Littérature scientifique sur le sujet « Habitat indigne »
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Articles de revues sur le sujet "Habitat indigne"
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Squinazi, Fabien. « Habitat indigne/insalubre ». Environnement Risques Santé 21, no 1 (février 2022) : 85–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1684/ers.2021.1608.
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Damon, Julien. « Mal-logement, bidonvilles et habitat indigne en France ». Recherches et Prévisions 76, no 1 (2004) : 116–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.3406/caf.2004.2796.
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De Baecque, Vincent. « Les itin�raires r�sidentiels des personnes en habitat indigne� : retour sur le n� 180 de Recherche sociale ». Recherche sociale N�214, no 2 (2015) : 86. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/recsoc.214.0086.
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Delancey, Clayton D., et Kamal Islam. « Post-fledging habitat use in a declining songbird ». PeerJ 7 (30 août 2019) : e7358. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.7358.
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Background Fledglings of many mature forest-dependent Neotropical songbirds move from mature forest habitats into areas of thick vegetation such as regenerating clearcuts. The Cerulean Warbler (Setophaga cerulea), a Neotropical migratory songbird, is a species of conservation concern across its range and it is listed as endangered in Indiana. This species has declined faster than any other species of wood-warbler in North America. Most prior research on Cerulean Warblers has examined the breeding biology, but there are no data on habitat use by fledgling Cerulean Warblers. Our research aimed to determine where fledgling Cerulean Warblers dispersed after they left their nest, but before they migrated to their wintering grounds. Methods Since 2007, Cerulean Warbler breeding populations have been monitored in Yellowwood and Morgan–Monroe state forests in southern Indiana as part of a 100-year study called the Hardwood Ecosystem Experiment. To identify habitats used by fledgling Cerulean Warblers, we captured by hand or mist-nets, adult and juvenile Cerulean Warblers once young had fledged from a nest. We attached radio-transmitters to individuals and tracked each bird daily using radio-telemetry. Radio-telemetry data were collected from May to July 2015–2017, and microhabitat data on fledgling locations and random locations were collected during the same years in the month of July. Results Fledgling presence, when compared to random non-use sites, was positively correlated to presence of grapevines, greater vertical vegetation density, and greater ground and canopy cover. Fledgling presence was negatively correlated with white oak abundance, aspect, basal area, and the abundance of mature trees that Cerulean Warbler adults use for nesting. Conclusions Our study is the first to demonstrate that Cerulean Warbler fledglings occupy habitats that are characterized by specific habitat components. Fledgling sites were located in areas with high vegetation density, such as clusters of grapevine, which provided cover from predators. Identifying Cerulean Warbler habitats throughout the breeding season can better inform natural resource personnel on how to manage forests to meet the habitat needs of this rapidly declining migratory songbird.
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Lindstrom, John M., Michael W. Eichholz et Adam C. Behney. « Effect of Habitat Management on Duck Behavior and Distribution During Spring Migration in Indiana ». Journal of Fish and Wildlife Management 11, no 1 (6 décembre 2019) : 80–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.3996/062019-jfwm-044.
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Abstract Spring migration is an important life stage for ducks because their ability to find and acquire nutrients can affect subsequent reproductive success. Therefore, providing sufficient habitat to support the energetic needs of ducks and facilitate efficient feeding is a goal of habitat management and restoration. The rapid, unpredictable flood events that regularly occur in highly modified landscapes can make habitat management challenging and justify diverse management strategies. We examined the effect of habitat management on dabbling duck behavior and distribution during spring migration in southwest Indiana. We investigated three management options for wetlands: active management, passive management, and unmanaged agricultural food plots. We assessed duck behavior and density on 14 wetlands at Patoka River National Wildlife Refuge and Management Area. The agricultural food-plot areas had the lowest estimates of food availability followed by the actively managed areas; the passively managed wetlands had the greatest estimate. Dabbling duck density was greatest on the actively managed wetlands followed by food plots coming in second and passively managed wetlands third. Most dabbling ducks fed more intensively while on the passively managed wetlands followed by the actively managed and food-plot wetlands. Conservation prioritization of passively managed areas would provide larger areas for dabbling ducks to feed, but active management provides habitat regardless of climatic variability. Moving forward, wetland complexes encompassing diverse wetland management approaches would be the best option for spring-migrating waterfowl as these complexes can provide high-quality habitats and buffer against uncontrollable climactic conditions.
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Grundel, Ralph, et Noel B. Pavlovic. « Distinctiveness, Use, and Value of Midwestern Oak Savannas and Woodlands as Avian Habitats ». Auk 124, no 3 (1 juillet 2007) : 969–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/auk/124.3.969.
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Abstract Oak savannas and woodlands historically covered millions of hectares in the midwestern United States but are rare today. We evaluated the ecological distinctiveness and conservation value of savannas and woodlands by examining bird distributions across a fire-maintained woody-vegetation gradient in northwest Indiana encompassing five habitats—open habitats with low canopy cover, savannas, woodlands, scrublands, and forests—during migration, breeding, and overwintering. Savannas and woodlands were significantly different in overall bird species composition from open and forest habitats but were often intermediate between open and forest in guild densities. Few bird species were consistently and highly concentrated in savannas or woodlands, and the Red-headed Woodpecker (Melanerpes erythrocephalus) was the only species significantly more abundant in savannas and woodlands than in open, scrub, and forest habitats. Fire frequency over a 15-year interval was a significant predictor of bird community composition and was positively related to species diversity, spring transient migrant density, and density of the most threatened species. Each habitat type had characteristics potentially important for avian conservation. Scrub had the highest density of transient migrants, which suggests it plays an important role as migration stopover habitat. More species were significantly concentrated in open or forest habitats than in the other habitats. Lack of species concentration and intermediate community composition suggested that birds experienced savannas and woodlands more as ecotones than as habitats distinct from forests or grasslands. However, this intermediate character can benefit conservation, as evidenced by savannas and woodlands having the highest density of the most threatened species along this woody-vegetation gradient. Características Únicas, Uso y Valor de las Sabanas y Bosques Abiertos de Roble del Oeste Central como Hábitats para las Aves
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Khan, Humayun Reza, Md Muzahidul Islam, Tangin Akter, Md Rezaul Karim et Md Sheik Farid. « Diversity of mosquitoes and their seasonal fluctuation in two wards of Dhaka city ». Dhaka University Journal of Biological Sciences 23, no 1 (3 août 2014) : 17–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/dujbs.v23i1.19822.
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The diversity and seasonal fluctuation of mosquitoes were studied in the two Wards (No. 53 and 54) of Dhaka City from March, 2011 to February, 2012. Eleven habitats under six spots, viz. Ramna Park, Hatir Jheel, Siddeshwary field, Moghbazar pond, Wireless lane and Indoor habitats were surveyed. Altogether 13 species of mosquitoes were identified belonging to four genera and these were Culex quinquefasciatus, Cx. gelidus, Cx. vishnui, Cx. fuscocephala, Cx. tritaeniorhynchus, Cx. hutchinsoni, Cx. fatigans, Mansonia annulifera, Mn. uniformis, Mn. indiana, Aedes aegypti, Ae. Albopictus and Armigeres subalbatus. Seven species, e.g. Cx. gelidus, Cx. vishnui, Ae. aegypti, Ae. albopictus, Mn. uniformis, Mn. annulifera and Mn. indiana were dominant in the months from June to October; three species, e.g. Cx. fuscocephala, Cx. quinquefasciatus and Ae. aegypti from November to February; and nine species, e.g. Ae. aegypti, Ae. albopictus, Ar. subalbatus, Cx. fuscocephala, Cx. gelidus, Cx. quinquefasciatus, Cx. tritaeniorhynchus, Cx. vishnui and Mn. annulifera from March to May. Cx. quinquefasciatus was present in all habitats except the fresh water lake. In semi?polluted Jheel, all the mosquito species, except Ae. aegypti, Ae. albopictus and Mn. indiana were observed. In coconut shell, larvae belonging to Cx. quinquefasciatus, Cx. fuscocephala, Ae. aegypti and Ar. subalbatus were observed. In tree holes, Ae. albopictus occupied the highest number. In tubs, Cx. quinquefasciatus, Cx. vishnui, Ae. aegypti and Ae. albopictus were found. In polluted drains, Cx. quinquefasciatus, Cx. vishnui and Cx. gelidus were common, but Cx. quinquefasciatus was the dominant one. In indoor habitat, Cx. quinquefasciatus and Ae. aegypti were more abundant. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/dujbs.v23i1.19822 Dhaka Univ. J. Biol. Sci. 23(1): 17-26, 2014
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Beatty, William S., James C. Beasley, Guha Dharmarajan et Olin E. Rhodes. « Genetic structure of a Virginia opossum (Didelphis virginiana) population inhabiting a fragmented agricultural ecosystem ». Canadian Journal of Zoology 90, no 1 (janvier 2012) : 101–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/z11-119.
