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Thèses sur le sujet « Mammalian medial entorhinal cortex »

Auteur : Grafiati
Publié le 6 septembre 2023

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1

Stensola, Tor. "Population codes in medial entorhinal cortex." Doctoral thesis, Norges teknisk-naturvitenskapelige universitet, Institutt for nevromedisin, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:no:ntnu:diva-25419.

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Populasjonskoder i mediale entorhinal korteks Hjernebarken utfører kontinuerlig et velde av kompliserte funksjoner, hvis mekanismer vi kan tjene mye på å forstå. Nevrovitenskap er et relativt nytt fag, men med utrolig moment. Mye vites i dag om enkle nevroners egenskaper, men nevral komputering foregår i store trekk i interaksjonene mellom celler. Men på dette planet er det mange hindere som må overkommes; teknologisk nyvinning og konseptuell modning har ført til at nevrovitenskap gjennom de senere år har kunnet tilnærme seg spørsmal som fanger mekanismer på systemnivå. Hippokampus, som inneho
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2

Tang, Qiusong. "Structure function relationships in medial entorhinal cortex." Doctoral thesis, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Lebenswissenschaftliche Fakultät, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/17163.

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In dieser Arbeit werden Struktur-Funktionsbeziehungen in der medialen entorhinalen Hirnrinde untersucht. Schicht 2 Neurone im medialen entorhinalen Cortex unterteilen sich in calbindin-positive Pyramidenzellen und calbindin-negative Sternzellen. Calbindin-positive Pyramidenzellen bündeln ihre apikalen Dendriten zusammen und formen Zellhaufen, die in einem hexagolen arrangiert sind. Das Gitter von calbindin-positiven Pyramidenzellhaufen ist an Schicht 1 Axonen und dem Parasubiculum ausgerichtet und wird durch cholinerge Eingänge innerviert. Calbindin-positive Pyramidenzellen zeigen stark thet
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3

Ray, Saikat. "Functional architecture of the medial entorhinal cortex." Doctoral thesis, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Lebenswissenschaftliche Fakultät, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/17595.

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Schicht 2 des mediale entorhinale Kortex (MEK) beinhaltet die größte Anzahl von Gitterzellen, welche durch ein hexagonales Aktivitätsmuster während räumlicher Exploration gekennzeichnet sind. In dieser Arbeit wurde gezeigt, dass spezielle Pyramidenzellen, die das Protein Calbindin exprimieren, in einem hexagonalen Gitter im Gehirn der Ratte angeordnet sind und cholinerg innerviert werden. Es ist bekannt, dass die cholinerge Innervation wichtig für die Aktivität von Gitterzellen ist. Weiterhin ergaben neuronale Ableitungen und Methoden zur Identifikaktion einzelner Neurone in frei verhaltende
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Wågen, Rine Sørlie. "Functional Dissection of Local Medial Entorhinal Cortex Subcircuit." Thesis, Norges teknisk-naturvitenskapelige universitet, Institutt for nevromedisin, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:no:ntnu:diva-25537.

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The superficial layers of the medial entorhinal cortex(MEC) contain serval functionally specialized spatial cell types. suck a grid cells, head direction cells, border cells and cells with conjunctive properties. It is currently not know how the firing patterns of these vell populations map onto the architecture og the MEC circuit. Results from recent work suggest that there are two largely non-overlapping neuronal populations within superficial layers of MEC with different prosjecting targets. One of them target the hippocampus while the other prosjects extrahippocampally. It has been shown t
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Berndtsson, Christin H. "The Specificity of Output from Medial Entorhinal Cortex." Thesis, Norges teknisk-naturvitenskapelige universitet, Institutt for nevromedisin, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:no:ntnu:diva-25538.

