Littérature scientifique sur le sujet « Lexical morphemes »
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Articles de revues sur le sujet "Lexical morphemes"
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Yablonski, Maya, et Michal Ben-Shachar. « The Morpheme Interference Effect in Hebrew ». Linguistic Perspectives on Morphological Processing 11, no 2 (18 juillet 2016) : 277–307. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/ml.11.2.05yab.
Texte intégralRésumé :
An extensive body of psycholinguistic research suggests that word reading involves morphological decomposition: Individual morphemes are extracted and lexically accessed when skilled readers are presented with multi-morphemic orthographic stimuli. This view is supported by the Morpheme Interference Effect (MIE): Responses to pseudowords that contain real morphemes are slower and less accurate than responses to pseudowords that contain invented morphemes. The MIE was previously demonstrated in several languages with linear morphologies. Here, we examined whether the MIE applies to Hebrew, a language with an interleaved morphology, and whether it generalizes across the nominal and verbal domains. Participants performed a lexical decision task on visually presented Hebrew words and pseudowords derived from real or invented roots. The results showed robust MIEs in both the verbal and nominal domains. Specifically, pseudowords derived from real roots induced significantly lower accuracy and longer response times compared to pseudowords derived from invented roots. Participants’ verbal and nominal MIEs were significantly correlated, suggesting that the MIE captures a general sensitivity to morphological structure.
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Safarova, U. « Lexical Contamination in French : Morphological Aspect ». Bulletin of Science and Practice 5, no 12 (15 décembre 2019) : 523–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.33619/2414-2948/49/64.
Texte intégralRésumé :
The author studies the complex of contaminated formations of various levels in the linguistic system taking into consideration principles, revealing their pragmatic peculiarities on the level of speech realization. The author notes that morphological base of contaminated words is provided by joining of morphemes with partial pushing of one into another. With this, one common starting morpheme is formed of two root morphemes of starting material. In order to form joint words free syntactic construction is used, its stereotype character and frequent reiteration in various spheres of linguistic communication.
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Lee, Gary Geunbae, Jeongwon Cha et Jong-Hyeok Lee. « Syllable-Pattern-Based Unknown-Morpheme Segmentation and Estimation for Hybrid Part-of-Speech Tagging of Korean ». Computational Linguistics 28, no 1 (mars 2002) : 53–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/089120102317341774.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Most errors in Korean morphological analysis and part-of-speech (POS) tagging are caused by unknown morphemes. This paper presents a syllable-pattern-based generalized unknown-morpheme-estimation method with POSTAG (POStech TAGger), 1 which is a statistical and rule-based hybrid POS tagging system. This method of guessing unknown morphemes is based on a combination of a morpheme pattern dictionary that encodes general lexical patterns of Korean morphemes with a posteriori syllable trigram estimation. The syllable trigrams help to calculate lexical probabilities of the unknown morphemes and are utilized to search for the best tagging result. This method can guess the POS tags of unknown morphemes regardless of their numbers and/or positions in an eojeol (a Korean spacing unit similar to an English word), which is not possible with other systems for tagging Korean. In a series of experiments using three different domain corpora, the system achieved a 97% tagging accuracy even though 10% of the morphemes in the test corpora were unknown. It also achieved very high coverage and accuracy of estimation for all classes of unknown morphemes. 1 The binary code of POSTAG is open to the public for research and evaluation purposes at http://nlp.postech.ac.kr/. Follow the link OpenResources→DownLoad.
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Bybee, Joan. « Word frequency and context of use in the lexical diffusion of phonetically conditioned sound change ». Language Variation and Change 14, no 3 (octobre 2002) : 261–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0954394502143018.
Texte intégralRésumé :
The literature on frequency effects in lexical diffusion shows that even phonetically gradual changes that in some cases are destined to be lexically regular show lexical diffusion while they are in progress. Change that is both phonetically and lexically gradual presents a serious challenge to theories with phonemic underlying forms. An alternate exemplar model that can account for lexical variation in phonetic detail is outlined here. This model predicts that the frequency with which words are used in the contexts for change will affect how readily the word undergoes a change in progress. This prediction is tested on data from /t, d/ deletion in American English. Finally, the effect of bound morphemes on the diffusion of a sound change is examined. The data suggest that instances of a bound morpheme can affect the rate of change for that morpheme overall.
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Gafni, Chen, Maya Yablonski et Michal Ben-Shachar. « Morphological sensitivity generalizes across modalities ». Mental Lexicon 14, no 1 (11 novembre 2019) : 37–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/ml.18020.gaf.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Abstract A growing body of psycholinguistic research suggests that visual and auditory word recognition involve morphological decomposition: Individual morphemes are extracted and lexically accessed when participants are presented with multi-morphemic stimuli. This view is supported by the Morpheme Interference Effect (MIE), where responses to pseudowords that contain real morphemes are slower and less accurate than responses to pseudowords that contain invented morphemes. The MIE was previously demonstrated primarily for visually presented stimuli. Here, we examine whether individuals’ sensitivity to morphological structure generalizes across modalities. Participants performed a lexical decision task on visually and auditorily presented Hebrew stimuli, including pseudowords derived from real or invented roots. The results show robust MIEs in both modalities. We further show that visual MIE is consistently stronger than auditory MIE, both at the group level and at the individual level. Finally, the data show a significant correlation between visual and auditory MIEs at the individual level. These findings suggest that the MIE reflects a general sensitivity to morphological structure, which varies considerably across individuals, but is largely consistent across modalities within individuals. Thus, we propose that the MIE captures an important aspect of language processing, rather than a property specific to visual word recognition.
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Gerner, Matthias, et Zhang Ling. « Zero morphemes in paradigms ». Studies in Language 44, no 1 (6 mai 2020) : 1–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/sl.16085.ger.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Abstract This paper sheds a new light on the notion of zero morphemes in inflectional paradigms: on their formal definition (§ 1), on the way of counting them (§ 2–3) and on the way of conceptualizing them at a deeper, mathematical level (§ 4). We define (zero) morphemes in the language of cartesian set products and propose a method of counting them that applies the lexical relations of homophony, polysemy, allomorphy and synonymy to inflectional paradigms (§ 2). In this line, two homophonic or synonymous morphemes are different morphemes, while two polysemous and allomorphic morphemes count as one morpheme (§ 3). In analogy to the number zero in mathematics, zero morphemes can be thought of either as minimal elements in a totally ordered set or as neutral element in a set of opposites (§ 4). Implications for language acquisition are discussed in the conclusion (§ 5).
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Iverson, Gregory K. « The Revised Alternation Condition in Lexical Phonology ». Nordic Journal of Linguistics 10, no 2 (décembre 1987) : 151–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0332586500001633.
