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Littérature scientifique sur le sujet « Intermediate goods – Econometric models »

Auteur : Grafiati

Publié le 10 mars 2023

Mis à jour le 31 juillet 2025

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Articles de revues sur le sujet "Intermediate goods – Econometric models"

Cherniavsky, A. V., and A. A. Chepel. "The input—output analysis of the impact of trade sanctions on the Russian economy." Voprosy Ekonomiki, no. 3 (March 2, 2025): 29–47. https://doi.org/10.32609/0042-8736-2025-3-29-47.

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The Russian economy operates under the constraints of sanctions and countersanctions introduced since February 2022. Their impact has been significantly weaker than initially anticipated. This article examines the influence of trade sanctions on Russia’s economy using input—output tables, which allow for the inclusion of intersectoral linkages in the analysis, combined with econometric tools. Export and import sanctions are considered separately. The effect of export sanctions is analyzed basing on the potential reduction in government demand, which leads to a decline in both oil-and-gas and n

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Eyquem, Aurélien, and Güneş Kamber. "A NOTE ON THE BUSINESS CYCLE IMPLICATIONS OF TRADE IN INTERMEDIATE GOODS." Macroeconomic Dynamics 18, no. 5 (2013): 1172–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1365100512000892.

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Trade in intermediate goods is an important feature of trade in developed small open economies. We show that a model that assumes trade in intermediate goods brings the dynamics of an otherwise standard small open economy closer to what is observed in the data. With trade in intermediate goods, movements of international relative prices affect the economy through an additional channel, denoted the “cost channel.” A model embedding this channel comes closer to business cycle data in several dimensions compared to models with trade in final goods only. It increases the share of output variance e

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CHENG, WENLI, and DINGSHENG ZHANG. "DOES TRADE IN INTERMEDIATE GOODS INCREASE OR DECREASE WAGE INEQUALITY?" Singapore Economic Review 52, no. 02 (2007): 201–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217590807002658.

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This paper develops two models to study the impact of trade in intermediate goods on wage inequality between skilled and unskilled labor in a developed country and a developing country. The first model assumes symmetric production technologies in the intermediate good. It predicts that trade in the intermediate good will increase wage inequality in the developed country, but decrease wage inequality in the developing country. The second model assumes asymmetric technologies in the intermediate good. It predicts that trade in the intermediate good can lead to an increase in wage inequality in b

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Sergeev, L. I., and D. L. Sergeev. "MACROECONOMICS OF THE VALUE OF THE PRODUCT OF THE COUNTRY’S FISHING INDUSTRY." Problems of Fisheries 25, no. 2 (2024): 129–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.36038/0234-2774-2024-25-2-129-138.

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The indicators of production and use of the cost of resources of goods and services in the prices of buyers of the Fishing and fish farming industry for 2012–2020 are analyzed. The dynamics of intermediate consumption, wages, profits, value added and the cost of output of the industry are considered. Econometric models of the dynamics of the value of the product of fishing and fish farming, the dynamics of the profit margin and the organic structure of the cost of production of RHC, the ratios of individual indicators of the value of the RHC product, the ratio of labor productivity indicators

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Şaşmaz, Abdullah Bahadır. "Assessment of the Determinants of Revealed Comparative Advantages in Türkiye's Manufacturing Sector in the Context of Selected European Countries." Selçuk Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, no. 56 (April 30, 2025): 50–77. https://doi.org/10.52642/susbed.1471194.

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This study examines Türkiye's trade competitiveness in manufacturing sector (SITC5-8) with 21 European economies from 1996 to 2021. The Balassa index results reveal that Türkiye's strongest competitiveness is in miscellaneous manufactured articles (SITC8) and manufactured goods (SITC6). Econometric models are employed to explore the factors influencing competitiveness across sectors. According to analysis, increase in GDP of trading partners generally weakens Türkiye's position in SITC5, 7 & 8 sectors. It is seen that economies of scale arising from free trade between trading countries do

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Moon, Soojae. "The “Backus-Smith” puzzle, non-tradable output, and international business cycles." Studies in Economics and Finance 33, no. 4 (2016): 532–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/sef-01-2015-0033.

