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Littérature scientifique sur le sujet « Maladie de Farber »

Auteur : Grafiati

Publié le 15 février 2024

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Articles de revues sur le sujet "Maladie de Farber"

Dalmat, Yann-Mickael. « Maladie de Farber, maladie pédiatrique ». Option/Bio 29, n^o 597-598 (mai 2019) : 7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0992-5945(19)30098-4.

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Okusanya, P. O., O. O. Akinlade et M. I. Sangosina. « Survey on prevalent diseases in commercial poultry farms in Yewa South Local Government, Ogun State ». Nigerian Journal of Animal Production 49, n^o 1 (25 février 2022) : 115–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.51791/njap.v49i1.3409.

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A survey on the prevalent diseases in commercial poultry farms was carried out in Yewa South local Government Area, Ogun State, Nigeria. Most poultry farmers in the study area have lost returns on their investment due to immune suppression leading to poor performance, illness and death of their flock. This was due to lack of research literature on disease prevalent in the study area. To reduce this menace, it is important to know the poultry diseases that are peculiar to the study area so as to help intending farmer prepare adequately before setting up a poultry farm in the locality. The data for the survey was collected using a total of one hundred and twenty well-structured questionnaires from poultry farmers of selected poultry farms. Stratified random sampling method was used to collate data. An oral interview and a close ended questionnaire was structure to acquire information in the following areas: status of respondents; management information of the birds; disease status of the birds. According to the data obtained from the study, Newcastle disease (72.0%), coccidiosis (59.0%), chronic respiratory disease (CRD) (44.0%), infectious bursal disease (IBD) (37.0%), fowl pox (26.0%), fowl cholera (25.0%), egg drop syndrome (21.0%), fowl typhoid (13.0%), marek's disease (10.0%) and avian influenza (4.0%) are the major disease of economic importance in poultry business in the study area. According to the data obtained from the respondents, NCD, IBD, Coccidiosis, and CRD are the most common diseases among poultry farms in the study area. Newcastle disease (72.0%) which has the highest number in the frequently occurring disease in poultry farms in the study area. As such a complete biosecurity measures should be imposed to the farms and also a proper vaccination schedule should be adhered to. Une enquête sur les maladies répandues dans les exploitations de volailles commerciales a été réalisée dans la zone des gouvernements locaux du sud de l'Yewa, l'État d'Ogun, le Nigéria. La plupart des éleveurs de volailles de la zone d'étude ont perdu des retours sur leur investissement en raison de la répression immunitaire menant à une mauvaise performance, à une maladie et à la mort de leur troupeau. Cela était dû au manque de littérature de recherche sur la maladie prévalant dans la zone d'étude. Pour réduire cette menace, il est important de connaître les maladies de la volaille propres à la zone d'étude afin d'aider à l'intention des agriculteurs à préparer de manière adéquate avant de créer une ferme de volaille dans la localité. Les données de l'enquête ont été collectées à l'aide d'un total de cent vingt questionnaires bien structurés de producteurs de volaille de fermes de volaille sélectionnées. La méthode d'échantillonnage aléatoire stratifiée a été utilisée pourrassembler des données. Une interview buccale et un questionnaire minutieux ont été une structure pour acquérir des informations dans les domaines suivants: Statut des répondants; informations de gestion des oiseaux; état de la maladie des oiseaux. Selon les données obtenues à partir de l'étude, la maladie de Newcastle (72,0%), la coccidiose (59,0%), une maladie respiratoire chronique (MRC) (44,0%) (44,0%), une maladie de la bourse infectieuse (MBI) (37,0%), la varicelle (26,0%) , le choléra de la poule (25,0%), le syndrome de goutte d'œufs (21,0%), la typhoïde de la flotte (13,0%), la maladie de Marek (10,0%) et la grippe aviaire (4,0%) constituent la principale maladie de l'importance économique dans les activités de volaille dans la zone d'étude . Selon les données obtenues des répondants, des NCD, des MBI, de la coccidiose et de la MRC sont les maladies les plus courantes chez les fermes de volaille dans la zone d'étude. Maladie de Newcastle (72,0%) qui a le plus grand nombre dans la maladie fréquente dans les fermes de volaille dans la zone d'étude. En tant que telles mesures de biosécurité complètes, devraient être imposées aux exploitations et à un calendrier de vaccination approprié doit être respecté.

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Levy, Brian J. « Malades et maladies dans les fabliaux ». Reinardus / Yearbook of the International Reynard Society 12 (15 septembre 1999) : 81–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/rein.12.07lev.

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Résumé Plus on étudie les fabliaux, plus on y reconnaît la présence de tout un réseau de motifs et de topiques qui, savamment maniés par le conteur, servent à ajouter du piment ironique à son récit farceur. Dans un jeu comique, où tout oscille entre la victoire et le désastre, entre gagnants et perdants, la maladie vient souvent prêter au texte son rythme particulièrement gouailleur et chiasmique, jouant implacablement sur l'interaction du vrai et du faux: si la vraie maladie indique le perdant, la fausse sera l'outil de celle ou de celui qui saura gagner (et qui portera parfois aussi un manteau de faux médecin). Dans ce contexte trompeur, on ne manquera pas de commenter le motif fort grivois de la "guérison sexuelle"...

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Serge Egide Paulin, Mensah, Sessou Philippe, Nata Christie, Adjahoutonon Koomlan Yélindo Kadjinou Brice, Lahamy Olivier et Farougou Souaïbou. « Mode d’utilisation des antibiotiques dans les élevages de bovin laitier sédentaires au nord-ouest du Bénin ». Journal of Animal & ; Plant Sciences 42.2 (29 novembre 2019) : 7198–206. http://dx.doi.org/10.35759/janmplsci.v42-2.2.

