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Littérature scientifique sur le sujet « Hydroclimat »

Auteur : Grafiati

Publié le 15 février 2024

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Articles de revues sur le sujet "Hydroclimat"

Switanek, Matthew B., Peter A. Troch et Christopher L. Castro. « Improving Seasonal Predictions of Climate Variability and Water Availability at the Catchment Scale ». Journal of Hydrometeorology 10, n^o 6 (1 décembre 2009) : 1521–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/2009jhm1073.1.

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Abstract In a water-stressed region, such as the southwestern United States, it is essential to improve current seasonal hydroclimatic predictions. Typically, seasonal hydroclimatic predictions have been conditioned by standard climate indices, for example, Niño-3 and Pacific decadal oscillation (PDO). In this work, the statistically unique relationships between sea surface temperatures (SSTs) and particular basins’ hydroclimates are explored. The regions where global SSTs are most correlated with the Little Colorado River and Gunnison River basins’ hydroclimates are located throughout the year and at varying time lags. The SSTs, from these regions of highest correlation, are subsequently used as hydroclimatic predictors for the two basins. This methodology, named basin-specific climate prediction (BSCP), is further used to perform hindcasts. The hydroclimatic hindcasts obtained using BSCP are shown to be closer to the historical record, for both basins, than using the standard climate indices as predictors.

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Koster, R. D., G. K. Walker, G. J. Collatz et P. E. Thornton. « Hydroclimatic Controls on the Means and Variability of Vegetation Phenology and Carbon Uptake ». Journal of Climate 27, n^o 14 (10 juillet 2014) : 5632–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jcli-d-13-00477.1.

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Abstract Long-term, global offline (land only) simulations with a dynamic vegetation phenology model are used to examine the control of hydroclimate over vegetation-related quantities. First, with a control simulation, the model is shown to capture successfully (though with some bias) key observed relationships between hydroclimate and the spatial and temporal variations of phenological expression. In subsequent simulations, the model shows that (i) the global spatial variation of seasonal phenological maxima is controlled mostly by hydroclimate, irrespective of distributions in vegetation type; (ii) the occurrence of high interannual moisture-related phenological variability in grassland areas is determined by hydroclimate rather than by the specific properties of grassland; and (iii) hydroclimatic means and variability have a corresponding impact on the spatial and temporal distributions of gross primary productivity (GPP).

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Song, Yougui, Xiulan Zong, Linbo Qian, Huifang Liu, Jibao Dong, Hong Chang et Mingyu Zhang. « Mineralogical Record for Stepwise Hydroclimatic Changes in Lake Qinghai Sediments Since the Last Glacial Period ». Minerals 10, n^o 11 (28 octobre 2020) : 963. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/min10110963.

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Lake Qinghai is sensitive to climatic changes because of its pivotal location between mid-latitude Westerlies and the low-latitude East Asian monsoon. An 18.6 m long drilling core (1Fs) from Lake Qinghai provides new information on the hydroclimatic dynamics since the last glacial period. Here, we present the results of bulk mineral assemblages of this core. X-ray diffraction (XRD) results showed that the bulk minerals of the core sediments consist of major clastic minerals (e.g., quartz, feldspar, muscovite), carbonates (e.g., calcite, aragonite, dolomite), and minor clay minerals (e.g., chlorite). Quartz as an exogenous detrital mineral in lake sediments, its abundance is related to lake level changes resulting from regional climate changes via fluvial/aeolian transportation. Aragonite was precipitated from water solutions or chemical alteration of pre-existing minerals or biogenic mediation, closely related to lake hydroclimate change. Mineral assemblages revealed remarkable stepwise hydroclimatic changes. High quartz content and low calcite without aragonite suggested a cold-wet climate condition under predominant westerlies during the last glacial period from 35 to 25.3 ka. Afterward, quartz decreased and aragonite occasionally appeared, indicating an unstable hydroclimatic condition during the last deglaciation. Since the Early Holocene (11.9–8.2 ka), predominant minerals shifted from terrigenous quartz to authigenic carbonates, suggesting an increasing lake level, possibly due to intensified Asian summer monsoon with increased effective moisture. Aragonite became the primary carbonate mineral, implying a warming and humid hydroclimate environment with a relatively higher lake-level. During the Middle Holocene (8.2–4.2 ka), aragonite showed a decreasing trend indicating a higher lake level with weak evaporation. During the Late Holocene since 4.2 ka, there were lower quartz and aragonite, suggesting a deep lake with a weak summer monsoon. Our quartz and carbonate minerals record provided essential clues to reconstruct hydroclimate change in Lake Qinghai since the last glacial period.

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Markonis, Yannis, et Filip Strnad. « Representation of European hydroclimatic patterns with self-organizing maps ». Holocene 30, n^o 8 (20 avril 2020) : 1155–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0959683620913924.

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Self-organizing maps provide a powerful, non-linear technique of dimensionality reduction that can be used to identify clusters with similar attributes. Here, they were constructed from a 1000-year-long gridded palaeoclimatic dataset, namely the Old World Drought Atlas, to detect regions of homogeneous hydroclimatic variability across the European continent. A classification scheme of 10 regions was found to describe most efficiently the spatial properties of Europe’s hydroclimate. These regions were mainly divided into a northern and a southern subset, linked together with a northwest-to-southeast orientation. Further analysis of the classification scheme with complex networks confirmed the divergence between the northern and southern components of European hydroclimate, also revealing that is not strongly correlated to the Iberian Peninsula. On the contrary, the region covering the British Isles, France and Germany appeared to be linked to both branches, implying links of hydroclimate with atmospheric/oceanic circulation.