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The hippocampal formation(HF) and the parahippocampal region (PHR) have been implicated in learning and memory functions. These regions and their subregions form a highly interconnected and complex microcircuitry, where the entorhinal cortex consitutes the nodal point between the hippocampal formation and the cortex. The entorhinal cortex conssists of ywo functionally distinct subregions. It had been suggested that this diffrence in functional output results from differences in microcircuitry, and input and output characteristics whithin the regions. Therefore, in order to understand the funct
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6

Schmidt-Helmstaedter, Helene. "Large-scale circuit reconstruction in medial entorhinal cortex." Doctoral thesis, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/19197.

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Es ist noch weitgehend ungeklärt, mittels welcher Mechanismen die elektrische Aktivität von Nervenzellpopulationen des Gehirns Verhalten ermöglicht. Die Orientierung im Raum ist eine Fähigkeit des Gehirns, für die im Säugetier der mediale entorhinale Teil der Großhirnrinde als entscheidende Struktur identifiziert wurde. Hier wurden Nervenzellen gefunden, die die Umgebung des Individuums in einer gitterartigen Anordnung repräsentieren. Die neuronalen Schaltkreise, welche diese geordnete Nervenzellaktivität im medialen entorhinalen Kortex (MEK) ermöglichen, sind noch wenig verstanden. Die vo
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7

Heys, James Gerard. "Cellular mechanisms underlying spatial processing in medial entorhinal cortex." Thesis, Boston University, 2013. https://hdl.handle.net/2144/12780.

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Thesis (Ph.D.)--Boston University PLEASE NOTE: Boston University Libraries did not receive an Authorization To Manage form for this thesis or dissertation. It is therefore not openly accessible, though it may be available by request. If you are the author or principal advisor of this work and would like to request open access for it, please contact us at open-help@bu.edu. Thank you.<br>Functional brain recordings from several mammalian species including rodents, bats and humans demonstrate that neurons in the medial entorhinal cortex (mEC) represent space in a similar way. Single neurons in m
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8

D'Albis, Tiziano. "Models of spatial representation in the medial entorhinal cortex." Doctoral thesis, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/19306.

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Komplexe kognitive Funktionen wie Gedächtnisbildung, Navigation und Entscheidungsprozesse hängen von der Kommunikation zwischen Hippocampus und Neokortex ab. An der Schnittstelle dieser beiden Gehirnregionen liegt der entorhinale Kortex - ein Areal, das Neurone mit bemerkenswerten räumlichen Repräsentationen enthält: Gitterzellen. Gitterzellen sind Neurone, die abhängig von der Position eines Tieres in seiner Umgebung feuern und deren Feuerfelder ein dreieckiges Muster bilden. Man vermutet, dass Gitterzellen Navigation und räumliches Gedächtnis unterstützen, aber die Mechanismen, die diese Mus
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9

Mena, Armando. "Electrophysiological and morphological characterization of medial entorhinal cortex layer III neurons." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/tape16/PQDD_0006/MQ29754.pdf.

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Mena, Armando. "Electrophysiological and morphological characterization of medial entorhinal cortex layer III neurons." Thesis, McGill University, 1996. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=27379.

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The superficial layers of the entorhinal cortex (EC) are responsible for the transfer of neocortical input to the hippocampal formation (HPC) via the perforant path (PP). A significant, albeit not well characterized, component of the PP originates in EC layer III pyramidal cells and terminates directly in area CA1 of the HPC, circumventing the classical trisynaptic circuit. In an attempt to elaborate the input-output properties of this pathway, neurons of this layer were characterized both morphologically and electrophysiologically in an in vitro rat brain slice preparation using intracellular
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11

Ramsden, Helen Lucy. "Mapping gene expression to function in adult mouse medial entorhinal cortex." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/8984.

