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Littérature scientifique sur le sujet « Free of administration »

Auteur : Grafiati

Publié le 8 mars 2025

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Articles de revues sur le sujet "Free of administration"

Stoinea, Vasilică. « Flawed Administration through the Lens of Free Access to Public Information ». Perspectives of Law and Public Administration 13, n^o 1 (25 mars 2024) : 13–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.62768/plpa/2024/13/1/02.

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This paper conducts an analysis of the concept of "good administration" in contrast to the concept of "flawed administration", with both concepts being examined through the lens of free access to public information. Issues related to access to public information are often timely and can have a significant impact on society and political processes. Therefore, research in this field can be particularly relevant and can capture public attention. Transparent and responsible public administration is essential for good governance. This theme can contribute to identifying issues of flawed administration in the domain of public information communication and can provide solutions for enhancing governmental transparency. The uniqueness of the theme lies in its multifaceted approach, including transparency and administrative responsibility, legislation concerning access to public information, as well as the use of specific case studies to illustrate issues related to this topic. Thus, in this article, we will present several pertinent cases from judicial practice that illustrate how flawed administration is often linked to the denial or restriction of access to public information.

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Prasad, Kamala. « Free, Fair, Peaceful Election and the Administration ». Indian Journal of Public Administration 37, n^o 3 (juillet 1991) : 373–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0019556119910313.

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Khunga, CC. « Modern States’ Administration : Cases of Nigeria and Sudan ». JOURNAL OF PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION AND DEVELOPMENT ALTERNATIVES 8, n^o 1 (1 juillet 2023) : 58–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.55190/mvgs6083.

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The main purpose of this article is to examine the role played by modern states in administration, using Nigeria and Sudan as case studies. Modern states have become predominant basis on which political authority and power are constructed, playing important roles in administration and governance of countries. They ensure that citizens are protected and that there is stability, both internally and externally. Using open systems theory and content analysis, this article conducted a systematic review of literature. The article finds that Nigeria and Sudan administrations have not been effective due political instabilities and violence perpetrated by groups such as Boko Haram insurgents. As a result, these countries experience challenges in governance, economic sustainability and administration. It recommends stakeholder mobilisation for effective politics-free administration. Keywords: Open Systems; Modern States; Administration; Politics; Nigeria; Sudan

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Agosti, Emanuela, Provera Alessia, Laila L. Gadipudi, Naresh N. Ramavath, Colasanto Antonio, Davide Raineri, Annalisa Chiocchetti et al. « Cholesterol-Free Ketogenic Diet Administration Ameliorates Experimental Metabolic Syndrome ». Journal of the Endocrine Society 5, Supplement_1 (1 mai 2021) : A43—A44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1210/jendso/bvab048.085.

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Abstract Background and Aims: Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a pathologic condition characterized by abdominal obesity, insulin resistance, hypertension, and dyslipidemia. The prevalence of MetS parallels the rise of obesity rate reaching pandemic proportions due to the increased consumption of high-calories-high-fat-high-carbohydrates low-fibers diet associated with a sedentary lifestyle. MetS is associated with a plethora of comorbidities as non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Noteworthy, NAFLD is considered the hepatic manifestation of MetS, and it can further progress to non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) that, in its turn, can evolve to cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Despite the clinical relevance of NAFLD/NASH, however, effective therapy is still lacking. Lifestyle changes, including diet and physical activity, are so far the most effective interventions in NAFLD. Referring to nutritional approaches, however, there is not a definitive agreement concerning the dietary regimen to introduce into clinical practice. In this study, we investigated the capacity of a cholesterol-free ketogenic diet (KD) to improve pathological parameters associated with experimental MetS. Methods: MetS was induced in C57BL/6 mice by feeding with a cholesterol-enriched western diet (WD) up to 16 weeks followed by the switching to KD for further 8 weeks. WD and KD were chemical characterized through GC and SD-PAGE analysis. Results: KD administration in MetS mice significantly improved the liver pathological manifestations by lowering the gene expression of pro-inflammatory/fibrogenetic markers such as CCl2, IL-12, CD11b, OPN, Gal-3, TGF-β and α1-procollagen. Furthermore, KD feeding decreased the hepatic content of triglycerides and the hepatocellular damage, as testified by the reduction in ALT release. These observations were further supported by the histological analyses that revealed a significant amelioration in the extent of steatosis, necro-inflammation, and collagen fibers deposition, as confirmed by the Sirius-red staining in KD-fed mice. Interestingly, KD reduced the splenomegaly observed in WD-fed mice suggesting a reduction in chronic systemic inflammation. Finally, KD feeding ameliorated WD-induced muscle atrophy as confirmed by the recovery of the gastrocnemius mass. Microbiota analyses are ongoing. Conclusion: Altogether these results suggest that cholesterol-free ketogenic diet administration might represent a potential therapeutic strategy for MetS.

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Grant, Kathleen A., et Herman H. Samson. « Oral self administration of ethanol in free feeding rats ». Alcohol 2, n^o 2 (mars 1985) : 317–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0741-8329(85)90067-9.

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Grant, Kathleen A., et Chris Ellyn Johanson. « Oral Ethanol Self-Administration in Free-Feeding Rhesus Monkeys ». Alcoholism : Clinical and Experimental Research 12, n^o 6 (décembre 1988) : 780–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1530-0277.1988.tb01345.x.

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Bartnikas, Lisa M., Michelle F. Huffaker, William J. Sheehan, Watcharoot Kanchongkittiphon, Carter R. Petty, Robert Leibowitz, Marissa Hauptman, Michael C. Young et Wanda Phipatanakul. « Impact of school peanut-free policies on epinephrine administration ». Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology 140, n^o 2 (août 2017) : 465–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jaci.2017.01.040.