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Sang, Yan-Fang, Fubao Sun, Vijay P. Singh, Ping Xie et Jian Sun. « A discrete wavelet spectrum approach for identifying non-monotonic trends in hydroclimate data ». Hydrology and Earth System Sciences 22, n^o 1 (26 janvier 2018) : 757–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/hess-22-757-2018.

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Abstract. The hydroclimatic process is changing non-monotonically and identifying its trends is a great challenge. Building on the discrete wavelet transform theory, we developed a discrete wavelet spectrum (DWS) approach for identifying non-monotonic trends in hydroclimate time series and evaluating their statistical significance. After validating the DWS approach using two typical synthetic time series, we examined annual temperature and potential evaporation over China from 1961–2013 and found that the DWS approach detected both the “warming” and the “warming hiatus” in temperature, and the reversed changes in potential evaporation. Further, the identified non-monotonic trends showed stable significance when the time series was longer than 30 years or so (i.e. the widely defined “climate” timescale). The significance of trends in potential evaporation measured at 150 stations in China, with an obvious non-monotonic trend, was underestimated and was not detected by the Mann–Kendall test. Comparatively, the DWS approach overcame the problem and detected those significant non-monotonic trends at 380 stations, which helped understand and interpret the spatiotemporal variability in the hydroclimatic process. Our results suggest that non-monotonic trends of hydroclimate time series and their significance should be carefully identified, and the DWS approach proposed has the potential for wide use in the hydrological and climate sciences.

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Curtis, Scott. « Hydroclimatic Variability at Local, Regional and Global Scales ». Water 12, n^o 5 (23 mai 2020) : 1490. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w12051490.

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Hydroclimate is non-stationary and varies in often unpredictable ways on local, regional and global scales, which can lead to water insecurity. This editorial relates the advances and challenges in our understanding of the spatio-temporal relationship between climate variability and change and the components of the hydrologic cycle through the lens of six articles, which contributed to the Water Special Issue: Hydroclimatic Variability at Local, Regional and Global Scales. The relationship between the El Niño/Southern Oscillation and precipitation, temperature, and evapotranspiration is examined within the Indian Summer monsoon, gauge-based precipitation datasets are intercompared over Pakistan, trends in precipitation, temperature, and streamflow are investigated in Ethiopia and China, alternate configurations of hydroclimate modeling are assessed over Canada, and finally, future limitations in groundwater supply are presented for Italy.

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Kim, Sinae, Hakkwan Kim, Kyeung Kim, Sang-Min Jun, Soonho Hwang et Moon-Seong Kang. « Assessing the Hydroclimatic Movement under Future Scenarios Including both Climate and Land Use Changes ». Water 13, n^o 8 (19 avril 2021) : 1120. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w13081120.

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In this study we simulated the watershed response according to future climate and land use change scenarios through a hydrological model and predicting future hydroclimate changes by applying the Budyko framework. Future climate change scenarios were derived from the UK Earth system model (UKESM1), and future land use changes were predicted using the future land use simulation (FLUS) model. To understand the overall trend of hydroclimatic conditions, the movements in Budyko space were represented as wind rose plots. Moreover, the impacts of climate and land use changes were separated, and the watersheds’ hydroclimatic conditions were classified into five groups. In future scenarios, both increase and decrease of aridity index were observed depending on the watershed, and land use change generally led to a decrease in the evaporation index. The results indicate that as hydroclimatic movement groups are more diversely distributed by region in future periods, regional adaptation strategies could be required to reduce hydroclimatic changes in each region. The results derived from this study can be used as basic data to establish an appropriate water resource management plan and the governments’ land use plan. As an extension of this study, we can consider more diverse land use characteristics and other global climate model (GCMs) in future papers.

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Ghajarnia, Navid, Georgia Destouni, Josefin Thorslund, Zahra Kalantari, Imenne Åhlén, Jesús A. Anaya-Acevedo, Juan F. Blanco-Libreros et al. « Data for wetlandscapes and their changes around the world ». Earth System Science Data 12, n^o 2 (13 mai 2020) : 1083–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/essd-12-1083-2020.

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Abstract. Geography and associated hydrological, hydroclimate and land-use conditions and their changes determine the states and dynamics of wetlands and their ecosystem services. The influences of these controls are not limited to just the local scale of each individual wetland but extend over larger landscape areas that integrate multiple wetlands and their total hydrological catchment – the wetlandscape. However, the data and knowledge of conditions and changes over entire wetlandscapes are still scarce, limiting the capacity to accurately understand and manage critical wetland ecosystems and their services under global change. We present a new Wetlandscape Change Information Database (WetCID), consisting of geographic, hydrological, hydroclimate and land-use information and data for 27 wetlandscapes around the world. This combines survey-based local information with geographic shapefiles and gridded datasets of large-scale hydroclimate and land-use conditions and their changes over whole wetlandscapes. Temporally, WetCID contains 30-year time series of data for mean monthly precipitation and temperature and annual land-use conditions. The survey-based site information includes local knowledge on the wetlands, hydrology, hydroclimate and land uses within each wetlandscape and on the availability and accessibility of associated local data. This novel database (available through PANGAEA https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.907398; Ghajarnia et al., 2019) can support site assessments; cross-regional comparisons; and scenario analyses of the roles and impacts of land use, hydroclimatic and wetland conditions, and changes in whole-wetlandscape functions and ecosystem services.

