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1

Gigi, Moti. « Relations between Development Towns and Kibbutzim ». Israel Studies Review 33, no 3 (1 décembre 2018) : 121–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.3167/isr.2018.330308.

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Until the 1970s, the few interactions between Sderot and the neighboring kibbutzim in the Sha’ar HaNegev Regional Council revolved around the kibbutzim’s economic and political dominance. As political resistance to this control increased, kibbutz members became worried about the consequences of segregation and economic exploitation and wished to alter these problematic relations. Thus, the Sderot–Sha’ar HaNegev partnership program, which aimed to create a shift in the relational structure, was established. This article analyzes the power dynamics between Sderot residents and the kibbutzim during the program’s operation. The partnership, although expected to reduce segregation and change the power relations between the communities, did not bring about a transformation from paternalism to partnership, but rather evolved from dominance to hegemony. Although the hierarchical relations are still in place, the interaction between spatial, class, and identity elements has created new ways in which the relationship operates up to the present day.
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Abramitzky, Ran. « Lessons from the Kibbutz on the Equality–Incentives Trade-off ». Journal of Economic Perspectives 25, no 1 (1 février 2011) : 185–208. http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/jep.25.1.185.

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The first kibbutzwas established southwest of the Sea of Galilee in 1910, but the vast majority of kibbutzim were established in the 1930s and 1940s, shortly before the creation of the state of Israel in 1948. Founders aimed to create a “new human being” who cared about the group more than about himself, a homo sociologicus who would challenge the selfish homo economicus. This idealistic view can explain many of the key features of kibbutzim: equal sharing in the distribution of income; no private property; a noncash economy; communal dining halls where members ate their meals together; high provision of local public goods for use by kibbutz members; separate communal residences for children outside their parents homes, which were supposed to free women from their traditional role in society and allow them to be treated equally with men; collective education to instill socialist and Zionist values; communal production, whereby kibbutz members worked inside their kibbutzim in agriculture or in one of the kibbutz plants; and no use of hired labor from outside kibbutzim—because hiring labor was considered “exploitation” under the reigning socialist ideology. To an economist, steeped in thinking about incentives that self-interested individuals face, there are three reasons why an equal-sharing arrangement of this sort seems unlikely to last. First, high-ability members have an incentive to exit equal sharing arrangements to earn a wage premium—so-called “brain drain.” Second, low-ability individuals have an incentive to enter equal-sharing arrangements so that they can be subsidized by more-able individuals—so-called adverse selection. Third, in context of equal sharing, shirking and free-riding are likely to be prevalent. However, kibbutzim have survived successfully for the past century and currently consist of 120,000 members living in 268 kibbutzim. In a number of ways, the kibbutzim offer an exceptional environment to examine the potential trade-off between equality and incentives.
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MILOE, HAMOTAL, et ISRAEL DORON. « Social values and the role of law : the use of legal planning tools for old age by privatised and non-privatised Kibbutz members ». Ageing and Society 34, no 5 (20 décembre 2012) : 820–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0144686x12001286.

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ABSTRACTHistorically, the Kibbutzim in Israel were established as collective, socialist communities. However, since the 1980s, the Kibbutz movement has undergone profound social processes. One of the outcomes of these processes was the privatisation of the Kibbutz. The goal of this study was to examine the relationship between the socio-legal structure of the Kibbutz (i.e. non-privatised versus privatised) and the awareness, knowledge and usage of legal planning tools for old age. Using a quantitative research method, a closed questionnaire was designed and distributed to a non-probability convenience sample, consisting of 295 respondents, of them 137 (46%) from traditional Kibbutzim and 158 (54%) from privatised Kibbutzim. Five different legal tools were examined: private pension; private long-term care insurance; advanced health-care directive, will, and organ donation. According to findings, on average, members of privatised Kibbutzim reported higher levels of awareness, knowledge and usage regarding legal planning tools for old age. These findings support other studies that point to the relationships between societal values (collectivist versus individualistic) and social policies regarding older persons – in general, and legal policies in the field of law and ageing – in specific. It is expected that a shift toward a more individualistic value-based society will increase the awareness and usage of individually based legal planning tools for old age.
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Moskovich, Yaffa. « Loss of organizational solidarity in three kibbutz factories ». International Journal of Sociology and Social Policy 36, no 5/6 (13 juin 2016) : 358–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijssp-05-2015-0053.

