Littérature scientifique sur le sujet « Intervention de tierces parties »
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Articles de revues sur le sujet "Intervention de tierces parties"
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Wang, Erik B. « The Iran-Iraq War Revisited : Some Reflections on the Role of International Law ». Canadian Yearbook of international Law/Annuaire canadien de droit international 32 (1995) : 83–109. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0069005800005749.
Texte intégralRésumé :
SommaireLe conflit Iran-Irak a été une guerre d'une extrême violence qui n'a respecté aucune des règles du droit international. L'auteur analyse en particulier trois aspects de ce conflit: l'usage illégal de la force, l'usage des armes chimiques ainsi que les attaques contre les'navires neutres. A la lumière de toutes ces violations du droit international, la communauté internationale, dont le Canada, n'a pas su réagir avec succès. Quelle leçon peut-on en retenir pour les autres conflits régionaux? L'intervention active de tierces parties à un conflit est donc plutôt l'exception que la règle. Afin de bénéficier d'une telle intervention de la communauté internationale, il faudrait une initiative américaine ou celle d'un autre membre permanent du Conseil de Sécurité des Nations Unies.
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Rioux, Jean-Sébastien, et Sandra Pabón Murcia. « L’implication des tierces parties durant les crises internationales en Amérique latine de 1947 à 1994 ». Études internationales 33, no 1 (12 avril 2005) : 5–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/704380ar.
Texte intégralRésumé :
De longue date, la soi-disant zone d'influence créée par les États-Unisd'Amérique en Occident est prise pour acquis ; on croit que l'hégémonie des États-Unis n'y rencontre aucune barrière. Conséquemment, des organisations internationales telles les Nations Unies (ONU) et des organisations régionales telle l'Organisation des États américains (OÉA) ne devraient posséder aucun véritable pouvoir dans la médiation de conflits dans cette sphère d'influence états-unienne. Cependant, dans cette étude, nous avons observé que, durant la seconde moitié du vingtième siècle, les crises internationales d'Amérique latine avaient pour caractéristique une plus grande incidence d'activités d'organisations globales qu'on aurait pu croire quoique les interventions onusiennes ne furent pas aussi efficaces à apaiser les conflits que les interventions de I'OÉA et des États-Unis. Comment pouvons-nous expliquer cette activité importante d'organisations globales à la lumière de cette supposée hégémonie des États-Unis sur le territoire et quels facteurs peuvent affecter l'efficacité de sa médiation en Amérique latine ? Quelles leçons pouvons-nous tirer de ces découvertes qui pourraient être appliquées à d'autres aires de conflit à moyen ou long terme ? Les résultats de cette étude pourraient servir de leçon pour d'autres organisations régionales et appuient l'idée d'une « division des tâches » entre l'ONU et les organisations de sécurité régionales pour la gestion des conflits.
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Grima, François, Olivier Brunel, Irène Georgescu et Ludovic Taphanel. « Antécédents et efficacité des stratégies de médiation de conflits : le cas des présidents de Commissions mixtes paritaires en France ». Articles 73, no 3 (7 novembre 2018) : 461–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1053837ar.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Résumé Le but de cet article est d’identifier les stratégies développées par le médiateur, ainsi que leurs antécédents. S’appuyant sur une enquête quantitative réalisée auprès de 51 présidents de Commission mixte paritaire (PCMP) ayant un rôle de médiateur au niveau des branches professionnelles, cette recherche établit deux résultats. Premièrement, elle distingue deux stratégies développées par le médiateur : la stratégie d’accompagnement et la stratégie interventionniste. La première permet au médiateur d’amener les parties au conflit à l’accord. La seconde stratégie n’a pas d’effets directs sur la résolution de l’accord. Cependant, nos résultats démontrent l’existence d’un effet indirect de cette stratégie interventionniste. Celle-ci est efficace lorsqu’elle est associée à la stratégie d’accompagnement. Deuxièmement, l’intervention d’un tiers expert ou d’autorité, soit un suivi de l’activité des parties en dehors de la salle de médiation, facilite la stratégie interventionniste alors que la compétence des parties, notamment un contact régulier avec ces dernières, est lié à la stratégie d’accompagnement. Dépassant les approches descriptives, ce travail propose une meilleure compréhension du comportement du médiateur, une intervention dynamique et complexe lors du processus de médiation. Cette recherche apparait comme un nouveau point de départ pour comprendre les dynamiques de médiations dans un contexte où le rôle des partenaires sociaux dans la définition de la réglementation sociale s’affirme. Les auteurs suggèrent d’intégrer dans l’analyse des dynamiques de médiation, les facteurs contextuels et personnels liés aux différents acteurs que sont le médiateur, les parties prenantes, ainsi que les tiers extérieurs. Les limites de ce travail demeurent la taille de son échantillon, ainsi que l’absence de triangulation des sources qui auraient permis d’obtenir une vision plus éclairée de l’action du médiateur. De plus, l’étude ayant été conduite en France, elle n’exclut pas l’existence de biais culturels. C’est pourquoi ce travail ouvre des perspectives multiples de recherches sur le sujet du rôle du médiateur dans les dynamiques de médiations.
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Giaretto, Mariana, et Victoria Naffa. « Conflictos por tomas de tierras y modos de intervención estatal : análisis de una experiencia del Alto Valle de Río Negro (Argentina) ». Revista Temas Sociológicos, no 19 (14 septembre 2016) : 15. http://dx.doi.org/10.29344/07194145.19.261.
Texte intégralRésumé :
ResumenEn este trabajo analizamos las relaciones entre tomas de tierras y Estado, en elAlto Valle de Río Negro en Argentina. En un contexto general de especulacióninmobiliaria, por la que se encarecen los precios de alquileres y terrenos, y depolíticas de vivienda selectivas y acotadas, los sectores populares acceden aun espacio en la ciudad mediante tomas de tierras. Frente a estos conflictos,el Estado, en sus diferentes niveles y poderes, despliega una forma deintervención basada en la criminalización de las luchas por tierra y vivienda.Al mismo tiempo, el poder ejecutivo nacional crea la Secretaría de Acceso alHábitat, para posibilitar la intervención política orientada a la regularizaciónde los asentamientos. Sin embargo, esta intervención tiende a reinscribir laproblemática habitacional en el campo político, para reducirla a un conflicto“entre partes”, eludiendo la responsabilidad estatal.Desde un enfoque metodológico cualitativo, seleccionamos como referenteempírico el caso del asentamiento de Villa Obrera en Fiske, Menuco (Gral.Roca), y las técnicas de recolección de datos se basan en fuentes secundarias,como expedientes judiciales y normativa, y en fuentes primarias como son losrelatos de los protagonistas mediante entrevistas individuales y colectivas.Palabras clave: tomas de tierras, Estado, criminalización de los conflictos.Conflicts caused by land occupation and modesof State intervention: analysis of an experience ofAlto Valle in Río Negro (Argentina)AbstractThis paper analyzes the relationship between State and land occupation,at Alto Valle in Río Negro, Argentina. In a general context of real estatespeculation, where rents and land prices are expensive, and a policy ofselective and limited housing, popular sectors can have access to a spacein the city through land occupation. In front of these conflicts, the Statein its different levels and powers, displays a form of intervention basedon the criminalization of struggles for land and housing. At the sametime, the national executive creates the Secretariat of Access to Habitat,oriented to allow political intervention for the regularization of settlements.However, this intervention tends to re-register the housing problems in thepolitical arena, reducing it to a conflict “between parties” and eluding theresponsibility of the State.From a qualitative methodological approach, we selected as empirical referencethe case of the settlement of Villa Obrera in Fiske, Menuco (GeneralRoca). The techniques of data collection are based on secondary sources, suchas policy and legal records, and primary sources as the stories of protagoniststhrough individual and collective interviews.Keywords: land occupation, State, criminalization of conflicts.Conflitos sobre ocupações de terras e modos deintervenção do estado: análise de uma experiênciado Alto Valle do Rio Preto (Argentina)ResumoEste trabalho analisa as relações entre a posse de terra e o Estado, no AltoValle do Rio Preto, na Argentina. Num contexto geral da especulaçãoimobiliária, por qual se encarecem os preços do aluguel e das terras, e depolíticas de habitação seletivas e limitadas, os setores populares acedem aum espaço na cidade através de ocupações de terras. Frente a estes conflitos,o Estado, em seus diferentes níveis e poderes, desenvolve uma forma deintervenção com base na criminalização das lutas pela terra e vivenda. Aomesmo tempo, o poder executivo nacional cria a Secretaria de Acesso àHabitat para possibilitar à intervenção política orientada a regularização dosassentamentos. No entanto, esta intervenção tende a registrar os problemasde habitação no campo político, para reduzi-la a um conflito “entre aspartes”, iludindo a responsabilidade do Estado.A partir de uma abordagem metodológica qualitativa, foi selecionado comoreferência empírica o caso do Assentamento de Villa Obrera em Fiske,Menuco (Gral. Roca), e as técnicas de recolecção de dados são baseados emfontes secundárias, como expedientes judiciais e normativos, e em fontes primárias como são as histórias dos protagonistas através de entrevistasindividuais e coletivas.Palavras-chave: tomada de terras, Estado, criminalização dos conflitos.
