and storage systems represents challenges for power system operation due to operational and economical restrictions. This paper develops a detailed formulation to model energy storage systems (ESS) and renewable sources for power system operation considering 24-hour period. The model is formulated and evaluated with two different power systems (i.e. 5-bus and IEEE modified 24-bus systems). Wind availability patterns and scenarios are used to assess the ESS performance under different operational circumstances. With regard to the systems proposed, there are scenarios in order to evaluate ESS performance. In one of them, the increase in capacity did not represent significant savings or performance for the system, while in the other it was quite the opposite especially during peak load periods.

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Radojcic, R. « Modelling to improve design-based yield ». Electronics Systems and Software 2, n^o 2 (1 avril 2004) : 10–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/ess:20040201.

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Edwards, C. « Modelling standard gets ready for second round [UML 2] ». Electronics Systems and Software 1, n^o 5 (1 octobre 2003) : 36–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/ess:20030507.

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Peng, Li, Tiantian Chen, Qiang Wang et Wei Deng. « Linking Ecosystem Services to Land Use Decisions : Policy Analyses, Multi-Scenarios, and Integrated Modelling ». ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information 9, n^o 3 (8 mars 2020) : 154. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijgi9030154.

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Rapid industrialization and urbanization have brought dramatic changes to land use structure and layout but have caused several negative impacts on the ecosystem and environment. Increasing the supply of ecosystem services (ESs) in important ecological regions through land use optimization is one strategy that must be seriously considered in land use planning. However, existing land use optimization primarily focuses on economic outcomes, and is difficult to adapt to the practical needs of ecological civilization construction in China. Therefore, we formulated a framework that links ESs to land use decisions by combining policy analyses, multi-scenarios and integrated modelling. The paper is organized into three main parts. First, we conduct a systematic literature review to land use change (LUCC), ESs, and their relationship. Next, we build on insights from the literature review to develop a conceptual framework that integrates ESs into land use optimization. The framework includes a quantitative analysis and spatial allocation of land use. For the quantitative analysis, in addition to considering the development trends, we set ESs to achieve national requirements. Then, an optimized scenario targeted at the maximum ecosystem service value was built. For the spatial allocation, we combined multi-layer perception (MLP) and cellular automaton (CA) and developed an MLP-CA model independently. Last, an empirical study of the proposed framework was implemented in Puge County, China. Our results provide a new technical tool for the layout of optimal land use under the constraint of ecological protection policies and provides a way to address trade-offs between ecological, social, and economic values.

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Mohammadyari, Fatemeh, Ardavan Zarandian, Mir Mehrdad Mirsanjari, Jurate Suziedelyte Visockiene et Egle Tumeliene. « Modelling Impact of Urban Expansion on Ecosystem Services : A Scenario-Based Approach in a Mixed Natural/Urbanised Landscape ». Land 12, n^o 2 (19 janvier 2023) : 291. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/land12020291.

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The present study aims at predicting future land use/land cover (LULC) and quantifying and mapping the ecosystem services (ESs) of water yield, outdoor recreation opportunity and food production in current (here, 2017) and future landscapes in Northern Iran, using the InVEST, Recreation Opportunity Spectrum (ROS) and yield models. To that end, two LULC scenarios known as business as usual (BAU) and protection-based (PB) plan were applied for 2028, using the Markov Artificial Neural Network and Multi-objective land allocation (MOLA) models. The results show that rapid urbanisation, caused by the expansion of human settlements and industrial areas, has led to a decline in the ESs in the region. Compared to the ESs in 2017, the service of water yield increases as urban expansion increases, whereas food production and recreation services decrease as urban expansion increases, under the BAU scenario. On the other hand, in the PB scenario, relatively better conditions can be observed for all three ESs. Considering that the ecological structures of this region have been severely affected by rapid urban expansion, the results of this research will be useful for maintaining the existing ESs and can greatly affect planning and decision-making regarding future development towards urban sustainability.

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Shaaban, Mostafa, Carmen Schwartz, Joseph Macpherson et Annette Piorr. « A Conceptual Model Framework for Mapping, Analyzing and Managing Supply–Demand Mismatches of Ecosystem Services in Agricultural Landscapes ». Land 10, n^o 2 (29 janvier 2021) : 131. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/land10020131.

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Appreciation for agricultural sustainability and ecosystem services (ESS) has received considerable attention from the scientific community. However, research has not yet systematically and sufficiently considered the spatial dimension of ESS trade-offs as a source of conflicts. Moreover, approaches for ESS management that address a wide range of beneficiaries and their interactions at landscape scale are lacking. Our main research question is how to motivate different beneficiaries of agricultural landscapes to cooperate in reducing supply–demand mismatches and accompanied conflicts, as well as to assess how different scenarios would impact relevant Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). We present a novel and conceptual integrated model in which we employ a combination of three methodological tools: participatory geographic information system (PGIS), agent-based modelling (ABM) and a Bayesian belief network (BBN). The objective of our model simulation is to identify and manage site-specific spatial trade-off patterns and to provide decision support for shifting competitive behavior of individual stakeholders in satisfying their demand for ESS to a collective and cooperative scheme, while jointly striving to attain relevant targets outlined in the SDGs. Attached to this work is a short video depicting our conceptual model. We strongly suggest that tackling a complex social-ecological system necessitates a highly integrated modelling approach that fosters the transition from farm- to landscape-scale management, from individualistic to collective action, and from competitive to cooperative behavior.

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Okiria, Emmanuel, Muhamad Khoiru Zaki et Keigo Noda. « A Review of Payment for Ecosystem Services (PES) in Agricultural Water : Are PES from the Operation of Agricultural Water Control Structures Ubiquitous ? » Sustainability 13, n^o 22 (15 novembre 2021) : 12624. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su132212624.

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This paper reviews the consideration of the operation of agricultural water control structures (AWCSs) as sources of bundles of ecosystem services (ESs) and the subsequent design of payment for ecosystem service (PES) programs around these ESs. It is thought that PES schemes for AWCSs can complement irrigation service fees (ISFs) in funding the operation and maintenance of irrigation schemes. Case studies from Japan, the United States of America and Tanzania, representing a variety of socio-economic, geographic and climatic conditions, are discussed. In countries where the PES programs had legal backing, they showed evidence of sustainability and success. The measurement of marginal ESs flows from AWCSs proved to be one of the challenges to PES programs. There is a need to improve the measurement and modelling of hydro-meteorological and water quality parameters to ensure the transparency and success of the programs. In general, there was a realisation that ESs flow from irrigated agriculture, but there was no systematic design of PES programs around these ESs flows. An opportunity is seen to complement ISF through the design of PES programs around ES flows from the operation of AWCSs.