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Gallant, A. J. E., A. S. Kiem, D. C. Verdon-Kidd, R. C. Stone et D. J. Karoly. « Understanding hydroclimate processes in the Murray-Darling Basin for natural resources management ». Hydrology and Earth System Sciences 16, n^o 7 (12 juillet 2012) : 2049–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/hess-16-2049-2012.

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Abstract. Isolating the causes of extreme variations or changes in the hydroclimate is difficult due to the complexities of the driving mechanisms, but it is crucial for effective natural resource management. In Australia's Murray-Darling Basin (MDB), ocean-atmosphere processes causing hydroclimatic variations occur on time scales from days to centuries, all are important, and none are likely to act in isolation. Instead, interactions between all hydroclimatic drivers, on multiple time scales, are likely to have caused the variations observed in MDB instrumental records. A simplified framework is presented to assist natural resource managers in identifying the potential causes of hydroclimatic anomalies. The framework condenses an event into its fundamental elements, including its spatial and temporal signal and small-scale evolution. The climatic processes that are potentially responsible are then examined to determine possible causes. The framework was applied to a period of prolonged and severe dry conditions occurring in the southern MDB from 1997–2010, providing insights into possible causal mechanisms that are consistent with recent studies. The framework also assists in identifying uncertainties and gaps in our understanding that need to be addressed.

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Duguma, Fekadu Aduna, Fekadu Fufa Feyessa, Tamene Adugna Demissie et Krystyna Januszkiewicz. « Hydroclimate Trend Analysis of Upper Awash Basin, Ethiopia ». Water 13, n^o 12 (17 juin 2021) : 1680. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w13121680.

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The Awash River basin is classified into the upper basin, middle basin, and lower basin. The upper basin is the most irrigated and socio-economically important, wherein early and modern agriculture started. This study aimed to assess the upper basin’s hydroclimate variability under climate change from 1991 to 2015 following the county’s land-use policy change. Distinguished topographical settings, namely, lowland, midland, and highland, are used for upper Awash basin hydroclimate trend analysis. Lowland stations revealed a nonsignificant seasonal and annual increasing trend except for the Autumn season. Midland stations showed a decreased seasonal rainfall. Except for Sendafa, the increased station, the highland area exhibited an annual decreasing trend. The Awash-Hombole and Mojo main tributaries are used for the evaluation of basin streamflow. The Awash-Hombole main tributary resulted in annually growing trends during the summer season. Mojo main tributary resulted in a significantly decreasing trend during the spring, summer, and autumn seasons with a 99% level of significance. Therefore, following the basin’s topographic nature, the change of hydroclimatic elements, mainly of the rainfall and streamflow, is observed. Accordingly, its hydroclimate variated by 11 and 38% with precipitation and streamflow, respectively, from the mean value within the study time series.

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Thèses sur le sujet "Hydroclimat"

Kifani, Souad. « Approche spatio-temporelle des relations hydroclimat-dynamique des espèces pélagiques en région d'upwelling : cas de la sardine du stock central marocain ». Brest, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991BRES2005.

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L'impact des variations climatiques (à moyen et à long termes) sur la dynamique de la sardine du stock central marocain est abordé selon deux démarches: empirique et comparative. L'analyse des réactions de la sardine a la dynamique spatio-temporelle de l'upwelling sur une échelle de temps interannuelle, a permis de mettre en évidence deux modalités d'action de l'environnement sur les rendements sardiniers: 1) sur le recrutement et 2) sur la saturabilité du stock. La variabilité du recrutement est abordée en considérant la densité du stock et l'état concomitant de l'upwelling. Un modèle stock-recrutement (ricker) est modifié afin de prendre en compte ces deux paramètres. Les variations spatio-temporelles de l'upwelling induisent des modifications dans la répartition de la sardine. Une augmentation de la capture par unité d'effort n'est pas obligatoirement liée a un accroissement de l'abondance du stock mais davantage à la concentration du poisson dans des zones favorables. La dynamique du stock sardinier sur le long terme est envisagée selon une approche comparative des variations à long terme des captures de sardines peuplant des écosystèmes géographiquement éloignes mais caractérises par une instabilité environnementale. Ceci a permis d'avancer certaines hypothèses tentant d'une part, de replacer le contexte hydro climatique de l'atlantique marocain dans un cadre climatique plus global et, d'autre part, d'expliquer les changements spécifiques observes dans les captures marocaines par des effets climatiques à long terme ayant induit des modifications dans l'écosystème d'upwelling de cette région

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Rouyer-Denimal, Louis. « Compréhension des interactions entre l'hydroclimat du Nord-Est du Brésil et l'Atlantique tropical de l'Ouest au cours des derniers 300 000 ans par une approche multi-traceurs organiques ». Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023SORUS468.