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Giaretto, Mariana, et Victoria Naffa. « Conflictos por tomas de tierras y modos de intervención estatal : análisis de una experiencia del Alto Valle de Río Negro (Argentina) ». Revista Temas Sociológicos, no 19 (14 septembre 2016) : 15. http://dx.doi.org/10.29344/07196458.19.261.
Texte intégralRésumé :
ResumenEn este trabajo analizamos las relaciones entre tomas de tierras y Estado, en elAlto Valle de Río Negro en Argentina. En un contexto general de especulacióninmobiliaria, por la que se encarecen los precios de alquileres y terrenos, y depolíticas de vivienda selectivas y acotadas, los sectores populares acceden aun espacio en la ciudad mediante tomas de tierras. Frente a estos conflictos,el Estado, en sus diferentes niveles y poderes, despliega una forma deintervención basada en la criminalización de las luchas por tierra y vivienda.Al mismo tiempo, el poder ejecutivo nacional crea la Secretaría de Acceso alHábitat, para posibilitar la intervención política orientada a la regularizaciónde los asentamientos. Sin embargo, esta intervención tiende a reinscribir laproblemática habitacional en el campo político, para reducirla a un conflicto“entre partes”, eludiendo la responsabilidad estatal.Desde un enfoque metodológico cualitativo, seleccionamos como referenteempírico el caso del asentamiento de Villa Obrera en Fiske, Menuco (Gral.Roca), y las técnicas de recolección de datos se basan en fuentes secundarias,como expedientes judiciales y normativa, y en fuentes primarias como son losrelatos de los protagonistas mediante entrevistas individuales y colectivas.Palabras clave: tomas de tierras, Estado, criminalización de los conflictos.Conflicts caused by land occupation and modesof State intervention: analysis of an experience ofAlto Valle in Río Negro (Argentina)AbstractThis paper analyzes the relationship between State and land occupation,at Alto Valle in Río Negro, Argentina. In a general context of real estatespeculation, where rents and land prices are expensive, and a policy ofselective and limited housing, popular sectors can have access to a spacein the city through land occupation. In front of these conflicts, the Statein its different levels and powers, displays a form of intervention basedon the criminalization of struggles for land and housing. At the sametime, the national executive creates the Secretariat of Access to Habitat,oriented to allow political intervention for the regularization of settlements.However, this intervention tends to re-register the housing problems in thepolitical arena, reducing it to a conflict “between parties” and eluding theresponsibility of the State.From a qualitative methodological approach, we selected as empirical referencethe case of the settlement of Villa Obrera in Fiske, Menuco (GeneralRoca). The techniques of data collection are based on secondary sources, suchas policy and legal records, and primary sources as the stories of protagoniststhrough individual and collective interviews.Keywords: land occupation, State, criminalization of conflicts.Conflitos sobre ocupações de terras e modos deintervenção do estado: análise de uma experiênciado Alto Valle do Rio Preto (Argentina)ResumoEste trabalho analisa as relações entre a posse de terra e o Estado, no AltoValle do Rio Preto, na Argentina. Num contexto geral da especulaçãoimobiliária, por qual se encarecem os preços do aluguel e das terras, e depolíticas de habitação seletivas e limitadas, os setores populares acedem aum espaço na cidade através de ocupações de terras. Frente a estes conflitos,o Estado, em seus diferentes níveis e poderes, desenvolve uma forma deintervenção com base na criminalização das lutas pela terra e vivenda. Aomesmo tempo, o poder executivo nacional cria a Secretaria de Acesso àHabitat para possibilitar à intervenção política orientada a regularização dosassentamentos. No entanto, esta intervenção tende a registrar os problemasde habitação no campo político, para reduzi-la a um conflito “entre aspartes”, iludindo a responsabilidade do Estado.A partir de uma abordagem metodológica qualitativa, foi selecionado comoreferência empírica o caso do Assentamento de Villa Obrera em Fiske,Menuco (Gral. Roca), e as técnicas de recolecção de dados são baseados emfontes secundárias, como expedientes judiciais e normativos, e em fontes primárias como são as histórias dos protagonistas através de entrevistasindividuais e coletivas.Palavras-chave: tomada de terras, Estado, criminalização dos conflitos.
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De Girolamo, Debbie. « (2012) 30 Windsor Y B Access Just 103 A VIEW FROM WITHIN : RECONCEPTUALIZING MEDIATOR INTERACTIONS ». Windsor Yearbook of Access to Justice 30, no 2 (1 octobre 2012) : 103. http://dx.doi.org/10.22329/wyaj.v30i2.4371.
Texte intégralRésumé :
This paper explores mediator interactions from within the mediation process. It is difficult to obtain access to mediations due to issues of confidentiality and litigation privilege, thus restricting direct empirical research. During a yearlong ethnographic study during which the author was a participant-observer of a number of commercial mediations, the nature of mediations was explored from an independent observational perspective – separate from the process yet within the process. In this study, real life patterns of interactions are examined through case study analysis. It offers a reconceptualization of the nature of mediator interventions, one that moves beyond the accepted understanding of third party intervention. It suggests that the mediator has a fugitive identity in mediation, reflecting a traditional neutral third party intervener role, a party role and an adviser role.Dans le présent document, l‟auteure explore les interactions des médiateurs dans le cadre du processus de médiation. Il est difficile d‟obtenir l‟accès aux séances de médiation en raison du secret professionnel et du privilège relatif au litige, et cette difficulté limite la recherche empirique directe. Au cours d‟une étude ethnographique qui s‟est déroulée sur une année et à laquelle l‟auteure a participé comme observatrice d‟un certain nombre de médiations commerciales, la nature des médiations a été explorée d‟un point de vue observationnel indépendant – distinct du processus bien qu‟au sein du processus. Dans la présente étude, des situations réelles d‟interaction sont examinées au moyen de l‟analyse d‟études de cas. L‟auteure offre une reconceptualisation de la nature des interventions du médiateur, qui va au-delà de ce qui est reconnu comme l‟intervention d‟une tierce partie. Le médiateur aurait une identité fugace dans le processus de médiation, cette identité s‟expliquant par un rôle traditionnel de tiers intervenant neutre, un rôle de partie et un rôle de conseiller.
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Quemin, Alain. « L'art plus fort que la science ? L'affrontement entre expertise stylistique et expertise scientifique dans une querelle sur l'authenticité d'une œuvre d'art : l'affaire Sésostris III ». Sociedade e Estado 20, no 2 (août 2005) : 403–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0102-69922005000200007.
Texte intégralRésumé :
L'une des dimensions de l'expertise artistique consiste à se prononcer sur l'authenticité des œuvres et, pour cela, les experts disposent de différentes méthodes et ressources. Si, traditionnellement, l'essentiel des arguments relevait du registre stylistique, de la manière de procéder qui permettait d'attribuer telle ou telle œuvre à un artiste, de nouvelles méthodes scientifiques (tests chimiques, de thermoluminescence…) fondées sur l'étude des propriétés physiques des œuvres, ont, depuis, connu un développement considérable. Le présent texte se propose d'analyser un cas exemplaire de controverse liée à l'authenticité d'une œuvre, une statue du pharaon égyptien Sésostris III, qui a vu s'affronter arguments stylistiques et arguments scientifiques (entendus ici au sens de sciences "dures") et d'étudier comment des arguments opposés ont été reçus par des tierces parties comme la Justice, parfois amenée in fine à trancher les cas les plus épineux.
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Chartier, Roger. « Grievances and Third-Party Intervention ». Relations industrielles 15, no 2 (4 février 2014) : 193–208. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1022030ar.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Summary Grievance is but one form of industrial conflict. It must be seen in the light or the global industrial relations situation of the parties. Its functions are many, whether it be a conflict over rights or over interest. The main thing is that the parties keep the closest possible control over the produce by resort to private arbitration.
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Halevy, Nir, et Eliran Halali. « Selfish third parties act as peacemakers by transforming conflicts and promoting cooperation ». Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 112, no 22 (18 mai 2015) : 6937–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1505067112.
