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1
Berliner, David C. "The Many Facets of PISA." Teachers College Record: The Voice of Scholarship in Education 117, no. 1 (2015): 1–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/016146811511700117.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Trying to understand PISA is analogous to the parable of the blind men and the elephant. There are many facets of the PISA program, and thus many ways to both applaud and critique this ambitious international program of assessment that has gained enormous importance in the crafting of contemporary educational policy. One of the facets discussed in this paper is the issue of the comparability of the cognitions elicited by items across national and linguistic cultures. Valid interpretations of PISA results cannot proceed without assurance that items across nations are interpreted in the same way. A second facet examined is the association of PISA with economic outcomes for nations, still an unsettled area of importance. A third facet discussed is the search in PISA data for universally applicable instructional techniques, a possible will-o-the-wisp. A fourth facet examined is the differences in cross-national attitudes toward the PISA subjects and how those affect test scores. Given these many facets of the program, a fifth facet that is arguably the most important of all the issues associated with PISA is discussed, namely the interpretation of PISA scores.
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Berliner, David C. "The Many Facets of PISA." Teachers College Record: The Voice of Scholarship in Education 117, no. 1 (2015): 1–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/016146811511700113.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Trying to understand PISA is analogous to the parable of the blind men and the elephant. There are many facets of the PISA program, and thus many ways to both applaud and critique this ambitious international program of assessment that has gained enormous importance in the crafting of contemporary educational policy. One of the facets discussed in this paper is the issue of the comparability of the cognitions elicited by items across national and linguistic cultures. Valid interpretations of PISA results cannot proceed without assurance that items across nations are interpreted in the same way. A second facet examined is the association of PISA with economic outcomes for nations, still an unsettled area of importance. A third facet discussed is the search in PISA data for universally applicable instructional techniques, a possible will-o-the-wisp. A fourth facet examined is the differences in cross-national attitudes toward the PISA subjects and how those affect test scores. Given these many facets of the program, a fifth facet that is arguably the most important of all the issues associated with PISA is discussed, namely the interpretation of PISA scores.
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Cardoso Junior, Moacyr Machado. "Occupational Risks: Perceptual Map Construction using psychometric paradigm and multivariate methods." Independent Journal of Management & Production 9, no. 3 (2018): 750. http://dx.doi.org/10.14807/ijmp.v9i3.712.
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Risk management focus main on technical and rational analysis about operational risks and by those imposed by occupational environment. In this work one looks to contribute to perception study of work safety professionals about a series of activities and environment agents. In this way it was used theory sustained by psychometric paradigm and multivariate analysis tools, mainly multidimensional scaling, generalized Procrustes analysis and facet theory, in order to construct the perceptual map of occupational risks. The results obtained showed that the essential characteristics of risks, which were initially split in 4 facets were detected and maintained in perceptual map. The construction of perceptual map also permitted to verify the formation of a new facet, not considered in the beginning. The facet theory which by hypothesis was used in this work showed adequate, providing the regional interpretation of the map. The inferential analysis realized showed fine results for the final configuration validation, indicating which risks and/or activities belongs to the same facet.
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Vishnu Rao, Sowmya Gujjar, and Madhusudan Astekar. "Elastosonography– A revisited novel facet in dentistry." IP International Journal of Maxillofacial Imaging 10, no. 1 (2024): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.18231/j.ijmi.2024.001.
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UltrasoundElastography/Elastosonography is the non-invasive method of qualitative and quantitative evaluation of strain and elastic modulus distribution in soft tissues. One of the main benefits of ultrasonography is that it is a straightforward, less intrusive procedure. A general understanding of the underlying principles could benefit the entire process of data acquisition and interpretation, enhancing the USE reproducibility. The present review will highlight the topographies of the novel method and it is used in dentistry.
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Onopchenko, Iryna. "PSYCHOLOGICAL VALIDATION AND CULTURAL INTERPRETATION OF THE QUESTIONNAIRE “THE WORKAHOLISM FACET-BASED SCALE” (WFBS)." Scientific Notes of Ostroh Academy National University: Psychology Series 1, no. 9 (2019): 92–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.25264/2415-7384-2019-9-92-96.
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Shapira, Zur, and Eli Zevulun. "Performance Ratings in Organizations: A Facet Analysis Interpretation of the Multitrait-Multirater Approach." Multivariate Behavioral Research 24, no. 2 (1989): 209–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1207/s15327906mbr2402_5.
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Vassilopoulos, Stephanos P., and Robin Banerjee. "Social Interaction Anxiety and the Discounting of Positive Interpersonal Events." Behavioural and Cognitive Psychotherapy 38, no. 5 (2010): 597–609. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1352465810000433.
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Background: Recent research has indicated that individuals with social interaction anxiety make biased interpretations of positive social interactions, with greater general apprehension in response to such events and more negative predictions about the future. There has also been some preliminary evidence for a second facet of interpretation bias, namely a failure to accept others’ positive reactions at face value, but this has so far not been adequately studied. Method: The present study developed a new measure of this “discounting” dimension and utilized a nonclinical sample of undergraduate students to provide an initial analysis of the scale. Results: Results provide early support for the psychometric properties of our scale, and indicate that discounting mediates the relationship between social interaction anxiety and low positive affect, over and above the previously studied aspect of positive event interpretation bias. Conclusions: The implications for treatment interventions and further research are discussed.
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Vekilov, Peter G., Lisa A. Monaco, and Franz Rosenberger. "Facet morphology response to nonuniformities in nutrient and impurity supply. I. Experiments and interpretation." Journal of Crystal Growth 156, no. 3 (1995): 267–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0022-0248(95)00240-5.
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Schmitz-Hübsch, Alina, and Ron Becker. "A unified valence scale based on diagnosis of facial expressions." Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting 66, no. 1 (2022): 1056–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1071181322661500.
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Affect-adaptive systems detect the emotional user state, assess it against the current situation, and adjust interaction accordingly. Tools for real-time emotional state detection, like the Emotient FACET engine (Littlewort et al., 2011), are based on the analysis of facial expressions. When developing affect-adaptive systems, output from the diagnostic engine must be mapped onto theoretical models of emotion. The Circumplex Model of Affect (Russell, 1980) describes emotion on two dimensions: valence and arousal. However, FACET offers three classifiers for valence: positive, neutral, and negative valence. The present study aimed at developing an algorithm that converts these into a unified valence scale. We used FACET to analyze valence-labeled images from the AffectNet database. In a multiple regression analysis, FACET classifier values predicted database valence and explained 38% of the variance. By inserting classifier values into the regression equation, a unified valence scale can be calculated that matches dimensional models of emotion. This research forms the groundwork for adaptation of the emotional user state based on the FACET engine. A future affect-adaptive system can now use the FACET engine to detect the emotional user state on a unified valence dimension, which allows for distinct classification and interpretation of emotions.
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Bar Nes, Alice. "The Psychoanalytic Mystic and the Interpretive Word." Journal of the American Psychoanalytic Association 70, no. 5 (2022): 903–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/00030651221124803.
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Explicit and implicit psychoanalytic assumptions concerning the analytic cure include the old “insight/interpretation” versus “relation/experience” duality. A synthesis of these two stances, grounded in recognition of the long denied yet central mystical facet of psychoanalysis and the crucial role of words in the “talking cure” that psychoanalysis still is, recognizes these two aspects of psychoanalysis—mystical communication through psychic overlap and interpretive words—as deeply interdependent. Analytic interpretations emerge from the depths of a mystical experience of psychic unity (as well as separateness) resulting from, but also creating, the patient-therapist caesura. Words shape the contour of this closeness-separateness matrix on which psychoanalysis depends. Moreover, the moment of insight into the psychic reality of the other is shown to often depend on crossing the threshold of the nonverbal toward consciousness and language. Constant movement between verbalization and the nonverbal is illustrated with clinical vignettes stressing the interplay of the mystical and the symbolized, of interpretation and intuition.
