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Littérature scientifique sur le sujet « Germany – Commercial policy – History »

Auteur : Grafiati

Publié le 10 mars 2023

Mis à jour le 31 juillet 2025

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Articles de revues sur le sujet "Germany – Commercial policy – History"

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Sarkar, Jayita. "U.S. Policy to Curb West European Nuclear Exports, 1974–1978." Journal of Cold War Studies 21, no. 2 (2019): 110–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/jcws_a_00877.

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After India's detonation of a nuclear explosive in 1974 publicly demonstrated the proliferation risks from nuclear assistance, the U.S. government increased its efforts to control nuclear exports worldwide. In doing so, U.S. policymakers faced challenges from two major West European allies, France and West Germany, both of which pursued their commercial interests through nuclear exports to countries such as Pakistan, Brazil, Iran, and India, among others. Despite multilateral efforts including the formation of the Nuclear Suppliers Group and bilateral negotiations with the supplier governments

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Harwood, Jonathan. "The Fate of Peasant-Friendly Plant Breeding in Nazi Germany." Historical Studies in the Natural Sciences 40, no. 4 (2010): 569–603. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/hsns.2010.40.4.569.

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The peasantry played a central role in National Socialist ideology, as both a source of racial strength and a foundation of the economy. In this paper I explore the extent to which the regime's policies actually favored peasant farming. The first section looks at the overall character of agricultural policy and demonstrates that although peasant farmers were targeted for special assistance from 1933 until 1936, they were neglected thereafter as the economy geared up for war. In the second section I focus upon a particular set of policies——-the regime's attempts to promote the use of high-quali

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Moreno, Julio E. "J. Walter Thompson, the Good Neighbor Policy, and Lessons in Mexican Business Culture, 1920–1950." Enterprise & Society 5, no. 2 (2004): 254–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1467222700013495.

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This article looks at the corporate history of J. Walter Thompson to examine the nature of U.S.-Mexican relations in the aftermath of the Great Depression and World War II. It contends that local conditions, along with a cadre of “progressive” Good Neighbor Policy diplomats, forced American companies to adopt the role of “commercial diplomats,” altering the nature of what, up to 1940, had been a tense and bitter binational relationship. The article shows how Thompson's role as a commercial diplomat changed its previous “capitalist missionary” approach and how it complemented American diplomacy

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Filiashin, Alexei S. "PRIVATE PROSCUTION IN ENGLISH CRIMINAL PROCEDURE: HISTORY AND LEGAL NATURE." Ser-11_2023 64, no. 4, 2023 (2023): 69–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.55959/msu0130-0113-11-64-4-5.

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Historically, English criminal procedure is characterised by the role of private prosecution, which allowed each person to bring charges against any other person. A relic of the Middle Ages, it has nevertheless survived successfully to the present day, although it has undergone a number of significant transformations. Its remarkable resilience, despite its inability to serve as a fullfledged instrument of Crown criminal policy, is due to the fact that the ancient procedural form is constantly emerging with new uses. In the twentieth century there was a growing demand for it by commercial and n

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Davis, J. R. "Trade, Politics, Perspectives and the Question of a British Commercial Policy towards the German States, 1848-66." German History 15, no. 2 (1997): 253–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/gh/15.2.253.

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Višnjakov, Jaroslav Valerijanovič. "Energetska politika Ruskog carstva na Balkanu krajem XIX i početkom XX veka." Tokovi istorije 31, no. 1 (2023): 13–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.31212/tokovi.2023.1.vis.13-38.

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The article, based on the documents of the Archive of the Foreign Policy of the Russian Empire, files for the first time introduced into scientific circulation, reveals the plans of the Russian Empire for economic penetration into the markets of Serbia and other Balkan countries in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. A special place in the economic strategy of the St. Petersburg ruling circles in relation to the Balkan region was played by the activities of the Russian Danube shipping company, which was assigned not only a commercial, but also a political role, as one of the important fact

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Mergel, Thomas. "Americanization, European Styles or National Codes? The Culture of Election Campaigning in Western Europe, 1945–1990." East Central Europe 36, no. 2 (2009): 254–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/187633009x411520.

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AbstractThe culture of election campaigning in postwar Western Europe allegedly has been shaped by a process of Americanization. In terms of political communication, Americanization has four distinct features: proximity of political marketing to commercial marketing, personalization and professionalization of campaigns, and media centered strategies. Based on an analyses of some European cultures of electioneering – Germany, Great Britain, and Italy – the main thesis of the paper is that the shared features are only to a smaller degree the results of American influences, but rather parallel tr

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Thuring, Christine, and Gary Grant. "The biodiversity of temperate extensive green roofs – a review of research and practice." Israel Journal of Ecology and Evolution 62, no. 1-2 (2016): 44–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15659801.2015.1091190.