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Bartnikas, Lisa M., Michelle F. Huffaker, William J. Sheehan, Watcharoot Kanchongkittiphon, Carter Petty, Anne Sheetz, Robert Leibowitz, Michael C. Young et Wanda Phipatanakul. « Impact Of School Peanut-Free Guidelines On Epinephrine Administration ». Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology 133, n^o 2 (février 2014) : AB207. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jaci.2013.12.743.

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Ehrl, Denis, Svenja Pistek, Clemens Rieder, Michael Irlbeck, Klaus Hofmann-Kiefer, David Braig, Frederic Klein, Philipp Groene, Riccardo E. Giunta et Nicholas Moellhoff. « Impact of Postoperative Norepinephrine Administration on Free Flap Flow ». Journal of Clinical Medicine 13, n^o 24 (20 décembre 2024) : 7816. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm13247816.

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Background/Objectives: The perioperative interplay between blood pressure, vasopressors, and macrocirculation is well established. However, in the context of free flap surgery, the potential impact of these factors on microvascular flow remains elusive. The aim was to evaluate the impact of norepinephrine administration on the microcirculation of free flaps. Methods: Postoperative systolic blood pressure (sBP), norepinephrine infusion rates (NIRs), and free flap microcirculation were monitored prospectively and analyzed retrospectively in patients receiving free flap surgery who required postoperative intermediate (IMC) or intensive care (ICU). Blood flow, hemoglobin oxygenation (SO2), and relative hemoglobin levels (rHbs) were measured over a period of 24 hours post-anastomosis by laser-doppler flowmetry and white light spectroscopy using the “Oxygen to See” device (O2C, LEA Medizintechnik, Gießen, Germany). Multivariate analysis was performed to determine the impact of NIR on microvascular flow, adjusting for several confounding factors. Subgroup analysis was conducted by categorizing into three groups based on patients’ postoperative sBP. Results: Flaps were performed in 105 patients with a mean age of 61.46 ± 16.29 years. Postoperatively, an increase in microvascular flow over time was observed across all free flaps, while NIR decreased and sBP maintained stable values. Multivariate analysis revealed that the time post-anastomosis (B = 3.76, p < 0.001), SO2 (B = 0.55, p < 0.001), rHb (B= −0.79, p < 0.001), female gender (B = 29.25, p = 0.02), and no previous radiation therapy (B = 41.21, p = 0.04) had a significant impact on postoperative microvascular flow in free flaps. NIR, sBP, smoking status, old age, and ASA score showed no significant impact on free flap flow. Further, NIR showed no significant impact on microvascular flow in any of the subgroups investigated. Conclusions: These findings support the safety of using norepinephrine for maintaining stable blood pressure without compromising microvascular flow, offering valuable guidance for postoperative management.

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Malo-Manso, Alfredo, Aida Raigon-Ponferrada, Julia Diaz-Crespo, Juan J. Escalona-Belmonte, Jose Cruz-Mañas et Jose L. Guerrero-Orriach. « Opioid Free Anaesthesia and Cancer ». Current Pharmaceutical Design 25, n^o 28 (21 octobre 2019) : 3011–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1381612825666190705183754.

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: Opioid-free anesthesia is revolutionizing anesthetic practices for its potential benefits in selected patients. Opioid-free anesthesia represents a step forward in anesthetic practice as it has been suggested to provide potential clinical benefits for selected patients. Opioid-free anesthesia spares the use of opioids and involves the administration of multiple adjuvant anesthetics, which may have an impact on cancer progression. All this have added to the growing interest in the immune response to anesthetics, making opioid-free anesthesia a promising avenue for future research. : Assessing the role of anesthetics in immunomodulation in the surgical setting is challenging, and results are often contradictory. Indeed, there is a scarcity of data of studies on humans, which hinder the interpretation of results. However, promising evidence has been published that cancer progression can be delayed by the administration of specific anesthetic agents.

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Thèses sur le sujet "Free of administration"

McCormley, Molly. « Endocrine responses to repeated adrenocorticotropic hormone administration in free-ranging elephant ». Scholarly Commons, 2018. https://scholarlycommons.pacific.edu/uop_etds/3127.

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Understanding the physiological response of marine mammals to anthropogenic stressors can inform marine ecosystem conservation strategies. Stress stimulates release of glucocorticoid (GC) hormones, which increase energy substrate availability while suppressing energy-intensive processes. Exposure to repeated stressors can potentially affect an animal’s ability to respond to and recover from subsequent challenges. To assess the endocrine response of a marine mammal to repeated stressors, we administered adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) to free-ranging juvenile northern elephant seals (Mirounga angustirostris; n=7) once daily for four days. ACTH administration induced significant, but transient (<24 h) elevation in circulating cortisol levels (p < 0.0001). These increases did not vary in magnitude between the first ACTH challenge on day 1 and the last challenge on day 4. In contrast, aldosterone levels remained elevated above baseline for at least 24 hours after each ACTH injection (p < 0.001), and responses were greater on day 4 than day 1 (p < 0.01). Total triiodothyronine (tT3) levels were decreased on day 4 relative to day 1 (p < 0.01), while reverse triiodothyronine (rT3) concentrations increased relative to baseline on days 1 and 4 (p < 0.001) in response to ACTH, indicating a suppression of thyroid hormone secretion. There was no effect of ACTH on the sex steroid dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA). These results suggest that elephant seals are able to mount adrenal responses to multiple ACTH challenges. However, repeated stress results in facilitation of aldosterone secretion and suppression of tT3, which may impact osmoregulation and metabolism. We propose that aldosterone and tT3 are informative additional indicators of repeated stress in marine mammals.