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Fragmentation has drastically altered the quality of habitats throughout numerous ecosystems, often leading to dramatic changes in the composition of wildlife communities. The ecology and associated movement behavior of a species may also be modified as a result of forest fragmentation, resulting in changes in genetic composition of the affected species. In this research, we evaluated the genetic structure of the Virginia opossum ( Didelphis virginiana Kerr, 1792) at the landscape and local scales in a fragmented, agricultural ecosystem in northern Indiana using 13 microsatellite loci. We examined 290 samples from opossums inhabiting 28 discrete habitat patches, and evaluated partitioning of genetic variation of opossums among and within habitat patches. We observed low but significant levels of genetic structure (FST = 0.005) overall, and pairwise comparisons of FST values among habitat patches also were relatively low. Relatedness within patches was highly variable (–0.077 ≤ rxy ≤ 0.060), with a few patches exhibiting significantly higher levels of relatedness than random expectations, and we detected no evidence of sex-biased natal dispersal. These results contrast with previous field studies that documented male-biased dispersal in the Virginia opossum, indicating dispersal in this species is plastic and dependent upon local environmental conditions.
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Wissinger, Scott A. « Comparative population ecology of the dragonflies Libellula lydia and Libellula luctuosa (Odonata : Libellulidae) ». Canadian Journal of Zoology 67, no 4 (1 avril 1989) : 931–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/z89-135.
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Temporal and spatial patterns of habitat use, population size structure, and survivorship were compared over three generations of Libellula lydia and Libellula luctuosa in a small pond in Indiana. The two species were univoltine, had similar phenologies, and converged on the same within-pond habitats. There was little evidence for any spatial and (or) temporal habitat partitioning that might be expected between such morphologically and ecologically similar species. Larval populations of each species were highly size structured because oviposition and hatching were extended over 3 months in summer. Intraspecific size differences were greater than those frequently reported to accommodate interspecific coexistence. Thus, intraspecific resource partitioning and cannibalism should have an important effect on population dynamics. Both similar and disparate interspecific size combinations frequently co-occurred in time and space so that competition and predation should simultaneously affect coexistence. Larval mortality was high in late summer and fall, negligible in winter, and high again in spring. Fewer than 10% of either species survived to emerge from the pond. Interodonate predation is a likely source of much of this larval mortality, given that other odonates are among the most abundant large predators in fishless ponds.
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Pointier, J. P., P. David et P. Jarne. « Biological invasions : the case of planorbid snails ». Journal of Helminthology 79, no 3 (septembre 2005) : 249–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/joh2005292.
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AbstractA large number of planorbid snails are now commonly transported by man mainly through the aquatic plant trade. However, only a restricted number of species establish viable populations in a new habitat and a more restricted number spread. Only five planorbid species can be ranked in this last category and can be considered as pests because of their role in the transmission of parasites to humans or domestic animals:Biomphalaria glabrata,B. straminea,B. tenagophila,B. pfeifferiandIndoplanorbis exustus. The neotropicalB. glabrata,B. stramineaandB. tenagophilahave proven their capacity to invade another continent sometimes creating new transmission foci. The AfricanB. pfeifferiand the IndianI. exustushave also expanded their distribution area with long-distance dispersal. Other planorbid species, i.e.Helisoma duryi, Amerianna carinataandGyraulusspp. have been able to establish viable populations, but not to spread, presumably because they are limited to specific habitats or/and display poor competitive abilities.
Thèses sur le sujet "Habitat indigne"
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El, Bahri Mourad. « La politique de logement en Algérie ». Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université Côte d'Azur, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024COAZ0024.
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La politique de logement en Algérie, longtemps négligée dans les études juridiques malgré son importance, est mise en lumière. Son évolution historique, marquée par des pratiques coloniales discriminatoires, ainsi que les réformes post-indépendance visant à corriger ces inégalités, avec un accent particulier sur le logement social, sont soulignées. À partir des années 1980, le secteur privé a été progressivement intégré à la politique de logement, sous l'influence d'institutions internationales. L'étude se focalise sur le cadre juridique algérien, sans effectuer de comparaison avec d'autres systèmes, et adopte une approche interdisciplinaire pour analyser les dimensions juridiques et socio-économiques. Cependant, des difficultés sont rencontrées en raison du manque de recherches doctrinales et de données fiables.Cette recherche interroge la cohérence et l'efficacité des lois sur le logement en Algérie, souvent coûteuses pour l'État, et explore des alternatives telles que les partenariats public-privé. Elle met en évidence l'ambiguïté du cadre juridique, où le droit au logement, bien qu'inscrit dans la Constitution, demeure principalement symbolique. L'étude est structurée en deux parties : une analyse du cadre juridique et une évaluation critique des politiques de logement, avec des propositions de réformes pour améliorer leur cohérence et efficacité.L'évolution de la politique du logement en Algérie a été marquée par la diversité des stratégies adoptées, dominées par un acteur central : l'État. Après l'indépendance, l'État a pris en charge la politique du logement de manière exclusive, une situation justifiée par le contexte post-colonial. Toutefois, avec le temps, cette domination étatique a montré ses limites, rendant nécessaire l'implication d'autres acteurs. Le désengagement progressif de l'État visait à instaurer une coopération avec le secteur privé, mais celui-ci n'était pas suffisamment préparé pour prendre le relais, ce qui a complexifié l'application des politiques et la législation en matière de logement.Le changement de cette politique est également influencé par des questions budgétaires. Les investissements massifs dans la construction de logements ont entraîné des coûts financiers exorbitants, nécessitant des réformes. Il est de plus en plus reconnu que l'État ne peut plus être l'unique fournisseur de logements. Une approche plus diversifiée et coopérative est prônée, bien que les tentatives de changement soient marquées par des ambiguïtés et des résistances.La politique de logement en Algérie, malgré des investissements considérables et une volonté affichée de répondre aux besoins en logements, montre des limites en termes d'efficacité et de viabilité financière. Bien que des efforts aient été faits pour combler le déficit de logements, les résultats n'ont pas répondu aux attentes, et la politique est souvent perçue comme coûteuse et mal adaptée, persistant malgré des obstacles récurrents.Contrairement à la tendance mondiale vers des politiques néolibérales, l'Algérie a choisi de maintenir une politique sociale forte, en particulier dans le domaine du logement. Bien que cette approche soit reconnue par certaines organisations internationales, elle devient de plus en plus difficile à soutenir financièrement et à rendre véritablement efficace. Cette persistance suscite des critiques, certains estimant que la politique de logement sert davantage des intérêts politiques que ceux des citoyens.La complexité administrative, les réglementations multiples, et le manque de contribution significative des juristes algériens freinent également le progrès. Le droit du logement en Algérie est peu développé, rendant urgente la nécessité de repenser la politique en profondeur. Il devient indispensable d'intégrer de nouveaux acteurs économiques et de mieux structurer juridiquement le secteur pour garantir un avenir plus durable et efficaceThe housing policy in Algeria, long overlooked in legal studies despite its importance, is brought to light. Its historical evolution, marked by discriminatory colonial practices, as well as post-independence reforms aimed at addressing these inequalities with a particular focus on social housing, are highlighted. Since the 1980s, the private sector has been gradually integrated into housing policy, under the influence of international institutions. The study focuses on the Algerian legal framework without comparing it to other systems, and adopts an interdisciplinary approach to analyze the legal and socio-economic dimensions. However, challenges arise due to the lack of doctrinal research and reliable data.This research questions the coherence and effectiveness of housing laws in Algeria, which are often costly for the state, and explores alternatives such as public-private partnerships. It highlights the ambiguity of the legal framework, where the right to housing, although enshrined in the Constitution, remains largely symbolic. The study is structured in two parts: an analysis of the legal framework and a critical evaluation of housing policies, with reform proposals to