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CHUNG, Ho Yin. "MRI Workshop for Axial Spondyloarthritis 2023 Interpretation of MRI Spine." Journal of Clinical Rheumatology and Immunology 23, Supp01 (2023): 5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s266134172374005x.
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Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the spine is a frequent investigation for low back pain (LBP). Applications in axial spondyloarthritis (SpA) include diagnosis and assessment of disease activity. Sacroiliitis on MRI is a known diagnostic criterion. Other MRI lesions such as corner inflammatory lesions (CIL) and fatty corner lesions (FCL) may have potential roles in aiding diagnosis 1 , 2 and in predicting the formation of syndesmophytes. Facet joint and costovertebral lesions are associated with limited spinal mobility and functional impairment 3 . Other lesions described include discovertebral lesions (DVL), Modic type I and II lesions. Identification of individual lesions helps rheumatologists to understand disease progression and guide treatment.
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Bindal, Saurabh. "The Quest for Appropriate Jurisdiction: Clash between Indian Patent and Competition Law." World Competition 35, Issue 4 (2012): 693–702. http://dx.doi.org/10.54648/woco2012051.
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The Indian Patent Act, 1970 and the Indian Competition Act, 2002, both provide measures to curb anti-competitive practices.1 The Competition Act, 2002, provides a forum, which is quite dissimilar to that provided by the Indian Patent Act for the redressal of grievances pertaining to anti-competitive practices involved in exploitation of patents. Harmonious interpretation of different legislations is a fundamental tenet of the principle of interpretation of statutes. It has now been fairly established that the Laws dealing with intellectual property deal with establishment of rights whereas the competition law deals with the existence of rights. The leitmotif of this article is not to regurgitate the scholarly writings on the intersection between Intellectual Property Rights and the Competition law. This article aspires to provide a facet of the clash between the Patent Act and the Competition Act in searching the appropriate forum having jurisdiction to address issues pertaining to both the domains. It ends with a picture in which the author has endeavoured to provide possible solutions for untying the Gordian knot. Interpretation of statutes has served as a useful tool for the authors foray into unchartered territories defined under the article. Since, the Indian jurisprudence on the subject at issue has not yet been fully developed, this article, quotes some possible interpretations which might assist in building a legal jurisprudence.
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Bondeli, Julia V., Malena Ingemansson Havenvid, and Hans Solli-Sæther. "Placing social capital in business networks: conceptualisation and research agenda." Journal of Business & Industrial Marketing 33, no. 8 (2018): 1100–1113. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jbim-12-2017-0324.
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Purpose This paper aims to refine conceptual treatment of the social facet in business relationships and reinforce its significance in the industrial marketing and purchasing (IMP) research tradition by integrating the concept of social capital in its original interpretation into the actor-resource-activity (ARA) model. Design/methodology/approach The paper begins by indicating some typical conceptual challenges associated with application of social capital in IMP. This is followed by a conceptual clarification that explores the origin and the essence of social capital in economic sociology. Finally, the paper proposes integrating social capital in its original interpretation into IMP’s ARA model and presents four propositions on how social capital is created in interaction between business actors. Findings The paper shows how bridging Bourdieu’s theory of social capital with the IMP approach may solve the identified conceptual challenges. This paper’s main contribution is a cyclical model depicting how social capital is created in business networks. It is integrated into the ARA model and designed specifically for studying the social facet of business relationships. Research limitations/implications The paper is expected to aid IMP researchers in empirical contexts where the social component in business relationships is particularly prominent. As such, the novel approach presented could be used to further understand how social exchange processes are related to relationship governance, relationship initiation and development. Originality/value The proposed model shows how social capital is generated through the dynamic interplay in the social facets of actor, activity and resource dimensions, emphasising its creation dynamics. The model integrates insights from the classic works in economic sociology to strengthen the social side of IMP’s socioeconomic interface and is intended to be used as a tool for empirical application.
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I.V., Nemchenko. "MARINE DIMENSION OF DMYTRO SHUPTA’S STANZAS COLLECTION “AUTUMN FACET”." South archive (philological sciences), no. 86 (June 29, 2021): 28–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.32999/ksu2663-2691/2021-86-4.
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Purpose. Many writers from various epochs and countries have been admirers and propagandists of marine literature. The article examines the marine motifs and images of the Ukrainian poet Dmуtro Shupta’s lyrics in the early 21st century. The purpose of the work is to analyze the marine space in his stanzas collection “Autumn facet”.Methods. The elements of the following methods are used in the research: aesthetic (allows analyzing each text as a phenomenon of literature and art), hermeneutic (ensures free and open interpretation of texts with the possibility for new explanations), biographic (helps to describe autobiographic features in the writer’s literary works), intermedial (systematization of various elements of marine, musical and artistic presence in the lyrics of the poet), comparative (provides wide possibilities for the coverage of interdependence between poetry, music and painting micro-images), intertextual (links between writer’s poems and folklore songs and literary tradition), textual analysis (for coverage of the main motifs of stanzas collection). The research is based on the general method of analysis, synthesis, observation, selection and systematization of the material.Results. The effect of a hero’s co-living with the environment depicted by the author, with the marine environment in particular, is characteristic of D. Shupta’s stanzas collection “Autumn facet”. The article finds out that the Ukrainian writer has delicate understanding of music and painting, and can embody it in his own marine texts, combining different artistic elements. He uses auditory, visual and tactile impressions. Marine motifs and images of the literary works of D. Shupta play an important role in the creation of the artistic image of the world by verbal means. Marine space in his interpretation is a symbol of the nature and the world of human passions and life difficulties, their creative sources and ruinous essence. Shupta’s marine works combine real and fairy plans, have characteristics of legends, tales and mysteries. Close relations between the writer’s marine poetry and Ukrainian folklore songs and literary traditions are traced in the article.Conclusions. D. Shupta’s stanzas collection «Autumn facet» is an original artistic work on the crossing of literary, musical and descriptive imagery. The author presents different variants of stanzas, proposes many marine motifs, images, attributes, his own vision of the sea in its power and beauty. The collection confirms that the poet appertains to the best representatives of the national and the world marine literature.Key words: motif, image, metaphor, symbol, poetry, music, painting. Мета. Морська тематика є однією з найулюбленіших у доробку багатьох митців різних часів і країн – шанувальників і пропагандистів літературної мариністики. У статті розглядаються морські мотиви та образи в творчості українського поета Дмитра Шупти початку ХХІ століття. Метою нашої статті є висвітлення особливостей художнього осмислення мариністично-го простору письменником у його збірці стансів «Осіння грань».Методи. У статті використано елементи таких методів: естетичного (забезпечує розгляд творів митця як літературно-мистецького феномену), герменевтичного (пропонується вільна інтерпретація текстів із можливістю подальших витлумачень), біографічного (простежуються риси автобіографізму в поезіях співця), інтермедіального (здійснюється систематизація різноманітних мариністичних, музичних, живописних елементів, наявних у текстах поета), компаративного (висвітлюються взаємозалежності та взаємовпливи між поетичними, музичними, живописними мікрообразами), інтертекстуального (звертається увага на зв’язки між віршами митця та українським фольклором і літературною традицією), текстуального аналізу (застосовується для окреслення провідних мотивів cтансової збірки). Дослідження засноване на загальнонауковій методиці аналізу, синтезу, спостереження, добору та систематизації матеріалу.Результати. Для ліричної збірки Дмитра Шупти «Осіння грань» характерним є ефект органічного вживання героя в зображуване автором середовище й це насамперед мариністичний світ. Цей нерозривний зв’язок український письменник, який тонко розуміє музику і живопис, уміє передавати через переплетіння елементів різних мистецьких стихій. Він майстерно використовує слухові, зорові враження. Морські мотиви та образи виконують важливу функцію у творенні автором художньої картини світу. Мариністичний простір у поета символізує й природну стихію, й амплітуду людських почуттів, і складний вир життя, і творче начало, і руйнівну сутність. У мариністичних замальовках збірки Д. Шупти поєднуються реальний і феєричний плани, дійсність переплітається з легендою, казкою, містичними уявленнями. У статті простежено зв’язки між віршами письменника-мариніста та українським фольклором і літературною традицією. Висновки. Збірка стансів Дмитра Шупти «Осіння грань» є самобутнім мистецьким витвором, що заснований на перехресті літературної, музичної та живописної образності. Варіюючи різні стансові форми, видозмінюючи найрізноманітніші мариністичні мотиви, образи, атрибутику, автор зумів передати своє власне бачення моря у всій його cилі та красі. Збірка потверджує належність митця до найяскравіших представників вітчизняної і світової літературної мариністики. Ключові слова: мотив, образ, метафора, символ, поезія, музика, живопис.
