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Articles de revues sur le sujet « Insect nematodes Molecular genetics »

Auteur : Grafiati

Publié le 4 juin 2021

Mis à jour le 29 janvier 2023

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1

Clarke, David J. "Photorhabdus: a tale of contrasting interactions." Microbiology 166, no. 4 (April 1, 2020): 335–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/mic.0.000907.

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Different model systems have, over the years, contributed to our current understanding of the molecular mechanisms underpinning the various types of interaction between bacteria and their animal hosts. The genus Photorhabdus comprises Gram-negative insect pathogenic bacteria that are normally found as symbionts that colonize the gut of the infective juvenile stage of soil-dwelling nematodes from the family Heterorhabditis. The nematodes infect susceptible insects and release the bacteria into the insect haemolymph where the bacteria grow, resulting in the death of the insect. At this stage the

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Rosenzweig, W. D., D. Premachandran, and D. Pramer. "Role of trap lectins in the specificity of nematode capture by fungi." Canadian Journal of Microbiology 31, no. 8 (August 1, 1985): 693–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/m85-131.

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Seven adhesive-producing nematode-trapping fungi were tested for their ability to capture nine different nematodes. The nematodes included species that are free living as well as plant and insect parasites. The fungi displayed no selectivity. Each fungus was able to trap and consume all of the different nematodes tested. A study of cuticle surface saccharides of five of the nematodes revealed the presence on all the nematodes of glucose–mannose and N-acetylgalactosamine residues. L-Fucose residues were not found on any of the nematodes. The involvement of lectins in the capture of prey by nema

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Ciche, Todd A., and Jerald C. Ensign. "For the Insect Pathogen Photorhabdus luminescens, Which End of a Nematode Is Out?" Applied and Environmental Microbiology 69, no. 4 (April 2003): 1890–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.69.4.1890-1897.2003.

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ABSTRACT The nematode Heterorhabditis bacteriophora is the vector for transmitting the entomopathogenic bacterium Photorhabdus luminescens between insect larvae. The dauer juvenile (DJ) stage nematode selectively retains P. luminescens in its intestine until it releases the bacteria into the hemocoel of an insect host. We report the results of studying the transmission of the bacteria by its nematode vector. Cells of P. luminescens labeled with green fluorescent protein preferentially colonized a region of the DJ intestine immediately behind the basal bulb, extending for various distances towa

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FALAHZADAH, MOHAMMAD HUSSAIN, EBRAHIM SHOKOOHI, GHOLAM HOSSEIN MORAVEJ, PHATU WILLIAM MASHELA, ABDUL KHALID MADADI, and JAVAD KARIMI. "Entomophilic nematodes, Diploscapter coronatus and Oscheius tipulae from Afghanistan." Zootaxa 4926, no. 3 (February 9, 2021): 401–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4926.3.5.

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Several soil samples from different habitats in Badakhshan province of Afghanistan were collected to isolate and characterize bacteria feeding nematodes. The Galleria mellonella-baiting method was used for the isolation of the Afghan insect-associated nematodes. The nematodes were studied using morphological and morphometric data. The Oscheius specimen was characterized by a longer body (630–820 µm) and shorter pharynx (125–145 µm), whereas other morphological characters were not unusual. The Diploscapter specimen had an annulated cuticle, with lip region width 1.5 times shorter than the stoma

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Parks, Sophia C., Susan Nguyen, Shyon Nasrolahi, Chaitra Bhat, Damian Juncaj, Dihong Lu, Raghavendran Ramaswamy, et al. "Parasitic nematode fatty acid- and retinol-binding proteins compromise host immunity by interfering with host lipid signaling pathways." PLOS Pathogens 17, no. 10 (October 29, 2021): e1010027. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1010027.

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Parasitic nematodes cause significant morbidity and mortality globally. Excretory/secretory products (ESPs) such as fatty acid- and retinol- binding proteins (FARs) are hypothesized to suppress host immunity during nematode infection, yet little is known about their interactions with host tissues. Leveraging the insect parasitic nematode, Steinernema carpocapsae, we describe here the first in vivo study demonstrating that FARs modulate animal immunity, causing an increase in susceptibility to bacterial co-infection. Moreover, we show that FARs dampen key components of the fly immune response i

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Grewal, P. S., S. Selvan, E. E. Lewis, and R. Gaugler. "Male insect-parasitic nematodes: a colonizing sex." Experientia 49, no. 6-7 (July 1993): 605–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf01955173.

