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Thèses sur le sujet « Hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic effects »

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Publié le 7 juin 2025

Mis à jour le 2 août 2025

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1

Frota, Julyanne Torres. "Evaluation of hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic activity of mixture of α,β-amyrin, pentacyclic triterpenes isolated of protium heptaphyllum in mice." Universidade Federal do CearÃ, 2011. http://www.teses.ufc.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=6886.

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nÃo hÃ<br>The Protium heptaphyllum (almecegueira) exudes an amorphous resin consisting of four binary mixtures of triterpenoids, and the mixture of ,-amyrin its major constituent. In folk medicine, the resin of Protium heptaphyllum is used as anti-inflammatory, gastroprotective, analgesic, expectorant and healing. The mixture of pentacyclic triterpenes ,-amyrin (AB) (63:37) has gastroprotective, antipruritic, antiinflammatory and antioxidant properties. Experimental studies with pentacyclic triterpene compounds belonging to the groups ursan, oleanan and lupan sh

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Roffey, Ben. "The effects of Momordica charantia and cinnamon extracts on glucose uptake and adiponectin secretion in 3T3-L1 adipose cells /." Thesis, McGill University, 2006. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=98782.

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To examine the effects of Momordica charantia (MC) and cinnamon on glucose uptake and adiponectin secretion (AS) fat cells, 3T3-L1 adipocytes were treated with a water extract of cinnamon (CE) and three concentrations of MC water and ethanol extracts. The treatment combination of 0.2 mg/ml MC water extract and 0.5 nM insulin was associated with an increased glucose uptake into the cells (61%) and increased AS from the cells (75%). Without insulin, 0.2 mg/ml of CE increased glucose uptake (100%) and completely inhibited AS from the cells. Sub-optimal concentrations of insulin did not further en

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Lau, Vivian Wai Yan 1977. "Effects of plant sterols on plasma lipid profiles, glycemic control of hypercholesterolemic individuals with and without type 2 diabetes." Thesis, McGill University, 2003. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=80312.

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Plant sterols (PS) are effective in reducing plasma lipid concentrations, however, few studies have examined their cholesterol lowering effects in type 2 diabetics. The objective was to assess whether PS consumption alters blood lipid profile in hypercholesterolemic subjects with and without type 2 diabetes. Fifteen control subjects (age = 55.1 +/- 8.5 yr and BMI = 26.9 +/- 3.0kg/m2) and fourteen diabetic subjects (age = 54.5 +/- 6.7 yr and BMI = 30.2 +/- 3.0kg/m2) participated in a double-blinded, randomized, crossover, placebo-controlled feeding trial. The Western diet included either

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Al-Salami, Hani, and n/a. "The combination of probiotics, 12-monoketocholic acid (bile acid) and gliclazide in a rat model of type 1 diabetes : hypoglycemic effects, pharmacokinetics and transport studies." University of Otago. School of Pharmacy, 2009. http://adt.otago.ac.nz./public/adt-NZDU20090903.150030.

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Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is a metabolic disorder characterized by destruction of the pancreatic beta-islet cells leading to complete loss of insulin production. Gliclazide is used in Type 2 diabetes (T2D) to stimulate insulin production but it also has beneficial extrapancreatic effects which make it potentially useful in T1D. In fact, some T2D patients continue to use gliclazide even after their diabetes progresses to T1D since it provides better glycemic control than insulin alone. About 30% of a gliclazide dose undergoes enterohepatic recirculation which may contribute to the observed high int

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Peng, Chih-Ting, and 彭稚庭. "Hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic effects of Hedyotis diffusa in streptozotocin-nicotinamide-induced diabetic rats." Thesis, 2015. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/61471649012478893987.

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碩士<br>輔仁大學<br>營養科學系碩士班<br>103<br>Hedyotis diffusa (HD) is a well-known Chinese folk medicine. Previous research has shown that HD has many potentially beneficial health effects including antioxidant, anti-tumor and immunomodulatory activities. Recent studies found that oleanolic acid and ursolic acid, the main phenolic compounds in HD, can reduce blood glucose by inhibiting gluconeogenesis in diabetic rats. Therefore, the present study investigated the hypoglycemic effects of Hedyotis diffusa in streptozotocin-nicotinamide-induced diabetic rats. The HD extracts derived from various solvents (

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Lin, Wei-Kang, and 林維剛. "Evaluation of the hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic effects of submerged culture of Ganoderma lucidum on type 2 diabetic rats." Thesis, 2015. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/hv3rsk.