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From its beginnings in Germany in the twentieth century, a thriving extensive green roof industry has become established in many countries in temperate climates. Based upon the success of the industry, and with an expectation that this technology will be adopted in other climates, this review of the ecological research of extensive green roofs aims to evaluate the application of this knowledge. The modern extensive green roof is the product of research in the 1970s by German green roof pioneers; the selection of suitable species from analogue habitats led to green roof vegetation dominated by

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Nyahoho, Emmanuel. "L'accord monétaire de Maastricht et ses implications de politiques économiques." Études internationales 24, no. 2 (2005): 355–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/703171ar.

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The precised calendar of Maastricht treaty for setting up the european System of central banks (ESCB) and the european central bank (ECB) with a single currency can merely be explained by the concern of the member countries of having such a monetary integration before the end of the century. There's every chance that ESCB be formed with limited number of countries, namely: France, Germany, Luxembourg, Netherlands. If the objectives of price controls and non monetisation of debt assigned to ESCB are unequivocal, the responsability of fixing the parity of écu vis-à-vis third currencies which bel

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Kopper, Christopher. "Germany's National Socialist Transport Policy and the Claim of Modernity: Reality or Fake?" Journal of Transport History 34, no. 2 (2013): 162–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.7227/tjth.34.2.5.

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The construction of the extensive motorway network by the Nazi regime has often been seen as a textbook example of a thorough motorisation policy. But the motorway construction took place under a transport policy that favoured public railroads at the expense of private road haulage companies. A strict regulation of freight rates prevented road hauliers from competing with railroads and gaining a greater share of the freight market. The division of administrative and planning competencies between the motor-minded enthusiasts around Hitler's road builder Fritz Todt and the railroad lobby in the

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Thèses sur le sujet "Germany – Commercial policy – History"

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Davis, John Richard. "Trade, politics, perspectives, and the question of a British commercial policy towards the German states 1848-1866." Thesis, University of Glasgow, 1993. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.296985.

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Potschka, Christian. "Towards a market in broadcasting : a comparative analysis of British and German communications policy." Thesis, Loughborough University, 2010. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/6324.

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Political structures and the evolution of late capitalism in liberal Western democracies lend a common frame to the development of national media systems. However, whereas media policy from the post-war period to the mid-1980s was largely driven by socio-political concerns and coextensive with policy for public service television, this model has been vehemently challenged. Key factors were the convergence of erstwhile-separated industries and infrastructures, as well as the ambitions of the corporate sector and governments alike, to benefit from the economic opportunities offered by the commun

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Gaudenzi, Bianca. "Commercial advertising in Germany and Italy, 1918-1943." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2011. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.609367.

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Kern, Thorsten. "West Germany and Namibia's path to independence, 1969-1990: foreign policy and rivalry with East Germany." Doctoral thesis, University of Cape Town, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/24509.

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This thesis examines West Germany's relationship with Namibia between 1969 and 1990. It investigates West German foreign policy towards Namibia, at the height of the Namibian liberation struggle, against the backdrop of East and West German rivalry. It brings to light that the post-war division of Germany into two separate states significantly impacted both German states' policies towards Namibia. The Federal Republic of Germany's (FRG) changing approach towards the German Democratic Republic (GDR) is analysed in relation to the Federal Republic's shifting attitude towards the South West Afric

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Sagagi, A. Muhammad. "Commercial policy and industrialisation in Nigeria, 1963-1978." Thesis, University of Warwick, 1985. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/34674/.

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As a contribution to the continuing debate among trade and development economists as to the role of industrial strategies in the pattern of economic development, this study analyses the experience of one developing country, Nigeria, with an import substitution strategy. The performance of the industrial sector is critically assessed and related to the trade policy adopted. Using published data, the study covers 24 industries and a period of 16 years, beginning 1963 and extending to 1978. An analysis of the structure of protection reveals a considerably high and wide ranging levels of effective

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Radtke, Robert Warren. "The British commercial community in Shanghai and British policy in China, 1925-1931." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1990. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.315945.

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Sutton, Cavender. ""We Germans Fear God, and Nothing Else in the World!" Military Policy in Wilhelmine Germany, 1890-1914." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2019. https://dc.etsu.edu/etd/3571.

