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Littérature scientifique sur le sujet « Letter opening »

Auteur : Grafiati

Publié le 17 juillet 2023

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Articles de revues sur le sujet "Letter opening"

Tara, Firman, et Desri Karlinda. « KESALAHAN BERBAHASA PADA SURAT DINAS SMA NEGERI 9 KOTA JAMBI ». Aksara : Jurnal Ilmiah Pendidikan Bahasa dan Sastra Indonesia 4, n^o 2 (13 février 2021) : 202. http://dx.doi.org/10.33087/aksara.v4i2.201.

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This research aims at describing language errors in writing letter numbers, mailing letter, opening paragraph, and closing paragraph of official letters of SMA Negeri 9 Jambi City year of 2019. This research is a qualitative descriptive. The technique used in collecting data are observation and documentation. The results of the analysis show that the errors in writing letter numbers are the use of colons and slashes which are preceded and followed by a space. Errors in writing mailing letter is indicated in the use of kepada which indicates language redundancy; the use of a colon (:) which should be replaced by a period (.); the use of punctuation marks (.) at the end of the mailing address; and the use of bold letters in the mailing address. Written errors in the opening paragraph of the letter are the writing of the opening greeting Dengan hormat in the beginning of the paragraph that should be included in the first sentence of the letter opening. Written errors in the closing paragraphs of letters are the incomplete closing sentences of the letter which should have been mentioned earlier, written behind the word demikianlah; and errors in the use of preposition di.

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Waal, Willemijn. « A New Interpretation of the Opening Lines of the Assur Letters ». Zeitschrift für Assyriologie und vorderasiatische Archäologie 111, n^o 2 (1 novembre 2021) : 263–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/za-2021-2006.

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Abstract In this paper a new interpretation of the hatura-clauses in the Hieroglyphic Luwian Assur letters will be presented. First of all, it will be argued that the Hieroglyphic Luwian lexeme hatura-, which is usually connected to the Hittite verb ḫatrae- ‘to send’, ‘to write’ and translated as ‘letter’, is in fact related to the Hittite word ḫattuli- and Cuneiform Luwian ḫattulaḫid-, meaning ‘health’,‘wellbeing’. Secondly, the article will suggest that the Hieroglyphic Luwian word api, which is usually translated as ‘back’, or ‘again’, primarily functions as a discourse marker. Lastly, it will be proposed that the Hieroglyphic Luwian word for ‘letter’ or ‘message’ is (*205)atun(i)-. These new interpretations yield a better understanding of the opening lines of the Assur-letters and elucidate some other opaque passages of this intriguing correspondence.1

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Wijayanti, Sri Hapsari. « The Moves of Indonesian Application Letters ». Lingua Cultura 11, n^o 1 (31 mai 2017) : 39. http://dx.doi.org/10.21512/lc.v11i1.1726.

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Job application letter is one of many types of written communication. Every context has its own way to write application letter. This article aimed to know the pattern of moves of solicited and unsolicited job application letters, as well as to identify the structure patterns of moves and language used in Indonesian application letters generally. The corpus were 62 application letters. The data were analyzed by using quantitative and qualitative descriptive methods. The research finds that the Indonesian application letters consist of nine obligatory moves: opening salutation, offering candidature, introducing candidature, promoting candidature, enclosing documents, willingness to action, stressing the facts, thanking, and closing salutation. The movement structure has similarity with the application letter from other countries as previous studies. The difference lies in the label of used terms. The implicitness and inability to express self-quality could be referred to the Indonesian culture known as modesty and inhibition in telling about oneself.

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Biggs, Frederick M. « Domino in domino dominorum : Bede and John of Beverley ». Anglo-Saxon England 44 (décembre 2015) : 17–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0263675100080054.

