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Littérature scientifique sur le sujet « Labour – Europe »

Auteur : Grafiati

Publié le 10 mars 2023

Mis à jour le 19 juillet 2025

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Articles de revues sur le sujet "Labour – Europe"

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Careja, Romana. "Labour Migration in Europe." Swiss Political Science Review 17, no. 4 (2011): 503–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1662-6370.2011.02033.x.

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Hughes, Kirsty, and Edward Smith. "New Labour — New Europe?" International Affairs 74, no. 1 (1998): 93–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1468-2346.00006.

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Scott, Peter. "What Next? Labour into Europe." Work, Employment & Society 11, no. 3 (1997): 569–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0950017097011003011.

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Scott, Peter. "What Next? Labour into Europe." Work, Employment and Society 11, no. 3 (1997): 569–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0950017097113011.

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Dearden, Stephen J. H. "Europe: a labour surplus economy?" International Journal of Manpower 19, no. 5 (1998): 331–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/01437729810222002.

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Morgado, António, Tiago Neves Sequeira, Marcelo Santos, Alexandra Ferreira-Lopes, and Ana Balcão Reis. "Measuring Labour Mismatch in Europe." Social Indicators Research 129, no. 1 (2015): 161–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11205-015-1097-0.

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Costa, Hermes Augusto. "From Europe as a model to Europe as austerity." Transfer: European Review of Labour and Research 18, no. 4 (2012): 397–410. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1024258912458866.

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Twenty five years after Portuguese EU accession, the labour market in general and the trade unions in particular are faced with severely regressive social measures that undermine past expectations of progress towards the achievement of the Social Europe project in Portugal. Thus, on the one hand, this article identifies some of the ambitions and possibilities earlier opened up for the Portuguese labour market, as well as trade union attitudes to European integration. It is argued, on the other hand, that, in the context of the economic crisis and the austerity measures to which Portugal is subjected, the sense of Portugal’s backwardness in relation to the ‘European project’ has become more acute. The article accordingly focuses on and examines some of the austerity measures and certain controversial issues associated with them. In a final section, the impact of austerity on labour relations and the reactions of social partners, in particular the trade unions, are analysed.

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Boeri, Tito, and Mark Keese. "From labour shortage to labour shedding: Labour markets in central and Eastern Europe." Communist Economies and Economic Transformation 4, no. 3 (1992): 373–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14631379208427729.

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Burkhauser, Richard V. "Book Review: Labour Economics: Labour Markets in an Ageing Europe." ILR Review 48, no. 2 (1995): 361–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/001979399504800217.

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Burkhauser, Richard V., Paul Johnson, and Klaus F. Zimmermann. "Labour Markets in an Ageing Europe." Industrial and Labor Relations Review 48, no. 2 (1995): 361. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2524499.

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Thèses sur le sujet "Labour – Europe"

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Ovey, Joey-David. "Between Nation and Europe : labour, the SPD and labour in the European Parliament, 1994-1999 /." Opladen : Leske + Budrich, 2002. http://catalog.hathitrust.org/api/volumes/oclc/50738826.html.

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Mendoza, Cristóbal. "Labour immigration in Southern Europe : African employment in Iberian labour markets /." Aldershot : Ashgate, 2003. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb389839795.

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Mendoza, Cristobal. "New labour inflows in Southern Europe : African employment in Iberian labour markets." Thesis, King's College London (University of London), 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.314106.

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García, Gómez Pilar. "Health, informal care and labour market outcomes in Europe." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/7376.