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Une enquête transversale a été faite pour évaluer l’utilisation des antibiotiques dans les élevages de production de lait de vache des communes de Natitingou, Kérou, Pehunco, Kouandé et Djougou au nord-ouest du Bénin. Sur 452 éleveurs enquêtés, 347 (76,7%) utilisaient des antibiotiques sans assistance vétérinaire pour le traitement des affections respiratoires (19,0%), les entérites néo natales (19,0%), les dermatoses (18,0%), les plaies (17,0%), les mammites (17,0%) ou d’autres maladies (10,0%). Les tétracyclines (100,0%), les pénicillines (100,0%), les sulfamides (47,1%) et les macrolides (16,8%) étaient les familles d’antibiotiques les plus utilisées. 35,6% des éleveurs achetait les antibiotiques au marché contre 84,4% chez un vétérinaire et 35,1% les achetait sans le conseil d’un vétérinaire. Plus de 50% des éleveurs ne consulte pas un vétérinaire pour l’administration des antibiotiques ou n’adapte jamais la posologie selon le poids des bovins traités. Enfin, 83,6% des éleveurs faisaient traire les vaches sous traitement antibiotiques tout comme les vaches sans traitement. Les services vétérinaires du Bénin devraient mieux contrôler de l’utilisation des antibiotiques en production de lait de vache et sensibiliser les éleveurs sur le risque représenté par la présence de résidus d’antibiotiques dans le lait de vache consommé. ABSTRACT A cross sectional survey was conducted to assess the use of antibiotic in dairy farms in the municipalities of Natitingou, Kérou, Pehunco, Kouandé and Djougou in northwestern Benin. Three hundred and Forty seven 347 (76.7%) of the 452 surveyed farmers used antibiotics without veterinary assistance against neonatal enteritis (19.0%), dermatitis (18.0%), wounds (17.0%), mastitis (17.0%) or others diseases (10.0%). Tetracyclines (100.0%), penicillins (100.0%), sulfonamides (47.1%) and macrolides (16.8 %) and were the most used families of antibiotics. 35.6% of breeders bought antibiotics at the market against 84.4% at a veterinarian and 35.1% bought them without the advice of a veterinarian. More than 50% of breeders do not consult a veterinarian for the administration of antibiotics or never adapt the dosage according to the weight of the treated cattle. Finally, 83.6% of breeders milked cows under antibiotic treatment as cows without treatment. Benin veterinary services should more control the use of antibiotics in dairy farms and inform the farmer about the risk associated with the presence of antibiotics residues in consumed cow milk.

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M Joachim, Umba, Kumpel M. Placide, Maleke M. Jean-Pierre et Metena M. Marlène. « Evaluation environnementale et sanitaire des aires d’abattage à l’heure de Covid-19 situées dans la commune de Matete ville-province de Kinshasa (RD Congo) ». Journal of Animal & ; Plant Sciences 46, n^o 2 (30 novembre 2020) : 8256–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.35759/janmplsci.v46-2.8.

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Dans un monde de plus en plus interconnecté, la prévention contre les risques de maladies liées à la nourriture fait débat. Le contrôle de la qualité des aliments devient un problème de santé publique. Etant d’origine animale, Covid-19 qui, à ce titre est une zoonose émergente a suscité un grand intérêt scientifique. La question fondamentale qui se pose est de savoir si dans certains pays en développement la filière qui va du fermier éleveur, des abattoirs ainsi qu’à la chaine de distribution fait l’objet d’un marquage strict. Quelles pourraient-être les règles d’hygiène dans les abattoirs de certains pays telle que la RD Congo ? Cet article propose d’évaluer, de faire un état de lieux des aires d’abattage de la Commune de Matete et faire vulgariser les règles de la sécurité sanitaire car la viande abattue dans ces tueries est exposée aux micro-organismes. Ils se dégagent que les tueries de la Commune de Matete sont caractérisées par des défaillances majeures concernant principalement le contrôle veterinaire et médical ,l’hygiène (du personnel, du lieu d’abattage et du matériel utilisé), la lutte contre les nuisibles et l’absence de système de collecte de sang et de traitement préalable des eaux usées, le rejet direct de ces effluents, en particulier dans le milieu hydrique, nuit gravement à la qualité de l’environnement. ABSTRACT In an increasingly interconnected world, prevention against the risks of food-related diseases is the subject of debate. Food quality control is becoming a public health issue. Being of animal origin, Covid-19 which, as such is an emerging zoonosis, has aroused great scientific interest. The fundamental question that arises is to know whether in certain developing countries the chain which goes from the farmer-breeder, to the slaughterhouses as well as to the distribution chain is subject to strict marking. What could be the hygiene rules in slaughterhouses in some countries such as DR Congo? this proposes to assess, make an inventory of the slaughter areas of the Municipality of Matete and popularize the rules of health security because the meat slaughtered in here is exposed Umba et al., 2020 Journal of Animal & Plant Sciences (J.Anim.Plant Sci. ISSN 2071-7024) Vol.46 (2): 8256-8270 https://doi.org/10.35759/JAnmPlSci.v46-2.8 8257 to microorganisms. .They emerge that the slaughtering in the Municipality of Matete is characterized by major failures concerning mainly veterinary and medical control, hygiene (of the personnel, the place of slaughter and the equipment used), the fight against pests, the absence of blood collection system and pre-treatment of wastewater, the direct discharge of these effluents into the water environment, thus seriously affecting the environment.

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Thèses sur le sujet "Maladie de Farber"

Denard, Jérôme. « Développement d'une approche de thérapie génique pour l'amyotrophie spinale avec épilepsie myoclonique progressive ». Electronic Thesis or Diss., université Paris-Saclay, 2023. https://www.biblio.univ-evry.fr/theses/2023/interne/2023UPASL144.pdf.