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Throughout the Second Reich’s short life, military affairs were synonymous with those of the state. Indeed, it was the zeal and blood of Prussian soldiers that allowed the creation of a unified German empire. After solidifying itself as a major power, things grew more complicated as the Reich found itself increasingly surrounded by hostile rivals. To the west, French humiliation over their catastrophic defeat in 1870-71 continued to fester while, in the east, Russian sympathies for the new empire waned. The finalization of a Franco-Russian alliance in 1894 meant Germany faced formidable advers

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Kreft, Anne-Kathrin Abedi-Djourabtchi Amir. "The weight of history : change and continuity in German foreign policy towards the Israeli-Palestinian conflict /." Online version, 2010. http://content.wwu.edu/cdm4/item_viewer.php?CISOROOT=/theses&CISOPTR=327&CISOBOX=1&REC=10.

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Corps, Terence John. "Reciprocity revised : the Jacksonians, navigation, and the shaping of United States commercial policy, 1829-1850." Thesis, Durham University, 1992. http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/6138/.

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The study investigates the importance of the policy of reciprocal navigation within U.S. domestic politics and commercial diplomacy in the late Jacksonian era. Addressing the neglect by historians of the development of the policy after 1829, the study examines the basis of a strong minority in opposition to the existing equality in commercial exactions granted to the shipping of foreign countries which reciprocated with like terms. This opposition, located chiefly in the maritime centres of New England and Baltimore, and reaching its climax in the harsh economic climate of the early 1840s, mad

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Bukaty, Ryan Michael. "Commercial Diplomacy: The Berlin-Baghdad Railway and Its Peaceful Effects on Pre-World War I Anglo-German Relations." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2016. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc849612/.

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Slated as an economic outlet for Germany, the Baghdad Railway was designed to funnel political influence into the strategically viable regions of the Near East. The Railway was also designed to enrich Germany's coffers with natural resources with natural resources and trade with the Ottomans, their subjects, and their port cities... Over time, the Railway became the only significant route for Germany to reach its "place in the sun," and what began as an international enterprise escalated into a bid for diplomatic influence in the waning Ottoman Empire.

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Livres sur le sujet "Germany – Commercial policy – History"

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Atorf, Lars. Der König und das Korn: Die Getreidehandelspolitik als Fundament des brandenburg-preussischen Aufstiegs zur europäischen Grossmacht. Duncker & Humblot, 1999.

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Uwe, Dechmann, ed. Am Ende der Deutschland AG: Standortkonflikte im Kontext einer neuen Politik der Arbeit. Westfälisches Dampfboot, 2010.

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Dumke, Rolf H. German economic unification in the 19th century: The political economy of the Zollverein. Institut für Volkswirtschaftslehre, Universität der Bundeswehr München, 1994.

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Rolf, Berghahn Volker, ed. Quest for economic empire: European strategies of German big business in the twentieth century. Berghahn Books, 1996.

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Dietmar, Weiss Frank, ed. Trade policy in West Germany. J.C.B. Mohr, 1988.

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Christoph, Kreienbaum, and Borrmann Christine, eds. Industrial and trade policy in Germany. Nomos, 1997.

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Bernhard, Heitger, ed. Trade policy in West Germany. Mohr, 1988.

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Hans, Stimmann, ed. Berlin mitte: Die Entstehung einer urbanen Architektur. Bauwelt, 1995.

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1961-, Goetz Klaus H., and Cullen Peter J. 1963-, eds. Constitutional policy in unified Germany. Frank Cass, 1995.

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J, Williams William. The Wilson administration and the shipbuilding crisis of 1917: Steel ships and wooden steamers. E. Mellen Press, 1992.

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Chapitres de livres sur le sujet "Germany – Commercial policy – History"

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Kloss, Günther. "Post-war History and Foreign Policy." In West Germany. Palgrave Macmillan UK, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-20663-6_1.

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Knight, Melvin M., Harry Elmer Barnes, and Felix Flügel. "Commercial Development Since 1800 — Great Britain, France, and Germany." In Economic History of Europe. Routledge, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003354727-19.

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Beckhart, B. H. "Monetary policy and commercial bank portfolios." In The History of Banking II, 1844-1959 Vol 10. Routledge, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003547150-9.

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Grebe, Cornelius. "A brief history of the incompatibility ‘problem’." In Reconciliation Policy in Germany 1998–2008. VS Verlag für Sozialwissenschaften, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-531-91924-9_4.

