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Articles de revues sur le sujet « Introduction rule »

Auteur : Grafiati

Publié le 2 juin 2025

Mis à jour le 31 juillet 2025

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1

BIKAKIS, ANTONIS, PAUL FODOR, ADRIAN GIURCA, and LEORA MORGENSTERN. "Introduction to the special issue on the International Web Rule Symposia 2012–2014." Theory and Practice of Logic Programming 16, no. 3 (2016): 243–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1471068416000028.

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The annual International Web Rule Symposium (RuleML) is an international conference on research, applications, languages, and standards for rule technologies. It has evolved from an annual series of international workshops since 2002, international conferences in 2005 and 2006, and international symposia since 2007. It is the flagship event of the Rule Markup and Modeling Initiative (RuleML, http://ruleml.org), a nonprofit umbrella organization of several technical groups from academia, industry, and government working on rule technology and its applications. RuleML is the leading conference t

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Faggen, Jane. "Golden Rule Revisited: Introduction." Educational Measurement: Issues and Practice 6, no. 2 (1987): 5–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-3992.1987.tb00403.x.

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Gibbs, Tim, Laura Phillips, William Beinart, and Sinegugu Zukhulu. "Introduction: Revenues, Rule, Redistribution." Transformation: Critical Perspectives on Southern Africa 110, no. 1 (2022): 2–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/trn.2022.a905638.

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Coulter, Jeff. "Rule-Following, Rule-Governance and Rule-Accord." Journal of Classical Sociology 9, no. 4 (2009): 389–403. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1468795x09344449.

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In this discussion, I describe my introduction to Rawls’ famous paper on rules and situate this in a broader intellectual context. I then attempt to locate its significance within developments in linguistics (especially in speech-act analysis) and also in ethnomethodology. My main idea is that Rawls’ concept of a ‘constitutive rule’ is in deep harmony with many of Wittgenstein’s insights into the same thematic.

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Gorman, Sean, Dean Lusher, and Keir Reeves. "Introduction: the AFL's Rule 35." Sport in Society 19, no. 4 (2016): 472–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/17430437.2014.1002972.

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Montgomery, Michael. "Introduction to Variable Rule Analysis." Journal of English Linguistics 22, no. 1 (1989): 111–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/007542428902200116.

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Liberty, Kathleen A., and Norris G. Haring. "Introduction to Decision Rule Systems." Remedial and Special Education 11, no. 1 (1990): 32–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/074193259001100106.

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Čuroš, Peter. "Introduction." Oñati Socio-Legal Series 15, no. 2 (2025): 354–68. https://doi.org/10.35295/osls.iisl.2293.

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This issue examines the evolving discourse surrounding judicial independence and the rule of law, mainly, but not only in Central and Eastern European countries facing authoritarian challenges. This introduction emphasizes the importance of examining specific judiciaries, their histories, and ideological perception of judges. It presents outcomes from the Judges under Stress research project and its final conference at the University of Oslo in November 2022. Through a multidisciplinary approach, it investigates institutional path dependence, judicial ideology, and judicial resistance across v

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OLKHOVIKOV, GRIGORY K., and PETER SCHROEDER-HEISTER. "ON FLATTENING ELIMINATION RULES." Review of Symbolic Logic 7, no. 1 (2014): 60–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1755020313000385.

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AbstractIn proof-theoretic semantics of intuitionistic logic it is well known that elimination rules can be generated from introduction rules in a uniform way. If introduction rules discharge assumptions, the corresponding elimination rule is a rule of higher level, which allows one to discharge rules occurring as assumptions. In some cases, these uniformly generated elimination rules can be equivalently replaced with elimination rules that only discharge formulas or do not discharge any assumption at all—they can be flattened in a terminology proposed by Read. We show by an example from propo

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Szema, Imre, and Sarah Blacker. "INTRODUCTION: "Between the Exception and the Rule"." Public 25, no. 50 (2014): 7–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1386/public.25.50.7_1.

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Davies, Alan. "Introduction: Language Testing and the Golden Rule." Language Assessment Quarterly: An International Journal 1, no. 2&3 (2004): 97–107. http://dx.doi.org/10.1207/s15434311laq12&3_2.

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Türem, Z. Umut. "Introduction to mini dossier on exceptional rule." New Perspectives on Turkey 55 (November 2016): 3–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/npt.2016.21.