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Esta tesis contribuye a la literatura analizando los efectos causales que el estado de salud tiene sobre la participación laboral en la población en edad de trabajar. De este modo, analiza los efectos que un deterioro en el estado de salud tiene sobre la participación laboral del individuo, así como los efectos de proveer cuidados informales sobre la participación laboral femenina. El primer capítulo utiliza una aproximación empírica homogénea en nueve países europeos, lo que hace posible relacionar las diferencias encontradas con diferencias en el contexto institucional. El segundo capítulo analiza el papel que juega el estado de salud en las transiciones hacia y fuera del empleo. Los resultados muestran que el estado de salud general afecta simétricamente las entradas y salidas del empleo, mientras que cambios en el estado de salud mental sólo influyen el riesgo de abandonar el empleo. El tercer capítulo examina los efectos de varios tipos de cuidados informales en el comportamiento laboral femenino. Los resultados sugieren que los costes de oportunidad laborales aparecen en aquellas mujeres que conviven con la persona dependiente, al mismo tiempo que los efectos negativos surgen cuando se proveen cuidados informales por un período superior al año.<br>This thesis aims to contribute to the literature with an attempt to identify the causal effects of health on labour market outcomes in the working-age population. I analyse the effects of the onset of a health shock on the individuals' labour market outcomes, and also the effects of caregiving on female labour participation. The first chapter uses a homogeneous empirical framework to estimate the first set of effects on nine European countries, which allows me to relate the empirical estimates to differences in social security arrangements across these countries. The second chapter analyses the role of health in exits out of and entries into employment and the results show that general health affects symmetrically entries into and exits out of employment, but changes in mental health status influence only the hazard of non-employment for the stock sample of workers. The third chapter examines the effects of various types of informal care on female labour behaviour and the results suggest the existence of labour opportunity costs for those women who live with the dependent person they care for, and the negative effects appear when caregiving for more than a year.

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Bouev, Maxim Vyacheslavovich. "Essays on labour markets in Russia and Eastern Europe." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2006. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:33dbd198-1755-456d-80a6-31da1eade363.

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This thesis is concerned with various aspects of transitional labour reallocation either between different labour market states, or between less and more efficient enterprises, or between formal and informal sectors. The possibility of irregular employment opportunities receives special attention in this work. The substantive material is arranged in three independent essays. The first, empirical study portrays the most important trends in labour reallocation in Russia, and presents analyses of two types. First, transition probabilities are studied, and some determinants of worker flows are identified using a multinomial logit modelling. Second, a survival analysis of the non-employed is conducted to reveal possible causes of growing stagnancy of unemployment and inactivity. The findings are contrasted with the stylised theory of labour reallocation in transition (Aghion and Blanchard, 1994). The directions in which theoretical modifications should be attempted in future research are suggested. The second and the third essays draw upon some of these suggestions and are aimed at making a contribution on the theoretical front. The second essay puts forward a development of the seminal model of transition from planned to market economy by Aghion and Blanchard (1994). We introduce an informal sector to show that its presence can generate the dynamics qualitatively different from the types considered in the previous literature on the topic. It is argued that convergence to qualitatively different steady states can help explain varying transitional experiences of East European countries and the former Soviet Union republics. Attention is drawn to policy implications of the model, in particular to the creation of conditions favourable for the development of the new private sector as opposed to informal private initiative. Finally, the third essay takes the issue of coexistence of formal and informal sectors in transition further to see if such duality is possible in the long run, and to discuss the role of the government in creating preconditions for it. The study draws on the standard framework of Pissarides (2000) of search in the labour market. It demonstrates that a long-run equilibrium with both formal and informal economies is possible under very mild assumptions. It is also shown that labour market imperfections can create a situation when reduction in informality may be detrimental to economic welfare. Although the foci of the essays differ, the issues raised therein are closely knit so that many threads can be drawn together. In the concluding chapter we discuss the main areas to which this thesis contributes, summarise the main findings, and make some suggestions for future research.

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Broad, Matthew. "Joining Europe : the British Labour Party, Danish Social Democrats and European Integration, 1958-72." Thesis, University of Reading, 2017. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.731710.

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Sinclair, Anthony Gerard Meehan. "Technology, design and the division of labour in Solutrean Europe." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1991. https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/251516.

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Grogan, Louise Anne. "Labour market transitions of individuals in Eastern and Western Europe." [Amsterdam : Amsterdam : Thela Thesis] ; Universiteit van Amsterdam [Host], 2000. http://dare.uva.nl/document/56075.

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Dmitrijeva, Jekaterina. "Unemployment and labour market policy in Central and Eastern Europe." Thesis, Evry-Val d'Essonne, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008EVRY0002/document.