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Thèses sur le sujet "ESS modelling"

Tilgner, Hagen 1980. « Modelling splicing ». Doctoral thesis, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/85056.

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L’Splicing de les molècules d’ARN és el procés pel qual les seqüències interposades (“introns”) s’eliminen, i les seqüències restants es concatenen per a formar l’ARN madur. La investigació recent mostra que gairebé tots els gens amb splicing es veuen afectats per splicing alternatiu. Aquí, en primer lloc definim la longitud mínima d’un oligomer d’ARN per a funcionar com a lloc d’unió d’un factor d’splicing. A continuació, explorem la capacitat d’aquests oligomers per a predir estructures completes exó-intró. Destaquem els oligomers que són més informatius per a això, i demostrem que la mateixa precisió com en enfocaments anteriors es pot aconseguir amb menys oligomers. L’observació de que aquest enfocament és lluny de predir amb exactitud tota l’estructura exó-intró ens va portar a investigar els factors que juguen un paper en l’splicing co-transcripcional. Demostrem que els nucleosomes es col.loquen preferentment en els exons i plantegem la hipòtesi que juguen un paper en les decisions de l’splicing. A continuació, introduïm el “completed splicing index” i concluem que l’splicing co-transcripcional és molt generalitzat. A més, l’splicing co-transcripcional mostra vincles amb l’organització de la cromatina. A la llum d’aquests resultats, es van supervisar els canvis de la cromatina en exons diferencialment inclosos en dos teixits. Hem descobert una varietat de marques de les histones, però no totes, mostrant un comportament significativament diferent en els exons més inclosos i més exclosos. Las marques més destacades que apareixen són H3K9ac i dos estats de metilació de lisina 4.
Splicing of RNA molecules is the process, by which intervening sequences (“introns”) in the primary transcript are excised, and the remaining sequences (“exons”) are concatenated to form the mature RNA. Recent evidence shows that almost all spliced genes are affected by alternative splicing. Here, we define the minimal length of RNA oligomers that can sensibly be called splicing factor binding sites. Then, we explore the capacity of these oligomers to predict complete exon-intron structures. We highlight those oligomers that are most informative for this and show, that equal accuracy as in previous approaches can be achieved with less RNA oligomers. The observation, that this approach falls short of accurately predicting the entire exon-intron structure, led us to investigate determinants linked to co-transcriptional splicing. We show that nucleosomes are preferentially positioned on exons and hypothesize that they play a role in splicing decisions. We then introduce the “completed splicing index” and conclude that co-transcriptional splicing is very wide-spread in humans. Furthermore co-transcriptional splicing exhibits links to chromatin organization. In the light of these results, we go on to monitor chromatin changes on differentially included exons in pair-wise tissue comparisons. We find a variety of histone marks, but not all, showing significantly different behavior on up- and downregulated exons. The most prominently appearing marks are H3K9ac and two lysine 4 methylation states.

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Phuthi, Thabisani Nigel. « Steelmaking with the ESS furnace : a model-based metallurgical analysis ». Diss., University of Pretoria, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/75934.

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This research project investigated the option of steelmaking with the ESS furnace by using computational modelling to estimate steady state decarburisation rates. It focused on understanding metallurgical phenomena that would dictate refining rates of molten pig iron with iron ore. The results obtained are aimed at designers and potential users of the furnace technology to improve their understanding of the expected steady-state process behaviour. A mass-and-energy-balance model with a decarburisation sub-model was developed to estimate feed material requirements for steady state operation. Modelling and simulation results suggest that it may not be possible to produce steel under the conditions proposed. However, the furnace still holds potential if ideal operational conditions are understood and applied. Modelling also gave insight into which areas areas of concern, such as bubble formation in the furnace’s channel induction heaters, and necessity for a well designed refractory lining to contain heat and allow the process to operate at a stable condition under the conditions proposed. Keywords: ESS furnace, steelmaking, metallurgical analysis, modelling, mass and energy balance, decarburisation kinetics
Dissertation (MEng)--University of Pretoria, 2020.
Materials Science and Metallurgical Engineering
MEng
Unrestricted

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Ferreira, Ana Rute Marques. « Modelling the carbon dioxide solubility with CPA EOS ». Master's thesis, Universidade de Aveiro, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10773/3116.

