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Littérature scientifique sur le sujet « External restrictions »

Auteur : Grafiati

Publié le 7 juin 2025

Mis à jour le 2 août 2025

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Articles de revues sur le sujet "External restrictions"

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Bedke, Matthew S. "Rationalist restrictions and external reasons." Philosophical Studies 151, no. 1 (2009): 39–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11098-009-9421-7.

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Mráz, Attila. "HOW TO JUSTIFY MANDATORY ELECTORAL QUOTAS: A POLITICAL EGALITARIAN APPROACH." Legal Theory 27, no. 4 (2021): 285–315. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1352325221000252.

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ABSTRACTThis paper offers a novel substantive justification for mandatory electoral quotas—e.g., gender or racial quotas—and a new methodological approach to their justification. Substantively, I argue for a political egalitarian account of electoral quotas. Methodologically, based on this account and a political egalitarian grounding of political participatory rights, I offer an alternative to the External Restriction Approach to the justification of electoral quotas. The External Restriction Approach sees electoral quotas as at best justified restrictions on political participatory rights. I

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Zakharov, N. O. "Legal Regulation of the Restrictions of Civil Rights." Rossijskoe pravosudie 3 (February 21, 2020): 29–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.37399/issn2072-909x.2020.3.29-38.

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Тhe subject of the article is legal regulation of restrictions of civil rights; it is noted that the scope of such regulation can vary depending on certain legally significant circumstances; author gives examples of situations related to the restriction of subjective civil rights, the regulation of which is exhausted by its legal component without the need for individual regulation; the author comes to the conclusion that such situations are possible in circumstances where the restrictions are typical, standardized and do not depend on the subjects of restrictions or certain external circumsta

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HENDERSON, BRENT. "External possession in Chimwiini." Journal of Linguistics 50, no. 2 (2014): 297–321. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022226714000036.

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Most discussion surrounding external possessors has centered around dative NPs or clitics in Indo-European or Semitic languages and focused on whether or not such structures are derived via movement. This paper examines external possessors in Chimwiini, a Bantu language that lacks datives. It will be shown that while these constructions share certain structural and semantic restrictions with their counterparts in other languages, these properties do not straightforwardly correlate with arguments for a movement or base-generation analysis. This suggests the derivational mechanics of the constru

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Asante, Doris. "Navigating restrictions: External funding and WPS implementation." Women's Studies International Forum 107 (November 2024): 103000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.wsif.2024.103000.

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Odria, Ane, Ane Berro, and Beatriz Fernández. "Pertsona murriztapenak ditu egitura inpertsonalak: euskararen kasua." Fontes Linguae Vasconum, no. 133 (June 30, 2022): 191–219. http://dx.doi.org/10.35462/flv133.7.

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In this paper we explore the person restrictions that the impersonal construction presents: the person condition of the external argument and the person restriction on the internal argument. We propose that the external argument of the impersonal is a silent pronoun of DP category (pro) that must be interpreted as [+human]. This argument is located at the specifier of Voice. Additionally, we also argue that Voice is defective in impersonals and that this explains the restricted case and agreement relations of the construction. Since Voice is defective, both the external and the internal argume

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GAVRILOV, S. P., and D. M. GITMAN. "IS QFT WITH EXTERNAL BACKGROUNDS A CONSISTENT MODEL?" International Journal of Modern Physics A 26, no. 22 (2011): 3752–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217751x11054218.

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We discuss consistency of the concept of external background in QFT. Different restrictions on magnitude of magnetic and electric fields are analyzed. The back reaction due to strong electric field is calculated and restrictions on the magnitude and duration of such a field are obtained. The problem of consistency of Dirac equation with a superstrong Coulomb field is discussed.

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GAVRILOV, S. P., and D. M. GITMAN. "IS QFT WITH EXTERNAL BACKGROUNDS A CONSISTENT MODEL?" International Journal of Modern Physics: Conference Series 03 (January 2011): 58–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s2010194511001140.

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We discuss consistency of the concept of external background in QFT. Different restrictions on magnitude of magnetic and electric fields are analyzed. The back reaction due to strong electric field is calculated and restrictions on the magnitude and duration of such a field are obtained. The problem of consistency of Dirac equation with a superstrong Coulomb field is discussed.

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Odintsova, T. M., E. A. Matushevskaya, N. Yu Shipilov, and M. G. Rozhkova. "Acute Issues of Strateging and Functioning of Information Space on Territory in Conditions of Restrictive Measures." Vestnik of the Plekhanov Russian University of Economics 17, no. 6 (2020): 128–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.21686/2413-2829-2020-6-128-143.