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SPENCER, HAMISH G., and DIANE B. PAUL. "The failure of a scientific critique: David Heron, Karl Pearson and Mendelian eugenics." British Journal for the History of Science 31, no. 4 (1998): 441–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0007087498003392.
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The bitterness and protracted character of the biometrician–Mendelian debate has long aroused the interest of historians of biology. In this paper, we focus on another and much less discussed facet of the controversy: competing interpretations of the inheritance of mental defect. Today, the views of the early Mendelians, such as Charles B. Davenport and Henry H. Goddard, are universally seen to be mistaken. Some historians assume that the Mendelians' errors were exposed by advances in the science of genetics. Others believe that their mistakes could have been identified by contemporaries. Neither interpretation takes account of the fact that the lapses for which the Mendelian eugenicists are now notorious were, in fact, mostly identified at the time by the biometricians David Heron and Karl Pearson. In this paper we ask why their objections had so little impact. We think the answer illustrates an important general point about the social prerequisites for effective scientific critique.
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Russell, Brian E. "The Development of a Guitar Performance Rating Scale using a Facet-Factorial Approach." Bulletin of the Council for Research in Music Education, no. 184 (April 1, 2010): 21–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/27861480.
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Abstract The purpose of this study was to identify the underlying aural factors of guitar performance by developing a guitar performance rating scale using facet-factorial techniques. The initial phase of the study included gathering items concerning the characteristics of a good or poor guitar performance from guitar performance literature, previously constructed rating scales, and statements from professional guitar players, guitar teachers, and college guitar majors. The item pool of statements was examined for suitability and placed into a priori categories established in previous research. The 99 item statements were paired with a five-point Likert scale and used by 67 volunteer judges to adjudicate 100 recorded samples of a wide range of guitar performance excerpts. The results of the 134 item pool adjudications were factor analyzed using a varimax rotation to identify the underlying factor structure and the items that best supported each factor. The results of the factor analysis yielded a five-factor structure consisting of interpretation, tone, technique, rhythm/tempo, and intonation. These factors accounted for approximately 71% of the total variance. The selection of the 32 items chosen to represent the factors of the Guitar Performance Rating Scale (GPRS) was based on factor loadings. Alpha reliability for the GPRS was estimated at .962 for the 32 item scale.
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Cassella, Antonio. "The Psychological Roots of Creativity in Messages Left by Leonardo da Vinci, Giorgio Vasari, and a Neanderthal Troglodyte." Journal of Arts and Humanities 5, no. 8 (2016): 12. http://dx.doi.org/10.18533/journal.v5i8.966.
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<p>The perfect memory that informs our local autistic facet is insufficient to deal with the unforeseen change that challenges our nonlocal artistic facet. The loss of quantum nonlocality leads autistics to fail tests rooted in overcoming the less-than-perfect ambiguity that elicits our creativity. The psychological structure by which perfect memory and less-than-perfect creativity empower each other remains in darkness. This article broaches the hypothesis that Leonardo da Vinci envisioned the union of local perfection and nonlocal less-than-perfection, and that he hid his insight in the Adoration of the Magi. Leonardo’s knowledge - expressed here as the logos heuristic—guides a psychological interpretation of the smile of Mona Lisa; of the four avatars of the Vitruvian Man; of the recognition and location of Leonardo’s unknown painting Natività; of the exact location of his lost work, Battaglia di Anghiari; and of a 39,000-year-old abstract engraving in Gorham’s cave at Gibraltar. Logos can be used to single out local, nonlocal computing, and their alliance in pursuing a humanistic path to progress.</p>
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Fraser, C. G., and R. Singer. "Better laboratory evaluations of instruments and kits are required." Clinical Chemistry 31, no. 5 (1985): 667–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/clinchem/31.5.667.
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Abstract There are many published protocols for evaluating instruments and reagent-kit sets, and a plethora of papers describe the results of evaluations performed. It might be assumed, therefore, that this facet of clinical chemistry has no problems, but examination of evaluations of instruments published in the first half of 1984 shows flaws in some aspects of experimental design and execution, statistical analysis, and interpretation of data. We believe that clinical chemists, manufacturers and suppliers, and journal editors and referees can all contribute to improvement of this situation, and we suggest some guidelines for each of these groups.
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Chen, Chao-Hong, and Ying-ping Chen. "Convergence Time Analysis of Particle Swarm Optimization Based on Particle Interaction." Advances in Artificial Intelligence 2011 (January 19, 2011): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2011/204750.
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We analyze the convergence time of particle swarm optimization (PSO) on the facet of particle interaction. We firstly introduce a statistical interpretation of social-only PSO in order to capture the essence of particle interaction, which is one of the key mechanisms of PSO. We then use the statistical model to obtain theoretical results on the convergence time. Since the theoretical analysis is conducted on the social-only model of PSO, instead of on common models in practice, to verify the validity of our results, numerical experiments are executed on benchmark functions with a regular PSO program.
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Buell, Denise Kimber. "Producing Descent/Dissent: Clement of Alexandria's Use of Filial Metaphors as Intra-Christian Polemic." Harvard Theological Review 90, no. 1 (1997): 89–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0017816000006192.
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In the second century, Christians vied with each other to produce an authoritative discourse on Christian identity. Some early Christians deployed historically- and culturally-specific notions of procreation and kinship in their struggles with each other over claims to represent the truth of Christian biblical interpretation, practices, and doctrine. The extant writings of the late second-century Christian author Clement of Alexandria offer a generous range of contexts for exploring the nuances of this practice. This study comprises one facet of a larger investigation into early Christian use of procreative and kinship imagery in discourses about Christian identity in the second century CE.
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Calvillo, Juan Carlos. "Portrait in a Convex Mirror: Seeing Dickinson in Contemporary Spanish-Language Poetry." Emily Dickinson Journal 32, no. 1 (2023): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/edj.2023.a902808.