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Mestrado em Engenharia Química
As emissões de dióxido de carbono têm hoje uma grande importância na indústria de engenharia química, pelo que a sua captura e armazenamento são uma importante área de investigação. Os líquidos iónicos têm sido estudados como solventes (“green solvents”) para a separação de gases e captura de dióxido de carbono. Os líquidos iónicos são uma nova classe de solventes orgânicos, que devido aos seus catiões orgânicos assimétricos e aos aniões inorgânicos, não podem constituir uma estrutura cristalina, permanecendo assim no estado líquido à temperatura ambiente ou temperaturas próximas desta. Estes compostos apresentam uma vasta gama de propriedades interessantes, tais como a alta estabilidade térmica; o estado líquido numa grande amplitude térmica; a boa solvatação, tanto para compostos polares como não polares; e uma das mais interessantes, colocando-os como uma alternativa viável para substituir os solventes orgânicos voláteis, a sua pressão de vapor desprezável. Outra grande vantagem destes solventes "neotéricos" é a possibilidade de modelar as suas propriedades, através da infinita combinação de catiões e aniões, permitindo desenhar os líquidos iónicos de acordo com os objectivos específicos de uma operação particular melhorando o seu desempenho. Já foram aplicadas várias equações de estado para descrever a solubilidade do dióxido de carbono nos líquidos iónicos (equilíbrio líquidovapor), tais como a PC-SAFT, soft-SAFT, Peng-Robinson, Krichevsky- Kasarnovsky, entre outras equações de estado. Neste trabalho, dados experimentais para o equilíbrio líquido-vapor do sistema de dióxido de carbono + 1-alquil-3-metilimidazólio bis(trifluorometilsulfonil)imida foram modelados pela primeira vez com a equação do estado Cubic Plus Association (CPA EoS), em que os parâmetros da equação são obtidos através do ajuste de dados experimentais de pressão de vapor e densidade. Com o objectivo de estudar a solubilidade do dióxido de carbono noutros compostos, foram também medidos os equilíbrios líquidovapor dos sistemas dióxido de carbono + dissulfureto de carbono e dióxido de carbono + tetraclorometano, numa célula de alta pressão, e os dados experimentais obtidos foram igualmente modelados com a CPA EoS. A equação de estado CPA já demonstrou ser uma ferramenta termodinamicamente flexível tendo descrito correctamente o equilíbrio líquidovapor de misturas contendo componentes associativos e não associativos distribuídos por diferentes fases fluidas. Mostra-se que este modelo permite uma boa descrição dos dados experimentais disponíveis. ABSTRACT: Carbon dioxide emissions have today a great importance in the chemical engineering industry, so its capture and storage are an important field of research. Ionic liquids have been studied as green solvents in gases separation and for carbon dioxide capture. Ionic liquids are a new class of organic solvents that due to their asymmetric organic cations and organic or inorganic anions cannot form an ordered crystal and therefore remain liquid at or near room temperature. These compounds present a wide range of interesting properties, such as high thermal stability, large liquid temperature range, good solvation both for polar and non polar compounds, and one of the most interesting, putting them as a viable and ambient friendly alternative to replace the volatile organic solvents, is their negligible vapor pressure. Other major advantage of these “neoteric” solvents is the possibility of fine tune their properties through the endless combination of cations and anions. This designer characteristic allows one to build task-specific ionic liquids that have an enhanced performance for specific operations. Several equations of state have been applied to describe the carbon dioxide solubility in ionic liquids (vapor-liquid equilibrium) such PC-SAFT, soft- SAFT, Peng-Robinson EoS, Krichevsky–Kasarnovsky EoS, among others. In this work, the experimental vapour-liquid equilibrium data of the systems carbon dioxide + 1-alkyl-3-methylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl) imide ionic liquids were modelled for the first time with the Cubic plus Association Equation of State (CPA EoS) with the EOS parameters fitted to vapor pressure and densities of the ionic liquids. In addition, it was used a high pressure cell to measure the vapour-liquid equilibrium of the binary systems carbon dioxide + carbon disulphide and carbon dioxide + carbon tetrachloride and the experimental data obtained were also modelled with the CPA EoS. The CPA EoS had already demonstrated to be a flexible thermodynamic tool for correctly modelling the phase equilibrium of mixtures containing both associative and non-associative components distributed by different fluid phases. It is shown that this model allows for a very good description of the experimental data available.

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Oliveira, Vera Lúcia Henriques de. « Modelling the aqueous solubility of PAHs with CPA EoS ». Master's thesis, Universidade de Aveiro, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10773/3019.

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Mestrado em Engenharia Química
Os hidrocarbonetos aromáticos policíclicos (PAHs) constituem uma família de compostos caracterizada por possuírem dois ou mais anéis aromáticos condensados. São no geral referenciados de contaminantes ambientais porque estão associados à combustão incompleta de materiais orgânicos, como por exemplo, a queima de combustíveis fosseis, incineração de resíduos e derrames de petróleo. O estudo da solubilidade destes compostos em misturas aquosas é de grande importância, devido ao impacto que estes compostos têm na saúde pública e no meio ambiente, dado as suas propriedades cancerígenas. Neste trabalho, a capacidade da equação de estado CPA para modelar a solubilidade em meio aquoso de vários PAHs numa ampla gama de temperatura, foi avaliada. Esta equação de estado combina o termo Soave-Redlich-Kwong (SRK) para descrever as interações físicas com a contribuição de associação proposta por Wertheim, também usada em outras equações de estado, tais como as diferentes versões da SAFT. A CPA EoS já foi aplicada com sucesso a sistemas aquosos com alcanos, compostos aromáticos e álcoois. Os resultados obtidos são muito próximos dos valores encontrados na literatura, sugerindo que a CPA EoS é um modelo adequado para correlacionar soluções aquosas de moléculas complexas de poluentes orgânicos. ABSTRACT: The polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are a family of compounds characterized by having two or more aromatic rings condensed. They are referenced in general because they are environmental contaminants associated with the incomplete combustion of organic materials, such as the burning of fossil fuels and incineration of waste, and oil spills. The solubility of these xenobiotics in aqueous mixtures must be monitored due to their impact on public health and the environment, because of their carcinogenic properties and their ubiquity in the environment. In this work, the ability of the Cubic-plus-Association equation of state (CPA EoS) for modelling the aqueous solubility of several PAHs in a wide temperature range was evaluated. This equation of state combines the Soave-Redlich-Kwong (SRK) EoS for describing the physical interactions with the association contribution proposed by Wertheim, also used in other associating equations of state, such as the different versions of SAFT. The CPA EoS had already been successfully applied to aqueous systems with alkanes, aromatics and alcohols. The results obtained are in very close agreement with the literature data, suggesting that the CPA EoS is an adequate model for correlating aqueous solutions of complex molecules of organic pollutants.

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Dghaym, Dana. « Extending the ERS approach for workflow modelling in Event-B ». Thesis, University of Southampton, 2017. https://eprints.soton.ac.uk/408104/.

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The Event Refinement Structures (ERS) approach augments the Event-B formal method with hierarchical diagrams, providing explicit support for control fow and refinement relationships. ERS was originally designed to decompose the atomicity of the events in Event-B and later enriched with control flow combinators. Combining graphical workflow approaches with formal methods has been a subject of interest in both industry and academia, resulting in a diversity of approaches. In this thesis, we present an approach for workflow modelling that addresses both control flow and data handling. ERS is used for control flow, while Event-B mathematical notation supports the data handling. This separation simplifies the modelling by avoiding an extensive number of patterns, though separation does not mean the independence of control flow from data handling. The dependency is achieved by the ERS semantics, which are acquired by transforming the diagrams to Event-B. This combination not only benefits from the verification capabilities of Event-B and the graphical nature of ERS, but also supports incremental modelling through refinement and hierarchy. Our studies resulted in extending the ERS approach to support more flexible behaviour like unbounded replication and exception handling. Unbounded replication is needed when the number of instances of a flow to be executed is unknown and additional instances can be initiated during execution. We also enhance some of the existing ERS combinators such as the loop. We validate our approach and extensions by applying them to two complex work flows, the fire dispatch system and the travel agency booking system. Finally, we extend the ERS formal language with new translation rules to support our new ERS extensions. We formally dene the new translation rules of ERS to Event-B, using the Augmented Backus-Naur Form (ABNF), to be easily integrated in the ERS plug-in. The ERS plug-in is a tool providing automatic generation of part of the Event-B model representing types and sequencing. We also evaluate the ERS combinators in control flow modelling against already published criteria.