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Page, Robert O. « Church administration for growth past one thousand ». Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN), 2004. http://www.tren.com.

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Samuel, Dorit. « A comparative risk return analysis and performance evaluation of tax free municipal bond funds ». Connect to resource, 1997. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view.cgi?acc%5Fnum=osu1261237556.

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Fuentes, Graciela. « Constitutional guarantees and normative limits to free communication ». Thesis, McGill University, 1994. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=26444.

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The purpose of this work is to analyze the principles of human rights theory underlying the protection of freedom of expression and the normative limits imposed on communication. The analysis involves those principles argued in American and Canadian judicial review.
The curtailment of sexual expression is at the core of the discussion of the nature of human beings and their relationship with the state power. By analyzing the way in which governments ban sexual messages, one can infer with a great degree of accuracy how they will react toward other forms of expression. This connection can be established because arguments justifying restrictions on pornography may be extended to justify prohibitions on other form of communication.
Inasmuch as freedom of expression meets the basic need for communication inherent to autonomous and morally responsible individuals, any restriction on it must stem from the principle that rights-protection is the highest value as supreme law rather than from a majority assertion of what is good for the individual and society as a whole.

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Conrad, Stanley M. « The relationship of the Japan Evangelical Free Church Mission and the Japan Evangelical Free Church Conference a survey and an analysis / ». Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN), 1993. http://www.tren.com.

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Weiss, Thomas. « Das Weltzollrecht der WTO und Kyoto-Übereinkommen am Beispiel der ASEAN und Indonesiens / ». Hamburg : Kovač, 2006. http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&doc_number=014662593&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA.

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Chukwu, Idam Oko. « Public expenditures and crime in a free society ». CSUSB ScholarWorks, 1999. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/1802.

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Sundelin, Viktoria, et Hennig Anton Pellettieri. « Free float och marknadsreaktionen vid annonsering av kvartalsrapporter : En studie av svenska noterade bolag ». Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Företagsekonomiska institutionen, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-448266.

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Syftet med studien är att undersöka om det finns en effekt av free float på avvikelseavkastning vid publicering av kvartalsrapporter på den svenska aktiemarknaden. Urvalet består av A- och B-aktier noterade på Nasdaq Stockholm som studeras under Q2, Q3och Q4 år 2020. Det hypotiseras att det uppstår avvikelseavkastning vid publicering avkvartalsrapporter, samt att det föreligger en negativ relation mellan andelar free float ochkumulativ avvikelseavkastning. En eventstudie utförs för att studera avvikelseavkastning för10 dagar runt publiceringsdatumet för kvartalsrapporten. Resultatet visar på attavvikelseavkastning uppstår. Tre regressionsanalyser genomförs för att undersöka denhypotiserade relationen mellan free float och kumulativ avvikelseavkastning. Någon sådanrelation påvisas inte av resultatet. En möjlig förklaring till det kan vara att regleringen på densvenska aktiemarknaden är stark och att free float därför inte påverkar avvikelseavkastning.Det föreslås vidare att framtida forskning bör undersöka relationen i lägre andelar av freefloat.

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Benedict, James. « Chronic Disease Management of the Uninsured Patient at Ohio Free Clinics ». ScholarWorks, 2016. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/2713.

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Management of chronic disease requires a different service delivery model from that of acute illness. The uninsured population experience poorer health status and increased incidence of chronic disease than do the insured population. The purpose of this study was to identify the supports and barriers present in providing chronic disease management to patients at Ohio free clinics. Wagner's theory of chronic disease management served as the theoretical lens. The sequential, exploratory mixed methods study collected data from 13 free clinics belonging to the Ohio Association of Free Clinics (OAFC). Quantitative questions focused on processes in clinics with high and low fidelity to the chronic care model (CCM) determined by the Assessment of Chronic Illness Care (ACIC) survey. A backwards stepwise logistic regression was used. The quantitative analysis determined the 3 highest and lowest scoring clinics on the ACIC survey who then participated in a 2 tiered multi-case study series. Qualitative questions examined supports present in high fidelity clinics and barriers present in clinics with low fidelity. Qualitative findings identified 5 support areas that centered on progressive vision and patient-centered care themes that existed in high fidelity clinics. Four barriers were identified in low fidelity clinics that focused on the theme of capacity building. These findings provide evidence to guide the OAFC's work in improving adherence to the CCM constructs, thereby elevating the quality of care to the uninsured with chronic disease to the level of those providers governed by accrediting organizations. Changes in quality of care may result in an improvement to the health status of the individual and the communities in which they live.

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Saleh, Amir Mostafa. « Adoção de tecnologia : um estudo sobre o uso de software livre nas empresas ». Universidade de São Paulo, 2004. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/12/12139/tde-06122004-123821/.

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O software livre tem sido, nos últimos anos, objeto de atenção por parte dos profissionais e da imprensa especializada em informática. Na bibliografia sobre o assunto, é possível verificar que existem, e estão disponíveis, softwares livres com sofisticação suficiente para atender a grande parte das demandas empresariais. Verifica-se também que podem existir vantagens concretas em sua utilização, principalmente no que tange a redução de custos. No entanto, a participação de mercado desses programas é muito pequena, e está restrita somente a nichos específicos. Esta dissertação procura identificar, através de metodologia qualitativa e do uso do Modelo de Aceitação de Tecnologia (MAT), os fatores pelos quais o uso de softwares livres é expressivamente menor que o uso de softwares proprietários nas empresas brasileiras. Para a condução da pesquisa, o universo de empresas foi limitado àquelas que possuíssem de 30 a 160 teclados, e nelas buscou-se conhecer as percepções acerca do software livre, de modo a trazer à tona os fatores que levam à situação de mercado descrita. Como resultado, foi possível perceber que a baixa participação atual dos softwares livres pode ser explicada como a conjunção de dois fatores principais: necessidade de usufruto de externalidades proporcionadas pela rede dominante; e pelos altos custos de troca de gerados por questões de aprisionamento à tecnologia existente.
Free software has been, in the previous years, subject of attention from technology professionals and the specialized press. In bibliography, it's possible to find that there are free softwares good enough to take care of most of enterprise needs, and that there are real advantages in it's use, mainly because of costs reduction. However, the market share of these programs is very small, and is restricted just to specific niches. This work searches for, using a qualitative methodology and the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM), the factors that explains why the free software use is expressively lower than the proprietary ones in Brazilian companies. For the conduction of research, the universe of companies was limited to those which owns more than 30 and less than 160 keyboards. In these companies, we searched for the perceptions concerning free software, in order to find the factors that lead to the described situation. As a result, we saw that the free software low market share situation can be explained as a conjunction of two main factors: the network externalities and the high migration costs.