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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to study the loss of solidarity in three kibbutz factories as an outcome of the process of privatization in their kibbutz communities. Design/methodology/approach – The research was a qualitative investigation, including interviews in three factories. Findings – The research found high a sense of vertical and horizontal solidarity before the privatization. The solidarity stemmed from socialistic principles of the kibbutzim (plural of kibbutz) and their factories functioned as an extension of the kibbutz clan: close inter-personal relationships, a devotion to collective needs and democratic decision making in the kibbutz general assembly directly influencing the factories. After the privatization, the organizational solidarity decreased because of formal and procedural issues: the factory became hierarchical, work conditions deteriorated and the familiar spirit of the clan vanished. Research limitations/implications – There are more than 130 kibbutz factories, most of them in privatized kibbutzim. This paper presents only three of those factories, so it can only represent preliminary and partial findings. It is important to extend this research to examine other kibbutz factories. Practical implications – The research suggests how factories, in kibbutzim and throughout the world, could respond to weak organizational solidarity: to increase trust and cooperation between management, to create flexible working conditions and to achieve higher productivity. Originality/value – This is the first study to focus on kibbutz enterprises through the sociological lens of the solidarity theory. Previously, most post-privatization research has focussed on economic questions of profitability.
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Justman, Moshe, et Yaakov Gilboa. « The Scope for Promoting Equal Opportunity in Education : Evidence from the Kibbutz ». Education Finance and Policy 7, no 4 (octobre 2012) : 489–515. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/edfp_a_00077.

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We compare the link between parents’ schooling and their children’s college-entrance test scores in Israeli kibbutzim (communal villages) and in the general population. Though kibbutzim are committed to an egalitarian ethos and provide all kibbutz children with similar need-based access to educational resources, we still find a substantial link between kibbutz parents’ schooling and their children’s test scores—roughly three-fifths its size in the general population. This confirms the importance of non-pecuniary channels of parental influence on education and provides an informative reference point on the practical scope for reducing origin dependence in education through public policy.
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Herishanu, Y. O., E. Kordysh et J. R. Goldsmith. « A Case-Referent Study of Extrapyramidal Signs (Preparkinsonism) in Rural Communities of Israel ». Canadian Journal of Neurological Sciences / Journal Canadien des Sciences Neurologiques 25, no 2 (mai 1998) : 127–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0317167100033734.

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ABSTRACT:Background:In previous studies we reported an increased prevalence of Parkinson's disease in several kibbutzim of Southern Israel (cluster kibbutzim). Subsequent studies revealed a significant prevalence of subjects presenting extrapyramidal signs (preparkinsonism) in the same kibbutzim. On follow-up worsening of these signs was observed in some of the older subjects, some of them actually being diagnosed as suffering from I-Dopa responsive Parkinson's disease. The current study was designed to evaluate possible etiologic factors for the development of preparkinsonism.Methods:317 subjects over the age of 40, living in five kibbutzim were examined and interviewed. 95 subjects presenting extrapyramidal signs were compared with 95 control subjects. They were matched for age, sex and length of residence in the kibbutz. Odds ratios were computed to identify exposure variables for logistic regression analyses. Detectors for carbamates and organic phosphates were applied at different sites of these kibbutzim.Results:The severity and frequency of the extrapyramidal signs were higher in the older age groups, more in the “cluster”, than in other kibbutzim. A very strong association was found between field crop work exposure, particularly cotton, and preparkinsonism (p = 0.0007) and a slightly weaker association for landscape work. The detectors picked up abundant pesticide traces (carbamates and organic phosphates) in the residential areas fairly distant from sites of aerial spray.Conclusion:We assume a chronic passive exposure of the residents in these kibbutzim to pesticides, in addition to any occupational exposures.
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Sade, Yael, et Eyal Lewin. « The Use of Internal Governance in the Renewed Kibbutz as a Tool for Social Maintenance and Development ». Comparative Sociology 19, no 1 (20 mars 2020) : 69–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15691330-bja10002.