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Gigos, Pierre-Antoine. « Modelling a Solar Driven Absorption Heat Pump ». Thesis, KTH, Tillämpad termodynamik och kylteknik, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-185684.

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Absorption Heat Pumps (AHP) have been developed since the late 19th century. They enable to produce cooling and heating directly from a heat source, unlike Compression Heat Pumps that require mechanical work. In the context of scarcity of resources and global warming, the company Helioclim develops solar air conditioning using an Absorption Heat Pump. The heat is gathered at rooftop solar concentrators and powers an ammonia-water AHP. The present study proposes an EES model of Helioclim’s AHP allowing assessing its performances under various operating conditions. Another aspect developed is the Modelling of the whole system (from solar energy to the economic assessment) in order to find the best parameters to propose to a potential client. Regarding EES model, three existing EES examples of AHP have been used. Those models, ranging from the simple single-stage ammonia AHP to a more complex GAX-cycle, did not correspond exactly to the features of Helioclim’s cycle. Therefore, a new model has been built: the position of the GAX and its connections to the other heat exchangers have been adapted and a recirculation in the generator has been proposed in order to correspond to Helioclim’s design. The model obtained is then used to assess the improvement of the performances with the GAX. It is also compared to the available experimental data. In the present study, a software program representing the whole solar air conditioning system is also developed, integrating the previous EES model. The software program considers the solar energy gathered by the collectors and deduces the energy transmitted to the heat pump. The EES model is then used to assess the performances of the heat pump in the operating conditions, allowing determining the produced cooling and heating. An economic and energy synthesis is produced, summarizing effectively the parameters and economic advantages of the installation. This software program allows sizing an installation for a client much more quickly than before.

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Muniandy, Alageswary Vasanthi A. « Pedagogical modelling of an expository text pattern : theory and practice ». Thesis, University of Nottingham, 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.243663.

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Tansey, Kevin James. « Monitoring and modelling surface moisture in north-east Jordan using ERS SAR data ». Thesis, University of Leicester, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/2381/30384.

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To assess the usefulness of a remote sensing approach to soil moisture monitoring in desert regions, a time series of ERS-1 and ERS-2 SAR images were acquired between March 1995 and April 1998 of the north-eastern desert of Jordan. Previous research has demonstrated the sensitivity to soil moisture and surface roughness of the backscatter coefficient of the ERS SAR system. The following objectives were addressed: (1) To assess and exploit the ability of the ERS SAR instrument to monitor geomorphological and hydrological changes in the desert environment. (2) To calibrate theoretical microwave scattering models using field reference data (soil moisture, surface roughness, soil texture, climatic parameters and vegetation) and assess their application to desert environments. (3) To simulate the dependence of the backscatter coefficient on soil moisture fluctuations and surface roughness changes with the aim of improving the understanding of microwave interactions with desert surfaces. (4) To investigate the potential for extraction of quantitative soil moisture estimates from ERS SAR data. Analysis of multitemporal backscatter coefficients, expressed in decibels (dB), for some desert surfaces show fluctuations of up to 6 dB during or after periods of rainfall. Basalt boulder or stone surfaces show very stable backscatter properties regardless of soil moisture conditions. This is because the roughness parameter dominates the scattering mechanism. Detailed analysis of surface roughness measurements and calculations are presented. To understand the scattering processes, the physical optics (PO), geometric optics (GO), small perturbation (SP) and integral equation models (IEM) were calibrated using field data. The results show the limitations of using the PO, GO and SP models in this natural environment, caused by the restrictive model validation domains. The calibration of the IEM yielded much better results, correlation coefficients greater than 0.8 were achieved between predicted and observed backscatter coefficients. Retrieval of soil moisture estimates with the IEM yielded a confidence level of 80%.

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Berg, Edvin, et Karl Wilhelm Lange. « Enhancing ESG-Risk Modelling - A study of the dependence structure of sustainable investing ». Thesis, KTH, Matematisk statistik, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-266378.

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The interest in sustainable investing has increased significantly during recent years. Asset managers and institutional investors are urged to invest more sustainable from their stakeholders, reducing their investment universe. This thesis has found that sustainable investments have a different linear dependence structure compared to the regional markets in Europe and North America, but not in Asia-Pacific. However, the largest drawdowns of an sustainable compliant portfolio has historically been lower compared to the a random market portfolio, especially in Europe and North America.
Intresset för hållbara investeringar har ökat avsevärt de senaste åren. Fondförvaltare och institutionella investerare är, från deras intressenter, manade att investera mer hållbart vilket minskar förvaltarnas investeringsuniversum. Denna uppsats har funnit att hållbara investeringar har en beroendestruktur som är skild från de regionala marknaderna i Europa och Nordamerika, men inte för Asien-Stillahavsregionen. De största värdeminskningarna i en hållbar portfölj har historiskt varit mindre än värdeminskningarna från en slumpmässig marknadsportfölj, framförallt i Europa och Nordamerika.

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NOVARESIO, VALERIO. « Design and modelling an innovative SOEC stack ». Doctoral thesis, Politecnico di Torino, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/11583/2604774.

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The present work is focused on the design of a solid oxide cell stack that mainly works in electrolysis mode. The framework of the activity is the energetic issue related to the renewable sources management and storage capabilities. The analysis starts observing the energetic issue from an alternative standpoint that emphasizes the ethical aspects and instills in the reader the secondary importance of the efficiency respect to the feasibility and the robustness of the devices. In order to predict the stack performance, a new numerical solver has been developed based on open source tool. This multi-physic solver can handle complete SOC stack both in fuel cell mode and in electrolysis mode. As a part of this activity an insight concerning SOC Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy physical simulation has been done. This part of the solver can be coupled with additional plugins and provides the basis for the impedance analysis of the low frequency part of the SOC spectrum. Basing on pragmatic approach a new stack design was proposed and technical drawings have been released. The stack is based on tubular cells considering some peculiarity of the planar configuration especially concerning charge transfer between electrodes and external current takes. Some simulations have been run in order to validate the main assumptions of the design process.