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La Terre est un système complexe aux multiples interactions et le lieu de vie d’innombrables espèces vivantes. Dès lors, de nombreux travaux ont permis depuis des décennies, d’améliorer notre compréhension du climat de la Terre. Toutefois de nombreuses zones d’ombre restent aujourd’hui inexplorées. La région du Nord-Est (NE) du Brésil et de l’Atlantique tropical de l’Ouest est à ce jour relativement peu étudiée. Pourtant, l’hydroclimat singulier du NE Brésil et le rôle de l’Atlantique tropical de l’Ouest dans le transport interhémisphérique de chaleur font de cette région une zone importante d’un point de vue climatique. Parmi les traceurs couramment employés pour reconstruire les paléoenvironnements, les biomarqueurs lipidiques sont de précieux supports d’information. De nombreuses propriétés environnementales telles que la température de l’océan, la composition du couvert de végétation ou les conditions hydroclimatiques peuvent être reconstruites à partir de l’abondance, de la distribution ou de la composition isotopique de ces molécules. Ce projet de thèse vise à reconstruire les variations hydroclimatiques passées dans la région de l’extrême NE du Brésil, en relation avec la circulation de surface de l’Atlantique tropical de l’Ouest par la caractérisation du matériel organique d’une carotte de sédiments marins prélevée sur la marge brésilienne qui couvre les derniers 305 000 ans. L’analyse de la matière organique (MO) aux échelles totale et moléculaire a, dans un premier temps, permis de caractériser les sources de MO et notamment la composition des végétations actuelles dans la région d’étude. Ensuite, les températures océaniques de surface et de subsurface, qui ont respectivement été reconstruites à partir de la distribution des alcénones à longues chaînes et des alkyl tétraéthers de glycérols isopréniques, mettent en lumière des réchauffements d’ampleur en subsurface lors des trois dernières déglaciations. L’action conjointe du ralentissement de la circulation océanique et de l’intensification de l’Agulhas Leakage pendant ces périodes est proposée pour expliquer le réchauffement de l’Atlantique tropical de l’Ouest. Enfin, les variations passées du couvert de végétation au NE Brésil, déduites des propriétés des n-alcanes à longues chaînes, sont apparues étroitement liées aux changements hydroclimatiques. La température de surface de l’Atlantique tropical et l’intensité des vents des alizés semblent jouer un rôle majeur dans le contrôle des variations passées de végétation et de l’hydroclimat du Nord-Est du Brésil. En résumé, ce travail a notamment permis d’une part de mieux comprendre le rôle de l’Atlantique tropical en tant que réservoir de chaleur pendant les déglaciations et d’autre part de mieux contraindre les influences contrôlant les variations hydroclimatiques passées au Nord-Est du Brésil
The Earth is a complex system with many interactions and is also home to countless species. Consequently, extensive research has enhanced our comprehension of the Earth's climate over the past few decades. Nonetheless, numerous areas remain unexplored. The North-East (NE) region of Brazil and the western tropical Atlantic have received limited attention so far. The distinctive hydroclimate of northeastern Brazil and the contribution of the tropical western Atlantic to interhemispheric heat transfer make these regions climatologically important. Lipid biomarkers are among the frequently utilized proxys for palaeoenvironmental reconstructions, and they provide valuable insights. Numerous environmental factors, including ocean temperature, vegetation composition, and hydroclimate conditions, can be deduced from the abundance, distribution, and isotopic composition of these compounds. The objective of this thesis project is to reconstruct previous hydroclimatic fluctuations in the extreme northeastern area of Brazil, associated with surface circulation in the western tropical Atlantic. This task will be achieved through the characterisation of organic material obtained from a marine sediment core sampled from the Brazilian margin spanning the last 305, 000 years. The characterization of organic matter (OM) at both total and molecular level was employed to identify the sources of OM and, specifically, the composition of the modern vegetation within the study area. Moreover, the reconstruction of surface and subsurface ocean temperatures respectively from the distribution of long-chain alkenones and isoprenoid glycerol alkyl tetraethers highlighted significant subsurface warmings over the last three deglaciations. The cause of the warming of the tropical western Atlantic during these periods is suggested to be the combined effect of reduced ocean circulation and increased intensity of the Agulhas Leakage. Finally, the study has found a close relationship between hydroclimatic changes and past variations in vegetation cover in northeastern Brazil, as inferred from long-chain n-alkanes properties. This relationship is largely influenced by the upper ocean temperature of the tropical Atlantic and the intensity of South-East trade winds. The present study allowed us to better understand the role of the tropical Atlantic as a heat reservoir during deglaciations and to better constrain the influences controlling past hydroclimatic variations in northeastern Brazil

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Rowe, Scott Thomas. « The predictability of Iowa's hydroclimate through analog forecasts ». Thesis, University of Iowa, 2014. https://ir.uiowa.edu/etd/1390.

