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Littérature scientifique sur le sujet « Great Britain – Social conditions – 19th century »

Auteur : Grafiati

Publié le 4 juin 2021

Mis à jour le 31 juillet 2024

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Articles de revues sur le sujet "Great Britain – Social conditions – 19th century"

Яблонская, О. В. "Underage “Builders of Great Britain”: Child Migration in the British Empire." Historia provinciae - the journal of regional history 7, no. 3 (September 15, 2023): 870–910. http://dx.doi.org/10.23859/2587-8344-2023-7-3-3.

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Статья посвящена британской детской миграции в XIX – первой половине ХХ в. Исследованы причины и условия переезда, а также значение, которое придавалось расселению молодежи на периферии британского мира. Показано, что на миграционную политику влияли филантропические, социально-экономические факторы, империалистические, национальные и расовые соображения – акценты менялись с течением времени. До середины XIX в. переселение было вызвано желанием помочь бедным детям или стремлением депортировать лишних и опасных жителей из метрополии, со второй половины XIX в. в мигрантах стали видеть инструмент

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Eppel, Michael. "The Elite, theEffendiyya, and the Growth of Nationalism and Pan-Arabism in Hashemite Iraq, 1921–1958." International Journal of Middle East Studies 30, no. 2 (May 1998): 227–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0020743800065880.

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One of the basic characteristics of the social conditions that marked political life in the Arab states in the 1920s, 1930s, and 1940s was the complex relationship between the politicians from among the elites of traditional notables of the Fertile Crescent cities and theeffendiyya, or Westernized middle stratum. These elites consisted not only of traditional notable families, but also of families newly risen since the Tanzimat reforms in the 19th-century Ottoman Empire. Since the end of World War I, these elites had stood at the center of the new states established by the Western powers—Great

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Bilousova, Liliia. "Emigration of Jews from Odessa to Argentina in the Late 19th - Early 20th century." Mìžnarodnì zv’âzki Ukraïni: naukovì pošuki ì znahìdki, no. 29 (November 10, 2020): 35–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/mzu2020.29.036.

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The article deals with the history of emigration of Jews from the south of Ukraine to Argentina in the late 19th - early 20th century and the role of Odessa in the organizational, economic and educational support of the resettlement process. An analysis of the transformation of the idea of the Argentine project from the beginning of compact settlements to the possibility of creating a Jewish state in Patagonia is given. There are provided such aspects as reasons, preconditions and motives of emigration, its stages and results, the exceptional contribution of the businessman and philanthropis

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Tsoumas, Johannis, and Eleni Gemtou. "Marie Spartali-Stillman’s feminism against Pre-Raphaelite Brotherhood gender stereotypes art." Journal of the Belarusian State University. History, no. 2 (May 7, 2021): 48–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.33581/2520-6338-2021-2-48-60.

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In the middle of the 19th century Great Britain, Queen Victoria had been imposing her new ethical code system on social and cultural conditions, sharpening evidently the already abyssal differences of the gendered stereotypes. The Pre-Raphaelite painters reacted to the sterile way of painting dictated by the art academies, both in terms of thematology and technique, by suggesting a new, revolutionary way of painting, but were unable to escape their monolithic gender stereotypes culture. Using female models for their heroines who were often identified with the degraded position of the Victorian

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Kakhnych, Volodymyr. "Formation of legal education at the University of Lviv and universities of Great Britain in the middle of the XVII–XIX centuries." Law Review of Kyiv University of Law, no. 1 (May 5, 2021): 41–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.36695/2219-5521.1.2021.06.

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the middle of the 17th – 19th centuries. The author shows the peculiarities of the formation of legal education at the highlights universitiesthat nowadays hold leading positions in the world recognition, namely, Oxford, Cambridge, Melbourne and others. Therefore,their experience for the University of Lviv is extremely necessary. It shows that legal education was possible for the wealthy, but in theUK they managed to find a way to attract talented young people with different social statuses to get a legal education.In Great Britain between 1846 and 1855, the movement for the reform of legal ed

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Koh, Won. "The Rise and Fall of Women’s Football in Britain, 1881-1921." Korea Association of World History and Culture 64 (September 30, 2022): 231–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.32961/jwhc.2022.09.64.231.