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Livres sur le sujet "ESS modelling"

Brian, Everitt, et Pickles Andrew, dir. Modelling covariances and latent variables using EQS. London : Chapman & Hall, 1993.

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Karfakis, Costas K. Modelling the behaviour of exchange rates in the EMS. Norwich : School of Economic and Social Studies, University of East Anglia, 1992.

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Paterson, Duncan. Flash Computation and EoS Modelling for Compositional Thermal Simulation of Flow in Porous Media. Cham : Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-11787-0.

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Agency, OECD Nuclear Energy, dir. Engineered barrier systems (EBS) in the safety case, the role of modelling : Workshop proceedings, La Coruña, Spain, 24-26 August 2005. Paris, France : Nuclear Energy Agency, Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, 2007.

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Bartoli, Maria Teresa, et Monica Lusoli, dir. Le teorie, le tecniche, i repertori figurativi nella prospettiva d'architettura tra il '400 e il '700. Florence : Firenze University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.36253/978-88-6655-884-2.

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La prospettiva dell’età moderna nacque come un ponte gettato tra l’arte e la scienza. Essa dava necessità all’arte e rendeva visibile la scienza; il terreno di coltura fu quello dell’architettura, che da sempre impegnava in sinergia i cultori dell’una e dell’altra. L’ambito di pensiero in cui fu concepita si occupava degli argomenti più alti, l’universo e la terra: a partire dagli astronomi-geografi e dai topografi, si è costruita nel tempo come disciplina e metodo scientifico-artistico, derivando sistematicamente teoremi da teoremi, in un crescendo di complessità, che ha assunto forme talvolta acrobatiche, non aperte all’evidenza. Le tecniche prospettiche sviluppate nel tempo hanno accompagnato le figure dell’architettura e del figurativo nei loro mutamenti. Le attuali tecnologie informatiche ci permettono oggi di studiare i modelli di questo ambito artistico con la fiducia di poter portare alla luce una storia nuova su di esso. Questo volume raccoglie i saggi di 44 ricercatori che, all’interno di un Progetto Nazionale bandito nel 2011, coordinato da Riccardo Migliari di Roma, hanno aderito alla chiamata del gruppo fiorentino, di cui è responsabile Maria Teresa Bartoli, per illustrare il loro metodo di approccio culturale e tecnico al tema attraverso un caso-studio: fosse esso rappresentato da un dipinto o dai passi di un trattato.

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Baldini, Gianni, dir. Persona e famiglia nell’era del Biodiritto. Florence : Firenze University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.36253/978-88-6655-889-7.

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Il mutamento incessante che la scienza e la tecnologia hanno imposto alla società civile mette in discussione temi fondamentali come nascita, salute, morte, e con essi gli ‘strumenti giuridici’ pensati per autodeterminarsi. Non solo l’individuo è investito da questo tumultuoso processo ma anche la famiglia, come luogo principale in cui lo stesso esercita la sua personalità, ne risente gli effetti. In questo terzo volume di Verso un diritto europeo per la bioetica il focus dei contributi dei vari autori (giuristi, medici, bioeticisti) è centrato su temi quali: genitorialità consapevole e procreazione assistita, profili anticipatori assunti dalla salute e connesse esigenze di tutela, articolazione dei modelli familiari e ridefinizione del progetto genitoriale. Il tutto declinato nella logica del Biodiritto, disciplina autonoma ma anche metodo di indagine e di lavoro per coloro che intendano approcciarsi alle cosiddette fattispecie biotecnologiche.

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Garrino, Lorenza, dir. Strumenti per una medicina del nostro tempo. Florence : Firenze University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.36253/978-88-6655-837-8.

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Il contributo fornito da questa pubblicazione rappresenta una iniziativa innovativa nell’ambito della formazione per i progetti di miglioramento della qualità delle cure. Nei contesti sempre più si delinea la necessità di modelli teorici, di strumenti e metodologie che favoriscano la compartecipazione della persona e della sua famiglia alle cure. La sinergia tra Medicina narrativa, Metodologia Pedagogia dei Genitori e ICF permette di dare valore alle storie ed alle esperienze dei pazienti, alle competenze educative genitoriali all’interno del patto educativo scuola, sanità e famiglia con un focus sul grado di funzionamento della persona sia essa in condizione di salute o di malattia. In questa nuova prospettiva le azioni di cura mirano a stabilire un rapporto di fiducia che non è più basato su un’adesione acritica a saperi o interventi dati per acquisiti e indiscussi, ma su una concertazione che tiene conto delle competenze situate, concrete e quotidiane del cittadino e delle competenze formalizzate, generali e specifiche dei curanti.

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Colesanti, Gemma Teresa, Blanca Garì et Núria Jornet-Benito, dir. Clarisas y dominicas. Modelos de implantación, filiación, promoción y devoción en la Península Ibérica, Cerdeña, Nápoles y Sicilia. Florence : Firenze University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.36253/978-88-6453-676-7.

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Il volume è frutto della ricerca del progetto Claustra. Atlante della spiritualità femminile. Il libro si occupa dell’analisi del paesaggio religioso contrassegnato dalle comunità di clarisse e di domenicane. L’approfondimento della struttura territoriale dei vari regni avviene tramite cinque linee: la conoscenza di aree poco studiate nella topografia monastica femminile; la comprensione delle dinamiche fondazionali e il ruolo delle comunità di mulieres religiose; la dinamica dell’impianto urbano e i processi di comunicazione e di azione, creatori del paesaggio monastico; l’importanza del mecenatismo e del patrocinio femminile nei modelli fondazionali e nella promozione culturale; l’analisi delle pratiche devozionali e della cultura materiale delle comunità in un contesto funzionale, spaziale e performativo. El presente volumen es el resultado de la investigación del proyecto Claustra. Atlas de espiritualidad femenina. El libro se ocupa del análisis del paisaje religioso marcado por las comunidades de clarisas y dominicas. Desde una estructura territorial por reinos se abordan cinco lineas: el conocimiento de áreas poco estudiadas en la topografía monástica femenina; la comprensión de dinámicas fundacionales y el papel de grupos de mulieres religiosae; la dinámica de implantación urbana y los procesos de interacción creadores de paisaje monástico; la importancia del mecenazgo y patronazgo femenino en los modelos fundacionales y de promoción cultural; el análisis de las prácticas devocionales y la cultura material de las monasterios femeninos en un contexto funcional, espacial y performativo.