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Davies, Alan. "Introduction: Language Testing and the Golden Rule." Language Assessment Quarterly 1, no. 2-3 (2004): 97–107. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15434303.2004.9671778.

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Vidal, Nuno de Fragoso. "Introduction." Cadernos de Estudos Africanos, no. 47 (May 2, 2025): 7–10. https://doi.org/10.15847/cea47.41470.

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The political transition processes of the 1990s in Mozambique and Angola came short of expectations in terms of promoting effective pluralism and democratisation. Within a long historical tradition of authoritarianism, violence and autocratic rule, from the colonial period through the anti-colonial struggle and the so-called socialist single party period, former single parties won elections and retained power, re-legitimising (domestically and internationally) their autocratic and authoritarian governance and hegemony [...]

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Chao, Sophie, and Danielle Celermajer. "Introduction." Cultural Politics 19, no. 1 (2023): 1–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/17432197-10232431.

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Abstract This introduction to the special issue “Multispecies Justice” traces various histories and genealogies of multispecies justice, illuminating the critical contributions of Indigenous philosophies and lifeways and more recent justice movements and intellectual developments in the West. It emphasizes how these intellectual traditions are rooted in social and political movements spurred by the relentless violence against the more-than-human and the inadequacy of existing conceptualizations or institutions of justice. The introduction explains the issue's engagement with the relationship b

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Ostermann, Klaus, David Binder, Ingo Skupin, Tim Süberkrüb, and Paul Downen. "Introduction and elimination, left and right." Proceedings of the ACM on Programming Languages 6, ICFP (2022): 438–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3547637.

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Functional programming language design has been shaped by the framework of natural deduction, in which language constructs are divided into introduction and elimination rules for producers of values. In sequent calculus-based languages, left introduction rules replace (right) elimination rules and provide a dedicated sublanguage for consumers of values. In this paper, we present and analyze a wider design space of programming languages which encompasses four kinds of rules: Introduction and elimination, both left and right. We analyze the influence of rule choice on program structure and argue

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Hothi, Randeep Singh, Geoffrey Fitzgibbon Hughes, Neel Ahuja, Nathalia Silva Carneiro, Amanda Medeiros Oliveira, and Patrice D. Douglass. "Introduction." Journal of Legal Anthropology 7, no. 1 (2023): 78–109. http://dx.doi.org/10.3167/jla.2023.070105.

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This interdisciplinary forum convenes a wide-ranging conversation centred around the writings of Denise Ferreira da Silva, whose unrelenting inquiry locates the workings of raciality in the very constitution of the modern subject, and, relatedly, global and historical consciousness. Da Silva's excavation of raciality is consequently expansive in its implications and fundamental in its focus. Throughout her oeuvre, including Unpayable Debt (2022) and Toward a Global Idea of Race (2007), the crucial role of ‘law’ in legitimizing the modern, global racial and economic order remains a central prob

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Jovanović, Tatjana. "Did Tax Reform (Thin Capitalization Rule) from 2005 in Slovenia Achieve its Aim?" Lex localis - Journal of Local Self-Government 12, no. 2 (2014): 205–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.4335/12.2.205-224(2014).

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The thin capitalisation rule is the specific anti-avoidance rule which aims to protect national tax revenues from excessive debt financing of corporations. The literature indicates the effectiveness of thin capitalisation rules in limiting internal borrowing. Following in the footsteps of many countries, Slovenia introduced 'thin cap' rules via a tax reform in 2005. The paper focuses on testing whether the introduction of the rule in 2005 has affected the level of internal borrowing in enterprises which are 25% or more owned by foreign entities from the EU and, consequently, whether it has ach

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Kudrin, A. L., I. A. Sokolov, and O. V. Suchkova. "Assessing the impact of fiscal rules on the cyclicality of government expenditures." Voprosy Ekonomiki, no. 5 (May 5, 2023): 5–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.32609/0042-8736-2023-5-5-22.

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The paper analyzes the impact of fiscal rules on the cyclicality of non- interest public spending. It is concluded that for both developed and developing countries for 1995—2019 non-interest public spending is procyclical, and having at least one fiscal rule at the national level reduces the procyclicality of spending. The reaction to the introduction of a fiscal rule depends on the existence of institutional conditions for its successful application. The presence and rigidity of the rules are offset by the possible non-compliance with them. Fiscal rules are not a sufficient condition for a co

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López Astorga, Miguel. "The disjunction introduction rule: Syntactic and semantics considerations." Pragmalinguistica, no. 23 (2015): 142–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.25267/pragmalinguistica.2015.i23.08.