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The article studies such issues as strateging of sustainable development of regions, developing the system of information support of strategic development of the region, risks connected with sanctions imposed by Western countries. These subjects were analyzed with the help of literature sources and further lines of research were proposed. The system of information support of strategic development of regions includes strategic goals and figures of development, which require correction in conditions of growing pressure on behalf of Western countries, as well as political and economic restriction

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Лисова, Е. В. "SOCIO-ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT OF RUSSIAN REGIONS UNDER EXTERNAL RESTRICTIONS." Vestnik of Russian New University. Series "Man and society", no. 3 (July 30, 2024): 41–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.18137/rnu.v9276.24.03.p.041.

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В условиях нарастания и углубления санкций, которые затронули все регионы России, большая часть из них демонстрируют способность к адаптации и развитию в новых условиях, опираясь на федеральную поддержку, десятилетний опыт функционирования экономики в условиях санкций, инициативы бизнеса и опыт вариативной приспособляемости населения к сложным условиям. Сделан вывод о том, что перспективы социально-экономического развития регионов во многом зависят от обеспечивающей процесс институциональной среды, от сопряжения федеральных и региональных усилий по обеспечению эффективности антисанкционных мер

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Thèses sur le sujet "External restrictions"

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Kim, Jeong-Ki. "External and internal restrictions on PRRSV replication in cell culture /." Search for this dissertation online, 2006. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/ksu/main.

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Ramirez, de Arellano Serna Antonio. "Incorporating preference information in Data Envelopment Analysis via external restrictions." Thesis, University of York, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.367467.

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Mendonca, Cassandra. "Physiological mechanisms of dyspnea during exercise in the presence of external thoracic restriction: role of increased neural respiratory motor drive." Thesis, McGill University, 2014. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=121504.

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Background & rationale. "Dyspnea" refers to the awareness of breathing discomfort that accompanies an increase in physical activity in health and across various diseases. It is arguably the most severe and burdensome symptom experienced by patients with chronic pulmonary disorders and is an important contributor to physical activity-limitation and adverse health outcomes, including hospitalization and death. Nevertheless, the mechanisms of dyspnea on exertion in health and disease remain partially understood. Accumulating evidence implicates neuromechanical uncoupling of the respiratory sy

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Bernuy, Gálvez José Marcial, and Moscoso Ricardo Ismael Pecho. "Impacto del financiamiento externo en beneficio de la productividad." Bachelor's thesis, Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas (UPC), 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10757/652939.

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La comprensión y respuesta del impacto del financiamiento externo en la productividad de las empresas es un tema que, en la actualidad, los gerentes deben considerar en el marco de las decisiones financieras. En la actualidad, los gerentes deben tomar la decisión sobre si es el momento oportuno de acceder a un financiamiento externo y si esta es la mejor decisión para lograr el crecimiento de la empresa. El propósito de esta investigación es brindar a los gerentes una herramienta que les permita conocer y analizar los diferentes criterios que deben considerar en la toma de decisiones al m

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Cardoso, Franciane Alves. "Crescimento econ?mico e restri??o externa da economia brasileira: uma an?lise do padr?o das exporta??es em rela??o ao BRIC e do Sistema de Inova??o do Brasil (1980-2012)." Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, 2013. http://repositorio.ufrn.br:8080/jspui/handle/123456789/14097.

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Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T14:34:46Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 FrancianeAC_DISSERT.pdf: 1159752 bytes, checksum: 5789ae9b3c2000239de9673924458330 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-10-04<br>This Master s Thesis aims to use the theoretical models of growth with restricted balance of payments, specifically Kaldor (1970) and Thirlwall (1979) models, to analyze the behavior and the pattern of specialization of Brazilian exports and imports in the last years. It is observed that, in some periods, the pattern of specialization has contributed in restricting long-term growth of the Brazi

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Santos, Fabricio Marques. "Crescimento sob restrição externa: uma análise utilizando técnicas de dinâmica de sistemas." Universidade de São Paulo, 2008. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/12/12138/tde-04062008-100703/.

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O assunto a ser tratado neste trabalho é a relação entre o crescimento econômico e a restrição externa. O objetivo do trabalho é construir um modelo macroeconômico de simulação que sirva de instrumento de análise, ainda que modesto, da relação entre os componentes de Demanda Agregada (DA) e as variáveis do Balanço de Pagamentos (BP) da economia brasileira no período 1947-2006. O modelo baseia-se no Princípio da Demanda Efetiva (PDE) formalizado inicialmente por Keynes e Kalecki, através do qual Thirlwall (1979) derivou um resultado geral de como a restrição de equilíbrio do Balanço de Pagament

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Alqahtani, Salha. "L'acquisition des relatives. : Etude des erreurs commises par des apprenants arabophones saoudiens de français langue étrangère." Thesis, Normandie, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017NORMC008/document.