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Iowa has long been affected by periods characterized by extreme drought and flood. In 2008, Cedar Rapids, Iowa was devastated by a record flood with damages around $3 billion. Several years later, Iowa was affected by severe drought in 2012, causing upwards of $30 billion in damages and losses across the United States. These climatic regimes can quickly transition from one regime to another, as was observed in the June 2013 major floods to the late summer 2013 severe drought across eastern Iowa. Though it is not possible to prevent a natural disaster from occurring, we explore how predictable these events are by using forecast models and analogs. Iowa's climate records are analyzed from 1950 to 2012 to determine if there are specific surface and upper-air pressure patterns linked to climate regimes (i.e., cold/hot and dry/wet conditions for a given month). We found that opposing climate regimes in Iowa have reversed anomalies in certain geographical regions of the northern hemisphere. These defined patterns and waves suggested to us that it could be possible to forecast extreme temperature and precipitation periods over Iowa if given a skillful forecast system. We examined the CMC, COLA, and GFDL models within the National Multi-Model Ensemble suite to create analog forecasts based on either surface or upper-air pressure forecasts. The verification results show that some analogs have predictability skill at the 0.5-month lead time exceeding random chance, but our overall confidence in the analog forecasts is not high enough to allow us to issue statewide categorical temperature and precipitation climate forecasts.

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Schiemann, Reinhard. « Forcing and variability of the hydroclimate in Central Asia / ». Zürich : ETH, 2007. http://e-collection.ethbib.ethz.ch/show?type=diss&nr=17426.

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Hartmann, Holly Chris. « Stakeholder driven research in a hydroclimatic context ». Diss., FIND on the Web, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/191254.

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Wi, Sungwook. « Impact of Climate Change on Hydroclimatic Variables ». Diss., The University of Arizona, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/265344.

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The conventional approach to the frequency analysis of extreme rainfall is complicated by non-stationarity resulting from climate change. In this study significant trends in extreme rainfall are detected using statistical trend tests (Mann-Kendall test and t-test) for all over the Korean Peninsula. The violation of the stationarity for 1 hour annual maximum series is detected for large part of the area especially for southwestern and northeastern regions. For stations showing non-stationarity, the non-stationary generalized extreme value (GEV) distribution model with a location parameter in the form of linear function of time makes significant improvement in modeling rainfall extremes when compared to the stationary GEV model. The Bartlett-Lewis rainfall model is used to generate annual maximum series for the purpose of generating the Intensity-Duration-Frequency (IDF) curve. Using 100 sets of 50 year synthetic annual maxima, it is found that the observed annual rainfall maximum series are reasonably represented by the model. The observed data is perturbed by change factors to incorporate the climate change scenario from the WRF (Weather Research and Forecasting) regional climate model into IDF estimates. The IDF curves for the future period 2040-2079 show highest estimates for all return periods and rainfall durations. The future IDF estimates show significant difference from the IDF estimates of the historical period (1968-2000). Overall, IDF curves show an increasing tendency over time. A historical and future climate simulation is evaluated over the Colorado River Basin using a 111-year simulation (1969-2079) of the WRF climate change scenario. We find the future projections show statistically significant increases in temperature with larger increases in the northern part of the basin. There are statistically insignificant increases in precipitation, while snowfall shows a statistically significant decrease throughout the period in all but the highest elevations and latitudes. The strongest decrease in snowfall is seen at high elevations in the southern part of the basin and low elevations in the northern part of the basin.

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Canon, Barriga Julio Eduardo. « Downscaling Climate and Vegetation Variability Associated with Global Climate Signals : a new Statistical Approach Applied to the Colorado River Basin ». Diss., The University of Arizona, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/195379.

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This research presents a new multivariate statistical approach to downscale hydroclimatic variables associated with global climate signals, from low-resolution Global Climate Models (GCMs) to high-resolution grids that are appropriate for regional and local hydrologic analysis. The approach uses Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and Multichannel Singular Spectrum Analysis (MSSA) to: 1) evaluate significant variation modes among global climate signals and spatially distributed hydroclimatic variables within certain spatial domain; 2) downscale the GCMs' projections of the hydroclimatic variables using these significant modes of variation and 3) extend the results to other correlated variables in the space domain. The approach is applied to the Colorado River Basin to determine common oscillations among observed precipitation and temperature patterns in the basin and the global climate signals El Nino Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO). These common oscillations serve as a basis to perform the downscaling of ENSO-related precipitation and temperature projections from GCMs, using a new gap-filling algorithm based on MSSA. The analysis of spatial and temporal correlations between observed precipitation, temperature and vegetation activity (represented by the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index, NDVI) is used to extend the downscaling of precipitation to vegetation responses in ten ecoregions within the basin. Results show significant common oscillations of five and 15-year between ENSO, PDO and annual precipitation in the basin, with wetter years during common ENSO and PDO positive phases and dryer years during common negative phases. Precipitation also shows an increase in variability in the last 20 years of record. Highly correlated responses between seasonally detrended NDVI and precipitation were also identified in each ecoregion, with distinctive delays in vegetation response ranging from one month in the southern deserts (in the fringe of the monsoon precipitation regime), to two months in the mid latitudes and three months to the north, affected by seasonal precipitation. These results were used to downscale precipitation and temperature from two GCMs that perform well in the basin and have a distinctive ENSO-like signal (MPI-ECHAM5 and UKMO-HADCM3) and to extend the downscaling to estimate vegetation responses based on their significant correlations with precipitation.