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Transition vers l’économie de marché et accession a l’Union Européenne ont profondément modifié la structure et le fonctionnement des économies d’Europe Centrale et de l’Est. Cette thèse propose une analyse des évolutions observées sur les marchés du travail régionaux et nationaux des nouveaux pays membres de l’Union Européenne ainsi qu’une évaluation des politiques publiques mises en œuvre dans ce contexte de transition économique. L’analyse du processus d’appariement entre travailleurs et employeurs révèle l’importance de la demande de travail dans la création de nouvelles embauches en Lettonie, Slovénie et Estonie et souligne la nécessité d’intégrer flux (chômeurs et emplois vacants) et effets spatiaux dans la modélisation. L’efficacité des politiques publiques est attestée au niveau macro et microéconomiques et démontre l’influence positive des programmes de formation sur les taux de sortie du chômage et l’employabilité des participants<br>During the transition to market economy and the accession to the EU Central and Eastern European countries have witnessed remarkable changes in the structure and functioning of national economies. This thesis aims to assess the development of aggregate and regional labour markets in new EU member states through this eventful period and to investigate the role of active labour market policy in moderating the consequences of transitional shock and improving the performance of the labour market. The analysis of the process of worker-firm matching in Latvia, Slovenia and Estonia reveals that in transition - EU accession context the hiring process is labour demand driven and displays the existence of stock-flow patterns and spatial spillovers. The effects of ALMP programs are confirmed to be positive at both macroeconomic and individual levels: involvement of unemployed in training increases aggregate outflows from unemployment to jobs and increases individual employability of participants

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Milcher, Susanne, and Manfred M. Fischer. "On labour market discrimination against Roma in South East Europe." WU Vienna University of Economics and Business, 2010. http://epub.wu.ac.at/3960/1/SSRN%2Did1739103.pdf.

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This paper directs interest on country-specific labour market discrimination Roma may suffer in South East Europe. The study lies in the tradition of statistical Blinder-Oaxaca decomposition analysis. We use microdata from UNDP's 2004 survey of Roma minorities, and apply a Bayesian approach, proposed by Keith and LeSage (2004), for the decomposition analysis of wage differentials. This approach is based on a robust Bayesian heteroscedastic linear regression model in conjunction with Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) estimation. The results obtained indicate the presence of labour market discrimination in Albania and Kosovo, but point to its absence in Bulgaria, Croatia, and Serbia. (authors' abstract)

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Livres sur le sujet "Labour – Europe"

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1952-, Magnusson Lars, and Ottosson Jan 1958-, eds. Europe - one labour market? Presses Interuniversitaires Européennes, 2001.

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Menz, Georg, and Alexander Caviedes, eds. Labour Migration in Europe. Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230292536.

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1971-, Messina Julián, ed. Labour market adjustments in Europe. Edward Elgar Pub., 2006.

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Roo, Annie de. Settling labour disputes in Europe. Kluwer Law and Taxation Publishers, 1994.

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Campani, Giovanna, and Mojca Pajnik. Precarious migrant labour across Europe. Peace Institute, 2011.

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Kilponen, Juha. Labour market flexibility in Northern Europe. European Institute, South Bank University, 2000.

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Borraccetti, Marco, ed. Labour Migration in Europe Volume II. Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-93979-7.

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Fauri, Francesca, and Paolo Tedeschi, eds. Labour Migration in Europe Volume I. Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-90587-7.

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Paul, Johnson, Zimmermann Klaus F, and Centre for Economic Policy Research (Great Britain), eds. Labour markets in an ageing Europe. Cambridge University Press, 1993.

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Jens, Lind, Knudsen Herman 1947-, and Jørgensen Henning 1949-, eds. Labour and employment regulation in Europe. Peter Lang, 2004.

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Chapitres de livres sur le sujet "Labour – Europe"

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Kölbl, Marko. "Afghan Pop in Europe." In Music as Labour. Routledge, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003150480-9.

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Broad, Roger. "New Labour, New Europe?" In Labour's European Dilemmas. Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230508545_13.

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Ovey, Joey-David. "The Labour Party." In Between Nation and Europe. VS Verlag für Sozialwissenschaften, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-322-93336-2_6.

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Mitchell, B. R. "Labour Force." In International Historical Statistics Europe 1750–1988. Palgrave Macmillan UK, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-12791-7_2.

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Gamble, Andrew. "Labour Old and New." In Between Europe and America. Macmillan Education UK, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4039-4045-2_9.

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Blundell, Richard, John Ham, and Costas Meghir. "Unemployment and Female Labour Supply." In Unemployment in Europe. Palgrave Macmillan US, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-19795-8_2.

