Littérature scientifique sur le sujet « Market potential estimation »
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Articles de revues sur le sujet "Market potential estimation"
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Baimai, Chaiwat, et Jose Luis Daniel. « Market Potential Estimation for Tourism in Emerging Markets ». PASOS Revista de turismo y patrimonio cultural 7, no 3 (2009) : 515–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.25145/j.pasos.2009.07.037.
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Waheeduzzaman, A. N. M. « Market Potential Estimation in International Markets : A Comparison of Methods ». Journal of Global Marketing 21, no 4 (19 septembre 2008) : 307–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/08911760802206144.
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Wu, Ziqing, Raphaël Oger, Matthieu Lauras, Benoit Montreuil, Louis Faugère et Aymeric Libeau. « Market Potential Estimation Framework for Circular Economy ». IFAC-PapersOnLine 56, no 2 (2023) : 10333–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ifacol.2023.10.1043.
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Ermashkevich, Natalia, et A. Voronina. « The Method of Estimating International Market’s Potential From Perspective of Expansion ». Scientific Research and Development. Economics of the Firm 10, no 1 (8 avril 2021) : 65–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/2306-627x-2021-10-1-65-73.
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Following article describes scoring method for international market from perspective of expansion, based on criteria’s that is widely used in economics and marketing. The idea of the method is estimating international market’s potential by using the criteria system and choosing most suited entering strategy by following an algorithm. Estimation of international market’s perspective contains quantitative data, for analyzing competition environment of sectorial market, possible targeted audience and logistics performance. The method can be used by any organization, regardless of its size or industry specifics, for estimating international’s market potential from perspective of expansion.
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Amita Sharma, Jolly Masih, et Ashish Sharma Jonathan Deutsch. « Study on Gap Estimation between Market Potential and Market share of Gluten-Free Market ». International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences 6, no 4 (10 avril 2017) : 1954–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.20546/ijcmas.2017.604.233.
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Gnidchenko, A. A. « Estimating Russia’s export potential taking into account sales, logistics and production constraints ». Voprosy Ekonomiki, no 3 (2 mars 2025) : 5–28. https://doi.org/10.32609/0042-8736-2025-3-5-28.
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In this paper, we develop a strand of research on estimating Russia’s export potential in the two-fold manner. First, two forms of export potential with different driving forces are formulated and estimated separately: diversification potential pushed by moving to the related areas of product specialization, and inertial potential pulled by growing traditional destination markets. Second, we account for market, logistics and production constraints on implementing export potential, as well as for competition in the local markets. Diversification export potential equals $59 billion, while the 2 /3 of this amount is blocked mainly by production and sales constraints; inertial component of export potential is $46.7 billion, and more than 1 /4 of this amount is blocked by production constraints; estimation results are also detailed by industries, partner countries and regions of Russia. We highlight the important role of economic policy in ensuring the full implementation of the export potential (specifically, by eliminating production, market and logistics constraints).
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Eldomiaty, Tarek, Islam Azzam, Mostafa Fouad et Yasmeen Said. « The Use of Economic Indicators as Early Signals of Stock Market Progress : Perspectives from Market Potential Index ». International Journal of Financial Studies 12, no 1 (26 février 2024) : 21. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijfs12010021.
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The progress of financial markets depends on the way world investors foresee the market potential of the country of choice. Countries that are associated with favorable economic incentives are able to motivate investments in their respective stock markets. The objective of this paper is to examine the role of the many economic components which constitute the Market Potential Index in enhancing stock market progress. The methodology goes through testing and estimation. The tests include linearity versus nonlinearity (RESET), normality, and cointegration. The estimation includes cointegration regression and discriminant analysis to distinguish between high and low stock market progress. This study examines unbalanced panel data that covers the years 1996–2022 for 54 countries where a stock market exists. The results show the following: (a) increases in people’s expenditure result in decreases in consumption of investment in financial securities; (b) the investments in infrastructure technology is positively associated with stock market progress; (c) the positive effect of economic freedom indicates that further adaptive trading regulations are beneficial to stock market progress; (d) increases in imports consume large proportions of people’s income, coming at the expense of investment in financial securities; (e) stock markets that are associated with high country risk are characterized by a positive risk–return tradeoff, i.e., a high risk premium; (f) the stock markets listed in the MPI can reach high progress by improving three indicators, namely commercial infrastructure, market receptivity, and country risk. This paper offers a thorough and unique examination of the institutional arrangements and stock market progress. The paper offers a guide to policy makers about how economic institutional arrangements can be promoted in order to reach high stock market progress.