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Dunn, G. Modelling Covariances and Latent Variables Using Eqs. Taylor & Francis Group, 2020.

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Buschfeld, Sarah, et Alexander Kautzsch, dir. Modelling World Englishes. Edinburgh University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/edinburgh/9781474445863.001.0001.

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This volume brings together different varieties of English that have so far been treated separately: postcolonial and non-postcolonial Englishes. The different contributions examine these varieties of English against the backdrop of current World Englishes theorising, with a special focus on the Extra- and Intra-territorial Forces (EIF) Model (Buschfeld and Kautzsch 2017). Building on the general conception of Schneider’s (2003, 2007) Dynamic Model, the EIF Model aims at integrating postcolonial and non-postcolonial Englishes in a unified framework of World Englishes. The editors of the proposed volume claim that in the development of any kind of English around the world, forces from both outside and inside the community are in operation and lead to different outcomes as regards the status and characteristics of English. Each chapter tests the validity of this new model, analyses a different variety of English and assesses it in relation to current models of World Englishes. The case studies examine English(es) in England, Namibia, the United Arab Emirates, India, Singapore, the Philippines, South Korea, Japan, Australia, North America, The Bahamas, Trinidad, Tristan da Cunha, St. Helena, Bermuda, the Falkland Islands, Ireland, Gibraltar and Ghana.

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Chapitres de livres sur le sujet "ESS modelling"

Bouwer, Laurens M. « Correction to : The Roles of Climate Risk Dynamics and Adaptation Limits in Adaptation Assessment ». Dans Springer Climate, C1—C2. Cham : Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-86211-4_28.

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Owocki, Stanley P. « Modelling Variability in Hot-Star Winds ». Dans ESO Astrophysics Symposia, 325–35. Berlin, Heidelberg : Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-68597-5_76.

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Lukose, Dickson. « Complex modelling constructs in MODEL-ECS ». Dans Conceptual Structures : Fulfilling Peirce's Dream, 228–43. Berlin, Heidelberg : Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bfb0027873.

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D’Angelo, G., L. Errico, M. T. Gomez, L. A. Smaldone, M. Teodorani et A. A. Vittone. « The Wind of FU Orionis : Modelling the Atmosphere ». Dans ESO Astrophysics Symposia, 323. Berlin, Heidelberg : Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-68597-5_74.

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Ministr, Jan. « Modelling and Simulation Support of EMS Processes ». Dans IFIP Advances in Information and Communication Technology, 571–78. Berlin, Heidelberg : Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-41151-9_53.

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Baretta, J. W., et P. Ruardij. « Modelling the Ecosystem of the Ems Estuary ». Dans Tidal Flat Estuaries, 3–13. Berlin, Heidelberg : Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-73753-4_1.

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Baturin, Vladimir A. « Application of SAHA-S EOS to solar modeling ». Dans Synergies between Solar and Stellar Modelling, 145–49. Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-90-481-9198-7_24.

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de Jong, Jeroen A. « Semi-empirical Modelling of Cyclical Hα Line Profile Variability of O Stars ». Dans ESO Astrophysics Symposia, 336. Berlin, Heidelberg : Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-68597-5_77.

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Teymur, B., et S. P. G. Madabhushi. « Shear Stress-Strain Analysis of Sand in ESB Model Container by Harmonic Wavelet Techniques ». Dans Physical Modelling in Geotechnics, 201–6. London : Routledge, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9780203743362-36.

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Tchouanguem Djuedja, Justine Flore, Mohamed Hedi Karray, Bernard Kamsu Foguem, Camille Magniont et Fonbeyin Henry Abanda. « Interoperability Challenges in Building Information Modelling (BIM) ». Dans Proceedings of the I-ESA Conferences, 275–82. Cham : Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-13693-2_23.

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Actes de conférences sur le sujet "ESS modelling"

Zeng, Zhaoheng, Daye Chen, Tao Zhang et Yisheng Guan. « Kinematic Modelling and Analysis of an Ess-board-like Robot ». Dans 2018 IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Biomimetics (ROBIO). IEEE, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/robio.2018.8664835.

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Sokolovskyi, Pavlo, Serhii Denysiuk et Roshan Sharma. « Objective-Oriented System for Modelling Building Energy Supply Based on PV Modules ». Dans 2019 IEEE 6th International Conference on Energy Smart Systems (ESS). IEEE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ess.2019.8764217.

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Saukh, Sergii, et Andriy Borysenko. « Modelling of market equilibrium on the basis of Smart Grid market system decomposition ». Dans 2020 IEEE 7th International Conference on Energy Smart Systems (ESS). IEEE, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ess50319.2020.9160333.

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Delrue, Andre A. G., Peter van der Veen et Jens Ekelaar. « The Application of Supercapacitors Based Energy Storage Systems on Heave Compensation Systems for Offshore Lifting Equipment ». Dans ASME 2011 30th International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering. ASMEDC, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2011-49688.

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An Electrical Heave Compensation System will cause large power demand fluctuations with a period time e.g. of around 8 to 12 seconds. These large power fluctuations are not desirable for the stability of the ship’s electrical power grid. This paper proposes the application and control of a supercapacitor based ESS in a power electronic system with a common DC Bus to limit the effect of the power fluctuations on the ship’s electrical power grid. The regenerated power from the heave compensation movements is temporarily stored in supercapacitors and used again when power is demanded. This causes a more constant power flow from the ship’s electrical power grid, which will cope with the losses in the system. Two topologies are discussed, namely the direct connection of the supercapacitors to the common DC bus and the indirect connection of the supercapacitors to the common DC bus through a DCDC converter. The result of the modelling and experiments of both ESS topologies shows that the high power fluctuations caused by an electrical heave compensation system are significantly decreased.

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Wang, Xicheng, Dmitry Grishchenko et Pavel Kudinov. « Development of Effective Momentum Model for Steam Injection Through Multi-Hole Spargers : Unit Cell Model ». Dans 2021 28th International Conference on Nuclear Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icone28-65751.