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Les amyotrophies spinales sont un groupe de maladies qui se caractérisent par une dégénérescence progressive des motoneurones de la moelle épinière entrainant une faiblesse et atrophie musculaire de sévérité variable. La forme la plus fréquente est liée à des mutations dans le gène SMN1, pour laquelle un produit de thérapie génique a été approuvé et mis sur le marché. Une autre forme d'amyotrophie spinale avec épilepsie myoclonique progressive, nommée SMA-PME, est due à des mutations dans le gène ASAH1 codant une enzyme lysosomale, la céramidase acide (ACDase). L'espérance de vie des patients atteints de SMA-PME ne dépasse pas l'adolescence. Certaines mutations dans ce même gène peuvent causer la maladie de Farber (MF), avec pour les formes les plus sévères un décès des patients avant l'âge de deux ans en raison d'atteintes multi systémiques sévères. La SMA-PME et la MF sont des maladies de surcharge lysosomale ultra-rares. L'ACDase catalyse le céramide, un lipide bioactif, en sphingosine et acide gras. En raison du déficit de l'activité enzymatique, les céramides s'accumulent à l'intérieur des lysosomes, provoquant de graves dysfonctionnements dans plusieurs organes. Une approche thérapeutique basée sur la transplantation de cellules souches hématopoïétiques a déjà été testée chez des patients Farber mais n'a pas empêché la détérioration neurologique au cours du temps. La génération de modèles murins de déficience en ACDase, notamment le modèle Asah1P361R/P361R récapitulant les symptômes de la forme sévère de la maladie Farber, a permis de mieux comprendre la physiopathologie de la déficience en ACDase et d'évaluer différentes approches thérapeutiques. L'enzymothérapie et la thérapie génique utilisant un vecteur lentiviral ont permis de prolonger la survie des animaux de plusieurs semaines mais la correction des atteintes neurologiques était absente. Puisqu'il n'existe aucun traitement curatif pour ces patients, le but principal de mon projet de thèse a été de développer une approche de thérapie génique en administrant un vecteur recombinant adéno-associé (AAV). L'injection intraveineuse d'un vecteur AAV9-ASAH1 chez des souris Asah1P361R/P361R aux stades pré- et symptomatiques de la maladie a été capable de prolonger la durée de vie des animaux et de corriger l'ensemble du phénotype. Cette approche a apporté la preuve de concept qu'une restauration généralisée de l'expression du gène ASAH1 permet d'obtenir un effet thérapeutique dans un modèle murin sévère de déficience en ACDase. Ces résultats nous ont conduit à réaliser une étude de dose chez le modèle murin Asah1P361R/P361R pour déterminer la dose minimale efficace de ce vecteur. Trois doses d'AAV9-ASAH1 ont été administrées par voie intraveineuse chez les souris mutantes à un stade avancé de la maladie et l'effet a été analysé au niveau clinique, moléculaire et histologique pendant une période de 6 mois. Nous avons identifié une dose de vecteur capable de corriger le phénotype et d'éviter l'infiltration des macrophages dans les tissus, y compris dans le système nerveux central (SNC). L'administration du vecteur AAV9-ASAH1 par voie intracérébroventriculaire (ICV) a également été évaluée chez les souris mutantes à la naissance afin d'investiguer le potentiel thérapeutique de cette voie d'administration directe au SNC. Dans le cas du modèle Asah1P361R/P361R, la correction de l'ensemble du phénotype nécessite une injection systémique du vecteur AAV9-ASAH1, mais des résultats préliminaires indiquent qu'une administration ICV du vecteur permet aussi de prévenir l'apparition des atteintes neurologiques présentes chez les souris mutantes. Ce travail de thèse ouvre la perspective d'un développement clinique de cette thérapie génique pour les patients atteints des maladies de Farber et SMA-PME
Spinal muscular atrophies are a heterogeneous group of disorders characterized by spinal cord α-motor neuron degeneration, leading muscle weakness and atrophy. The most common form is associated to mutations in the SMN1 gene, for which a gene therapy product obtained marketing approval. Another form of spinal muscular atrophy with progressive myoclonic epilepsy (SMA-PME), is due to mutations in the ASAH1 gene encoding a lysosomal enzyme,the acid ceramidase (ACDase). The life expectancy of patients with SMA-PME does not exceed adolescence. Some mutations in this same gene can cause Farber disease (FD), with the most severe forms causing death of patients before the age of 2 years due to severe multisystemic damage. SMA-PME and FD are ultra-rare lysosomal storage diseases. ACDase catalyzes the bioactive lipid ceramide into sphingosine and fatty acid. Due to the deficiency of enzyme activity, ceramides accumulate inside lysosomes causing serious dysfunctions in several organs. A therapeutic approach based on hematopoietic stem cell transplantation was previously tested in Farber patients but did not prevent neurological deterioration over time. The generation of mouse models of ACDase deficiency, in particular the Asah1P361R/P361R model that recapitulates the signs of Farber disease, has allowed a better understanding of the pathophysiology of acid ceramidase deficiency in tissues and the evaluation of different therapeutic approaches. Enzyme replacement therapy and gene therapy using a lentiviral vector extended the survival of mutant animals by several weeks, but did not correct the neurological signs of the disease. Since there is no curative treatment for patients, the main goal of my thesis project was to develop an efficacious gene therapy approach using an AAV vector. Intravenous administration of an AAV9-ASAH1 vector in Asah1P361R/P361R mice at pre- and symptomatic stages of the disease was able to prolong the lifespan and correct the phenotype. This approach provided proof of concept that generalized restoration of ASAH1 gene expression achieves a therapeutic effect in a severe mouse model of acid ceramidase deficiency. These results prompted us to perform a dose escalation study in Asah1P361R/P361R mice to determine the minimum effective dose of this vector. Three doses of AAV9-ASAH1 were administered intravenously in mutant mice at a late stage of the disease and the effect was analyzed at the clinical, molecular and histological level for a 6-month period. We identified a vector dose able to correct the phenotype and to avoid macrophage infiltrates in tissues, including the central nervous system. Intracerebroventricular administration (ICV) of the AAV9-ASAH1 vector in neonatal mutant mice was also evaluated to investigate the efficacy of this direct route of administration in correcting the neurological signs of the disease. The results show that systemic injection of the AAV9-ASAH1 vector was able to correct the whole-body phenotype of Asah1P361R/P361R mutant mice, whereas preliminary results indicate that ICV administration of the vector is efficacious in preventing mainly the neurological signs of the disease. This thesis work paves the way for clinical translation of this gene therapy in patients with Farber and SMA-PME diseases