Texte intégralRésumé :
The present paper makes a case for retention of the (Revised) Alternation Condition in Lexical Phonology, a theory in which any single rule which presebts beytralizing, lexical effects restricted to derived forms along with allophonic, derivationally unterstricted dffects is cominally impossible. However, Korean obstruent palatalization does display both of these properties, whereby /t, th/ neutralize with /ĉ, ĉh/ before [i], but only if the [i] occurs in another morpheme (cf. /path + i/→ [paĉhi] ‘field-SUBJ’ vs. monomorphemic [pathi] ‘endure’), whereas / s / acquires the palatal allophone [∫[ before [i] both within ([∫i] ‘poem’) and between (/os + i/→ [o∫i] ‘cloth-SUBJ’) morphemes. The Revised Alternation Condition alone imposes just this restriction on a single palatalization rule functioning both lexically and post-lexically in Korean, which suggests that its removal from the theory is premature.
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Myers, James. « Chinese as a natural experiment ». Mental Lexicon 5, no 3 (31 décembre 2010) : 421–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/ml.5.3.09mye.
Texte intégralRésumé :
The Chinese lexicon is characterized by its typologically unique one-to-one-to-one mapping of morphemes, syllables, and orthographic characters. This architecture poses practical difficulties for the psycholinguist wanting to study lexical processing in Chinese. More seriously, seen as a natural experiment, Chinese challenges assumptions that processing models traditionally make about the roles of phonemes, morphemes, lemmas, and words in lexical access. It is argued that cross-linguistic variation in lexical processing cannot be accommodated by simply modifying lexical processing models, but instead what is needed is a universal learning model. Suggestions are given for how such a model could be tested empirically by extending methods already used for testing language-specific lexical processing.
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QUÉMART, PAULINE, et SÉVERINE CASALIS. « Visual processing of derivational morphology in children with developmental dyslexia : Insights from masked priming ». Applied Psycholinguistics 36, no 2 (16 mai 2013) : 345–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s014271641300026x.
Texte intégralRésumé :
ABSTRACTWe investigated whether children with dyslexia rely on derivational morphology during visual word recognition and how the semantic and form properties of morphemes influence this processing. We conducted two masked priming experiments, in which we manipulated the semantic overlap (Experiment 1) and the form overlap (Experiment 2) between morphologically related pairs of words. In each experiment, French dyslexic readers as well as reading-level matched and chronological-age matched children performed a lexical decision task. Significant priming effects were observed in all groups, indicating that their lexicon is organized around morpheme units. Furthermore, the dyslexics’ processing of written morphology is mainly influenced by the semantic properties of morphemes, whereas children from the two control groups are mainly influenced by their form properties.
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HASENÄCKER, JANA, et SASCHA SCHROEDER. « Syllables and morphemes in German reading development : Evidence from second graders, fourth graders, and adults ». Applied Psycholinguistics 38, no 3 (21 novembre 2016) : 733–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0142716416000412.
Texte intégralRésumé :
ABSTRACTChildren have been found to use units such as syllables and morphemes in fine-grained reading processes, before they transition to a coarse-grained, holistic route. Which units they prefer at different stages in reading development is unresolved. The present study compares the use of syllables and morphemes. Second graders, fourth graders, and adults performed a lexical decision task on multimorphemic and monomorphemic words and pseudowords that were visually disrupted either syllable-congruent or syllable-incongruent (i.e., morpheme-congruent in multimorphemic items). Syllables turned out to be the preferred unit of fine-grained processing for second graders, while fourth graders also used morphemes when morphemes were emphasized by the presentation format. Moreover, the study supports the assumption that children rely more on fine-grained processing, while adults have more coarse-grained processing.
Thèses sur le sujet "Lexical morphemes"
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Alhanai, Tuka (Tuka Waddah Talib Ali Al Hanai). « Lexical and Language Modeling of Diacritics and Morphemes in Arabic Automatic Speech Recognition ». Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/87941.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Thesis: S.M., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, 2014.Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (pages 69-72).
Arabic is a morphologically rich language which rarely displays diacritics. These two features of the language pose challenges when building Automatic Speech Recognition (ASR) systems. Morphological complexity leads to many possible combinations of stems and affixes to form words, and produces texts with high Out Of Vocabulary (OOV) rates. In addition, texts rarely display diacritics which informs the reader about short vowels, geminates, and nunnations (word ending /n/). A lack of diacritics means that 30% of textual information is missing, causing ambiguities in lexical and language modeling when attempting to model pronunciations, and the context of a particular pronunciation. Intuitively, from an English centric view, the phrase th'wrtr wrt n thwrt with 'morphological decomposition' is realized as, th wrtr wrt n th wrt. Including 'diacritics' produces, the writer wrote in the writ. Thus our investigations in this thesis are twofold. Firstly, we show the benefits and interactions between modeling all classes of diacritics (short vowels, geminates, nunnations) in the lexicon. On a Modern Standard Arabic (MSA) corpus of broadcast news, this provides a 1.9% absolute improvement in Word Error Rate (WER) (p < 0.001). We also extend this graphemic lexicon with pronunciation rules, yielding a significant improvement over a lexicon that does not explicitly nodel diacritics. This results in a of 2.4% absolute improvement in WER (p < 0.001). Secondly, we show the benefits of language modeling at the morphemic level with diacritics, over the commonly available, word-based, nondiacratized text. This yields an absolute WER improvement of 1.0% (p < 0.001).
by Tuka Al Hanai.
S.M.
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Manegre, Marni. « The combination of lexical morphemes, forming co-ordinate compounds and blends in child language ». Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2001. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp04/MQ60466.pdf.
Texte intégral
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Wray, Samantha, et Samantha Wray. « Decomposability and the Effects of Morpheme Frequency in Lexical Access ». Diss., The University of Arizona, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/621751.