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Matuska-Łyżwa, Joanna, Paulina Żarnowiec, and Wiesław Kaca. "Comparison of Biological Activity of Field Isolates of Steinernema feltiae with a Commercial S. feltiae Biopesticide Product." Insects 12, no. 9 (September 12, 2021): 816. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/insects12090816.

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Insect trap studies were carried out to determine the presence of entomopathogenic nematodes (EPN) from the family Steinernematidae in the soils of Poland and to compare the biological activities of field nematode isolates with nematodes from commercial biopesticide. The fauna of these organisms in central Poland is poorly studied in both taxonomic and biological terms. Tilled soils representative of this region were sampled from cultivated fields. EPN were isolated from soil samples under laboratory conditions and identified using a key for species identification and molecular analysis. Basic

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Marroquin, Lisa D., Dino Elyassnia, Joel S. Griffitts, Jerald S. Feitelson, and Raffi V. Aroian. "Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) Toxin Susceptibility and Isolation of Resistance Mutants in the Nematode Caenorhabditis elegans." Genetics 155, no. 4 (August 1, 2000): 1693–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/genetics/155.4.1693.

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Abstract The protein toxins produced by Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) are the most widely used natural insecticides in agriculture. Despite successful and extensive use of these toxins in transgenic crops, little is known about toxicity and resistance pathways in target insects since these organisms are not ideal for molecular genetic studies. To address this limitation and to investigate the potential use of these toxins to control parasitic nematodes, we are studying Bt toxin action and resistance in Caenorhabditis elegans. We demonstrate for the first time that a single Bt toxin can target a

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Thanwisai, Aunchalee, Paramaporn Muangpat, Wipanee Meesil, Pichamon Janthu, Abdulhakam Dumidae, Chanakan Subkrasae, Jiranun Ardpairin, Sarunporn Tandhavanant, Timothy P. Yoshino, and Apichat Vitta. "Entomopathogenic Nematodes and Their Symbiotic Bacteria from the National Parks of Thailand and Larvicidal Property of Symbiotic Bacteria against Aedes aegypti and Culex quinquefasciatus." Biology 11, no. 11 (November 13, 2022): 1658. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biology11111658.

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Entomopathogenic nematodes (EPNs) are insect parasitic nematodes of the genera Het-erorhabditis and Steinernema. These nematodes are symbiotically associated with the bacteria, Photorhabdus and Xenorhabdus, respectively. National parks in Thailand are a potentially rich resource for recovering native EPNs and their symbiotic bacteria. The objectives of this study are to isolate and identify EPNs and their bacterial flora from soil samples in four national parks in Thailand and to evaluate their efficacy for controlling mosquito larvae. Using a baiting method with a Galleria mellonella moth lar

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Chung, Matthew, Preston J. Basting, Rayanna S. Patkus, Alexandra Grote, Ashley N. Luck, Elodie Ghedin, Barton E. Slatko, et al. "A Meta-Analysis of Wolbachia Transcriptomics Reveals a Stage-Specific Wolbachia Transcriptional Response Shared Across Different Hosts." G3 Genes|Genomes|Genetics 10, no. 9 (September 1, 2020): 3243–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1534/g3.120.401534.

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Abstract Wolbachia is a genus containing obligate, intracellular endosymbionts with arthropod and nematode hosts. Numerous studies have identified differentially expressed transcripts in Wolbachia endosymbionts that potentially inform the biological interplay between these endosymbionts and their hosts, albeit with discordant results. Here, we re-analyze previously published Wolbachia RNA-Seq transcriptomics data sets using a single workflow consisting of the most up-to-date algorithms and techniques, with the aim of identifying trends or patterns in the pan-Wolbachia transcriptional response.

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Rae, Robbie. "Phasmarhabditis hermaphrodita – a new model to study the genetic evolution of parasitism." Nematology 19, no. 4 (2017): 375–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15685411-00003053.