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Cette recherche identifie et analyse les différentes erreurs, intervenant dans le cadre de la relativisation, commises par des apprenants arabophones saoudiens. L’étude se fonde sur un corpus de 1670 relatives. Constitué dans un cadre institutionnel, ce corpus réunit des productions écrites obtenues dans des emplois contraints, semi-contraints et plus spontanés. Les résultats confirment le fait que la relativisation en français relève d’une complexité linguistique et représente une incontestable difficulté dans le parcours d’un apprenant de FLE. Quelle que soit la fonction relativisée (sujet &

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Daniel, Elise. "La politique opérationnelle de l'Union européenne dans le cadre de la PESC : singularités et cohérences." Thesis, Paris 1, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PA01D025.

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La Politique étrangère et de sécurité commune (PESC) est la politique de l'Union Européenne qui suscite le moins d'intérêt et le moins d'attention dans la doctrine de droit de l'Union Européenne. Ce statut d'enfant-perdu de la doctrine s'explique aisément : la Politique étrangère et de sécurité commune multiplie les singularités, et en tout premier lieu celle d'être généralement présentée comme étant la politique intergouvernementale par excellence de l'Union européenne. La PESC présente également la singularité d'être une politique opérationnelle. Plus de trente opérations civiles et militair

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Karsenty, Adrien. "Les apports de l’économie industrielle à l’analyse concurrentielle des marchés de réseau et services numériques." Thesis, Paris 2, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PA020066.

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Cette thèse regroupe les principaux jalons pour l’analyse concurrentielle des marchés impliquant des activités de réseau et des services ou produits numériques. Le propos s’organise en trois parties qui sont autant d’essais pour rendre compte de l’impact des spécificités de ces marchés sur leur dynamique concurrentielle. La première partie de la thèse porte sur la question de la concentration des plateformes Internet. Un modèle de marché biface est spécifié pour rendre compte des différents niveaux d’interdépendance sur les plateformes mettant en relation entreprises ou annonceurs, d’une part,

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Senadheera, Pathirannehelage Yashodha Warunie Senadheera. "Essays on External Shocks and Monetary Policy in the Sri Lankan Economy." Phd thesis, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/1885/117188.

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The past few decades have been marked with episodes of global economic turbulence that have created macroeconomic instability in both developed and developing economies. With its gradual economic integration with global markets, Sri Lanka is increasingly exposed to unanticipated shocks emanating from foreign economies. This dissertation, comprising of three independent essays, aims to deepen the knowledge on the effects of external shocks, their cross-border transmission channels and appropriate monetary policy responses for the Sri Lankan economy

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Livres sur le sujet "External restrictions"

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Towards sustained development in Latin America and the Caribbean: Restrictions and requisites (Cuadernos de la CEPAL). Can be ordered from United Nations Publications, Sales Section, 1989.

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Weikart, Lynne A. Mayor Michael Bloomberg. Cornell University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.7591/cornell/9781501756375.001.0001.

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This book dives into the mayoralty of Michael Bloomberg, offering an incisive analysis of Bloomberg's policies during his 2002–2014 tenure as mayor of New York and highlighting his impact on New York City politics. Michael Bloomberg became mayor of New York just four months after the 9/11 terrorist destruction of the World Trade Center and he lead the rebuilding of a physically and emotionally devastated city so well that within two years, the city had budget surpluses. The book reveals how state and federal governments constrained Bloomberg's efforts to set municipal policy and implement his

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Munro, James. A Taxonomy of Prima Facie Violations of International Economic Law. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198828709.003.0008.

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Having determined that carbon units are, to varying extents, subject to international economic law, Chapter 8 assesses the consistency of emissions trading schemes and their rules affecting carbon units with that body of law. In particular, Chapter 8 identifies and evaluates the rules in emissions trading schemes affecting the trade, use, and value of carbon units that constitute prima facie violations of that body of law. It considers: (i) the differential treatment of carbon units that engages disciplines on non-discrimination; (ii) the quantitative restrictions on external carbon units that

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9780198897392 and Thomas Gregory. Weaponizing Civilian Protection. Oxford University PressOxford, 2025. https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198897385.001.0001.