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Compaijen, Bernard, and Klaas A. Springer. "Wage Flexibility and Labour Market." In Unemployment in Europe. Palgrave Macmillan US, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-19795-8_24.

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Rowley, Chris. "The Labour Party and Europe." In The Eurosceptical Reader. Palgrave Macmillan UK, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-24979-4_5.

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Honkapohja, Seppo, and Frank Westermann. "Labour Market Reform in Europe." In Designing the European Model. Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230236653_3.

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Tyrowicz, Joanna, and Peter Szewczyk. "Labour markets." In Social and Economic Development in Central and Eastern Europe. Routledge, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780429450969-7.

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Actes de conférences sur le sujet "Labour – Europe"

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Sajková, Patrícia, Elena Kašťáková, and Vladyslav Bato. "Trade and Sustainable Development Between the European Union and New Zealand." In 25th International Joint Conference Central and Eastern Europe in the Changing Business Environment. Vydavateľstvo EKONÓM, 2025. https://doi.org/10.53465/ceecbe.2025.9788022552257.303-314.

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The bilateral Free Trade Agreement (FTA) between the European Union (EU) and New Zealand, concluded in May 2024, represents a significant advancement in their trade and economic relations. Both partners prioritize social, economic, and environmental objectives as integral components of their trade policies, reflecting shared values and a commitment to balanced growth. The paper assesses how trade policies can support environmental objectives and strengthen circular economy principles. A particular emphasis is placed on Chapter 19 of the EU-New Zealand FTA, titled "Trade and Sustainable Development" (T&SD), which addresses the interface between trade policy and the goals of environmental protection and labour rights. The article evaluates the alignment of the FTA with the broader global agenda for sustainable trade.

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Pilvere, Irina, Ilze Upite, Aleksejs Nipers, and Aija Pilvere. "PRODUCTIVITY IN BIOECONOMY INDUSTRIES IN LATVIA." In 24th SGEM International Multidisciplinary Scientific GeoConference 2024. STEF92 Technology, 2024. https://doi.org/10.5593/sgem2024/5.1/s21.74.

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Bioeconomy industries play an important role in contributing to national economies and a transition to climate-friendly farming practices. This is evidenced by various policies implemented, including the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals, the European Union (EU) Bioeconomy Strategy and the European Green Deal. The increasing productivity and new technologies can have negative environmental impacts, affecting the economic framework associated with ecosystem services. To address these challenges, coordination among various sectors, stakeholders and value chains is necessary, supporting cross-sectoral strategies; therefore, the government has adopted the Latvian Bioeconomy Strategy 2030. One of the complementary lines of action to achieve the goal of the bioeconomy strategy is �increasing the efficiency and labour productivity in all industries of the bioeconomy�. Accordingly, the present research aims to examine labour productivity in the national economy and in bioeconomy industries to contribute to the implementation of the Latvian Bioeconomy Strategy 2030. The research analyse the level of labour productivity achieved in Latvia and compare it with that in other EU Member States, as well as examine labour productivity in individual bioeconomy industries in Latvia in the period 2015-2022. Several indicators were used: labour productivity per person employed and per hour worked both in current prices and constant prices. The research found that in the period analysed, the highest productivity was achieved in section D Electricity, gas, steam and air conditioning supply, which significantly exceeded the national average, whereas it was significantly lower in the following sections: I Accommodation and food service activities, F Construction and A Agriculture, forestry and fishing, although significant productivity growth has been observed in the period 2015-2022. Therefore, it is necessary to continue implementing the measures begun to increase productivity in the areas where it is low.

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Nezinsky, Eduard. "INPUT UTILIZATION: LABOUR AND HUMAN CAPITAL IN EUROPE." In SGEM 2014 Scientific SubConference on POLITICAL SCIENCES, LAW, FINANCE, ECONOMICS AND TOURISM. Stef92 Technology, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.5593/sgemsocial2014/b24/s7.047.

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Hogeforster, Max, and Romualdas Ginevičius. "From barriers to bridges: enhancing labour market dynamics through refugee integration in Europe." In 14th International Scientific Conference „Business and Management 2024“. Vilnius Gediminas Technical University, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/bm.2024.1282.