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Livres sur le sujet "Free of administration"

Service, U. S. Customs, dir. U.S.-Canada Free Trade Agreement : Customs administration. [Washington, D.C.] : Dept. of the Treasury, U.S. Customs Service, 1989.

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Service, U. S. Customs, dir. U.S./Canada free trade agreement : Customs administration. [Washington, D.C.] : Dept. of the Treasury, U.S. Customs Service, 1992.

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Service, U. S. Customs, dir. U.S./Canada free trade agreement : Customs administration. [Washington, D.C.] : Dept. of the Treasury, U.S. Customs Service, 1992.

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Service, U. S. Customs, dir. U.S.-Canada Free Trade Agreement : Customs administration. [Washington, D.C.] : Dept. of the Treasury, U.S. Customs Service, 1989.

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Service, U. S. Customs, dir. U.S./Canada free trade agreement : Customs administration. [Washington, D.C.] : Dept. of the Treasury, U.S. Customs Service, 1992.

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Service, U. S. Customs, dir. U.S.-Canada Free Trade Agreement : Customs administration. [Washington, D.C.] : Dept. of the Treasury, U.S. Customs Service, 1989.

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Service, U. S. Customs, dir. U.S.-Canada Free Trade Agreement : Customs administration. [Washington, D.C.] : Dept. of the Treasury, U.S. Customs Service, 1989.

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Hewitt, Doug. Free college resource book. Waco, Tex : Prufrock Press, 2010.

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Hewitt, Doug. Free college resource book. Waco, Tex : Prufrock Press, 2010.

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Hewitt, Doug. Free college resource book. Waco, Tex : Prufrock Press, 2010.

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Chapitres de livres sur le sujet "Free of administration"

Mansergh, Nicholas, et W. G. S. Adams. « Internal Administration ». Dans The Irish Free State, 217–24. London : Routledge, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003326021-12.

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Weik, Martin H. « free-space administration ». Dans Computer Science and Communications Dictionary, 641. Boston, MA : Springer US, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/1-4020-0613-6_7583.

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Etzioni, Amitai. « Free Speech Versus Safe Space ». Dans Library of Public Policy and Public Administration, 153–60. Cham : Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-69623-2_8.

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Sloat, Brian R., Hoi K. Tran et Zhengrong Cui. « Needle-Free Jet Injection for Vaccine Administration ». Dans Vaccinology, 324–35. Oxford, UK : Wiley-Blackwell, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118345313.ch21.

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Krawczyk, Kelly Ann. « Ghana’s 2012 General Election : Free, Fair, and Flawed ? » Dans The Future of Election Administration, 93–102. Cham : Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-18541-1_12.

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Rudanko, Juhani. « Attacks on the Madison Administration in the Federal Republican in Early 1813 ». Dans Fallacies and Free Speech, 83–97. Cham : Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-67877-7_4.

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Pacillo, Edith L. « Beyond Labels : Pornography, Violence, and Free Speech ». Dans Library of Public Policy and Public Administration, 239–56. Cham : Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-05989-7_17.

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Cargnoni, Anna, Palmira Bernocchi, Claudio Ceconi, Salvatore Curello et Roberto Ferrari. « In Vitro Ergothioneine Administration Failed to Protect Isolated Ischaemic and Reperfused Rabbit Heart ». Dans Free Radicals in Diagnostic Medicine, 448–49. Boston, MA : Springer US, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-1833-4_49.

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Mirza, Moonis, Tarun Goyal et Lata Goyal. « Barrier-Free Healthcare Design for Patients with Disabilities ». Dans A Guide to Hospital Administration and Planning, 251–66. Singapore : Springer Nature Singapore, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-6692-7_14.

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Momen, Md Nurul. « Threats to Free Expression in the Digital Age ». Dans Global Encyclopedia of Public Administration, Public Policy, and Governance, 1–5. Cham : Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-31816-5_3897-1.

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Actes de conférences sur le sujet "Free of administration"

Biswas, A., M. Srinivasan, J. Allmaras, E. Alerstam, A. Velasco et E. Wollman. « Deep Space Optical Communications Technology Demonstration ». Dans Applications of Lasers for Sensing and Free Space Communications, LsTh3C.1. Washington, D.C. : Optica Publishing Group, 2024. https://doi.org/10.1364/lsc.2024.lsth3c.1.

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Space-to-ground high data-rate (6.25 to 267 Mb/s) deep space optical communications over distances of 0.2 to 2.7 astronomical units (AU) were demonstrated with a space payload hosted by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Psyche Mission spacecraft, (launched, October 13, 2023), and ground assets. The system implementation and results are summarized.