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Abstract The kibbutzim were established over a century ago, obtaining their power from communist and socialist ideologies. In spite of enormous changes, all over the world as well as in Israel, particularly the collapse of Communism and the rise of a capitalistic liberal Western lifestyle, the kibbutzim have maintained their basic social structure. Consequently, the question this research examines is what exactly are the social mechanisms that have enabled this continuity over the years. The answer that this article presents focuses on internal governance as a democratic apparatus. Given that the study of internal governance is an accepted method, the authors surveyed internal governance documents that relate to education and that are openly presented to the general public on the renewal kibbutzim sites. The authors fostered a holistic model developed by Rosenthal (1980), in order to indicate the exact roles of internal governance. Their findings establish the concept that internal governance proves to be a good option for community development and preservation. However, there seems to be a lack of awareness of the possibility of using internal governance more widely as a factor that contributes to the development and preservation of the kibbutz.
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Bowes, Alison M. « The Experiment That did not Fail : Image and Reality in the Israeli Kibbutz ». International Journal of Middle East Studies 22, no 1 (février 1990) : 85–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0020743800033195.

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The kibbutzim of Israel show the world that communal living can be successful, and many observers have asked the questions: Can this success be repeated elsewhere? What are its lessons for other societies? In sociology, the validity and importance of comparative study and the intrinsic interest of the kibbutz way of life cannot be denied.
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Kaye, Alexander. « Religion, Law, and the Dynamics of Intellectual Transmission : Weimar Jurisprudence among Religious Socialists in Israel ». Law and History Review 40, no 2 (mai 2022) : 305–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0738248022000049.

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Weimar legal philosophy enjoyed a surprising prominence in religious kibbutzim. These were communities, established in Palestine/Israel, whose members attempted to create revolutionary utopian societies organized around the principles of socialism, Jewish nationalism, and Orthodox Jewish law. The kibbutzim existed under the shadow of a double crisis: the economic and social upheaval of the era, and the intellectual and spiritual challenge of synthesizing the diverse world views to which they were committed. Remarkably, the legal philosophy developed by the jurists of Weimar Germany – Hans Kelsen and Gustav Radbruch in particular – provided an intellectual framework by which the thinkers of the religious kibbutz navigated these crises.This article identifies references to Weimar jurisprudence in the discourse of the religious kibbutz, and addresses how and why kibbutz thinkers used it to think through issues that were so far removed from interwar Germany. It also expands our understanding of legal and historical phenomena in general, beyond the confines of the study of Israel or Judaism. It explores the ways that jurisprudence may be employed in religious and social thought. It also demonstrates how legal ideas flow along paths of immigration and intellectual exchange, how they can be applied by diverse actors in very different social circumstances, and how law and legal transplants operate, even outside the context of the state.
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Cohen-Mansfield, Jiska, et Uriel Leviatan. « The Importance of the Work Role for Aged Kibbutz Members ». Canadian Journal of Community Mental Health 11, no 2 (1 septembre 1992) : 35–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.7870/cjcmh-1992-0011.

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This paper investigates the importance of the work role for elderly people and how it contributes to life satisfaction. Data from the kibbutz population, where gradual retirement is practiced, show that elderly people in the kibbutz clearly wish to continue work as long as possible. Results also indicate that the wish to continue working is coupled with the work domain having a primary importance in their lives. The societal arrangements of the kibbutzim with regard to the work of the elderly seem to facilitate utilization of the work role for the elderly population.
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11

Moskovich, Yaffa. « Family Home Business in Kibbutz Industry Sustainability ». Sustainability 12, no 13 (3 juillet 2020) : 5388. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12135388.

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This study defines and examines kibbutz industries as an expanded form of family business. It explores the sociological characteristics of this new type of enterprise, extending familial business culture theory innovatively by adding a new category of business to those already described in the relevant literature. The research addressed multiple case studies, using anthropological interviews and document analysis methods to explore three new familial types: 1. Communal Familial Type, Kibbutz industries that are still communal and have retained familial attributes; 2. Business Communal Familial Type, Kibbutz industries that have undergone privatization, retaining only half the communal cultural features typical of kibbutzim and displaying greater business orientation; 3. Business Type, Kibbutz industries that have lost their familial attributes or communal cultural features. The first two types maintain kibbutz community and industrial sustainability, while the last can be a threat to kibbutz sustainability.
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Bar Or, Galia. « The Founding Contexts of Kibbutz Museums and the Case of the Mishkan Museum of Art, Ein Harod ». Images 9, no 1 (22 mai 2016) : 105–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/18718000-12340058.