Texte intégralRésumé :
The tremendous costs of conflict have made humans resourceful not only at warfare but also at peacemaking. Although third parties have acted as peacemakers since the dawn of history, little is known about voluntary, informal third-party intervention in conflict. Here we introduce the Peacemaker Game, a novel experimental paradigm, to model and study the interdependence between disputants and third parties in conflict. In the game, two disputants choose whether to cooperate or compete and a third party chooses whether or not to intervene in the conflict. Intervention introduces side payments that transform the game disputants are playing; it also introduces risk for the third party by making it vulnerable to disputants’ choices. Six experiments revealed three robust effects: (i) The mere possibility of third-party intervention significantly increases cooperation in interpersonal and intergroup conflicts; (ii) reducing the risk to third parties dramatically increases intervention rates, to everyone’s benefit; and (iii) disputants’ cooperation rates are consistently higher than third parties’ intervention rates. These findings explain why, how, and when self-interested third parties facilitate peaceful conflict resolution.
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Kathman, Jacob D. « Civil War Diffusion and Regional Motivations for Intervention ». Journal of Conflict Resolution 55, no 6 (7 juillet 2011) : 847–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0022002711408009.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Third-party states consider the regional destabilization consequences of civil wars when deciding to intervene. However, previous work implicitly assumes that potential interveners base their intervention decisions solely on their links to the civil war country. This approach is unlikely to reflect the regional concerns of interested parties. When a civil war is increasingly likely to infect its surrounding region, potential interveners with strong interests in those states neighboring the conflict will be more likely to intervene to contain the violence. Thus, relationships outside the civil war state—intervener dyad are causally associated with intervention. To test these arguments, the author accounts for the contagious properties of civil wars and the regional interests of third parties, constructing dynamic measures to represent the contagion threat posed to third party regional interests. Analyses of these measures support the argument that third parties are increasingly likely to intervene as the risk of diffusion increasingly threatens their regional interests.
Thèses sur le sujet "Intervention de tierces parties"
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Nguyen, Ngoc Ha. « L'intervention des tierces parties dans le règlement des différends à l'OMC ». Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015AIXM1034/document.
Texte intégralRésumé :
L’intervention des tierces parties dans le règlement des différends à l’OMC présente des spécificités par rapport à l’intervention devant d’autres juridictions internationales. La première spécificité consiste en l’accès très fréquent des tierces parties aux consultations, aux travaux des groupes spéciaux et de l’Organe d’appel. Cette fréquence résulte de règles procédurales plutôt favorables et de la politique judiciaire ouverte du juge de l’OMC. En revanche, les droits procéduraux des tierces parties restent encore très restreints. Ils sont imprécis dans la phase de consultations et limités dans la phase des groupes spéciaux. En outre, l’absence d’effet obligatoire des rapports à leur égard a pour conséquence que les tierces parties sont privées de certains droits, tel celui de faire appel. Dans l’ensemble, ces spécificités leur permettent de jouer un rôle important. Leur intervention peut répondre aux besoins d’information du juge et contribuer à la multilatéralisation et à la légitimité du système. Elle peut aider à défendre des intérêts à différents niveaux et surtout elle devient un moyen de renforcer les capacités des pays en développement. Elle comporte parfois des risques et limites pour la mise en œuvre des garanties de la régularité de la procédure, pour certaines évolutions du système et pour la protection des droits et intérêts légitimes des parties principales. Toutefois, ces répercussions demeurent minimes ou sont atténuées grâce aux stratégies mises en place par les parties principales et au contrôle du juge de l’OMC. Dès lors, le bilan de l’intervention qui apparaît globalement positif plaide en faveur du renforcement des droits des tierces partiesThe third party intervention in the WTO dispute settlement has specificities compared to that existing in other international jurisdictions. The first one include very frequent access of third parties in the consultations, in the panel and the Appellate Body proceedings. This frequency results from rather favorable procedural rules and an open judicial policy developed by WTO judge in favor of the third parties presence. Contrary to this, the procedural rights of third parties are still very limited. They are imprecise in the consultation phase and limited in the panel phase. In addition, third parties do not have certain rights (for example, the right to appeal) because of the absence of the binding effects of adopted reports on themselves. On the whole, these specificities allow third parties to play really an important role in this system. Their intervention can meet the judge’s information needs and contribute to the multilateralization and legitimacy of the system at a whole. It can also help to defend interests at various levels and thus becomes a procedural mean to build and strengthen the capacity and skills of developing country Members. Their intervention can sometimes involve risks and limitations on the implementation of the guaranties of due process, on certain developments of the system and on the protection of legitimate rights and interests of the main parties. However, these effects are either minimal or mitigated through certain strategies implemented by the parties to dispute or through the control of the WTO judge. Therefore, the results of the intervention which appear generally positive advocates the strengthening of third party’s rights
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Ibrahim, Ali Aadel. « La protection des tiers contre les effets d'un jugement : Étude comparative entre le droit libyen et le droit français ». Thesis, Toulon, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014TOUL0085.
Texte intégralRésumé :
La protection des intérêts des tiers des effets atteints résultant d'un jugement rendu entre deux parties constitue aujourd'hui, une exigence indispensable pour garantir la sécurité juridique. Les différentes législations se sont occupées de garantir les droits des tiers. L’objet de cette étude consiste à traiter l’efficacité des moyens donnés au tiers pour protéger ses droits en comparant le système libyen au système français. En effet, nous avons pu constater qu’il y a une différence entre les méthodes employées dans cette matière. Le droit libyen consacre toujours l’interprétation classique au principe de l’autorité relative et nie la possibilité qu’un jugement peut d’une manière ou une autre affecter le droit de tiers. Cette position de droit libyen est critiquable, car si le tiers n'est pas tenu par ce qui a été décidé dans une instance où il n’était ni partie ni représenté, ce dernier ne peut totalement ignorer l’existence du jugement ou éviter ses effets en s'appuyant sur le principe de la relativité de l’autorité de la chose jugée étant donné que la source du grief que le tiers peut subir ne résulte pas de cette autorité mais de l’opposabilité de jugement à son égard. En effet, le principe d’opposabilité du jugement oblige le tiers de reconnaître et de respecter la situation juridique née du jugement. C’est pour cette raison que nous espérons qu’une révision faite par le législateur libyen des textes législatifs relatifs à la tierce opposition pour donner au tiers véritable la possibilité d’attaquer le jugement par cette voie. Cette révision doit aussi étendre la règle concernant l’intervention en appel et en cassation pour autoriser au tiers d’intervenir à titre principale devant la Cour d’appel et à titre accessoire devant la Cour de cassationThe protection of the interests of the third parties of the reached effects resulting from a judgment returned between two parts constitutes today, an indispensable requirement to guarantee the legal safety. Different legislation tried to guarantee the rights of thirds. The object of this study consists in treating the effectiveness of means given to the third to protect its rights by comparing the Libyan system with the French system. Indeed, we could note that there is a difference between methods used in this material. Libyan right always dedicates classical interpretation to the principle of the relating authority and disclaims possibility that a judgement can of one way or another affect the right of third party. This position of Libyan right is open to criticism, because if the third party is not kept by what one decided in an authority where it was not either left or represented, this last cannot completely be unaware of the existence of judgement or avoid the effects by leaning on the principle of the relativity of the res judicata given that the source of grievance which the third can suffer does not result from this authority but from the opposability of judgement against him. Indeed, the principle of opposability of judgement obliges the third party to admit and to respect the legal status born in judgement. It is for this reason that we hope that a revision made by the Libyan legislator of enactments relating to third party opposition to give to the true third party the possibility of attacking judgement by this way. This revision must also spread the rule concerning intervention in call and in annulment to allow in the third to intervene in title main before the court call and in secondary title before the court of annulment
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Prado, Bringas Rafael, et Valencia Orestes Francisco Zegarra. « Joinder and Intervention of Third Parties in the Civil Proceeding : Searching a New Approach ». IUS ET VERITAS, 2017. http://repositorio.pucp.edu.pe/index/handle/123456789/123597.
Texte intégralRésumé :
This article addresses the treatment of the joinder and the intervention of third parties in the Civil Procedure Code. The authors examines the procedural institutions for try provide the right interpretation of the procedure rules concerning to the material and get a true effective jurisdictional protection.El presente artículo aborda el tratamiento que da el Código Procesal Civil al litisconsorcio e intervención de terceros. Los autores examinan las instituciones procesales para intentar brindar una correcta interpretación de las normas procesales referentes a la materia y, así conseguir una verdadera tutela jurisdiccional efectiva.