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Paula, Mirela. « NEW ROMANIAN LEGISLATIVE LANDMARKS ON THE ACQUISITION OF PRIVATE PROPERTY RIGHTS FOR MINORS AND PEOPLE ASSOCIATED TO THEM ». Dans 11th SWS International Scientific Conferences on SOCIAL SCIENCES - ISCSS 2024, 207–14. SGEM WORLD SCIENCE, 2024. https://doi.org/10.35603/sws.iscss.2024/s02/13.

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The present study starts from the broad context of the recent legislative changes introduced by the entry into force of Law no. 140/2022 regarding some protection measures for people with intellectual and psychosocial disabilities, a law that amended and supplemented the provisions of the Civil Code and the Code of Civil Procedure in the matter of the protection of natural persons. The normative act modified these measures in a more nuanced and comprehensive manner, by referring also to European and international legislation, ratified by Romania, establishing new mechanisms for the protection of minors and other categories of persons who, although they are adults, require support either to take care of one�s own person, or for the administration of the patrimony and the full exercise of civil rights and liberties. The new regulation therefore highlights both previous doctrinal experience and similar provisions of some international pacts and treaties. In this broad context of legislative reform, we analyse only a particular and somewhat adjacent aspect of the law mentioned above, namely, the ways of acquisition by minors and by adults who benefit from legal protection of the right to private property, with an emphasis on the area of concluding legal acts of disposition free of charge. Therefore, the acquisition of the right to private property in the case of liberalities has undergone some changes in both substantive law and procedural law through the new law. We will also issue personal points of view regarding the alternative procedure of sharing control and validation of these legal acts between the guardianship authority and the guardianship court.

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Melissari, E., M. F. Scully, C. Parker, R. Hedges et V. V. Kakkar. « PLASMA FREE PROTEIN S AND OESTROGEN ADMINISTRATION ». Dans XIth International Congress on Thrombosis and Haemostasis. Schattauer GmbH, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1644295.

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It has been shown that protein S has a cofactor role for the anticoagulant and fibrinolytic activity of activated protein C (APC) and that the free protein S fraction is the main cofactor for the APC. Here we report free protein S levels from three groups of women on oral oestrogen. Group A: Five post menopausal women (36-48 years), on oestradiol valerate (as hormone replacement therapy after hysterectomy-oophorectomy) mean free protein S was 62.8% ( 2SD below normal adult mean). Group B: Seven young women (20-25 years) on the contraceptive pill. Two had normal levels of free protein S (100% and 125%), whereas the other five were 30%, 29%, 50%, 60% and 64% of normal. Group C: Two young women. The first, a 25 year old, insulin-dependent diabetic woman developed severe thromboembolic disease shortly after initiation of oral contraception. The second, a 21 year old woman with congenital, moderately decreased plasminogen (PLG) (activity and antigen 45% of normal), had a severe ileofemoral deep venous thrombosis about 8 months after initiation of oral contraceptive (her free protein S levels were twice found to be 60% of normal). In both cases, family members with reduced levels of PK and PLG respectively were free from any thromboembolic disease and had normal protein S levels. Since an association between oral contraceptive use and incidence of venous thromboembolism without predisposition has been consistently observed in case-control and cohort Studies, we conclude that oestrogen may reduce the plasma free protein S concentration and increase thrombophilia.

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Eliawati, Titim. « Resource Acquisition in Providing Free Education for Street Children ». Dans 6th International Conference on Educational, Management, Administration and Leadership. Paris, France : Atlantis Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/icemal-16.2016.19.

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MIHALCIOIU, Raluca-Marilena. « Free trade vs. Protectionism – the end of globalization! ? » Dans The 4th International Conference on Economic Sciences and Business Administration. Fundatia Romania de Maine, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.26458/v4.i1.34.

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Abdullah, Yahya. « Judicial oversight of applications submitted to the administration is a reason for its development ». Dans INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE OF DEFICIENCIES AND INFLATION ASPECTS IN LEGISLATION. University of Human Development, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21928/uhdicdial.pp191-212.