Texte intégralRésumé :
This dissertation addresses an unanswered question in Arabic psycholinguistics. Arabic words are characterized by their nonconcatenative structure, in which a consonantal root that encodes the main semantic content is interleaved with a derivational pattern (called "binyan", pl. "binyanim"), which is typically vocalic but may also contain consonantal elements and contributes grammatical information. The canonical example of the Semitic root and binyan system is the combination of root /ktb/ which denotes the broad semantic sense of "writing" with verbal binyan /CaCaC/ (with Cindicating a root consonant) to form [katab] "he wrote" and with nominal place binyan/maCCaC/ to form [maktab] "office". Although significant work has been done on the psycholinguistic reality of Arabic morphemes by exploring various phonological, morphological and semantic features across numerous experimental modalities in both the visual and auditory domains (Boudelaa and Marslen-Wilson, 2004, 2005, 2011), no study has investigated the roles of base/morpheme frequency and surface/word frequency and their implications for underlying morphological structure in the lexicon of Arabic as has been done for English, Dutch, and Finnish (Baayen et al., 1997; Alegre and Gordon, 1999; New et al., 2004; Taft, 1979, 2004). Competing models of word recognition propose various integrations of morphology. Whole-word models suggest that there are no separate representations for morphemes, and that the co-activation of related words can be attributed to similarity in form and meaning (Norris and McQueen, 2008; Tyler et al., 1988). Decomposition models posit that words are recognized by accessing the words' constituent morphemes (Meunierand Segui, 1999; Taft et al., 1986; Wurm, 2000). Hybrid models incorporate multiple pathways to recognition. Words are either recognized holistically or by their constituent morphemes depending on multiple factors (Balling and Baayen, 2008; Taftand Nguyen-Hoan, 2010; Lopez-Villasenor, 2012). Of most relevance to the current study is the role of the productivity of the words' derivational affixes: words with unproductive affixes are processed holistically whereas words with productive affixes are processed as a function of their morphemes. This dissertation presents results from four auditory lexical decision experiments performed with native Jordanian speakers in Amman, Jordan, and provides evidence that binyan productivity determines whether the frequency of the base morpheme affects the speed of recognition. By manipulating root and word frequency for three binyanim, one more productive and two less productive, I provide evidence that verbs in the productive binyan are fully decomposable during lexical access and verbs in less productive binyanim are recognized holistically. For a more productive binyan, I examine Binyan I of the form /CaCaC/, and two less productive binyanim are Binyan VIII of the form /iCtaCaC/and Binyan X of the form /staCCaC/. These results together support a hybrid model of lexical access in which some words are recognized via decomposition into the morphemes they are composed of, and others are recognized by their whole word form. These results are consistent with those of Balling and Baayen (2008); Taft and Nguyen-Hoan (2010); Bertramet al. (2000), among others, as derivational affix productivity is the deciding factor determining whether a word will be recognized holistically or decomposed during lexical access.
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Libben, Gary. « Morpheme decomposition and the mental lexicon : evidence from the visual recognition of compounds ». Thesis, McGill University, 1987. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=72089.
Texte intégralRésumé :
This study presents an experimental investigation of morpheme decomposition in the visual recognition of English compounds. It discusses linguistic and psycholinguistic perspectives of the mental lexicon and the role of compound recognition data in the formulation of hypotheses about lexical access and representations.In a series of three experiments it was found that existing compounds such as "warehouse" appear to be represented in the mental lexicon as morphologically-complex full forms. On the other hand, novel compounds such as "winehouse" appear to be decomposed into their constituent morphemes in the process of word recognition. It was also found that the constraints of English orthography play a significant role in the interpretation of novel compounds. The locus of the orthographic effect, however, appears to be post-lexical.
The results of this study of compound recognition are consistent with a view of the lexicon as a self-reorganizing store of knowledge, which is characterized by cost-free storage and access.
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Tan, Song. « L’analyse phonologique, syntaxique et lexicale des spécificités du mandarin du Nord-Est parlé au Liaoning ». Thesis, Sorbonne université, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020SORUL140.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Le mandarin du Nord-Est est une variété du mandarin parlée dans le Nord-Est de la Chine, région que l’on appelait autrefois la Mandchourie. Cette variété du mandarin est considérée comme étant proche de la langue standard et il existe peu d’analyses rigoureuses concernant ses spécificités. Cette thèse se donne pour objectif de décrire et d’analyser aux niveaux phonologique, syntaxique et lexicale le mandarin du Nord-Est parlé dans le Liaoning (province la plus peuplée du Nord-Est). Ce travail a été réalisé suite à la collecte des données orales enregistrées avec des informateurs de différentes générations. S’appuyant sur les préceptes de la théorie fonctionnaliste et respectant le principe de pertinence aux niveaux des unités de première et de deuxième articulation, ce travail tente d’établir le système phonologique de cette variété en montrant clairement les particularités. Au niveau syntaxique, cette thèse cherche à mettre en valeur des spécificités grammaticales en partant des faits réels langagiers et s’intéresse enfin à l’analyse lexicale qui traite à la fois des lexèmes empruntés et des lexèmes propres à cette variété. L’influence de la langue standard par le biais de la scolarité, de la littérature et des médias fait que le mandarin du Nord-Est tend à se perdre en contexte formel. La comparaison avec le mandarin standard est aussi présente dans cette thèse pour faciliter la compréhension des changements, permettant ainsi de donner un reflet exact de la vitalité du mandarin du Nord-Est. Avec des données utilisables pour tous, cette thèse est destinée à ceux qui s’intéressent à la linguistique chinoise dont les recherches ne cessent de se développer depuis de nombreuses annéesNortheastern Mandarin is a variety of Mandarin that is spoken in Northeastern China, a region formerly known as Manchuria. This variety of Mandarin is considered to be very close to the standard language and there exists only a few rigorous analyses regarding its specific characteristics. This thesis aims to describe and analyse the phonology, syntax and lexicon of Northeastern Mandarin spoken in the province of Liaoning (the most populous province of the Northeast), it was carried out on the basis of numerous field surveys allowing the collection of oral data recorded with speakers of different generations. Based on the precepts of functionalist theory and respecting the principle of relevance at the levels of the first and second articulation units, this work attempts to establish the phonological system of this variety by showing clearly its particularities. At the level of syntax, this thesis seeks to highlight grammatical specificities starting from real linguistic facts and focuses on lexical analysis which deals not only with lexemes specific to this variety, but also with the adaptation of borrowings. The influence of the standard language, through education, literature, and the media makes that Mandarin of the Northeast tends to get lost in formal context. The comparison with standard Mandarin is present throughout this work in order facilitate understanding of the changes, thus allowing to give an exact reflection of the vitality of this regiolect. With data which can be used by everyone, this thesis is for all linguits interested in Chinese dialectology or more broadly in Chinese linguistics whose research has continued to develop for many years
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Prieto, Gastón. « ”¿Me pasarías la blåbärssylt?” : Lexikaliskt inskott och genusval : hur infödda talare av spanska väljer grammatiskt genus när de skjuter in svenska substantiv i spanskt tal ». Thesis, Stockholms universitet, Centrum för tvåspråkighetsforskning, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-169410.