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This article surveys the circumstances in which kibbutzim built museums between the 1930s and the 1960s. It focuses on the two largest kibbutz movements and their divergent attitudes to the founding of museums, to art, and to the role of artists in society. In particular, this paper examines the case history of the first art museum to be built in a kibbutz—at Ein Harod, the birthplace of the largest kibbutz movement, the Kibbutz Meuhad. This movement envisioned and promoted a “city/village” form of habitat where agriculture and industry, manual and intellectual labor could co-exist. The article’s analysis of the social construction of space shows how the dynamic network of diachronic and synchronic contexts structures the potential meaning of a particular museum, its status and eventually, its fate.
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Fattal, B., P. Yekutiel, Y. Wax et H. I. Shuval. « Prospective Epidemiological Study of Health Risks Associated with Wastewater Utilization in Agriculture ». Water Science and Technology 18, no 10 (1 octobre 1986) : 199–209. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1986.0130.

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A prospective epidemiological morbidity and aerology study was carried out in Israel in 1980/82 on the association between enteric disease incidence and wastewater utilization in 29 kibbutzim - collective agricultural communities (population 15 605). Analysis of morbidity data indicates that no significant excess of enteric disease episode rates was found in any age group, including the 0-5 year old age group, or in any occupational group, in kibbutzim exposed to wastewater aerosols versus kibbutzim using wastewater but not exposed to aerosols, or kibbutzim not exposed to wastewater in any form. Results of viral antibodies in blood sera of a subsample of the population generally confirmed the findings of the morbidity study. Of 8 enteroviruses tested no excess in antibody level was found in the population, exposed to aerosolized wastewater versus the control kibbutzim. However, a consistent and significant excess of prevalence for ECHO 4 virus antibodies was found in the 0–5 year old age group in kibbutzim exposed to aerosolized wastewater from nearby towns as compared with all other populations (p<0.001). No excess of morbidity was detected, however, in this group. A significant excess in the percentage of sera positives was found for Legionella pneumophila (serogroup 1–8) among all water contact workers versus nonwater contact control group workers (4.5% vs 1.5%). However, no differences were found between waste water-contact and clean water-contact workers. In field studies, aerosolized enteric bacteria and viruses of wastewater origin were detected in air samples as far as 730 m downwind of wastewater sprinkler irrigated plots.
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Leviatan, Uriel. « Physical Social Capital and Psychosocial Social Capital as Mediators Between Socio-economic Inequality and Expressions of Well-being and Health in Israeli Kibbutz Populations ». Psychology and Developing Societies 29, no 2 (septembre 2017) : 160–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0971333617716836.

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A large number of studies show that degree of socio-economic inequality ‘within’ a social entity negatively determines levels of well-being and life expectancy, and is positively associated with morbidity and mortality. This relationship holds over and above the impact of average income level. This initially suggested model put forward a causal flow with mediating variables of ‘relative deprivation’ and followed it up with the expressions of ‘social capital’ in the social psychological sense. This article tests, besides these, the role of an additional (relatively little referred to) mediating set of variables between economic inequality and measures of well-being and health, namely levels of physical investments by society (physical social capital [PHSC]) for fulfilling its individual members’ needs. It is proposed that the higher the level of inequality, the lower would be a society’s investments in PHSC (such as in education, health services, job creation, ecology conservation, public transportation and the like) that contribute to health, well-being and survival. The proposition is tested out in two kinds of kibbutz communities: one, ‘traditional’ with strong adherence to social and economic equality among members; and another, ‘transformed’ kibbutzim, where salaries are differential and are based on position or occupation. The two groups of kibbutzim were roughly equated on size, years since settlement, political belonging, economic standing and geographical location. Findings show that the degree of inequality is associated with the level of both psychosocial social capital and PHSC, which in turn contribute independently and cumulatively to levels of peoples’ health and well-being. Transformed kibbutzim are seen as an expression of neoliberal ideology results in the negative effects on health and well-being of individuals and their communities.
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Munin, Nellie. « Collectivism vs. individualism : Can the EU learn from the history of the Israeli Kibbutz ? » Bratislava Law Review 1, no 1 (1 octobre 2017) : 29–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.46282/blr.2017.1.1.68.

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The EU seems to share some basic characteristics with the original model of the Israeli Kibbutz: both aim at enhancing a society based on solidarity and mutual guarantee, where members’ contribution is proportional to their abilities while their benefits are determined according to their needs. Both are underlined by the perception of subsidiarity, according to which the alliance is stronger than each of its individual members and can thus enhance their welfare more efficiently. On the other hand, both the Kibbutz and the EU were or are facing similar dilemmas. This paper reviews the efforts of Israeli Kibbutzim to encounter these challenges throughout their history, assessing whether a lesson relevant to current EU dilemmas can be drawn.
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Guttman-Bass, N., N. M. Noe et B. Fattal. « Microbiological Content and Health Effect of Fishponds Enriched with Wastewater Effluent ». Water Science and Technology 18, no 10 (1 octobre 1986) : 211–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1986.0131.