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Abstract: In the Spanish-speaking world, there are four primary ways in which authors have sought, like Thomas Wentworth Higginson, to take Emily Dickinson by the hand as they try to understand her, eager to communicate her strength to others who are distant from her in space and time and language. Listed in order of closeness and level of interpretation, these four methods or interactions are translation, conversation or dedication, reinterpretation, and influence. This essay studies examples of each and in tracing these varieties of literary transmission explores an important facet of what Dickinson meant when she spoke of circumference.
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Bergling, Barbro M. "Constructing Items Measuring Logical Operational Thinking: Facet Design-Based Item Construction Using Multiple Categories Scoring." European Journal of Psychological Assessment 14, no. 2 (1998): 172–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1027/1015-5759.14.2.172.
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The development and application of test items of logical operational thinking are described. Twelve classical Piagetian experiments were transformed into objective test items using Guttman's facet design. In the item construction the response options received such a theoretical underpinning and form that they were considered to represent in a prototypical way all three operational levels, allowing interpretation of hypothetical reasoning strategies behind the student's choice of alternative. The items in multiple-choice format were given to four samples of Swedish students as a national option of the Second IEA Science Study: 1322 students in Grade 3, 1423 in Grade 4, 784 in Grade 7, and 725 in Grade 8. Twenty-two items were administered, of which 5 were specific for Grades 3 and 4, and 5 specific for Grades 7 and 8. The Rasch partial credit model was applied in order to take into account the information in all response options. Fifteen items in Grades 3 and 4, and 18 items in Grades 7 and 8 showed acceptable fit to the measurement model. The overall mean-square fit statistics were in accordance with model expectations.
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Welshons, W. J., and H. J. Welshons. "SUPPRESSION OF THE FACET-STRAWBERRY POSITION EFFECT IN DROSOPHILA BY LESIONS ADJACENT TO NOTCH." Genetics 110, no. 3 (1985): 465–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/genetics/110.3.465.
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ABSTRACT The recessive visible rough eye mutant effect of faswb, a small deletion at the 5' end of the Notch locus, is suppressed when faswb is coupled to five different closely linked deficiencies distal to salivary band 3C7. In addition, an inversion with a proximal breakpoint between 3C3 and 3C5 similarly suppresses the mutant effect. The data support the position effect interpretation of faswb: The small deletion allows functions distal to Notch to interfere with functions at Notch, and when the interference is eliminated, the faswb-mutant effect disappears.—The faswb deletion also interacts with another recessive visible rough-eye mutant at Notch called fag. In the cis condition, faswb fag double mutants have a mutant-eye phenotype like fag (similar to the mutant effect of faswb) and, in addition, express an accessory phenotype (thickened wing veins). Although the mutant-eye effect of faswb can be suppressed by lesions adjacent to Notch, the accessory phenotype of the coupled mutants is not suppressed. It is suggested that the faswb deletion has two observable effects: One is a modifiable position effect causing the faswb rough-eye phenotype; the other is a stable effect exerted upon a 5-kb insertion that is the probable cause of the fag mutant expression, thus resulting in a wing effect that accompanies the eye effect of fag.
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Parry, Glyn. "William Harrison and the Two Churches in Elizabethan Puritan Thinking." Journal of Ecclesiastical History 36, no. 3 (1985): 370–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022046900041154.
Texte intégralRésumé :
There are currently two approaches to the perennial problem of characterising Elizabethan puritanism. Successive attempts to establish a general taxonomy have failed to describe the historical diversity of puritan thinking. Recently the variable contemporary meanings of the epithet ‘puritan’ have been emphasised.1 Neither approach advances our understanding of reforming ideas within the Elizabethan Church, because the first tries to make individuals conform to type and the second limits the usefulness of the term ‘puritan’ in historical discussion. Both approaches ignore important facets of the intellectual environment of puritanism, particularly the contemporary historical vision. The present study offers an alternative approach to the problem through an analysis of the religious mentality revealed in the writings of William Harrison. It argues that Harrison's works reveal some of the underlying assumptions of puritan thinking. By comparing Harrison's thought with that of some radical and conformist contemporaries, it attempts to show that a distinctive historical interpretation, and the application of that interpretation to contemporary conditions, provide a consistent index to puritanism. Analysis of Harrison's thought suggests that, for radicals, divinely inspired faith and knowledge were transmitted through the past, providing a universally normative truth whose criteria could be used to evaluate contemporary circumstances. This truth, which directed every facet of life, establishing the limits of the individual's interests, of his knowledge and of its application, was centred in Israel. To depart from its criteria was to lapse into Gentilism.
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Sapo, Rocel S., Sheena Mae M. Camalla, Anne Raffielle M. Culubong, et al. "Language Functions of Bikol Proverbs in Facet of Conformity and Non-Conformity to Social Norms." Journal of English Education Forum (JEEF) 4, no. 2 (2024): 79–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.29303/jeef.v4i2.673.
Texte intégralRésumé :
This research study used Pragmatics to examine the language functions of Bikol Proverbs, explore their connections, and understand their importance in the lives of the participants. Specifically, it sought to 1) identify the proverbial expressions that the respondents were familiar with, 2) determine those proverbial expressions that they conformed to and non-conformed from, 3) determine the speech act present in the proverbs, and 4) examine the effects of the proverbial expressions on conformity and non-conformity to social norms. Data was collected through semi-structured interviews and triangulated to strengthen the analysis. An audit trail was utilized to ensure the accuracy and reliability of the findings and to eliminate any bias in the interpretation of the data. The results revealed that the participants had a strong affinity for Bikol proverbs, believing that conforming to these proverbial expressions would shape their lifestyle, moral principles, and standard of living. These proverbs have a significant influence in improving the lifestyle, moral principles, and standard of living of Bikolanos and in instilling values in the younger generation. The preservation of Bikol proverbs, particularly this oral tradition, is recommended for the benefit of locals to value their ancestral heritage including cultural identity, values, and traditions.
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Shvarts, Maxim Z., and Andrey A. Soluyanov. "Improved Concentration Capabilities of Flat-Plate Fresnel Lenses." Advances in Science and Technology 74 (October 2010): 188–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ast.74.188.
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This paper presents an experience in designing, manufacturing and testing the Fresnel lenses (FLs) for sunlight concentration in photovoltaic modules with multi-junction solar cells (SCs). A power ray tracing model is used for calculating and optimizing refractive profile parameters and obtaining optical-power characteristics (OPCs) of Fresnel lenses. In searching the optimum combination of the lens aperture, its focal distance and profile configuration, the optimization criterion was the maximum of the average sunlight concentration at high optical efficiency in the focal spot of minimum size. Analysis of characteristics of circular Fresnel lenses with conical (the facet generating lines are straight ones) and curvilinear (the facet generating lines are curved ones) refracting surfaces has been carried out. The effect material parameters on the lens optical efficiency were studied. Molds for Fresnel lens formation and experimental specimens were fabricated and a control of their profile parameters has been done. A degree of the effect of the light flux characteristics and Fresnel lens geometrical imperfections on validity of the experimental data interpretation has been examined. The correction procedure have been applied in the calculation model to establish the lens optical efficiency values at standard irradiance conditions.
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Kumar, Rohan, Rathinam Anbalagan, Ankita Agarwal, and K. Khusulio. "Landslide Hazard Zonation of Tehri Reservoir Rim Area Using Modified LHEF Rating Scheme." E3S Web of Conferences 453 (2023): 01050. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202345301050.