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Purpose This paper aims to examine the effects of adding non-tradable sector and trade in intermediate goods sector and their impact on the “Backus-Smith” (BS) puzzle and the features of the non-tradable output. Conventional international real business cycle models show that the real exchange rate and the terms of trade are positively correlated to the relative consumption movement between the home and foreign economies when there is a total factor productivity shock, whereas the correlation in the data is negative. The author develops a two-country, dynamic, stochastic and general equilibrium

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Aguirre, Iñaki. "On the Economics of the “Meeting Competition Defense” Under the Robinson–Patman Act." B.E. Journal of Economic Analysis & Policy 16, no. 3 (2016): 1213–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/bejeap-2015-0146.

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Abstract This paper studies the welfare effects of third-degree price discrimination when competitive pressure varies across markets. In particular, we study the economic aspects of the Robinson–Patman Act associated with the “meeting competition defense.” Using equilibrium models, the main result we find is that this defense might be used successfully in cases of primary line injury precisely when it should not be used, namely when price discrimination reduces social welfare. This result obtains both when discrimination appears in the final good market and when it is used in the intermediate

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Choi, Myoung Shik, and Hun Dae Lee. "The Value-Added Effects of Exchange Rates on Global Trade." Academic Journal of Interdisciplinary Studies 10, no. 1 (2021): 184. http://dx.doi.org/10.36941/ajis-2021-0016.

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This study is an investigation of view about the gross, bilateral, and value-added trades adjusting to exchange rate and income within global value chains. Various difference between aggregate and value-added trade flows is introduced. We adopt the traditional trade models and test them using time-series analysis on value-added exports and imports. We find that currency depreciation has negative effects on gross exports in the US and Korea due to intermediate goods imports, but positive effects on value-added exports in Japan and Korea. On the other hand, currency appreciation has negative eff

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Fernández Núñez, Maria Teresa, María Maesso Corral, and Miguel Angel Márquez Paniagua. "THE ROLE OF IMPORTED INPUTS AND FDI ON ECONOMIC GROWTH: EVIDENCE FROM EMERGING AND ADVANCED ECONOMIES." Revista de Economía Mundial, no. 45 (January 13, 2017): 65–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.33776/rem.v0i45.3805.

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The role of imported inputs (capital and intermediate goods) and foreign direct investment [FDI] on economic growth as a mechanism of international technology transfer has been highlighted by different growth models. However, empirical evidence regarding the concurrent impact of both imported inputs and FDI on economic growth is still scarce. The main aim of the paper is to give empirical evidence about the effects of these variables as channels of international technology diffusion. In the same framework, this study captures the different responses in economic growth when considering two diff

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Safiullin, M. R., and L. A. Elshin. "Sanctions Pressure on the Russian Economy: Ways to Overcome the Costs and Benefits of Confrontation within the Framework of Import Substitution." Finance: Theory and Practice 27, no. 1 (2023): 150–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.26794/2587-5671-2023-27-1-150-161.

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The sustainable development of the national economy, taking into account the creation of mechanisms for ensuring economic security, technological sovereignty and preventing threats to the localization of import supplies of final and intermediate consumption goods, is one of the priority directions of economic policy in the conditions of systemic restrictions formed under the pressure of sanctions. In this regard, the study of the key externalities generated within the framework of the sanctions confrontation is an extremely popular task, both for science and practice. In this paper, the author

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Thèses sur le sujet "Intermediate goods – Econometric models"

Shu, Hui. "Disequilibrium Transition of the Consumer Goods Market in China, 1954-1991." PDXScholar, 1995. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/1161.

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This is an in-depth study of the structural change and transition of the Chinese consumer goods market from 1954 to 1991 using disequilibrium econometric methodology. The model for the Chinese consumer goods market is based on the Portes-Winter disequilibrium model for centrally planned economies (1980). The demand function is derived from the Houthakker-Taylor savings function. The supply function is composed of approximations to the government's long-term and short-term plans. The transaction quantity in the market is defined as the smaller of effective demand and supply. Using the tradition

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Pundit, Madhavi. "Essays on Business Cycle Models." Thesis, Boston College, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/2345/2170.

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Thesis advisor: Susanto Basu Thesis advisor: Fabio Ghironi Empirical studies highlight that countries that trade intermediate goods exhibit more synchronized business cycles. This positive correlation raises the question of causality. Traditional theoretical mechanisms propose the direction where higher bilateral trade in intermediate goods causes increased business cycle correlations. However, the data shows that trade is positively correlated with comovements in GDP as well as total factor productivity (TFP) and the current work in the literature explains only the first relation. I bui

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Chung, Wanyu. "Three essays in international economics : invoicing currency, exchange rate pass-through and gravity models with trade in intermediate goods." Thesis, University of Warwick, 2014. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/66297/.