Texte intégralRésumé :
När en infödd talare av spanska med hög behärskningsnivå i svenska samtalar med en annan individ med liknande språkbakgrund är det inte sällan fraser som ”¿me pasarías la blåbärssylt?” (”kan du skicka blåbärssylten, tack?”) uppstår. Lexikaliskt inskott (eng. noun insertion), d.v.s. att skjuta in substantiv från andraspråket i för övrigt förstaspråksdominerat tal, är ett vanligt förekommande fenomen hos tvåspråkiga. Men vad händer när de två samspelande språken har asymmetriska genussystem som spanskans och svenskans? Vilket spanskt grammatiskt genus ska man då tillskriva de inskjutna svenska enheterna som ”blåbärssylt” i rubriken? Och vad är det som styr dessa val? Två hypoteser ställs upp för att försöka få svar på dessa frågor: genusvalet styrs i större utsträckning av det inskjutna substantivets ändelsemorfem, eller så styrs det i större utsträckning av dess översättningsmotsvarighet. För att testa dessa två hypoteser genomfördes ett experiment med 30 infödda spansktalare med svenska som andraspråk där de ombads attribuera ett spanskt grammatiskt genus, maskulinum eller femininum, till en del svenska substantiv i två olika uppgifter, en lucktext och en ordlista. Resultaten visade att både de olika stimuliordens ändelsemorfem och översättningsmotsvarighet spelade en signifikativ roll för val av grammatiskt genus, och att översättningsmotsvarighet hade en relativt större påverkan på genusvalet jämfört med ändelsemorfem. Detta kan eventuellt peka på att genus hos infödda spansktalare upplevs som en inherent egenskap hos själva referenten, med påtagliga konsekvenser för hur de ser på och tänker kring omvärlden.
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Hui, Hsien Lee. « Taiwan EFL Learners' Acquisition of English Temporal Morphemes in Reference to Lexical Semantics of Verbs in Mandarin And English ». 2006. http://www.cetd.com.tw/ec/thesisdetail.aspx?etdun=U0002-0602200622171200.
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Lee, Hui Hsien, et 李慧嫺. « Taiwan EFL Learners'&apos ; Acquisition of English Temporal Morphemes in Reference to Lexical Semantics of Verbs in Mandarin And English ». Thesis, 2006. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/93472921377336811463.
Texte intégralRésumé :
博士淡江大學
英文學系博士班
94
Since the morpheme studies of the 1970s, the investigation into how L2 learners acquire the tense and aspect morphology has been the focus of many descriptive and pedagogical accounts of languages. It is suggested that knowledge of how learners actually use the tense-aspect forms (both appropriately and inappropriately) would be a contributing factor to the implementation and effectiveness of certain pedagogical methodologies. Hence, the purpose of the study is to investigate whether the distributions of verbal inflections -ed and -ing were in accord with the predictions of Aspect Hypothesis since they are an indicator of the developing temporal system. In addition, the present study also concerns how temporal notions and structures of learners’ L1 affect their learning of English tense and aspect system. Participants were 105 English majors from two universities and one institute of technology in northern Taiwan. They were asked to carry out a number of tasks including a narrative writing task, a cloze test, a translation test, a multiple choice test containing tense and aspect questions and a multiple choice translation test. Data were collected in two separate phases with an interval of three weeks and analyzed by means of across and within category analyses and SPSS. Specifically, the statistical procedures include descriptive analyses, t-tests, and one-way ANOVAs. The results indicate that learners’ use of verbal inflections -ed and -ing were in line with the predictions of aspect hypothesis in that the progressive -ing were mostly attached to activity verbs and the past -ed were often attached to accomplishment and achievement verbs. As to the role of L1 temporal notions in the development of English tense and aspect system, it is found that a) form and meaning did not develop to the same degree, b) aspect is developed prior to tense, and c) learners’ uses of English present perfect, past perfect and inflection -ing were under the constraint of their mother tongue. On the basis of the findings, pedagogical implications, the limitations of the present study and recommendations for further study are provided.
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Πανταζοπούλου, Ευαγγελία-Τζέσικα. « Ορθογραφική ακρίβεια και ορθογραφική συνέπεια στην απόδοση λεξικών και παραγωγικών μορφημάτων της ελληνικής γλώσσας από μαθητές με και χωρίς δυσκολίες στο γραπτό λόγο ». Thesis, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10889/8606.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Η παρούσα έρευνα επικεντρώθηκε στη μελέτη ζητημάτων που αφορούν στη μορφολογική πλευρά της ορθογραφίας, γιατί σε αυτήν φαίνεται να είναι μεγαλύτερες οι δυσκολίες που συναντούν οι μαθητές με και χωρίς δυσκολίες στο γραπτό λόγο. Ειδικότερα, η έρευνα αυτή επιχείρησε να εξετάσει την ορθογραφική απόδοση των βασικών λέξεων και των μορφολογικά πολύπλοκων παράγωγών τους, από ελληνόφωνους μαθητές τυπικής ανάπτυξης και μαθητές με αναγνωστικές και ορθογραφικές δυσκολίες, που φοιτούν στο δημοτικό σχολείο. Πιο συγκεκριμένα, δείγμα της έρευνας αποτέλεσαν 66 μαθητές που φοιτούσαν στις Δ΄ και Στ΄ τάξεις του δημοτικού σχολείου.
Αρχικά, οι μαθητές εξετάστηκαν σε ορισμένες προδοκιμασίες, οι οποίες αξιολογούσαν τη μη λεκτική νοημοσύνη, τη βραχύχρονη μνήμη και τις αναγνωστικές και ορθογραφικές δεξιότητές τους. Τα αποτελέσματα από τις δοκιμασίες αυτές, οδήγησαν στην επιλογή των μαθητών που θα συγκροτούσαν την κάθε ομάδα αλλά και στις εξισώσεις των ομάδων μεταξύ τους. Οι ερευνητικές ομάδες ήταν τρεις: η πειραματική ομάδα και οι δύο ομάδες ελέγχου. Η πειραματική ομάδα περιείχε 21 μαθητές της Στ΄ τάξης με αναγνωστικές και ορθογραφικές δυσκολίες, η ομάδα ελέγχου Ι περιείχε 21 μαθητές τυπικής ανάπτυξης της Στ΄ τάξης και η ομάδα ελέγχου ΙΙ απαρτιζόταν από 24 μαθητές τυπικής ανάπτυξης της Δ΄ τάξης. Η πειραματική ομάδα εξισώθηκε ως προς τη χρονολογική ηλικία και το νοητικό επίπεδο με την ομάδα ελέγχου Ι και με την ομάδα ελέγχου ΙΙ ως προς το αναγνωστικό, ορθογραφικό και νοητικό επίπεδο.