improve their coherence and effectiveness.The evolution of housing policy in Algeria has been marked by the diversity of strategies adopted, dominated by a central actor: the state. After independence, the state exclusively controlled housing policy, a situation justified by the post-colonial context. However, over time, this state dominance has shown its limits, making the involvement of other actors necessary. The state's gradual withdrawal aimed to establish cooperation with the private sector, but the latter was not sufficiently prepared to take over, complicating the implementation of policies and housing legislation.This policy shift is also influenced by budgetary concerns. Massive investments in housing construction have led to exorbitant financial costs, necessitating reforms. It is increasingly recognized that the state can no longer be the sole provider of housing. A more diversified and cooperative approach is being advocated, although attempts at change are marked by ambiguities and resistance.The housing policy in Algeria, despite considerable investments and a clear intent to meet housing needs, shows limitations in terms of efficiency and financial sustainability. While efforts have been made to address the housing deficit, the results have not met expectations, and the policy is often perceived as costly and poorly adapted, persisting despite recurring obstacles.Unlike the global trend towards neoliberal policies, Algeria has chosen to maintain a strong social policy, particularly in the housing sector. Although this approach is recognized by some international organizations, it is becoming increasingly difficult to sustain financially and to make truly effective. This persistence has drawn criticism, with some arguing that the housing policy serves political interests more than those of the citizens.Administrative complexity, multiple regulations, and the lack of significant contribution from Algerian legal scholars also hinder progress. Housing law in Algeria is underdeveloped, making it urgent to rethink the policy in depth. It is essential to integrate new economic actors and to better structure the legal framework of the sector to ensure a more sustainable and effective future
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Basile, Cynthia. « Relative abundance and habitat selection by Cerulean warblers in southern Indiana ». Virtual Press, 2002. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/1236576.
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Basey, Gary L. « Relative abundance and habitat characteristics of woodland hawks in east-central Indiana ». Virtual Press, 1998. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/1115728.
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This study investigates the status and habitat characteristics of the Cooper's Hawk (Accipiter cooperi), the Red-shouldered Hawk (Buteo lineatus), the Broadwinged Hawk (Buteo platvpterus), and the Red-tailed Hawk (Buteo 'amaicensis) in East-central Indiana to provide information useful for the conservation of these species. Surveys of hawks were conducted using taped Great-horned Owl broadcasts at 350 points between April and July, 1995 and 1996. The relative abundance was estimated using the proportion of area occupied technique. Estimates of the proportion of area occupied by each species ranged from 4% to 34%. Red-tailed Hawks were estimated to occupy 34% of the area surveyed. Estimates of the area occupied by Cooper's Hawks was 8% and by Red-shouldered Hawks was 4%. Broad-winged Hawks only occupied two points, therefore no estimate of the area occupied was determined. Macro-habitat characteristics were quantified for each species within a 0.8-km radius of the center of each occupied area and were compared with randomly selected unoccupied areas. Large forested areas with less human development were most preferred by Red-shouldered and Broad-winged Hawks. Cooper's hawks and Red-tailed hawks were found in a wide variety of habitat types.Department of Biology
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Hasenmyer, Elizabeth D. « Habitat characteristics of star-nosed moles in northeast Indiana ». Virtual Press, 2005. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/1328114.
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Twenty-one sites were surveyed for star-nosed mole (Condylura cristata) activity during May-October, 2001 and 2002. Star-nosed moles were live-trapped and their habitat characteristics were quantified and compared to habitat characteristics at nonuse sites, as well as capture sites of three other small mammal species: the short-tailed shrew (Blarina brevicauda), the whitefooted mouse (Peromyscus leucopus) and the meadow vole (Microtus pennsylvanicus). Star-nosed moles were captured at sites characterized by moist, clay-loam soils with a slightly acidic pH, prominent horizontal cover, and a nearby water source. Starnosed mole habitat was similar to that of short-tailed shrews and white-footed mice, but differed from that of meadow voles.Department of Biology
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Weinman, Michelle L. « Grass pickerel diet and habitat selection in Indiana rivers and streams ». Virtual Press, 2006. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/1356256.
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Grass pickerel were collected in rivers and streams throughout Indiana for diet analysis. Frequency of occurrence, mean percent volume, and relative importance index were calculated for diet from all grass pickerel stomachs containing food. Grass pickerel were divided into three size classes (57-95mm, 96-150mm, >150mm) and stomach contents were divided into four groups (insects, fish, crayfish, and other). Grass pickerel in the small size class consumed mostly fish and crayfish while in the largest size class mostly crayfish were ingested. In addition, habitat selection was identified for grass pickerel. Macro and microhabitat were evaluated and described using the Qualitative Habitat Evaluation Index and visual assessment. Grass pickerel selected habitat with slow moving water and instream cover of either logs/woody debris or aquatic macrophytes.Department of Biology
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Register, Sarah M. « Breeding biology and habitat associations of cerulean warblers in southern Indiana ». Virtual Press, 2007. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/1372052.
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The Cerulean Warbler (Dendroica cerulea), a once common summer inhabitant and breeder in southern Indiana, has declined at both local and continental population levels. Effects of specific silvicultural practices on the distribution and abundance of the Cerulean Warbler is unknown. During the summers of 2005 & 2006, Cerulean Warblers were surveyed within the Morgan-Monroe and Yellowwood state forests, as well as the Hoosier National Forest in southern Indiana. Three forest types were surveyed; unharvested reference sites were compared with single tree selection treatments and treatments where a combination of group and single tree selection was used. Mean bird abundance was estimated from bird surveys to determine if a correlation exists between silvicultural regimes and Cerulean Warbler abundance. Cerulean Warblers were located in all treatment types, with no significant differences in abundance between or among treatment types examined. These results suggest that uneven-age management practices, such as single tree and group selection harvesting, provide suitable breeding habitat for Cerulean Warblers.Knowledge of Cerulean Warbler (Dendroica cerulea) male pairing status based on song rates and frequencies, as well as familiarity with non-song vocalizations could be an effective management tool when studying this species. Cerulean Warblers were recorded throughout the breeding season, and 18 song variables were measured and compared between paired and unpaired males using Logistic Regression. Unpaired males had higher song rates and higher minimum frequencies than paired male counterparts. Female and fledgling call notes were also recorded and quantitatively analyzed. These analyses offer further understanding of intraspecific call functions of this species.Department of Biology
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Mueller, Robert F. Jr. « Fish assemblages in the Wabash River : responses to substrate variation in field collections and artifical streams ». Virtual Press, 2008. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/1391677.
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Relationships between fish assemblage composition and substrate variation is poorly understood in large rivers. Information on fishes occurrence and behavior and substrate variation were examined in field observations for the Middle Wabash River and fine scale artificial streams experiments. The results from field observations suggested strong concordance for variation in abundance of fishes with habitat variation among sites, resulting in a longitudinal river gradient as dominant in the Middle Wabash River. In addition, shifts in fish behavior within artificial stream experiments demonstrated that species-specific habitat selection behaviors were influenced by interactions within a fish assemblage. The combination of artificial stream experiments and field observations can identify fine scale trends that bioassessment surveys cannot tease apart, and highlighting the need to examine species-habitat relationships at more than one scale.Department of Biology
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Trudelle, Laurène. « Distribution et préférences d'habitats des baleines à bosse de l'hémisphère Sud en période de reproduction ». Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016SACLS038/document.