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Sobreiro, João Francisco Ferreira. « Vegetation multitemporal responses to hydroclimate variations in the Espinhaço Range (Brazil) / ». Rio Claro, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/183096.

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Orientador: Thiago Sanna Freire Silva
Resumo: Os sistemas montanhosos são laboratórios naturais para análise de gradientes. Elevação, amplitude e diferenças topográficas em montanhas podem criar fortes diferenças microclimáticas a curtas distâncias, aninhadas dentro da mesma região biogeográfica e macroclimática, permitindo-nos compreender melhor as respostas da vegetação e os feedbacks sobre a disponibilidade de água. Neste estudo, avaliamos como a distribuição da vegetação está ligada à disponibilidade de água na Serra do Espinhaço. Para tanto, abordamos as seguintes questões: 1) Quais são os regimes hidroclimáticos encontrados na Serra do Espinhaço e seus correspondentes tipos de vegetação? 2) Onde a produtividade da vegetação é mais e / ou menos acoplada aos regimes hidroclimáticos? 3) A topografia é capaz de impactar a produtividade da vegetação e suas relações de acoplamento com regimes hidroclimáticos? Além disso, considerando estas relações ambientais e de vegetação, 4) Como a resiliência climática dos tipos de vegetação nesta região varia? Conclui-se que na faixa do Espinhaço, a maior parte da dinâmica de produtividade da vegetação espaço-temporal é impulsionada por condições hidroclimáticas e / ou topo-edáficas. Nossos resultados mostram que a vegetação da Caatinga teve uma resposta plástica e relativamente rápida ao Déficit Hídrico Climático (CWD) e foi o tipo de vegetação com maior restrição hídrica. Cerrado e Campos Rupestres tiveram respostas semelhantes às flutuações no déficit hídrico, mostrando um gradie... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)
Abstract: Montane systems are natural laboratories for gradient analysis. Elevation, amplitude and topographical differences over mountains can create strong microclimatic differences over short distances, nested within the same biogeographic and macro-climatic region, thus allowing us to better understand vegetation responses and feedbacks to water availability. In this study, we assessed how vegetation distribution is linked to water availability in the Espinhaço Mountain Range. For that, we addressed the following questions: 1) Which are the hydroclimatic regimes found in the Espinhaço Range and their corresponding vegetation types? 2) Where does vegetation productivity is more and/or less coupled to hydroclimatic regimes? 3) Is topography able to impact vegetation productivity and its coupling relations to hydroclimatic regimes? Also, considering these environmental and vegetation relationships, 4) How does the climatic resilience of the vegetation types in this region vary? We conclude that in the Espinhaço Range, most of the spatio-temporal vegetation productivity dynamics are driven by hydroclimatic and/or topo-edaphic conditions. Our results show that “Caatinga” vegetation had a plastic and relatively fast response to Climatic Water Deficit (CWD) and was the most water-constrained vegetation type. “Cerrado” and “Campos Rupestres” had similar responses to fluctuations in water deficit, showing a gradient of slower to faster responses from “Humid” to “Very dry” hydroclimatic regi... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
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Sivapalan, Vinothan S. « Vegetation, Hydroclimate, and Fire Dynamics from the Late Illinois Glaciation (130 ka) to the Late Holocene ». University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2020. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1595850302778246.

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Hu, Kexiang. « Understanding Australia’s groundwater spatio-temporal variability in relation to its hydroclimate-hydrogeology ». Thesis, Curtin University, 2022. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/89138.

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Groundwater is a highly dependent water resource in Australia, yet it is not well understood, leading to different issues from one region to another. Currently, there are four major concerns about Australia’s groundwater; (i) groundwater decline, (ii) necessity of groundwater for agricultural expansion, (iii) data deficiency, and (iv), unclear groundwater recharge threshold conditions. To address these concerns, this thesis, therefore, aims to understand Australia’s spatio-temporal groundwater variation from a hydroclimatic and hydrogeological perspective.

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Livres sur le sujet "Hydroclimat"

Smith, Ian R. Hydroclimate. Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-2906-0.

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Awange, Joseph. Food Insecurity & ; Hydroclimate in Greater Horn of Africa. Cham : Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-91002-0.

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Hydroclimate : The influence of water movement on freshwater ecology. London : Elsevier Applied Science, 1992.

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Voropaĭ, N. N. Gidroklimaticheskie issledovanii︠a︡ Baĭkalʹskoĭ prirodnoĭ territorii : Hydroclimate studies of the Baikal natural territory. Novosibirsk : Akademicheskoe izdatelʹstvo "GEO", 2013.

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Huff, Floyd A. Frequency distributions and hydroclimatic characteristics of heavy rainstorms in Illinois. Champaign, Ill : Illinois State Water Survey, 1989.

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Huff, Floyd A. Frequency distribution and hydroclimatic characteristics of heavy rainstorms in Illinois. Champaign, Ill. (2204 Griffith Dr., Champaign 61820) : State Water Survey Division, 1988.

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National Research Council (U.S.). Water Science and Technology Board, National Research Council (U.S.) Committee on the Scientific Bases of Colorado River Basin Water Management et National Academies Press (U.S.), dir. Colorado River Basin water management : Evaluating and adjusting to hydroclimatic variability. Washington, D.C : National Academies Press, 2007.