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This article examines the critical role of refugee integration into labour markets as a solution to workforce shortages faced by companies across Europe. With a growing gap between labour demand and the available workforce, the integration of refugees not only addresses economic needs but also supports social inclusion and diversity. Through a comprehensive literature review, this study highlights the mutual benefits for both refugees and companies, including enhanced cultural diversity, innovation, and economic growth. Furthermore, it presents empirical findings from recent research conducted in several European countries targeting refugees, business support organisations as well as NGOs. The result of this survey offers insights into the successes and hindrances of integration practices. Key challenges such as language barriers, credential recognition, and cultural differences are discussed. By providing a nuanced understanding of the complexities and benefits involved, this study contributes to the ongoing discourse on labour market dynamics and the potential of refugees to enrich host countries’ economies and societies.

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Forgacs, Csaba. "In what direction is agricultural specialization headed in Central and Eastern Europe? (2005-2016)." In 21st International Scientific Conference "Economic Science for Rural Development 2020". Latvia University of Life Sciences and Technologies. Faculty of Economics and Social Development, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.22616/esrd.2020.53.005.

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The paper deals with the main directions of specialization in Central and Eastern European Countries’ (CEECs, EU10) agriculture after the EU’s Eastward Enlargement. We analyse and compare growth and productivity advantages of specialized farm types by physical size (in hectare) in EU10 member-states to the EU10/27/15 average based on EUROSTAT data in the period of 2005-2016. We focus on exploring the main directions of specialization using such indicators as the number of specialized farms, land (Utilized Agricultural Area, UAA) and labour (Agricultural Working Unit, AWU) use on the input side, average farm size by land and labour use as well as area-, labour-, and total productivity on the output side. We conclude that the directions of specialization in farming in EU10 were based on the traditional farm production structure making the latter better able to adjust and take advantages of Common Agricultural Policy. Concerning production growth rate, the three leading specialization types of CEECs’ farms were: (i) cattle rearing and fattening, (ii) cereals, oilseed and protein crops and (iii) fruits and citrus fruits. These three specialization types of farms – in the same ranking order - also increased land (UAA) and labour (AWU) use well above the average. Specialized cereals farms and cattle rearing and fattening farms were also ranked in top three by number. Both cereals and fruits specialized farms have leading position in growth rate of land and labour use and also are in top three in growth rate of land area and total farm productivity. Cereals and fruits specialized farms also more than doubled labour productivity during the first decade after the EU’s Eastward enlargement but did not rank in the top three in this category.

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Chilkina, Ksenia, and Natalia Dorodonova. "Catholic Social Doctrine and Economic Policy in Western Europe." In IX International Scientific and Practical Conference “Current Problems of Social and Labour Relations" (ISPC-CPSLR 2021). Atlantis Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/assehr.k.220208.076.

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Litoiu, Nicoleta. "ICTS AS RESOURCES FOR EMPOWERING VULNERABLE YOUNG ADULTS FACING LABOUR MARKET CHALLENGES." In eLSE 2017. Carol I National Defence University Publishing House, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.12753/2066-026x-17-140.

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This paper is aimed to present a comparative view of the ICTs use and its contributions for empowering vulnerable groups as adults in long-term unemployment to face the labour market challenges. Across Europe, long-term unemployment represented by the vulnerable adults is a growing problem that has significant long-term consequences for individuals, communities, economies and societies. The current economic crisis has led to high levels of general unemployment, which is increasing throughout Europe countries. The Europe 2020 Strategy focuses upon education and training through the Strategic Framework for European co-operation in education and training (ET 2020), which sets supplementary benchmarks to be attained by 2020. Their achievement implies the support of integrated guidance and counseling services. The EU’s goal of an employment rate of 75% for those aged 20 to 64 by 2020 is a major cornerstone for implementing lifelong guidance services and requires specific actions for vulnerable groups on the labour market, particularly affected by the effects of the unemployment phenomenon. From this perspective, ICTs as useful resources have an important contribution in supporting these vulnerable groups to adapt to the dynamic of the labour market and meet the requirements of the employers. Not the last, the aim of this paper is also to stimulate reflection on the cross-cutting nature of career counseling and career management concepts in the flexible and integrative framework of the lifelong guidance services for thinking and reflection about the knowledge and skills of the vulnerable adults searching for a job in the present turbulent times.