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L’étude des déplacements des baleines à bosse (Megaptera novaeangliae) en relation avec les paramètres environnementaux permet d’apporter des informations précieuses sur leur distribution et leurs préférences d’habitats. Grâce à des données d’observations opportunistes collectées dans le canal de Sainte Marie (Nord-Est de Madagascar) et des données de télémétrie collectées pour cette étude (25 baleines équipées de balises Argos), cette thèse a pour objectif l’étude des déplacements et de l’utilisation de l’habitat des baleines à bosse de Madagascar en fonction du sexe et du statut reproducteur. Des variables physiographiques et océanographiques (mesurées par satelllite) ont été extraites sous chaque position. Un schéma général d’utilisation de l’habitat en période de reproduction a également été proposé à partir de données de télémétrie provenant de différentes zones de reproduction de l’Hémisphère Sud: le Brésil (n=82 individus), l’Australie de l’Ouest (n=26) et l’Australie de l’Est (n=11). Dans le canal de Sainte Marie, nos résultats ont montré une ségrégation temporelle d’un mois avec une première partie de saison dominée par les groupes avec baleineaux et une seconde dominée par les groupes sans baleineaux (Chapitre III). La profondeur influence la distribution des groupes sociaux avec une préférence des couples mère-baleineau pour les plus faibles profondeurs (< 20 m). Le long de la côte de Madagascar, les déplacements localisés des femelles sont associés à des habitats plus profonds et plus éloignés de la côte que ce qui avait été supposé (Chapitre IV). En revanche, les mâles ne semblent pas montrer de préférences d’habitats particuliers bien qu’ils diminuent leur vitesse de nage dans les zones peu profondes. En zone océanique, les individus se déplacent de façon plus erratique dans les eaux les moins profondes, de faible courant ou les plus riches en chlorophylle a. La vitesse du courant de surface ne semble pas être un facteur majeur dans le déplacement des baleines à bosse. Cependant, elles semblent suivre la même direction que celui-ci lorsque ce dernier est fort. Notre étude comparative entres les zones de reproduction a montré que la distribution spatiale varie selon la période de la saison, entre les sites étudiés et selon le sexe (Chapitre V). En début et fin de saison, les mâles se déplacent de manière plus directe et exploitent des zones plus au large que les femelles, notamment celles avec baleineau. Au pic de la saison, les mâles et les femelles effectuent des déplacements plus localisés. La prise en compte des différences dans la variabilité spatio-temporelle des mâles et des femelles en zone de reproduction apparait être une nécessité pour mieux comprendre l’écologie des baleines à bosse et contribuer à la conservation de l’espèceOf key importance for the comprehension of humpback whales’ (Megaptera novaeangliae) distribution patterns and habitat use is to quantify how ecological and environmental factors affect the distribution of animals, which requires knowledge on dispersal movements of individuals. Using an opportunistic sightings dataset collected in the Sainte Marie Channel (Northeast of Madagascar) and satellite telemetry data acquired for this study (25 tagged whales), the aim of this thesis was to study the movements and the habitat use of humpback whales in Madagascar during the breeding season, according to sex and reproductive status. Physiographic and oceanographic variables (measured by satellite) were extracted under each position. A general distribution pattern of habitat use during the breeding season was also proposed based on additional humpback whales tracks from others breeding grounds of the Southern Hemisphere: Brazil (n=82 individuals), the Western Australian coast (n=26), and the Eastern Australian coast (n=11). In the Sainte-Marie Channel, groups without calves dominated the first 30 days of the breeding season, followed by an increase in groups with calves (Chapter III). Water depth influenced the distribution of social groups with mother-calf pairs more frequently found in relatively shallow water (0-20 m). Along the coast of Madagascar, over the shelf, females showed localized behavior in deep water and at large distances from shore suggesting that their breeding habitat extends beyond the shallow coastal waters (Chapter IV). Males’ active swimming speed decreased in shallow waters, but we found no influence of environmental parameters on males’ movements. In oceanic habitats, both males and females showed localized behaviors in shallow waters and high surface chlorophyll-a concentrations. The active swimming speed accounts for a large proportion of the whale observed speed while observed direction of tagged whales tending to be closer to the current direction when the current intensity was high. Our comparative study between breeding areas showed that the spatial distribution varies according to the period of the season, between the studied sites, sex and breeding status (Chapter V). Early and late in the season, males moved more directly and in more offshore areas than females, especially females with calves. At the peak of the season, both males and females performed more localized movements than at the other periods. Accounting for differences in the spatio-temporal variability of the distribution of males and females in the breeding grounds seems a necessity to better understand the humpback whales ecology and contribute to the species conservation
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Stinton, Lorey. « Habitat design for large predatory mammals : current trends in and exploration of habitat-based exhibits for wolves (Canis lupis) : Delaware County, Indiana : site design investigation ». Virtual Press, 2006. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/1338874.
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This study examined general habitat needs for a selected large predatory mammal. Identifying the physical and psychological needs of Canis lupus was the main focus. The objective of the creative project was to design a facility that will not only preserve the animal but also its behaviors.The study consisted of three phases. The first phase consisted of researching wild predators and the natural habitats in which they reside as well as designed habitats for these same predators. This phase included examination and evaluation of various design projects that have attempted to meet the needs of large predatory mammals. The second phase consisted of establishing design guidelines that ensure healthy habitats for wolves. The design guidelines were established by synthesizing information researched about habitats for wild wolves and habitats provided to captive wolves. The third phase consisted of the application of these guidelines in a site design.Department of Landscape Architecture
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Martin-O'Brien, Josiane. « L'internationalisation du management en Inde par la formation : les effets du "PGPMX" sur des managers indiens de grandes entreprises industrielles publiques ». Thesis, Paris Sciences et Lettres (ComUE), 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PSLED064.
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Dans le contexte des effets de la mondialisation sur une économie émergente, le travail de recherche présenté ici s’attache à démontrer le processus d’ouverture internationale du manager industriel indien. Face aux mutations auxquelles sont confrontées les entreprises de la dixième économie mondiale, il est à la fois l’acteur de l’internationalisation et l’objet des transformations induites par celle-ci. Une recherche empirique et qualitative menée dans des entreprises industrielles indiennes décrit et modélise cette ouverture internationale pour la catégorie des managers intermédiaires, par le biais d’un programme de formation supérieure en gestion international indien, qui sert de cas d’étude : le Post Graduate Diploma in Management for Exécutive – PGDMX- dont le modèle réfèrent est américain. S’appuyant sur une analyse réflexive du discours de managers indiens diplômés PGPMX, ce travail s’attache à s’interroger sur l’homogénéité des pratiques et des théories managériales vis-à-vis de la spécificité de la culture du management à l’indienne. La mobilisation des concepts de la théorie de la pratique de Pierre Bourdieu, conduit à porter son attention sur l’existence d’un habitus international, et d’un gain en capital symbolique, culturel et social pour le manager diplômé du PGPMX. Les résultats montrent aussi une tension entre les nouveaux principes managériaux et les valeurs ancrées dans la culture indienne, en même temps qu’un processus « d’indigénisation sociale » du diplôme. Ce travail s’adresse, certes, aux entreprises publiques indiennes et en particulier aux services RH sur la gestion des talents, mais aussi aux Ecoles de management en Inde et en Occident; ainsi qu'aux entrepreneurs étrangers qui souhaitent développer des activités en Inde, en mettant en évidence la force de la violence symbolique, liée à toute intrusion culturelle, et source de résistance de par la nature autonome de la tradition indienne, à la fois industrielle, culturelle, et humaineIn the context of the effects of globalization on an emerging economy, the research presented here is aimed at demonstrating the process of internationalization of middle managers in Indian industrial enterprises, via advanced management training. These very large public enterprises are both, key actors engaged in deploying globalization effects, and the objects of those transformations. Based on empirical and qualitative study, using semi-structured interviews carried out in these large Indian industrial enterprises, what follows is a report describing and modeling the internationalization of a panel of former participants of a Post Graduated Diploma in Management for Executives (PGPMX), of American MBA inspiration. The originality of this research is to offer a reflexive report of the nature of this training, as the participants experienced it, and the consequences for them professionally and personally. This allows the investigation of the fit of managerial practices and theory as offered by business schools, using the US model vis-à-vis the managerial demands in Indian enterprises, wrapped in the specificities of the Indian culture. As an interpretative strategy, the data gathered from the extensive field work was treated in reference to the project of Pierre Bourdieu—with particular attention to the figure of habitus, and special focus on modifications of capital’—symbolic, cultural and social; Result show a gain in all three, and reveal a residual tension between the new management principles, and the traditional values. This research, should be of value for the Human Resource Development function of Indian Industrial Enterprises, and for the schools of management—both Indian and Western, that offer these training programs. It should also interest foreign enterprises that seek entry into the Indian market, by enabling a better comprehension of the ‘symbolic violence’, associated with the intrusion of foreign cultural practices and values
Livres sur le sujet "Habitat indigne"
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Montesinos, Roberto Mantilla. Historia crítica del habitat en Bolivia. La Paz, Bolivia : Universidad Mayor de San Andrés, 1992.