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Kappmeier, Mariska [Verfasser], et Alexander [Akademischer Betreuer] Redlich. « Where is the Trust ? : Conflict and Trust Assessment between Large-Group Conflict Parties for 3rd Parties Conflict Intervention / Mariska Kappmeier. Betreuer : Alexander Redlich ». Hamburg : Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Hamburg, 2012. http://d-nb.info/1024772500/34.
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Matzner, Sissela Hannah. « Politics of intervention : political parties' national roles conceptions in foreign policy narratives on military intervention in ongoing conflict - France, Germany and Libya 2011 ». Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/33279.
Texte intégralRésumé :
This doctoral thesis asks what ideational factors underlie parties' national role conceptions in narratives on violent conflict and crises abroad. It explores French and German parties' national role statements in the case of the 2011 military intervention in Libya. The thesis lies at the intersection of Foreign Policy Analysis research focused on domestic foreign policy actors, International Relations studies on ideas in international relations and Party Politics scholarship looking at international issues in party campaigns and competition. It develops a theoretical framework using role theory and combines it with scholarship on international norms and ideologies. It contributes to role research on domestic role contestation and role socialisation. It adds a study of parties' national roles to this scholarship. It also advances the conceptual development of the role theory approach through an exploration of the responsibility concept within national roles. The main finding of the thesis is that parties often agree on the national role but sometimes interpret the same role differently. Moreover, sometimes parties can propose alternative national roles. The theoretical framework permits to trace variation in role interpretation to foreign policy traditions, international norms and ideologies. The central argument is that parties do not necessarily agree on the national role and its interpretation even when confronted with the same situation and events. It suggests that variation in national role interpretation can matter because parties contest the national role and, thereby, may point to role conflicts and dilemmas that may have an effect on future role selection and performance.
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Fournier, Angela Krom. « An Incentive/Reward Intervention to Decrease Alcohol Abuse at Fraternity Parties : Differential Reinforcement of Blood Alcohol Concentration ». Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/36260.
Texte intégralRésumé :
This quasi-experimental field study examined the efficacy of an intervention to decrease alcohol abuse by college students. The harm reduction approach states that the ultimate goal when dealing with an unsafe behavior should be abstinence, but any change in behavior in the direction of less harm is supported. This approach was used as the basis of the current research, in combination with differential reinforcement in order to reduce alcohol consumption and its behavioral outcome, blood alcohol concentration (BAC). A total of 409 male and female college students participated while in the applied setting of four fraternity parties. The study took place at two separate fraternity houses, a control fraternity and an experimental fraternity. During the intervention phase, participants with a BAC below .05 were entered into a raffle to win a cash prize. Upon entry to the intervention party, participants were given flyers announcing the raffle and contingency, and gender-specific nomograms to aid in BAC self-monitoring. Dependent measures were blood alcohol concentration measured by hand-held breathalyzers, percentage of participants below criterion BAC levels (i.e., .05 and .08), accuracy of BAC self-estimation, number of negative outcomes due to excessive alcohol consumption, number of positive outcomes due to abstinence or moderate alcohol consumption, and amount of reported fun experienced at the party. Results showed the intervention did not significantly reduce the intoxication of participants or increase the percentage of participants below criterion BAC levels. These results are best explained by a floor effect, as the experimental fraternity had a relatively low baseline BAC. The use of nomograms at the intervention party increased the accuracy of students' BAC self-estimations. Implications for nomogram use and improvements for future implementation of the incentive/reward intervention are discussed.Master of Science
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Meinshausen, Paul. « Reconceptualizing The Relationship Between The International Community And The Nationalist Parties In Bosnia-herzegovina ». Master's thesis, METU, 2008. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/2/12609868/index.pdf.
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This thesis is an endeavor to develop a more thorough and nuanced understanding of the relationship between international and local actors in the post-Dayton state-building process in Bosnia. While state-building in Bosnia has received a considerable amount of attention and study, apprehension and depiction of the relationship between the international community and Bosnian governing officials has remained relatively homogeneous. This dominant account of the relationship has been that it is a contentious and oppositional one. To criticize the approach I highlighted two of its problematic aspects. These were the conception of the state, in the abstract, as a highly unified and cohesive entity. And, the depiction of internal and external as isolated and fixed actor-identities. The central argument of this thesis is that the international community and the nationalist parties (representing respectively the external and internal state actors) have become united in a mutually advantageous and mutually-reinforcing process of sharing power, responsibility, and blame. This process has been apparently oppositional but effectively cooperative, so that the outcome of twelve years of state-building has been the continued relevance and effective entrenchment of both the international community and the nationalist parties in the Bosnian state.
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Cintra, Lia Carolina Batista. « Assistência no processo civil brasileiro ». Universidade de São Paulo, 2012. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/2/2137/tde-06062013-155607/.
Texte intégralRésumé :
A motivação para o presente trabalho nasceu de um estudo sobre o art. 55 do Código de Processo Civil. Foi possível verificar, a partir daí, que o confuso e divergente tratamento que a doutrina dá a esse dispositivo legal decorre, em grande parte, da ausência de enquadramento sistemático adequado da própria assistência. Como saber quais os possíveis efeitos decorrentes da intervenção do terceiro no processo se não se sabe exatamente o motivo pelo qual ele pode intervir e nem mesmo os poderes que pode exercer durante o desenrolar da marcha processual? O direito brasileiro herdou do direito alemão a disciplina que pretendeu dar à assistência, mas sem anterior preocupação com a verificação de sua adequação, quer no próprio ordenamento germânico, quer no brasileiro. Acabou, assim, criando um labirinto do qual a doutrina ainda não conseguiu sair. Algumas tentativas doutrinárias de estudar o instituto com coerência apontam para a falta de lógica da disciplina legal da assistência, mas ainda não se pode dizer que exista no direito brasileiro um estudo sistemático da assistência. Foi o que se pretendeu fazer nesse trabalho ao demonstrar a necessidade de eliminação do art. 54 do CPC do ordenamento e a consequente reconfiguração da assim chamada assistência simples, disciplinada no art. 50 do CPC. A assistência, há tempos, está a demandar um estudo aprofundado que possa até mesmo potencializar sua utilização, já que não se pode dizer que seja algo comum nos processos embora sejam comuns as hipóteses que autorizariam sua ocorrência.This work starts from a study about the article 55 of Civil Procedure Code. From that, it was possible to verify that the confusing and diverging treatment that the doctrine gives to this text comes mainly from the lack of a suitable systematic framing of the assistance itself. How to know which are the possible effects of third part intervention if one does not know exactly the reasons why the third part may intervene or even its powers in the procedure? Brazilian law have inherited from German law the discipline that it intended to give to assistance, but without thinking previously about its suitability, whether in the own German law, whether in the Brazilian law. This way, a maze was created from which the doctrine was not able to exit yet. Some coherent tries of studying the institute of assistance point to the lack of logic in its legal discipline, but there is not a systematic study of the assistance yet. That was the goal of this work, demonstrating the need of elimination of article 54 of Civil Procedure Code, with the reshaping of so called \"simple assistance\", ruled by article 50 of Civil Procedure Code. Assistance, for long time, needs a profound study that may improve its use, since it is uncommon in suits although the hypotheses that grant its use are very common.
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Lino, Marcos dos Santos. « Reflexos processuais da alienação da coisa litigiosa ». Universidade de São Paulo, 2013. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/2/2137/tde-07102014-142006/.