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A large proportion of international trade is in intermediate goods. The implications of this empirical regularity, however, have not been exhaustively explored in several aspects. The main objective of the thesis is to fill in the gap by introducing trade in intermediate goods into several strands of literature in international economics. This thesis is a collection of three essays studying the implications of trade in intermediate goods for the degree of exchange rate pass-through (Chapter 2), firms invoicing currency choice (Chapter 3) and the performance of the gravity models (Chapter 4). I

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BONGARDT, Annette. "Coordination between customers and suppliers in intermediate goods markets and associated patterns of R and D collaboration : market power and efficency." Doctoral thesis, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/1814/4872.

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Defence date: 17 December 1990 Examining board: Prof. Alexis Jacquemin, Université Catholique de Louvain and Commission of the European Communities, Brussels ; Prof. Daniel Jones, Cardiff Business School ; Prof. Neil Kay, University of Strathclyde ; Prof. Stephen Martin, thesis supervisor, European University Institute, Flroence ; Prof. Joachim Schwalbach, Freie Univeristät Berlin PDF of thesis uploaded from the Library digitised archive of EUI PhD theses completed between 2013 and 2017

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PASI, Luciano. "An essay on some aspects of the economic theory of public goods." Doctoral thesis, 1993. http://hdl.handle.net/1814/5031.

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Defence date: 21 June 1993 Examining Board: Pierre Dehez, Université Catholique de Louvain, supervisor ; Peter Hammond, Stanford University, supervisor ; Alan Kirman, EUI ; Michel Le Breton, GREQE, Marseille ; Ignazio Musu, Università di Venezia First made available online on 15 July 2013. The first part of this thesis is a discussion about the core and public goods, as well as a review of the relevant literature, which is mainly aimed to show the progression of the field. Part 2 deals with the game theoretic approach to economic behaviour: it provides -beside other things a discussio

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Lin, Dan 1975. "Exploration of role of market in perishable goods." Thesis, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/2152/3533.

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Firms face a big challenge in matching the supply of perishable goods with uncertain demand in real time. In practice, the traditional supply chain models are proved not efficiently enough to lower firms' risk exposure. The purpose of the dissertation is to provide the theoretical framework of roles of several stylized markets in firms' risk management. In particular, we explore the influence of the spot business-to-business exchange market, forward contract market and credit-default swap market respectively. The dissertation is divided into the following three chapters. In chapter 1, we show

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"Effect of inequality on cooperation: heterogeneity and hegemony in public goods dilemma." 2010. http://library.cuhk.edu.hk/record=b5894472.

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Fung, Mang Yan. Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2010. Includes bibliographical references (p. 48-55). Abstracts in English and Chinese. Abstract --- p.4 Chinese Abstract --- p.5 Introduction --- p.6 Study 1 --- p.16 Method --- p.16 Results --- p.21 Discussion --- p.26 Study 2 --- p.26 Method --- p.28 Results --- p.33 Discussion --- p.41 General Discussion --- p.42 References --- p.48 Appendix A --- p.56 Appendix B --- p.58 Appendix C --- p.63 Appendix D --- p.65

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Cornes, Richard. "[Collection of publications]/Richard Cornes." Phd thesis, 1993. http://hdl.handle.net/1885/116975.

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"Essays on open-economy macroeconomics." 2014. http://library.cuhk.edu.hk/record=b6115860.

