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Littérature scientifique sur le sujet « Glycine (acide aminé) – Récepteurs »
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Articles de revues sur le sujet "Glycine (acide aminé) – Récepteurs"
Bolte, M., B. Robert et J. Lemaire. « Oxydoréduction photochimique et thermique entre le chrome(VI) et un acide α aminé (glycine, alanine, hydroxy proline et méthionine) ». Canadian Journal of Chemistry 64, no 9 (1 septembre 1986) : 1864–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/v86-307.
Texte intégralPortal, Benjamin, et Bruno P. Guiard. « Rôle des connexines astrocytaires dans la régulation des taux extracellulaires de glutamate : implication pour le traitement des épisodes dépressifs majeurs ». Biologie Aujourd’hui 214, no 3-4 (2020) : 71–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/jbio/2020008.
Texte intégralThèses sur le sujet "Glycine (acide aminé) – Récepteurs"
Louvet, Philippe. « Synthèse et étude pharmacologique de nouveaux ligands du site glycine antagonistes du récepteur au N-méthyl-D-aspartate NMDA ». Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994GRE18001.
Texte intégralGueremy, Thomas. « Agonistes et antagonistes au site glycine du récepteur NMDA : structures, propriétés et perspectives thérapeutiques ». Paris 5, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993PA05P229.
Texte intégralRussier, Michaël. « Co-inhibition par les récepteurs du GABA et de la glycine sur les motoneurones abducens : étude immunohistochimique et électrophysiologique : Michae͏̈l Russier ». Aix-Marseille 3, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001AIX30059.
Texte intégralIt is well established that GABAergic, glycinergic or dual GABA-glycine inhibition occurs in many areas. Particularly, co-localisation and co-release of GABA and glycine from the same presynaptic vesicles has been demonstrated. Moreover, glycine and GABA A receptors (GlyR and GABA A R respectively) are co-located on the membrane of many neuronal cell types. In the present study, we analysed through an immunohistochemical quantitative method, the distribution and organisation of both GABA A R and GlyR on the membrane of abducens motoneurones. Using an in vitro electrophysiological approach, we also determined the role of dual GABA-glycine inhibition on the motoneurone function. In adult rats, GABA A R and GlyR were found in various proportions on abducens motoneurones. GlyR were more numerous than GABA A R. Half the GABA A R were co-localised with GlyR. Most of detected GlyR were not facing VIAAT-immunoreactive terminals. Conversely, the majority of GABA A R were localised in front of such terminals
Miraucourt, Loïs. « Les mécanismes segmentaires de l'allodynie mécanique dynamique : rôle des récepteurs de la glycine dans le système trigéminal ». Clermont-Ferrand 1, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007CLF1DD07.
Texte intégralThe mechanisms by which simply brushing the skin can evoke pain in pathological conditions still remain unknown. Here, we investigated the mechanisms by which removal of segmental glycine inhibition results in dynamic mechanical allodynia, using behavioral, anatomical and in vivo electrophysiological and pharmacological approaches. We provided a possible mechanism for dynamic mechanical allodynia by showing that a simple switch in trigeminal glycine synaptic inhibition can turn touch into pain by unmasking innocuous input to dorsal horn nociceptive specific neurons through a local excitatory, NMDA-dependent neural circuit involving neurons expressing the gamma isoform of protein kinase C (PKCγ). The process was prevented by pharmacological inhibition of PKCγ, which thus might provide a new treatment of allodynia. We further showed that glycine disinhibition with strychnine selectively induced a morphine resistant, dynamic, but not static, mechanical allodynia which, although relying on the recruitment of superficial lamina nociceptive-specific neurons, did not operate through substance P-receptor activation. We finally found that D-serine, a gliotransmitter that is a co-agonist of NMDA glutamate receptor play a pivotal role in the mechanisms of dynamic mechanical allodynia. In summary, our findings provide a new basic understanding of dynamic mechanical allodynia. They also suggest a new opportunity for a more successful management of this disabling pain symptom
Peyron, Christelle. « Identification des neurones susceptibles d'être responsables de l'inactivation des neurones sérotoninergiques du noyau raphé dorsal chez le rat : approche neuroanatomique ». Lyon 1, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996LYO1T159.
Texte intégralCerdan, Adrien. « Exploration de la transmission synaptique et de la régulation des récepteurs ionotropes par simulations de dynamique moléculaire et électrophysiologie numérique ». Thesis, Strasbourg, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019STRAF006/document.
Texte intégralSignals within neurons are mostly transmitted through chemical synapses. Signal transduction arises from the binding of neurotransmitters to membrane receptors in order to open ion channels. The Glycine Receptor (GlyR) is an ionotropic receptor which is involved in several neurological disorders such as addiction, chronic pain, or hyperekplexia. Because of its implication in human diseases, it is interesting to design novel drugs targeting this receptor. We used Molecular Dynamics (MD) simulations and computational electrophysiology to probe the function of available GlyR structures. We showed that none of the experimental structures display the physiological behavior of the conductive state. Using MD simulations, we captured a novel conformation of the GlyR compatible with a conductive state and demonstrated the importance of lateral portals for ionic permeation. Lastly, we proposed an original protocol, named state-based pharmacology, to discover modulators of allosteric proteins
Upton, Laura. « Altered prefrontal circuit assembly and function in mice lacking the glycine receptor α2 subunit, a model of autism and intellectual disability ». Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023SORUS714.