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The evolutionary genetic mechanisms that are responsible for the transition of free-living nematodes to parasites are unknown and current nematode models used to study this have limitations. The gastropod parasitePhasmarhabditis hermaphroditacould be used as a new model to dissect the molecular mechanisms involved in the evolution of parasitism.Phasmarhabditis hermaphroditais a facultative parasite of slugs and snails that, likeCaenorhabditis elegansandPristionchus pacificus, can also be maintained easily under laboratory conditions.Phasmarhabditis hermaphroditaandPhasmarhabditisspecies are ea

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Lulamba, Tshikala Eddie, Ezekiel Green, and Mahloro Hope Serepa-Dlamini. "Photorhabdus sp. ETL Antimicrobial Properties and Characterization of Its Secondary Metabolites by Gas Chromatography–Mass Spectrometry." Life 11, no. 8 (August 4, 2021): 787. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/life11080787.

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Entomopathogenic nematodes (EPNs) are known to be highly pathogenic to insect pests, due to their associated symbiotic bacteria, which produce virulence factors, exo-enzymes and other harmful secondary metabolites to conquer, kill, and degrade their insect hosts. However, these properties are not fully characterized. This study reports on the antimicrobial activities of Photorhabdus sp. strain ETL, symbiotically associated to an insect pathogenic nematode, Heterorhabditis zealandica, against human pathogenic bacteria and toxigenic fungi, as well as the non-targeted profiling of its secondary m

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Tomar, Preety, Neelam Thakur, and Ajar Nath Yadav. "Indigenous entomopathogenic nematode as biocontrol agents for insect pest management in hilly regions." Plant Science Today 8, sp1 (July 5, 2022): 51–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.14719/pst.1501.

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The present investigation mainly emphasized on the development and use of entomopathogenic nematodes (EPNs) as a bio-insecticide. The success in controlling insect pests in the soil environments increased the production and use of the adapted indigenous EPNs species for insect management in the fields. EPNs as biocontrol agents were capable for high virulence, easy for application, safe for non-target animals and eco-friendly in nature. These nematodes have ubiquitous nature. These occur in low population in their natural habitat which was mass multiplied in the laboratory. In the present inve

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Koshel, E. I., V. V. Aleshin, G. A. Eroshenko, and V. V. Kutyrev. "Phylogenetic Analysis of Entomoparasitic Nematodes, Potential Control Agents of Flea Populations in Natural Foci of Plague." BioMed Research International 2014 (2014): 1–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/135218.

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Entomoparasitic nematodes are natural control agents for many insect pests, including fleas that transmitYersinia pestis, a causative agent of plague, in the natural foci of this extremely dangerous zoonosis. We examined the flea samples from the Volga-Ural natural focus of plague for their infestation with nematodes. Among the six flea species feeding on different rodent hosts (Citellus pygmaeus,Microtus socialis, andAllactaga major), the rate of infestation varied from 0 to 21%. The propagation rate of parasitic nematodes in the haemocoel of infected fleas was very high; in some cases, we ob

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Poinar, G. O., and G. M. Thomas. "Infection of frog tadpoles (Amphibia) by insect parasitic nematodes (Rhabditida)." Experientia 44, no. 6 (June 1988): 528–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf01958939.

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Hong, Ray L., and Ralf J. Sommer. "Chemoattraction in Pristionchus Nematodes and Implications for Insect Recognition." Current Biology 16, no. 23 (December 2006): 2359–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cub.2006.10.031.

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Arefin, Badrul, Martin Kunc, Robert Krautz, and Ulrich Theopold. "The Immune Phenotype of Three Drosophila Leukemia Models." G3 Genes|Genomes|Genetics 7, no. 7 (July 1, 2017): 2139–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1534/g3.117.039487.

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Abstract Many leukemia patients suffer from dysregulation of their immune system, making them more susceptible to infections and leading to general weakening (cachexia). Both adaptive and innate immunity are affected. The fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster has an innate immune system, including cells of the myeloid lineage (hemocytes). To study Drosophila immunity and physiology during leukemia, we established three models by driving expression of a dominant-active version of the Ras oncogene (RasV12) alone or combined with knockdowns of tumor suppressors in Drosophila hemocytes. Our results sh

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Kitajima, Chihiro, Toshihiro Ichijo, and Madoka Ichikawa-Seki. "The first genetic characterization of Setaria marshalli (Nematoda, Spirurida) with reliable DNA barcoding based on a mitochondrial genetic marker." Parasite 29 (2022): 54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/parasite/2022054.