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Soname, S. O. O. « Effects of malaria on farmers' technical efficiency in Africa ». Thesis, University of Reading, 2016. http://centaur.reading.ac.uk/66316/.

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Malaria is a problem in Africa. Thus, the aim of this research is to present a reliable measure of the farmers’ Willingness-To-Pay for malaria abatement in Africa. We develop a model that inputs the stochastic frontier model into the household production model. We analyse our model using the Bayesian Markov chain Monte Carlo techniques of Gibbs Sampling and Metropolis-Hastings. In order to arrive at a reliable posterior distribution for our Willingness To Pay, we multiply the individual households’ price for agricultural staples by the corresponding malaria estimates from our analysis together with a constant value. We apply our model to datasets from Nigeria, Ethiopia, and, Tanzania and report the corresponding Willingness To Pay point estimates and posterior distributions. Our results show that on the average, farmers in these three countries are willing to pay less than US$1 for a 100 per cent increase in malaria case per 1000 individual per annum. Policy makers can use these values to introduce minimum prices and gradual repayment schemes for prophylactic measures.

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ROUX, CAIRE LAURENCE. « Diagnostic et traitement des maladies de l'articulation temporo-mandibulaire d'apres farrar et mc carthy ». Aix-Marseille 2, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988AIX20264.

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Munthali, Grace Timanyechi. « Assessing farmers’ willingness-to-way for improved common bean seed varieties in Malawi : a case study of Kasungu and Dedza districts ». Diss., University of Pretoria, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/40344.

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Common beans are one of the most important food and cash crops for most Malawians. The insufficient production of the crop in the country coupled with low yields has made scientists give much interest to the crop so that they can address the constraints to the productivity problems. In this regard, breeders have been engaged in the development and release of improved varieties of common beans which in most cases are disease resistant, high yielding, drought resistant, and fast cooking. Therefore it is the interest of this study to find the reasons why productivity of the crop is still low despite the release of the improved varieties. The study adopted contingent valuation (CV), a method frequently used to assess willingnessto- pay of people for non-market goods or services and this was applied to assess farmer’s willingness-to-pay for the new improved bean seed varieties which are high yielding. Double bounded dichotomous choice with an open ended follow-up format was used to obtain the household’s willingness-to-pay. In addition; the study reviewed the existing dissemination channels of bean seed to make recommendations with regard to seed supply. Descriptive statistics from the 132 households interviewed shows that the structural constraints to seed acquisition are compounded by farmers’ poverty. Otherwise, most farmers are aware of the existence of improved varieties of common bean seed and perceive that with the use of this seed, productivity can improve hence willing to pay for the good. The study is 95% confident that mean price farmers are willing to pay for improved common bean seed is between MK 527.78 and MK 591.92. Three major existing informal dissemination channels of bean seed were discovered in the study areas. Therefore there is a need for government to work in collaboration with NGOs towards ensuring a formal supply system of bean seed characterised by vertically organised production and dissemination of tested and approved seed varieties, and using strict quality control rules, so that farmers can be assured of accessing improved seed varieties. This will increase the nation’s food security.
Dissertation (MSc Agric)--University of Pretoria, 2013.
gm2014
Agricultural Economics, Extension and Rural Development
unrestricted

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Musonzo, Charity Priscilla. « Malawi Farm Input Subsidy Programme - impact on income of smallholder farmers ». Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/29044.

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Agriculture is the single most important sector in Malawi due to its contribution to the economy ranging from employment creation, contribution to GDP growth to source of foreign exchange earnings. These significant contributions have necessitated the Government of Malawi to develop strategies and policies such as the Farm Input Subsidy Programme (FISP), whose main aim is to increase household incomes and reduce food insecurity and ultimately reduce poverty. It is nine years since the introduction of FISP but its results remain mixed. Using the 2009/10 Integrated Household Survey Phase 3 (IHS3) dataset, a logistic regression in a multivariate data analysis approach was used to investigate the impact of FISP on income levels and food security of rural smallholder farmers in Malawi. The analysis showed that about 82 percent of smallholder farmers live in rural areas, about 75 percent of them were males, 71 percent were married, 70 percent did not go to school and 69 percent benefited from FISP. In farming, 68 percent of these smallholder farmers had less than 1 hectare of farms, 70 percent of them had labour force of less than 5 people, 51 percent of them harvest less than 5 bags of 50kgs of maize of which 92 percent sell most of their harvested maize and 89 percent of them receive less than MK5, 000 from sales. In addition, about 99 percent of these smallholder farmers were food insecure as they save less than 1 bag of 50kgs after harvest. Only 1 percent of these smallholder farmers receive remittances and 21 percent had other income generating activities (IGAs). Demographic and socio-economic factors have no impact on these farmers capability to increase income levels and enhance their food security. There is also no statistically significant difference between FISP beneficiaries and non-beneficiaries in terms of capabilities of increasing incomes and enhancing food security. It is, therefore, concluded that FISP had no significant impact on the abilities of these smallholder farmers to increase their incomes and enhancing their food security. Hence, FISP did not prove to be the best food security and poverty alleviation tool in Malawi.