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Yang, Wenchang. The Hydroclimate of East Africa : Seasonal cycle, Decadal Variability, and Human induced Climate Change. [New York, N.Y.?] : [publisher not identified], 2015.

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Rao, Mukund Palat. Hydroclimate variability and environmental change in Eurasia over the past millennium and its impacts. [New York, N.Y.?] : [publisher not identified], 2020.

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Bishop, Daniel Alexander. Attributing the Causes of a Century of Hydroclimatic Change in the United States. [New York, N.Y.?] : [publisher not identified], 2021.

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Chapitres de livres sur le sujet "Hydroclimat"

Smith, Ian R. « Hydroclimate ». Dans Hydroclimate, 1–3. Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-2906-0_1.

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Smith, Ian R. « The Structure and Dynamics of River Basins ». Dans Hydroclimate, 4–38. Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-2906-0_2.

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Smith, Ian R. « Outline of Fluid Dynamics ». Dans Hydroclimate, 39–73. Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-2906-0_3.

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Smith, Ian R. « The Dynamics of Hydraulic Systems ». Dans Hydroclimate, 74–97. Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-2906-0_4.

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Smith, Ian R. « Hydraulic Characteristics of Rivers ». Dans Hydroclimate, 98–141. Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-2906-0_5.

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Smith, Ian R. « Hydraulic Characteristics of Lakes ». Dans Hydroclimate, 142–203. Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-2906-0_6.

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Smith, Ian R. « River Basin Modification ». Dans Hydroclimate, 204–14. Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-2906-0_7.

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Smith, Ian R. « Freshwater Ecosystems ». Dans Hydroclimate, 215–41. Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-2906-0_8.

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Smith, Ian R. « Synthesis ». Dans Hydroclimate, 242–60. Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-2906-0_9.

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Mbaye, Mamadou Lamine, Babacar Faye, Bounama Dieye et Amadou Thierno Gaye. « Projected Hydroclimate Changes over Senegal (West Africa) ». Dans Innovations and Interdisciplinary Solutions for Underserved Areas, 187–204. Cham : Springer Nature Switzerland, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-51849-2_13.

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Actes de conférences sur le sujet "Hydroclimat"

Chormann, Alaina G., David P. Gillikin, Diana L. Thatcher, Alan D. Wanamaker, Victor J. Polyak et Yemane Asmerom. « CALIBRATING HYDROCLIMATE PROXIES IN A SOUTHERN PORTUGUESE SPELEOTHEM ». Dans 54th Annual GSA Northeastern Section Meeting - 2019. Geological Society of America, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/abs/2019ne-327947.

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Anderson, M. L. « A Statistical/Stochastic Model of the Hydroclimate System ». Dans World Environmental and Water Resources Congress 2008. Reston, VA : American Society of Civil Engineers, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/40976(316)407.

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Chormann, Alaina G., David P. Gillikin, Diana L. Thatcher, Alan D. Wanamaker, Victor J. Polyak et Yemane Asmerom. « CALIBRATING HYDROCLIMATE PROXIES IN TWO SOUTHERN PORTUGUESE SPELEOTHEMS ». Dans GSA Annual Meeting in Phoenix, Arizona, USA - 2019. Geological Society of America, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/abs/2019am-338266.

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Havlíková, Petra, et Anna Pavlíková. « Impact of rainfall-runoff regime on water quality of chosen streams in the Sázava River catchment ». Dans První konference PERUN. Český hydrometeorologický ústav, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.59984/978-80-7653-063-8.31.

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The aim of the contribution is to evaluate how hydroclimatic variables change due to the influence of advancing climate change and whether their change is reflected in the change in the water quality of surface streams. To evaluate the impact of climate change, four streams in the Sázava River basin were selected – Šlapanka, Sázavka, Jankovský potok and Chotýšanka. This is a watershed of a typically rural character, where the dominant source of pollution is agriculture. Data series of hydroclimatic parameters and water quality parameters provided by the ČHMÚ and Povodí Vltava s.p. were available. The selected parameters were: air temperature, total precipitation, height of snow cover in the basin and water temperature, conductivity, ammonia nitrogen, nitrite nitrogen, nitrate nitrogen, phosphate phosphorus and total phosphorus in streams. Data were analysed using regression analysis, correlation coefficients, and the Mann-Kendall trend test. Data analysis showed that hydroclimatic parameters changed in the observed period. The air temperature increased, its increase was proven by the Mann-Kendall trend test (Sázavka and Šlapanka River basin). Furthermore, the number of tropical days increased, the height and duration of the snow cover decreased. No trend was found in the rainfall totals data. There was a slight increase in stream water temperature, but this increase was not confirmed by the Mann-Kendall trend test. Nitrate concentrations were high in all selected streams and their concentrations stagnated or slightly decreased. Phosphate phosphorus concentrations also decreased. Dependency analyses showed that in selected river basins nitrates come from areal sources of pollution, while phosphates rather come from diffuse point sources of pollution. The planned management of activities in the river basin is therefore necessary to adapt to the character of pollution sources.

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Hein, Christopher, Valier Galy, Timothy Eglinton, Muhammed Ojoshogu Usman et Negar Haghipour. « Post-Glacial Hydroclimate Forcing of Tropical Soil-Carbon Storage ». Dans Goldschmidt2020. Geochemical Society, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.46427/gold2020.1009.