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AbstractThe distinctive phrase, domino in domino dominorum, shared by the salutations in the prefatory letter of Bede's revised metrical Vita Cuthberti and in the letter sent by Hwaetbert with his former abbot Ceolfrith to Rome, reflects an unexpected historical connection among Bede's revision, Ceolfrith's departure and, more tentatively, the abdication of John of Beverley of the bishopric of York. While only Ceolfrith's journey has been dated to 716, I argue that Bede was revising his poem in anticipation of this event, but under the false assumption that it would be John of Beverley who would lead the party. The salutation, drawn from one of Augustine of Hippo's letters, supports this claim by identifying, after the opening phrase that would be appropriate for a bishop, John as a priest, a playful conjunction of terms used by Bede to call attention to the bishop of York's changing status. This opening, then, was in Bede's mind when the need for a letter from Hwaetbert to Pope Gregory II arose. Bede's revision and, probably, some discussion of John's retirement can be dated to 716.

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Cornelius, E. « Die verhouding tussen Klassieke retoriek en epistolografie ». Literator 15, n^o 2 (2 mai 1994) : 145–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/lit.v15i2.668.

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The objective of this article is to determine the relationship between Classical rhetoric and epistolography. Both epistolographical and rhetorical studies of letters are found among scholars. Some scholars prefer to work only epistolographically and others only rhetorically. The problem arises when some scholars try to combine these two perspectives, resulting in an approach in which the body of the letter is studied rhetorically and the letter opening and closing epistolographically. As an aid to determine the relationship between these two disciplines, a short summary of the theoretical frameworks of each is given and the Classical textbooks on both disciplines are studied. Once the relationship has been made dear, the article is concluded by proposing rhetoric as the framework for the interpretation of the communicative function of letters and epistolography as the framework for the interpretation of the form of letters.

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Prasetyo, Andika Hijrah, et Anita Tri Widiyawati. « The Role of the Village Government as a Facilitator in Records (Dynamic Archives) Management (Case Study in Paseban Village, Kencong District, Jember Regency) ». Public Inspiration : Jurnal Administrasi Publik 7, n^o 1 (21 juillet 2022) : 39–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.22225/pi.7.1.2022.39-52.

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This research uses a case study with a qualitative approach. This study aimed to analyze the role of the Paseban Village Government as a facilitator in managing dynamic archives owned by the village government. As a facilitator, the village government plays a role in creating conducive conditions for the implementation of record management. This has been done even though it is not optimal. Concerning record management, it consists of 1) sorting letters, 2) opening the cover, 3) issuing letters from inside the envelope, 4) examining letters, 5) reading letters, 6) delivering letters (internally), 7) recording letters, and 8) storage of letters related to the Management of incoming mail and procedures for managing incoming letters, there is no SOP. There are four main activities: 1) drafting, 2) approval of letter concepts, 3) typing of letter concepts, and 4) letter delivery. There are also steps for managing outgoing mail, which include: 1) receiving a dictation or written concept from the leadership, 2) drafting a letter, 3) recording the outgoing registration book, 4) typing the letter in its final form, 5) asking for the leadership's signature, 6) checking the mail to be sent, and 7) distributing the mail. However, there is no SOP in the Management of outgoing letters and steps for managing outgoing letters. The criteria for the selection of archival equipment have been carried out. Borrowing archives is no precise loan circulation data because they do not have procedures and do not use archive borrowing books. In addition, there are no restrictions on borrowing archives and determining the period for borrowing archives, so the archive is vulnerable to lose. Record inventory and archive retention at the Paseban Village Office have never been carried out.

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Popova, Larisa Georgievna, Lyubov' Mikhailovna Shatilova, Georgii Teimurazovich Khukhuni et Anastasiya Dmitrievna Krasnikova. « Linguistic characteristics of the German letter of recommendation (diachronic aspect) ». Litera, n^o 3 (mars 2022) : 121–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.25136/2409-8698.2022.3.37379.