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van Lochem, Peter. "Legislation against the rule of law – an introduction." Theory and Practice of Legislation 5, no. 2 (2017): 95–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/20508840.2017.1387729.

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Feeley, Malcolm M. "An Introduction toLawyering for the Rule of Law." Jerusalem Review of Legal Studies 11, no. 1 (2015): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jrls/jlu025.

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Bunder, M. W. "Some consistency proofs and a characterization of inconsistency proofs in illative combinatory logic." Journal of Symbolic Logic 52, no. 1 (1987): 89–110. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2273864.

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It is well known that combinatory logic with unrestricted introduction and elimination rules for implication is inconsistent in the strong sense that an arbitrary term Y is provable. The simplest proof of this, now usually called Curry's paradox, involves for an arbitrary term Y, a term X defined by X = Y(CPy).The fact that X = PXY = X ⊃ Y is an essential part of the proof.The paradox can be avoided by placing restrictions on the implication introduction rule or on the axioms from which it can be proved.In this paper we determine the forms that must be taken by inconsistency proofs of systems

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Malagodi, Mara, Stefano Osella, and Elettra Stradella. "Introduction to the Special Section." European Constitutional Law Review 21, no. 1 (2025): 1–7. https://doi.org/10.1017/s1574019625000124.

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Newbury, Catharine. "Introduction: Paradoxes of Democratization in Africa." African Studies Review 37, no. 1 (1994): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0002020600009240.

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As demands for democracy have swept across the continent since 1989, dramatic change has affected states in sub-Saharan Africa. Frustrated by declining economies and the failures of incumbent governments, people from many different social strata have called for an end to authoritarian rule. Events in Eastern Europe have served as a catalyst, and donor pressures have sometimes acted to facilitate such movements; but the real impetus for change arises from internal struggles which have been incubating for several decades. In response, authoritarian states have moved to liberalize repressive stru

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Biran, Michal. "Introduction." Asiatische Studien - Études Asiatiques 71, no. 4 (2018): 1051–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/asia-2017-0015.

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Abstract The Mongol empire (1206–1368) caused massive transformations in the composition and functioning of elites across Eurasia. While the Mongols themselves obviously became the new Eurasian elite, their small number as compared to the huge territory over which they ruled and their initial inexperience in administrating sedentary realms meant that many of their subjects also became part of the new multi-ethnic imperial elite. Mongol preferences, and the high level of mobility—both spatial and social—that accompanied Mongol conquests and rule, dramatically changed the characteristics of elit

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Seybold, Paul G., Matthew J. O'Malley, Lemont B. Kier, and Chao-Kun Cheng. "Cellular Automata Simulations of Vapor–Liquid Equilibria." Australian Journal of Chemistry 59, no. 12 (2006): 865. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ch06230.

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Phase transitions and phase equilibria are among the most fundamental phenomena in the physical and environmental sciences. In the present work an asynchronous stochastic cellular automata model for the equilibrium between a liquid and its vapor is presented. The model is visual, dynamic, and employs just two rules—an attraction probability and a gravitational preference. Application of the attraction rule alone yields a ‘mist’ within the vapor, whereas application of the gravitational rule by itself yields an isothermal atmospheric profile. Application of both rules together causes the vapor

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Athanassakis, Apostolos N. "Introduction." Ramus 21, no. 1 (1992): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0048671x00002642.

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What we know of this poetry is woefully inadequate; nor can we ascribe this condition to the paucity of our texts; were a hundred odes to be unearthed tomorrow, we should proceed to assign their contents to the same complacent categories that are the badges of our present ignorance. In dealing with Pindar, misconceptions are the rule: the odes do not have a linear unity; the transitions are abrupt; the poet devotes much time to his personal preoccupations, triumphs and embarrassments, as well as to irrelevancies of other kinds. These myths have arisen from a failure to understand the conventio

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Demin, A. V., and D. K. Ponomaryov. "Machine Learning with Probabilistic Law Discovery: a Concise Introduction." Bulletin of Irkutsk State University. Series Mathematics 43 (2022): 91–109. http://dx.doi.org/10.26516/1997-7670.2023.43.91.