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Abstract Civilian protection is often seen as an external restraint on wartime violence, as something that can limit the death and destruction inflicted upon the civilian population. Weaponizing Civilian Protection contests this view, showing how militaries have used it to re-calibrate their violence to make it more effective and to mitigate the harm caused to civilians to make it appear more legitimate. Focusing on the recent conflict in Afghanistan, the book traces how coalition officials tried to re-imagine civilian casualties as a martial concern rather than a humanitarian consideration—as

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Schütze, Robert. From International to Federal Market. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198803379.001.0001.

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What philosophy informs the European Union’s internal market? In the history of European integration three market models can be distinguished: an international model, a federal model, and a national model. Under the international model, each State commits itself to limiting its external sovereignty, while it retains internal sovereignty over its national market. By contrast, the federal model accepts that within a ‘common market’ States must lose a part of their internal sovereignty; and in line with the principle of ‘home state’ control, goods are generally entitled to be freely sold on a ‘fo

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Schmidtz, David. Property. Edited by George Klosko. Oxford University Press, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199238804.003.0035.

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Working within a Lockean tradition, William Blackstone characterized property as the “sole and despotic dominion which one man claims and exercises over the external things of the world, in total exclusion of the right of any other individual in the universe.” In practice, though, property rights in the Anglo-American tradition have always been hedged with restrictions. Today, the term “property rights” generally is understood to refer to a bundle of rights that could include rights to sell, lend, bequeath, use as collateral, or even destroy. However, the fact remains that at the heart of any

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Hira, Anil. Political Economy of Energy in the Southern Cone. Greenwood Publishing Group, Inc., 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.5040/9798400697951.

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Hira explores the impact of the neoliberal revolution in Latin America, which claims the superiority of markets that are freed from government intervention and restrictions on trade and investment. He examines changes in the energy policy of the Southern Cone (Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Paraguay, and Uruguay) and finds that, contrary to what is claimed and expected, there is a great deal of state intervention that continues through regulatory policy. All around the world, economic markets are in flux. Policies to change these markets are part of the neoliberal revolution that claims th

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Alden, Edward, and Laurie Trautman. When the World Closed Its Doors. Oxford University PressNew York, 2025. https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780197697818.001.0001.

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Abstract When the World Closed Its Doors tells the story of how nearly every country in the world shut its borders to respond to an external threat and explains how this global shock to the system ended up transforming state border policies around the world. It details the consequences of the Covid border restrictions—couples separated for years, children blocked from reuniting with their parents, container ship workers moving essential goods trapped at sea, pregnant citizens barred from returning home—and explains why governments used their harshest containment measures on those coming from o

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Jones, Kent. Populism and Trade. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190086350.001.0001.

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Populism and Trade traces the role of populist trade policy in the increase of global protectionism and the erosion of international trade institutions. Populist anti-trade rhetoric played a major part in US President Donald Trump’s 2016 election campaign, in which he portrayed current trade agreements as elitist measures to undermine US manufacturing jobs, economic security, and the interests of the American people. Upon taking office he proceeded to implement trade restrictions that were unprecedented in the era of GATT-WTO rules. His use of national security criteria for unilateral tariffs

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Hasan, Zoya. Ideology and Organization in Indian Politics. Oxford University PressOxford, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780192863416.001.0001.

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Abstract This book examines the immense changes in Indian politics over the past decade and its impact on the Indian National Congress. The impact is most apparent in the changing fortunes of the Congress party, which suffered two major defeats in the 2014 and 2019 elections, bringing the party’s crisis to the front and Centre of public debate. This book seeks to understand the reasons for these enormous changes by looking, first, at the underlying conditions that led to the decline of the Congress and, second, the challenges—both external and internal—confronting the Congress and, while doing

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Chapitres de livres sur le sujet "External restrictions"

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Conde Belmonte, José Enrique, Ana María Huesca González, and Paloma Villacián Goncer. "Freedom of Movement." In International Series on Public Policy. Springer Nature Switzerland, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-52096-9_10.

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AbstractUsing comparative data from EXCEPTIUS combined with a focus on some typical country cases, this chapter compares the different restrictions to freedom of movement imposed by European countries. The European experience with restrictions on freedom of movement has been incredibly diverse and mixed. In this way, we can see that many EU Member States not only decided to close their external borders and suspend the freedoms linked to the Schengen area (e.g., by closing airports during the first wave), but in some cases limiting or even restricting mobility between municipalities and regions

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Lundborg, Stefan, Khayala Ismayilova, Lars Geschwind, and Anders Broström. "Gilded Cages: Reliance on External Funding in Research." In The Changing Academy – The Changing Academic Profession in International Comparative Perspective. Springer Nature Switzerland, 2025. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-86889-4_4.