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O'Brien, D. P. "The Taxation and Commercial Policy of Great Britain." In The History of Taxation Vol 5. Routledge, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003547495-3.

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Stellinga, Bart, Josta de Hoog, Arthur van Riel, and Casper de Vries. "The History of Money Creation." In Research for Policy. Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-70250-2_3.

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AbstractThe dominance of deposit money means commercial banks play a leading role in money creation. This chapter puts this situation in a historical context. The functioning of our financial monetary system and the role of banks have changed fundamentally over time. The chapter reveals that what we take for granted today was often far from self-evident yesterday. We focus on the Netherlands and discuss four periods in turn: (1) the ‘long nineteenth century’ up to the First World War, with an emphasis on the 1870−1914 period, (2) the interwar period (1918−1939), (3) the Bretton Woods period (1

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Stolleis, Michael. "III. Social Policy in the Empire: The Insurance Solution." In History of Social Law in Germany. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-38454-7_3.

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Ishizaka, Ayako. "The IMF and Germany: Currency Crisis and Exchange Rate Policy." In History of the IMF. Springer Japan, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-55351-9_8.

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Krotz, Ulrich. "Historical Construction, International Relations Theory, and Foreign Policy." In History and Foreign Policy in France and Germany. Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230353954_3.

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Gottschall, Karin, Kristin Noack, and Heinz Rothgang. "Dependencies of Long-Term Care Policy on East–West Migration: The Case of Germany." In International Impacts on Social Policy. Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-86645-7_40.

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AbstractThis contribution reconstructs the policy shift from a Bismarckian “low road” to a “higher road” of long-term care (LTC) policy in Germany. We argue that this policy change is deeply intertwined with migration to uphold and transform LTC policy. Cash benefits did not just stabilise family care, but are increasingly used to establish a “migrant-in-the-family” model. Moreover, while the marketisation of care services led to an expansion of commercial services, this process increasingly depended on migrant carers. Policy measures to improve working conditions in formal care were only init

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Actes de conférences sur le sujet "Germany – Commercial policy – History"

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Schultz, Anne-Catrin. "Searching for Identity through Nostalgia and Modernity–Tendencies in German Architecture after the Re-unification in 1990." In 108th Annual Meeting Proceedings. ACSA Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.35483/acsa.am.108.71.

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Architecture has been used to demonstrate political change in many instances throughout history. This research paper explores tendencies in German architecture after West and East Germany unified in 1990 after more than 40 years under separate political systems, economic conditions and architectural development. The main narrative of the research traces the process of defining new identities after the collapse of a strong physical border and a shift in political and economic structure. Practically overnight an area of more than 40,000 square miles was added to West Germany, and the land and in

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Marit, Alexandru. "Electronic commerce - brief history, conceptual aspects and doctrinal definition and regulation." In Rule of Law and Economic Resilience in the Context of Moldova's Accession to the European Union. Moldova State University, 2025. https://doi.org/10.59295/rler2024.50.

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The expansion of the market - which has become an international one - has made modern means of communication included in the sphere of trade, thereby increasing the speed of concluding commercial legal relations. Thus, the conclusion of commercial relations through the computer or through other modern means of communication has been imposed, in the last decades, in our country as well. These means of communication are very diverse: telex and fax - through which words and images can be transmitted at adistance and in a short time, and means of storing information and documents made by traders -

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Omar, Asmah Haji. "The Malay Language in Mainland Southeast Asia." In GLOCAL Conference on Asian Linguistic Anthropology 2019. The GLOCAL Unit, SOAS University of London, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.47298/cala2019.16-1.

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Today the Malay language is known to have communities of speakers outside the Malay archipelago, such as in Australia inclusive of the Christmas Islands and the Cocos (Keeling) Islands in the Indian Ocean (Asmah, 2008), the Holy Land of Mecca and Medina (Asmah et al. 2015), England, the Netherlands, France, and Germany. The Malay language is also known to have its presence on the Asian mainland, i.e. Thailand, Cambodia, and Vietnam. As Malays in these three countries belong to a minority, in fact among the smallest of the minorities, questions that arise are those that pertain to: (i) their hi

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Prisac, Lidia, Ion Xenofontov, and Iulian Salagor. "Personal archive fund of academician I.G. Budac (1916-1974)." In Conferința științifică națională cu participare internațională "Integrare prin cercetare și inovare" dedicată Zilei Internaționale a Științei pentru Pace și Dezvoltare. Moldova State University, 2025. https://doi.org/10.59295/spd2024u.06.