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Deciphering the mechanisms that underlie circuit function in the hippocampal formation is a key challenge for neuroscience. This region, which includes the medial entorhinal cortex (MEC), is critical for spatial learning and episodic memory in humans. Spatially modulated cells in the MEC, the grid cells, provide a topographical representation of space, but we are yet to establish the neuronal properties that underlie this or the contribution that particular cells in different regions of the MEC and hippocampus make to circuit function. This is partially because the specific targeting of the ne
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12

Brandon, Mark Paul. "Theta oscillations and spatial coding in the presubsiculum and medial entorhinal cortex." Thesis, Boston University, 2011. https://hdl.handle.net/2144/34465.

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Thesis (Ph.D.)--Boston University<br>PLEASE NOTE: Boston University Libraries did not receive an Authorization To Manage form for this thesis or dissertation. It is therefore not openly accessible, though it may be available by request. If you are the author or principal advisor of this work and would like to request open access for it, please contact us at open-help@bu.edu. Thank you.<br>2031-01-01
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13

Rivest, Alexander Jay. "The Medial Entorhinal Cortex's role in temporal and working memory : characterization of a mouse lacking synaptic transmission in Medial Entorhinal Cortex Layer III." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/62719.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, 2011.<br>Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.<br>Includes bibliographical references (p. 190-212).<br>Declarative memory requires the integration and association of multiple input streams within the medial temporal lobe. Understanding the role each neuronal circuit and projection plays in learning and memory is essential to understanding how declarative and episodic-like memories are formed. This work here addresses the role of the medial entorhinal cortex layer III (MEC-III) to CA1 projections in e
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14

Killian, Nathaniel J. "Bioelectrical dynamics of the entorhinal cortex." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/52148.

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The entorhinal cortex (EC) in the medial temporal lobe plays a critical role in memory formation and is implicated in several neurological diseases including temporal lobe epilepsy and Alzheimer’s disease. Despite the known importance of this brain region, little is known about the normal bioelectrical activity patterns of the EC in awake, behaving primates. In order to develop effective therapies for diseases affecting the EC, we must first understand its normal properties. To contribute to our understanding of the EC, I monitored the activity of individual neurons and populations of neurons
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15

Reifenstein, Eric. "Principles of local computation in the entorhinal cortex." Doctoral thesis, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Lebenswissenschaftliche Fakultät, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/17625.

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Lebewesen sind jeden Tag Sequenzen von Ereignissen ausgesetzt, die sie sich merken wollen. Es ist jedoch ein allgemeines Problem, dass sich die Zeitskalen des Verhaltens und der Induzierung von neuronalem Lernen um mehrere Größenordnungen unterscheiden. Eine mögliche Lösung könnte "Phasenpräzession" sein - das graduelle Verschieben von Aktionspotential-Phasen relativ zur Theta-Oszillation im lokalen Feldpotential. Phasenpräzession ermöglicht es, Verhaltens-Sequenzen zeitlich zu komprimieren, herunter bis auf die Zeitskala von synaptischer Plastizität. In dieser Arbeit untersuche ich das Ph
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16

Schmidt-Helmstaedter, Helene [Verfasser], and Michael [Gutachter] Brecht. "Large-scale circuit reconstruction in medial entorhinal cortex / Helene Schmidt-Helmstaedter ; Gutachter: Michael Brecht." Berlin : Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, 2018. http://d-nb.info/1185495282/34.

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17

Chenani, Alireza [Verfasser], and Christian [Akademischer Betreuer] Leibold. "Influence of medial entorhinal cortex on CA1 population bursts / Alireza Chenani ; Betreuer: Christian Leibold." München : Universitätsbibliothek der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, 2018. http://d-nb.info/1176971743/34.

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18

Toleikyte, G. "Dendritic integration of synaptic inputs in the stellate cells of the medial entorhinal cortex." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2015. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/1469417/.