Έπειτα, οι μαθητές εξετάστηκαν στην πειραματική ορθογραφική δοκιμασία με στόχο την εξέταση της ορθογραφικής ακρίβειας, της ορθογραφικής συνέπειας και του συνυπολογισμού της ορθογραφικής ακρίβειας και συνέπειάς τους, σε σχέση με την
απόδοση λεξικών μορφημάτων και παραγωγικών επιθημάτων λέξεων της ελληνικής γλώσσας. Οι λέξεις που συμπεριλήφθηκαν στη δοκιμασία αυτή έλαβαν τη μορφή ‘Βάση – Παράγωγη’ λ.χ. διαφημίζω-διαφημίσεις. Για τον υπολογισμό της ορθογραφικής ακρίβειας, τα λεξικά μορφήματα και τα παραγωγικά επιθήματα των λέξεων χωρίστηκαν σε 140 λεξικά τμήματα-στόχοι. Για τον υπολογισμό της ορθογραφικής συνέπειας, ομαδοποιήθηκαν τα λεξικά τμήματα που θα συγκρίνονταν μεταξύ τους σε 52 ομάδες λεξικών τμημάτων.
Τα κυριότερα αποτελέσματα ήταν τα εξής: όσον αφορά στις συσχετίσεις, προέκυψαν στατιστικώς σημαντικοί δείκτες μεταξύ όλων των τιμών των ανεξάρτητων μεταβλητών μεταξύ τους, καθώς και μεταξύ των τελευταίων και των εξαρτημένων μεταβλητών «ποσοστό ορθογραφικής ακρίβειας», «ποσοστό ορθογραφικής συνέπειας» και «ποσοστό ορθογραφικής ακρίβειας και συνέπειας» της πειραματικής ορθογραφικής δοκιμασίας, με εξαίρεση τη μη λεκτική νοημοσύνη, η οποία φάνηκε να συσχετίζεται σημαντικά μόνο με τις δύο τελευταίες.
Επιπλέον, σε όλες τις μετρήσεις της πειραματικής ορθογραφικής δοκιμασίας, οι μαθητές της Στ΄ τάξης με αναγνωστικές και ορθογραφικές δυσκολίες σημείωσαν χαμηλότερη επίδοση στην ορθογραφική απόδοση των λεξικών μορφημάτων και παραγωγικών επιθημάτων των λέξεων-στόχων συγκριτικά με τους τυπικούς συνομηλίκους τους. Παράλληλα, είχαν παρόμοια επίδοση σε σχέση με τους νεαρότερους τυπικούς μαθητές της Δ΄ τάξης. Ακόμα, οι τρεις ομάδες είχαν καλύτερη επίδοση στην ορθογραφική απόδοση των λεξικών μορφημάτων και παραγωγικών επιθημάτων των ουσιαστικών και των επιθέτων συγκριτικά με αυτήν των ρημάτων.
Τα ευρήματα αυτά, επιβεβαιώνουν το προφίλ των μαθητών με δυσκολίες στο γραπτό λόγο που έχει φανεί σε προγενέστερες έρευνες, δηλαδή ότι υπάρχει μία καθυστέρηση στις ορθογραφικές δεξιότητες των μαθητών με αναγνωστικές και ορθογραφικές δυσκολίες σε σχέση με την ηλικία που διανύουν. Επιπρόσθετα, τα υψηλά ποσοστά των τριών ομάδων στην ορθογραφική συνέπεια μάς επιτρέπουν τον ισχυρισμό πως οι μαθητές χρησιμοποιούν μορφολογικές στρατηγικές κατά την παραγωγή ορθογραφημένης γραφής. Ωστόσο, οι τυπικοί μαθητές της Στ΄ φαίνεται να χρησιμοποιούν πιο εκτεταμένα τις μορφολογικές στρατηγικές, αφού παρήγαγαν περισσότερες συνεπείς και σωστές ορθογραφικές αποδόσεις των κοινών λεξικών τμημάτων σε σύγκριση με τους συνομήλικους μαθητές με αναγνωστικές και ορθογραφικές δυσκολίες και τους τυπικούς μαθητές της Δ΄ τάξης. Αν και τα αποτελέσματα της ορθογραφικής συνέπειας ενισχύουν τη χρήση μορφολογικών στρατηγικών, δεν αποκλείουν τη χρήση άλλων στρατηγικών στις οποίες εμπλέκεται ο παράγοντας της μνήμης (λ.χ. απομνημονευτικές στρατηγικές.
Τέλος, αν και οι τυπικοί μαθητές της Στ΄ τάξης είχαν σημείωσαν υψηλότερο συνολικό ποσοστό ορθογραφικής ακρίβειας σε σύγκριση με τις άλλες δύο ομάδες, υπήρξαν περιπτώσεις λεξικών τμημάτων, κατά την ορθογραφική απόδοση των οποίων, οι μαθητές και των τριών ερευνητικών ομάδων σημείωσαν είτε υψηλό είτε χαμηλό ποσοστό ορθογραφικής ακρίβειας. Η απουσία στατιστικώς σημαντικής διαφοράς στις περιπτώσεις αυτές, αποτελεί πηγή προβληματισμού και αναδεικνύει το ζήτημα του ρόλου της ορθογραφικής επεξεργασίας εκάστης λέξης.The present study focused on the examination of matters related to the morphological aspect of spelling. This seems to pose great difficulties to students with or without reading and spelling difficulties. Particularly, this study attempts to examine the spelling of the base and the derived words by Greek-speaking typical achievement students and students with reading and spelling difficulties, all which attended primary school. The participants of this study were 66 fourth and sixth graders. Initially, as part of the testing, students completed a battery of pretests which evaluated their nonverbal intelligence, short-term memory and reading and spelling skills. The results of these tests led to the selection of the students that would form each group and the matching of the groups. Three research groups of participants took part in this study: an experimental group and two control groups. The experimental group consisted of 21 typical achievement sixth graders, control group I consisted of 21 sixth graders with reading and spelling difficulties and control group II comprised 24 typical achievement sixth graders. A reading/spelling level match design was employed. The experimental group was matched in terms of chronological age and intellectual level (chronological age-matched group) with control group I whereas with control group II in terms of reading, spelling and intellectual level (reading/spelling level-matched group). In addition, students were assessed on a spelling task that was designed to examine their spelling accuracy, their spelling consistency and their spelling accuracy-consistency in spelling lexical morphemes and derivational suffixes of Greek words. The experimental items in the spelling task were morphologically related word-pairs (base and derivation). To test the spelling accuracy, lexical morphemes and derivational suffixes of words were divided into 140 lexical parts. To test the spelling consistency, these lexical parts were grouped in 52 groups. The main results are as follows: as far as the correlations are concerned, apart from non-verbal intelligence, there is statistically significant indicators among all independent variables and between the independent and the dependent variables “percentage of spelling accuracy”, “percentage of spelling consistency” and “percentage of spelling accuracy and consistency” of the spelling task. Moreover, in the measurements of the spelling task, students with reading and spelling difficulties performed poorly in spelling lexical morphemes and derivational suffixes compared to their typical achievement peers. At the same time, their performance was similar to the performance of typical achievement fourth graders. In addition, the three groups had a better performance in spelling the lexical morphemes and derivational suffixes of nouns and of adjectives than of verbs. These findings confirm the profile of students with reading and spelling difficulties that has been shown in previous studies. In particular, it seems that there is a delay in the spelling skills of students with reading and spelling difficulties. This is consistent with a spelling delay hypothesis, rather than a spelling deviance hypothesis. Furthermore, the groups’ high percentages in spelling consistency allow us to claim that students use morphological strategies when they spell morphologically related words. However, typical achievement sixth graders seem to make greater use of morphological strategies, since they produce more consistent and correct spellings of the lexical morphemes and derivational suffixes compared to their peers with reading and spelling difficulties and typical achievement fourth graders. Our results suggest the use of morphological strategies, yet they do not exclude the use of other strategies which rely on memory such us memory strategies. Finally, typical achievement sixth graders scored a higher percentage in spelling accuracy compared to the other two groups. However, there were certain parts in which the students’ spellings didn’t differ. Our data show that in these parts students of the three groups scored high or low percentages of spelling accuracy. The absence of statistically significant differences between the three groups in these cases is an area of concern and highlights the role of the orthographic processing of each word.