Texte intégralRésumé :
O presente trabalho se dedica ao estudo dos efeitos processuais da alienação da coisa ou direito litigioso, permitida no direito brasileiro. Para tanto, revisita a origem do instituto desde o direito romano até o Código de Processo Civil brasileiro de 1973, levando em consideração as teorias tradicionais nacionais e estrangeiras sobre o tema. Define-se a natureza jurídica da alienação da coisa ou direito litigioso, a sua identificação no processo, bem como os demais requisitos para incidência dos efeitos previstos no art. 42 do Código de Processo Civil (manutenção do alienante no processo, extensão dos efeitos da sentença ao adquirente e possibilidade de intervenção do adquirente no processo). A análise desses efeitos à luz dos escopos da norma se constitui como fio condutor da exposição, utilizada como solução para intrincados problemas que ainda não encontram consenso na doutrina e na jurisprudência, entre os quais pode-se destacar os limites dos poderes dos sujeitos envolvidos na alienação da coisa litigiosa (alienante, adquirente e contraparte), e a mitigação da extensão dos efeitos da sentença ao adquirente que não tinha ciência da litigiosidade do bem adquirido. Por fim, realiza-se a interpretação comparativa do instituto da alienação da coisa litigiosa com a modalidade de fraude de execução prevista no art. 593, inc. I, do Código de Processo Civil (instituto tipicamente brasileiro), pugnando-se pela admissibilidade da alienação da coisa litigiosa mesmo em caso de ação fundada em direito real, mediante a submissão da situação ao regramento previsto no art. 42 do Código de Processo Civil.This work studies the procedural effects of the claim assignment, allowed under Brazilian law. The work revisits the origins of the institute from Roman law to the Brazilian Civil Procedure Code, 1973, considering national and international traditional theories about the subject. The paper defines the legal nature of the claim assignment, and its identification in the lawsuit, as well as other requirements for the applying of the effects prescribed by article 42 of the Civil Procedure Code (assignor maintenance in the lawsuit, extending of the effects of decision to the assignee and the assignee\'s possibility to intervene in the lawsuit). The analysis of such effects regarding the purposes of the rule leads the explanation, which is used as a solution for intricate problems without consensus on doctrine and jurisprudence, including the limits of the powers of the subjects involved in the claim assignment (assignor, assignee and opposing party in the lawsuit), and mitigation of the extending of the decision effects to the assignee, unaware of the litigiousness of the object. Finally, it is done a comparative interpretation of the institute with the modality of enforcement fraud prescribed by article 593, I, of the Civil Procedure Code (a typically Brazilian institute), concluding that the claim assignment is possible even in case of a lawsuit founded on real property law, upon submission of the situation to the rules prescribed by article 42 of the Civil Procedure Code.
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Costa, Guilherme Recena. « Partes e terceiros na arbitragem ». Universidade de São Paulo, 2015. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/2/2137/tde-02122015-154004/.
Texte intégralRésumé :
A tese discute o problema dos terceiros na arbitragem. Ela distingue os planos substantivo (contratual) e processual (jurisdicional) da arbitragem e, portanto, o status de parte e terceiro com relação, respectivamente, à convenção de arbitragem e ao processo arbitral. Depois de desenvolver as premissas teóricas na Parte 1, a Parte 2 expõe as teorias contratuais e societárias por meio das quais um não-signatário pode ficar vinculado à convenção de arbitragem, com destaque para a extensão a todos os acionistas da companhia da cláusula compromissória estatutária, bem como para a aplicação do princípio da boa-fé objetiva (teoria dos atos próprios, estoppel) para impedir com que determinados signatários burlem a convenção de arbitragem ao incluir terceiros no polo passivo da demanda ou, ainda, para impor a arbitragem a não-signatários que derivaram um benefício do contrato inter alios. Na Parte III, a atenção volta-se para o processo e a sentença arbitral. Expõe-se uma teoria dos efeitos da sentença, buscando-se explicar a sua potencial eficácia ultra partes com base: a) na necessidade de realizar o direito da contraparte à tutela jurisdicional (adquirente do direito litigioso, sucessores post rem judicatam); e b) na identificação de nexos de prejudicialidade-dependência permanente entre as relações jurídicas no plano do direito material (terceiro titular de situação dependente). Refutam-se, em passo seguinte, teorias que preconizam o valor absoluto da sentença. Oferece-se, como núcleo da tese, uma reconstrução dogmática das modalidades de intervenção de terceiro, buscando adaptá-las à arbitragem para alcançar, em cada situação, um justo equilíbrio entre as expectativas contratuais das partes originárias e a natureza privada da arbitragem, de um lado, e os efeitos da sentença perante terceiros, de outro. Conclui-se que, em alguns casos, legitima-se o terceiro a intervir voluntariamente, mesmo contra ou independentemente da vontade das partes, se ele estiver sujeito aos efeitos da sentença. Em hipótese excepcionalíssimas, ademais, a parte pode sujeitar um terceiro aos efeitos de intervenção, provocando a sua assistência no processo arbitral.The thesis addresses the problems of third parties in arbitration. It distinguishes the substantive (contractual) and procedural dimensions of arbitration and, hence, the status of parties and third parties in connection with, respectively, the arbitration agreement and the arbitral proceedings. After spelling out theoretical premises in Part 1, Part 2 covers the contractual and corporate theories by which a non-signatory may be bound by the arbitration agreement, highlighting the extension to all shareholders of the agreement in the corporate bylaws, as well as the application of the equitable doctrine of estoppel to bar certain signatories from avoiding the arbitration agreement by including third parties as defendants or even to impose arbitration onto non-signatories who derived a benefit from the contract inter alios. In Part III, my attention turns to the proceedings and the arbitral award. I set out a doctrine of the effects of judgments, seeking to explain their potential effects on third parties based: a) on the prevailing need to preserve the counterpartys right to a binding declaration on its asserted claims (acquirers, successors post rem judicatam); b) the identification of substantive ties between legal relationships that make the third parties rights permanently dependent on the situation between the parties. I then refute theories ascribing absolute value to the award vis-à-vis third parties. As the core of the thesis, I offer a doctrinal reconstruction of third party interventions, seeking to adapt them to arbitration in order to achieve, in each situation, a fair balance between the contractual expectations of the original parties and the private nature of arbitration, in one hand, and the effects of the award on third parties, on the other. I conclude that a third party should be allowed to intervene, albeit against the will of the parties, if it is subject to the concrete effects of the arbitral award. In exceptional situations, moreover, a party may vouch in a third party, who will then be bound by the determinations of factual and legal issues made in the award.
Livres sur le sujet "Intervention de tierces parties"
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Muldoon, Paul R. Law of intervention : Status and practice. Aurora, Ont : Canada Law Book, 1989.
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Budak, Ali Cem. Medeni usul hukukunda üçüncü kişilerin haklarının korunması. Cağaloğlu, İstanbul : Beta Basım Yayım Dağıtım, 2000.
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Binet, Lise. La mise au secret du VIH-sida par les personnes atteintes et par les proches : Recension des écrits : stigmate, mise au secret, secret partagé et intervention psychosociale autour du secret. [Québec] : Université Laval, 1997.
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González, Atilio Carlos. La intervención voluntaria de terceros en el proceso. Buenos Aires : Editorial Abaco de Rodolfo Depalma, 1994.
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Côté, Pierre-F. L' intervention des tiers en période électorale et les contributions versées aux partis politiques et aux candidats au regard des chartes. 2e éd. [Québec] : Directeur général des élections du Québec, 1994.
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Côté, Pierre-F. L' intervention des tiers en période électorale et les contributions versées aux partis politiques et aux candidats au regard des Chartes. [Québec] : Directeur général des élections du Québec, 1991.
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Parada, Magaly Perretti de. Las partes y los terceros en el proceso. Caracas : Ediciones Liber, 2013.
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Marina, Manuel García de. Tercerías de dominio y de mejor derecho. Barcelona : Serlipost, 1990.
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Quijano, Jairo Parra. Los terceros en el proceso civil : Llamamiento en garantía en la jurisdicción contencioso-administrativa. 6e éd. Bogotá, Colombia : Ediciones Librería del Profesional, 2001.
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Blavia, Ana Suárez. Las tercerías en el derecho español. Barcelona : Cedecs Editorial, 1998.
Trouver le texte intégralChapitres de livres sur le sujet "Intervention de tierces parties"
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Tallodi, Timea. « Exploring Foundational Concepts : Relationship, Interpersonal Conflict and Mediation as an Intervention ». Dans How Parties Experience Mediation, 31–87. Cham : Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-28239-4_3.
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Hijino, Ken Victor Leonard. « Types of Local Governments’ Intervention to National Politics/Central-Local Cooperation and Antagonism by Political Parties and Government ». Dans Global Encyclopedia of Public Administration, Public Policy, and Governance, 1–7. Cham : Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-31816-5_3266-1.
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Plassmann, Clemens, et Stephan Dorn. « Statement in intervention ». Dans Unified Patent Protection in Europe : A Commentary. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198755463.003.0484.
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The information of the parties to the proceedings on the order accepting admissibility of the application for an intervention may be given by serving the order on the parties and the intervener pursuant to Rule 314.
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Bercovitch, Jacob. « Interpersonal Conflict and Third Party Intervention ». Dans Social Conflicts and Third Parties, 38–57. Routledge, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780429306259-3.
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Bercovitch, Jacob. « International Conflict and Third Party Intervention ». Dans Social Conflicts and Third Parties, 89–118. Routledge, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780429306259-5.
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Bercovitch, Jacob. « Labor-Management Conflict and Third Party Intervention ». Dans Social Conflicts and Third Parties, 59–87. Routledge, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780429306259-4.
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Mark, Brealey, et George Kyla. « 3 Third Party Intervention ». Dans Competition Litigation. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/law-ocl/9780199665075.003.0003.