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Bevan, Bernard. Los chinantecos y su habitat. México, D.F : Instituto Nacional Indigenista, 1987.
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Olazábal, Mario E. Osorio. Uasikamak : El ordenador del espacio que habita el ser. Lima, Perú : Mario Osorio Olazabal, 2012.
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Kniowski, Andrew B. Summer ecology of Indiana bats in Ohio. Columbus, OH : Ohio Dept. of Transportation, 2011.
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A, Menzel Michael, et United States. Forest Service. Northeastern Research Station., dir. Review of the forest habitat relationships of the Indiana bat (Myotis sodalis). Newton Square, PA : U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, Forest Service, Northeastern Research Station, 2001.
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Cremilda, Medina, dir. O Primeiro habitante. [São Paulo] : USP/ECA/CJE, 1992.
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Mark, Ford W., et United States. Forest Service. Northeastern Research Station., dir. Summer roost-tree selection by a male Indiana bat on the Fernow Experimental Forest. [Newtown Square, PA] : U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, Forest Service, Northeastern Research Station, 2002.
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Mark, Ford W., et United States. Forest Service. Northeastern Research Station, dir. Summer roost-tree selection by a male Indiana bat on the Fernow Experimental Forest. [Newtown Square, PA] : U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, Forest Service, Northeastern Research Station, 2002.
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Jayawardena, Sharni. Turning around the tsunami : UN-HABITAT working in partnership with Sri Lanka. Nairobi : United Nations Human Settlements Programme, 2011.
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Morgado, Héctor Morales. Habitar el desierto : Cuadernos de campo de puna atacameña (1995-2015). Santiago, Chile : Subdirección de Investigación, 2018.
Trouver le texte intégralChapitres de livres sur le sujet "Habitat indigne"
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Pandiyan, J., M. Sandeep et A. Desai. « Habitat Use of Nilgiri Tahr Nilgiritragus hylocrius in Western Ghats, India ». Dans Indian Hotspots, 241–50. Singapore : Springer Singapore, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-6605-4_12.
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Gopal, Brij. « Indian subcontinent and the aquatic habitats ». Dans Ecology and management of aquatic vegetation in the Indian subcontinent, 7–28. Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-1984-6_2.
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Baskaran, Nagarajan, R. Kanakasabai et Ajay A. Desai. « Influence of Ranging and Hierarchy on the Habitat Use Pattern by Asian Elephant (Elephas maximus) in the Tropical Forests of Southern India ». Dans Indian Hotspots, 345–58. Singapore : Springer Singapore, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-6605-4_17.
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Drew, Richard A. I., et Meredith C. Romig. « Species and speciation. » Dans The fruit fly fauna (Diptera : Tephritideae : Dacinae) of Papua New Guinea, Indonesian Papua, Associated Islands and Bougainville, 7–8. Wallingford : CABI, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/9781789249514.0004.
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Abstract This chapter discusses two species models, which are diametrically opposed. The first, often called the 'biological species concept', defines species in terms of 'reproductive isolation', convinced that species arise when subsets of a population are split off and remain geographically isolated over evolutionary time. If and when such new species are reunited with their founder population, interbreeding does not occur, or if it does, infertile progeny result. Hence, from the biological species concept, natural selection is a primary agent of change and directly selects for new species. In this sense, species are the direct products of natural selection and they are therefore 'adaptive devices'. When applying this species concept, it has been impossible to separate some sibling species of fruit flies in the genus Bactrocera where distinct morphological species can be similar in molecular analyses of certain DNA sequences, while similar species morphologically are distinct in the same molecular characters. A radically different model, the 'recognition concept of species', relies heavily on a knowledge of species ecology and behaviour, particularly in their natural habitat. The principal points in this concept are given. In contrast to the now-outdated biological species concept that leads one to depend on laboratory-based research to define species, the recognition concept requires workers to undertake extensive field research in the habitat of the taxon under investigation. In translating this approach to research in the insect family Tephritidae, particularly the Dacinae, some 35 years of field surveys have been undertaken throughout the Indian subcontinent, South-east Asia and the South Pacific region. These surveys included trapping using male lure traps and host fruit collections of commercial/edible fruits. The results of this work have included the provision of specimens of almost all known species for morphological descriptions (c.800 species), material for male pheromone chemistry, and data on host fruit relationships and biogeographical studies.
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Huntley, Brian John. « The Mangrove Biome ». Dans Ecology of Angola, 383–91. Cham : Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-18923-4_17.
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AbstractThe cold Benguela Current passing along Angola’s Atlantic Ocean coast accounts for its mangrove communities lying 20° latitude north of those of the Indian Ocean Coast of Africa, bathed by the warm Mozambique Current. This chapter draws on the limited literature available on Angola’s mangrove forests and seagrass meadows that constitute its Mangrove Biome. Comprising only five of the world’s 55 mangrove species, and two of the world’s 70 species of seagrasses, Angola’s mangrove communities cover a very limited area compared with other tropical countries. This is due to Angola’s steeply shelving coastline, with small lagoons and mudflats at the mouths of its rivers. However, they provide excellent opportunities for the study of the complex adaptations of plants to regular changes in water salinity and to growth in waterlogged, anoxic soil. The adaptations include stilt roots, with specialised absorptive pores, roots containing porous aerenchyma tissue for oxygen transfer, and reproductive propagules that develop into seedlings while still attached to the tree. The mudflats of coastal lagoons support two species of seagrass (highly specialised angiosperms that are permanently submerged). Seagrass meadows provide habitat for a wide diversity of marine animals, while mangrove forests shelter several crocodile and primate species.
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Pfaff-Reydellet, Maud. « Intégrer au bestiaire romain les animaux des confins ». Dans Circulations animales et zoogéographie en Méditerranée, 547–68. Rome : Publications de l’École française de Rome, 2024. https://doi.org/10.4000/12we6.