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Setaria marshalli is a mosquito-borne filarial nematode that causes infection in calves younger than two years old. In the present study, nematodes were obtained from a calf in Japan and morphologically identified as S. marshalli. Additionally, the partial cytochrome oxidase subunit I (COI) region (596 bp) was analyzed for the first time to establish a reliable DNA barcode. Nucleotide sequences of COI were identical among the seven worms obtained. The COI region can be a useful marker for species discrimination in the case of S. marshalli since nucleotide variations observed between the closes

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Bhat, Aashaq Hussain, Swati Gautum, Aasha Rana, Ashok Kumar Chaubey, Joaquín Abolafia, and Vladimír Půža. "Morphological, Morphometrical and Molecular Characterization of Oscheius siddiqii Tabassum and Shahina, 2010 (Rhabditida, Rhabditidae) from India with Its Taxonomic Consequences for the Subgenus Oscheius Andrássy, 1976." Biology 10, no. 12 (November 27, 2021): 1239. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biology10121239.

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An insect parasitic nematode belonging to the genus Oscheius was recovered from the agricultural soils from the Hapur district in western Uttar Pradesh, India. Morphological studies on this species exhibited its high resemblance with two Pakistani species: Oscheius siddiqii and O. niazii. No molecular data are available for these taxa but, morphologically, both species do not differ significantly from our strains and each other. Hence, these nematodes can be considered conspecific, and the correct name for this taxon is O. siddiqii, the first described species. The phylogenetic analyses of the

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Grewal, Parwinder S., Susan Bornstein-Forst, Ann M. Burnell, Itamar Glazer, and Ganpati B. Jagdale. "Physiological, genetic, and molecular mechanisms of chemoreception, thermobiosis, and anhydrobiosis in entomopathogenic nematodes." Biological Control 38, no. 1 (July 2006): 54–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biocontrol.2005.09.004.

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Kucerova, Lucie, Vaclav Broz, Badrul Arefin, Houda Ouns Maaroufi, Jana Hurychova, Hynek Strnad, Michal Zurovec, and Ulrich Theopold. "The Drosophila Chitinase-Like Protein IDGF3 Is Involved in Protection against Nematodes and in Wound Healing." Journal of Innate Immunity 8, no. 2 (December 23, 2015): 199–210. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000442351.

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Chitinase-like proteins (CLPs) of the 18 glycosyl hydrolase family retain structural similarity to chitinases but lack enzymatic activity. Although CLPs are upregulated in several human disorders that affect regenerative and inflammatory processes, very little is known about their normal physiological function. We show that an insect CLP (Drosophila imaginal disc growth factor 3, IDGF3) plays an immune-protective role during entomopathogenic nematode (EPN) infections. During these infections, nematodes force their entry into the host via border tissues, thus creating wounds. Whole-genome trans

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Dunlop, Jason A., and Russell J. Garwood. "Terrestrial invertebrates in the Rhynie chert ecosystem." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 373, no. 1739 (December 18, 2017): 20160493. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2016.0493.

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The Early Devonian Rhynie and Windyfield cherts remain a key locality for understanding early life and ecology on land. They host the oldest unequivocal nematode worm (Nematoda), which may also offer the earliest evidence for herbivory via plant parasitism. The trigonotarbids (Arachnida: Trigonotarbida) preserve the oldest book lungs and were probably predators that practiced liquid feeding. The oldest mites (Arachnida: Acariformes) are represented by taxa which include mycophages and predators on nematodes today. The earliest harvestman (Arachnida: Opiliones) includes the first preserved trac

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Razia, M., R. Karthik Raja, K. Padmanaban, P. Chellapandi, and S. Sivaramakrishnan. "16S rDNA-Based Phylogeny of Non-Symbiotic Bacteria of Entomopathogenic Nematodes from Infected Insect Cadavers." Genomics, Proteomics & Bioinformatics 9, no. 3 (June 2011): 104–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1672-0229(11)60013-2.

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Careddu, Giulio, Marcovalerio Botti, Massimo Cristofaro, Simona Sporta Caputi, Edoardo Calizza, Loreto Rossi, and Maria Letizia Costantini. "The Feeding Behaviour of Gall Midge Larvae and Its Implications for Biocontrol of the Giant Reed: Insights from Stable Isotope Analysis." Biology 11, no. 12 (December 12, 2022): 1805. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biology11121805.