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Chang, Yu Chi, et 張玉琦. « Evolution of the Grammatical Morpheme `De' : from the Viewpoints of Grammaticalization and Lexical Replacement ». Thesis, 1995. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/42026262525416639790.
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碩士國立清華大學
語言學系
83
The history of De involves two kinds of development: (1) grammaticalization and (2) lexical replacement. In this paper, we make a quantitative analysis on these two processes, based on historical colloquial texts from Zutangji (around 953 A.D.) to contemporary Mandarin. The variety of the V-De constructions and abstractness-tendency of the meanings feature the grammaticalization of De. From a diachronic perspective, we make an analysis on the statistics of three sets of linguistic variation to substantiate our claim on the grammaticalization of De. They are (1) the ratios of the three correlated constructions, i.e., V-De, V-De-O and V-De-C in each period, (2) the ratios of the 'resultative' and 'potential' meanings in the V-De-(O) constructions, and the proportion of the four types of the V-De-C forms, i.e., V- De[R]-C, V-De[P]-C, V-De[D]-C and V-De[E]-C and (3) the ratios of the two Des, i.e., De 得 and de 的 in the three V- De, V-De-O and V-De-C constructions. As for the lexical replacement, we examine in detail the delicate relationship among the three resultative complements, De, dao and zhao, sharing a common semantic feature of [telic], with close attention to the processes of co-existence, competition and decline/rise. This thesis consists of five chapters. Chapter One is an introduction. Chapter Two presents the literature reviews of the histories of De and the V-De constructions. In Chapter Three, grammaticalization of De is our major concern. Chapter Four discusses lexical replacement of De by dao and zhao. In Chapter Five, we draw a conclusion.
Livres sur le sujet "Lexical morphemes"
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Lexical properties of selected non-native morphemes of English. Tübingen : Gunter Narr Verlag, 2004.
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Ruszkiewicz, Piotr. Morphology in generative grammar : From morpheme-based grammar to lexical morphology and beyond : a study of selected of morphological description. Gdańsk : Wydawn. Uniwersytetu Gdańskiego, 1997.
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Taylor, Bernard A. Analytical lexicon to the Septuagint. Peabody, Mass : Hendrickson Publishers, Inc., 2009.
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The analytical lexicon to the Septuagint : A complete parsing guide. Grand Rapids, Mich : Zondervan, 1994.
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Radhamony, P. Language of chemistry, a linguistic analysis : Lexical, morphemic and syntactic analysis of the language of chemistry in the Kerala text books, Malayalam version, and its implication for science education. Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India : International School of Dravidian Linguistics, 1992.
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Zimmermann, Eva. Prosodically Defective Morphemes and blocking. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198747321.003.0004.
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The predictions of multiple interacting Prosodically Defective Morphemes are discussed in this chapter. For one, there are instances where several morphemes in a language are lexically marked exceptions to an MLM process. This can follow, it is shown, if those morphemes are prosodically defective themselves. A very interesting instance of such an effect can be found in Aymara where a so-called ’rescuer morpheme’ exists whose only surface effect is to block an expected MLM pattern. On the other hand, there are cases where lexical allomorphy between different MLM processes can be found. It is shown that again the exceptional behaviour of some morphemes in the presence of a triggering Prosodically Defective Morpheme follows if those morphemes themselves are prosodically defective. The chapter hence strengthens the role of phonological representation and shifts the burden of various (apparently morphological) idiosyncratic lexical information to the phonological representation of the morphemes in question.
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Batmanian, Natalie, et Karin Stromswold. Getting to the Root of the Matter. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190464783.003.0008.
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Spontaneous speech data from three monolingual Turkish-speaking children between the ages 2;1 and 2;8 revealed that children produce bare lexical stems in ungrammatical contexts before they use grammatical morphemes productively. Given that root words are very rare in Turkish, the fact that Turkish children produce them indicates that they are able to decompose multimorphemic words into root + grammatical affixes. We also tested the hypothesis that when the correspondence between morphological form and grammatical meaning is one-to-one, morphemes are likely to be acquired earlier than when the correspondence between form and meaning is one-to-many (Slobin, 1973). Three grammatical morphemes, despite appearing equally frequently in adult speech, were acquired at different stages by children. The past tense inflection –di, which has a one-to-one correspondence between morphological form and grammatical meaning, is the morpheme that was acquired first by the children.
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Vajda, Edward J. Patterns of Innovation and Retention in Templatic Polysynthesis. Sous la direction de Michael Fortescue, Marianne Mithun et Nicholas Evans. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199683208.013.21.
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Polysynthetic verb morphology can be extraordinarily complex, with interacting subsystems arranged in phonological and morphological layers, some of which are more readily transparent on the synchronic level. Historical-linguistic comparisons demonstrate that this type of structure can be surprisingly persistent across time, with slow phonological attrition being one of the primary causal agents. Metathesis and reanalysis of morphemes and morpheme positions was also noted as an important agent of change. This chapter examines what is known about the historical layering of two distinct, but possibly genealogically related prefixing verb morphologies: Yeniseian and Athabaskan, both of which have developed different strategies of expressing agreement with subjects and objects, layering these grammatical markers between lexical morphemes and markers of tense–mood–aspect. Phonological fusing of certain sets of adjacent markers renders the pre-root portions of both morphological templates particularly challenging for assigning morpheme glosses. Historical reasons for this evolution are identified and assessed.