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Bazone, Guna, and Janis Ievins. "Labour protection problems in new forms of employment in Latvia." In 11th International Scientific Conference „Business and Management 2020“. VGTU Technika, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/bm.2020.632.

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The aim of the article is to reflect the situation regarding the problems in creating a labour pro-tection system for the new forms of employment in Latvia. It is concluded that in Latvia, as in the rest of Europe, there is no common understanding of what new forms of employment are, nor do the regulatory enactments specifically define what training and instruction procedures are in the field of labour protection at the moment. The research conducted by the authors shows that interest in and understanding of labour protection is low, and people do not know where they can gain information. As a result of the research it was found that people are not ready to invest money in establishing the labour protection system due to the fact that labour protection is perceived as a formal and unnecessary activity. The authors suggest that greater attention should be paid to this issue, particularly taking into account that, in the current digital era, new forms of employment continue developing, while the literature and research available at the moment at a Latvian and European level are insufficient.

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Tavits, Gaabriel. "Protection of the Weaker Party – to Whom is Labour Law Still Applicable?" In The 8th International Scientific Conference of the Faculty of Law of the University of Latvia. University of Latvia Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.22364/iscflul.8.2.33.

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National law is affected by a number of different international regulations and agreements. International agreements provide for rules aimed at harmonizing certain requirements and understandings that different countries should follow. In labour relations, international standards are set at two different levels – on the one hand, by the International Labour Organization (ILO), and on the other by regional standards – by the Council of Europe and the directives and regulations adopted by the European Union. All these international rules have important implications for national labour law. However, such international norms do not provide a clear personal scope – that is, it is not clearly defined to whom such international norms apply. Although the various international rules do not directly define the persons to whom those norms apply, – the implementation of international rules remains a matter for national law. Thus, the concept of both employee and employment relationship is shaped by national law. The exception here is the European Union, where the European Court of Justice has given an autonomous meaning to the concept of worker (particularly in the context of freedom of movement for workers). Although the concept of a worker and of an employment relationship has been developed by the Court of Justice of the European Union, Member States retain the right to define the employment relationship in accordance with the law in force in the respective Member State. The main factor in shaping employment relationships is the employee's dependence on the person providing the work, and the person providing the work also has an obligation to pay remuneration for the work performed. Although the scope of those rules is defined differently by different international rules, the characteristics generally applicable to the definition of an employee and the employment relationship are similar to those used in national law.

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Trenovski, Borce, Kristijan Kozeski, and Gunter Merdzan. "THE LINK BETWEEN PRODUCTIVITY AND LABOUR SHARE – THE CASE OF NORTH MACEDONIA AND SLOVENIA." In Economic and Business Trends Shaping the Future. Ss Cyril and Methodius University, Faculty of Economics-Skopje, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.47063/ebtsf.2020.0020.

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The large divergence between productivity and workers’ incomes has been becoming a reality in most countries, not just in the United States after 1980s, where labour productivity grew faster than real wages and employment. The breakdown according to Brynjolfsson and McAfee (2014) is due to technological progress, according to Bivens and Mishel (2015) the growing inequality and according to Baker (2007) the declining labour share in GDP. The main goal of this paper is to find out if the global trend of “The Great Decoupling” between productivity and labour share is a real process in the case of the countries analyzed from the Southeast Europe region. Given that Slovenia is among the most developed countries, while North Macedonia belongs to the group of developing countries that in these stages of development rely on foreign capital and cheap labour, we examine whether the process of “The Great Decoupling” between productivity and labour share is a reality in both countries. From the analysis of the trend of the movement of the average labour productivity of these two countries, it can be concluded that in both countries there is a trajectory of the movement of the labour productivity. Also, from the trend of the movement of the share of labour income and labour productivity in the case of Slovenia and North Macedonia it can be concluded that they indicate the existence of a large gap, i.e. divergence in the trajectory of motion. Also, the gap between labour productivity and the share of labour income in GDP on the example of North Macedonia, if compared to the example of Slovenia is of lower intensity. Finally, based on the results obtained from the conducted econometric analysis, we determine whether there is a need for further research or the phenomenon is a temporary deviation in the dynamics of the gap between labour share and labour productivity.

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Rapports d'organisations sur le sujet "Labour – Europe"

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Fotta, Martin, Mariya Ivancheva, and Raluca Pernes. THE ANTHROPOLOGICAL CAREER IN EUROPE: A complete report on the EASA membership survey. NomadIT, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.22582/easaprecanthro.