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During July to December 1980, a study was carried out on kibbutzim (cooperative agricultural settlements) in Israel, to determine the microbiological quality and health effect of fishponds enriched with human wastewater. Ponds on seven kibbutzim were sampled, two of which were chosen for intensive study: one (B231) used domestic wastewater effluent as a fish pond supplement, while the other (C252) used only animal wastes as a supplement. Thirty-eight (38) water samples were assayed for total and fecal coliform. The use of wastewater in the ponds did not consistently increase the levels of the indicator bacteria, in comparison with unenriched ponds. Fish were assayed for coliform and fecal coliform levels in their intestinal tracts and muscle tissue. No consistent difference was found as a result of wastewater enrichment. Salmonella strains were isolated from ponds or fish not exposed to human wastewater, while enteroviruses (poliovirus) were isolated from water from a pond enriched with human wastewater. Analysis of morbidity data showed no significant excess in enteric disease rates among the total population or among fishpond workers on kibbutzim using wastewater for fishpond enrichment, in comparison with kibbutzim not using human wastewater in their fishpond.
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Herishanu, Y. O., J. R. Goldsmith, J. M. Abarbanel et Z. Weinbaum. « Clustering of Parkinson's Disease in Southern Israel ». Canadian Journal of Neurological Sciences / Journal Canadien des Sciences Neurologiques 16, no 4 (novembre 1989) : 402–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0317167100029462.

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ABSTRACT:On three adjacent kibbutzim (collective rural communities) in the Negev (Southern Israel) 13 parkinsonian patients were found among a population of 592 persons 40 years or older. The clinical picture was not different from that of patients from other areas with idiopathic parkinsonism. Long term residence in the kibbutzim is characteristic of this population. In the past most of the drinking water has been supplied by wells from a common aquifer. From other patients with Parkinson's disease in the Negev, we estimated the age-specific incidence for the region. The incidence is about five times greater in each of these kibbutzim than in the remainder of the Negev. Although associations with rural residence and well water use have been reported elsewhere, clusters of this sort have not been reported. They strongly suggest that a common environmental factor exists.
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Weiss, Shoshana. « “Alcohol and Drunkenness”—An Innovative Curriculum for the Kibbutz Movement in Israel : A Model for Adapting General Prevention Programs to Special Populations ». Journal of Drug Education 18, no 4 (décembre 1988) : 267–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.2190/qtrg-63dq-6mm2-a02g.

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The “Alcohol and Drunkenness” program was originated in 1979–1984 and is designed to provide Israel high school students with the knowledge, values, and skills necessary to prevent excessive drinking. The purpose of this article is to describe the development of the “kibbutz version” of the program “Alcohol and Drunkenness” for the kibbutz movement. The preparation of the “kibbutz version” was supported by the Israeli Ministry of Education and Culture, the Department of Prevention and Treatment of Alcoholism in the Ministry of Labour and Social Affairs, the Israel Society for the Prevention of Alcoholism, and the Kibbutz Movement. The article describes the changes in values and norms in the kibbutzim in recent years, the detailed modification of the original curriculum in accordance with its new target population and educational setting, as well as, the program's new structure and subjects. Descriptions of the problems which were encountered during program modification, along with the creative responses which were taken to address such difficulties, are also included. The process of building the “kibbutz version” can serve as a model for adapting homogenizing educational prevention programs to special students' populations—specific groups having unique needs, characteristics, and abilities.
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Amiel, Yoram, Frank Cowell et Avraham Polovin. « Inequality among the Kibbutzim ». Economica 63, no 250 (1996) : S63. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2554809.

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Veerman, Philip E. « Foster Families in Kibbutzim ». Adoption & ; Fostering 13, no 2 (juillet 1989) : 48–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/030857598901300211.

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Richman, Charles L. « Kibbutzim in Constant Transition ». Psychology and Developing Societies 16, no 2 (septembre 2004) : 125–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/097133360401600203.

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Niv, Yaron. « The Prevalence of Crohn’s Disease in the Israeli Kibbutz Population ». Canadian Journal of Gastroenterology 5, no 3 (1991) : 91–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/1991/393429.