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"The administration performs a great task in the life of modern societies, through its intervention to satisfy public needs through the establishment and management of public utilities that aim to achieve the public interest and respond to the requirements and necessities of daily life, as well as protecting public order, and regulating the relationship between them and individuals with constitutional and legal texts, as well as The organizational rules that lay down the general framework for public liberties and individual rights, all to prevent them from practicing any activity outside the framework of legality. Originally, the administration is not obligated to issue its decisions in a specific form, as it is free to choose the external form of these decisions, unless the law requires it otherwise. This requires that the decision be embodied in an external form in order for individuals to know the will of the administration and to adjust their behavior according to its requirements. However, the implementation of this rule on its launch, may negatively affect the rights of individuals, because the administration may sometimes deliberately remain silent about deciding the requests submitted to it, or it may neglect at other times to respond to these requests. Existence of apparent decisions in an external legal form, meaning that the matter remains in the hands of the administration, if it wants it will respond to the requests of individuals, and if it wants to be silent, which constitutes a waste of their rights, a violation of the principle of equality, and confiscation of the right to litigation guaranteed by the constitution, it requires protection of individuals from the inconvenience of the administration And the abuse of their rights, and put an end to the neglect of employees and their indifference to the requests or grievances submitted to them, in addition to the fact that the requirements of the public interest require that the administrative staff exercise the powers entrusted to them by law at the present time. ( ) For these justifications, the legislator intervened in many countries, including France, Egypt, Lebanon and Iraq, to suppose that the administration had announced its will, even if it remained silent or silent about deciding on the request presented to it, and this resulted in an implicit administrative decision of rejection or approval. As a result of the large number of state intervention in the economic and social fields in recent times, it has led to the multiplicity and diversity of state agencies and institutions, and the public administration often does not provide its services to individuals except at the request of individuals. Therefore, it may be difficult for individuals to identify a competent administrative authority to submit their request to. to get those services. He makes a mistake and submits it to a non-competent administrative body. When this authority is silent and does not transfer the request to its competent authority, and the legal period granted to the administration to respond to their requests has passed, individuals resort to the judiciary, and submitting the request to the non-competent authority prevents the judiciary from accepting their claim, which wastes their rights and thus harms them. Therefore, the administrative judiciary in many countries has extended its control over this case to consider the application submitted to a non-competent administrative body as if it was submitted to its competent authority, given that the state is a single public legal person. Accordingly, the request submitted to any party starts from the legal period available to the administration to meet the requests of individuals and in its absence the implicit administrative decision of rejection or acceptance arises. Accordingly, we will study the jurisprudence of the French, Lebanese, Egyptian and Iraqi judiciary in this study. The importance of the study lies in the implications of the subject of requests submitted to the administration, the delay in their completion, the silence of the administration, and the consequent effects and exposure to the rights of individuals. And that it will show how to confront this silence, neglect and intransigence of the administration. The idea of implicit administrative decisions, resulting from the administration’s silence on the requests submitted to it, is an effective means, which makes the administration more positive and enables individuals to confront the administration’s silence, and prevents its intransigence, arbitrariness or neglect. The problem of the research is that can silence be an expression of the will? How do individuals protect themselves from the actions of the administration, and who guarantees its non-bias, arbitrariness and deviation? Does submitting the application to a non-competent body protect the rights of individuals? ? And the extent of judicial oversight on the authority of the administration.? And the extent of the compatibility and divergence of the positions of the administrative judiciary in France, Lebanon, Egypt and Iraq regarding this.? From the above in explaining the importance of the study and its problem, we can deduce the scope of the study, which is the study of judicial control over the requests submitted to the administration by taking an overview of the nature of the requests, their types and distinguishing them from others, and the position of each of the legislation, the judiciary and jurisprudence from it. The research consists of two sections, the first deals with the nature of the request and what is related to it, and the second is judicial control over the applications submitted to the administration, as follows"

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Bulakh, E. V., O. A. Kulinich et I. V. Romanchenko. « Free communities in municipal administration structure of Russian Federation : role and features of functioning ». Dans Scientific achievements of the third millennium. LJournal, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.18411/scienceconf-05-2020-10.

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Rubin, Ben. « A Content Analysis of Media Portrayals of Free Community College During the Obama Administration ». Dans 2023 AERA Annual Meeting. Washington DC : AERA, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.3102/2016686.

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Huang, Qicai. « The Promotion Effect of China (Shanghai) Pilot Free Trade Zone Policy on Foreign Investment Based on Nonparametric Synthetic Control Method ». Dans Proceedings of the 4th International Conference on Economy, Judicature, Administration and Humanitarian Projects (JAHP 2019). Paris, France : Atlantis Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/jahp-19.2019.103.

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Aathif, Nisrina Nur. « Influencing Factors of the United States Renegotiation of the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) under the Trump Administration ». Dans Asia-Pacific Research in Social Sciences and Humanities Universitas Indonesia Conference (APRISH 2019). Paris, France : Atlantis Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/assehr.k.210531.023.

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Rapports d'organisations sur le sujet "Free of administration"

Staples, Brian Rankin. Capacity Building-Implementation and Administration of Free Trade Agreements : Service-Investment Provisions. Inter-American Development Bank, janvier 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0008415.

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This paper draws on the experience of Mexico in the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) and on the experiences of four Latin American countries in the implementation of their services and investment obligations in their FTAs with the United States: Chile (United States-Chile FTA), Costa Rica and El Salvador (Dominican Republic-Central America-United States FTA, or CAFTA-DR), and Peru (United States-Peru Trade Promotion Agreement, or PTPA), referred to herein as the "other" or "new" FTAs. The paper highlights the provisions of these agreements (investment, cross-border trade in services, financial services, and telecommunications), and then discusses the processes and results of their implementation, as well as the domestic political constraints.

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Robert, Maryse. Capacity Building for the Implementation and Administration of Free Trade Agreements : Implementing Service and Investment Provisions. Inter-American Development Bank, septembre 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0008418.

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This paper draws on the experience of Mexico in the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) and on the experiences of four Latin American countries in the implementation of their services and investment obligations in their FTAs with the United States: Chile (United States-Chile FTA), Costa Rica and El Salvador (Dominican Republic-Central America-United States FTA, or CAFTA-DR), and Peru (United States-Peru Trade Promotion Agreement, or PTPA). The paper highlights the provisions of these agreements (investment, cross-border trade in services, financial services, and telecommunications), and then discusses the processes and results of their implementation, as well as the domestic political constraints.

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Acred, Aleksander, Milena Devineni et Lindsey Blake. Opioid Free Anesthesia to Prevent Post Operative Nausea/Vomiting. University of Tennessee Health Science Center, juillet 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21007/con.dnp.2021.0006.

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Purpose The purpose of this study is to compare the incidence of post-operative nausea and vomiting (PONV) in opioid-utilizing and opioid-free general anesthesia. Background PONV is an extremely common, potentially dangerous side effect of general anesthesia. PONV is caused by a collection of anesthetic and surgical interventions. Current practice to prevent PONV is to use 1-2 antiemetics during surgery, identify high risk patients and utilize tracheal intubation over laryngeal airways when indicated. Current research suggests minimizing the use of volatile anesthetics and opioids can reduce the incidence of PONV, but this does not reflect current practice. Methods In this scoping review, the MeSH search terms used to collect data were “anesthesia”, “postoperative nausea and vomiting”, “morbidity”, “retrospective studies”, “anesthesia, general”, “analgesics, opioid”, “pain postoperative”, “pain management” and “anesthesia, intravenous”. The Discovery Search engine, AccessMedicine and UpToDate were the search engines used to research this data. Filters were applied to these searches to ensure all the literature was peer-reviewed, full-text and preferably from academic journals. Results Opioid free anesthesia was found to decrease PONV by 69%. PONV incidence was overwhelming decreased with opioid free anesthesia in every study that was reviewed. Implications The future direction of opioid-free anesthesia and PONV prevention are broad topics to discuss, due to the nature of anesthesia. Administration of TIVA, esmolol and ketamine, as well as the decision to withhold opioids, are solely up to the anesthesia provider’s discretion. Increasing research and education in the importance of opioid-free anesthesia to decrease the incidence of PONV will be necessary to ensure anesthesia providers choose this protocol in their practice.