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This article discusses the features of letters of recommendation: types, structure and criteria for evaluating work certificates. The relevance of the work lies in the fact that letters of recommendation have been around for a long time and are an integral part of the business sphere in Germany. Given the lack of workbooks in Germany, providing a letter of recommendation for consideration by a potential employer is a prerequisite. This speech genre requires detailed attention and consideration from the point of view of linguistic and structural features. The object of research is the speech genre "recommendation letter". The subject of the study are structural and substantive features, types of letters of recommendation. The purpose of the work is to consider the types and features of letters of recommendation in the German language in a diachronic aspect. The scientific novelty of the research lies in the fact that for the first time the types and linguistic characteristics of the German-language recommendation letter are studied from the standpoint of diachrony. The research material was a German website containing archives of old letters of recommendation: Arbeitszeugnis-forum.de.In the course of the study, it was found out that the most preferable is a qualified letter of recommendation containing a detailed description of the employee and opening him a wider range of further career opportunities. Qualified recommendation letters in German have the following features: 1) a letter of recommendation must comply with the principles of truth and benevolence, therefore it must be written positively; 2) a qualified letter contains information about the work performed, various qualities and achievements of the employee, about his behavior among colleagues and clients, as well as thanks and wishes for the future. The analysis of letters of recommendation showed that until 1900, there were mainly simple working certificates in use in Germany. The letter of recommendation did not have a clear structure. The qualified certificate has received great relevance and has been supplemented with characteristics, approximately, since the 1940s.

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Fitzpatrick, Sheila. « Supplicants and Citizens : Public Letter-Writing in Soviet Russia in the 1930s ». Slavic Review 55, n^o 1 (1996) : 78–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2500979.

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“Which one of us had never written letters to the supreme powers…If they are preserved, these mountains of letters will be a veritable treasure trove for historians.” So wrote Nadezhda Mandelstam, always a sharp-eyed anthropologist of Soviet everyday life. Historians who have encountered this treasure trove in Soviet archives newly opened over the past few years are likely to agree. The great volume of public letter-writing–the “mountains” of complaints, denunciations, statements of opinion, appeals, threats and confessional outpourings that ordinary Russians sent to Soviet political leaders, party and government agencies, public figures, and newspapers–constitutes one of the major discoveries associated with the opening of the archives.

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Jaruki, Muhammad. « NASKAH DOKUMEN/SURAT RAJA KESULTANAN KALIMANTAN BARAT : KAJIAN STRUKTUR, PALEOGRAFI, DAN KEBAHASAAN (Royal Letter/Document of West Kalimantan Sultanate : Structure, Paleography, and Language) ». Kandai 13, n^o 1 (24 août 2017) : 137. http://dx.doi.org/10.26499/jk.v13i1.143.

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Issues disclosed in the research are the structure, the form and style, and language aspect used in Royal Letter/Document of Pontianak Sultan, West Kalimantan Sultanate. The aim of the research is to discribe and explain structure, the style of writing of Jawi script, and the language used in the script or letter of “Sultan Pontianak, Sultan Syarif Hamid Bin Sultan Syarif U'sman Alqodri to the Government of the Netherlands”. Using content analysis method to describe the structure, style, and language contained in those scripts, and diplomatic method for manuscript editing, the edited text produced is in accordance with the original. The analysis result shows that the script of "Letter of Agreement of the Dutch government with Pontianak Sultan, Sultan Syarif Hamid bin Sultan Syarif U'sman Alqodri" is classified as official letter which has the structure of (1) letter head, (2) opening words, (3) the contents of the letter, and (4) the date of the letter. Other parts or structure of the letter not included in the script are: mailing address, number of letters, attachments, subject, mailing address, signature, the name of the sender, and stamp. This letter is written mostly in Arabic typed riqa, taqwi, and muluqah. The language used in the script is Arabic and Dutch. The sentences structure of the manuscript however, does not comply with the language rules.

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Noval Madani, Ahmad, Muhammad Havas Asyari et Achmad Saifi Afandi. « Export and Import Procedure with Letter of Credit ». ASIAN Economic and Business Development 4, n^o 1 (2 juin 2022) : 91–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.54204/aebd/vol4no1july2022014.

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The purpose of this study is to analyze and examine international trade procedures using the Letter of Credit transaction method. The method used is a qualitative method of literature review studies and content analysis which produces various hypotheses from previous research as data sources. The results of this study are in the use of a Letter of Credit itself, there are several stages, namely, understanding, making comparisons, and reviewing activities in the field in the Letter of Credit procedure itself. In addition, there is a strategy in the use of a Letter of Credit which includes before issuance, at the time of application, and after opening, handling, as well as in sending documents. Furthermore, there are several problems in the use of a Letter of Credit, namely the Issuing Bank or the opening bank is a bank that has a small foreign exchange and its credibility is doubtful, the importer submits a request for a postponement from the disbursement of the Letter of Credit as well as problems that may arise.