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Wetzels, Leo, et Stella Telles. Polysynthesis in Lakondê, a Northern Nambikwaran Language of Brazil. Sous la direction de Michael Fortescue, Marianne Mithun et Nicholas Evans. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199683208.013.42.
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Lakondê, together with Mamaindê and Latundê, belongs to the Northern Nambikwara branch of the Nambikwara linguistic family spoken in Northwestern Brazil. The language is head-marking, predominantly suffixal, and of great derivational productivity. It has an elaborate system of nominal classifiers; it is incorporating, with nuclear arguments integrated in the morphology of the verb. Lakondê has two ways of incorporating nouns: one is prefixal when the incorporated morphemes represent body parts; the other is suffixal, involving nominal classifiers. When the incorporation occurs in dynamic verbs, the integrated classifier morphemes assume the role of direct object. The verbal template provides for more than thirty morpheme positions, which, from the point of view of their function, can be categorized as argumental, adverbial, evidential, and TAM. Flexional suffixes may function as nuclear arguments and dispense with the lexical realization of the subject and the object. With these characteristics Lakondê may be classified as a typical polysynthetic language.
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Nakayama, Toshihide. Polysynthesis in Nuuchahnulth, a Wakashan Language. Sous la direction de Michael Fortescue, Marianne Mithun et Nicholas Evans. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199683208.013.35.
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Nuuchahnulth is a Southern Wakashan language spoken in British Columbia, Canada. It is a verb-initial head-marking language and is almost exclusively suffixing morphologically. The language exhibits polysynthesis involving holophrasis but does not allow compounding. Instead, it has numerous suffixes with heavy lexical content, traditionally termed ‘lexical suffixes’. This lexical suffixation serves as the central mechanism in Nuuchahnulth for bringing multiple lexically heavy morphemes into a word. The complexity of actual polysynthetic words in this language seems rather limited compared to what is reported to be possible in Eskimo languages. There are cases where similar semantic content can be expressed either synthetically using a polysynthetic word or analytically as separate words. When such an alternation is possible, discourse-pragmatic considerations, particularly discourse referentiality of the object of the predicate, play a major role in the choice of constructions.
Chapitres de livres sur le sujet "Lexical morphemes"
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Gergely, Zsuzsanna. « 8. Selection of Grammatical Morphemes in Early Bilingual Development ». Dans Second Language Lexical Processes, sous la direction de Zsolt Lengyel et Judit Navracsics, 133–45. Bristol, Blue Ridge Summit : Multilingual Matters, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.21832/9781853599682-010.
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Cen, Ling, et Jianfei Luo. « Embedded Compounding Monosyllabic Morphemes : A Perspective from the Lexical Study and TCFL ». Dans Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 3–11. Cham : Springer International Publishing, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-14331-6_1.
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Burani, Cristina, et Alessandro Laudanna. « Morpheme-Based Lexical Reading : Evidence from Pseudoword Naming ». Dans Reading Complex Words, 241–64. Boston, MA : Springer US, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-3720-2_11.
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Emonds, Joseph. « The Autonomy of the (Syntactic) Lexicon and Syntax : Insertion Conditions for Derivational and Inflectional Morphemes ». Dans Interdisciplinary Approaches to Language, 119–48. Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-3818-5_7.
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Boudelaa, Sami. « Is the Arabic Mental Lexicon Morpheme-Based or Stem-Based ? Implications for Spoken and Written Word Recognition ». Dans Literacy Studies, 31–54. Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-8545-7_2.
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« Lexical morphemes in Bella Coola ». Dans General and Amerindian Ethnolinguistics, 289–302. De Gruyter Mouton, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/9783110862799-026.
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Booij, Geert. « The interface of morphology and phonology ». Dans The Morphology of Dutch, 178–98. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198838852.003.0005.
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This chapter discusses how morphology and phonology interact in the morphological system of Dutch. Bound morphemes differ in their phonological make-up from lexical morphemes. Morphological structure is not isomorphic to prosodic structure, which serves to explain how morphological structure determines the pronunciation of complex words. This is also an essential insight for understanding the gapping of parts of complex words. Many bound morphemes behave as prosodic words of their own. Allomorphy, both of stems and affixes is pervasive in Dutch, and the chapter discusses how the various types of allomorphy can be accounted for. The stacking up of affixes is also constrained by phonological factors.
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Sitaridou, Ioanna. « (In)vulnerable inflected infinitives as complements to modals ». Dans Syntactic Features and the Limits of Syntactic Change, 161–77. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198832584.003.0008.
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The paper presents data from Galician and Romeyka which show that inflected infinitives do appear as non-attitude complements contra most existing accounts, more specifically as complements to modal and (some) volitional predicates that induce obligatory semantic control. Based on Landau’s (2015) argument that [+Agr] is irrelevant for non-attitude complements, it is argued that the phi-features on the inflected infinitives in non-attitude complements are redundant; in more technical terms, affixes expressing these features are dissociated morphemes, which are not interpreted at LF but are inserted at PF instead. For this reason, they crucially appear in monoclausal contexts, i.e., in complements to modals: in this context, in which the complement has no external argument (via lexical restructuring), these morphemes express a copy of a relevant subject Agr on the modal that is valued in syntax. From this also follows why they are vulnerable to change, essentially, because they contribute nothing.
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Frajzyngier, Zygmunt, et Marielle Butters. « Introduction ». Dans The Emergence of Functions in Language, 1–22. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198844297.003.0001.
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The introduction states the main question of the book and sets the theoretical basis of the study; namely that every language codes a unique semantic structure in its grammatical system. This semantic structure consists of functional domains and subdomains, and each subdomain consists of a finite number of functions. The functional domains, subdomains, and functions can change over time. Even if languages have identical functional domains, the internal composition of these domains may vary. Every language contains a finite number of coding means such as lexical categories and derivational morphology, linear orders, phonological means, inflectional morphology, deployment of lexical items to code grammatical functions, including serial verb constructions, adpositions, and free grammatical morphemes. The role of the formal means is to allow for the realization of the functions from the semantic structure of the language and to assure the principle functional transparency.
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Roeper, Tom. « Where are thematic roles ? » Dans Nominalization, 277–308. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198865544.003.0012.