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Grid cells fire action potentials at regular intervals in space, giving rise to a spectacularly regular and stable hexagonal arrangement of firing fields (Hafting et al., 2005). For this reason they have been proposed to represent a neural code for path integration (McNaughton et al., 2006). Grid cells have primarily been found in layer II of the medial entorhinal cortex (MEC) (Hafting et al., 2005). In this thesis I explore the dendritic properties of putative grid cells in MEC layer II and how they may contribute to generating the grid cell firing pattern. To assess the spatial and temporal
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19

Navratilova, Zaneta. "The Role of Path Integration on Neural Activity in Hippocampus and Medial Entorhinal Cortex." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/238892.

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This thesis explores the role of path integration on the firing of hippocampal place cells and medial entorhinal grid cells. Grid cells fire at equidistant locations in an environment, indicating that they keep track of the distance and direction an animal has moved in an environment. One class of model of path integration uses a continuous attractor network to update position information. The first part of this thesis showed that such a network can generate a "look-ahead" of neural activity that sweeps through the positions just visited and about to be visited, on the short time scale that i
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20

Solanka, Lukas. "Modelling microcircuits of grid cells and theta-nested gamma oscillations in the medial entorhinal cortex." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/10555.

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The relationship between structure, dynamics, and function of neural networks in nervous systems is still an open question in the neuroscience community. Nevertheless, for certain areas of the mammalian nervous system we do have sufficient data to impose constraints on the organisation of the network structure. One of these areas is the medial entorhinal cortex which contains cells with hexagonally repeating spatial receptive fields, called grid cells. Another intriguing property of entorhinal cortex and other cortical regions is a population oscillatory activity, with frequency in the theta (
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21

Tang, Qiusong [Verfasser], Michael [Akademischer Betreuer] Brecht, Richard [Akademischer Betreuer] Kempter, and Dietmar [Akademischer Betreuer] Schmitz. "Structure function relationships in medial entorhinal cortex / Qiusong Tang. Gutachter: Michael Brecht ; Richard Kempter ; Dietmar Schmitz." Berlin : Lebenswissenschaftliche Fakultät, 2015. http://d-nb.info/1068855606/34.

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22

Khawaja, Farhan A. "Ca²+-dependent K+ currents and spike-frequency adaptation in medial entorhinal cortex layer II stellate cells." Thesis, McGill University, 2006. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=101151.

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We hypothesized that stellate cells (SCs) from layer II of the medial entorhinal cortex (MEC) may express currents that underlie spike-frequency adaptation (SFA) and that inhibitory modulation of these currents may permit the non-adapting nature of pulse-evoked post-burst after-discharges, a possible neuronal correlate of the post-stimulus delay firing seen in-vivo during working memory (WM) tasks. It was revealed that SCs contain medium (mIK(Ca)) and slow (sIAHP) Ca2+-dependent K+ currents. Furthermore, it was determined that mIK(Ca) is not mediated by apamin-sensitive SK channels in SCs, whe
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Ray, Saikat [Verfasser], Michael [Gutachter] Brecht, Imre [Gutachter] Vida, and James [Gutachter] Poulet. "Functional architecture of the medial entorhinal cortex / Saikat Ray ; Gutachter: Michael Brecht, Imre Vida, James Poulet." Berlin : Lebenswissenschaftliche Fakultät, 2016. http://d-nb.info/1115767534/34.

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24

Shalinsky, Mark Howard. "Modulation of medial entorhinal cortex layer II neurons by two cation non-specific currents : IH and INCM." Thesis, McGill University, 2002. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=84433.

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Neurons from layer II of the entorhinal cortex (EC} occupy a pivotal position in the medial temporal lobe gating the flow of neocortical information into the hippocampus. Previous "in vivo" studies had shown that EC layer II generates theta rhythmicity, and "in vitro" investigations have demonstrated that the main population of layer II projection neurons, the stellate cells, display intrinsic theta-like autopacemaker properties. EC layer II cells receive important subcortical serotoninergic and cholinergic input from the dorsal raphe and basal forebrain, respectively, and these inputs
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Toader, Oana-Daniela [Verfasser], and Hannah [Akademischer Betreuer] Monyer. "Genetic approaches to probe spatial coding in the medial entorhinal cortex / Oana-Daniela Toader ; Betreuer: Hannah Monyer." Heidelberg : Universitätsbibliothek Heidelberg, 2016. http://d-nb.info/1180736192/34.