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本論文集收錄了三篇有關開放經濟宏觀經濟學的文章。 第一篇文章研究了中國從1978年到2010年實際經濟週期。本文首先詳細記錄了中國實際經濟週期三十多年來經驗特征, 我們發現中國的實際經濟週期表現出不同于其他新興市場國家和發達國家的獨特的實際經濟週期經驗特征。再則，我們通過建立實際經濟週期模型和貝葉斯估計方法來檢驗現有新興市場實際經濟週期理論能夠在多大程度上解釋中國實際經濟週期。在我們的估計結果中，我們發現一個包含持久性生產力衝擊的基準模型不能很好的解釋中國實際經濟週期。而在基準模型的基礎上添加了國際金融摩擦的擴展模型（我們稱之為金融摩擦模型）能夠較好的解釋中國實際經濟週期。國際金融摩擦替代了持久性生產力衝擊的作用并優化了模型擬合。 第二篇文章研究了發展中國家廣泛使用的財政性油價穩定政策的福利影響。一些評論認為作為發展中國家的主要貿易對象的發達國家，特別是美國，能夠從發展中國家的油價穩定政策中獲利。我們的文章研究了這個論題，我們建立了一個具有美元非對稱性定價特征的兩國家模型。我們發現發展中國家的最優油價補貼率以及它的全球福利影響關鍵性的取決於是否貨幣政策能夠有效的應對油價衝擊。當貨幣政策能夠完全有效並且能夠央行使用最優貨幣政策時，發展中國家則不需要財政性的油價穩定政策。然而當貨幣政策不能夠完全有效時，即使能夠使用最優貨幣政策，發展中國家還是需要油價補貼來穩定油價。而對美

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Livres sur le sujet "Intermediate goods – Econometric models"

Ishikawa, Jota. Rent-shifting export subsidies with an imported intermediate product. National Bureau of Economic Research, 1996.

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Ishikawa, Jota. Rent-shifting export subsidies with an imported intermediate product. National Bureau of Economic Research, 1996.

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Basu, Susanto. Intermediate goods and business cycles: Implications for productivity and welfare. National Bureau of Economic Research, 1994.

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Naho, Alexis M. Unanticipated money, intermediate imported goods, and outputs: The experience of Tanzania. University of Dar es Salaam, Economic Research Bureau, 1996.

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Fuller, Frank. The location of marginal production for value-added and intermediate goods: Optimal policies and trade volumes. Center for Agricultural and Rural Development, Iowa State University, 1997.

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Huang, Kevin X. D. Specific factors meet intermediate inputs: Implications for strategic complementarities and persistence. Research Division, Federal Reserve Bank of Kansas City, 2004.

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Huang, Kevin X. D. Specific factors meet intermediate inputs: Implications for strategic complementarities and persistence. Federal Reserve Bank of Philadelphia, 2004.

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Spencer, Barbara J. Trade and protection in vertically related markets. National Bureau of Economic Research, 1989.

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Mazumdar, Joy. Trade and the skill premium in developing countries: The role of intermediate goods and some evidence from Peru. Federal Reserve Bank of Atlanta, 2002.

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Viscusi, W. Kip. Hyperbolic discounting of public goods. National Bureau of Economic Research, 2006.

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Chapitres de livres sur le sujet "Intermediate goods – Econometric models"

Myles, Gareth D. "Welfare Loss with Intermediate Goods." In Models and Measurement of Welfare and Inequality. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-79037-9_43.

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Çakır, Mustafa. "The Impact of Exchange Rates on Stock Markets in Turkey: Evidence from Linear and Non-Linear ARDL Models." In Linear and Non-Linear Financial Econometrics -Theory and Practice. IntechOpen, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.96068.

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In this chapter we investigate the asymmetric impact of exchange rates on three major stock market indices in Turkey using four different ARDL models between 2003M1 and 2018M12. This chapter also attempts to differentiate the short-run and the long-run relationship between exchange rates and stock market indices namely BIST All shares, BIST National 100 index, and BIST National 30 index. Our motivating question is whether the relationship between exchange rates and three major stock market indices are symmetric or asymmetric in Turkey? To answer this, we first use the linear bivariate and mult

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Tanaka, Migiwa. "Deflation in Durable Goods Markets: An Empirical Model of the Tokyo Condominium Market." In Structural Econometric Models. Emerald Group Publishing Limited, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/s0731-9053(2013)0000032011.

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Gassouma, Mohamed. "Quantitative Modelling of Shariah Principles of Islamic Transactions." In Implications of ICT for Islamic Finance and Economics. IGI Global, 2025. https://doi.org/10.4018/979-8-3693-8079-6.ch009.

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This paper aims to assess the importance of adhering to Sharia principles in both conventional and Islamic fundings. We assumed that these principles apply equally to both Islamic and conventional fundings. We also assume that Sharia principles is not confined to a specific space or time but is universal to all financial establishment. Empirically, we attempted to model these principles using ratios, thresholds, and econometric models. The principles used in this study include: the value of labor, the principle of equality between goods and money “Ghonm to Ghorm”, the prohibition of fraud and

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Mutovkina, Nataliya. "The Role of the Mathematical Modelling in the Analysis of Market Price Conditions." In Advances in Transdisciplinary Engineering. IOS Press, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/atde240809.