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"Pharmacological studies of Ilex latifolia--: hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic effects and lack of acute toxicity of Ilex latifolia extract and its saponin-enriched fraction." 2000. http://library.cuhk.edu.hk/record=b5890309.

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by Fok Ho Yin.<br>Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2000.<br>Includes bibliographical references (leaves 114-120).<br>Abstracts in English and Chinese.<br>Acknowledgements --- p.ii<br>Abstract --- p.iii<br>槪論 --- p.v<br>List of Abbreviations --- p.vi<br>Chapter Chapter 1 --- Introduction --- p.1<br>Chapter Chapter 2 --- Toxicological studies on the effect of Ilex latifolia extract and its saponin-enriched Fraction --- p.19<br>Chapter Chapter 3 --- Hypoglycemic effect of Ilex latifolia extract and its saponin-enriched fraction --- p.51<br>Chapter Chapter 4 --- Hypolipide

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Lin, Lan-Chi, and 林蘭砡. "THe Hypolipidemic Effects of Pu-Erh tea." Thesis, 1997. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/93779916365802966659.

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碩士<br>國立臺灣大學<br>食品科技研究所<br>85<br>The Hypolipidemic Effects of Pu-Erh Tea Lan-Chi, Lin. Graduate Institute of Food Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan, R.O.C. Abstract Pu-Erh tea is a fermented tea produced in the Yunan district in China. Recently, this tea has also gained popularity in Taiwan. In Pu-Erh tea, the bioactive ingredients can be originated from the tea leaves and their transformed products by the endogenous enzymes. Metabolites deriv

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Chang, Chun-Kai, and 張淳凱. "Assessment of the Hypolipidemic Effects of Combinatory or Alternative Administration of Various Hypolipidemic Functional food." Thesis, 2008. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/02077795039538737323.

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碩士<br>中原大學<br>生物科技研究所<br>96<br>It has been recognized that many foods containing with some special components which can either reduce risk factors of a disease or enhance health benefits. However, people are very hard to ingest a same health food for years to obtain its benefit. The aim of the study was to investigate can a person eat various foods in a category with same health function, in stead of a same single health food? Eighty hamsters were divided into 8 groups, 8 each, and fed recommended dose of Chlorella-Cryptomonadales, chitosan, oat, fish oil, adlay, a cycle menu of these 5 foo

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Tseng, Chien-Jung, and 曾千容. "The Hypoglycemic Effects of Dioscorea TuberCultivated in Taiwan." Thesis, 2005. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/10485937705147416720.

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碩士<br>高雄醫學大學<br>天然藥物研究所碩士班<br>93<br>Dioscorea tuber has been used in medical treatment and functional food for thousand years. In this study, hypoglycemic activity was detected in polysaccharide-enriched fractions (PLE) and hot water extracts (HWE) of five kinds of Dioscorea tubers cultivated in Taiwan (numbers and origins: TA01: Dioscorea alata L., TA02: D. alata L., TA03: D. alata L. var. purpurea (Roxb.) M. Pouch., TA04: D. persimilis Prain et Burk. and TA05: D. alata L.) using streptozotocin (STZ) induced diabetic mouse/rat models. Animals showing blood glucose levels 250~300 mg/dL 48 h a

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"Hypolipidemic, antioxidative and vascular effects of soy leaves (Glycine max L. Merr.)." 2001. http://library.cuhk.edu.hk/record=b5890593.

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Ho Hing Man.<br>Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2001.<br>Includes bibliographical references (leaves 140-156).<br>Abstracts in English and Chinese.<br>Chapter Chapter 1 --- General introduction<br>Chapter 1.1 --- History of soybean --- p.1<br>Chapter 1.2 --- Health benefits of soybean --- p.2<br>Chapter 1.3 --- Introduction to flavonoids --- p.2<br>Chapter 1.4 --- Bioavailability of flavonoids from foods --- p.3<br>Chapter 1.5 --- Pharmacological effects of flavonoids and their glycosides --- p.4<br>Chapter 1.5.1 --- Anticarcinogenic activity --- p.4<br>Chapter 1.5.2 -

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黃宗雄. "An animal models study on the immunomodulating and hypolipidemic effects of black soybean whey." Thesis, 2003. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/39784045786414346811.