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D'Albis, Tiziano [Verfasser], Richard [Gutachter] Kempter, Michael [Gutachter] Brecht, and Alessandro [Gutachter] Treves. "Models of spatial representation in the medial entorhinal cortex / Tiziano D'Albis ; Gutachter: Richard Kempter, Michael Brecht, Alessandro Treves." Berlin : Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, 2018. http://d-nb.info/1185665161/34.

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Schlesiger, Magdalene I. [Verfasser], and Christian [Akademischer Betreuer] Leibold. "The role of the medial entorhinal cortex in spatial and temporal coding / Magdalene I. Schlesiger ; Betreuer: Christian Leibold." München : Universitätsbibliothek der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, 2016. http://d-nb.info/1154385949/34.

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Schlesiger, Magdalene [Verfasser], and Christian [Akademischer Betreuer] Leibold. "The role of the medial entorhinal cortex in spatial and temporal coding / Magdalene I. Schlesiger ; Betreuer: Christian Leibold." München : Universitätsbibliothek der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, 2016. http://d-nb.info/1154385949/34.

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Morgan, N. H. "The role of cannabinoid receptors in modulation of GABAergic neurotransmission in the rat medial entorhinal cortex in vitro." Thesis, Aston University, 2008. http://publications.aston.ac.uk/15356/.

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Type 1 cannabinoid receptors (CB1R) have a well established role in modulating GABAergic signalling with the central nervous system, and are thought to be the only type present at GABAergic presynaptic terminals. In the medial entorhinal cortex (mEC), some cortical layers show high levels of ongoing GABAergic signalling (namely layer II) while others show relatively low levels (layer V). Using whole-cell patch clamp techniques, I have, for the first time, demonstrated the presence of functional CB1R in both deep and superficial layers of the mEC. Furthermore, using a range of highly specific l
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Carmichael, James Eric Sørensen. "The Effects of Speed and Acceleration on the Theta and Delta Band Oscillations in the Hippocampus and Medial Entorhinal Cortex." Thesis, Norges teknisk-naturvitenskapelige universitet, Institutt for nevromedisin, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:no:ntnu:diva-17085.

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The theta band oscillation in the hippocampus and medial entorhinal cortex carries a strong correlation with free movement throughout an environment. Recently several models of these oscillations and their relationship to spatially modulated cells in the hippocampus and entorhinal cortex have started to emerge. One area of focus in theta research has been how the speed of movement modulates the theta frequency. Previous attempts to determine this relationship in the hippocampus and medial temporal lobe have failed to either engage the subject in prolonged running at a constant velocity, or the
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Fischer, Caroline [Verfasser], and Andreas [Akademischer Betreuer] Herz. "Biophysical foundation and function of depolarizing afterpotentials in principal cells of the medial entorhinal cortex / Caroline Fischer ; Betreuer: Andreas Herz." München : Universitätsbibliothek der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, 2019. http://d-nb.info/1196529035/34.

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Topczewska, Aleksandra Paulina. "The role of Cav3.2 Ca2+ channels in influencing the activity of the layer II stellate cells of the Medial Entorhinal Cortex." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2018. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/10042158/.

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Layer II (L II) Medial Entorhinal Cortex (MEC) stellate cell (SC) intrinsic membrane properties vary along the MEC dorsal-ventral axis. This has been attributed partly to altered HCN and K+ conductances (Garden et al. 2008; Giocomo and Hasselmo 2008). The subthreshold active T-type CaV3.2 Ca2+ channels, though, are also expressed in the MEC (Huang et al. 2011). CaV3.2 channels are known to influence neuronal excitability but their effects on dorsal and ventral LII MEC SC properties remain unknown. To investigate this, I obtained acute brain slices from CaV3.2 wild type (CaV3.2+/+) and null (Ca
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Bladon, John H. "The medial and lateral entorhinal cortex of the rat represent item and context with overlap in a context cued object discrimination paradigm." Thesis, Boston University, 2013. https://hdl.handle.net/2144/12056.