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The gall midge Lasioptera donacis, whose larval stage interferes with the reed’s leaf development, is a potential candidate agent for the biological control of Arundo donax. Reed infestation is always associated with the presence of a saprophytic fungus, Arthrinium arundinis, which is believed to provide food for the larvae. Larvae also interact with a parasitic nematode, Tripius gyraloura, which can be considered its natural enemy. To deepen our knowledge of the plant–fungus–insect trophic interactions and to understand the effects of the nematode on midge larval feeding behaviour, we applied

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Kanzaki, Natsumi, Robin M. Giblin-Davis, Rudolf H. Scheffrahn, Hisatomo Taki, Alejandro Esquivel, Kerrie A. Davies, and E. Allen Herre. "Reverse Taxonomy for Elucidating Diversity of Insect-Associated Nematodes: A Case Study with Termites." PLoS ONE 7, no. 8 (August 28, 2012): e43865. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0043865.

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Elbrense, Hanaa, Amr M. A. Elmasry, Mahmoud F. Seleiman, Mohammad S. AL-Harbi, and Ahmed M. Abd El-Raheem. "Can Symbiotic Bacteria (Xenorhabdus and Photorhabdus) Be More Efficient than Their Entomopathogenic Nematodes against Pieris rapae and Pentodon algerinus Larvae?" Biology 10, no. 10 (October 4, 2021): 999. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biology10100999.

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Pieris rapae and Pentodon algerinus are considered a global threat to agricultural crops and food security; hence, their control is a critical issue. Heterorhabditid and Steinernematid nematodes, along with their symbiotic bacteria, can achieve the optimal biocontrol agent criterion. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of Heterorhabditis bacteriophora, Steinernema riobravis, and their symbiotic bacteria (Xenorhabdus and Photorhabdus) against P. rapae and P. algerinus larvae. The virulence of entomopathogenic nematodes (EPNs) was determined at different infective juvenile conce

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Vancaester, Emmelien, and Mark Blaxter. "Phylogenomic analysis of Wolbachia genomes from the Darwin Tree of Life biodiversity genomics project." PLOS Biology 21, no. 1 (January 23, 2023): e3001972. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.3001972.

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The Darwin Tree of Life (DToL) project aims to sequence all described terrestrial and aquatic eukaryotic species found in Britain and Ireland. Reference genome sequences are generated from single individuals for each target species. In addition to the target genome, sequenced samples often contain genetic material from microbiomes, endosymbionts, parasites, and other cobionts. Wolbachia endosymbiotic bacteria are found in a diversity of terrestrial arthropods and nematodes, with supergroups A and B the most common in insects. We identified and assembled 110 complete Wolbachia genomes from 93 h

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Frey, Jürg E., Beatrice Frey, Daniel Frei, Simon Blaser, Morgan Gueuning, and Andreas Bühlmann. "Next generation biosecurity: Towards genome based identification to prevent spread of agronomic pests and pathogens using nanopore sequencing." PLOS ONE 17, no. 7 (July 25, 2022): e0270897. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0270897.

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The unintentional movement of agronomic pests and pathogens is steadily increasing due to the intensification of global trade. Being able to identify accurately and rapidly early stages of an invasion is critical for developing successful eradication or management strategies. For most invasive organisms, molecular diagnostics is today the method of choice for species identification. However, the currently implemented tools are often developed for certain taxa and need to be adapted for new species, making them ill-suited to cope with the current constant increase in new invasive species. To al

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Alotaibi, Saqer S., Hadeer Darwish, Madiha Zaynab, Sarah Alharthi, Akram Alghamdi, Amal Al-Barty, Mohd Asif, Rania H. Wahdan, Alaa Baazeem, and Ahmed Noureldeen. "Isolation, Identification, and Biocontrol Potential of Entomopathogenic Nematodes and Associated Bacteria against Virachola livia (Lepidoptera: Lycaenidae) and Ectomyelois ceratoniae (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae)." Biology 11, no. 2 (February 11, 2022): 295. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biology11020295.

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Virachola livia (Lepidoptera: Lycaenidae) and Ectomyelois ceratoniae (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) are the key pests of pomegranates in Saudi Arabia that are managed mainly using broad-spectrum pesticides. Interactions between the entomopathogenic nematodes (EPNs) Steinernematids, and Heterorhabditids, and their entomopathogenic bacterial symbionts (EPBs) have long been considered monoxenic 2-partner associations responsible for killing insects and, therefore, are widely used in insect pest biocontrol. However, there are limited reports identifying such organisms in Taif, Saudi Arabia. The current

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Ávila-López, Mariana B., José Q. García-Maldonado, Héctor Estrada-Medina, David I. Hernández-Mena, Daniel Cerqueda-García, and Víctor M. Vidal-Martínez. "First record of entomopathogenic nematodes from Yucatán State, México and their infectivity capacity against Aedes aegypti." PeerJ 9 (July 2, 2021): e11633. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.11633.