Texte intégralPathogenic variants in the GLRA2 gene, which encodes the glycine receptor α2 subunit, have been recently implicated as a novel cause of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and intellectual disability. Our group previously showed that Glra2-deficient male (Glra2 /Y) mice display impaired learning and memory in the novel object recognition (NOR) task and altered synaptic plasticity in the prefrontal cortex (PFC), a region consistently implicated in ASD. In addition, developmental studies in mice expressing the same Glra2 mutation reported deficits in interneuron migration and loss of cortical projection neurons associated with microcephaly. In this project, we investigated the cellular and functional alterations underlying the behavioural and synaptic defects of Glra2 /Y mice, focusing on the PFC. In contrast with previous reports, Glra2 /Y mice were not microcephalic and neuronal quantification showed no loss of either glutamatergic neurons or interneurons, including parvalbumin, calretinin and cholecystokinin interneuron subpopulations in the PFC or the somatosensory cortex. However, the number of cortical somatostatin interneurons was increased in these regions in mutant mice. These findings imply that Glra2 plays a more subtle role in neocortical development and assembly than previously suggested and are consistent with the phenotype of male patients with pathogenic GLRA2 variants, who are not microcephalic and have normal brain imaging. We also show that Glra2 /Y mice exhibit many of the hallmarks of neurodevelopmental brain dysfunction observed in other rodent models of ASD. In the adult PFC, Glra2 /Y mice show a decreased number of inhibitory synapses and increased spine density and dendritic complexity of pyramidal neurons, whilst young mice (P14-P21) have increased excitatory synaptic inputs to prefrontal pyramidal neurons, with no effect on inhibitory synaptic transmission. Taken together, these findings point to excitatory hyperconnectivity in the PFC of Glra2 /Y mice, and suggest an imbalance of excitatory and inhibitory neurotransmission in these mutant mice. To identify which brain regions are associated with the recognition memory deficit observed in Glra2 /Y mice, we quantified c-Fos expression as a marker of neuronal activation following NOR. We found that the rostral infralimbic PFC was hypoactivated in Glra2 /Y mice following this task, whilst other brain regions quantified showed similar levels of c-Fos expression compared to wild-type mice. c-Fos colocalization with neuronal markers revealed that the hypoactivation of the PFC was driven by impaired activation of glutamatergic neurons following the task. To further assess neuronal activity in the PFC in Glra2 /Y mice during cognition, we recorded calcium transients from infralimbic glutamatergic neurons using in vivo fiber photometry during NOR, and compared them with the calcium response induced by social interaction with a novel mouse. In wild-type animals, repeated exposure to objects during the training phase of the NOR task caused a progressive reduction in calcium-dependent neuronal activity during exploration. This attenuation of the calcium signals was absent from Glra2 /Y mice, further implicating an impairment of prefrontal glutamatergic activity in the NOR deficit observed in this model. In addition, despite a lack of apparent social deficits, Glra2 /Y mice exhibited an attenuated glutamatergic calcium response to novel social stimuli in the PFC. Overall, these findings show that subtle alterations in prefrontal circuit organization and physiology in Glra2 /Y mice result in altered inhibitory/excitatory balance and an aberrant response of prefrontal glutamatergic neurons during recognition memory leading to impaired task performance. These results suggest that the glycine receptor α2 subunit is crucial for normal PFC development, and that defects in prefrontal circuits may underlie the neurocognitive dysfunction observed in patients lacking GLRA2
Wang, Lu. « Régulation présynaptique de la libération de GABA et glycine dans les neurones inhibiteurs de l'Hippocampe ». Paris 6, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA066347.
Texte intégralSalvatico, Charlotte. « Mécanisme de diffusion-capture dans les synapses inhibitrices : suivi en molécule unique à haute densité et aspects thermodynamiques ». Thesis, Paris 6, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA066736/document.
Texte intégralThe synapse is a macromolecular structure whose components are constantly renewed while the assembly remains quasi-stable. At the mesoscopic level, neurotransmitter receptors (RNs) accumulate in the post-synaptic compartment (PSD). This accumulation is the result of the lateral diffusion of RNs in the neuronal membrane and transient immobilization within the PSD. This mechanism, called diffusion-trapping has been highlighted by single-molecule-tracking techniques. Scaffold proteins (PE) are localized under the post-synaptic membrane. These proteins form trapping-sites by interacting with RNs. Through an interdisciplinary approach in collaboration with chemists and physicists, the aim of my doctoral research was to understand the parameters that are involved in diffusion-trapping mechanisms. We especially focused on glycine receptor (RGly) trapping by PE clusters at inhibitory synapses, namely the scaffold protein gephyrin. The gephyrin- interaction motif of the GlyR is located within the cytoplasmic domain of the β-subunit of the receptor, the so-called β-loop. Two aspects of the impact of RGly-gephyrin binding on diffusion-trapping were studied. The first was to identify the source of the RGly-gephyrin bimodal binding. The second one addressed the regulation of gephyrin binding by phosphorylation of the GlyR βLoop.My research thus shows that it is now possible to quantify thermodynamic aspects of molecular interactions in living cells using high-density single-molecule-tracking
Vincent, Nadine. « Action de la glycine sur le métabolisme de la glutamine et sur l'uréogénèse dans les hépatocytes isolés de rat ». Lyon 1, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990LYO1T087.
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