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Abstract The Steam injection through multi-hole spargers into the pressure suppression pool (PSP) is used in light water reactors to prevent containment over-pressure. The development of thermal stratification in the PSP can reduce its cooling capacity and results in higher containment pressures compared to completely mixed pool conditions. Explicit modelling of direct contact condensation (DCC) of steam at the steam-water interface is a challenge for contemporary codes. Effective Heat Source (EHS) and Effective Momentum Source (EMS) models have been proposed to enable the prediction of thermal stratification and mixing transients induced by steam condensation in a large pool. The general idea of the EHS/EMS is to resolve the effect of the DCC phenomena on a large pool, instead of explicit modelling of the small-scale phenomena at steam-water interface. The EHS/EMS models can be implemented using (i) respective boundary conditions at the boundary of the Steam Condensation Region (SCR) or (ii) using source terms in the heat and momentum transport equations. In previous work, EHS/EMS models were implemented using the second approach and validated against data from PPOOLEX and PANDA tests. It was found that results are sensitive to the spatial distribution of the source terms. Since the current data are not sufficient to provide a reasonable distribution, a preliminary study of the first method was done in this paper. The goal of this work is to develop a ‘Unit Cell’ model by using respective boundary conditions for steam injection through multi-hole sparger. The condensed turbulent jet is resolved by introducing the liquid jet with the same effective momentum and heat as the injected steam. A uniform velocity profile solved by EMS model and the temperature boundary solved by EHS model is provided on each injection hole of the sparger wall. Validation is conducted against sparger test in PANDA facilities.

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Oganezova, I., D. Pommerenke, J. Zhou, K. Ghosh, A. Hosseinbeig, J. Lee, N. Tsitskishvili, T. Jobava, Z. Sukhiashvili et R. Jobava. « Human Body Impedance Modelling for ESD simulations ». Dans 2018 40th Electrical Overstress/Electrostatic Discharge Symposium (EOS/ESD). IEEE, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.23919/eos/esd.2018.8509795.

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Zhou, Yuanzhong Paul, Guanghai Ding et Jean-Jacques Hajjar. « ESD Protection Impact and Modelling of Bias-Dependent Series Resistance in Diodes ». Dans 2019 41st Annual EOS/ESD Symposium (EOS/ESD). IEEE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.23919/eos/esd.2019.8869988.

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Russ, Christian, Michael Ammer et Kai Esmark. « Predicting System Level ESD Robustness Using a Comprehensive Modelling Approach ». Dans 2018 40th Electrical Overstress/Electrostatic Discharge Symposium (EOS/ESD). IEEE, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.23919/eos/esd.2018.8509746.

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Ammer, Michael, Sergey Miropolskiy, Andreas Rupp, Friedrich zur Nieden, Martin Sauter et Linus Maurer. « Characterizing and Modelling Common Mode Inductors at high Current Levels for System ESD Simulations ». Dans 2019 41st Annual EOS/ESD Symposium (EOS/ESD). IEEE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.23919/eos/esd.2019.8870005.

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Holland, Steffen, Guido Notermans et Hans-Martin Ritter. « Modelling transient voltage overshoot of a forward biased pn-junction diode with intrinsic doped region ». Dans 2018 40th Electrical Overstress/Electrostatic Discharge Symposium (EOS/ESD). IEEE, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.23919/eos/esd.2018.8509760.

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Rapports d'organisations sur le sujet "ESS modelling"

Führ, Martin. Öffentlich-rechtliche Fragestellungen in Prosumptions-Modellen. Sonderforschungsgruppe Institutionenanalyse, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.46850/sofia.9783941627840.

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Prosumptionsmodelle im Bereich Ernährung und Bekleidung bieten Potential für eine Nachhaltige Entwicklung. Dabei lässt sich das klassische Verhältnis zwischen Anbietern und Konsumierenden verändern. Statt – eher passiver – Nachfrage, geht es um aktive Beiträge der Konsumenten, die sich damit auf den Weg hin zu „Prosumern“ machen. Aus öffentlich-rechtlicher Sicht geht damit eine Rollenverschiebung einher, die sich auch in der daran geknüpften „Verantwortungs-Konstellation“ niederschlägt: Wer aktiv in das Austausch-Verhältnis eintritt, den treffen auch die damit verbundenen Pflichten. Dies gilt grundsätzlich für alle Rollenverschiebungen im vorgenannten Sinne, also etwa auch für den Bereich der Bekleidung. Allerdings sind die damit einhergehenden Risiken für die Kunden (im Sinne einer Gefährdung von Leben und Gesundheit) in der Regel deutlich geringer als bei der Vermarktung von Lebensmitteln. Verunreinigungen, seien sie herstellungsbedingt oder durch nachträgliche Kontamination mit Mikro-Organismen (Bakterien, Pilze etc.) hervorgerufen, können zu Gesundheitsgefährdungen führen. Diese Risiko-Konstellation hat den Staat veranlasst, ein vergleichsweise dichtes Geflecht an öffentlich-rechtlichen Vorgaben zu etablieren, die relevant sind sowohl für (Food-) Sharing-Ansätze als auch für Modelle der solidarischen Landwirtschaft (SoLaWi). Aus öffentlich-rechtlicher Perspektive stellen sich im Bereich der beiden vorgenannten Fallbeispiele aus dem Bereich der Lebensmittelwirtschaft vor allem Fragen im Zusammenhang mit den einzuhaltenden Hygiene-Anforderungen. In der Praxis gab es hier auch bereits Auseinandersetzungen mit den zuständigen Behörden. Diese Stellungnahme konzentriert sich daher auf die damit zusammenhängenden Fragen.

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Carreño, Úrsula, Zoila Llempén et Andrés Muñoz Miranda. El impulso del sector público en la implementación de Building Information Modelling en países de América Latina. Banco Interamericano de Desarrollo, janvier 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0004711.

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Building Information Modelling (BIM) es una innovación revolucionaria que, implementada adecuadamente, promete un importante ahorro en los gastos de infraestructura al facilitar la colaboración digital entre equipos multidisciplinarios para la planificación, el diseño, la construcción, y la operación de obras de infraestructura. Este estudio describe los avances y el impacto de la metodología BIM en países de América Latina. Sobre la base de información obtenida a partir de entrevistas realizadas a referentes del sector público, describe cómo se han superado los principales retos de gestión y capacitación, además de los fiscales y normativos. Concluye que si bien en América Latina el uso de BIM es incipiente por parte del sector público (se inició en Chile en 2016), existe un intenso trabajo de transición en los países focos del análisis: Brasil, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica y Perú. Se destaca también el rol fundamental del liderazgo del sector público para la adopción de BIM, ya que dicho sector está en condiciones de disminuir los costos de transacción entre una mayor cantidad de actores, debido a que posibilita compartir y trabajar con la información, proponer y generar las vías o los canales de comunicación necesarios para fortalecer los mecanismos de transparencia y la rendición de cuentas, y permite considerar y gestionar adecuadamente los retos asociados: administrativos, legales, financieros, tecnológicos y de fortalecimiento de la capacidad institucional.