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Abstract The increasing dependence on knowledge as a driver of societal development during the twenty-first century has placed the governance of academia in a state of transformation. Increasing pressure for academia to direct the production, proliferation, and utilisation of academic knowledge towards the perceived needs and interests of government, industry and interests groups have manifested themselves in a diverse set of conditions for funding of education and research. For academics in general, and for early career researchers in particular, the result is an increasing dependence on exte

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Bonura, Susanna, Davide Dalle Carbonare, Roberto Díaz-Morales, et al. "Privacy-Preserving Technologies for Trusted Data Spaces." In Technologies and Applications for Big Data Value. Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-78307-5_6.

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AbstractThe quality of a machine learning model depends on the volume of data used during the training process. To prevent low accuracy models, one needs to generate more training data or add external data sources of the same kind. If the first option is not feasible, the second one requires the adoption of a federated learning approach, where different devices can collaboratively learn a shared prediction model. However, access to data can be hindered by privacy restrictions. Training machine learning algorithms using data collected from different data providers while mitigating privacy conce

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Formato, Enrico. "New Urbanization Phenomena and Potential Landscapes: Rhizomatic Grids and Asymmetrical Clusters." In Regenerative Territories. Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-78536-9_8.

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AbstractMore and more nowadays, the Circular Economy is at the heart of European public policies. As a result of the “Next Generation EU” Recovery Plans, a huge amount of financial resources will be available in the coming years to give shape the concept of “ecological transition". For that purpose, radical vision and operational concreteness are needed.In order to strengthen the territorial dimension of public policies aimed at ecological transition, the paper points to consider the status quo of the European territory, looking for recurring elements and differences. In this perspective, a re

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Kerboas, Sarah. "Affermissement d’une dynastie politique, gros chantiers de développement et partenariats renforcés." In L’Asie du Sud-Est 2025. Institut de recherche sur l’Asie du Sud-Est contemporaine, 2025. https://doi.org/10.4000/13g87.

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In 2024, Cambodia’s economic transformation is marked by ambitious infrastructural development, particularly in rural road construction and the Funan Techo’s canal project aimed at enhancing national connectivity and economic independence, largely supported by international aid. Despite this progress, political and governance challenges continue to hinder equitable growth. The Cambodian government remains heavily influenced by elite interests, restricting democratic freedoms, political opposition, and press freedom. This authoritarian environment, under the leadership of Hun Sen and his son Hu

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Pascual, Daniel, Ramón Plo-Alastrué, and Isabel Corona. "Digital Scholarly Practices in Scientific Communication: Paths and Goals in Research Dissemination." In Digital Scientific Communication. Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-38207-9_1.

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AbstractThis chapter has been conceived as a general introduction to the volume Digital Scientific Communication: Identity and Visibility in Research Dissemination. It draws attention to the coexisting models, approaches and practices that are gaining relevance in research dissemination. Many of the key concepts that permeate the analyses presented in the volume are first introduced or revisited here. The final section adds an overview of the contributions, recapitulating the main insights offered for a better understanding of scientific communication. The plurality of approaches presented in

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Nautiyal, P. C., K. Sivasubramaniam, and Malavika Dadlani. "Seed Dormancy and Regulation of Germination." In Seed Science and Technology. Springer Nature Singapore, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-5888-5_3.

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AbstractSeed germination and dormancy are vital components of seed quality; hence, understanding these processes is essential for a sound seed production system. The two processes are closely interrelated and regulated, both by genetic as well as environmental factors. While dormancy provides an inherent mechanism aimed at the survival of the plant species to withstand adverse external conditions by restricting the mature seed from germinating, the ability of the dehydrated seed to remain viable and produce a vigorous seedling upon hydration under favourable conditions is the key to the surviv

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"Effect of External Restrictions." In Housebuilding in Transition. University of California Press, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/jj.8085398.12.

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Rucht, Dieter. "The External Dimension." In Social Movements. Oxford University PressOxford, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198877400.003.0004.

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Abstract The externally-oriented activities of social movements usually take place in the public sphere as a tripartite game of movements, opponents, and audiences. The conflicting parties in this game engage predominantly in strategic action. Related conflicts are power games in which different kinds and sources of power tend to prevail on each side. Discursive power, however, is located on both sides. Conflicts with external actors, most notable authorities and counter movements, not only arise around specific issues but may also include metaconflicts around the general power structure and t

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"Transformative accommodation: utilizing external protections to reduce internal restrictions." In Multicultural Jurisdictions. Cambridge University Press, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/cbo9780511490330.007.