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An epidemiological study of Crohn’s disease was performed in 279 Israeli Kibbutzim (rural communities) (population 121,403). The prevalence on December 31, 1987 was 25.53 per 100,000 population. When the data were stratified according to ethnic group, the highest point prevalence was found in Asian/African-born Jews (41.76 per 100,000 population), greater than in Israeli-born, or European/American-born Kibbutz members (38.92 and 17.35 cases per 100,000 population, respectively). There were 15 women and 16 men (female to male ratio 0.94). The average age of patients was 45 years in the survey year, and 35 years at diagnosis. Terminal ileitis was found in 69%, ileocolitis in 19%, and colitis in 12%. Probable complications of Crohn’s disease were observed in 10 cases (32%). Anemia was demonstrated in two cases (6%). The high rate of Crohn’s disease prevalence among Israeli-born versus European/American-born Kibbutz members may point to a role for environmental factors in the etiology of the disease.
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Russell, Hanneman et Getz. « The Transformation of the Kibbutzim ». Israel Studies 16, no 2 (2011) : 109. http://dx.doi.org/10.2979/israelstudies.16.2.109.

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Kalekin-fishman, Devorah, et Avigdor Klingman. « Bereavement and mourning in nonreligious kibbutzim ». Death Studies 12, no 3 (mai 1988) : 253–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/07481188808252240.

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Fishman, Aryei, et Yaaqov Goldschmidt. « The Orthodox Kibbutzim and Economic Success ». Journal for the Scientific Study of Religion 29, no 4 (décembre 1990) : 505. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1387315.

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Fischbein, S., R. Guttman, M. Nathan et A. Esrachi. « Permissiveness-Restrictiveness for Twins and Controls in Two Educational Settings : The Swedish Compulsory School and the Israeli Kibbutz ». Acta geneticae medicae et gemellologiae : twin research 39, no 2 (avril 1990) : 245–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s000156600000547x.

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AbstractIn a previous longitudinal twin project a model was developed for studying heredity-environment interaction. One important environmental dimension in this model is permissiveness-restrictiveness. The purpose of the present study has therefore been to investigate perceived and imposed restrictiveness at the societal and classroom level and possible interactional effects on pupil behavior. Results are reported from grade 4 to grade 6 in Israeli kibbutzim and Swedish compulsory school. One major finding is that no systematic differences have been found between twins and controls in the two countries. In both Swedish schools and Israeli kibbutzim permissiveness-restrictiveness will vary depending upon perspective (perceived or imposed) and upon content (type of subject or rule-breaking activity). Preliminary within-pair comparisons for the Swedish twins are reported for different types of test results. In agreement with the model, logical abstract thinking as well as reading and mathematics achievement seem to be less influenced by hereditary factors in a restrictive educational setting than in a permissive one.
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GOLDSMITH, J. R., I. ORYAN, L. AVNOL, E. KORDYSH et M. A. SOBEL. « CANCER IN AGRICULTURAL SETTLEMENTS (KIBBUTZIM) ; PRELIMINARY REPORT ». Epidemiology 7, Supplement (juillet 1996) : S61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00001648-199607001-00170.

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Guttman, Ruth, Michael Nathan et Amir Esrachi. « Restrictiveness-Permissiveness of Their Environment as Perceived by Kibbutz Twins and Singletons ». Acta geneticae medicae et gemellologiae : twin research 36, no 2 (avril 1987) : 165–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0001566000004396.

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AbstractThis research compares similarities and differences between kibbutz twins and singletons on individual perceptions of extent of restriction imposed by their fathers and mothers, teachers, caretakers and peers with regard to the children's choices, plans, and actual activities. During the past two years, the parents of all kibbutz twins in Israel of age 1 to 18 have been contacted. They provided background information about themselves and their twin children. In each kibbutz, two control singletons were selected of the same sex and age for each twin pair, yielding a “quartet”. With the aid of a mapping sentence, questionnaires were constructed to help ascertain the child's role in life areas such as family, friendship, school, hobbies, work, amusement. Questionnaires with the same facet design are being administered to children (twin and singleton), mothers, fathers, teachers, and caretakers. In addition, each child is given a battery of tests — including the verbal WISC, Block Design, Raven Matrices, and Reading Comprehension. The children will be interviewed and tested in three successive years, beginning either in grade 4 or 5. Data will thus be obtained on changes in perception of permissiveness-restrictiveness and their relation to performance at ages 9 to 13. To date 9-year-olds in 14 kibbutzim have been interviewed. Analyses of responses to four questions are presented in this paper. The preliminary analyses indicate that twins and singletons have similar means and distributions with regard to the extent to which the children feel they are told what to do by either parent.
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Sagi, Abraham, Michael E. Lamb, Ronit Shoham, Rachel Dvir et Kathleen S. Lewkowicz. « Parent-Infant Interaction in Families on Israeli Kibbutzim ». International Journal of Behavioral Development 8, no 3 (septembre 1985) : 273–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/016502548500800303.