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Canz, Stefan. « Linking small scale farmers to markets : a multi-level analysis with special references to Malawi, Kenya and South Africa / ». Weikersheim Margraf, 2005. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?id=2686372&prov=M&dok_var=1&dok_ext=htm.

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Chiwona-Karltun, Linley. « A reason to be bitter : cassava classification from the farmers' perspective / ». Stockholm : [Karolinska institutets bibl.], 2001. http://diss.kib.ki.se/2001/91-7349-078-4/.

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Mwangwela, Dennis Lusekelo. « Towards appropriate institutional linkage structures for effective participatory and coordinated agricultural extension in Malawi ». Diss., Pretoria : [s.n.], 2006. http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-07032007-094422.

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Mazzone, Angelica <1992&gt. « New advances in molecular epidemiology of emerging enteric parasites in farmed gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata) and insights into zoonotic parasites of new relevance in Italian freshwater fish ». Doctoral thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2021. http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/9665/1/angelica_mazzone_tesi.pdf.

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Fish products are essential to the food and economic security for almost a billion people around the world. Parasitic diseases outbreaks are a major concern for aquaculture and fishery industries, and they may represent a major constraint for sectors’ expansion. Fish-borne parasitic zoonoses due to the consumption of fishery products are an increasing phenomenon in European Countries. This work maps the available information on Enterospora nucleophila and Cryptosporidium molnari presence in gilthead sea bream Mediterranean aquaculture. The existing diagnostic techniques for the detection of E. nucleophila and C. molnari were reviewed and a new in situ hybridization assay for the detection of E. nucleophila developmental stages is provided. Data from a survey involving 17 gilthead sea bream facilities showed a wide distribution pattern of E. nucleophila and C. molnari, with their detection in 41% and 47% farms, respectively. Data also showed a non-homogeneous distribution within different production phases and type of facilities. Parasites were mainly detected in post-weaning production phases, with higher detection of E. nucleophila at ongrowing in-land and cage-based rearing systems, and higher positivity percentages of C. molnari at pre-growing and in-land tanks. The absence of positivity at early production stages including eggs led to consider vertical transmission unlikely and to confirm the role of water in transmitting the infection. This work aimed at shedding light on emerging zoonotic parasites in European freshwater fishery products. This work provided consistent information on Eustrongylides excisus epidemiology in Central Italy lakes and confirmed the presence of infective stages in freshwater fish. A molecular assay for the identification of adult and larval stages of E. excisus is reported. A novel multiplex PCR assay for the simultaneous identification of Opisthorchis felineus, Pseudamphistomum truncatum, Metorchis spp., Metagonimus spp. and Apophallus spp., the main zoonotic or potentially zoonotic trematodes described in Europe, is also provided.

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Vuong, Thao Thi Phuong. « Farmers' perceptions of the "Unleashing the Power of Cassava in Africa in Response to the Food Crisis" (UPoCA) project : Experiences from Malawi ». Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för geovetenskaper, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-171455.

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The “Unleashing the Power of Cassava in Africa in Response to the Food Price Crisis” (UPoCA) project carried out by the International Institute of Tropical Agriculture from 2008 to 2010 aimed to assist farmers to increase food security and improve livelihoods through promoting cassava cultivation. In this study, 120 beneficiary households of the UPoCA project in Kasungu and Dowa provinces in Malawi were interviewed using a semi-structured questionnaire together with key informant interviews and focus group discussions. The aim was to find out their perceptions of the UPoCA project, food security situation and gendered differences, through which sustainability aspects of the project were discussed. Using the SPSS 19 software, descriptive statistics, chi-square tests and logistic regressions were generated for statistical results. In general, despite issues regarding quality and timeliness of the seed distribution service the majority of the beneficiary households were satisfied with the project stating that it helped improve their food security and livelihoods. However there emerged issues of exclusion of the most vulnerable households and the low participation of female-headed households which were initially targeted by the project. The study also found out the prevalence of seasonal hunger among the studied households and challenges facing the farmers in growing cassava which affect the adoption of the crop and the project’s sustainability. The study suggested that future similar projects should be designed for a longer duration than UPoCA. They should use clear criteria to identify target beneficiaries, exercise thorough monitoring on quality of distributed planting materials and time delivery as well as put more focus on training.

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Livres sur le sujet "Maladie de Farber"

Bekunda, Mateete, Irmgard Hoeschle-Zeledon et Jonathan Odhong, dir. Sustainable agricultural intensification : a handbook for practitioners in East and Southern Africa. Wallingford : CABI, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/9781800621602.0000.

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Abstract This book presents some of the improved agricultural technologies that were validated by the Africa RISING Project in East and Southern Africa (ESA), focusing on smallholder farmers in Malawi, Tanzania, and Zambia, and working in partnership with development (scaling) institutions. It consists of 11 chapters. Chapter 1 shows how gender concerns must be woven into all sustainable intensification (SI) interventions to produce equitable outcomes. It describes activities to enhance women's participation, measure the benefits, and transform gender relations. Chapter 2 describes the performance of new cereal and legume crop varieties introduced by Africa RISING into agroecosystems in which they had not been tested before. Chapter 3 presents technologies to diversify the common maize-dominated cropping systems and address human nutrition, improve soil organic matter, and maximize the benefits of applying fertilizer. Chapter 4 presents technologies for replacing the nutrients lost from cropped fields with external fertilizer sources in a manner that minimizes the consequences of too little or too much application. Chapter 5 is about soil conservation. Chapter 6 presents conservation agriculture, which can help smallholder farmers build better resilience to the consequences of climate change and variable weather. Improved technologies for drying, shelling, and hermetic storage of grain are presented in Chapter 7. Chapter 8 provides information to help farmers use outputs from crop production systems to formulate supplementary feed. Chapter 9 follows with technologies that allow well-planned nutrition-specific interventions (recipes) to utilize various livestock and crop products to enhance family nutrition, with specific attention paid to diets for children. Chapter 10 presents examples from the preceding chapters to illustrate the potential impacts of interconnected technologies. Lastly, Chapter 11 presents experiences and lessons learned from using these approaches to transfer and scale the technologies.