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Background Biological control using entomopathogenic nematodes (EPN) has demonstrated good potential to contribute to the integral control of mosquito larvae, which as adults are vectors of diseases such as Dengue fever, Zika and Chikungunya. However, until now there are no records of the presence of EPN or their killing capacity in Yucatán state, southern México. The objectives of the current study were: (1) to report the entomopathogenic nematodes present in Yucatán soils and (2) to determine the killing capacity of the most frequent and abundant EPN against Aedes aegypti mosquito larvae and

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Drouin, Guy. "Chromatin diminution in the copepod Mesocyclops edax: diminution of tandemly repeated DNA families from somatic cells." Genome 49, no. 6 (June 1, 2006): 657–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/g06-022.

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Chromatin diminution, i.e., the loss of selected chromosomal regions during the differentiation of early embryonic cells into somatic cells, has been described in taxa as varied as ciliates, copepods, insects, nematodes, and hagfish. The nature of the eliminated DNA has been extensively studied in ciliate, nematode, and hagfish species. However, the small size of copepods, which makes it difficult to obtain enough DNA from early embryonic cells for cloning and sequencing, has limited such studies. Here, to identify the sequences eliminated from the somatic cells of a copepod species that under

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Sanda, Nafiu Bala, Bofeng Hou, and Youming Hou. "The Entomopathogenic Nematodes H. bacteriophora and S. carpocapsae Inhibit the Activation of proPO System of the Nipa Palm Hispid Octodonta nipae (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae)." Life 12, no. 7 (July 9, 2022): 1019. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/life12071019.

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Entomopathogenic nematodes are biocontrol agents of invasive insect pests in soil and cryptic habitats. Nipa palm hispid, Octodonta nipae, is a pest of palm trees in Sothern China. To address its increasing damage, environmentally friendly control methods are required. This study aimed to test efficacy of Heterorhabditis bacteriophora and Steinernema carpocapsae on O. nipae and investigated the influence of secondary metabolites, nematodes, and their isolated cuticles on the activation of O. nipae’s prophenoloxidase system using qPCR analysis. Our data revealed that O. nipae were less suscepti

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Zhang, Hua-Bao, Zheng Cao, Jun-Xue Qiao, Zi-Qian Zhong, Chen-Chen Pan, Chen Liu, Li-Min Zhang, and Yu-Feng Wang. "Metabolomics provide new insights into mechanisms of Wolbachia-induced paternal defects in Drosophila melanogaster." PLOS Pathogens 17, no. 8 (August 12, 2021): e1009859. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1009859.

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Wolbachia is a group of intracellular symbiotic bacteria that widely infect arthropods and nematodes. Wolbachia infection can regulate host reproduction with the most common phenotype in insects being cytoplasmic incompatibility (CI), which results in embryonic lethality when uninfected eggs fertilized with sperms from infected males. This suggests that CI-induced defects are mainly in paternal side. However, whether Wolbachia-induced metabolic changes play a role in the mechanism of paternal-linked defects in embryonic development is not known. In the current study, we first use untargeted me

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Bleakley, Bruce H., and Xiang Chen. "Survival of insect pathogenic and human clinical isolates ofPhotorhabdus luminescensin previously sterile soil." Canadian Journal of Microbiology 45, no. 3 (March 1, 1999): 273–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/w98-231.

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Most characterized strains of the bacterium Photorhabdus luminescens are symbionts of entomopathogenic nematodes, whereas other strains have been isolated from human clinical specimens. The ability of P. luminescens strains to survive and grow in soil has received limited attention, with some studies indicating these bacteria have little or no ability to persist in soil. Survival and (or) growth of P. luminescens strains in previously sterilized soil, and examination of different soil amendments on their numbers in soil, have not been previously reported. Entomopathogenic P. luminescens (ATCC

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Quiroz-Castañeda, Rosa Estela, Ared Mendoza-Mejía, Verónica Obregón-Barboza, Fernando Martínez-Ocampo, Armando Hernández-Mendoza, Felipe Martínez-Garduño, Gabriel Guillén-Solís, et al. "Identification of a NewAlcaligenes faecalisStrain MOR02 and Assessment of Its Toxicity and Pathogenicity to Insects." BioMed Research International 2015 (2015): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/570243.