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This paper examines the early history of British women’s football from 1881 to 1921. The history of women’s football during this period has not yet been seriously studied by Korean historians. There are many people who do not even know the existence of women's football at the end of the 19th century. Many people believe that the football is traditionally a ‘men’s sport’ and that women have entered the male realm as women’s social activities have recently expanded. However, women’s football has a history as long as men’s football. Women’s football first appeared in Britain at the end of the 19t

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Тетяна Коляда. "SOCIAL CONDITIONS FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF SECONDARY EDUCATION IN GREAT BRITAIN." Social work and social education, no. 5 (December 23, 2020): 179–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.31499/2618-0715.5.2020.220814.

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The article considers the social conditions for the development of secondary education in Great Britain (XIX – first half of the XX century). It was founded that an important factor in the formation of the British education system was the influence of the ruling class of aristocrats (landlords) and the petty nobility. It was founded that education of the majority of the population depended on the area, financial status of the family and religion. It was emphasized that religion played a significant role in the field of mass education. It has been shown that in the early nineteenth century, Eng

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Behrend, Dawn. "Poverty, Philanthropy and Social Conditions in Victorian Britain." Charleston Advisor 22, no. 1 (July 1, 2020): 51–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.5260/chara.22.1.51.

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Poverty, Philanthropy and Social Conditions in Victorian Britain published by Adam Matthew Digital is comprised of primary digital materials culled from three major archives in Britain and the UK focused on the experience of poverty in Victorian Britain and efforts involving economic, government, and social reform such as the Poor Law, workhouses, settlement houses, and philanthropic initiatives. Content is derived from the National Archives at Kew, British Library, and Senate House Library and includes pamphlets, correspondence, newspaper clippings, books, and other resources. A small portion

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Xiong, Jiangche, and Jianbin Hou. "The Impact of the French Revolution to the Great Reform Act." Communications in Humanities Research 31, no. 1 (May 17, 2024): 56–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.54254/2753-7064/31/20231863.

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This study delves into the intricate relationship between the French Revolution and the Reform Act of 1832, exploring how revolutionary ideals of liberty and equality, evolving class dynamics, and shifting socio-political contexts shaped political reform in early 19th-century Britain. The passage focuses on two main questions. Firstly, on an ideological level, how did the shock of the French Revolution impact the attitudes of various political powers in the UK towards democratic reforms? Secondly, how did the French Revolution influence the attitudes of different social classes in the UK? By e

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Mehedinți, Mihaela. "Great Britain and the United States of America as alterity figures for Romanians in the modern epoch: Ethno-cultural images and social representations." Romanian Journal for Baltic and Nordic Studies 14, no. 1 (August 1, 2022): 99–123. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/rjbns-2022-0006.

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Abstract The main characteristics of any given social group are defined through comparisons with members of other communities and result from a complex interplay. Identity and alterity are thus constructed simultaneously and interdependently in accordance with group representations emerging from various sources: direct contact through travelling, mere legends or more verifiable accounts, scientific or fictional works, press articles tackling diverse topics, school textbooks, almanacs, etc. The British and the Americans were not identified as the most noteworthy alterity figures by the Romanian

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Thèses sur le sujet "Great Britain – Social conditions – 19th century"

Aspin, Philip. "Architecture and identity in the English Gothic revival 1800-1850." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2013. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.669903.

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Childs, Michael James 1956. "Working class youth in late Victorian and Edwardian England." Thesis, McGill University, 1986. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=74015.

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Withall, Caroline Louise. "Shipped out? : pauper apprentices of port towns during the Industrial Revolution, 1750-1870." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2014. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:519153d8-336b-4dac-bf37-4d6388002214.

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The thesis challenges popular generalisations about the trades, occupations and locations to which pauper apprentices were consigned, shining the spotlight away from the familiar narrative of factory children, onto the fate of their destitute peers in port towns. A comparative investigation of Liverpool, Bristol and Southampton, it adopts a deliberately broad definition of the term pauper apprenticeship in its multi-sourced approach, using 1710 Poor Law and charity apprenticeship records and previously unexamined New Poor Law and charity correspondence to provide new insight into the chronolog

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Dean, Camille K. "True Religion: Reflections of British Churches and the New Poor Law in the Periodical Press of 1834." Thesis, University of North Texas, 1993. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc278395/.