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Thirty-eight first-born kibbutz-reared infants and their parents were observed in the parents' living quarters when the infants were 8 and 16 months of age. Although childcare was the primary responsibility of nonparental caretakers (metaplot) rather than either parent, sex differences in parental behavior similar to those observed in the US and Sweden were found. As in these countries, kibbutz mothers were more likely to vocalize, laugh, display affection, hold, and engage in caretaking than fathers were. This suggests that immediate competing demands on the parents' time do not account for the widely-observed sex differences in parental behavior. Whereas American infants (especially boys) develop preferences on attachment behavior measures for the same sex parent and Swedish infants develop preferences for their mothers, these kibbutz infants showed no preferences for either parent, suggesting that the relatively similar involvement of mothers and fathers in childcare in the kibbutz context may counteract the tendency to form preferential relationships.
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Katz-Shufan, Ofira, Tzahit Simon-Tuval, Danit R. Shahar et Paula Feder-Bubis. « Factors Involved in the Food Choices of Diners in a Kibbutz Communal Dining Room Buffet : A Qualitative Study ». International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, no 3 (8 février 2022) : 1885. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19031885.

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Improving nutrition improves health outcomes. Eating in a catering system may provide an environment for promoting healthy dietary choices. To map the factors that shape the food choices of diners who routinely eat in catering systems, we collected and analyzed qualitative data about diners’ perceptions of their food choices in communal dining rooms in three kibbutzim in Israel. From May to July 2014, we conducted in-depth, semi-structured, face-to-face interviews with 13 diners who ate at least three lunches per week in the kibbutz’s dining room. Data analysis followed thematic analysis principles. Two categories of themes emerged from the interviews. In the personal context category, the themes identified were eating as a task and attempts to control one’s eating. In the contextual aspects of eating in the catering system category, themes identified were eating in the dining room as a default, the characteristics of the food served, routine, and personal versus public aspects. The sub-theme of the diners’ freedom of choice emerged in the two categories of themes. Diners’ wishes of maintaining their freedom of choice may be an important contribution to the debate of whether catering systems should provide only healthy foods, which may jeopardize diners’ freedom of choice.
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Rotem, Stephanie. « Archaeology Museums on Israeli Kibbutzim : Ancient Artifacts—Modern Architecture ». International Journal of the Inclusive Museum 14, no 2 (2021) : 31–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.18848/1835-2014/cgp/v14i02/31-42.

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Ramos Tolosa, Jorge. « Socialismo europeo, colonialismo y el caso de los kibbutzim ». Pasado y Memoria. Revista de Historia Contemporánea, no 24 (26 janvier 2022) : 116. http://dx.doi.org/10.14198/pasado2022.24.05.

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El presente trabajo pretende examinar los complejos y diversos discursos sobre el colonialismo de algunas culturas políticas socialistas europeas, entre mediados del siglo XIX y las primeras décadas del XX. Para ello se revisan el pensamiento de Karl Marx y de otras figuras socialistas, debates de congresos socialistas y las figuras del político marxista peruano José Carlos Mariátegui y el historiador Tony Judt. En el centro de la discusión se sitúa la pregunta acerca de si los kibbutzim sionistas pueden simbolizar la relación histórica entre socialismo y colonialismo: igualdad y utopía, para las personas blancas, e indiferencia o legitimación ante la desposesión, la segregación e incluso la limpieza étnica, para las personas extraeuropeas. El objetivo es indagar en la relación histórica entre las culturas políticas socialistas europeas y la cuestión colonial como medio para ayudar a comprender algunas de las claves contemporáneas del pensamiento eurocéntrico y de la relación entre Europa y el resto de continentes.
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Simons, Tal, et Paul Ingram. « Organization and Ideology : Kibbutzim and Hired Labor, 1951-1965 ». Administrative Science Quarterly 42, no 4 (décembre 1997) : 784. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2393657.