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Lin, Chia-Hsuan, and 林家瑄. "Hypolipidemic effects of supercritical CO2 extract refraction from Pinus morrisonicola Hay needles in hamsters." Thesis, 2014. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/03416491844250169742.

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碩士<br>中州科技大學<br>保健食品系<br>102<br>Taiwan's five-leaf pine (Pinus morrisonicola Hay; PM) has been shown to have antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and hypolipidemic potential. Past studies show that the antioxidant and hypolipidemic effects of supercritical CO2 extract refraction from PM needles purified by thin layer and column chromatography methods (PME3-1) is better than unrefracting of PME3. Therefore, the aim of this study was further to investigate the hypolipidemic effects of PME3-1 and its possible mechanisms in vivo. We fed a high-fat and high-cholesterol diet (15% Fat, 0.2% Cholesterol)

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Wang, Ruoh-Yuh, and 王若昱. "Hypoglycemic and Antioxidative Effects of Glossogyne Tenuifolia in Streptozotocin–Nicotinamide-induced Diabetic Rats." Thesis, 2013. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/16203248029104836466.

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碩士<br>輔仁大學<br>營養科學系碩士班<br>101<br>The global prevalence of diabetes mellitus (DM) is increasing rapidly in recent years, and disease ranked among the top ten leading causes of death in Taiwan. Glossogyne tenuifolia (GT), a native plant of Penghu, Taiwan, is usually used as an herbal tea. Recent researches have been shown that the active components in GT are potential inhibitors of α-glucosidase. The present study investigated that whether or not GT could improve the status of type 2 DM. The effects of GT extracts derived from various solvents (95% ethanol, 50% ethanol and hot water) on the inhi

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Cheng, Chia-Hsin, and 鄭佳欣. "Study for the molecular mechanism underlying the hypoglycemic effects of Momordica charantia triterpenes." Thesis, 2010. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/74989628543880767470.

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碩士<br>國立屏東科技大學<br>生物科技研究所<br>98<br>The occurrence of type 2 diabetes is closely associated with the development of insulin resistance. Previously, two triterpenes, CH63 and CH93, were isolated from the extract of the stem of Momordica charantia. They were proved to promote glucose uptake, activate the insulin signaling pathway and AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) in insulin-resistant cells. Therefore, CH63 and CH93 were considered to be hypoglycemic molecules. The purpose of this study is to further explore the molecular mechanisms underlying the hypoglycemic activitise of CH63 and CH93. In

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CHEN, YOU-JU, and 陳佑儒. "Study on the Hypoglycemic and Anti-inflammatory Effects of Cyclocarya paliurus Leaf-Extract." Thesis, 2019. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/eu2wqh.

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碩士<br>大仁科技大學<br>藥學系碩士班<br>107<br>Diabetes is a metabolic disease. Diabetes is characterized by the blood sugar of the patient is over the standard value for a long time. At least 150 million people worldwide suffer from diabetes. This incident shows that diabetes has seriously threatened the health of the people. Currently, about 90% of patients with diabetes are classified as type 2 diabetes. In recent years, studies have shown that type 2 diabetes causes inflammatory factors such as TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-1β...etc, which produce an inflammatory response that in turn causes insulin resistance. In

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LIN, YEN-FENG, and 林鴈峯. "Hypoglycemic Effects of Ethanol Extracts from Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp. Roots in Rats." Thesis, 2016. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/uxtw97.

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碩士<br>大葉大學<br>生物產業科技學系<br>104<br>Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp. root cooked with the ribs can cure diabetes is recognized an aboriginal traditional therapies. Previous studies known after a series of separation and purification from ethanol extract of Cajanus cajan root was obtained Betulinic acid, biochanin A, 5,2'-dihydroxy-7,4'-dimethoxyisoflavanone (cajanol), genistein, 2'-hydroxygenistein and other differences flavonoids. Many studies have confirmed the above components such as: genistein has excellent antioxidant capacity and the ability to inhibit the decomposition of carbohydrates. We inve

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Wang, Chiung-yean, and 王瓊嫣. "Studies on the hypolipidemic and antioxidative effects of different species of Dioscorea in hyperlipidemia hamsters." Thesis, 2005. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/20082564261038844111.