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Daldrup, Valerie, Iliyana Madina, Caron Pomp, Suntje Schmidt et Julia Stadermann. Whitepaper WTT Impact Canvas : Entwicklung und Pilotierung eines Canvas zur Darstellung der Wirkung von Transfermaßnahmen. Technische Hochschule Wildau, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.15771/innohub_6.

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Die Messung möglicher Effekte des Wissens-und Technologietransfers (WTT) als Teil der Dritten Mission hat eine hohe Relevanz, wenngleich nicht alles über reine Kennzahlen erfasst werden kann. Daher hat die Taskforce Wirkungsmessung des Innovation Hub 13 das WTT Impact Canvas erarbeitet und als Vorlage für Interessierte bereitgestellt. Die Idee zum WTT Impact Canvas beruht hierbei auf dem Business Model Canvas von Osterwalder und Pigneur sowie dem Theory of Change Toolkit. Ähnlich zu diesen beiden Modellen bildet das WTT Impact Canvas wichtige Aspekte von Transferaktivitäten klar strukturiert und kompakt ab. Es hilft Beteiligten durch die Visualisierung dabei, über das Geplante und Erreichte zu reflektieren, die Aktivitäten zu beschreiben und den Mehrwert für andere darzustellen sowie nach außen zu kommunizieren. Das vorliegende Whitepaper zum WTT Impact Canvas beschreibt zunächst die Problematik der Erfassung von Transferaktivitäten und deren Wirkung. Im Anschluss wird das Canvas selbst vorgestellt sowie die einzelnen Felder beschrieben. Darüber hinaus zeichnen wir die unterschiedlichen Entwicklungsschritte des Canvas nach und zeigen anhand von Beispielen den möglichen Nutzen des Canvas für Transferakteure auf. Ziel ist mittel- bis langfristig, das Canvas auch für die Wirkungsmessung von WTT Aktivitäten außerhalb des Innovation Hub 13 bereitzustellen und nutzbar zu machen.

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Sett, Dominic, Florian Waldschmidt, Alvaro Rojas-Ferreira, Saut Sagala, Teresa Arce Mojica, Preeti Koirala, Patrick Sanady et al. Climate and disaster risk analytics tool for adaptive social protection. United Nations University - Institute for Environment and Human Security, mars 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.53324/wnsg2302.

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Adaptive Social Protection (ASP) as discussed in this report is an approach to enhance the well-being of communities at risk. As an integrated approach, ASP builds on the interface of Disaster Risk Management (DRM), Climate Change Adaptation (CCA) and Social Protection (SP) to address interconnected risks by building resilience, thereby overcoming the shortcomings of traditionally sectoral approaches. The design of meaningful ASP measures needs to be informed by specific information on risk, risk drivers and impacts on communities at risk. In contrast, a limited understanding of risk and its drivers can potentially lead to maladaptation practices. Therefore, multidimensional risk assessments are vital for the successful implementation of ASP. Although many sectoral tools to assess risks exist, available integrated risk assessment methods across sectors are still inadequate in the context of ASP, presenting an important research and implementation gap. ASP is now gaining international momentum, making the timely development of a comprehensive risk analytics tool even more important, including in Indonesia, where nationwide implementation of ASP is currently under way. OBJECTIVE: To address this gap, this study explores the feasibility of a climate and disaster risk analytics tool for ASP (CADRAT-ASP), combining sectoral risk assessment in the context of ASP with a more comprehensive risk analytics approach. Risk analytics improve the understanding of risks by locating and quantifying the potential impacts of disasters. For example, the Economics of Climate Adaptation (ECA) framework quantifies probable current and expected future impacts of extreme events and determines the monetary cost and benefits of specific risk management and adaptation measures. Using the ECA framework, this report examines the viability and practicality of applying a quantitative risk analytics approach for non-financial and non-tangible assets that were identified as central to ASP. This quantitative approach helps to identify cost-effective interventions to support risk-informed decision making for ASP. Therefore, we used Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia, as a case study, to identify potential entry points and examples for the further development and application of such an approach. METHODS & RESULTS: The report presents an analysis of central risks and related impacts on communities in the context of ASP. In addition, central social protection dimensions (SPD) necessary for the successful implementation of ASP and respective data needs from a theoretical perspective are identified. The application of the quantitative ECA framework is tested for tropical storms in the context of ASP, providing an operational perspective on technical feasibility. Finally, recommendations on further research for the potential application of a suitable ASP risk analytics tool in Indonesia are proposed. Results show that the ECA framework and its quantitative modelling platform CLIMADA successfully quantified the impact of tropical storms on four SPDs. These SPDs (income, access to health, access to education and mobility) were selected based on the results from the Hazard, Exposure and Vulnerability Assessment (HEVA) conducted to support the development of an ASP roadmap for the Republic of Indonesia (UNU-EHS 2022, forthcoming). The SPDs were modelled using remote sensing, gridded data and available global indices. The results illustrate the value of the outcome to inform decision making and a better allocation of resources to deliver ASP to the case study area. RECOMMENDATIONS: This report highlights strong potential for the application of the ECA framework in the ASP context. The impact of extreme weather events on four social protection dimensions, ranging from access to health care and income to education and mobility, were successfully quantified. In addition, further developments of CADRAT-ASP can be envisaged to improve modelling results and uptake of this tool in ASP implementation. Recommendations are provided for four central themes: mainstreaming the CADRAT approach into ASP, data and information needs for the application of CADRAT-ASP, methodological advancements of the ECA framework to support ASP and use of CADRAT-ASP for improved resilience-building. Specific recommendations are given, including the integration of additional hazards, such as flood, drought or heatwaves, for a more comprehensive outlook on potential risks. This would provide a broader overview and allow for multi-hazard risk planning. In addition, high-resolution local data and stakeholder involvement can increase both ownership and the relevance of SPDs. Further recommendations include the development of a database and the inclusion of climate and socioeconomic scenarios in analyses.

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