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Trois poètes latins de la fin de la République et du début de l’Empire, Lucrèce, Virgile et Ovide, proposent une représentation littéraire du monde et de la place qu’y occupe Rome à travers leur mise en scène des animaux habitant les territoires de la Méditerranée et d’autres parties de l’écoumène. Dans un contexte où les circulations animales ont été facilitées, après l’unification de la Méditerranée par Rome et le développement des spectacles mettant en scène des animaux d’origines variées, chacun des trois poètes présente son bestiaire, témoignant des choix culturels d’une époque de transition. Le discours zoogéographique sur l’altérité animale propose ainsi une réflexion sur le nouvel ordre qui se met en place à la fin des guerres civiles. Construire pour Rome un statut de capitale d’empire suppose l’élaboration d’un bestiaire composite, où coexistent animaux indigènes et exotiques. De même que le panthéon romain a intégré les dieux des ennemis au fur à mesure des conquêtes, de même le bestiaire des poètes s’ouvre aux animaux des confins, renforçant la légitimité de Rome à exercer son pouvoir sur le monde.
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Pichon, Pascale. « Catégorie de l’action publique et reconnaissance des personnes. L’exemple de l’« habitat indigne » ». Dans La reconnaissance à l’épreuve, 167–74. Presses universitaires du Septentrion, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.4000/books.septentrion.38715.
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« Indians in a Changing World ». Dans Havasupai Habitat, 133–48. University of Arizona Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/j.ctvxhrj5x.15.
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WEBER, STEVEN A., et P. DAVID SEAMAN. « Alfred F. Whiting and the Havasupai Indians ». Dans Havasupai Habitat, xvii—xxii. University of Arizona Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/j.ctvxhrj5x.5.
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Pavao-Zuckerman, Barnet, Heather A. Lapham et Gregory A. Waselkov. « Bears, Bear Grounds, and Bovines in the Lower Southeast ». Dans Bears, 217–34. University Press of Florida, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.5744/florida/9781683401384.003.0010.
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In the late eighteenth century, U.S. Indian agent Benjamin Hawkins observed that Creeks maintained “beloved bear-grounds” near towns to protect bear habitat. However, Hawkins also noted, “as the cattle increase and the bear decrease, they are hunted in common.” Hawkins’ observations suggest a relationship between the frequency of the two species, and zooarchaeological assemblages from Creek towns support this hypothesis. A frequency index of bear and cattle remains indicate that as cattle increased over time, bear decreased precipitously. Creek hunters initially despised cattle, believing that beef would make the consumer slow and dim-witted. However, with the decline of the deerskin trade, Creek hunters turned to animal husbandry. The best graze for cattle was found in the “beloved bear grounds” and cattle husbandry quickly devastated native bear habitats. By the end of the eighteenth century, cattle displaced bears from their native habitat, and replaced bears in Creek life.
Actes de conférences sur le sujet "Habitat indigne"
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Choudhary, Pratyush, Subhrajit Das, Mukul Paras Potta, Prasuj Das et Abhishek Bichhawat. « Online Authentication Habits of Indian Users ». Dans 2024 Conference on Building a Secure & ; Empowered Cyberspace (BuildSEC), 66–73. IEEE, 2024. https://doi.org/10.1109/buildsec64048.2024.00018.
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Ormsby, Christianne, William Gearty et Jonathan L. Payne. « THE EFFECT OF HABITAT ON DIVERSIFICATION RATE IN SNAKES ». Dans GSA Annual Meeting in Indianapolis, Indiana, USA - 2018. Geological Society of America, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/abs/2018am-321587.
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Mancini, Gregory J., et Christopher Johnson. « THE YEARLY EFFECT OF SALTY STORM WATER ON A KEY WETLANDS HABITAT ». Dans GSA Annual Meeting in Indianapolis, Indiana, USA - 2018. Geological Society of America, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/abs/2018am-320457.
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Kumari, Chandresh, Parveen Chauhan et Saurabh Kulshrestha. « Nutritional characterization of Moringa oleifera leaves collected from North Indian habitat ». Dans DIDACTIC TRANSFER OF PHYSICS KNOWLEDGE THROUGH DISTANCE EDUCATION : DIDFYZ 2021. AIP Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0080641.
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Sharma, Vaibhav, et Neetu Kapoor. « The way towards more sustainable habitat : In context to Indian residential sector ». Dans ADVANCES IN SUSTAINABLE CONSTRUCTION MATERIALS. AIP Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0144337.
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Kravitz, Katherine, Ruohong Jiao et Jean Braun. « LINKING CLIMATE, GEOLOGY AND LANDSCAPE EVOLUTION TO UNDERSTAND HABITAT DISTRIBUTION AND MICRO-ENDEMISM IN MADAGASCAR ». Dans GSA Annual Meeting in Indianapolis, Indiana, USA - 2018. Geological Society of America, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/abs/2018am-322377.
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Gianniny, Gordon, Kevin Alexander et David W. Marchetti. « HYDROLOGIC AND SOIL CHARACTERISTICS OF UNCOMPAHGRE FRITILLARY BUTTERFLY (CLOSSIANA IMPROBA) HABITAT, SAN JUAN MOUNTAINS, COLORADO ». Dans GSA Annual Meeting in Indianapolis, Indiana, USA - 2018. Geological Society of America, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/abs/2018am-323398.
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Paterson, Audrey, Brooke L. Long, Broc S. Kokesh, Laurie C. Anderson et Annette Summers Engel. « ANCHIALINE LAKES SERVE AS NOVEL HABITATS FOR RELICT TAXA, INCLUDING CHEMOSYMBIOTIC MARINE BIVALVES ». Dans GSA Annual Meeting in Indianapolis, Indiana, USA - 2018. Geological Society of America, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/abs/2018am-323431.
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Tierney, Peter W. « REBUILDING REEFS AFTER REEF CRISES -- THE EXTINCTION OF PHANEROZOIC REEF TAXA, AND VARIABLE PERSISTENCE OF HABITAT PREFERENCE AMONG SURVIVORS ». Dans GSA Annual Meeting in Indianapolis, Indiana, USA - 2018. Geological Society of America, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/abs/2018am-324732.
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Shinneman, Avery L. C., Angelica Lucchetto, Rachel Liu, Sierra Murdiza, Kena Fox-Dobbs, Emma Sevier et James Gawel. « HABITAT SHIFTS AND THE INFLUENCE OF A PERSISTENT FLOATING LOG MAT ON ECOSYSTEM RECOVERY AT SPIRIT LAKE, MT. ST. HELENS ». Dans GSA Annual Meeting in Indianapolis, Indiana, USA - 2018. Geological Society of America, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/abs/2018am-325071.
Texte intégralRapports d'organisations sur le sujet "Habitat indigne"
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Kalen, Nicholas. Bats of Colonial National Historical Park following white-nose syndrome. National Park Service, mai 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.36967/2299226.
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I conducted bat surveys at Colonial National Historical Park to assess the status of bat communities following potential impacts of white-nose syndrome (WNS) since its arrival in Virginia in 2009. This disease, caused by the fungus Pseudogymnoascus destructans, has severely reduced populations of several bat species in the eastern United States, threatening some with regional extirpation. In the East, most-affected species include the little brown bat (Myotis lucifugus), the federally-endangered northern long-eared bat (Myotis septentrionalis) and Indiana bat (Myotis sodalis) (USFWS 2007, USFWS 2022a), as well as the tricolored bat (Perimyotis subflavus), which has been proposed for endangered status (USFWS 2022b). I sampled sites in Yorktown and Jamestown Island with acoustic bat detectors from the spring of 2019 through the spring of 2021 and conducted capture surveys using mist nets in 2019 and 2021 to characterize seasonal occurrence of bat species with a focus on documenting WNS-imperiled species. Surveys also sought to document potential over-wintering of bats at COLO, especially northern long-eared bats, which occur year-round in the Coastal Plain of North Carolina. Acoustic results identified the presence of eleven bat species by echolocation calls: big brown bat (Eptesicus fuscus), eastern red bat (Lasiurus borealis), hoary bat (Lasiurus cinereus), silver-haired bat (Lasionycteris noctivagans), southeastern bat (Myotis austroriparius), little brown bat, northern long-eared bat, Indiana bat, evening bat (Nycticeius humeralis), tricolored bat, and Mexican free-tailed bat (Tadarida brasiliensis). Acoustic results included diagnostic echolocation calls of little brown, northern long-eared, and Indiana bats, however, presence should be interpreted with caution due to similarities of call structures among Myotis spp. bats. Capture surveys documented seven species: big brown, eastern red, hoary, silver-haired, southeastern, evening, and tricolored bats. To examine habitat associations of bat species, I used generalized linear mixed models of a selection of variable candidates: habitat type, distance to water, minimum nightly temperature, and nightly precipitation to predict summer activity by significant predictors. Activity of hoary, silver-haired, little brown, evening, tricolored, and Mexican free-tailed bats was highest in open habitats. Big brown bat and Indiana bat identifications were most associated with forest habitats. Eastern red bat activity was high in both forest and open sites. Southeastern bat activity was highest in wetland sites and was largely confined to these habitats. Northern long-eared bat activity was not significantly different among habitat types. To examine seasonality in bat species occurrence, I modeled acoustic activity in passes/night by Julian date using generalized additive models. Activity of big brown, eastern red, hoary, little brown, northern long-eared, tricolored, evening, and Mexican free-tailed bats was highest during summer. Silver-haired bat activity was highest in March indicative of seasonal migration. Hoary and Mexican free-tailed bat also exhibited high activity on several nights in the spring suggestive of migratory movement. Dormant season results suggest some winter occurrence for all identified bat species except Indiana bats. Very few characteristic calls of northern long-eared bats were observed from December through February, suggesting they winter locally in far lower abundances than in the Coastal Plain of North Carolina to the south.