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Health for the Farmer. Farming Press Limited, 1991.

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Mvula, Peter, et Wapulumuka Mulwafu. Intensification, Crop Diversification, and Gender Relations in Malawi. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198799283.003.0007.

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In this chapter a variety of methods were used to collect data to study smallholders in Malawi. The surveys were complemented by a set of qualitative interviews to establish gender dynamics in agriculture and for livelihoods. Key informant interviews were conducted with agricultural personnel in the sampled districts and focus group discussions were held with some farmers. For a bigger picture of the agricultural policies and practices, the study relied on a review of key documents and publications by government and other agencies implementing agricultural programmes in the country. Descriptive statistics demonstrate that a shift from maize and tobacco to Irish potatoes, groundnuts, and soya beans in the areas under study has provided an opportunity for smallholder farmers to diversify and increase production and thus improve their livelihoods. Another noticeable change has been the increased participation of women in the production and marketing of crops.

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Pollack, Howard. Banjo Eyes. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190458294.003.0009.

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During the period 1940–41, Latouche became involved with the Kurt Kasznar revue Crazy with the Heat, the Ice-Capades of 1941, and other lesser efforts. However, his largest achievement immediately following Cabin in the Sky was Banjo Eyes, a show written for Eddie Cantor’s triumphant return to the Broadway stage, with music by Vernon Duke. The musical was an adaptation of John Cecil Holm and George Abbott’s popular 1935 farce Three Men on a Horse. After mixed reviews on the road in New Haven and Boston, management fired Latouche—or he quit, depending on the source—for not writing in a more accessible vein. The producers subsequently hired Harold Adamson to work with Duke as the show moved to Philadelphia and New York. The musical enjoyed a fair success on Broadway, but closed prematurely when Cantor decided to leave it on account of an undisclosed malady. Although the show has long been forgotten, some of the songs remain in the repertory.

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Chapitres de livres sur le sujet "Maladie de Farber"

Wahl, Carl. « Lessons learnt from concern worldwide's conservation agriculture interventions in Malawi and Zambia, 2010-2018. » Dans Conservation agriculture in Africa : climate smart agricultural development, 361–70. Wallingford : CABI, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/9781789245745.0022.

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Abstract Conservation Agriculture (CA) is a gateway technology intended to build both the productivity and resilience of smallholder farmers. Since 2010, the Ireland-based NGO Concern Worldwide has been promoting CA with extremely poor farmers in Malawi and Zambia. In the context of the specific regions within both countries, similar conditions of limited labour capacity, low financial capacity, poor soil health and constrained agriculture extension services were the primary barriers to the poorest farmers. Initial CA projects utilized broad, standardized approaches to CA with subsidized inputs that led to yield increases, but saw limited non-subsidized adoption. As a result, Concern has adapted its approaches to CA to better accommodate and embrace innovation by lead farmers, understanding different adoption strategies for follower farmers and working to improve input supply systems to meet farmers' needs. However, major constraints to adoption remain for the poorest and, going forward, CA projects will need to incorporate robust strategies for household financial stability such as the graduation model; fostering greater innovation by lead farmers within CA principles to meet local contexts; and integrating seed selection and saving for non-commercialized food crops to spur large-scale adoption of CA by the poorest farmers.

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Wellard, Kate, Daimon Kambewa et Sieglinde Snapp. « Farmers on the frontline : adaptation and change in Malawi ». Dans Climate Change and Threatened Communities, 41–56. Rugby, Warwickshire, United Kingdom : Practical Action Publishing, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.3362/9781780447254.004.

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Muhonda, Park. « Smallholder farmers' lived experiences of weather perturbation in Malawi ». Dans The Routledge Handbook of Development and Environment, 145–60. London : Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780429450310-15.

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Chitika, Rollins. « 9. Rice – smallholder farmers in Malawi can be profitably included ». Dans Commercial and Inclusive Value Chains, 89–95. The Schumacher Centre, Bourton on Dunsmore, Rugby, Warwickshire CV23 9QZ, UK, : Practical Action Publishing Ltd, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.3362/9781780448671.009.

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Tembo-Nhlema, Dorothy, Katharine Vincent et Rebecka Henriksson. « Creating Useful and Usable Weather and Climate Information : Insights from Participatory Scenario Planning in Malawi ». Dans Climate Risk in Africa, 77–92. Cham : Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-61160-6_5.

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AbstractFor climate information to be used at the grassroots level, it needs to be understood, collectively interpreted and effectively communicated. Participatory Scenario Planning (PSP) is one method of co-producing useful and usable sectoral and livelihood advisories for decision-makers, based on locally downscaled weather (typically seasonal forecasts). The chapter outlines an initial investigation into the history and application of PSP in Malawi, finding that it can generate useful and usable information that is deemed credible, legitimate and salient by its intended users. Its usability is reinforced through the demonstration effect which leads to even sceptical farmers adopting it after they have witnessed proof of its effectiveness from early adopters. In Malawi, the sustainability of PSP is threatened due to limited integration in planning frameworks and reliance on projects, hence need for a mechanism to ensure its regular occurrence and embeddedness in formal governance structures.