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The article describes the results of a study of the influence of various factors on pricing in modern market conditions. Effective pricing policy plays a crucial role in ensuring the competitiveness and profitability of business entities. Maximizing income is one of the main goals of business entities. However, earning income depends on the effectiveness of the company’s pricing policy. If the price of a product is too high, consumers will purchase it from competing companies. Underestimating the price of a product in comparison with competing products can cause potential buyers to distrust th

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Işığıçok, Erkan, Ramazan Öz, and Savaş Tarkun. "Forecasting and Technical Comparison of Inflation in Turkey With Box-Jenkins (ARIMA) Models and the Artificial Neural Network." In Research Anthology on Artificial Neural Network Applications. IGI Global, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-6684-2408-7.ch057.

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Inflation refers to an ongoing and overall comprehensive increase in the overall level of goods and services price in the economy. Today, inflation, which is attempted to be kept under control by central banks or, in the same way, whose price stability is attempted, consists of continuous price changes that occur in all the goods and services used by the consumers. Undoubtedly, in terms of economy, in addition to the realized inflation, inflation expectations are also gaining importance. This situation requires forecasting the future rates of inflation. Therefore, reliable forecasting of the f

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Meda, Raviteja. "On-demand production models and distributed manufacturing using cloud-integrated platforms." In Intelligent Industry Ecosystems and Manufacturing Renaissance: Designing Autonomous Production, Supply Orchestration, and Connected Retail Infrastructure. Deep Science Publishing, 2025. https://doi.org/10.70593/978-93-49910-35-5_2.

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Various forms of production can be used to describe the development of consumer and capital goods by converting raw or intermediate materials into finished products. More traditionally, industrial production is performed in bulk and on the same continuous equipment or manual production line. As such, traditional manufacturing is known for the serialization of product offerings for basic needs across the masses. However, despite higher fixed costs associated with their production compared to other production models in volume, flow, and unit, discrete manufacturing activities are supplemented by

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Ustaoglu, Eda. "A Spatial Econometric Analysis of the Regional Variations of Residential Energy Consumption in Europe." In Advances in Business Strategy and Competitive Advantage. IGI Global, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/979-8-3693-1297-1.ch004.

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A residential energy consumption model was estimated by using socio-economic characteristics, economic activities, mobility, land cover, natural hazards, governance, energy, air quality, and green economy variables for the EU-27 and UK. Regional variations of the energy consumption were also investigated through focusing on European regional typologies including urban, intermediate, and rural regions. The residential energy consumption model was estimated by using spatial econometric approaches as well as specific regression models were estimated for the urban, intermediate, and rural regions.

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Actes de conférences sur le sujet "Intermediate goods – Econometric models"

Ersungur, Ş. Mustafa, Mehmet Barış Aslan, and Ömer Doru. "The Econometric Analysis in the Sectorial Basis of Income and Price Effects on the Foreign Trade Deficits: The Case of Turkey." In International Conference on Eurasian Economies. Eurasian Economists Association, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.36880/c08.01864.

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In Turkey which is one of the countries whose current account deficit has been chronic from the 1980s until today, the most important reason for the current account deficit is foreign trade deficit. The aim of our study in this context is to shed light on policies oriented foreign trade deficits by examining foreign trade of intermediate and capital goods which are one of the most important causes of foreign trade deficits in Turkey, in terms of income and exchange rate indicators. In the study in which the Marshall-Lerner condition and the foreign and domestic income elasticities were tested

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Hacıoğlu Deniz, Müjgan, and Kutluk Kağan Sümer. "The Effects of Oil Price Volatility on Foreign Trade Revenue and National Income: A Comparative Analysis on Selected Eurasian Economies." In International Conference on Eurasian Economies. Eurasian Economists Association, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.36880/c06.01362.

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The aim of this study is to identify the effects of the volatility of oil prices and exchange rates on foreign trade revenue of a few selected Eurasian Economies. These countries are oil and natural gas exporting countries and getting most of their trade revenue from exporting these commodities. The effects of sharply falling oil prices since June 2014 and depreciating exchange rates on these countries’ external trade were analyzed by using alternative econometric models. The sample of this analysis covered the period from June 2014 when oil prices has started falling sharply – till June 2015

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Koşan, Naime İrem, and Sudi Apak. "Trade Openness and Macroeconomic Policy in OECD Countries." In International Conference on Eurasian Economies. Eurasian Economists Association, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.36880/c06.01373.