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Akalu, Mulugeta, Misganaw Gashaw et Zerihun Asegid. The Tax Response to COVID-19 in Ethiopia : Lessons for the Future. Institute of Development Studies, janvier 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/ictd.2023.002.

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The government of Ethiopia, like other governments, has provided tax response measures in order to mitigate the socio-economic impacts of COVID-19. These measures, among others, include a waiver of outstanding tax liabilities that taxpayers owe to the government; a tax amnesty or relief on interest and penalties for tax debt; and an extension of filing and tax payment deadlines. These tax measures were adopted with the purposes of helping affected businesses, to keep employees at work, to stimulate the economy and to reduce COVID-19 infections. To be effective, tax relief measures should have been targeted, temporary, speedy, abuse resistant, cost recoverable, predictable, reversible, scalable, easy to administer, resilient to health measures, and adapted to the specific needs of Ethiopia. The strong sides of the Ethiopian tax responses are their speedy nature and the fact that they consider the revenue space and address the status of the poor. The challenges observed on the design and enforcement of the tax measures include lack of adequate targeting, lack of prior assessment, administrative uneasiness, lack of records on the revenue loss, absence of monitoring and evaluation, and that they unfairly benefitted those who failed to comply with their tax duties. Prior assessment, targeted support, convenient response administration, coordination among the government organs, the need for the tax responses to be free from discrimination, the need for appropriate data recording, fair dispute settlement procedures and the need for a permanent disaster response department are suggested for similar incidents in the future.

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Chepeliev, Maksym, Wally Tyner et Dominique van der Mensbrugghe. How Differing Trade Policies May Impact U.S. Agriculture : The Potential Economic Impacts of TPP, USMCA, and NAFTA. GTAP Working Paper, novembre 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.21642/gtap.wp84.

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In the last two years, the United States has reversed the post-World War II trend toward the lowering of trade barriers and a commitment towards multilateral free trade. Citing a need to “level the playing field” and hold trading partners accountable to their commitments, the current Administration has moved towards a more protectionist and perhaps mercantilist position vis-à-vis trade policy. One of the Administration’s first actions in this regard was the decision to leave the Trans-Pacific Partnership (TPP) agreement, followed thereafter by raising tariffs on steel and aluminum imports. The Administration’s actions on trade are likely to have significant implications for U.S. farmers as these actions target three of the largest markets for U.S. agricultural exports – Canada, China and Mexico – accounting for some 44%, and representing an average of $63 billion, of U.S. agricultural exports 2013 to 2015. Commissioned by the <a href="https://www.farmfoundation.org/">Farm Foundation</a> <a href="https://www.farmfoundation.org/forums/2019-farm-foundation-forums/u-s-and-canadian-perspectives-on-trans-pacific-trade/">Farm Foundation Forum</a> (March 4, 2019) <ul> <li><a href="https://soundcloud.com/user-254829763/us-canadian-perspectives-on-trans-pacific-trade">Forum audio</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.farmfoundation.org/trade/">Food and Agricultural Trade Resource Center</a></li> </ul> <a href="https://www.farmfoundation.org/forums/2018-farm-foundation-forums/oct-31-2018-farm-foundation-forum/">Farm Foundation Forum</a> (October 31, 2018) <ul> <li><a href="https://brianallmerradionetwork.wordpress.com/2018/10/31/10-31-18-a-closer-look-at-the-purdue-universitys-global-trade-analysis-project-regarding-usmca-with-purdue-ag-economist-dominique-y-van-der-mensbrugghe-ph-d/">van der Mensbrugghe Interview</a></li> </ul>

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Jenkins, Glenn P., et Chun-Yan Kuo. Belize Fiscal Study. Inter-American Development Bank, décembre 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0008739.

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This paper is a review of the fiscal system of Belize. The emphasis of the study is on the revenue system in terms of its design, administration and its effectiveness in revenue mobilization. Belize is facing a critical public sector deficit situation, but its revenue system, although somewhat unconventional, is performing remarkably well. This study has reviewed each of the components of the revenue system to determine what improvements could be made in order to both enhance the economic characteristics of each of the taxes as well as to increase its revenue raising effectiveness. A major challenge facing the fiscal system of Belize in the future will be the necessity to reduce its reliance on the use of import tariffs to collect tax revenues. This will be forced on it through its membership in Caricom and its bilateral and multilateral negotiations of other free trade arrangements. The following is a summary of the principal recommendations of this review along with an estimate of the revenue impact of the proposed changes.

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Lumpkin, Shamsie, Isaac Parrish, Austin Terrell et Dwayne Accardo. Pain Control : Opioid vs. Nonopioid Analgesia During the Immediate Postoperative Period. University of Tennessee Health Science Center, juillet 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21007/con.dnp.2021.0008.