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In the article, the personal archive fund of the academician I.G. Budac (1916–1974) is valued and placed in the scientific circuit. The biographical milestones, the main results of the scientific-didactic activity, the research directions and the most important scientific works of the historian I.G. Budac are presented. The fund is made up of three sections of the inventory made up of archival documents: a) extracts of diplomas from Akkerman, Hotin, Soroca, Iași, Chișinău, Bălți, Orhei, etc.; b) copies of investigations in the field of the history of economic development and social-political m

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Guilherme Semedo, Maria, João Rui Pita, and Ana Leonor Pereira. "Quality assessment of quinine sulfate samples in 19th and early 20th centuries in Portugal: the role of the Lusitanian Pharmaceutical Society." In 46th INTERNATIONAL CONGRESS FOR THE HISTORY OF PHARMACY. Pharmaceutical Association of Serbia, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.46793/ishp46.155s.

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Cinchona bark-derived medicines such as quinine sulfate were the only effective and widely used antimalarial treatments until the mid-twentieth century. The aim of this communication is to find and discuss references to quality control of quinine sulfate samples in a Portuguese pharmaceutical journal. For this purpose, we analyzed the Jornal da Sociedade Pharmaceutica Lusitana (Journal of the Lusitanian Pharmaceutical Society). This was an important Portuguese journal, edited by the Lusitanian Pharmaceutical Society, a pharmacist’s organization (1838-1933). This journal reflects Portuguese pha

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Sawkins, David, and Jenni Kakkonen. "Ballast Water Management: Policy to Sampling - the Orkney Experience." In IMarEST Ballast Water Technology Conference. IMarEST, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.24868/bwtc6.2017.011.

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Orkney Islands Council is the Statutory Harbour Authority for Scapa Flow – a 324.5km2 area of deep water and sheltered anchorage in the Orkney Islands, north of mainland Scotland, with a long history and present use by all types of shipping. This paper will provide a short introduction to the development of the IMO and EU Directive compliant Ballast Water Management Policy for Scapa Flow which was approved by the competent planning authority in December 2013. Scapa Flow is in an environmentally sensitive area, this along with best practice was taken into account when developing the Policy – wh

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Aksenov, Viktor, Igor Nosakov, Yulia Chemodanova, and Nikolay Shimin. "Dynamics of organizational culture and behavior of commercial enterprises personnel in modern Russia." In Human resource management within the framework of realisation of national development goals and strategic objectives. Dela Press Publishing House, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.56199/dpcsebm.mfor5668.

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The article presents the materials of the study of organizational behavior, which the authors conducted from the mid-90s of the XX century to 2019. The authors of the article believe that the professional behavior of the personnel of commercial enterprises is largely determined by the organizational culture that has developed there and, above all, the value orientations of employees. The article presents the author’s view of Russian and foreign literature. The history of the development of views on organizational culture is touched upon. In addition to fairly well-known authors, Edgar Schein,

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Ertuğrul, Ali, and Berkay Cihan. "The Effect of "Political Economy" on International Trade through Double Taxation Avoidance Agreements and the Case of Türkiye – Kyrgyzstan." In International Conference on Eurasian Economies. Eurasian Economists Association, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.36880/c16.02929.

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This paper studies the taxation regime, which is one of the tools of "Re-Political Economy," and tax policies, economic agents, political factors, and fiscal policy in this scope. This paper also examines the Agreement on Double Tax Avoidance, which was signed in Ankara on August 26, 1999, between Turkey and Kyrgyzstan under the taxation regime. Political economy, starting from the 15th century to the present day, has not been conceptually consensus due to the natural changes of the concepts of society, state and trade in history, and has sometimes been included in the science of morality and

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Pollett, Buford, Ty Johannes, and Vahid Atashbari. "America's Maritime Energy Superhighways for CO2, Hydrogen and LNG Transportation." In SPE Energy Transition Symposium. SPE, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/221384-ms.

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Abstract Throughout American history, Presidents have recognized the vital role of the nation's abundant natural resources, beginning with George Washington, who appreciated the strategic importance of navigable waterways. He notably showcased numerous paintings of rivers, including the iconic Hudson River, in the New Room of his Mount Vernon home. In recent times, there has been significant opposition from stakeholders and political leaders against pipeline construction in the United States. Consequently, the inland waterways, along with the navigable waterways of the Atlantic, the Great Lake

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Orlando, Dominick, Chad Glenn, Anna Bradford, and Claudia Craig. "Update on the Status of the West Valley Demonstration Project." In ASME 2003 9th International Conference on Radioactive Waste Management and Environmental Remediation. ASMEDC, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icem2003-4670.