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Thèses sur le sujet "Letter opening"

Pokorná, Klára. « Systém procesních auditů v oblasti zdravotnického průmyslu ». Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta podnikatelská, 2010. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-222735.

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The Master’s thesis deals with the area of conducting process audits in a large multinational corporation focused on manufacturing and distribution of medical devices, which has a subsidiary in the Czech Republic. The thesis discusses the analysis of the current set up of the internal audits‘ system in the corporation and there are changes of the quality system being proposed on the basis of the analysis, whose aim is to achieve a full compliance with the requirements of the US administration FDA, the standard ISO 13485 as well as the recent requirements on performing process audits. The emphasis is also put on the setting of the system such that it provides the highest possible added value for its users, can be easily implemented in practice and is flexible as well.

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Tunková, Martina. « Městské lázně ». Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta architektury, 2010. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-215713.

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Livres sur le sujet "Letter opening"

Compositional transitions in 1 Peter : An analysis of the letter-opening. San Francisco : International Scholars Publications, 1997.

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Epistularum Byzantinarum initia. Hildesheim : Olms-Weidmann, 2001.

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A sociolinguistic study of addressing, openings and closings in contemporary Chinese personal letters = : [Dang dai han yu si ren shu xin cheng wei, qi shi ji jie shu yu she hui yu yan xue yan jiu. Beijing : Ke xue chu ban she, 2008.

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Opening Paul's letters : A reader's guide to genre and interpretation. Grand Rapids, MI : Baker Academic, 2012.

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Dear Nel : Opening the circles of care (letters to Nel Noddings). New York, NY : Teachers College Press, 2012.

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Bennett, Scott. The elements of résumé style : Essential rules and eye-opening advice for writing résumés and cover letters that work. New York : Amacom, 2005.

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McKinney, Anne. Real-resumes for career changers : [actual resumes easy to personalize creating your own powerful, door-opening resume!]. Fayetteville, N.C : Prep Pub., 2012.

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Kimball, Arthur Samuel. Amimesis and the Signature : Grammatological Openings in The Scarlet Letter and Moby-Dick. Miami : University of Florida, 1988.

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Brand, John. A letter to **** *******, Esquire, on Buonaparte's proposals for opening a negotiation for peace : ... By J. Brand, ... Gale ECCO, Print Editions, 2010.

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Openings To Renewal Letters To The Church. ATF Press, 2011.

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Chapitres de livres sur le sujet "Letter opening"

Barley, Stephen R. « A Letter to Editors ». Dans Opening the Black Box of Editorship, 39–45. London : Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230582590_4.

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Lien, F. S., H. Ji et E. Yee. « Computational Modeling of Aerosol Hazard Arising from the Opening of an Anthrax Letter in an Open-Office Complex ». Dans New Trends in Fluid Mechanics Research, 407–10. Berlin, Heidelberg : Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-75995-9_131.

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Pérez-Guerra, Javier. « Discourse on a par with syntax, or the effects of the linguistic organisation of letters on the diachronic characterisation of the text type ». Dans Opening Windows on Texts and Discourses of the Past, 215–35. Amsterdam : John Benjamins Publishing Company, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/pbns.134.19per.

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McIntosh, Peggy. « An Opening Letter ». Dans On Privilege, Fraudulence, and Teaching As Learning, 1–4. Routledge, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781351133791-1.

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« LETTER OPENING, GREETING, AND THANKSGIVING (1–7) ». Dans Colossians and Philemon, 133–36. The Lutterworth Press, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/j.ctt1cg4kn2.15.

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« LETTER OPENING AND GREETING (1:1–2) ». Dans Colossians and Philemon, 33–35. The Lutterworth Press, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/j.ctt1cg4kn2.6.

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« Paul’s Letter Opening And Greek Epistolography : A Matter Of Relationship ». Dans Paul and the Ancient Letter Form, 33–55. BRILL, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/ej.9789004181632.i-369.13.