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This study examined public perception of the social relevance of Christian churches in the year the New Poor Law was passed. The first two chapters presented historiography concerning the Voluntary crisis which threatened the Anglican establishment, and the relationship of Christian churches to the New Poor Law. Chapters 4, 5, and 6 revealed the recurring image of "true" Christianity in its relation to the church crisis and the New Poor Law in the working men's, political, and religious periodical press. The study demonstrated a particular working class interest in Christianity and the effect

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Bannerman, Sheila J., and University of Lethbridge Faculty of Arts and Science. "Manliness and the English soldier in the Anglo-Boer War 1899-1902 : the more things change, the more they stay the same." Thesis, Lethbridge, Alta. : University of Lethbridge, Faculty of Arts and Science, 2005, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10133/240.

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This thesis uses the Victorian ideology of chivalric manlines to explain the class-oriented army hierarchy developed by volunteer soldiers from northern England during the Anglo-Boer War of 1899-1902. Newspaper reports, advertising, and popular fiction reveal a public mythology of imperial manliness and neo-chivalric ideals that was transferred onto civilian volunteers, creating an ideal warrior that satisfied a thirst for honour. This mythology created a world view in which northern communities, once supporters of the burgeoning peace movement, became committed supporters of parochial units o

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Allpress, Roshan John. "Making philanthropists : entrepreneurs, evangelicals and the growth of philanthropy in the British world, 1756-1840." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2015. https://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:ab20c0ea-6720-474d-947c-b66f89c37680.

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This thesis traces the development of philanthropy as a tradition and movement within the United Kingdom and the British world, with attention to both the inner lives of philanthropists, and the social networks and organizational practices that underpinned the dramatic growth in philanthropic activity between the late 1750s and 1840. In contrast to studies that see philanthropy as primarily responsive to Britain's shifting public culture and imperial fortunes during the period, it argues that philanthropic change was driven by innovations in the internal culture and structures of intersecting

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Thompkins, Mary. "The Philanthropic Society in Britain with particular reference to the Reformatory Farm School, Redhill, 1849-1900." University of Western Australia. School of Humanities, 2007. http://theses.library.uwa.edu.au/adt-WU2007.0221.

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This study of the Philanthropic Society (later the Royal Philanthropic Society) sets out to explain how it survived during many shifts in thinking about the treatment of juvenile offenders in nineteenth-century Britain. The study also pays particular attention to relationships between the Society and the state, showing how the Society was gradually drawn into dependence on the state. The thesis begins with an overview of the Society's work prior to its decision to move from London to Redhill in 1849. Next it proceeds to a close study of the Society's work until the end of the century. The deci

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Teachout, Jeffrey Frank. "The importance of Charles Dickens in Victorian social reform." Diss., Click here for available full-text of this thesis, 2006. http://library.wichita.edu/digitallibrary/etd/2006/t035.pdf.

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Yates, Valerie (Valerie Ida). "Unusual Victorians : the personal and political unorthodoxy of Lord and Lady Amberley." Thesis, McGill University, 1986. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=65530.

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Downing, Arthur Michael. "The friendly planet : friendly societies and fraternal associations around the English-speaking world, 1840-1925." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2015. https://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:363dd204-d5f5-4639-bafd-31fd20d1ab95.

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Friendly societies and fraternal associations were self-governing convivial clubs that provided members with mutual aid in case of sickness or death. Over the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries they blossomed around the English speaking world, attracting millions of members. Combining archival research and quantitative methods, this thesis is the first multi-national economic history of the friendly societies and fraternal associations. How effective were these organisations as insurers? Were they able to overcome the problems of moral hazard and adverse selection? Were they significant

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Livres sur le sujet "Great Britain – Social conditions – 19th century"

Michael, Scott-Baumann, ed. The condition of England, 1815-53. 2nd ed. London: Hodder Education, 2008.