Texte intégralRésumé :
The study aimed to utilize the capabilities of geospatial technology for landslide hazard evaluation factor (LHEF) scheme recorded in the Bureau of Indian Standard (BIS) code to prepare a landslide hazard zonation (LHZ) map of the Tehri reservoir rim area at the macro-scale. Multisource remote sensing data were visually and digitally interpreted to produces thematic layers and slope facet as recorded in BIS method. LHEF method is suited for meso and macro scale mapping thus, to broaden the scope of LHEF scheme, novel approaches were adopted namely, the mapping unit ‘slope facet’ was more precisely extracted through digital and visual interpretation of remote sensing data, the structural favorability map was extracted using photo-lineament density criteria. Additionally, two external factors, rainfall and seismicity were incorporated in LHEF rating scheme and used a matrix-based system to propose their combined rating. With the modified LHEF rating scheme, we have succeeded in identifying LHZ with reasonable accuracy. The bar chart method used to validate LHZ results that clearly indicated a high number of landslides falling in high to very high hazard zone conversely, very few landslides observed in low to very low hazard zone identified from current approach.
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Elvira, Melly, Heri Retnawati, Eli Rohaeti, and Syamsir Sainuddin. "Measurement of Students' Chemistry Practicum Skills Using Many Facets Rash Model." European Journal of Educational Research 12, no. 3 (2023): 1297–315. http://dx.doi.org/10.12973/eu-jer.12.3.1297.
Texte intégralRésumé :
<p style="text-align: justify;">The accuracy of assessing the capabilities of the process and product in chemical practice activities requires appropriate measurement procedures to be followed. It is crucial to identify the components that can introduce bias while measuring student abilities during the measurement process. This study aims to identify the components or criteria used by teachers to assess student performance in practicum activities and analyze the quality of the rubrics developed. The study was conducted with the participation of three raters, 27 high school students, and nine assessment criteria. A quantitative descriptive approach was employed using the many-facet Rasch model (MFRM) analysis for measurement. The results of the MFRM analysis show no significant measurement bias, with data measurement facets fitting the MFRM model. The reliability of all the facets meets the criteria, and the scale predictor functions appropriately. While all students can easily pass four out of nine items, five items can only be partially passed by students. The assessment criteria that require special attention include communication skills, tools and assembly, interpretation, cleanliness, and accuracy when performing practicums. These criteria provide feedback for teachers and students to ensure successful practicum activities. The Discussion section of this study delves into the findings and their implications.</p>
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Mu’in, Fathul, Faisal Faisal, Arif Fikri, Habib Shulton Asnawi, and M. Anwar Nawawi. "THE PRACTICE OF SUBSTITUTE HAIRS IN INDONESIAN RELIGIOUS COURT: Restricted Interpretation." Al-Ahwal: Jurnal Hukum Keluarga Islam 16, no. 1 (2023): 141. http://dx.doi.org/10.14421/ahwal.2023.16107.
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As part of reformation outcomes, the substitute heir in Islamic inheritance law has been long heeded by Indonesian jurists. However, amidst the facet of the traditional scheme, Indonesian Religious Court judges (judex factie) have not shared the same implementation of this succession. This article endeavors to examine the practice of substitute heir in the field. Relies on the Religious Court decisions as the primary source, this article argues that the norm of substitute heir (Article 185 of The Compilation of Islamic Law) has been implemented restrictedly according to The Compilation and the Supreme Court consensus. Restricted interpretation means the descendants of the pre-deceased side-relative was not accounted as substitute heir. It implies that the state reformation attempt in Islamic inheritance law has not come into play in the way the state desires.[Sebagai bagian dari hasil reformasi, substitute heir dalam hukum waris Islam telah lama diperhatikan oleh para ahli hukum Indonesia. Namun, di tengah sisi skema tradisional, hakim Pengadilan Agama Indonesia (judex factie) belum memiliki kesamaan pelaksanaan suksesi ini. Artikel ini mencoba mengkaji praktek penerapan substitute heir di lapangan. Berpijak pada putusan Pengadilan Agama sebagai sumber data utama, artikel ini berargumen bahwa norma substitute heir (Pasal 185 Kompilasi Hukum Islam) telah dilaksanakan secara terbatas menurut Kompilasi dan konsensus Mahkamah Agung. Penafsiran terbatas berarti keturunan dari kerabat menyamping yang telah meninggal dunia terlebih dahulu tidak diperhitungkan sebagai substitute heir. Ini menyiratkan bahwa upaya reformasi negara dalam hukum waris Islam belum diterapkan sesuai yang diinginkan negara.]
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Mpanza, Sinakhokonke, and Pfano Mashau. "The nature of investment climate through a facet of public investment: The emerging market case." Corporate Governance and Organizational Behavior Review 6, no. 4, special issue (2022): 374–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.22495/cgobrv6i4sip17.
Texte intégralRésumé :
The purpose of this article is to table the nature of investment climate through a perspective of public investment. The investment climate of a city is the responsibility of the city’s municipal management (Biyase & Rooderick, 2018). Thus, this article provides insight into public investment in order to highlight the public sector’s role to ensure a good investment climate. The article focuses on KwaZulu-Natal secondary cities, particularly Newcastle and the City of uMhlathuze (Richards Bay). This article followed a qualitative approach. Data was collected through semi-structured interviews. Thematic data analysis was adopted with the aid of NVivo version 12. Analysis and interpretation of the result are presented through models developed from NVivo. The key finding of this article discusses investment climate in secondary cities through the lance of the public sector’s role in attracting investment by packaging effective investment incentives, planning and executing programs and projects to attract and retain investment, and targeting countries for inflow foreign direct investment based on the city’s sectors, not political diplomacy. Moreover, key findings reveal that each of the identified cities has autonomous independence to package their own investment incentives to advance their investment climate. Respondents pointed out that Richards Bay has an industrial development zone that is aimed at attracting investors across the globe. Furthermore, respondents highlighted that the city has investment incentives, but they are not applicable to the city.
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Oduro-Okyireh, G., K. Asamoah-Gyimah, T. Oduro-Okyireh, and R. M. Nugba. "Reliability of Students’ Teaching Practice Scores Using Generalizability Theory." AFRICAN JOURNAL OF APPLIED RESEARCH 10, no. 1 (2024): 57–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.26437/ajar.v10i1.666.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Purpose: The aim was to demonstrate the potency of using Generalisability Theory (GT) over Classical Test Theory (CTT) in reliability estimation. The objectives are to find the major source of error in the Intern Teaching Evaluation Form (ITEF) scores and to identify the optimum number of occasions of rating of teaching practice that would give the most reliable scores. Design/ Methodology/ Approach: A random effects one-facet fully crossed design in which intern (p) was fully crossed with occasion (o) was adopted for the study. In all, 9,082 bachelor’s degree teaching practice triplicate scores for three academic years from 2015/2016 to 2017/2018 were analysed in this study. A univariate generalisability analysis with EduG was performed to analyse data. Findings: The finding for relative interpretation, the scores were strongly reliable. For absolute interpretation, the scores were moderate to strongly dependable. The major source of error in the ITEF scores was the p x o interaction combined with unidentified sources. Research Limitation/Implications: A firm conclusion on one major source of error being a single facet in the ITEF scores could not be made. Practical Implication: The level of reliability and the optimum scoring design of the ITEF established by this study will aid in selecting the ITEF by teacher training institutions in Ghana for evaluation of teaching practice to train pre-service teachers for effective curriculum implementation to achieve national educational aims. Social Implication: Reliable evaluation data can inform policy decisions related to teacher certification, professional development, and educational standards. Policymakers can use this data to develop evidence-based policies that support teacher quality and student achievement. Originality/ Value: It has unearthed the psychometric properties and the ideal scoring design of the ITEF which were hitherto unknown.