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Thesis (M.A.)--Boston University<br>The entorhinal cortex is the main input to the hippocampus and is crucial for episodic memory. The medial entorhinal cortex (MEC) is distinct from the lateral entorhinal cortex (LEC) in that the former processes spatial information, whereas the lateral is implicated in processing objects. However, there is significant overlap in function between the two areas. The spatial representation in the MEC is modulated by behavioral contingencies. Similarly, the LEC shows spatial modulation in the presence of objects. It is clear that the MEC and LEC share some but n
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Tennant, Sarah Anne. "Investigation of circuit mechanisms of spatial memory and navigation in virtual reality." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/28915.

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Spatial memory and navigation relies on estimation of location. This can be achieved through several strategies, including the use of landmarks and by path integration. The latter involves inferring location from direction and distance moved relative to a known start point. The neural mechanisms of path integration are not well understood and implementation of experiments that dissociate path integration from alternative strategies is challenging. The roles of specific cell types are also unknown. Although grid cells in layer 2 of the medial entorhinal cortex (MEC) are theorised to be involved
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Onusic, Gustavo Massaro. "Distribuição da proteína Fos no lobo temporal medial de ratos Wistar durante o medo condicionado ao contexto, luz e som." Universidade de São Paulo, 2010. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/59/59134/tde-25022011-183733/.

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No condicionamento clássico de medo, os animais são treinados associando-se um estímulo neutro, por exemplo, som, contexto ou luz a um estímulo aversivo incondicionado, como um choque elétrico nas patas. Apos repetidos pareamentos, a presença do estímulo que inicialmente era neutro passa a eliciar uma resposta condicionada de medo no animal. O congelamento é a resposta mais proeminente dos animais expostos aos estímulos condicionados previamente pareados com choques nas patas, sendo freqüentemente utilizado como medida de medo condicionado (MC). Circuitos cerebrais independentes subjacentes
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Arboit, Alberto [Verfasser], and Oliver [Gutachter] Stork. "Involvement of TRPC4 and TRPC5 channels in persistent firing in the hippocampus and in the medial entorhinal cortex / Alberto Arboit ; Gutachter: Oliver Stork." Magdeburg : Universitätsbibliothek Otto-von-Guericke-Universität, 2021. http://d-nb.info/1239811489/34.

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Jacob, Pierre-Yves. "Rôle du cortex entorhinal médian dans le traitement des informations spatiales : études comportementales et électrophysiologiques." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014AIXM4702/document.

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Le travail de recherche réalisé au cours de cette thèse s'intéresse à la nature des représentations spatiales formées par le cortex entorhinal médian (CEM). Tout d'abord, nous montrons que le CEM code spécifiquement une information de distance, l'une des composantes nécessaires pour que l'animal puisse réaliser un type de navigation reposant sur les informations idiothétiques, appelé intégration des trajets. Puis, nous observons que le système vestibulaire, une source importante d'informations idiothétiques, influence l'activité thêta du CEM et permet la modulation de ce rythm
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Allison, Elizabeth Anastasia Margaret Alice. "Exploring the roles of inputs to hippocampal area CA1." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/23453.

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Place cells in the hippocampus fire in specific locations within an environment. The aim of this thesis is to investigate the different inputs to the hippocampus and what they contribute to place cell activity and performance of hippocampus-dependent tasks. Place cell activity can also be modulated by relevant features of a task such as a future destination or trajectory. Initial experiments investigated the origin and function of this trajectory-dependent activity and later experiments targeted the medial entorhinal cortex inputs to the hippocampal formation and investigated what they contrib
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Henley, Benjamin. "Characterising the anti-convulsant effects of CBD and CBDV on layer II of the medial entorhinal cortex of rat and human brain tissue in vitro." Thesis, Aston University, 2018. http://publications.aston.ac.uk/37675/.