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Society, Economic History, ed. Social classes and social relations in Britain, 1850-1914. Houndmills, Basingstoke, Hampshire: Macmillan Education, 1992.

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Royle, Edward. Modern Britain: A social history, 1750-1997. 2nd ed. London: E. Arnold, 1997.

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Miles, Andrew. Social mobility in nineteenth- and early twentieth-century England. New York: St. Martin's Press, 1999.

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Wilson, C. Anne. Food & drink in Britain: From the Stone Age to the 19th century. Chicago: Academy Chicago Publishers, 1991.

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1966-, Tromp Marlene, ed. Victorian freaks: The social context of freakery in Britain. Columbus: Ohio State University Press, 2008.

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Economy and Society in 19th Century Britain. Taylor & Francis Group, 2013.

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Tames, Richard. Economy and Society in 19th Century Britain. Taylor & Francis Group, 2013.

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Tames, Richard. Economy and Society in 19th Century Britain. Taylor & Francis Group, 2015.

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Tames, Richard. Economy and Society in 19th Century Britain. Taylor & Francis Group, 2013.

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Chapitres de livres sur le sujet "Great Britain – Social conditions – 19th century"

Radušić, Edin. "Da li su bosanski muslimani Turci? Percepcija bosanskohercegovačkih muslimana 19. stoljeća u britanskom novinskom diskursu." In Kulturno-historijski tokovi u Bosni 15-19. stoljeća, 269–98. Univerzitet u Sarajevu - Orijentalni institut, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.48116/zb.khb22.269.

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ARE BOSNIAN MUSLIMS TURKS? PERCEPTIONS OF 19TH CENTURY BOSNIAN MUSLIMS IN BRITISH NEWSPAPER DISCOURSE The paper analyzes the perception of Bosnian Muslims’ origin and dominant identity (as well as belonging) in the newspapers that shaped public discourse in Great Britain in the 19th century, especially in its second half. The focus is on the perception of the identity of Muslims in Ottoman Bosnia in relation to “all Turks” (as well as ethnic Turks), on the one hand, and with regard to the Christian population of Bosnia and Herzegovina on the other. In this regard, it was questioned whether Bosnian Muslims were presented as a monolithic social group, the ruling caste – according to the stereotypical model of social structures in European Turkey that all Turks were spahis, agas, and beys while peasants/tenants were only Christians – or was Bosnian Muslim community represented as a structured community made up of both upper and lower socio-economic strata. An attempt was also made to answer the question, as far as possible, of how the British newspaper discourse portrayed the attitude of Bosnian Muslims towards the modern values of 19th-century European humanism (respect for life, freedom, equality). A possible narrative of non-acceptance of these values by Bosnian Muslims would put that population group on the negative side of the insurmountable dividing line between civilization and barbarism. Indirectly, the article also offers an answer to whether humanism in 19th-century Britain reached a universal level or remained limited to only those that the British considered their own to some extent (Christians of European Turkey). Keywords:Bosnia and Herzegovina, Muslims, Christians, Ottoman Empire, Great Britain, British press

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Szabó, Máté. "From the Manorial Village to the Regional Center. The Economic Development of Barcs in the Period of Dualism." In Economic and Social Changes: Historical Facts, Analyses and Interpretations, 148–60. Working Group of Economic and Social History, Regional Committee of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences in Pécs, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.15170/seshst-01-17.

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At the very beginning of my essay I point out that what kind of natural and economical conditions Barcs have had in the 19th centuries. This is important becouse I had to place Barcs into this medium, which in the beginning of the 19th was a simple manorial village situated in the flood plain of the Drava. The Drava river had a great impact on the improvement of the village. This little manorial village by the end of the century became one of the determinative villages in the region of southern Transdanubia. I show why was the location of the village so importan at that time. As a vehicular interchange and with its warehouse capacity by the beginning of the 19th century it was significant too. There were five railway lines that are met in Barcs in the begining of the 20th century. So it was a significant vehicular intersection at that time. Furthermore after Kaposvár it was the second biggest industrial centre of the county. By this time it was famous about its wood and mill industries across Europe. Moreover it had a regional centre role at different types of food industries. I introduce to what kind of economical processies and infrastructural investments helped the large economical developement of the village. At the end of my essay I want to show the series of events

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Fritz, János. "Das Lebenswerk von Graf Imre Széchényi, des Agrarierpolitikers und Publizisten des Zeitalters des Dualismus." In Explorations into the Social and Economic History of Hungary from the 18th to 21st Century, 55–69. Working Group of Economic and Social History Regional Committee of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences in Pécs, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.15170/seshst-03-05.