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Kalen, Nicholas. Bats of Petersburg National Battlefield following white-nose syndrome. National Park Service, mai 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.36967/2299217.
Texte intégralRésumé :
I conducted bat surveys at Petersburg National Battlefield Park (PETE) to assess the status of bat communities following potential impacts of the disease white-nose syndrome. This disease, caused by the fungus Pseudogymnoascus destructans, has severely reduced populations of several bat species in the eastern United States, threatening some with regional extirpation. Most affected species include the little brown bat (Myotis lucifugus), the federally-endangered northern long-eared bat (Myotis septentrionalis) and Indiana bat (Myotis sodalis) (USFWS 2007, USFWS 2022a), as well as the tricolored bat (Perimyotis subflavus), which has been proposed for endangered status (USFWS 2022b). I sampled sites with acoustic bat detectors from the summer of 2016 through fall 2021 and conducted capture surveys using mist nets from 2016-2019 to characterize seasonal occurrence of bat species with a focus on documenting WNS-imperiled species. Surveys also sought to document potential over-wintering of bats at PETE, especially northern long-eared bats, which have recently been discovered wintering in the Coastal Plain of North Carolina. Acoustic results identified the presence of nine bat species by echolocation calls: big brown bat (Eptesicus fuscus), eastern red bat (Lasiurus borealis), hoary bat (Lasiurus cinereus), silver-haired bat (Lasionycteris noctivagans), little brown bat, Indiana bat, evening bat (Nycticeius humeralis), tricolored bat, and Mexican free-tailed bat (Tadarida brasiliensis). Northern long-eared bats were identified acoustically by software, but identifications were invalidated by visual review. Acoustic misidentifications also occurred for little brown and Indiana bats, but diagnostic calls were confirmed. Capture surveys documented big brown bats, eastern red bats, evening bats, and a single little brown bat. To examine habitat associations of bat species, I used generalized linear mixed models of a selection of variable candidates: habitat type, distance to water, minimum nightly temperature, and nightly precipitation to predict summer activity. Activity of big brown, hoary, silver-haired, and Mexican free-tailed bats was highest in open habitats. Little brown and eastern red bats were most associated with mixed forest habitats. Evening bat activity was highest in deciduous forests. Habitat type was not a significant predictor of activity for Indiana and tricolored bat activity. To examine seasonality in bat species occurrence, I modeled acoustic activity in passes/night by Julian date using generalized additive models. Activity of big brown, eastern red, little brown, tricolored, and evening bats was highest during summer. Activity identified as Indiana bats was very low overall but was also highest in the summer. Activity of tree bat species hoary, silver-haired, and Mexican free-tailed bat was highest during the dormant season and peak activity appeared associated with migration. Dormant season results suggest some winter activity for most bat species identified as present in the park.
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Kalen, Nicholas. Remediated for accessibility per Section 508. National Park Service, mai 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.36967/2298454.
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I conducted bat surveys at Richmond National Battlefield Park to assess the status of bat communities following potential impacts of the disease white-nose syndrome. This disease, caused by the fungus Pseudogymnoascus destructans, has severely reduced populations of several bat species in the eastern United States, threatening some with regional extirpation. Most affected species include the little brown bat (Myotis lucifugus), northern long-eared bat (Myotis septentrionalis), Indiana bat (Myotis sodalis), and tricolored bat (Perimyotis subflavus). During the summers of 2016-2020, I sampled sites with acoustic bat detectors and conducted capture surveys using mist nets to characterize bat communities with a focus on documenting WNS-imperiled species. I also conducted non-reproductive, or dormant, season acoustic and capture surveys from 2017-2021, to investigate potential local wintering by bats, especially northern long-eared bats, which have recently been discovered wintering in the Coastal Plain of North Carolina. Acoustic results identified the presence of ten bat species by echolocation calls: big brown bat (Eptesicus fuscus), eastern red bat (Lasiurus borealis), hoary bat (Lasiurus cinereus), silver-haired bat (Lasionycteris noctivagans), little brown bat, northern long-eared bat, Indiana bat, evening bat (Nycticeius humeralis), tricolored bat, and Mexican free-tailed bat (Tadarida brasiliensis). Capture surveys documented big brown bats, eastern red bats, silver-haired bats, and evening bats. To examine habitat associations of bat species, I used generalized linear mixed models of a selection of variable candidates: habitat type, distance to water, minimum nightly temperature, and nightly precipitation to predict summer activity. Activity of big brown, eastern red, hoary, and Mexican free-tailed bats was highest in open habitats. Myotis spp. were most associated with mixed forest habitats. Tricolored bat activity was highest and evening bat activity was lowest in riparian and wetland habitats. To examine seasonality in bat species occurrence, I modeled acoustic activity in passes/night by Julian date using generalized additive models. Activity of big brown, eastern red, little brown, and tricolored bats was highest during summer. Activity of northern long-eared and Indiana bats was very low overall but was also highest in the summer. Tree bat species hoary, silver-haired, and Mexican free-tailed bat activity was highest in the spring and fall. Dormant season results suggest some winter occurrences for most bat species. Visual validation of echolocation calls revealed misidentifications were problematic for Myotis spp. little brown bat, northern long-eared bat, and Indiana bat, but diagnostic calls of all three species were recorded. Acoustic passes identified as northern long-eared bats suggest some individuals may be wintering nearby, but winter activity was very low and not indicative of large overwintering populations.
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Kalen, Nicholas. Bats of Richmond National Battlefield Park following white-nose syndrome : Public version. National Park Service, mai 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.36967/2299295.