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碩士<br>國立中山大學<br>生物科學系研究所<br>93<br>Recent studies indicated that Atherosclerosis was thought to the resulted from high blood lipid and oxidative stress. Dioscorea has been recognized as an edible medicinal herb as well as healthy plant. Related studies showed that Taiwannative yam (Dioscorea) exhibited hypoglycemic, antioxidative and hypolipidemic functions. However, researches regarding the best species of native Dioscorea revealing the efficacy with both antioxidative and hypolipidemic functions are limited. Previously our laboratory, found that three in five native species of Dioscorea provi

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Li, Chia-Ching, and 李佳靜. "Effects of Heating and Media Milling on Antioxidative and Hypoglycemic Activity of Wild Bitter Melon." Thesis, 2010. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/17473633469873297981.

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碩士<br>臺灣大學<br>食品科技研究所<br>98<br>Wild bitter melon is traditionally known for its medicinal properties such as antioxidant, anticancer, hypoglycemic, and cholesterol lowering effects. We explored the effects of heating treatments and media milling on antioxidative and hypoglycemic activities of bitter melon. Antioxidative activity was evaluated by cellular antioxidant activity assay along with other methods. Hypoglycemic activity was evaluated by glucose uptake activity. In antioxidant activity assays, the results showed that the antioxidant activities decreased as heating temperatures being inc

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Zhong, Qian-Hui, and 鍾千慧. "Hypolipidemic effects and molecular mechanisms of Mei-Gin formula in high fat/cholesterol diet-induced hyperlipidemia hamsters." Thesis, 2018. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/yjqwm2.

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碩士<br>國立中興大學<br>食品暨應用生物科技學系所<br>106<br>Prunus mume Sieb. et Zucc. is the deciduous tree of the Rosaceae family. It has antitussive, expectorant, antiemetic, and antipyretic effects in Chinese traditional medicine. It provides many physiological activities, including anti-obesity, anti-oxidation, anti-osteoporosis, hypoglycemic, anti-fatigue, and anti-cancer. Mei-Gin is the concentrated extract of plum fruit. However, the functional components and physiological effects of the plum fruit are destroied during the long time heating process. Therefore, this research used Mei-Gin formulas which are

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Chen, Shiau-Ting, and 陳筱婷. "Evaluation of the Chronic Cardioprotective and Hypoglycemic Effects of TM-1 in Normal and Diabetic Mice." Thesis, 2009. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/74933903783615281855.

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pei-hui, Wang, and 王珮憓. "The Study of Hypoglycemic Effects of Toona Sinensis Aqueous Leaf Extracts on Alloxan-induced Diabetic Rats." Thesis, 2001. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/86408924252570713206.

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碩士<br>高雄醫學大學<br>醫學研究所<br>89<br>Toona sinensis (TS) is a broadleaf tree, which grows all around the world, which is composed of only four or five ‘good’ species. TS are the only Toona species in which the leaflet margins can be serrate to serrulate. The trees provide very high quality timber and are widely used medicinally, the bark being used as an astringent and depurative, the root as a refreshment and a diuretic, the tender leaves as a carminative and a corrective, and the fruits as an astringent and for treatment of eye infections. The leaves and young shoots have been used as a vegetable

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Cheng, Ching-Huan, and 程景煥. "Hypolipidemic and antioxidative effects of Chinese herb essence and anti-oxidant agents in a rabbit model of hyperlipidemia." Thesis, 2003. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/94881021314893840066.

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碩士<br>中國醫藥學院<br>醫學研究所<br>91<br>四英文摘要 Cardiovascular disease is a common phenomenon when the diet contains high cholesterol. In this study the antioxidative and hypolipidemic effects of Chinese herb and anti-oxidant agent were investigated in hypercholesterolemic rabbit . The normal group was fed regular chow and the cholesterol group was fed a chow containing 0.5 % cholesterol. The Chinese herb group were fed 1 % herbal essence and were fed 0.1% anti-oxidant agent in antioxidant group . The total cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, triacylglycerol and lucigenic-CL were decreased in the C

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Lin, Po-Hsun, and 林伯勳. "Studies on antioxidant, hypoglycemic effects and rice pasta application of chromium enriched Ganoderma lucidum fermented rice flour." Thesis, 2014. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/47817755493678285042.