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The purpose of the study: To present the work of Count Imre Széchényi, a lesser-known Somogy-affiliated leader of the agrarian movement that criticized the capitalism of the end of the 19th century from the right-side. Through his theoretical and political activities to demonstrate the reform conservative toolbox with which this course at that time imagined the settlement of the peasant issue, the overcoming and the agrarian socialism. Applied methods: A critical analysis of Imre Széchényi's writings in the light of the 19th press and publications was conducted. The conclusions were complemented by analyses of agricultural and local historiography. For better contextualization, it was advisable to examine agricultural proposals with the eyes of the agricultural economist. The scenes of Imre Széchényi's operation were presented with the help of thematic maps. Outcomes: Imre Széchényi's work closely fitted into the public perception of the era, which was thinking strongly about national politics. In the age of great emigration, he also admitted that there was no Hungarian land without Hungarian small owners. Imre Széchényi saw this as feasible by adapting foreign patterns. The American journey convinced him of the usefulness of the institution of homestead, and the experience of Posen convinced him of the importance of inner colonization. It is another matter, how favourable the Hungarian conditions were to transpose them? The one-child-system, the decrease in the birth rate was again something by which one saw the Hungarian supremacy in danger. In addition, Imre Széchényi's narrower environment, Somogy, was among the leading areas in this. Széchényi saw the solution in moral rather than economic motives in his otherwise highly resonant writing dealing with the topic. Nevertheless, Imre Széchényi played an active role in the economic development of Somogy county. Thus, after the phylloxera epidemic, he, as a government commissioner was entrusted with the reconstruction of vineyard in the region of South Balaton. Similarly, he played a great role in the development of the Balaton coast, seeing the opportunity in tourism.

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Lazonick, William. "Innovative Enterprise, Industrial Leadership, and Sustainable Prosperity." In The Oxford Handbook of Industry Dynamics, C2S1—C2P129. Oxford University Press, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780190933463.013.2.

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Abstract This chapter provides a retrospective account of nearly five decades of historical and comparative research aimed at developing an economic theory that explains the shifts across nations in industrial leadership and addresses the policy challenges of developing and sustaining a successful and equitable economy. The initial research focused on the dynamics of the British cotton-textile industry, the global 19th-century leader that lost international competitiveness in the 20th century. The focus expanded to the social conditions that supported innovation across industries in Britain, the United States, and Japan in global competition in the 20th century, providing empirical foundations for the Social Conditions of Innovative Enterprise (SCIE) framework. In turn, this framework has permitted systematic research into the transition of many United States corporations from innovation to financialization, with implications for extreme economic inequality in the United States and the loss of US industrial leadership to China.

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Ghaemi, S. Nassir. "Historical Insights in Psychopharmacology." In Clinical Psychopharmacology, edited by S. Nassir Ghaemi, 508–11. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199995486.003.0047.

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The writings of two classic thinkers in psychiatry in the 19th and 20th centuries, Emil Kraepelin and Aubrey Lewis, are provided and examined for insights they provided into continuing problems in the diagnostic and treatment of psychiatric conditions today. Kraepelin was the famed great late 19th-century psychiatric leader from Germany who identified the basic distinction between schizophrenia (dementia praecox) and manic-depressive illness. He laid the foundations of much of psychiatric diagnosis that remains relevant today, and he was a committed defender of the biological approach to psychiatry, although he was conservative with the use of drugs, which were ineffective in his day. Lewis (1900–1975) was the most prominent figure in British psychiatry through most of the 20th century. He was the leader of the Institute of Psychiatry at the Maudsley Hospital for much of the middle of the 20th century. That institution in London was the most influential educational center for psychiatry in the nation. Through his leadership there, Lewis was extremely influential. He tended to be skeptical about the use of psychotropic medications, and emphasized social aspects of psychiatric illness.