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This chapter focuses on the rights of third parties to intervene in competition proceedings in the High Court (and appellate courts) and in the Competition Appeal Tribunal (CAT). It first considers intervention by third parties in the High Court under Rule 19.2 of the Civil Procedure Rules 1998 (CPR), intervention in judicial review proceedings, and intervention in appeal proceedings. It then discusses intervention in CAT, placing emphasis on appeals and reviews (applying for permission to intervene, the time limit for making an application to intervene, the role played by intervener at the hearing). It also explains how compensation claims are made under CAT rule 16 before concluding with an analysis of intervention by competition authorities, namely the Competition and Markets Authority (CMA) and the European Union Commission.
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« The Social Democratic Project : Macroeconomic Stability and State Intervention in Spain ». Dans Political Parties, Growth and Equality, 105–29. Cambridge University Press, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/cbo9781139174947.006.
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Sime, Stuart. « 19. Parties and Joinder ». Dans A Practical Approach to Civil Procedure, 199–216. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/he/9780198858386.003.0019.
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This chapter first looks at the rules relating to different classes of party and then considers the rules governing multi-party litigation. Topics discussed include description of parties; particular classes of party; vexatious litigants; joinder; representative proceedings; representation of unascertained persons; intervention; consolidation; stakeholder claims; assignment; and group litigation.
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Sime, Stuart. « 19. Parties and Joinder ». Dans A Practical Approach to Civil Procedure, 203–20. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/he/9780198838593.003.0019.
Texte intégralRésumé :
This chapter first looks at the rules relating to different classes of party and then considers the rules governing multi-party litigation. Topics discussed include description of parties; particular classes of party; vexatious litigants; joinder; representative proceedings; representation of unascertained persons; intervention; consolidation; stakeholder claims; assignment; and group litigation.
Actes de conférences sur le sujet "Intervention de tierces parties"
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Çelik, Sabahat Binnur. « The Limits of State Intervention in Economy by Taxation in Turkey ». Dans International Conference on Eurasian Economies. Eurasian Economists Association, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.36880/c06.01314.
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People, mostly and directly affected from the state's decision about taxation. State, in order to realize public services, while using its taxation authority depending to its power of sovereignty, intervenes in the economy in different ways. While using taxation authority, state is subject to various limitations. The most important limitation about taxation is the necessity of obeying the laws.
The basic principles about taxation are indicated on the Universal Declaration of Human Rights and Constitutions. Nowadays, nearly in every country, advanced tax payer rights, public pressure and the ruling parties’ intent about remaining in power or the opposition parties' intent about coming in power also determines the limits of taxation.
Proceedings of the independent judicial bodies are very important about the limitation of taxation. Because independent judicial bodies can control the power of sovereignty of the state about taxation. In the judging process, they judge the tax rules and tax applications' harmony to the basic principles of taxation. If there are no fair limits about taxation in a country, this means that there is no democracy in that country.
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Brown, Paul, et Brian Gunby. « Analysis of Plug Drilling and Stuck Pipe Performance Metrics ». Dans SPE/ICoTA Well Intervention Conference and Exhibition. SPE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/204433-ms.
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Abstract A large collection of data recorded during coiled tubing (CT) operations has been analyzed using proprietary pattern recognition algorithms to identify downhole events with a high degree of confidence. These events include the drilling of plugs and stuck pipe incidents. Key performance indicator (KPI) metrics derived from this analysis provide insight into industry trends over time and by region, and can provide useful performance benchmarks for service providers and operator companies. Depth, weight and pressure data from multiple sources has been streamed and stored on a shared platform over a five year period, creating a record of over 39,000 data files. This data was processed to generate KPI-type statistics for over 500,000 detected plugs and 760 possible stuck pipe scenarios, based on analysis of depth and weight signatures. Using surface measurements to quantify downhole events has some limitations, but the method has proven sufficiently robust to allow useful trends to be observed and evaluated. While the analysis is confidential to the parties involved, a contributing company can compare their ‘performance’ statistics (as evaluated by the third party algorithms) against averages representative of the industry at large, arranged by year and geographic region, to identify areas of relative strength or weakness. An operator company can likewise compare metrics for different service providers (derived solely from jobs performed for their company) for those which elect to share data in this fashion. This paper presents statistics for plug drilling operations and stuck pipe incidents in North America between 2016-2020, a period of significant change in the CT industry. Examples show how average plug drilling times have generally decreased, with less frequent use of short trips and fewer pipe cycles. The data shows that, for some companies, faster operations have come at the expense of more frequent or severe stuck pipe incidents, whereas other companies have experienced fewer such problems. This comparative analysis illustrates how downhole outcomes can be deduced from surface measurements, and resulting performance metrics can vary widely between companies, fields and geographic regions.
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YEŞİLBURSA, Behçet Kemal. « THE FORMATION AND DEVELOPMENT OF POLITICAL PARTIES IN TURKEY (1908-1980) ». Dans 9. Uluslararası Atatürk Kongresi. Ankara : Atatürk Araştırma Merkezi Yayınları, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.51824/978-975-17-4794-5.08.
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Political parties started to be established in Turkey in the second half of the 19th century with the formation of societies aiming at the reform of the Ottoman Empire. They reaped the fruits of their labour in 1908 when the Young Turk Revolution replaced the Sultan with the Committee of Union and Progress, which disbanded itself on the defeat of the Empire in 1918. Following the proclamation of the Republic in 1923, new parties started to be formed, but experiments with a multi-party system were soon abandoned in favour of a one-party system. From 1930 until the end of the Second World War, the People’s Republican Party (PRP) was the only political party. It was not until after the Second World War that Turkey reverted to a multiparty system. The most significant new parties were the Democrat Party (DP), formed on 7 January 1946, and the Nation Party (NP) formed on 20 July 1948, after a spilt in the DP. However, as a result of the coup of 27 May 1960, the military Government, the Committee of National Union (CNU), declared its intentions of seizing power, restoring rights and privileges infringed by the Democrats, and drawing up a new Constitution, to be brought into being by a free election. In January 1961, the CNU relaxed its initial ban on all political activities, and within a month eleven new parties were formed, in addition to the already established parties. The most important of the new parties were the Justice Party (JP) and New Turkey Party (NTP), which competed with each other for the DP’s electoral support. In the general election of October 1961, the PRP’s failure to win an absolute majority resulted in four coalition Governments, until the elections in October 1965. The General Election of October 1965 returned the JP to power with a clear, overall majority. The poor performance of almost all the minor parties led to the virtual establishment of a two-party system. Neither the JP nor the PRP were, however, completely united. With the General Election of October 1969, the JP was returned to office, although with a reduced share of the vote. The position of the minor parties declined still further. Demirel resigned on 12 March 1971 after receiving a memorandum from the Armed Forces Commanders threatening to take direct control of the country. Thus, an “above-party” Government was formed to restore law and order and carry out reforms in keeping with the policies and ideals of Atatürk. In March 1973, the “above-party” Melen Government resigned, partly because Parliament rejected the military candidate, General Gürler, whom it had supported in the Presidential Elections of March-April 1973. This rejection represented the determination of Parliament not to accept the dictates of the Armed Forces. On 15 April, a new “above party” government was formed by Naim Talu. The fundamental dilemma of Turkish politics was that democracy impeded reform. The democratic process tended to return conservative parties (such as the Democrat and Justice Parties) to power, with the support of the traditional Islamic sectors of Turkish society, which in turn resulted in the frustration of the demands for reform of a powerful minority, including the intellectuals, the Armed Forces and the newly purged PRP. In the last half of the 20th century, this conflict resulted in two periods of military intervention, two direct and one indirect, to secure reform and to quell the disorder resulting from the lack of it. This paper examines the historical development of the Turkish party system, and the factors which have contributed to breakdowns in multiparty democracy.
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Gower, Stephen R., et David Whitman. « Guidance on In Line Inspection First Run Success ». Dans 2012 9th International Pipeline Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ipc2012-90284.