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Epilepsy is a common and serious neurological disorder, which manifests in seizures, and has an incidence of approximately 1% of the world population. In developed nations, most instances are relatively well controlled through the use of anti-epileptic drugs (AEDs). For around a third of cases, AEDs are ineffective, resulting in poorly maintained seizures otherwise known as refractory, or drug-resistant epilepsy (DRE). Currently, treatment of DRE often requires neurosurgery to be performed to resect seizure generating foci. Historically, such treatment was used as a last resort due to the inva
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Huff, Mary Louise. "Separate basolateral amygdala projections to the hippocampal formation differentially modulate the consolidation of contextual and emotional learning." Diss., University of Iowa, 2016. https://ir.uiowa.edu/etd/2223.

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Previous research investigating the neural circuitry underlying memory consolidation has primarily focused on single “nodes” in the circuit rather than the neural connections between brain regions, despite the likely importance of these connections in mediating different aspects or forms of memory. This focus has, in part, been due to technical limitations; however the advent of optogenetics has altered our capabilities in this regard, enabling optical control over neural pathways with temporal and spatial precision. The current set of experiments took advantage of optogenetics to control acti
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Persson, Bjorn Martin. "Cognitive and neural processes underlying memory for time and context." Thesis, University of St Andrews, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10023/11024.

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The aim of this thesis is to examine the underlying cognitive and neural processes at play during retrieval of temporal and contextual source information. This was assessed across three experimental chapters. In the first experimental chapter, Chapter 2, the neural loci of context associations were assessed. Rats trained on an odour-context association task were given lesions to either the Lateral Entorhinal Cortex (LEC) or sham lesions. After surgery, performance on the odour-context task was assessed. It was hypothesised that memory for previously learned odour-context associations would be
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Didic-Hamel, Cooke Mira. "Apport de l'étude des systèmes mnésiques mesiotemporaux au diagnostic précoce de la Maladie d'Alzheimer débutante." Thesis, Aix-Marseille 2, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011AIX20651.

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Un nombre croissant de travaux chez l’animal et chez l’homme suggèrent que les différentes structures composant le lobe temporal interne (LTI) contribuent de manière différentielle à la mémoire déclarative. Chez l’homme, deux réseaux neuraux impliquant le LTI sont décrits : un réseau mésiotemporal antérieur, constitué de structures pour lesquelles les études chez les patients cérébro-lésés indiquent qu’elles contribueraient à la mémoire décontextualisée (mémoire des objets et mémoire sémantique ou mémoire du « quoi ») ; un réseau mésiotemporal postérieur, constitué d’autres structures pour les
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Mittal, Divyansh. "Robustness of Neural Activity Dynamics in the Medial Entorhinal Cortex." Thesis, 2022. https://etd.iisc.ac.in/handle/2005/5808.

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Biological systems exhibit considerable heterogeneity in their constitutive components and encounter stochasticity across all scales of analysis. Therefore, central questions that span all biological systems are: (a) How does the system manifest robustness in the face of parametric variability and stochasticity? (b) What are the mechanisms used by disparate biological systems to maintain the robustness of physiological outcomes? In this thesis, we chose the mammalian medial entorhinal cortex (MEC) as the model system to systematically study the principles that govern functional robustness acro
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DiMauro, Audrey. "Functional interactions between the hippocampus, medial entorhinal cortex and medial prefrontal cortex for spatial and nonspatial processing." Thesis, 2014. https://hdl.handle.net/2144/15401.