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Malcolm, Rosalind, and John Pointing. "The Historical Context Of Statutory Nuisance And Public Health Legislation." In Statutory nuisance: Law and practice, 19–30. Oxford University PressOxford, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199242467.003.0003.

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Abstract Statutory nuisance is a concept that originated in the huge changes and adverse environmental conditions brought about during the Industrial Revolution in Great Britain. It was fundamental to the social legislation that was first enacted in the 1840s and 1850s, and which continued into the twentieth century in the Public Health Act of 1936. Some of this early sanitary legislation continues in the Environmental Protection Act 1990 (‘EPA 1990’), either virtually unaltered from its original formulation or in an amended form; some early formulations are to be found in other legislation, such as the Building Act 1984.

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Adderley, Laura Rosanne, and Sharla M. Fett. "Slave Trade Refugees and Imperial Agendas: The Resettlement of ‘Liberated Africans’ into British West Indian Regiments and Liberian Militias, 1808–60." In Postcoloniality and Forced Migration, 28–45. Policy Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1332/policypress/9781529218190.003.0002.

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In the 19th century, both Great Britain and the United States engaged in efforts to suppress Atlantic slave trading, principally using naval force to interdict slave ships at sea under the authority of both national laws and a network of international treaties. Among many legal and practical complications, these policies presented both nations with novel resettlement challenges related to the enslaved Africans found aboard such vessels. In both cases, policy makers made the unusual decision that some male recaptives could be effectively resettled as ‘recruits’ into armed forces. This essay takes two case studies from the British and Liberian experiences of arming African recaptives. While both cases are arguably exceptional within the larger story of slave trade suppression, they provide useful windows into the ways in which recaptive settlement became intertwined with the politics of race, imperialism and social control, even as governments styled themselves as humanitarian actors working on behalf of these ‘refugees’ from the Atlantic slave trade.

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Gonda, Tibor. "The First Golden Age of the Tourism of Pécs." In Economic and Social Changes: Historical Facts, Analyses and Interpretations, 34–40. Working Group of Economic and Social History, Regional Committee of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences in Pécs, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.15170/seshst-01-04.

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In the second half of the 19th century Pécs was one of the most dynamically developing cities of Hungary. This process persisted until World War I. The losses of the world war and the following 3 years of Serbian occupation caused huge damages in the economy and society of the city. The paper, bringing forward the antecedents of the economic history and the economic environment, reviews the first golden age of the tourism of Pécs. The tourism of Pécs experienced an extraordinary development in the 1930s. The cities of the country, getting over the trauma of World War I and the Great Economic Crisis, realised the economic opportunities of tourism and their majority started a conscious development of this branch of economy. Its importance was also realised by the management of Pécs and among the first in the country, on the 28th March, 1933 the municipality committee adjudicated to establish the tourism committee and the tourism bureau. An enthusiastic welcome “propaganda” has been launched and a conscious product development work has been realised primarily concentrating on – in today’s terms – cultural and ecotourism. The tourism supply was based on the heritage values of the city and on the natural beauties of the Mecsek Mountains. The hosting conditions, such as the accommodations and guest catering places, were established with the adequate quality. Such transport connections were realised – which can make us envious even today – as the direct flight connections with Budapest and Kaposvár or the train connections with Vienna. Budapest could be accessed within 3 hours by train and due to the cheap railways domestic tourism became multitudinous and its greatest beneficiary was Pécs. The city development decisions payed regard to the needs of tourism and there was also an intention to utilise the local products in tourism which is even fashionable today. Presently the market of local products has its renaissance. The results of the 1930s have their impacts on the tourism of the present day Pécs as well.

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Bloom, Samuel W. "The Origins." In The Word as Scalpel, 11–22. Oxford University PressNew York, NY, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195072327.003.0002.