Texte intégralRésumé :
I conducted bat surveys at Richmond National Battlefield Park to assess the status of bat communities following potential impacts of the disease white-nose syndrome. This disease, caused by the fungus Pseudogymnoascus destructans, has severely reduced populations of several bat species in the eastern United States, threatening some with regional extirpation. Most affected species include the little brown bat (Myotis lucifugus), northern long-eared bat (Myotis septentrionalis), Indiana bat (Myotis sodalis), and tricolored bat (Perimyotis subflavus). During the summers of 2016–2020, I sampled sites with acoustic bat detectors and conducted capture surveys using mist nets to characterize bat communities with a focus on documenting WNS-imperiled species. I also conducted non-reproductive, or dormant, season acoustic and capture surveys from 2017–2021, to investigate potential local wintering by bats, especially northern long-eared bats, which have recently been discovered wintering in the Coastal Plain of North Carolina. Acoustic results identified the presence of ten bat species by echolocation calls: big brown bat (Eptesicus fuscus), eastern red bat (Lasiurus borealis), hoary bat (Lasiurus cinereus), silver-haired bat (Lasionycteris noctivagans), little brown bat, northern long-eared bat, Indiana bat, evening bat (Nycticeius humeralis), tricolored bat, and Mexican free-tailed bat (Tadarida brasiliensis). Capture surveys documented big brown bats, eastern red bats, silver-haired bats, and evening bats. To examine habitat associations of bat species, I used generalized linear mixed models of a selection of variable candidates: habitat type, distance to water, minimum nightly temperature, and nightly precipitation to predict summer activity. Activity of big brown, eastern red, hoary, and Mexican free-tailed bats was highest in open habitats. Myotis spp. were most associated with mixed forest habitats. Tricolored bat activity was highest and evening bat activity was lowest in riparian and wetland habitats. To examine seasonality in bat species occurrence, I modeled acoustic activity in passes/night by Julian date using generalized additive models. Activity of big brown, eastern red, little brown, and tricolored bats was highest during summer. Activity of northern long-eared and Indiana bats was very low overall but was also highest in the summer. Tree bat species hoary, silver-haired, and Mexican free-tailed bat activity was highest in the spring and fall. Dormant season results suggest some winter occurrences for most bat species. Visual validation of echolocation calls revealed misidentifications were problematic for Myotis spp. little brown bat, northern long-eared bat, and Indiana bat, but diagnostic calls of all three species were recorded. Acoustic passes identified as northern long-eared bats suggest some individuals may be wintering nearby, but winter activity was very low and not indicative of large overwintering populations. An internal NPS version of this document that includes an appendix with capture survey site coordinates is available and may be requested as needed.
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Peitz, David, et Naomi Reibold. Bird community monitoring at George Washington Carver National Monu-ment, Missouri : Status report 2008–2020. Sous la direction de Tani Hubbard. National Park Service, novembre 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.36967/nrr-2287852.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Breeding bird surveys were initiated on George Washington Carver National Monument, Missouri, in 2008 to assess temporal changes in the species composition and abundance of birds on the park and to improve our understanding of relationships between breeding birds and their habitat and the effects of management actions, such as invasive plant species control and tree thinning, on bird populations. Birds were sampled using point counts with 70 variable circular plots located on a systematic grid of 100 x 100-m cells (originating from a random start point). All birds seen or heard on a plot during a 5-min sampling period were recorded. In the 13 years since initiating our breeding bird surveys on the park, birds were surveyed on as many of the 70 variable circular plots as possible each year, resulting in 520 cumulative plot visits. Surveys have yielded records for 100 different species of birds. Ninety-seven of the species recorded are classified as permanent or summer residents to the area, two are classified as transients in the area, and one as a winter resident to the area. Six breeding species recorded are considered species of conservation concern for the Central Hardwoods Bird Conservation Region, the bird conservation region in which George Washington Carver National Monument is located. Of the 97 breeding species recorded, ten species in grassland habitat and six in woodland habitat occurred in numbers large enough to calculate annual abundances with some degree of confidence. Trends in abundance were classified as uncertain for most species, which means that there were no significant increases or decreases, but it is not certain that trends were < 5% per year. The Northern Cardinal (Cardinalis cardinalis) in woodland habitat was stable. The Eastern Meadowlark (Sturnella magna) in grassland habitat was in moderate decline, and the Northern Bobwhite (Colinus virginianus) in grassland habitat was in steep decline. Comparing population trends (i.e., changes in population size over time) on the park with regional trends for the Central Hardwoods Bird Conservation Region suggests that the bird community at George Washington Carver National Monument is faring similarly to that of the region as a whole. Trends in the park’s popula-tions of Field Sparrow (Spizella pusilla) and Indigo Bunting (Passerina cyanea) in grassland habitat and Carolina Wren (Thryothorus ludovicianus) in woodland habitat were uncertain, whereas they declined significantly in the larger region, which could be a result of management on George Washington Carver National Monument. Red-bellied Woodpecker (Melanerpes carolinus) population trends, while uncertain in grassland habitat on the park, increased significantly in the region. The Red-bellied Woodpecker utilizes trees for foraging, which are sparse in the grassland habitat on the park. Declining diversity and richness values suggest that park habitat is declining in its ability to meet the requirements of many of the park’s breeding bird species. This decline in species richness could reflect habitat management practices, but it could also reflect the influences of larger-scale factors such as weather or climatic conditions on vegetation. Therefore, continued monitoring of birds and their habitats on George Washington Carver National Monument as management and weather and climatic conditions change is essential for park management.
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Menzel, Michael A., Jennifer M. Menzel, Timothy C. Carter, W. Mark Ford et John W. Edwards. Review of the forest habitat relationships of the Indiana bat (Myotis sodalis). Newtown Square, PA : U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Northeastern Research Station, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.2737/ne-gtr-284.
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Peitz, David, et Naomi Reibold. Bird community monitoring at Wilson’s Creek National Battlefield, Missouri : Status report 2008–2020. Sous la direction de Tani Hubbard. National Park Service, novembre 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.36967/nrr-2287875.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Breeding bird surveys were initiated on Wilson’s Creek National Monument, Missouri, in 2008 to assess temporal changes in the species composition and abundance of birds on the park and to improve our understanding of relationships between breeding birds and their habitat and the effects of management actions, such as invasive plant species control and tree thinning, on bird populations. Birds were sampled using point counts with 38 variable circular plots located on a systematic grid of 400 x 400-m cells (originating from a random start point). All birds seen or heard on a plot during a 5-min sampling period were recorded. In the 13 years since initiating our breeding bird survey, birds were surveyed on as many of the 38 variable circular plots as possible each year, resulting in 444 cumulative plot visits. Surveys have yielded records for 119 different species of birds. Ninety-eight of the species recorded are classified as permanent or summer residents to the area, 18 are classified as transients in the area, and 3 as winter residents to the area. Eight breeding species recorded are considered species of conservation concern for the Central Hardwoods Bird Conservation Region, the bird conservation region in which Wilson’s Creek National Battlefield is located. Of the 98 breeding species recorded, 12 species in grassland habitat and 15 in woodland habitat occurred in numbers large enough to calculate annual abundances with some degree of confidence. Trends in abundance were classified as uncertain for most species, which means that no significant increases or decreases occurred but it is not certain that trends were <5% per year. The Indigo Bunting (Passerina cyanea) population in grassland habitat was stable. The Eastern Towhee (Pipilo erythrophthalmus) and Eastern Wood-pewee (Contopus virens) populations in woodland habitat were in moderate decline. Comparing population trends on the park with regional trends for the Central Hardwoods Bird Conservation Region suggests that the bird community at Wilson’s Creek National Battlefield is faring similarly to that of the region as a whole. Stable diversity, richness, and evenness values suggest that the park’s habitat has remained consistent in its ability to meet the requirements of many of the park’s breeding bird species. Any decline in species richness could reflect habitat management practices, but it could also reflect the influences of larger-scale factors such as weather or climatic conditions on vegetation. Therefore, continued monitoring of birds and their habitats on Wilson’s Creek National Battlefield as management and weather and climatic conditions change is essential for park management.
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Hoverson, Eric D., et Alexandra Amonette. Confederated Tribes Umatilla Indian Reservation (CTUIR) Umatilla Anadromous Fisheries Habitat Project : A Columbia River Basin Fish Habitat Project : Annual Report Fiscal Year 2007. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), décembre 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/961826.
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Woodward-Lillengreen, Kelly L., Tami Skillingstad et Allan T. Scholz. Fisheries Habitat Evaluation in Tributaries of the Coeur d`Alene Indian Reservation : Annual Report 1992. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), octobre 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/10134662.
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Graves, Suzy. Fisheries Habitat Evaluation on Tributaries of the Coeur d`Alene Indian Reservation : 1990 Annual Report. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), février 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/10148019.
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