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From 1966 to1972, under an Atomic Energy Commission (AEC) license, Nuclear Fuel Services (NFS) reprocessed 640 metric tons of spent fuel at its West Valley, New York, facility, the only commercial spent fuel reprocessing plant in the U.S. The facility shut down in 1972, for modifications to increase its seismic stability and to expand its capacity. In 1976, without restarting the operation, NFS withdrew from the reprocessing business and returned control of the facilities to the site owner, the New York State Energy Research and Development Authority (NYSERDA). The reprocessing activities resu

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Rapports d'organisations sur le sujet "Germany – Commercial policy – History"

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Allan, Duncan, and Ian Bond. A new Russia policy for post-Brexit Britain. Royal Institute of International Affairs, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.55317/9781784132842.

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The UK’s 2021 Integrated Review of security, defence, development and foreign policy describes Russia as ‘the most acute direct threat to [the UK’s] security’ in the 2020s. Relations did not get this bad overnight: the trend has been negative for nearly two decades. The bilateral political relationship is now broken. Russian policymakers regard the UK as hostile, but also as weaker than Russia: a junior partner of the US and less important than Germany within Europe. The consensus among Russian observers is that Brexit has reduced the UK’s international influence, to Russia’s benefit. The hist

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Federico, Veronica, Giovanna Spano, and Maria Moulin-Stozek. De-Radicalisation and Integration Policies and Best Practices at the European and Cross-Border Level. Glasgow Caledonian University, 2025. https://doi.org/10.59019/wncj5s72.

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The report aims at comparing policies and best practices as emerged among the D.Rad consortium gathered in Work Package 4. In particular, it includes the UK, France, Italy, Germany, Poland, Hungary, Finland, Slovenia, Bosnia, Serbia, Kosovo, Israel, Iraq, Jordan, Türkiye, Georgia and Austria. The adopted methodology clusters policies by common traits and strategies in tackling radicalisation. This represents a reversed approach in comparison with the methodology adopted in the WP 4 Comparative Report (D4.2). In the latter, the analysis of the legal and policy frameworks of D.Rad countries has

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Evans, Hugh, Cathal Ryan, Andy Bourke, et al. Range expansion of bark beetles in the genus Ips (ECLIPSE - Ecological Co-factors Lead IPS Expansion). Euphresco, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/20240279299.

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Bark beetles, particularly those in the genus Ips, are major pests of conifer trees in Europe, causing extensive damage to both natural and commercial forests. The ECLIPSE project has analyzed the history of Ips infestations, focusing on factors driving their geographic spread. Key findings indicated that the availability of suitable host trees, largely due to extensive afforestation with conifers, was a primary factor enabling beetle infestations. Climatic factors, such as extreme weather events, further exacerbated infestations by weakening trees. Long-distance dispersal through both beetle

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Saville, Alan, and Caroline Wickham-Jones, eds. Palaeolithic and Mesolithic Scotland : Scottish Archaeological Research Framework Panel Report. Society for Antiquaries of Scotland, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.9750/scarf.06.2012.163.

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Why research Palaeolithic and Mesolithic Scotland? Palaeolithic and Mesolithic archaeology sheds light on the first colonisation and subsequent early inhabitation of Scotland. It is a growing and exciting field where increasing Scottish evidence has been given wider significance in the context of European prehistory. It extends over a long period, which saw great changes, including substantial environmental transformations, and the impact of, and societal response to, climate change. The period as a whole provides the foundation for the human occupation of Scotland and is crucial for understan

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Ocampo-Gaviria, José Antonio, Roberto Steiner Sampedro, Mauricio Villamizar Villegas, et al. Report of the Board of Directors to the Congress of Colombia - March 2023. Banco de la República de Colombia, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.32468/inf-jun-dir-con-rep-eng.03-2023.

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Banco de la República is celebrating its 100th anniversary in 2023. This is a very significant anniversary and one that provides an opportunity to highlight the contribution the Bank has made to the country’s development. Its track record as guarantor of monetary stability has established it as the one independent state institution that generates the greatest confidence among Colombians due to its transparency, management capabilities, and effective compliance with the central banking and cultural responsibilities entrusted to it by the Constitution and the Law. On a date as important as this,

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