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碩士<br>國立宜蘭大學<br>食品科學系碩士班<br>101<br>Ganoderma lucidum is one of the most important Chinese medicinal and edible mushrooms. The most important active components of G. lucidum are polysaccharides and triterpenoids. They have been proven to possess many pharmacological functions such as antioxidant, anti-hepatitis, hypoglycemic activity, anti-inflammation and hypercholesterolemia. Trivalent chromium can improve blood sugar control and glucose tolerance in diabetes. Therefore, chromium with different concentrations (0, 100 and 200 ppm ) were added to brown rice medium with 50% moisture content for

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Chen, Ying-I., and 陳瑛宜. "The hypoglycemic effects and mechanisms of the Chinese herbal aqueous extract in steroid-induced insulin-resistant rats." Thesis, 2015. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/27556217148803259836.

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博士<br>國立中興大學<br>生物科技學研究所<br>103<br>Abstract Background: The aim of this study was to explore the hypoglycemic effects and mechanisms of the Chinese medicine aqueous extract in steroid-induced insulin-resistant (SIIR) rats. One of Xylaria nigripes (XN) is a medicinal fungus that is broadly used in traditional Chinese medi¬cine, another for Gardenia jasminoides Ellis（GJ）is a medicinal herbs, exhibit a hypoglycemic effect by improving insulin secretion and lowering plasma lipids. Methods: In the present study, we fed a water extract of XN and GJ to steroid-induced insulin-resistant (SIIR) rats a

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Abdelmalik, Peter A. "An investigation of the mechanisms, and the effects, of hypoglycemic seizures in a novel in vitro model." 2007. http://link.library.utoronto.ca/eir/EIRdetail.cfm?Resources__ID=742520&T=F.

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Lin, Sih-Han, and 林思涵. "Investigation on the hypoglycemic effects of the crude extracts from the stems, fruits, and seeds of Cucurbita moschata." Thesis, 2016. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/10439747828557165033.

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碩士<br>國立屏東科技大學<br>生物科技系所<br>104<br>The stem of Cucurbita moschata has been confirmed to contain hypoglycaemic components, but the hypoglycaemic effects of other tissues of the plant are not clear. The purpose of this study is to investigate and compare the hypoglycaemic effects of the stems, the fruits, and the seeds of C. moschata. The rat normal hepatic cell line Clone 9 and the mouse muscle cell line C2C12 were used as models to assay whether the crude extracts of these tissues could promote the glucose consumption of the cells. Consequently, none of the crude extracts showed such an effect

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Li-Kaung and 劉力綱. "Effects of Mulberry (Morus alba L.) Extracts on Hypolipidemic and Prevention of Fat Accumulation in High Fat /Cholesterol Diets fed Hamsters." Thesis, 2010. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/37327813927872481762.

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博士<br>中山醫學大學<br>生化暨生物科技研究所<br>98<br>The objective of this study was to investigate the lipid and fat accumulation-lowering effects of mulberry water extracts (MWEs). To evaluate these effects of MWEs, hamsters were fed with either high fat/cholesterol diets (HFCD) or HFCD supplemented with 0.5, 1 and 2% MWEs for 10 weeks. Plasma total cholesterol (TC) and triglyceride (TG) levels of hamsters fed HFCD with MWEs were significantly reduced by about 44-60% and 14-45%, respectively, as compared to those without MWEs. Similar results were also measured in hepatic TC and TG of hamsters fed HFCD with

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Wu, Ya-Chi, and 吳雅琪. "Study of a Chinese herbal complex on the hypolipidemic effects in hamsters fed with high fat diet and the genotoxicity evaluation." Thesis, 2009. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/58085157177486370173.

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碩士<br>臺北醫學大學<br>醫學科學研究所<br>97<br>The hypercholesterolemia and hyperlipidemia were associated with the high incidence of the formation or development of atherosclerosis and related cardiovascular disorders. Some natural plants have proven they could reduce the concentration of cholesterol or triglycerides in blood serum so that postpone formation or development of cardiovascular disorders. Salvia miltiorrhiza bunge, a traditional Chinese herb which is taken as a blood-quickening, stasis-dispelling medicine, is widely used to improve cardiovascular disorders. Salvianolic acid B is extracted from

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"Investigation on the anti-diabetic effects of selected natural products/Chinese herbs by inhibiting the activity of sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2)." 2012. http://library.cuhk.edu.hk/record=b5549132.