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VALLANCE, EDWARD. "OATHS, CASUISTRY, AND EQUIVOCATION: ANGLICAN RESPONSES TO THE ENGAGEMENT CONTROVERSY." Historical Journal 44, no. 1 (2001): 59–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0018246x01001662.
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This article addresses a neglected facet of a familiar political debate, the contribution of Anglican royalist writers to the Engagement controversy. A new interpretation of the core issues at stake in the debate is offered by focusing on these Anglican responses. The work of Quentin Skinner, Margaret Judson, and John Wallace concentrated on the discussion of the duty of obedience to de facto powers. This article contends, however, that it was a debate over the nature of oaths and the lawfulness of taking apparently contradictory sworn promises which was at the heart of the controversy. Writers offered competing interpretations of the bond of oaths and covenants, the supporters of the Rump claiming that they were conditional and dependent for the obligation on circumstantial considerations, the Engagement's opponents claiming that these sworn bonds were non-reciprocal and indissoluble. In this debate both pro- and anti-Engagement authors used casuistic arguments to urge their readers either to take or to refuse the declaration of loyalty to the Commonwealth. Yet, whilst in print Anglicans had counselled against subscribing, in two manuscript cases of conscience they allowed correspondents to take the Engagement.
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IMBIHL, R. "TURING STRUCTURES IN CATALYTIC SURFACE REACTIONS: THE FACETTING OF Pt(110) IN CO + O2." Modern Physics Letters B 06, no. 09 (1992): 493–505. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217984992000570.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Exposing a Pt(110) surface to catalytic CO oxidation causes the development of a regular facet pattern of microscopic dimensions which has been identified as a dissipative structure of the Turing type. The primary step in the facetting process is considered to be the [Formula: see text] phase transition which is also responsible for the occurrence of kinetic oscillations in the same system. This interpretation was confirmed in a Monte Carlo simulation which was based on the Langmuir-Hinshelwood mechanism of catalytic CO oxidation and the properties of the surface phase transition. Thus a detailed microscopic description is available for the process by which a Turing structure is formed during a surface reaction.
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Shye, Samuel, and Ido Haber. "Challenge Theory: The Structure and Measurement of Risky Binary Choice Behavior." Applied Economics and Finance 7, no. 4 (2020): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.11114/aef.v7i4.4845.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Challenge Theory (Shye & Haber 2015; 2020) has demonstrated that a newly devised challenge index (CI) attributable to every binary choice problem predicts the popularity of the bold option, the one of lower probability to gain a higher monetary outcome (in a gain problem); and the one of higher probability to lose a lower monetary outcome (in a loss problem). In this paper we show how Facet Theory structures the choice-behavior concept-space and yields rationalized measurements of gambling behavior. The data of this study consist of responses obtained from 126 student, specifying their preferences in 44 risky decision problems. A Faceted Smallest Space Analysis (SSA) of the 44 problems confirmed the hypothesis that the space of binary risky choice problems is partitionable by two binary axial facets: (a) Type of Problem (gain vs. loss); and (b) CI (Low vs. High). Four composite variables, representing the validated constructs: Gain, Loss, High-CI and Low-CI, were processed using Multiple Scaling by Partial Order Scalogram Analysis with base Coordinates (POSAC), leading to a meaningful and intuitively appealing interpretation of two necessary and sufficient gambling-behavior measurement scales.
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Hoare, A. G. "Domestic Regions, Overseas Nations, and Their Interactions through Trade: The Case of the United Kingdom." Environment and Planning A: Economy and Space 25, no. 5 (1993): 701–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1068/a250701.
Texte intégralRésumé :
A little-explored facet of the global economy is the way regions within nations and different parts of the international community interact through trade flows. A number of reasons are suggested why this is of interest, especially as far as regional exporting is concerned. These are explored further with respect to exports from UK regions in 1978 and 1986 in terms of the patterns of linkages arising, their significance for the transmission of economic impulses, their possible explanations, their significance for the wider health of the UK space economy, and the logic of stability and change in these relationships. In the ensuing discussion the author suggests what more we need to know to allow a fuller interpretation of these patterns.
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Furcinitti, P. S., J. van Oostrum, J. S. Wall, and R. M. Burnett. "Correlation averaging of stem images of negatively stained adenovirus groups-of-nine herons." Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America 44 (August 1986): 152–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0424820100142384.
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Adenovirus has an icosahedral capsid composed of 252 morphological units of two chemical types. There are 240 copies of the trimeric maior coat protein hexon (Mr 3 x 109,077) and 12 copies of the pentameric penton base and trimeric fibre vertex proteins. The X-ray crystal structure of hexon provides an accurate molecular model for the interpretation of electron micrographs of the virion and its fragments. Dissociation of the virions first releases the 60 peripentonal hexons surrounding the pentons, and then the remaining hexons as planar groups-of-nine hexons (GONs). The disruption pattern of the virion, and the non-random dissociation of the GONs, are at variance with the overall organization of the capsid as small p3 arrays of 12 hexons on each facet.
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Boccaccini, Marcus T., Caroline S. Chevalier, Daniel C. Murrie, and Jorge G. Varela. "Psychopathy Checklist–Revised Use and Reporting Practices in Sexually Violent Predator Evaluations." Sexual Abuse 29, no. 6 (2015): 592–614. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1079063215612443.
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We surveyed evaluators who conduct sexually violent predator evaluations ( N = 95) regarding the frequency with which they use the Psychopathy Checklist–Revised (PCL-R), their rationale for use, and scoring practices. Findings suggest that evaluators use the PCL-R in sexually violent predator cases because of its perceived versatility, providing information about both mental disorder and risk. Several findings suggested gaps between research and routine practice. For example, relatively few evaluators reported providing the factor and facet scores that may be the strongest predictors of future offending, and many assessed the combination of PCL-R scores and sexual deviance using deviance measures (e.g., paraphilia diagnoses) that have not been examined in available studies. There was evidence of adversarial allegiance in PCL-R score interpretation, as well as a “bias blind spot” in PCL-R and other risk measure (Static-99R) scoring; evaluators tended to acknowledge the possibility of bias in other evaluators but not in themselves. Findings suggest the need for evaluators to carefully consider the extent to which their practices are consistent with emerging research and to be attuned to the possibility that working in adversarial settings may influence their scoring and interpretation practices.
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Miskin, Nityanand, Zacharia Isaac, Yi Lu, et al. "Simplified Universal Grading of Lumbar Spine MRI Degenerative Findings: Inter-Reader Agreement of Non-Radiologist Spine Experts." Pain Medicine 22, no. 7 (2021): 1485–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/pm/pnab098.
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Abstract Objective 1) To describe a simplified multidisciplinary grading system for the most clinically relevant lumbar spine degenerative changes. 2) To measure the inter-reader variability among non-radiologist spine experts in their use of the classification system for interpretation of a consecutive series of lumbar spine magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) examinations. Methods ATS multidisciplinary and collaborative standardized grading of spinal stenosis, foraminal stenosis, lateral recess stenosis, and facet arthropathy was developed. Our institution’s picture archiving and communication system was searched for 50 consecutive patients who underwent non-contrast MRI of the lumbar spine for chronic back pain, radiculopathy, or symptoms of spinal stenosis. Three fellowship-trained spine subspecialists from neurosurgery, orthopedic surgery, and physiatry interpreted the 50 exams using the classification at the L4–L5 and L5–S1 levels. Inter-reader agreement was assessed with Cohen’s kappa coefficient. Results For spinal stenosis, the readers demonstrated substantial agreement (κ = 0.702). For foraminal stenosis and facet arthropathy, the three readers demonstrated moderate agreement (κ = 0.544, and 0.557, respectively). For lateral recess stenosis, there was fair agreement (κ = 0.323). Conclusions A simplified universal grading system of lumbar spine MRI degenerative findings is newly described. Use of this multidisciplinary grading system in the assessment of clinically relevant degenerative changes revealed moderate to substantial agreement among non-radiologist spine physicians. This standardized grading system could serve as a foundation for interdisciplinary communication.