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Memory formation and recall depend on a complex circuit that includes the hippocampus and associated cortical regions. The goal of this thesis was to understand how two of the cortical connections, the medial entorhinal cortex (MEC) and medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC), influence spatial and nonspatial activity in the hippocampus. Cells in the MEC exhibit prominent spatially selective activity and have been hypothesized to drive place representation in the hippocampus. In Experiment 1 the MEC was transiently inactivated using the inhibitory opsin ArchaerhodopsinT (ArchT), and simultaneous rec
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Monaghan, Caitlin. "Effects of pharmacological manipulations on activity in the medial entorhinal cortex." Thesis, 2016. https://hdl.handle.net/2144/16727.

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Animal research involving the effects of anxiolytics on theta oscillations has focused on changes in theta frequency in the hippocampus, rather than effects in medial entorhinal cortex (MEC), which provides the cortical input to the hippocampus and is the source of Type I (movement-related) theta rhythm. Neurons coding spatial location, including “grid cells,” are found in the MEC and aspects of their spatial modulation have been linked to theta rhythm in different ways. Theta frequency recorded in the local field potential (LFP) is also strongly correlated with running speed and is used in
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"Modulation of medial entorhinal cortex layer II cell circuitry by stress hormones." Tulane University, 2017.

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Shay, Christopher Frank. "Cellular properties of the medial entorhinal cortex as possible mechanisms of spatial processing." Thesis, 2015. https://hdl.handle.net/2144/16251.

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Cells of the rodent medial entorhinal cortex (EC) possess cellular properties hypothesized to underlie the spatially periodic firing behaviors of 'grid cells' (GC) observed in vivo. Computational models have simulated experimental GC data, but a consensus as to what mechanism(s) generate GC properties has not been reached. Using whole cell patch-clamp and computational modeling techniques this thesis investigates resonance, rebound spiking and persistent spiking properties of medial EC cells to test potential mechanisms generating GC firing. The first experiment tested the voltage depende
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Morrissey, Mark. "Separating the Functions of the Medial and Lateral Entorhinal Cortex: Differential Involvement in Spatial and Non-spatial Memory Retrieval." Thesis, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/1807/31349.

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Anatomical connectivity and single neuron coding suggest a dissociation of information representation within the lateral and medial entorhinal cortex, a brain region with widespread connections to cortical areas. We aimed to expand this idea by examining differential contribution of these two sub-regions to the retrieval of non-spatial and spatial memory. Inactivation of lateral, but not medial regions severely impaired the retrieval of recently and remotely acquired non-spatial memory while spatial memory remained intact. To link functioning of the lateral entorhinal cortex with the known rol
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Newmark, Randall. "High resolution fMRI of hippocampal subfields and medial temporal cortex during working memory." Thesis, 2014. https://hdl.handle.net/2144/14297.

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Computational models combined with electrophysiological studies have informed our understanding about the role of hippocampal subfields (dentate gyrus, DG; CA subfields, subiculum) and Medial Temporal Lobe (MTL) cortex (entorhinal, perirhinal, parahippocampal cortices) during working memory (WM) tasks. Only recently have functional neuroimaging studies begun to examine under which conditions the MTL are recruited for WM processing in humans, but subfield contributions have not been examined in the WM context. High-resolution fMRI is well suited to test hypotheses regarding the recruitment of M
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Tanninen, Stephanie. "Direct Connections between the Lateral Entorhinal Cortex and Hippocampus or Medial Prefrontal cortex: Their Role in the Retrieval of Associative Memories." Thesis, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1807/33556.

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Consolidation of associative memories may depend on communication between the lateral entorhinal cortex (LEC) and hippocampus (HPC) for recently learned memories and the LEC and medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) for remote memories. To determine whether direct connections between these regions are necessary for the retrieval of a recently or remotely learned memory, rats acquired an associative memory through trace eyeblink conditioning and were tested for memory retention after inactivating the regions of interest with the GABAA agonist, muscimol. Inactivating the LEC-HPC connection did not im
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