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Kuchment, L. S. « Modeling of Land Surface Hydrologic Processes in Hydroclimate Modeling ». Dans World Environmental and Water Resources Congress 2008. Reston, VA : American Society of Civil Engineers, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/40976(316)386.

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Wilson, Anna, Rob Cifelli, Francisco Munoz-Arriola, Jason Giovannettone, Julie Vano, Tye Parzybok, Alexis Dufour, Jay Jasperse, Kelly Mahoney et Bill McCormick. « Efforts to Build Infrastructure Resiliency to Future Hydroclimate Extremes ». Dans Geo-Extreme 2021. Reston, VA : American Society of Civil Engineers, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/9780784483695.022.

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Prescott, Edward, Colby Rome, Colin Heinzmann, Matthew Hawkins, Alan Marchiori et Benjamin R. Hayes. « Hydrosense : An Open Platform for Hydroclimatic Monitoring ». Dans 2016 IEEE International Conference on Smart Computing (SMARTCOMP). IEEE, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/smartcomp.2016.7501695.

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Castañeda, Isla S., Benjamin Andrew Keisling et Jeffrey M. Salacup. « HYDROCLIMATE VARIABILITY IN CENTRAL NORTH AFRICA DURING THE PLIO-PLEISTOCENE ». Dans 51st Annual Northeastern GSA Section Meeting. Geological Society of America, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/abs/2016ne-272239.

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Lepre, Chris, et Paul E. Olsen. « HEMATITE RECONSTRUCTION OF LATE TRIASSIC HYDROCLIMATE OVER THE COLORADO PLATEAU ». Dans GSA 2020 Connects Online. Geological Society of America, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/abs/2020am-352779.

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Rapports d'organisations sur le sujet "Hydroclimat"

Sparrow, Kent, Joseph Gutenson, Mark Wahl et Kayla Cotterman. Evaluation of climatic and hydroclimatic resources to support the US Army Corps of Engineers Regulatory Program. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), septembre 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/45484.

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Short-term climatic and hydrologic interactions, or hydroclimatology, are an important consideration when delineating the geographic extent of aquatic resources and assessing whether an aquatic resource is a jurisdictional water of the United States (WOTUS) and is therefore subject to the Clean Water Act (CWA). The now vacated 2020 Navigable Waters Protection Rule (NWPR) required the evaluation of precipitation and other hydroclimatic conditions to assess the jurisdictional status of an aquatic resource based on normal hydroclimatic conditions. Short-term hydroclimatic conditions, such as antecedent precipitation, evapotranspiration, wetland delineation, and streamflow duration assessments, provide information on an aquatic resource’s geo-graphic extent, hydrologic characteristics, and hydrologic connectivity with other aquatic resources. Here, researchers from the US Army Corps of Engineers, Engineer Research and Development Center (ERDC) evaluate tools and data available to practitioners for assessing short-term hydroclimatic conditions. The work highlights specific meteorological phenomena that are important to consider when assessing short-term hydroclimatic conditions that affect the geographic extent and hydrologic characteristics of an aquatic resource. The findings suggest that practitioners need access to data and tools that more holistically consider the impact of short-term antecedent hydroclimatology on the entire hydrologic cycle, rather than tools based solely on precipitation.

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Newcomer, Michelle, L. Ruby Leung et Kristen Rasmussen. Understanding and Predictability of Integrated Mountain Hydroclimate Workshop Report. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), janvier 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1967878.

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Ghil, Michael, Andrew W. Robertson, Edward R. Cook, Rosanne D’Arrigo, Upmanu Lall et Padhraic J. Smyth. Decadal Prediction and Stochastic Simulation of Hydroclimate Over Monsoonal Asia. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), janvier 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1168586.

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Bennett, Katrina, Satish Karra et Velimir Vesselinov. Characterization of Extreme Hydroclimate Events in Earth System Models using ML/AI. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), avril 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1769685.

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Smyth, Padhraic. Final technical report for Decadal Prediction and Stochastic Simulation of Hydroclimate over Monsoonal Asia. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), mars 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1241554.

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Rannie, W. F. A survey of hydroclimate, flooding, and runoff in the Red River Basin prior to 1870. Natural Resources Canada/ESS/Scientific and Technical Publishing Services, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/210203.

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Seager, Richard. Impact of rising greenhouse gases on mid-latitude storm tracks and associated hydroclimate variability and change. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), septembre 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1165193.

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Bégin, C., et M. M. Savard. Dendroisotopic reconstruction of hydroclimatic conditions over the past centuries in hydropower regions of the Québec-Labrador Peninsula. Natural Resources Canada/ESS/Scientific and Technical Publishing Services, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/290158.

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Chen, Z., et S. E. Grasby. Temporal trend analysis of synthetic and real hydroclimate time series and impacts of long term quasi-periodic components on trend tests. Natural Resources Canada/ESS/Scientific and Technical Publishing Services, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/247832.

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Pritchard, Michael. Final report for DOE Early Career Award # DE-SC0012152 : Understanding the Roles of Cloud Microphysics and Land Surface Coupling Feedbacks in Multi-Scale Predictions of Central US Summer Hydroclimate. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), novembre 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1828967.

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