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Salvatore, Sergio, Terri Mannarini, Alessandro Gennaro, et al. "The Affective Regulation of Uncertainty: The Semiotic Dimensionality Model (SDM)." Social Sciences 12, no. 4 (2023): 217. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/socsci12040217.
Texte intégralRésumé :
This paper presents a novel psychological model of the socio-cognitive management of uncertainty, the semiotic dimensional model (SDM). The SDM claims that uncertainty increases the momentum of affect-laden meanings in meaning-making. This is so because affective meanings provide a simplified interpretation of the world that restores the experience of being able to make sense of the reality destabilized by uncertainty. Moreover, the SDM models the affective meanings in terms of low-dimensional mental phase space (MPS). Each dimension of the MPS detects a facet of the context. The lower the MPS dimensionality, the lower the number of facets of the context processed, therefore, the more simplified the meaning-making is. We attained the first empirical validation of the SDM in a sample of 120 Italian people. First, the SDM assumption that the low-dimensional MPS is the computational descriptor of affective meaning was tested. Second, an experimental study was designed in which uncertainty was manipulated so as to assess its effects on the dimensionality of participants’ MPS. It was hypothesized that uncertainty induces a decrease in the MPS dimensionality. Results were consistent with both hypotheses. Theoretical implications of the SDM and its relationship with other theories are discussed and future research direction outlined.
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Tavakol, Mohsen, and Gill Pinner. "Using the Many-Facet Rasch Model to analyse and evaluate the quality of objective structured clinical examination: a non-experimental cross-sectional design." BMJ Open 9, no. 9 (2019): e029208. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2019-029208.
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ObjectivesSources of bias, such as the examiners, domains and stations, can influence the student marks in objective structured clinical examination (OSCE). This study describes the extent to which the facets modelled in an OSCE can contribute to scoring variance and how they fit into a Many-Facet Rasch Model (MFRM) of OSCE performance. A further objective is to identify the functioning of the rating scale used.DesignA non-experimental cross-sectional design.Participants and settingsAn MFRM was used to identify sources of error (eg, examiner, domain and station), which may influence the student outcome. A 16-station OSCE was conducted for 329 final year medical students. Domain-based marking was applied, each station using a sample from eight defined domains across the whole OSCE. The domains were defined as follows: communication skills, professionalism, information gathering, information giving, clinical interpretation, procedure, diagnosis and management. The domains in each station were weighted to ensure proper attention to the construct of the individual station. Four facets were assessed: students, examiners, domains and stations.ResultsThe results suggest that the OSCE data fit the model, confirming that an MFRM approach was appropriate to use. The variable map allows a comparison with and between the facets of students, examiners, domains and stations and the 5-point score for each domain with each station as they are calibrated to the same scale. Fit statistics showed that the domains map well to the performance of the examiners. No statistically significant difference between examiner sensitivity (3.85 logits) was found. However, the results did suggest examiners were lenient and that some behaved inconsistently. The results also suggest that the functioning of response categories on the 5-point rating scale need further examination and optimisation.ConclusionsThe results of the study have important implications for examiner monitoring and training activities, to aid assessment improvement.
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Kravchenko, Natalya, and Oleksandr Yudenko. "Visual metaphor in commercial ad: effectiveness or failure?" Cognition, Communication, Discourse, no. 23 (December 31, 2021): 62–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.26565/2218-2926-2021-23-04.
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Based on the modern approaches to the study of multimodal pragmatics, this study focuses on its new facet, identifying the correlation between cognitive and pragmatic features of visual metaphor with reference to visual grammatical analysis and Optimal Innovation Hypothesis added by explanatory tools of the conceptual blending Theory and Relevance Theory along with cooperative principle. The purpose of the article is to analyze the visual message of commercial advertising while assessing its successfulness / failure in accordance with the sequentially applied criteria of “the level of metaphorical polysemanticity and ambiguity”, “the availability of the relevant context of interpretation”, “the level of optimal innovativeness”. The paper reached four principal results. First. The visual metaphor flouts one or few cooperatіve maxims, which triggers discursive implicature. Second. Depending on the level of implicitness and polysemanticity of the visual metaphor, the result of the maxim flouting can be both implicature and explicature. If the inference of the implicature is intended by an advertising message, but requires excessive efforts to process visual information in lack of relevant context, the level of the metaphor interpretation remains explicature. Third. “Explicature” and “implicature” levels of visual metaphor interpretation are associated with different stages of blending processes. Inference of discursive implicature, which constitutes the intended meaning of the metaphor, coincides with the stage of the blend elaboration; Fourth. Depending on the balance between the level of familiarity and innovativeness, the components of a visual metaphor can be ranked on the scale of “attractiveness” for the target client—from optimally innovative to pure innovative devices.
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Faisal, T., and A. Dharmaraj. "Perception of E-learning among the Students Studying in Higher Education Institutions with Reference to Kerala." Indian Journal of Information Sources and Services 14, no. 4 (2024): 66–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.51983/ijiss-2024.14.4.11.
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The advent of the internet and innovative technologies has rendered learning solutions for universities currently navigating an environment of passionate change. Universally, the COVID-19 lockdown has impacted every facet of life, and education is no exception. Understanding students' perceptions of e-learning technologies is essential for the successful growth of academic programs. This study aims to investigate college students' current status and future expectations regarding e-learning. It is an empirical research study encompassing students pursuing higher education in arts, sciences, humanities, engineering, and health sciences. The purposive sampling, with a sample size of 497 is adopted for the study. Primary data are collected through a questionnaire. Cross-tabulation and Chi-square tests, aided by IBM SPSS Statistics 22, are employed for analysis and interpretation. The study reveals a low awareness level towards e-learning.
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T., Faisal, and Dharmaraj A. "Level of Awareness of ICT Tools Among the Faculty Working in Higher Education Institutions in the Malabar Region, Kerala." Journal of Lifestyle and SDGs Review 4, no. 4 (2024): e03538. http://dx.doi.org/10.47172/2965-730x.sdgsreview.v4.n04.pe03538.
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Introduction: The advent of internet and innovative technologies has rendered learning solution for universities currently navigating an environment of passionate change. Universally, the COVID-19 lockdown has impacted every facet of life, and education is no exception. Understanding faculty perceptions on e-learning technologies is essential for the successful growth of academic programs. Objective: This study aims to investigate college faculty members current status and future expectations regarding e-learning. Method: It is an empirical research study encompassing faculty teaching higher education in arts, sciences, humanities, engineering, and health sciences. The purposive sampling, with a sample size of 389 is adopted for the study. The primary data is collected through questionnaire. Descriptive Statistics and Regression, aided by IBM SPSS Statistics 22, are employed for analysis and interpretation. Results: The study reveals a moderate awareness level towards E-Learning.
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Garrett, C. Gaelyn. "Laryngopharyngeal Reflux: A Laryngologist's Perspective." Perspectives on Voice and Voice Disorders 21, no. 3 (2011): 100–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/vvd21.3.100.