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This report presents the results of the survey conducted among EASA members in 2018. The survey was a collaboration between EASA and the PrecAnthro Collective, whose members have worked together and mobilised since 2016 to raise awareness about the challenges of developing an academic career in anthropology. The themes explored in the survey reflect existing academic research on changes to the academic profession and the casualisation of labour in Europe and beyond. The survey enquired into the extent to which and how trends already documented in other disciplines, and in academia as a whole, affect anthropologists. These trends include a growing division between research and teaching, the deprofessionalisation of academic labour through multiple contract types, the imperatives of international mobility and cyclical fundraising, and weak labour unions. This report captures overall trends as well as regional differences in the anthropological profession in Europe.

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Albanesi, Stefania, António Dias da Silva, Juan F. Jimeno, Ana Lamo, and Alena Wabitsch. New technologies and jobs in Europe. Banco de España, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.53479/33414.

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We examine the link between labour market developments and new technologies such as artificial intelligence (AI) and software in 16 European countries over the period 2011-2019. Using data for occupations at the 3-digit level in Europe, we find that on average employment shares have increased in occupations more exposed to AI. This is particularly the case for occupations with a relatively higher proportion of younger and skilled workers. This evidence is in line with the Skill-Biased Technological Change theory. While there is heterogeneity across countries, very few countries show a decline in the employment shares of occupations more exposed to AI-enabled automation. Country heterogeneity for this result appears to be linked to the pace of technology diffusion and education, but also to the level of product market regulation (competition) and employment protection laws. In contrast to the findings for employment, we find little evidence for any correlation between wages and potential exposures to new technologies.

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de Vos, B. I., and E. E. W. Termeer. Social capital and food security in Kibera communication strategies on child labour from awareness raising to action : a desk review with preliminary design ideas for campaign in Africa and Europe. Wageningen Economic Research, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.18174/547563.

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Motel-Klingebiel, Andreas, and Gerhard Naegele. Exclusion and inequality in late working life in the political context of the EU. Linköping University Electronic Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.3384/9789179293215.

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European societies need to increase the participation in work over the life course to support the provision of qualified labour and to meet the challenges for social security systems under the condition of their ageing populations. One of the key ambitions is to extend people’s working lives and to postpone labour market exit and retirement where possible. This requires informed policies, and the research programme EIWO – ‘Exclusion and Inequality in Late Working Life: Evidence for Policy Innovation towards Inclusive Extended Work and Sustainable Working Conditions in Sweden and Europe’ – aims to push the boundaries of knowledge about late working life and the potential of its inclusive and equal prolongation via a theoretically driven, gender-sensitive combination of multi-level perspectives. EIWO takes a life course approach on exclusion and inequality by security of tenure, quality of work, workplaces, and their consequences. It identifies life course policies, promoting lifelong learning processes and flexible adaptation to prolong working lives and to avoid increased exclusion and inequality. Moreover, it provides evidence for policies to ensure both individual, company and societal benefits from longer lives. To do so, EIWO orientates its analyses systematically to the macro-political contexts at the European Union level and to the policy goals expressed in the respective official statements, reports and plans. This report systematizes this ambitious approach. Relevant documents such as reports, green books and other publications of the European Commission (EC), the European Parliament (EP), the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD), as well as those of social partners and research institutions, have been systematically scanned and evaluated. In addition, relevant decisions of European summits have been considered. The selection of documents claims completeness regarding relevant and generally available publication, while relevance is defined from the point of view of EIWO’s interests. It is the aim of this report to provide a sound knowledge base for EIWO’s analyses and impact strategies and to contribute to the emerging research on the connection between population ageing and the European policies towards productivity, inclusiveness, equity, resilience and sustainability. This report aims to answer the following questions: How are EIWO’s conceptual classification and programme objectives reflected in the European Union’s policy programming? How can EIWO’s analyses and impact benefit from a reference to current EU policy considerations, and how does this focus support the outline of policy options and the formulating of possible proposals to Swedish and European stakeholders? The present report was written during early 2022; analyses were finalized in February 2022 and represent the status until this date.

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Freeman, Richard. What Directions for Labor Market Institutions in Eastern and Central Europe? National Bureau of Economic Research, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w4209.