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Actes de conférences sur le sujet "External restrictions"

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Sperling, E. J., D. W. Spencer, and R. E. Price. "In-Place Inspection of Small Diameter Production Pipelines." In CORROSION 1993. NACE International, 1993. https://doi.org/10.5006/c1993-93137.

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Abstract A magnetic flux leakage inspection system has been developed for in-place evaluation of 60mm, 89mm, and 114mm OD (2", 3", and 4" nominal) small diameter pipelines. In the past, size restrictions prevented the in-place inspection of small diameter pipelines. Inspection results have proven the new systems' ability to define the extent and severity of internal and external isolated pitting corrosion, general metal loss corrosion, certain mill defects, and mechanical damage.

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Smith, Greg. "Complicated Siphon Rehab Challenges Pre-Job Planning Process." In Coatings+ 2020. SSPC, 2020. https://doi.org/10.5006/s2020-00062.

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Abstract The Jim Creek siphon is located in the Arapahoe National Forest in Winter Park, Colorado, elevation 9,000 feet. The siphon was constructed as part of the original Moffat Collection System in approximately 1935/1936, commencing operation in 1937. It is a 54-inch diameter steel pipeline that conveys Fraser River water from the Fraser Canal on the south side of the Jim Creek valley to the Jim Creek-Fraser Creek Canal on the north side of Jim Creek valley. The Jim Creek valley floor includes a significant wetlands complex with sensitive terraced beaver ponds, which require protection duri

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Tsaprailis, Haralampos, and Jiajun Liang. "Fitness for Purpose of Low Temperature Cure Liquid-Applied Coating Systems for Pipeline Maintenance." In CORROSION 2017. NACE International, 2017. https://doi.org/10.5006/c2017-09602.

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Abstract In Canada, CSA Z245.30-14 covers the application of shop and field applied external coating systems for below ground steel pipelines. CSA Z245.30-14 was enacted in 2015 when the latest version of CSA Z662 was published. Similar to ISO 28109-3, the CSA Z245.30-14 outlines the testing criteria that liquid applied epoxy and fusion bonded epoxy coatings shall satisfy (Table 1 in CSA Z245.30-14). Pipeline maintenance and repair work can occur during the winter season in certain northern regions in Canada due to the geographical restrictions placed by the local soil condition (e.g., permafr

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Markl, V., M. Zirkel, and R. Bayer. "Processing operations with restrictions in RDBMS without external sorting: the Tetris algorithm." In Proceedings 15th International Conference on Data Engineering (Cat. No.99CB36337). IEEE, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icde.1999.754972.

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Adams, Andrea, and Anthony Mazza. "The Impact of COVID-19 Restrictions on Internship Processes." In 2nd Annual Faculty Senate Research Conference: Higher Education During Pandemics. AIJR Publisher, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.21467/proceedings.135.1.

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Researchers in different disciplines worldwide have documented the direct impacts of the COVID-19 virus (COVID). Along with the direct effects, the impact of COVID restrictions has changed how students use traditional career readiness programs. Moreover, COVID restrictions act as a "career shock" for student job-seekers. Career shocks are extremely disruptive events that cause individuals to rethink career choices and reflect on their career plans. The global implementation of COVID restrictions has arguably created a "universal" career shock beyond the career shock theory's original foci. Exp

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Kardomateas, George A. "Elasticity Solutions for a Sandwich Orthotropic Cylindrical Shell Under External/Internal Pressure, and Axial Load." In ASME 2000 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2000-2036.

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Abstract The elasticity solution is constructed for a cylindrical sandwich shell under external and/or internal pressure and for the same shell under axial load. The solution is an extension of the one for a homogeneous, monolithic shell and is provided in closed form. All three phases, i.e., the two face-sheets and the core are assumed to be orthotropic. Moreover, there are no restrictions as far as the individual thicknesses of the face-sheets and the sandwich construction may even be asymmetric. These solutions can be used as benchmarks for assessing the performance of various sandwich shel

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Rodríguez, Alexis Eduardo, Ruben Joaquin Garay, Magda Liliana Guarín, et al. "Explosive-Free Hydromechanical Perforating Technology Alternative During Plug and Abandonment Operations, for Annulus Connectivity Between Casings, Assures Well Integrity Barriers and Prevents External Casing Damage." In SPE Latin American and Caribbean Petroleum Engineering Conference. SPE, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/213148-ms.