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GILBOA, S., G. GABAY, D. ZAMIR, A. ZEEV et B. NOVIS. « Helicobacter pylori Infection in Rural Settlements (Kibbutzim) in Israel ». International Journal of Epidemiology 24, no 1 (1995) : 232–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ije/24.1.232.

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Cahaner, Lee, et Nissim Leon. « Returning to religious observance on Israel's non-religious kibbutzim ». Journal of Israeli History 32, no 2 (septembre 2013) : 197–218. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13531042.2013.822727.

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Sinnreich, Ronit, Yechiel Friedlander, Myron H. Luria, Dan Sapoznikov et Jeremy Kark. « Inheritance of heart rate variability : the kibbutzim family study ». Human Genetics 107, no 1 (juillet 2000) : 96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004390000341.

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Sinnreich, Ronit, Yechiel Friedlander, Myron Luria, Dan Sapoznikov et Jeremy Kark. « Inheritance of heart rate variability : the kibbutzim family study ». Human Genetics 107, no 1 (28 juillet 2000) : 96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004390050019.

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Sinnreich, R., Y. Friedlander, M. H. Luria, D. Sapoznikov et J. D. Kark. « Inheritance of heart rate variability : the kibbutzim family study ». Human Genetics 105, no 6 (14 décembre 1999) : 654–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004390051158.

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Sinnreich, R., Y. Friedlander, M. H. Luria, D. Sapoznikov et J. D. Kark. « Inheritance of heart rate variability : the kibbutzim family study ». Human Genetics 105, no 6 (10 novembre 1999) : 654–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004399900189.

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Goldstein, Amir. « The kibbutz and thema’abara(transit camp) : The case of the Upper Galilee kibbutzim and Kiryat Shmona, 1949–1953 ». Journal of Israeli History 35, no 1 (2 janvier 2016) : 17–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13531042.2016.1140878.

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Dror, Yuval. « Our Hearts Invented a Place : Can Kibbutzim Survive Today's Israel ? » Utopian Studies 16, no 3 (2005) : 486–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/20718776.

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Dror, Yuval. « Our Hearts Invented a Place : Can Kibbutzim Survive Today's Israel ? » Utopian Studies 16, no 3 (2005) : 486–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.5325/utopianstudies.16.3.0486.

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Tözer, Ayhan, et A. Barış Baraz. « Kibbutzim : Is this system an alternative to the status quo ? » Social Business 4, no 2 (31 août 2014) : 121–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1362/204440814x14024779688070.

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Abuksis, Galia, et Gerald Fraser. « Epidemiology of Crohnʼs disease in Israel. Survey of Israeli kibbutzim ». European Journal of Gastroenterology & ; Hepatology 11, no 4 (avril 1999) : A5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00042737-199904000-00038.

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Banai, Moshe. « A Test of Etzioni's Control-Compliance Model in Israeli Kibbutzim ». International Journal of Cross Cultural Management 2, no 2 (août 2002) : 155–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1470595802002002863.

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Levav, Itzhak, Anat Shemesh, Alexander Grinshpoon, Efraim Aisenberg, Yehiel Shershevsky et Robert Kohn. « Mental health-related knowledge, attitudes and practices in two kibbutzim ». Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology 39, no 9 (septembre 2004) : 758–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00127-004-0811-z.

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Shor, Eran. « The Westermarck Hypothesis and the Israeli Kibbutzim : Reconciling Contrasting Evidence ». Archives of Sexual Behavior 44, no 8 (27 mai 2015) : 2139–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10508-015-0558-5.

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Near, Henry. « Communes and kibbutzim : Past, present—and future ? A review essay ». Studies In Comparative International Development 28, no 4 (décembre 1994) : 70–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02687129.

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Anson, Ofra, Arieh Levenson, Benyamin Maoz et Dan Y. Bonneh. « Religious Community, Individual Religiosity, and Health : A Tale of Two Kibbutzim ». Sociology 25, no 1 (février 1991) : 119–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0038038591025001007.

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Teresi, J., D. Holmes, M. Holmes, S. Bergman, Y. King et N. Bentur. « Factors Relating to Institutional Risk Among Elderly Members of Israeli Kibbutzim ». Gerontologist 29, no 2 (1 avril 1989) : 203–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geront/29.2.203.

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