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« 2. Nathaniel Hawthorne’s The Scarlet Letter and the Opening of Fences ». Dans Poets of Protest, 33–104. transcript-Verlag, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.14361/9783839437452-003.

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« 2. Nathaniel Hawthorne’s The Scarlet Letter and the Opening of Fences ». Dans Poets of Protest, 33–104. transcript Verlag, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/9783839437452-003.

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Dickens, Charles. « Chapter XXXIX Further Adventures of Captain Edward Cuttle, Mariner ». Dans Dombey and Son. Oxford University Press, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/owc/9780199536283.003.0040.

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Time, sure of foot and strong of will, had so pressed onward, that the year enjoined by the old Instrument Maker, as the term during which his friend should refrain from opening the sealed packet accompanying the letter he had left for him, was...

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Actes de conférences sur le sujet "Letter opening"

Moffat, Katrina J., et D. Euan MacIntyre. « REGULATION OF RECEPTOR-OPERATED Ca2− CHANNEL OPENING IN HUMAN PLATELETS ». Dans XIth International Congress on Thrombosis and Haemostasis. Schattauer GmbH, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1644677.

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Agonist-induced elevation of the platelet intracellular free Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2−]i), as monitored using quin2, is not electrically mediated and is attenuated by removal of extracellular Ca2− and by lanthanides (e.g Gd3−).Collectively these data suggest that elevation of [Ca2−]i in platelets derives in part via influx of external Ca2−presumably through a receptor-operated Ca2− channel (ROC). Hal lam & Rink (FEBS Lett. 186: 175: 1985) showed that Mn2−also enters platelets via these ROC. To investigate the possible regulatory mechanisms that govern ROC status, we utilized quin2-labelled human platelets suspended in a Ca2+-free Hepes buffered Tyrodes solution, and monitored agonist-induced Mn2+-mediated quenching of quin2 fluorescence as an index of ROC opening.Thrombin (Th, 0.01-1 U/ml), Vasopressin (VP, 10-1000 nM) and the TxA2-mitnetic, EP171 (1-100 nM) all induced ROC opening which occurred rapidly (<30s), was maximal within 30-60s and thereafter declined. Gd3+ (≤2 mM) markedly impaired this Mn2ࢤ-mediated quenching of quin2 fluorescence induced by all 3 agonists. The adenylate cyclase stimulant PGD2 (3-3000 nM) and the guanylate cyclase stimulant sodium nitroprusside (0.01-10 μM) impaired ROC opening induced by Th (0.5 U/ml), VP (100 nM) and EP171 (25 nM) whether added to platelets ≤120sbefore or 30s after the agonists. In contrast, agents that selectively antagonize, at the receptor level, the effects of VP (e.g. d(CH2)5Tyr Me AVP, 10 ¼H) or EP171 (e.g.EP092, 250nM), or that inhibit the action of Th(e.g. Hirudin 1 U/ml)only impaired ROC opening when added to platelets simultaneously with or before the agonist.These results indicate that, although initiated by agonist-receptor interaction, maintenance of the open state of ROC in human platelets does not require continued receptor occupancy or activation by agonist. Moreover, besides acting to impair the transduction processes initiated following occupancy by agonist of platelet Vi, TP and Thrombin receptors, cAMP-and cGMP-dependent reactions also can terminate or otherwise limit opening of ROC.

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Salamone, Giancarlo. « Towards the contemporary city. Reading method of post-unification restructuring of Trastevere in Rome ». Dans 24th ISUF 2017 - City and Territory in the Globalization Age. Valencia : Universitat Politècnica València, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/isuf2017.2017.6046.