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Abstract This paper presents the implementation of explosive-free hydromechanical perforation technology, run on pipe during plug and abandonment P&A operations, connecting the annulus between casings using blades that cut without affecting the integrity of the external casing and subsequently circulate cement slurry through the perforations in order to establish an effective transverse barrier, mitigating the risk of fluid migration from the wellbore to the external environment. During P&A operations in some fields in Colombia, there are explosive mobilization restrictions, and it is

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Utkin, Victor A., Svetlana A. Krasnova, Sergey A. Kochetkov, and Anton V. Utkin. "Ensuring of invariance of the output variables of linear systems to external unmatched disturbances under restrictions on the state variables and controls." In 2015 International Workshop on Recent Advances in Sliding Modes (RASM 2015). IEEE, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/rasm.2015.7154642.

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Benedikt, Michael, Pierre Bourhis, Louis Jachiet, and Efthymia Tsamoura. "Balancing Expressiveness and Inexpressiveness in View Design." In 17th International Conference on Principles of Knowledge Representation and Reasoning {KR-2020}. International Joint Conferences on Artificial Intelligence Organization, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.24963/kr.2020/12.

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We study the design of data publishing mechanisms that allow a collection of autonomous distributed datasources to collaborate to support queries. A common mechanism for data publishing is via views: functions that expose derived data to users, usually specified as declarative queries. Our autonomy assumption is that the views must be on individual sources, but with the intention of supporting integrated queries. In deciding what data to expose to users, two considerations must be balanced. The views must be sufficiently expressive to support queries that users want to ask -- the utility of th

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Янгаева, Лилия Маратовна, Олеся Шевкетовна Сулейманова, and Вячеслав Александрович Перепёлкин. "MONETARY AND FINANCIAL METHODS OF RISK MANAGEMENT IN COMMERCIAL BANKS." In Высокие технологии и инновации в науке: сборник статей международной научной конференции (Санкт-Петербург, Январь 2023). Crossref, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.37539/230109.2023.67.50.002.

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Данная статья посвящена методам оценки риска банков, направлениям риск-менеджмента в коммерческих банках. В статье отмечаются внутренние и внешние ограничения аппетита и толерантности к риску, рассмотрена система мониторинга, занимающая особое место в процессе управления валютными рисками. This article is devoted to methods for assessing the risk of banks, areas of risk management in commercial banks. The article notes internal and external restrictions on appetite and risk tolerance, considers the monitoring system, which occupies a special place in the process of managing currency risks.

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Rapports d'organisations sur le sujet "External restrictions"

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Tresierra, Julio C. Rights of Indigenous Groups over Natural Resources in Tropical Forests. Inter-American Development Bank, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0011574.

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This study analyzes present-day and historical demographic, socioeconomic, and cultural changes in traditional native groups and in their environment, which have led to a growing loss of ethnic and ecological diversity in the main tropical rainforests of Latin America. The study summarizes actions by external agents that have led to rapid deforestation in recent years and to restrictions on access to forest resources which often lead to confrontation with the affected indigenous communities. In addition, the idea that non-sustainable uses of tropical forests should be determined on a case-to-c

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Kin, Eunjin, Jungyoon Choi, and Sang Yeon Min. Efficacy and safety of herbal medicines external application with Tuina in congenital muscular torticollis : A systematic review and meta-analysis protocol. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2022.1.0017.

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Review question / Objective: By 3 to 4 months of age, infants can keep their necks upright and look into both eyes horizontally. But infants with CMT have a wry neck also known as a twisted neck. Complementary therapies have been commonly used to treat CMT, such as tuina, acupuncture, herbal medicine. Among them, external application of herbal medicine is non-surgical and non-invasive inventions so it can be used widely in East Asia. This review aims to evaluate any form of external application of herbal medicines in CMT, such as cream, oil, extract, form of patch, etc. Information sources: We

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Cerda, Maikol, David Cervantes, Paul Gertler, et al. Covid-19 Pandemic and SMEs' Performance in Latin America. Inter-American Development Bank, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0004720.

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The COVID-19 pandemic generated a large negative external shock to the global economy. Businesses worldwide were affected by economic, health, and mobility restrictions that impacted consumers ability to access goods and services and firms profitability and survival rates. In this paper, we study the economic performance of Latin American MSMEs during the pandemic using disaggregated and high-frequency administrative banking deposits and income data from Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Mexico, Paraguay, and Peru. We observe a sharp short-term decline in firm earnings due to the implementation of lock

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Dutra, Lauren M., James Nonnemaker, Nathaniel Taylor, et al. Visual Attention to Tobacco-Related Stimuli in a 3D Virtual Store. RTI Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.3768/rtipress.2020.rr.0036.2005.