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First run success is a key performance measure used in the BP Global In Line Inspection (ILI) Contract [1]. This drives effectiveness and efficiency in the processes supporting ILI and it is a key commercial performance indicator for ILI Suppliers. Although run success rates are often referred to across the industry there has been little standardisation in the terminology, or the factors that lead to a successful run. Three definitions have been established for run success: Technical; Commercial and Operational. Each has a place although it is Operational run success that drives improvements between operators and suppliers. The introduction of a performance measure for first run success increases the focus on getting things right the first time. The financial cost of ILI run failure has probably been underestimated by the industry; although it is estimated that it could be as high as 30% of total contracted costs for ILI. For some projects the costs associated with a failed run can be far greater than the original project costs (e.g. additional vessel support costs for deployment or recovery during offshore operations). A failed run can also result in a delayed inspection and an associated increased risk as well as potentially compromising compliance with regulatory requirements. The consequences of run failure vary in severity and can be presented in a pyramid similar to the typical representation of safety statistics. A stuck tool requiring intervention or a pipeline failure, as a result of an incorrect inspection report, would be at the top of the pyramid. The lower tiers would capture technical failures and the effectiveness of cleaning. Understanding the consequence of failures can help drive performance improvements across the industry. As part of the BP continuous improvement process, ILI Suppliers and internal stakeholders were brought together for a facilitated workshop to understand the factors affecting first run success rates. The workshop identified a number of common themes which were consistent across all of the Suppliers addressing; both operational issues and tool performance. A Guidance Note was then developed with the ILI Suppliers to drive improvements in first run success rates. This was shared with the Pipeline Operators Forum (POF) in October 2011 and has been further developed as a POF Guidance Document. A separate guidance note has been developed to address recommended practices for collecting and verifying field data. Successful ILI requires good communication between all parties. As the industry starts to inspect more difficult and challenging lines it will be important to improve ILI run success rates. Across the industry we probably know how to do it, but doing it consistently is the challenge. The development of industry Guidance Notes represent a small step towards achieving this objective. As ILI operations improve the focus will increasingly turn to the reliability of tools. There is much that can be learnt from other industry sectors, such as the motor or aviation industry, on improving reliability of components and systems. This will require an increased use of preventative maintenance practices. There is also a need to create a common basis for reporting reliability of inspection tools and for this to be taken into account when operators make their selection of ILI tools. The Global ILI Contract has brought an increased focus to the performance of the overall inspection process which is driving improvements in first run success rates. It has facilitated the development of guidelines on best practice and is starting to set standards for reliability. The high level of cooperation between suppliers and operators to drive improvements in this area is a measure of the importance of first run success rates to all parts of our industry. Achieving ILI first run success requires both the operator and ILI supplier to work together. Whilst each has a key part to play effective communication from an early stage is essential.
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Wahyuni, Tavip Dwi. « The Effect of Community Empowerment on The Implementation of Diabetes Mellitus Management in Malangsuko, West Java ». Dans The 7th International Conference on Public Health 2020. Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.26911/the7thicph.04.11.
Texte intégralRésumé :
ABSTRACT Background: Efforts to deal with Diabetes Mellitus (DM) disease require support from various parties, especially the community and family apart from the sufferer himself. The community in an effort to reduce the risk of DM disease, among others, by providing knowledge and understanding to families and sufferers directly, including empowering the community. This study was carried out by empowering health cadres by training in knowledge and skills in medical examinations, starting from checking blood pressure, anthropometry, and blood sugar. This study aimed to analyze the effect of community empowerment on the implementation of DM management. Subjects and Method: This was an experimental study with a control group design. This study was carried out in Malangsuko Village, West Java. Total of 30 cadres were divided into 15 cadres in the control group and 15 cadres in the treatment group. The independent variable was community empowerment. The dependent variable was the implementation of DM management. Data were collected using questionnaire and observation sheet skills results. Data were analyzed using Wilcoxon test. Results: After a post test, a total of 73% cadres had moderate knowledge and 80% had low skill in control group, while in intervention group, 73.3% cadres had good knowledge and 100% had good skill. Conclusion: The empowerment of health cadres in Malangsuko Village is effective because it has a positive impact on knowledge and skills in early detection of DM disease. Keywords: community empowerment, diabetes mellitus management Correspondence: Tavip Dwi Wahyuni. School of Health Polytechnics, Malang, East Java. Email: tavip_dwi@poltekkes-malang.ac.id DOI: https://doi.org/10.26911/the7thicph.04.11
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Gossart, R., C. Favre de Thierrens, J. H. Torres et M. A. Fauroux. « Avulsion d’une dent surnuméraire incluse par découpe puis repositionnement de l’épine nasale antérieure ». Dans 66ème Congrès de la SFCO. Les Ulis, France : EDP Sciences, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/sfco/20206603009.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Les avulsions de dents incluses sont d’une pratique courante. Le plus fréquemment, le dégagement osseux n’a pas de conséquences. Dans certains cas, il peut poser problème, s’il concerne un futur site d’implantation ou des structures anatomiques spécifiques, notamment dans le prémaxillaire (Sukegawa et al. Case Rep Dent. 2015; 2015: 974169). Pour ces situations, la piézochirugie apparait comme une technique peu invasive puisque la découpe est plus fine et plus précise qu’avec les instruments rotatifs (Pavlıékovaé et al. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2011 40:451-7). De plus, le fait de découper un volet puis de le repositionner en fin d’intervention constitue un moyen de préserver le volume osseux. Le cas rapporté est celui d’une avulsion d’un mesiodens par découpe puis repositionnement de l’épine nasale antérieure. Une jeune fille de 13 ans a été adressée par son orthodontiste pour avulsion d’un mesiodens avant prise en charge ODF. Un examen cone beam a précisé la position de cet odontoïde. D’une morphologie évoquant une incisive conoïde, la dent surnuméraire se présentait en position verticale ; sa couronne faisait saillie dans les fosses nasales, sous le vomer, et sa racine était en arrière de celles des incisives centrales. Lors d’une intervention menée sous anesthésie générale, l’ENA a été découpée par piézochirugie (incision en V de part et d’autre du plan médian) et luxée vers le haut, sans décollement de la muqueuse nasale. L’odontoïde a été sectionné au collet. Sa couronne d’abord puis sa racine ont été avulsées. Enfin, l’ENA a été repositionnée et fixée par une vis d’ostosynthèse positionnée légèrement en biais. Les suites ont été bonnes. La vis d’ostéosynthèse a été déposée un an plus tard. L’avulsion de cette dent, profondément incluse, par les techniques conventionnelles utilisant des instruments rotatifs aurait entraîné un délabrement important. Compte tenu de la situation inversée de l’axe de la dent, il aurait été difficile de la retirer par un abord palatin. De plus, son axe vertical compliquait la séparation couronne-racine, qui n’aurait été possible que par un accès nasal. Le choix d’une technique conservatrice de l’os (découpe puis repositionnement) semblait judicieux dans la mesure où il autorisait une bonne exposition du site et le morcellement cervical de la dent, tout en épargnant le volume osseux. Le fait de ne pas avoir décollé la muqueuse palatine a probablement contribué à la trophicité et la cicatrisation de l’ENA repositionnée. Les opérateurs ont pris le soin de ne pas placer la vis d’ostéosynthèse dans la suture entre les deux parties droite et gauche de l’ENA, afin de ne pas risquer de séparer ces deux os. Ce cas illustre une technique minimalement invasive qui a permis l’avulsion d’une dent surnuméraire profondément incluse en position verticale inversée, sans entraîner de lésion des dents voisines ni de la muqueuse nasale, tout en préservant le volume osseux de l’ENA.