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In ‘Where are thematic roles? Building the micro-syntax of implicit arguments in nominalizations’, Roeper attempts an approach to capture implicit arguments in a fashion that is closely linked to the projection of verbs. Roeper argues for clitic-like projections that accompany the verb, particularly evident in nominalizations: These separate the lexical Argument-theta projections of the verb from the conditions for projecting Maximal Projections which enter into syntactic operations, while the larger pattern of subject, object, and control behavior remains consistent across the syntax and the lexicon. Roeper argues that bare nominalizations (e.g. a look, a glance, a comment) all carry argument structure capable of motivating syntactic binding. Moreover, argument projections into the Possessive of nominalizations show predictable sensitivity to passive morphemes (-ed, -able) buried inside nominalizations. They allow only an object projection in nominalized Possessives precisely as they do in verbal structures. The theory of Theta-role projection must allow projection of an AGENT to Subject in little v, Subject in TP, and Subject in Possessives, and if acquisition is efficient, it should all follow automatically from UG. Roeper then argues that impersonal passives that appear in a subset of languages call for both special syntax and a special vision of possible integration into discourse structure. <206>
Actes de conférences sur le sujet "Lexical morphemes"
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Nefedov, Andrey. « A Polysynthetic Language in Contact : The Case of Ket ». Dans GLOCAL Conference on Asian Linguistic Anthropology 2019. The GLOCAL Unit, SOAS University of London, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.47298/cala2019.5-2.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Ket is one of the most enigmatic polysynthetic languages in North Asia. The majority of structural features complicating a clear-cut typological analysis of Ket are due to the long-term contact with the languages of a radically different type that resulted in a peculiar process of structural mimicry (or ‘typological accommodation’ in Vajda’s (2017) terms). The mimicry is most evident in the verbal morphology, which is traditionally regarded as almost exclusively prefixing. While this is true for the oldest layer of verbs with the main lexical root in the final position, Ket’s most productive patterns of verb formation clearly imitate suffixal agglutination typical of the surrounding languages by placing the main lexical root in the initial position with the rest of morphemes following it. This presentation aims to demonstrate that this phenomenon is also attested at the syntactic level. Prototypical polysynthetic languages are largely devoid of overt subordination (cf. Baker 1996). Ket, however, signals adverbial subordination by using postposed relational morphemes attached to fully finite verbs. This pattern is common to adverbial clauses in the neighboring languages, the difference being that they attach relational morphemes to non-finite forms only. This functional-structural parallel is likewise attested in relative clauses. The surrounding languages share a common relativization pattern involving preposed participial relative clauses with a ‘gapped’ relativized noun phrase (Pakendorf 2012). This resembles the major relativization pattern in Ket, in which, however, preposed relative clauses are fully finite. Formation of adverbial and relative clauses in Ket clearly mimics that of the surrounding languages and does not conform to the expected ‘polysynthetic’ pattern. At the same time, Ket resists accommodating a participle-like morphology, which can be connected with the general tendency among polysynthetic languages not to have truly non-finite forms (cf. Nichols 1992).
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Galochkina, Tatiana. « Word formative structure of words with the root lěp- in Old Russian written records ». Dans 6th International e-Conference on Studies in Humanities and Social Sciences. Center for Open Access in Science, Belgrade, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.32591/coas.e-conf.06.10121g.
Texte intégralRésumé :
System of derivational morphology of the Old Russian language has its own characteristics based on the origin of the book vocabulary, which consisted mainly of Proto-Slavic words and calques from Greek words. The main morphological way of word formation was the heritage of the Proto-Slavic language, which developed together with the formation of morphemes as a language unit. Active derivation took place during the formation of the Old Russian book vocabulary. During this period an uninterrupted process began the creation of book translations from the Greek into Church Slavonic. The ancient scribes made extensive use of Greek words calquing, which especially intensified the creation of compound words. Compound words were formed according to the models of Greek composites, but using Russian morphemes. As a result of this process, the lexical fund of the literary language was created, which included words with the root *lěp-. Such words are contained in ancient Russian written records (“Life of St. Sava the Sanctified”, composed by St. Cyril Skifopolsky, “The Life of St. Andrew the Fool”, “The Chronicle” by John Malalas, “The Chronicle” by George Amartol, “History of the Jewish War” by Josephus Flavius, Christianopolis (Acts and Epistles of the Apostles), Uspensky Сollection of XII–XIII centuries etc.). In the article will be considered the word formative structure of words with the root lěp-.
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Galochkina, Tatiana. « Word formative structure of words with the root lěp- in Old Russian written records ». Dans 6th International e-Conference on Studies in Humanities and Social Sciences. Center for Open Access in Science, Belgrade, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.32591/coas.e-conf.06.10121g.
Texte intégralRésumé :
System of derivational morphology of the Old Russian language has its own characteristics based on the origin of the book vocabulary, which consisted mainly of Proto-Slavic words and calques from Greek words. The main morphological way of word formation was the heritage of the Proto-Slavic language, which developed together with the formation of morphemes as a language unit. Active derivation took place during the formation of the Old Russian book vocabulary. During this period an uninterrupted process began the creation of book translations from the Greek into Church Slavonic. The ancient scribes made extensive use of Greek words calquing, which especially intensified the creation of compound words. Compound words were formed according to the models of Greek composites, but using Russian morphemes. As a result of this process, the lexical fund of the literary language was created, which included words with the root *lěp-. Such words are contained in ancient Russian written records (“Life of St. Sava the Sanctified”, composed by St. Cyril Skifopolsky, “The Life of St. Andrew the Fool”, “The Chronicle” by John Malalas, “The Chronicle” by George Amartol, “History of the Jewish War” by Josephus Flavius, Christianopolis (Acts and Epistles of the Apostles), Uspensky Сollection of XII–XIII centuries etc.). In the article will be considered the word formative structure of words with the root lěp-.
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Guo-Hong Fu, Chun-Yu Kit et Jonathan J. Webster. « A morpheme-based lexical chunking system for Chinese ». Dans 2008 International Conference on Machine Learning and Cybernetics (ICMLC). IEEE, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icmlc.2008.4620820.
Texte intégral
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Schwarz, Julia, Mirjana Bozic et Brechtje Post. « Individual differences in processing pseudo-inflected nonwords ». Dans 11th International Conference of Experimental Linguistics. ExLing Society, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.36505/exling-2020/11/0044/000459.
Texte intégralRésumé :
While the role of word stems has received much attention in morphological processing, the effects of inflectional suffixes on lexical access remain unclear. We address this gap as well as the contribution of individual differences on morphological segmentation with a visual priming experiment. Inflected and uninflected nonwords were preceded by a non-linguistic baseline string or the target’s suffix/word-final letters (e.g. XXXXing SMOYING). The results indicate that the suffix length is crucial for morphological effects to surface in visual priming and that morphological processing may be modulated by the individual’s reading profile and vocabulary size. We interpret this as evidence for variable morphemic activation: morphological cues can facilitate visual access when rapid whole-word processing is unavailable. The theoretical implications are discussed.