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Bozkaya, Ant, and William Kerr. Labor Regulations and European Private Equity. National Bureau of Economic Research, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w15627.

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Schmitz, Wiebke. Gender still determines how, and how long, we work. Linköping University Electronic Press, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.3384/asc.011.

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Female-coded family work keeps women away from late working life – but it makes a difference where in Europe they live because Nordic countries do not recognize this divide. Key Findings Childcare impacts upon late working life – women tend to be employed part time or outside paid labor if they engaged in childcare during earlier life stages; men with children are more likely to be in full-time employment. Women are more affected by early working life decisions – previous labor-market participation or a reduction in working hours due to childcare obligations have a greater impact on late working life. A North–South divide in Europe – it is mostly in southern and western Europe that women’s domestic work or part-time employment prevents full-time employment in late working life, but in northern Europe, female employment in late working life is barely affected by previous family obligations. This research on gendered late-working-life trajectories is part of the research programme EIWO. Schmitz, W., Naegele, L., Frerichs, F., & Ellwardt, L. (2023): Gendered late working life trajectories, family history and welfare regimes: Evidence from SHARELIFE. European Journal of Ageing, 20, 5. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10433-023-00752-3 (open access). The paper received the "Best Paper Award 2023 for Early Career Researchers" from the German Gerontological Association (see https://www.dggg-online.de/best-paper-award.html).

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Correia, Diogo, and Ricardo Barradas. Financialisation and the slowdown of labour productivity in Portugal: A post-Keynesian approach. DINÂMIA'CET-Iscte, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.15847/dinamiacet-iul.wp.2021.07.

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The aim of this paper is to conduct a time series econometric analysis in order to empirically evaluate the role of financialisation in the slowdown of labour productivity in Portugal during the period from 1980 to 2017. During that time, the Portuguese economy faced a financialisation phenomenon due to the European integration process and the corresponding imposition of a strong wave of privatisation, liberalisation and deregulation of the Portuguese financial system. At the same time, Portuguese labour productivity exhibited a sustained downward trend, which seems to contradict the well-entrenched mainstream hypothesis on the finance–productivity nexus. Based on the post-Keynesian literature, we identify four channels through which the phenomenon of financialisation has impaired labour productivity, namely weak economic performance, the fall in labour’s share of income, the rise of inequality in personal income and an intensification of the degree of financialisation. The paper finds that lagged labour productivity, economic performance and labour income share positively impact labour productivity in Portugal, while personal income inequality and the degree of financialisation negatively impact labour productivity in Portugal. The paper also finds that the main triggers for the slowdown of labour productivity in Portugal are the degree of financialisation and personal income inequality over the last decades.

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Borsch-Supan, Axel. Incentive Effects of Social Security on Labor Force Participation: Evidence in Germany and Across Europe. National Bureau of Economic Research, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w6780.

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Barradas, Ricardo. Why has labour productivity slowed down in the era of financialisation? Insights from the post-Keynesians for the European Union countries. DINÂMIA'CET-Iscte, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.15847/dinamiacet-iul.wp.2022.03.

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This paper employs a panel data econometric approach in order to empirically ascertain the role of the phenomenon of financialisation in the deceleration of labour productivity in the European Union (EU) countries from 1980 to 2019. During that time, the EU countries suffered a huge structural transformation based on Reaganomics and Thatcherism and their financial systems have experienced strong liberalisation and deregulation, which have contributed to poor evolution of labour productivity and have revived fears around a new ‘secular stagnation’ in the era of financialisation. Grounded in post-Keynesian literature, the slowdown of labour productivity in the majority of developed economies in the last decades cannot be separated from the phenomenon of financialisation, which has occurred through four different channels, namely the weak economic performance, the decline in the labour income share, the increase in personal income inequality, and strengthening of the degree of financialisation. Our findings confirm that lagged labour productivity, economic performance, and labour income share have a positive impact on labour productivity in the EU countries, while personal income inequality and the degree of financialisation impact it negatively. Our findings also reveal that labour productivity in the EU countries in the last decades would have grown more if there had been a stronger economic performance, a smaller decline (or even a rise) of the labour income share, a smaller increase (or even a decrease) of personal income inequality, and a weakening of the degree of financialisation.

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