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Probabilistic Law Discovery (PLD) is a logic based Machine Learning method, which implements a variant of probabilistic rule learning. In several aspects, PLD is close to Decision Tree/Random Forest methods, but it differs significantly in how relevant rules are defined. The learning procedure of PLD solves the optimization problem related to the search for rules (called probabilistic laws), which have a minimal length and relatively high probability. At inference, ensembles of these rules are used for prediction. Probabilistic laws are human-readable and PLD based models are transparent and i

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Ladwig, Patrice, and Ricardo Roque. "Introduction." Social Analysis 62, no. 2 (2018): 1–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.3167/sa.2018.620201.

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Engaging critically with literature on mimesis, colonialism, and the state in anthropology and history, this introduction argues for an approach to mimesis and imitation as constitutive of the state and its forms of rule and governmentality in the context of late European colonialism. It explores how the colonial state attempted to administer, control, and integrate its indigenous subjects through mimetic policies of governance, while examining how indigenous polities adopted imitative practices in order to establish reciprocal ties with, or to resist the presence of, the colonial state. In in

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Cohen, Mathilde, and Sarah Mazouz. "Introduction." French Politics, Culture & Society 39, no. 2 (2021): 1–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.3167/fpcs.2021.390201.

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France is an overwhelmingly majority-White nation. Yet the French majority is reluctant to identify as White, and French social science has tended to eschew Whiteness as an object of inquiry. Inspired by critical race theory and critical Whiteness studies, this interdisciplinary special issue offers a new look at White identities in France. It does so not to recenter Whiteness by giving it prominence, but to expose and critique White dominance. This introduction examines the global and local dimensions of Whiteness, before identifying three salient dimensions of its French version: the ideolog

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KIRMAN, ALAN. "INTRODUCTION." Macroeconomic Dynamics 11, S1 (2007): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1365100507060282.

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This issue contributes to the discussion of the relation between individual and aggregate behavior. The basic feature of all the models presented is that they allow for direct interaction between the individuals. This, it is shown, leads to a number of interesting phenomena that are difficult to account for in standard models. The basic message is that the inclusion of heterogeneous interacting agents allows us to escape from the pitfalls associated with the reduction to a representative individual and furthermore to show that aggregates will, in general, have behavior that is different from t

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Kolsky, Elizabeth. "Introduction." Law and History Review 28, no. 4 (2010): 973–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0738248010000738.

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How do we understand the relationship between law, power, and agency in colonial contexts? Broadly speaking, scholarly opinion is divided between those who view law as a core instrument of colonial control and those who emphasize the ways in which the complexities and ambiguities of colonial legal rule created room for maneuver and manipulation. The articles in this forum skillfully advance our insight into these issues by analyzing the workings of the personal law system in British India, with an emphasis on laws related to marriage. My introductory essay briefly summarizes the two primary ap

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Tinkelman, Daniel P. "An Imperfect Measurement System Introduction to Accounting." Issues in Accounting Education 26, no. 4 (2011): 845–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.2308/iace-50072.

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ABSTRACT The process of measuring, and reporting measurements, is fundamental in scientific and business activity. I propose introducing accounting as an example of a measurement system, albeit an imperfect one. The accounting measurement system includes: users and their decision models, attributes of objects to be measured, measurement rules, methods of accumulating measurements, reports, rule-makers, measurers, and verifiers. By looking at how accounting measures different business activities, this approach encourages the teaching of general measurement, reporting, and analytical skills. (Fo

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Ickiewicz-Sawicka, Magdalena. "Demokratyczne rządy prawa versus klanowo-plemienne prawo zwyczajowe – bałkańskie odniesienia na przykładzie Albanii i Kosowa (wprowadzenie do dalszych analiz)." Studia Środkowoeuropejskie i Bałkanistyczne 31 (December 14, 2022): 143–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.4467/2543733xssb.22.007.16709.