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We report the isolation of a bacterium fromGalleria mellonellalarva and its identification using genome sequencing and phylogenomic analysis. This bacterium was namedAlcaligenes faecalisstrain MOR02. Microscopic analyses revealed that the bacteria are located in the esophagus and intestine of the nematodesSteinernema feltiae, S. carpocapsae, andH. bacteriophora. UsingG. mellonellalarvae as a model, when the larvae were injected with 24,000 CFU in their hemocoel, more than 96% mortality was achieved after 24 h. Additionally, toxicity assays determined that 1 μg of supernatant extract fromA. fae

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Mylonakis, Eleftherios, Lars Podsiadlowski, Maged Muhammed, and Andreas Vilcinskas. "Diversity, evolution and medical applications of insect antimicrobial peptides." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 371, no. 1695 (May 26, 2016): 20150290. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2015.0290.

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Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are short proteins with antimicrobial activity. A large portion of known AMPs originate from insects, and the number and diversity of these molecules in different species varies considerably. Insect AMPs represent a potential source of alternative antibiotics to address the limitation of current antibiotics, which has been caused by the emergence and spread of multidrug-resistant pathogens. To get more insight into AMPs, we investigated the diversity and evolution of insect AMPs by mapping their phylogenetic distribution, allowing us to predict the evolutionary or

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Zhou, Jiao, Li-Lin Zhao, Hai-Ying Yu, Yan-Hong Wang, Wei Zhang, Song-Nian Hu, Zhen Zou, and Jiang-Hua Sun. "Immune tolerance of vector beetle to its partner plant parasitic nematode modulated by its insect parasitic nematode." FASEB Journal 32, no. 9 (April 2, 2018): 4862–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1096/fj.201800247r.

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Burjanadze, Medea, Natalia Kharabadze, and Nona Сhkhidze. "Testing local isolates of entomopathogenic microorganisms against Brown Marmorated Stink Bug Halyomorpha halys in Georgia." BIO Web of Conferences 18 (2020): 00006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/bioconf/20201800006.

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The brown marmorated stink bug, Halyomorpha halys (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) (BMSB) is an exotic invasive insect which has spread extensively and established in new area of Black sea regions of Georgia. During 2017-2019, infected adults with fungal disease symptoms were found in population of H. halys from different regions of Western Georgia. Three isolates of entomopathogenic fungus Beauveria bassiana sensu lato and one of Isaria cf fumosorosea were recovered. Mycoinsecticide Bover-Ge, based on a local strain of B. bassiana-024 (isolated from soil high mountain of Caucasus Range, provide mole

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Siozios, Stefanos, Jack Pilgrim, Alistair C. Darby, Matthew Baylis, and Gregory D. D. Hurst. "The draft genome of strain cCpun from biting midges confirms insect Cardinium are not a monophyletic group and reveals a novel gene family expansion in a symbiont." PeerJ 7 (February 21, 2019): e6448. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.6448.

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Background It is estimated that 13% of arthropod species carry the heritable symbiont Cardinium hertigii. 16S rRNA and gyrB sequence divides this species into at least four groups (A–D), with the A group infecting a range of arthropods, the B group infecting nematode worms, the C group infecting Culicoides biting midges, and the D group associated with the marine copepod Nitocra spinipes. To date, genome sequence has only been available for strains from groups A and B, impeding general understanding of the evolutionary history of the radiation. We present a draft genome sequence for a C group

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Wu, Yixia, Jacob D. Wickham, Lilin Zhao, and Jianghua Sun. "CO2 drives the pine wood nematode off its insect vector." Current Biology 29, no. 13 (July 2019): R619—R620. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cub.2019.05.033.

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Arunkumar, K. P., and Javaregowda Nagaraju. "Unusually Long Palindromes Are Abundant in Mitochondrial Control Regions of Insects and Nematodes." PLoS ONE 1, no. 1 (December 20, 2006): e110. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0000110.

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Xue, Wen-Hua, Nan Xu, Sun-Jie Chen, Xin-Yang Liu, Jin-Li Zhang, and Hai-Jun Xu. "Neofunctionalization of a second insulin receptor gene in the wing-dimorphic planthopper, Nilaparvata lugens." PLOS Genetics 17, no. 6 (June 28, 2021): e1009653. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgen.1009653.