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Zimba, Josephine M., et Emma T. Liwenga. « Effects of conservation agriculture on farmers' livelihoods in the face of climate change in Balaka district, Malawi. » Dans Climate change impacts and sustainability : ecosystems of Tanzania, 44–58. Wallingford : CABI, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/9781789242966.0044.

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Abstract Conservation agriculture (CA) has been highly promoted due to its potential to ensure high crop yields even in the face of changes in climatic factors. However, the actual benefits associated with CA are not only focused on food security but are also site specific. This study sought to understand the benefits of CA in improving livelihoods in a changing climate in Hanjahanja and Sawali sections of Bazale Extension Planning Area in Balaka District. Specifically, it analysed CA's contribution to farmers' livelihoods and also the challenges and opportunities of CA in climate change adaptation. Data was collected through household surveys (n = 153), key informant interviews (n = 9), focus group discussions and field observations. The study found that due to CA adoption, the majority of the farmers in both Hanjahanja and Sawali sections had realized positive livelihood outcomes, mainly through improved food security and increased incomes. Despite the similarity, Hanjahanja farmers reported decrease in yields in seasons marred by floods. However, farmers faced several challenges due to CA adoption, which included high labour demands, rainfall variability and lack of inputs. Even so, improvement in soil moisture, soil erosion control, improved food security, presence of several institutions and enabling environment offered more opportunities of CA in adapting to climate change. CA, therefore, improves the livelihoods of the farmers except in times of floods. Hence, deliberate policies by the government to promote adoption of CA are required to take advantage of the benefits of CA. Research should also be done on how best to reduce the negative effects of CA on farmers' livelihoods.

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Moyo, Mukani, Van-Den Truong, Josip Simunovic, Jean Pankuku, George Ooko Abong, Francis Kweku Amagloh, Richard Fuchs et al. « Orange-Fleshed Sweetpotato Puree : A Breakthrough Product for the Bakery Sector in Africa ». Dans Root, Tuber and Banana Food System Innovations, 145–72. Cham : Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-92022-7_5.

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AbstractReplacing some of the wheat flour in breads and pastries with OFSP (orange-fleshed sweetpotato) puree can increase the market demand for these nutritious varieties and would offer economic opportunities for smallholders, including women and youths. The technology to make sweetpotato puree has been well developed in industrialized countries since the 1960s. Techniques fine-tuned by RTB allow OFSP puree to be stored in plastic bags for 6 months, without refrigeration. Private companies in Malawi and Kenya are now manufacturing the puree and selling it to bakeries that substitute OFSP puree for up to 40% of the white wheat flour in bread and other baked goods. Consumers like the bread that is sold in supermarkets and bakeries. Food safety protocols ensure that the puree is part of safe, healthy products. The OFSP seed is available to smallholder farmers, who are linked with processors who buy the roots. Business models suggest that processing puree is profitable. The Scaling Readiness approach is helping to ensure that more farmers, processors, and consumers benefit from OFSP.

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Kanyamuka, Joseph S., Charles B. L. Jumbe, Jacob Ricker-Gilbert, Abdi-Khalil Edriss et Wezi G. Mhango. « Determinants of ISFM Technology Adoption and Disadoption Among Smallholder Maize Farmers in Central Malawi ». Dans Climate Impacts on Agricultural and Natural Resource Sustainability in Africa, 449–69. Cham : Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-37537-9_26.

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Kerr, Rachel Bezner, Rodgers Msachi, Laifolo Dakishoni, Lizzie Shumba, Zachariah Nkhonya, Peter Berti, Christine Bonatsos et al. « Growing Healthy Communities : Farmer Participatory Research to Improve Child Nutrition, Food Security, and Soils in Ekwendeni, Malawi ». Dans Ecohealth Research in Practice, 37–46. New York, NY : Springer New York, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-0517-7_3.

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Msalya, G., Z. C. Nziku, T. Gondwe, G. C. Kifaro, L. O. Eik et T. Ådnøy. « The Need for Farmer Support and Record Keeping to Enhance Sustainable Dairy Goat Breeding in Tanzania and Malawi ». Dans Climate Impacts on Agricultural and Natural Resource Sustainability in Africa, 287–99. Cham : Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-37537-9_17.

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Actes de conférences sur le sujet "Maladie de Farber"

Cai, Tian, Hastings Chiwasa, Charles Steinfield et Susan Wyche. « Participatory video for nutrition training for farmers in Malawi ». Dans the Seventh International Conference. New York, New York, USA : ACM Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/2737856.2737878.

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Moyo, Yotam Mgonjetsi, Mohamed F. Jeebhay, Roslynn Baatjies, Sufia Dadabhai et Shahieda Adams. « O-213 Obstructive lung disease associated with occupational and environmental exposures among small-scale tobacco farmers in Malawi ». Dans 29th International Symposium on Epidemiology in Occupational Health (EPICOH 2023), Mumbai, India, Hosted by the Indian Association of Occupational Health, Mumbai Branch & Tata Memorial Centre. BMJ Publishing Group Ltd, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/oem-2023-epicoh.50.

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Rapports d'organisations sur le sujet "Maladie de Farber"

Khaila, Stanley, Frank Tchuwa, Steven Franzel et Brent Simpson. The Farmer-to-Farmer Extension Approach in Malawi : A Survey of Lead Farmers. World Agroforestry Centre, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.5716/wp14152.pdf.

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Khaila, S., F. Tchuwa, Steve Franzel et B. Simpson. The farmer-to-farmer extension approach in Malawi : a survey of lead farmers. World Agroforestry Centre (ICRAF), 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.5716/wp14200.pdf.