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Democratic Rule of Law Versus Clan-Tribal Custom Law – Balkan References on the Example of Albania and Kosovo (Introduction to Further Analyses) Statutory law based on the philosophy and doctrine of Roman law is the basic principle of organization, management and functioning of modern state bodies, assuming the form of a democratic state ruled by law. At the same time, the alternative (already existing in antiquity) organization of social life was primeval communities, the identity of which was shaped and sustained by clantribal rules of a hierarchically shaped community. The text consists of

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Gabbay, Dov M., and Ruy J. G. B. de Queiroz. "Extending the Curry-Howard interpretation to linear, relevant and other resource logics." Journal of Symbolic Logic 57, no. 4 (1992): 1319–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2275370.

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The so-called Curry-Howard interpretation (Curry [1934], Curry and Feys [1958], Howard [1969], Tait [1965]) is known to provide a rather neat term-functional account of intuitionistic implication. Could one refine the interpretation to obtain an almost as good account of other neighbouring implications, including the so-called ‘resource’ implications (e.g. linear, relevant, etc.)?We answer this question positively by demonstrating that just by working with side conditions on the rule of assertability conditions for the connective representing implication (‘→’) one can characterise those ‘resou

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Park, Won Suk. "Introduction to the Rule Book of Pancreatobiliary Endoscopy Certification." Korean Journal of Pancreas and Biliary Tract 26, no. 4 (2021): 224–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.15279/kpba.2021.26.4.224.

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An endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) procedure requires the highest level of difficulty among endoscopic procedures and the complications related to the procedure is relatively high, and fatal. Training in ERCP requires the development of technical, cognitive, and integrative skills well beyond those needed for standard endoscopic procedures. Therefore, a system that certifies qualifications through objective and systematic training and examination is needed to improve patient safety and quality of medical services. This manuscript introduces a set of rules that contain all

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Chen, Zixuan, Jiepin Ding, Zhiguang Zhou, Yin Zhu, and Wenyu Zhang. "Application of Association Rule Mining in Talent Introduction Analysis." Science Journal of Applied Mathematics and Statistics 7, no. 3 (2019): 45. http://dx.doi.org/10.11648/j.sjams.20190703.13.

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McCaskie, Tom. "African mediators, the Asante and British colonial rule: Introduction." Africa 88, no. 2 (2018): 203–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0001972017000870.

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Kühn, Clemens, and Katja Hillmann. "Rule-based modeling of labor market dynamics: an introduction." Journal of Economic Interaction and Coordination 11, no. 1 (2014): 57–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11403-014-0139-z.

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Sijpesteijn, Petra M., and Alon Dar. "Introduction." Al-ʿUsur al-Wusta 30 (December 1, 2022): 435–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.52214/uw.v30i.9995.

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This thematic dossier is a product of the ongoing research project “Embedding conquest: Naturalising Muslim rule in the early Islamic Empire (600–1000 CE)” (EmCo), financed by the European Research Council. EmCo examines how interdependent relationships between individuals and groups contributed to the early caliphate’s longevity and success. One way to understand how these relationships functioned—including what expectations of rights and responsibilities they produced; how they were established, maintained, broken, and restored; who was involved in making and entitled to make decisions about

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Fallon, Gayle. "Introduction." Bulletin of the International Association for Robin Hood Studies 6, no. 1 (2025): 1–6. https://doi.org/10.33043/biarhs.6.1.1-6.

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This introduction to “The Ludic Outlaw: Medievalism, Games, Sport, and Play,” a special issue of The Bulletin of the Association for Robin Hood Studies, traces the origins and history of Robin Hood’s association with games and gaming. As a regular fixture at May games and Whitsun ales, the medieval Robin Hood figure facilitated competitive play and encouraged festivalgoers to donate money to communal causes. At times, Robin Hood merged with the May King figure, a lord of (mis)rule who could supervise both carnivalesque celebration and military exercises. In his modern iterations, the ludic Rob

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Tingle, John, and Amanda Cattini. "Martha's Rule and NHS patient safety." British Journal of Nursing 32, no. 18 (2023): 908–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.12968/bjon.2023.32.18.908.

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Logan, S. R. "The Rationale of Trouton's Rule and of the Trouton-Hildebrand-Everett Rule." Zeitschrift für Naturforschung A 51, no. 12 (1996): 1247–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/zna-1996-1215.