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A single insulin receptor (InR) gene has been identified and extensively studied in model species ranging from nematodes to mice. However, most insects possess additional copies of InR, yet the functional significance, if any, of alternate InRs is unknown. Here, we used the wing-dimorphic brown planthopper (BPH) as a model system to query the role of a second InR copy in insects. NlInR2 resembled the BPH InR homologue (NlInR1) in terms of nymph development and reproduction, but revealed distinct regulatory roles in fuel metabolism, lifespan, and starvation tolerance. Unlike a lethal phenotype

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Chapman, Christine, and Louis S. Tisa. "Identification and characterization of Photorhabdus temperata mutants altered in hemolysis and virulence." Canadian Journal of Microbiology 62, no. 8 (August 2016): 657–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjm-2016-0102.

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Photorhabdus temperata is a symbiont of the entomopathogenic nematode Heterorhabditis bacteriophora and an insect pathogen. This bacterium produces a wide variety of virulence factors and hemolytic activity. The goal of this study was to identify hemolysin-defective mutants and test their virulence. A genetic approach was used to identify mutants with altered hemolytic activity by screening a library of 10 000 P. temperata transposon mutants. Three classes of mutants were identified: (i) defective (no hemolytic activity), (ii) delayed (delayed initiation of hemolytic activity), and (iii) early

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Grenier, Eric, Monique Abadon, Frédéric Brunet, Pierre Capy, and Pierre Abad. "A Mariner-Like Transposable Element in the Insect Parasite Nematode Heterorhabditis bacteriophora." Journal of Molecular Evolution 48, no. 3 (March 1999): 328–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/pl00006476.

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Burnell, Ann, and S. Patricia Stock. "Heterorhabditis, Steinernema and their bacterial symbionts — lethal pathogens of insects." Nematology 2, no. 1 (2000): 31–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/156854100508872.

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AbstractThe entomopathogenic nematodes (EPN) Heterorhabditis and Steinernema together with their symbiont bacteria Photorhabdus and Xenorhabdus, respectively, are obligate and lethal parasites of insects. EPN can provide effective biological control of some important lepidopteran, dipteran and coleopteran pests of commercial crops and they are amenable to large-scale culture in liquid fermentors. They are unique among rhabditids in having a symbiotic relationship with an enteric bacterium species. The bacterial symbiont is required to kill the insect host and to digest the host tissues, thereb

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Toubarro, Duarte, Mónica Martinez Avila, Rafael Montiel, and Nelson Simões. "A Pathogenic Nematode Targets Recognition Proteins to Avoid Insect Defenses." PLoS ONE 8, no. 9 (September 30, 2013): e75691. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0075691.

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Chen, Jeng-Shong, Thomas W. Sappington, and Alexander S. Raikhel. "Extensive Sequence Conservation Among Insect, Nematode, and Vertebrate Vitellogenins Reveals Ancient Common Ancestry." Journal of Molecular Evolution 44, no. 4 (April 1997): 440–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/pl00006164.

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Li, Xiaogang, and Biao Liu. "A 2-Year Field Study Shows Little Evidence That the Long-Term Planting of Transgenic Insect-Resistant Cotton Affects the Community Structure of Soil Nematodes." PLoS ONE 8, no. 4 (April 16, 2013): e61670. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0061670.

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Han, Richou. "ADVANCES IN THE RESEARCH OF ENTOMOPATHOGENIC NEMATODES STEINERNEMA AND HETERORHABDITIS IN CHINA." Insect Science 1, no. 4 (December 1994): 346–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1744-7917.1994.tb00265.x.

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Li, Diyan, Yuan Su, Jianbo Tu, Ranlei Wei, Xiaolan Fan, Huadong Yin, Yaodong Hu, et al. "Evolutionary conservation of the circadian gene timeout in Metazoa." Animal Biology 66, no. 1 (2016): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15707563-00002482.

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Timeless (Tim) is considered to function as an essential circadian clock gene in Drosophila. Putative homologues of the Drosophila timeless gene have been identified in both mice and humans. While Drosophila contains two paralogs, timeless and timeout, acting in clock/light entrainment and chromosome integrity/photoreception, respectively, mammals contain only one Tim homolog. In this paper, we study the phylogeny of the timeless/timeout family in 48 species [including 1 protozoan (Guillardia theta), 1 nematode (Caenorhabditis elegans), 8 arthropods and 38 chordates], for which whole genome da

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