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Abstract Medical sociology is an old conception but relatively young as a field of endeavor.’ From early in the nineteenth century, one can trace research activities that are remarkably close, at least in style, to their modern counterparts in medical sociology. Until about seventy-five years ago, however, such studies were episodic, linked to major events like the struggle for political and social rights of the European middle class in the 1840s, the similar struggle of the English working class later in the nineteenth century, and the radical technological and social changes caused by the Civil War in the United States. These events typically heightened public feelings of social responsibility and, in the process, stimulated early variants of social science. Edwin Chadwick’s Report on the Sanitary Conditions of the Laboring Population of Great Britain in 1842 is a good example. Just as typically, however, at least with inquiry about health, the motive force of such movements was not sustained. It was not until almost 1930 that an unbroken development began in the sociology of medicine, and only after World War II were individuals identified as “medical sociologists.”

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Halász, Iván. "National and Ethnic Minorities’ Legal Position in East Central Europe Between 1789 and 1989." In Lectures on East Central European Legal History (Second, Enlarged Edition), 311–42. 2nd ed. Central European Academic Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.54171/2023.ps.loecelh_11.

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This chapter provides a short history of the legal protection of national minorities in East Central Europe. The region has a relatively long history of legal protection of national and ethnic minorities. This history is connected to the complicated ethnic and social structure across the region because parallel nation- and state-building have been typical for East Central Europe in the last two centuries. The chapter distinguishes three main periods in modern history regarding the issue of minorities. The first legal norms were created in the 19th century. The multilateral international protection of minority rights was established in the interwar period, during the existence of the League of Nations, which played an important role in the realization of this protection. Many countries realized restrictive anti-minority policies during and after the Second World War (mainly in the 1945–1948 years). The introduction of the communist minority policy inspired by the Soviet (Leninist) model in East Central Europe meant an element of stabilization in the sphere of minority issues and the legal protection of minorities. A very important specific feature of the position of East Central European minorities is the dependence on the international politics and position of the great powers. This fact sometimes moderated the minority situation in the region. Despite similar circumstances, conditions, and international challenges, the internal development of the legal protection of minorities underwent a different dynamic process. These differences mainly depended on the internal development of certain states and their societies. The post-war nationalistic repressions were, for example, the most radical in Czechoslovakia and Yugoslavia, which improved the relatively generous minority policy several years later. The post-war situation was more moderate and tolerant in Romania, which implemented a radical anti-minority policy only in the 1970s, when Romania was (relatively) the most independent from pressure from Moscow. A nation-state’s greater independence in international relations (without strong international legal guarantees) was not always good news for the national and ethnic minorities in the East Central European region.

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Actes de conférences sur le sujet "Great Britain – Social conditions – 19th century"

Жолудов, М. В. "The Liberal Party in the Political System of the Great Britain in the XIXth Century: Forms and Features of Development." In Конференция памяти профессора С.Б. Семёнова ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ ЗАРУБЕЖНОЙ ИСТОРИИ. Crossref, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.55000/semconf.2023.3.3.020.

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В статье рассматриваются особенности развития Либеральной партии Великобритании в XIX в. В своем развитии она преодолела несколько этапов, каждый из которых обнаруживал тесную связь с общеисторическими изменениями в Великобритании. В работе утверждается, что способность правящей элиты страны вовремя перейти к политике либеральных преобразований позволила ей преодолеть серьезный социально-политический кризис и спасти Великобританию от революции. Особое внимание уделено исследованию влияния парламентской реформы 1832 г. на формирование структуры партии. Заслугой либералов было то, что они сумели

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Cuciureanu, Ana-Maria. "Traditional nutrition. Case study — Th e Romanian community in Greece." In Simpozion internațional de etnologie: Tradiții și procese etnice, Ediția III. Institute of Cultural Heritage, Republic of Moldova, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.52603/9789975841733.08.

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The act of “eating” is part of the ritual and ceremonial acts that have a great capacity for social transformation with a well-marked symbolic eff ectiveness. Th e history of nutrition cannot be seen as detached from the history of humanity, as they are identifi ed in the stages of their evolution. Factors that play an important role in this regard, infl uencing and sizing specifi c meanings and connotations, are the natural environment, climatic conditions, the socio-economic structure of communities, spiritual beliefs. Migration has been an acute phenomenon of the Romanian society in the las

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