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Abstract In seeking a rational basis for the general rules regarding the enthalpy of vaporisation of a liquid, it is shown that whereas Trouton's Rule is consistent with the assumption that the effective molar volume, v, for translational motion in the liquid is a constant fraction (2 x 10-5) of the molar volume of vapour at 1 atm, the rather better approximation of Trouton, Hildebrand and Everett (THE), which corrects for the effects of varying molecular density in the vapour, re-quires that v be 1.5 cm3 mol-1 for all substances. The introduction of the apparently more reasonable assumption t

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Shoucair, Emma. "Cabining Judicial Discretion Over Forensic Evidence with a New Special Relevance Rule." Michigan Law Review, no. 117.1 (2018): 173. http://dx.doi.org/10.36644/mlr.117.1.cabining.

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Modern forensic evidence suffers from a number of flaws, including insufficient scientific grounding, exaggerated testimony, lack of uniform best practices, and an inefficacious standard for admission that regularly allows judges to admit scientifically unsound evidence. This Note discusses these problems, lays out the current landscape of forensic science reform, and suggests the addition of a new special relevance rule to the Federal Rules of Evidence (and similar rules in state evidence codes). This proposed rule would cabin judicial discretion to admit non-DNA forensic evidence by barring

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Forteza, Antoni Bergas. "Convergence between the Subject to Tax Rule (Pillar Two) and the Proposal for a Council Directive on a Common System of Taxation Applicable to Interest and Royalty Payments Made between Associated Companies of Different Member States." EC Tax Review 33, Issue 4 (2024): 172–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.54648/ecta2024017.

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During recent years, the OECD has carried out continuous work regarding the development of the rules that make up Pillar Two, that is, the Income Inclusion Rule (IIR) and the Under taxed Payments Rule (UTPR). Along these same lines, the European Union has followed the same steps and has developed the normative introduction of the same rules. Now, with respect to the Subject to Tax Rule (STTR), because it is applicable through a bilateral tax treaty, its inclusion at the European regulatory level is not so direct; however, there are regulatory proposals capable of providing a tax response simil

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Goulding, Marc, Teresa Meade, and Margaret Power. "Editors’ Introduction." Radical History Review 2023, no. 146 (2023): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/01636545-10302793.

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Abstract This essay explores several key themes regarding political imprisonment and confinement. Neither governments nor activists agree on who is and who is not a political prisoner. Governments routinely deny they imprison people for political reasons. Instead, they consistently seek to criminalize those they detain as part of their effort to maintain the legitimacy of their rule and delegitimize those who act against it. A common definition of who is and who is not a political prisoner does not exist among prisoners, activists, or supporters. No international organizations or national bodi

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Snellman, Alex, and Kristiina Kalleinen. "Introduction: Finland in Imperial Context." Journal of Finnish Studies 25, no. 2 (2022): 143–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.5406/28315081.25.2.01.

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Abstract “Imperial Era,” this special issue of the Journal of Finnish Studies, presents a selection of articles that describe Finland in the context of the Russian Empire. In this introductory article, “Finland in Imperial Context,” the authors sketch the historical background for the specialized articles. They present key features in the history of the Grand Duchy of Finland during its period of Russian rule (1809–1917), that is, after the Napoleonic Wars and before the Russian Revolution, after Swedish rule and before independence. The importance of understanding Finland in imperial context—

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Moine, Fabienne. "Introduction: The Value of Institutional Poetry." Global Nineteenth-Century Studies 3, no. 1 (2024): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.3828/gncs.2024.1.

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This special issue focuses on institution-based poetry in Britain and its empire. It explores the links between institutions and poetry and how institutions and institutional systems, while imposing their systems of rules, also encouraged the production of poetry. The articles examine how institutional poets questioned Britain’s systems of rule and its global hegemonic power. The introduction to the volume opens with the historiography of institutions – gradually viewed as social institutions rather than mere administrative entities – progressively giving pride of place to the study of individ

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Malherbe, Jacques. "BEPS: The Issues of Dispute Resolution and Introduction of a Multilateral Treaty." Intertax 43, Issue 1 (2015): 91–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.54648/taxi2015008.

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Any new international rule is liable to engender new disputes between States and/or States and citizens. Where a number of countries are concerned, dispute resolution is facilitated if mechanisms are provided in a multilateral treaty. So, why not embody the substantive rules themselves in such an instrument? There is a certain logic to dealing with these two problems simultaneously, insofar as they are raised by the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD's) Base erosion and profit shifting (BEPS) Action Plan.

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