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Trade openness has been subject to an important issue many studies in literature. It allows us to analyze potential trade as a percentage of gross domestic product. Total value of international trade in goods and services shows the countries’ integration into the world economy. Generally, small countries are more integrated because of their dependency on imports. On the other hand, there many variables which effects trade integration. Our study focuses on to analyze the effects on trade openness and make inferences for OECD countries. In this paper we aim to examine the relationship betw

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Ounsakul, T., T. Techanukul, C. Phasook, and P. Harke. "Spread Rate Forecasting in Well Cost Estimation – A Study of Methods and Applications." In SPE/IADC Asia Pacific Drilling Technology Conference and Exhibition. SPE, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/219600-ms.

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Abstract In the realm of well cost estimation, the accurate forecasting of spread rates is pivotal, given the substantial financial implications of erroneous assumptions. This paper, "Spread Rate Forecasting in Well Cost Estimation – A Study of Methods and Applications," delves into the uncertainty inherent. Through a thorough examination of predictive methodologies, the research harnesses both econometric and machine learning models, which are commonly utilized in forecasting crude oil prices. The study formulates models based on publicly available data, such as ‘West Texas Intermediate’ (WTI

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Rapports d'organisations sur le sujet "Intermediate goods – Econometric models"

Liu, Jing, Channing Arndt, and Thomas Hertel. Parameter Estimation and Measures of Fit in A Global, General Equilibrium Model. GTAP Working Paper, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.21642/gtap.wp24.

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Computable General Equilibrium (CGE) models have been widely used for quantitative analysis of global economic issues. However, CGE models are frequently criticized for resting on weak empirical foundations. This paper builds on recent work in macro-econometric estimation, developing an approach to parameter estimation for a widely employed global CGE model, the Global Trade Analysis Project (GTAP) model. An approximate likelihood function is developed and the set of optimum elasticity values is obtained by maximizing this approximate likelihood function in the context of a back casting exerci

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Aguiar, Angel, Erwin Corong, and Dominique van der Mensbrugghe. Detailed Trade Policy Simulations Using a Global General Equilibrium Model. GTAP Working Paper, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21642/gtap.wp89.

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For the majority of studies using global general equilibrium models, the sectoral detail provided by the GTAP Data Base would be sufficient. However, analyses aimed at supporting trade negotiations or detailed trade policy regulations often require modeling at the tariff linear Harmonized System (HS) level. We bridge this gap by providing an automated data and model workflow that allows GTAP-based analyses at the HS level. In this paper, we illustrate and explain the use of this workflow by first carrying out a data procedure where we redefine GTAP sectors related to the auto industry — though

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Hertel, Thomas, David Hummels, Maros Ivanic, and Roman Keeney. How Confident Can We Be in CGE-Based Assessments of Free Trade Agreements? GTAP Working Paper, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.21642/gtap.wp26.

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With the proliferation of Free Trade Agreements (FTAs) over the past decade, demand for quantitative analysis of their likely impacts has surged. The main quantitative tool for performing such analysis is Computable General Equilibrium (CGE) modeling. Yet these models have been widely criticized for performing poorly (Kehoe, 2002) and having weak econometric foundations (McKitrick, 1998; Jorgenson, 1984). FTA results have been shown to be particularly sensitive to the trade elasticities, with small trade elasticities generating large terms of trade effects and relatively modest efficiency gain

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Ocampo-Gaviria, José Antonio, Roberto Steiner Sampedro, Mauricio Villamizar Villegas, et al. Report of the Board of Directors to the Congress of Colombia - March 2023. Banco de la República de Colombia, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.32468/inf-jun-dir-con-rep-eng.03-2023.

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Banco de la República is celebrating its 100th anniversary in 2023. This is a very significant anniversary and one that provides an opportunity to highlight the contribution the Bank has made to the country’s development. Its track record as guarantor of monetary stability has established it as the one independent state institution that generates the greatest confidence among Colombians due to its transparency, management capabilities, and effective compliance with the central banking and cultural responsibilities entrusted to it by the Constitution and the Law. On a date as important as this,

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