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Towards the contemporary city. Reading method of post-unification restructuring of Trastevere in Rome Giancarlo Salamone Dipartimento di Architettura e Progetto. Università degli Studi di Roma “La Sapienza”. Roma. via Flaminia, 359. 00196 Roma. Dottorato di Ricerca in Architettura e Costruzione. Università degli Studi di Roma “La Sapienza”. Roma. via Antonio Gramsci, 53. 00197 Roma. E-mail: giancarlo.salamone@uniroma1.it Keywords (3-5): Restructuring, Rome, Trastevere, process, reading method, tools, analysis in urban morphology Conference topics and scale: Tools of analysis in urban morphology Trastevere, the only area of the historic center of Rome (together with the Vatican / Borgo complex) located on the right side of the Tiber river, shows a morphological structure that depends on the pre-existing substrate, both road that typological, which was modified during the post-unity period by the establishment of the Tiber fronts and, above all, by the opening of Viale Trastevere. In the way of thinking about urban morphology as a scalar product of the factors that influence each other, in particular building typology, local structure, overall structure and territory, and that contribute together to generate an organism, it is therefore possible to read this part of the historical center as the last product, but not definitive, of a "process". The reading method on the consolidated structure, later renovated in a post-unification era, is based on the analysis of the most abundant building typology and on the permanence and derivations of local typological processes that led to the formulation of the “line house” in nineteenth-century line, the predominant building type of roman expansion in nineteenth-twentieth century. The reading of the restructuring, understood as synchronic action on the historical center, has been implemented instead by the analysis of synchronic variations at “line house” through the research of all projects registered for the edification of each block. Thus we can see how the blocks resulting from the transformation, in the logic of a restructuring "contromaglia" like the one for the opening of Viale Trastevere, will be the result of the disconnection of the existing blocks in which the building type adopted has had to adapt to a lower return situations: a reading of a synchronic action on a diachronic process that gives us the modern morphological apparatus. References Muratori, S., Bollati, R., Bollati, S. and Marinucci, G. (1963) Studi per una operante storia urbana di Roma (Consiglio Nazionale delle ricerche, Roma). Maffei, G. L. and Caniggia, G. (1979) Lettura dell’edilizia di base (Marsilio, Venezia). Maffei, G. L. and Caniggia, G. (1984) Progetto nell’edilizia di base (Marsilio, Venezia). Vaccaro, P. and Ameri, M. (1984) Progetto e realtà nell’edilizia romana dal XVI al XIX secolo (Edizioni Calosci, Cortona). Corsini, M. G. (2001) Il tessuto e l’edilizia progettati in Italia dal 1870 al 1930. Permanenza e derivazioni dei processi tipologici locali (Edizioni Kappa, Roma). Archivio Storico Capitolino, archival sources on restructuring area of Trastevere and permanence and derivations of local typological processes.

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Rapports d'organisations sur le sujet "Letter opening"

Carlsson, Magnus, Stefan Eriksson et Dan-Olof Rooth. Language Proficiency and Hiring of Immigrants : Evidence from a New Field Experimental Approach. Linnaeus University, School of Business and Economics, Department of Economics and Statistics., avril 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.15626/ns.wp.2023.1.

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Labor markets in advanced economies have undergone substantial change in recentdecades due to globalization, technological improvements, and organizational changes. Due tothese developments, oral and written language skills have become increasingly important evenin less skilled jobs. Immigrants – who often have limited skills in the host country languageupon arrival – are likely to be particularly affected by the increase in language requirements.Despite this increase in literacy requirements, little is known about how immigrants’ languageproficiency is rewarded in the labor market. However, estimating the causal effect ofimmigrants’ language skills on hiring is challenging due to potential biases caused by omittedvariables, reverse causality, and measurement error.To address identification problems, we conduct a large-scale field experiment, where wesend thousands of fictitious resumes to employers with a job opening. With the help of aprofessional linguist, we manipulate the cover letters by introducing common second-languagefeatures, which makes the resumes reflect variation in the language skills of real-worldmigrants. Our findings show that better language proficiency in the cover letter has a strongpositive effect on the callback rate for a job interview: moving from the lowest level of languageproficiency to a level similar to natives almost doubles the callback rate. Consistent with therecent development that language proficiency is also important for many low- and mediumskilledjobs, the effect of better language skills does not vary across the vastly different typesof occupations we study. Finally, the results from employer surveys suggest that it is improvedlanguage skills per se that is the dominant explanation behind the language proficiency effect,rather than language skills acting as a proxy for other unobserved abilities or characteristics.

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