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糖尿病是一種以不正常的高血糖為主要特徵的長期性的糖代謝紊亂疾病。二型糖尿病是常見的糖尿病類型，多於九成的糖尿病病人患有此種類型。各種引起糖尿病的病因最終都會導致血糖過高，並且最終會引起有關眼睛，腎臟，神經和血管系統的併發癥。迄今，糖尿病正影響著大約世界6%的人口，而現在患病率依然在逐年增加。在香港，由於高能量的食和缺乏運動，越來越多的老年人和青年人正在遭受著糖尿病的困擾。糖尿病不是一種致命性的疾病，但是如果沒有採取好的治療控制措施，糖尿病最終會引起一些併發癥，這些併發癥最終會使糖尿病患者走向死亡。高血糖癥不僅是糖尿病的主要特徵，而且也是引起各種糖尿病併發癥的重要因素，在二型糖尿病的治療當中，根據各種病理因素，市場上已經研製出了很多西藥來治療糖尿病。然而，它們都有一些副作用的限制。因此，我們需要通過綜合治療和通過新的途徑研製新的製劑來控制血糖水平，保護病人遠離長期併發癥的困擾。如今，腎臟在血糖平衡中的重要角色已經被很好的認知。在過去的二十年裡，通過減少血糖在腎臟的重吸收來增加尿液中血糖的排出，從而達到降低體內血糖水平的方法已經被提出并認為是治療糖尿病的一直新的途徑。在腎臟中，鈉葡萄糖共轉運體2（SGLT 2）主要負責葡萄糖的重吸收，因此，鈉葡萄糖共轉運體2（SGLT 2）抑製劑被認為是一種有潛質的新型的治療糖尿病的製劑。然而，市場上至今沒有成功研製這種製劑。达格列嗪（dapag

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"The metabolic effects of orlistat and rosiglitazone on insulin action in a group of Chinese patients affected by the metabolic syndrome." 2005. http://library.cuhk.edu.hk/record=b5892482.

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Loh Shwu Chun.<br>Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2005.<br>Includes bibliographical references (leaves [109]-120).<br>Abstracts in English and Chinese; appendix also in Chinese.<br>Acknowledgements --- p.i<br>Abstract --- p.ii<br>Abstract (in Chinese) --- p.iv<br>List of Abbreviations --- p.v<br>List of Tables --- p.vii<br>List of Figures --- p.ix<br>Table of Contents<br>Chapter Chapter One: --- Introduction and Study Objectives<br>Chapter 1. --- Introduction --- p.1<br>Chapter 1.1 --- Definition and diagnostic criteria of the metabolic syndrome --- p.2<br>Chapter 1.

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McNeilly, A. D., Ritchie Williamson, D. J. Balfour, C. A. Stewart, and C. Sutherland. "A high-fat-diet-induced cognitive deficit in rats that is not prevented by improving insulin sensitivity with metformin." 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10454/6095.

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AIMS/HYPOTHESIS: We previously demonstrated that animals fed a high-fat (HF) diet for 10 weeks developed insulin resistance and behavioural inflexibility. We hypothesised that intervention with metformin would diminish the HF-feeding-evoked cognitive deficit by improving insulin sensitivity. METHODS: Rats were trained in an operant-based matching and non-matching to position task (MTP/NMTP). Animals received an HF (45% of kJ as lard; n = 24), standard chow (SC; n = 16), HF + metformin (144 mg/kg in diet; n = 20) or SC + metformin (144 mg/kg in diet; n = 16) diet for 10 weeks before retesting.

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Kickstein, E., S. Krauss, P. Thornhill, et al. "Biguanide metformin acts on tau phosphorylation via mTOR/protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A) signaling." 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10454/6051.

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Hyperphosphorylated tau plays an important role in the formation of neurofibrillary tangles in brains of patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD) and related tauopathies and is a crucial factor in the pathogenesis of these disorders. Though diverse kinases have been implicated in tau phosphorylation, protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A) seems to be the major tau phosphatase. Using murine primary neurons from wild-type and human tau transgenic mice, we show that the antidiabetic drug metformin induces PP2A activity and reduces tau phosphorylation at PP2A-dependent epitopes in vitro and in vivo. This tau

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