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Background Opioid analgesia has become the mainstay for acute pain management in the postoperative setting. However, the use of opioid medications comes with significant risks and side effects. Due to increasing numbers of prescriptions to those with chronic pain, opioid medications have become more expensive while becoming less effective due to the buildup of patient tolerance. The idea of opioid-free analgesic techniques has rarely been breached in many hospitals. Emerging research has shown that opioid-sparing approaches have resulted in lower reported pain scores across the board, as well as significant cost reductions to hospitals and insurance agencies. In addition to providing adequate pain relief, the predicted cost burden of an opioid-free or opioid-sparing approach is significantly less than traditional methods. Methods The following groups were considered in our inclusion criteria: those who speak the English language, all races and ethnicities, male or female, home medications, those who are at least 18 years of age and able to provide written informed consent, those undergoing inpatient or same-day surgical procedures. In addition, our scoping review includes the following exclusion criteria: those who are non-English speaking, those who are less than 18 years of age, those who are not undergoing surgical procedures while admitted, those who are unable to provide numeric pain score due to clinical status, those who are unable to provide written informed consent, and those who decline participation in the study. Data was extracted by one reviewer and verified by the remaining two group members. Extraction was divided as equally as possible among the 11 listed references. Discrepancies in data extraction were discussed between the article reviewer, project editor, and group leader. Results We identified nine primary sources addressing the use of ketamine as an alternative to opioid analgesia and post-operative pain control. Our findings indicate a positive correlation between perioperative ketamine administration and postoperative pain control. While this information provides insight on opioid-free analgesia, it also revealed the limited amount of research conducted in this area of practice. The strategies for several of the clinical trials limited ketamine administration to a small niche of patients. The included studies provided evidence for lower pain scores, reductions in opioid consumption, and better patient outcomes. Implications for Nursing Practice Based on the results of the studies’ randomized controlled trials and meta-analyses, the effects of ketamine are shown as an adequate analgesic alternative to opioids postoperatively. The cited resources showed that ketamine can be used as a sole agent, or combined effectively with reduced doses of opioids for multimodal therapy. There were noted limitations in some of the research articles. Not all of the cited studies were able to include definitive evidence of proper blinding techniques or randomization methods. Small sample sizes and the inclusion of specific patient populations identified within several of the studies can skew data in one direction or another; therefore, significant clinical results cannot be generalized to patient populations across the board.

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Megersa, Kelbesa, Fabrizio Santoro, Adrienne Lees, Marco Carreras, Theonille Mukamana, Naphtal Hakizimana et Yves Nsengiyumva. Technology and Tax : Adoption and Impacts of E-services in Rwanda. Institute of Development Studies, mai 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/ictd.2023.029.

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Many low-income countries are increasingly digitising their tax services, which can bring a range of benefits, from reducing compliance costs and improving record-keeping, to limiting opportunities for corruption and increasing fairness in the tax system. However, the success of these benefits depends on adequate levels of awareness and adoption of e-services among taxpayers; where these levels are suboptimal, tax e-services may produce only partial benefits. This paper examines the extent of awareness and uptake of tax e-services in Rwanda from a pre-pandemic situation up to two years into the COVID-19 crisis. The country has increasingly digitalised its tax administration, even more so during the pandemic. Electronic filing and payment of taxes have been mandatory since 2015, and two different e-services are available: E-tax, a free web-based platform designed to be used on computers and smartphones, and M-declaration, a feature phone-based application which enables mobile money payments and a simpler process for filing a return. This allows us to run a comparative analysis of the two solutions. We apply a mixed methods approach, using a nationally representative panel survey of 2,000 corporate (CIT) and personal (PIT) income taxpayers, with baseline information collected pre-COVID-19 and four follow-up rounds carried out after the pandemic hit, and focus group discussions (FGDs) with 24 e-services users. Summary of Working Paper 153.

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Rosenbaum, Sara. The Trump Administration’s Supreme Court Defense of the ACA’S Free Preventive Health Care Guarantee. Milbank Memorial Fund, mars 2025. https://doi.org/10.1599/mqop.2025.0303.

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Rodrigues-Moura, Enrique, et Christina Märzhauser. Renegotiating the subaltern : Female voices in Peixoto’s «Obra Nova de Língua Geral de Mina» (Brazil, 1731/1741). Otto-Friedrich-Universität, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.20378/irb-57507.

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Out of ~11.000.000 enslaved Africans disembarked in the Americas, ~ 46% were taken to Brazil, where transatlantic slave trade only ended in 1850 (official abolition of slavery in 1888). In the Brazilian inland «capitania» Minas Gerais, slave numbers exploded due to gold mining in the first half of 18th century from 30.000 to nearly 300.000 black inhabitants out of a total ~350.000 in 1786. Due to gender demographics, intimate relations between African women and European men were frequent during Antonio da Costa Peixoto’s lifetime. In 1731/1741, this country clerk in Minas Gerais’ colonial administration, originally from Northern Portugal, completed his 42-page manuscript «Obra Nova de Língua Geral de Mina» («New work on the general language of Mina») documenting a variety of Gbe (sub-group of Kwa), one of the many African languages thought to have quickly disappeared in oversea slaveholder colonies. Some of Peixoto’s dialogues show African women who – despite being black and female and therefore usually associated with double subaltern status (see Spivak 1994 «The subaltern cannot speak») – successfully renegotiate their power position in trade. Although Peixoto’s efforts to acquire, describe and promote the «Língua Geral de Mina» can be interpreted as a «white» colonist’s strategy to secure his position through successful control, his dialogues also stress the importance of winning trust and cultivating good relations with members of the local black community. Several dialogues testify a degree of agency by Africans that undermines conventional representations of colonial relations, including a woman who enforces her «no credit» policy for her services, as shown above. Historical research on African and Afro-descendant women in Minas Gerais documents that some did not only manage to free themselves from slavery but even acquired considerable wealth.

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