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Chimombo, Masautso, Mirriam Matita, Loveness Mgalamadzi, Blessings Chinsinga, Ephraim Wadonda Chirwa, Stevier Kaiyatsa et Jacob Mazalale. Interrogating the Effectiveness of Farmer Producer Organisations in Enhancing Smallholder Commercialisation – Frontline Experiences From Central Malawi. Institute of Development Studies (IDS), février 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/apra.2022.004.

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Many years of significant investment into the production and adoption of productivity-enhancing technologies and practices in agriculture have not yielded the desired results. Most smallholder farmers in Africa remain trapped in poverty. Having realised that addressing production challenges alone is not enough to impact the lives of poor smallholder farmers, resources and attention have now shifted to the marketing side of agriculture. Organising farmers into farmer producer organisations (FPOs), like clubs, associations and cooperatives, has been one of the strategies aimed at commercialising smallholder agriculture. In Malawi, smallholder farmers have been organised into FPOs of various types and sizes. This qualitative study interrogated the effectiveness of FPOs in Malawi in meeting their objectives, including the objective of enhancing commercialisation of smallholder farmers through increased access to farm inputs, markets, and agricultural extension and advisory services.

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Research Institute (IFPRI), International Food Policy. The impact of a farmer business school program on incomes of smallholder farmers : Insights from central Malawi. Washington, DC : International Food Policy Research Institute, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.2499/1037800837.

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Kundhlande, Godfrey, Steven Franzel, Brent Simpson et Emma Gausi. Farmer-to-farmer extension approach in Malawi : A survey of organizations using the approach. World Agroforestry Centre, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.5716/wp14384.pdf.

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Matita, Mirriam, Matita, Mirriam, Ephraim Wadonda Chirwa, Stevier Kaiyatsa, Jacob Mazalale, Masautso Chimombo, Loveness Msofi Mgalamadzi et Blessings Chinsinga. Determinants of Smallholder Farmers’ Livelihood Trajectories : Evidence from Rural Malawi. Institute of Development Studies (IDS), février 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/apra.2021.003.

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The authors of this paper attempt use quantitative methods to determine the different factors of livelihood trajectories in the context of agricultural commercialisation. To do this, they draw on primary evidence from household surveys conducted over a span of ten years in Mchinji and Ntchisi districts, in rural Malawi. The authors hypothesise that households that are more commercialised are more likely to expand their investments in agriculture and/or take up livelihoods outside of agriculture. Crucially, they find that factors driving livelihood trajectories are not the same for farmers in different pathways, and highlight the need for policymakers to study findings emphasise the need to adopt context-dependent development approaches, in order to provide sustainable relief from poverty for farming households.

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Matita, Mirriam, Ephraim Wadonda Chirwa, David Zingwe et Jacob Mazalale. Use of Climate-Smart Agriculture Practices and Smallholder Farmer Market Participation in Central Malawi. Institute of Development Studies (IDS), février 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/apra.2022.003.

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In the past few decades, climate-smart agriculture (CSA) has been promoted to improve food security and raise incomes as a strategy for sustainable agricultural development. The adoption rates among smallholder farmers, particularly in Africa, remain low and have varied in different contexts. We investigated the market participation spill over effects from the adoption of CSA practices in central Malawi. We tested the hypothesis that the extent of the use of CSA practices in the past 10 years can lead to production surpluses that enable smallholder farmers to participate in markets and thereby increase agricultural incomes. The findings suggest, among others, the need to intensify efforts to promote CSA adoption specifically over a longer period for benefits of the technologies to materialise. The adoption of CSA practices over time enhances crop market participation – an important aspect required for production sustainability as well as for transforming agriculture towards greater market orientation among smallholder farmers.

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Chinsinga, Blessings, Mirriam Matita, Masautso Chimombo, Loveness Msofi, Stevier Kaiyatsa et Jacob Mazalale. Agricultural Commercialisation and Rural Livelihoods in Malawi : A Historical and Contemporary Agrarian Inquiry. Institute of Development Studies (IDS), novembre 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/apra.2021.043.

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This study was carried out to understand the underlying dynamics of agricultural commercialisation in Malawi, especially among smallholder farmers. Despite various concerted efforts to accelerate agricultural growth and transformation, the progress among smallholder farmers has been less satisfactory. Most of the smallholder farmers do not engage with markets on a consistent and sustainable basis. Consequently, the aim of this paper was to demonstrate that there is no one ideal type of agricultural commercialisation that can be realised through investment and policy intervention.

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Msukwa, Chimwemwe, Jane Burt et John Colvin. Good Governance in Malawi : Impact evaluation of the ‘Strengthening Land Governance System for Smallholder Farmers in Malawi’ project. Oxfam GB, mars 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21201/2021.7345.

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The EU-funded ‘Strengthening Land Governance System for Smallholder Farmers in Malawi’ project was implemented from 2015 to 2020 by a consortium made up of Oxfam in Malawi, LANDNET (until 2018) and CEPA, with technical support from DAI. The objective was to pilot, test and recommend for scale-up improved gender-sensitive land governance systems. This Effectiveness Review evaluates the success of this project to achieve the following focal outcomes: (1) By 2019, laws have been enacted that are relevant to the registration and titling of customary estates and are ready for implementation and (2) By 2020, women and men in two or more of the target Group Village Headpersons (GVHs) in Phalombe, Kasungu and Rumphi districts have secure land tenure with supporting land governance structures. Using a process tracing approach, achievement of these focal outcomes and the consortium's contribution were assessed. Find out more by reading the full report now.

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Nindi, Tabitha. Understanding the factors that influence cereal-legume adoption amongst smallholder farmers in Malawi. Washington, DC : International Food Policy Research Institute, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2499/p15738coll2.134316.

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