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de Cidrac, L., L. Radoï, R. Pecorari et T. Nguyen. « Tumeur à cellules géantes : à propos d’un cas récidivant et agressif à localisation mandibulaire ». Dans 66ème Congrès de la SFCO. Les Ulis, France : EDP Sciences, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/sfco/20206603021.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Introduction : La tumeur à cellules géantes (TCG) est une lésion osseuse qui se développe préférentiellement au niveau de l’épiphyse des os longs chez des sujets de 20 à 40 ans, mais exceptionnellement au niveau des maxillaires. D’étiologie inconnue, elle fait partie du groupe des tumeurs osseuses bénignes. Ce groupe nosologique comprend le granulome central à cellules géantes (GCCG), le chérubisme, le kyste anévrismal ainsi que les TCG et les tumeurs brunes liées à l’hyperthyroïdie. L’histologie ne permet pas de poser un diagnostic de certitude entre la TCG et le GCCG. Cependant, les TCG présentent un tableau clinique plus agressif et récidivant. Il existe un risque de transformation maligne en sarcome dans 10 à 20% des cas (Barthélemy 2009) et un fort potentiel métastatique (Martin-Duverneuil 2004). Observation : Le cas rapporté est celui d’une patiente de 28 ans qui présentait une tuméfaction intrabuccale douloureuse de 35mm de grand axe, en distal de 47. Le Cone Beam (CBCT) montrait une lésion osseuse radioclaire sous-jacente de 22mm de grand axe, à proximité d’un apex résiduel de 48. Le diagnostic initial était celui d’un kyste résiduel compliqué d’une cellulite. Le traitement a consisté en une énucléation simple. L’examen anatomopathologique suspectait un granulome périphérique à cellules géantes (GPCG) avec atteinte osseuse. La patiente a été perdue de vue 4 mois jusqu’à la récidive de la lésion. Le nouveau CBCT montrait une lésion ostéolytique de 40mm de grand axe, au niveau de l’angle mandibulaire, envahissant la branche montante avec perforation des corticales et atteinte des tissus mous. Une chirurgie interruptrice mandibulaire en marges saines avec reconstruction par attelle en titane préformée a été réalisée. L’examen anatomopathologique de la pièce d’exérèse n’a pas pu conclure entre GCCG et TCG. La patiente a été suivie 2 ans sans récidive. Discussion : Contrairement au GPCG, le GCCG et la TCG se développent d’abord dans l’os spongieux puis de manière excentrique jusqu’aux corticales osseuses qui peuvent être détruites et aux tissus mous qui sont refoulés ou envahis. Le contenu est mou, de couleur brun-rouge, parfois vacuolaire ou hémorragique. L’examen histologique montre un stroma assez homogène, très vasculaire, contenant, à côté de cellules mononuclées, de grandes cellules multinucléées : les cellules géantes. Le nombre de noyaux serait corrélé avec l’agressivité de la tumeur (Ficarra 1987). Moins fréquente que le GCCG, la TCG est plus agressive. Elle récidive dans environ 50% des cas. La recommandation actuelle est de la traiter par exérèse chirurgicale réglée avec des limites histologiques saines. Le curetage est insuffisant pour prévenir le risque de récidive et de transformation maligne (Barthélémy 2009). Dans le cas rapporté, la forme particulièrement agressive de la tumeur chez cette jeune patiente (récidive en 4 mois avec perforation des corticales et envahissement des parties molles) nous a orienté vers le diagnostic de TCG et un traitement radical de sa récidive. Conclusion : La TCG nécessite un diagnostic précoce et une exérèse en marges saines dès la première intervention afin de diminuer le risque de récidive et d’éviter des traitements plus mutilants.
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Barbosa, Fábio C. « Competition Into Brazilian and North American Freight Rail Systems : A Comparative Regulatory Assessment ». Dans 2018 Joint Rail Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/jrc2018-6138.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Competition is the driving force of any economic system, as it creates a challenging environment for service suppliers to provide affordable and reliable services to customers. Rail systems are an important element of the logistic chain, as they provide a unique service category (generally transporting large volumes at low unit costs) to shippers that otherwise would not be serviced by other modes — the so called captive shippers. In this scenario, competition is essential to guarantee the required service levels (availability and reliability), followed by competitive rates, which ultimately may influence shippers’ business competitiveness, both regionally and globally. Brazil and some North American countries (Canada, Mexico and United States), have a common feature, i.e. continental territories allied with the economic exploitation of bulky activities (industrial, mineral and agricultural), and, hence, depend strongly on heavy haul rail systems. These countries have been performing a continuous effort on improving competition practices into their rail systems, which are translated into important, and sometimes controversial, regulatory measures. These initiatives require a tenuous equilibrium, as they are supposed to provide the required competitive service at affordable rates for shippers, as well as a sustainable (financial and operational) environment to rail carriers, to guarantee the required return on long term investments and avoid compromising medium and long term rail network efficiency. This challenging task for rail market stakeholders (rail carriers, shippers and regulators) is far from a consensus. Rail companies claim that, as a capital intensive sector, governmental regulatory intervention into the rail system may inhibit their ability to invest the required funds to provide and expand rail capacity, as well as the maintenance of the required safety levels. Shippers, on the other hand, state that rail systems operate within a strong market concentration (originally formatted or due to subsequent merges and acquisitions) that give some rail carriers a disproportionate market power, that resembles a monopoly, which ultimately leaves a significant contingent of the so called captive shippers with just one freight rail carrier option, sometimes subjected to excessive rates, and, in some special instances (into offer restricted rail markets, for example), are responsible for the unavailability of rail services into the required volumes. In this context, there is currently a controversial debate regarding the effectiveness of competitive regulatory remedies into freight rail systems. This debate includes both market oriented rail systems (Canadian and U.S.), as well as rail contractual granted ones (Brazilian and Mexican). In the formers, the systems are mostly owned and operated by the private sector, and inter and intra modal options may theoretically provide the required competition level, while in the latter, rail systems have been broken into separate pieces and granted to the private sector under a concession arrangement, followed by an exclusive right to serve their territories, with trackage rights provisions, to be exerted by third parties, under previously defined circumstances and subjected to contractual agreements among rail operators. In both systems, competitive regulatory actions may be desirable and effective, as far as they may address the technical-operational-economic boundary conditions of each particular rail system. This work is supposed to present, into a review format, sourced from an extensive research into available international technical literature, and gathered as a unique document, an overview of the Brazilian and North American freight rail competition scenario, followed by a technical and unbiased effectiveness’ assessment of current (existing) and proposed competitive regulatory freight rail initiatives into Brazil, Canada, Mexico and United States, highlighting their strengths and eventually their weaknesses.
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Nijhawan, Sunil. « Regulatory Actions That Hinder Development of Effective Risk Reduction Measures by the Nuclear Industry for Enhanced Severe Accident Prevention and Mitigation Measures After Fukushima ». Dans 2016 24th International Conference on Nuclear Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icone24-60700.
Texte intégralRésumé :
The official report of The Fukushima Nuclear Accident Independent Investigation Commission concluded that “The TEPCO Fukushima Nuclear Power Plant accident was the result of collusion between the government, the regulators and TEPCO, and the lack of governance by said parties. They effectively betrayed the nation’s right to be safe from nuclear accidents. Therefore, we conclude that the accident was clearly ‘manmade.’ We believe that the root causes were the organizational and regulatory systems that supported faulty rationales for decisions and actions, rather than issues relating to the competency of any specific individual.” This wakeup call for the nuclear power utilities should require a public review of their relationship with of regulators. However, severe accident related risk reduction is a relatively uncharted territory and given the apparent lack of in-house technical expertise, the regulators are heavily relying on the qualitative and ‘hand waving’ arguments being presented by the utilities inherently disinterested in further investments they are not required to make under original license conditions. As a result, it has accelerated further deterioration of the safety culture and emboldened many within the regulatory staff to undertake or support otherwise questionable decisions in support of the utilities that prefer status quo. Case in point is the Canadian Nuclear Safety Commission (CNSC) which mostly accepts any and all requests by the nuclear power industry. After Fukushima, the CNSC took a year to publish a set of ‘Action Items’ for the Canadian Nuclear industry to prepare plans over 3 years and then accepted most if not all submissions that in many cases barely addressed the already watered down recommendations. In some cases the solutions proposed by the industry were economically expedient but technically flawed; and some could even be considered dangerous. CNSC also published a study on consequences of a severe accident with a source term that was limited to the desirable safety goal (100 TBq of Cs-137), which coincidently years later matched the utility ‘calculations’, but orders of magnitude smaller than predicted by independent evaluations. As a result, some well publicized conclusions on the benign nature of consequences of a CANDU severe accident were made and the local and provincial agencies that actually are supposed to prepare off-site emergency measures were left with an incorrect picture of what havoc a severe accident can cause otherwise. CNSC then published a much publicized video highlighting the available operator actions to terminate the accident early and later a report outlining the accident progression for a severe accident without operator action with conclusions that were immediately technically suspect from a variety of aspects. The aim was to claim that a severe core damage accident has no unfavorable off-site consequences. The regulator effectively, in this case, comes across as a promoter for the industry it is legislated to regulate. The paper outlines examples of actions being taken by the regulators that hinder development of effective risk reduction measures by the industry which otherwise would be forced to undertake them if the regulators had not stepped on the plate to bat for them. They vary from letters to editors to silence any safety concerns raised by the public, muzzling of its own staff, trying to silence external specialists who question their wisdom on to blatant disregard for any intervention by public they are required to entertain by law but are accustomed to factually ignore or belittle. The paper also outlines a number of examples of actions that an independent regulator would undertake to reduce the risk and enhance the safety culture. The nuclear regulatory regimes work well generally but in cases where it does not, the results can be disastrous as evident from the events in Japan and as is building up in Canada. The paper also summarizes the disparities between the number of Regulatory Actions instituted by the CNSC against small companies that use nuclear substances for industrial applications and almost none actions against the nuclear power plant utilities it regularly grants a pass in spite of the larger risk their operations pose to public.
Rapports d'organisations sur le sujet "Intervention de tierces parties"
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Transparence et participation de tierces parties aux procédures de règlement des différends entre investisseurs et états. Organisation for Economic Co-Operation and Development (OECD), mai 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1787/613762812565.
Texte intégral