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We used eye tracking to measure visual attention to tobacco products and pro- and anti-tobacco advertisements (pro-ads and anti-ads) during a shopping task in a three-dimensional virtual convenience store. We used eye-tracking hardware to track the percentage of fixations (number of times the eye was essentially stationary; F) and dwell time (time spent looking at an object; DT) for several categories of objects and ads for 30 adult current cigarette smokers. We used Wald F-tests to compare fixations and dwell time across categories, adjusting comparisons of ads by the number of each type of a

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Vescio, Talia, Courtney Walshe, and Rachel Blance-Palmer. A Wellbeing Specialist Case Management Service Providing Support to Students in a University Setting. Journal of the Australian and New Zealand Student Services Association, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.30688/janzssa.2023-1-04.

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Development of the Student Wellbeing Connect (SWBC) service was a response to increased student support needs in the initial stages of the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020. Due to the government-imposed restrictions during the COVID-19 pandemic, students often faced complex psychosocial and wellbeing issues (Dodd et al., 2021). Two years on from its inception, the case management service has become a core component of La Trobe University’s Student Health, Wellbeing and Inclusion services responding to the complex and compounding factors that can impact the wellbeing and success of university students

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Mudryj, Igor, and Igor Ivaneіko. The Use of Small Drilling Equipment in the Arrangement of Pile Foundations in Compressed Conditions. Intellectual Archive, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.32370/ia_2022_09_11.

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The procedure for finding technological parameters for the installation of pile foundations with small-sized drilling rigs, when developing design and technological documentation in compressed construction conditions, is considered. Methodological approaches to the choice of technologies for the construction of pile foundations are shown, depending on the dimensions of the small-sized drilling machines used, the required area for their placement, storage areas, and auxiliary equipment. in compressed conditions of construction. The existing normative documents do not set out separate requiremen

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Ginn, B. J. L51650 The Significance of Local Hard Zones on the Outside of Pipeline Girth Welds-Further Studies. Pipeline Research Council International, Inc. (PRCI), 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.55274/r0010310.

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In an earlier project it was demonstrated that it may be permissible to relax the NACE MR-01-75 (2) hardness restriction of 22HRC maximum for regions of a pipeline girth weld that are not in direct contact with H2S-containing environments. The objective of this report is to provide quantitative data on which permissible relaxations in hardness limits for external local hard zones in pipelines designed for sour service can be made. This report presents additional data to supplement that obtained in a previous PRCI project conducted at TWI. Further pipe materials with differing pipe wall thickne

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Vargas-Herrera, Hernando, Juan Jose Ospina-Tejeiro, Carlos Alfonso Huertas-Campos, et al. Monetary Policy Report - April de 2021. Banco de la República de Colombia, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.32468/inf-pol-mont-eng.tr2-2021.

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1.1 Macroeconomic summary Economic recovery has consistently outperformed the technical staff’s expectations following a steep decline in activity in the second quarter of 2020. At the same time, total and core inflation rates have fallen and remain at low levels, suggesting that a significant element of the reactivation of Colombia’s economy has been related to recovery in potential GDP. This would support the technical staff’s diagnosis of weak aggregate demand and ample excess capacity. The most recently available data on 2020 growth suggests a contraction in economic activity of 6.8%, lowe

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Lazdane, Gunta, Dace Rezeberga, Ieva Briedite, et al. Sexual and reproductive health in the time of COVID-19 in Latvia, qualitative research interviews and focus group discussions, 2020 (in Latvian). Rīga Stradiņš University, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.25143/fk2/lxku5a.

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Qualitative research is focused on the influence of COVID-19 pandemic and restriction measures on sexual and reproductive health in Latvia. Results of the anonymous online survey (I-SHARE) of 1173 people living in Latvia age 18 and over were used as a background in finalization the interview and the focus group discussion protocols ensuring better understanding of the influencing factors. Protocols included 9 parts (0.Introduction. 1. COVID-19 general influence, 2. SRH, 3. Communication with health professionals, 4.Access to SRH services, 5.Communication with population incl. three target grou

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Baudais, Virginie. Military Entrenchment in Mali and Niger: Praetorianism in Retrospect. Stockholm International Peace Research Institute, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.55163/ssww4661.

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Since 2021, SIPRI has been conducting perception surveys in Mali and Niger within the framework of the Just Future programme, funded by CORDAID. Both countries have experienced coups d'état and the conditions for the work have changed radically, particularly in terms of access to fieldwork and information. Although the factors driving each coup are unique to the specific socio-historical contexts, in Mali and Niger the military has long been intertwined with politics. Furthermore, the deterioration of the security situation, caused by the establishment of armed jihadist groups in large parts o

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