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Much controversy continues to exist regarding almost every facet of layrngopharyngeal reflux (LPR), including the method of its clinical evaluation, the interpretation of the available data, and its ultimate diagnosis and treatment. In this article, the author reviews some of the controversies associated with the diagnosis and management of LPR from the perspective of a laryngologist. The author conducted a literature review to identify recent key articles regarding the diagnosis and treatment of LPR. Special attention was taken to identify clinical practice guidelines and review articles that summarize the scientific validity of the literature on LPR. The results show that evidence in the current literature is inconsistent, although most clinicians agree that extraesophageal reflux is associated with manifestations of symptoms in the larynx and pharynx. Questions remain about the true prevalence of LPR and its causation.
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Bukenya T., Kato. "Continuing Legal Education: The Importance of Communication Training." RESEARCH INVENTION JOURNAL OF LAW, COMMUNICATION AND LANGUAGES 5, no. 2 (2025): 8–13. https://doi.org/10.59298/rijlcl/2025/52813.
Texte intégralRésumé :
While legal education has traditionally prioritized hard skills such as legal writing, statutory analysis, and case law interpretation, there remains a significant gap in the development of communication skills among law students and practicing attorneys. This paper examines the importance of incorporating structured communication training within Continuing Legal Education (CLE) programs. Drawing on personal reflection, institutional practices, case studies, and the psycho-educational foundation of debate societies, the discussion underscores the practical relevance of communication in client interaction, courtroom persuasion, negotiation, and professional collaboration. The paper advocates for a reevaluation of curricular priorities in law faculties and CLE initiatives, emphasizing communication as not only a complementary asset but a core legal competency that enhances every facet of legal practice. Keywords: Legal Education, Communication Skills, Continuing Legal Education (CLE), Soft Skills, Legal Practice, Debate Training, Client Relations
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Brožek, Josef, and Vid Pečjak. "Psychology of the Scientist: LIV. Reception and Rejection of “Western” Psychology in “Eastern” Europe during the 1950S and 1960S: Woodworth's Experimental Psychology." Perceptual and Motor Skills 74, no. 1 (1992): 179–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pms.1992.74.1.179.
Texte intégralRésumé :
This is a report on a fascinating but unknown facet of the history of American and international psychology. Its aim is to describe the differences in attitudes of “East European” (Soviet, Slovak, Polish, and Yugoslav) psychologists to American psychology and, more concretely and specifically, to R. S. Woodworth's textbook Experimental psychology of 1938 or its second (Woodworth-Schlosberg) edition of 1954. While in the eyes of most of the Western psychologists and of many American politicians, “Eastern” Europe (including Central European Czechs and South European Yugoslavs) appeared ideologically homogeneous, the attitudes to Experimental psychology varied from very negative and negative to positive and very positive. While the reported facts are striking, the information currently available to us does not provide an adequate basis for the interpretation of the differences. This applies, in particular, to what were the countries with “orthodox” Communist governments (Soviet Union, Czechoslovakia, and Poland).
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Morrison, T. R. "Reform as Social Tracking: The Case of Industrial Education in Ontario 1870-1900." Journal of Educational Thought / Revue de la Pensée Educative 8, no. 2 (2018): 87–110. http://dx.doi.org/10.55016/ojs/jet.v8i2.43627.
Texte intégralRésumé :
The industrial education movement in Canada has been assessed by historians in two ways: as the educational expression of the Dominion's national development policy, and as an important step closer to the egalitarian ideal of universal, state-supported compulsory schooling.' Each interpretation marries industrial education to cherished social values: for the former, economic growth and the latter, equality of opportunity. The present study, based on an analysis of the group support and social functions associated with attempts to introduce various forms of industrial education, poses a counter-argument: that industrial education programs surfaced as one facet of an urban-centered, conservative, social reform movement which encompassed, as one of its vital concerns, the establishment of controls over the character, behavior and occupational future of poor and delinquent children.2 As such, industrial education was more a bane, than a boon, to the working class.
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Arrigoni, Fabrizio. "!Opera mia! Fotografie di Giacomo Puccini." Firenze Architettura 28, no. 1 (2024): 170–79. https://doi.org/10.36253/fia-15736.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Recenti studi sugli archivi ci restituiscono la figura di Giacomo Puccini quale consapevole e appassionato fotografo; molteplici i modi di intendere tale lascito di riprese e stampe: da inedito sentiero per affondi nella biografia a risorsa per risalire a intuizioni di stampo stilistico e di gusto; vorremmo proporre una lettura che pone al suo centro gli esempi in cui la fascinazione per le valenze intimamente topologico-spaziali dei luoghi osservati e vissuti risulta evidente oltre ogni accento lirico-intimista; fotografie dove la «verità geografica» è registrata secondo un lessico morfologico-compositivo dello sguardo fatto di distanze e profondità, intervalli e ritmi, cadenze e timbri, le cui corrispondenze-divergenze con le sintassi musicali restano tutte da indagare e decifrare. Recent archival research have revealed a facet of Giacomo Puccini as a keen and knowledgeable photographer. There are many possible interpretations of this heritage of shots and prints: from a new pathway for further biographical studies to a useful resource for tracing stylistic and aesthetic approaches. We would like to propose an interpretation that focuses on examples in which the fascination with the topological-spatial qualities of places observed and experienced emerges clearly, beyond any lyrical-intimist emphasis. Photographs in which the “geographical truth” is recorded in accordance with a morphological-compositional lexicon of the gaze made of distances and depths, intervals and rhythms, cadences and tone, whose correspondences and divergences with musical syntax remain to be investigated and deciphered.
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Joseph, Tyler A., Philippe Chlenski, Aviya Litman, Tal Korem, and Itsik Pe'er. "Accurate and robust inference of microbial growth dynamics from metagenomic sequencing reveals personalized growth rates." Genome Research 32, no. 3 (2022): 558–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1101/gr.275533.121.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Patterns of sequencing coverage along a bacterial genome—summarized by a peak-to-trough ratio (PTR)—have been shown to accurately reflect microbial growth rates, revealing a new facet of microbial dynamics and host–microbe interactions. Here, we introduce Compute PTR (CoPTR): a tool for computing PTRs from complete reference genomes and assemblies. Using simulations and data from growth experiments in simple and complex communities, we show that CoPTR is more accurate than the current state of the art while also providing more PTR estimates overall. We further develop a theory formalizing a biological interpretation for PTRs. Using a reference database of 2935 species, we applied CoPTR to a case-control study of 1304 metagenomic samples from 106 individuals with inflammatory bowel disease. We show that growth rates are personalized, are only loosely correlated with relative abundances, and are associated with disease status. We conclude by showing how PTRs can be combined with relative abundances and metabolomics to investigate their effect on the microbiome.
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Marzban, Caren. "The ROC Curve and the Area under It as Performance Measures." Weather and Forecasting 19, no. 6 (2004): 1106–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/825.1.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Abstract The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve is a two-dimensional measure of classification performance. The area under the ROC curve (AUC) is a scalar measure gauging one facet of performance. In this short article, five idealized models are utilized to relate the shape of the ROC curve, and the area under it, to features of the underlying distribution of forecasts. This allows for an interpretation of the former in terms of the latter. The analysis is pedagogical in that many of the findings are already known in more general (and more realistic) settings; however, the simplicity of the models considered here allows for a clear exposition of the relation. For example, although in general there are many reasons for an asymmetric ROC curve, the models considered here clearly illustrate that an asymmetry in the ROC curve can be attributed to unequal widths of the distributions. Furthermore, it is shown that AUC discriminates well between “good” and “bad” models, but not between good models.