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Marina, A., S. Spoelstra, H. A. Zondag et A. K. Wemmers. « An estimation of the European industrial heat pump market potential ». Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews 139 (avril 2021) : 110545. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2020.110545.
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Halsnæs, Kirsten. « Market potential for Kyoto mechanisms—estimation of global market potential for co-operative greenhouse gas emission reduction policies ». Energy Policy 30, no 1 (janvier 2002) : 13–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0301-4215(01)00056-8.
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Wang, Yanyu, Lingling Pei et Zhengxin Wang. « The NLS-based Grey Bass Model for Simulating New Product Diffusion ». International Journal of Market Research 59, no 5 (septembre 2017) : 655–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.2501/ijmr-2017-045.
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To solve the problems inherent in the existing Bass model, this paper develops a grey Bass model using a non-linear least squares method (NLS) and provides the whitenisation solution of differential equations. A Bass model exploits the specific advantage in simulating and predicting new product diffusion. Unfortunately, the existing Bass model has two problems: one lies in the conflict between the small sample support in new product diffusion and the large sample requirement in Bass model estimations; the other is over-reliance on the subjective experience in estimating potential market capacity. Although Wang et al. (2011) proposed the grey Bass model to solve the first problem, the second problem remains untouched. Based on this work by Wang and colleagues, the improved method described in this paper is not only suitable for the small sample situation, but also directly estimates potential market capacity. Using the WeChat case, the authors test the improved method's estimation and prediction effects. The results show that the estimations for internal coefficient, external coefficient and potential market capacity are all significant at the 1% level, and the prediction effect in grey theory critical level reaches level 1. Additionally, internal and external sample prediction are both consistent with the raw data and company report.
Thèses sur le sujet "Market potential estimation"
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Tegnér, Mi. « Importance of estimation of market potential : a case of Sandvik Tooling ». Thesis, Högskolan i Gävle, Avdelningen för ekonomi, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hig:diva-9454.
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Abstract Title: Importance of estimation of market potential- a case of Sandvik Tooling Level: Bachelor Degree in BusinessAdministration, 15 ECTS-Credits in Marketing Author: Mi Tegnér Supervisor: Akmal Hyder Date: 2011-05 Aim: The aim of this thesis is to study in which waySandvik Tooling and certain other international companies’ measure and estimatethe market potential Method: I have used a qualitative method. This meansthat I have focused on the big picture rather than solely on parts from thecollected material. The qualitative method was based on interviews with 12respondents, both within Sandvik AB and with employees from other internationalcompanies. Furthermore, I have made an interconnection between my empirical andtheoretical part in order to draw conclusions on the findings. Result & Conclusions: The study shows some importantfactors, which may affect a company´s effort to measure and estimate the marketpotential. They are; gaps may easily appear when customers and companies havedifferent views on quality, price and productivity, too large amounts ofinformation, the importance of new ideas and perspectives. A company canminimize their problems and any errors within the collected material if theywork after similar framework, consisting of clear structures and methodologies. Suggestions for future research: Future research could be to do asimilar study, to identify methods to measure and estimate market potential forSandvik Tooling but within an international setting. Then compare this resultwith my result to see in which way the perception of market potential differsin the different countries. Contribution of the thesis: From my research, I have got an understandingthat the process of measuring and estimating companies market potential is notan easy mission. Especially among the companies, which consist of differentbusiness areas, product areas and segment areas. I hope the study will beinteresting for the employee´s working with market potential and businessdevelopment, to see that people within the same company may have differentviews about this subject. I also believe that managers in general would benefitfrom this study, to understand that their employees would like to see a moresimilar framework within the company, when it comes to measure and estimatemarket potential. During this thesis, I found a deficiency of scientificarticles about the subject, measuring a company´s market potential. It had beeninteresting to see if my results corresponded to previous results in the samesubject. Key words: business areas, benchmarking, estimation,market potential, market shares, measuring
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Wu, Ziqing. « Towards hyperconnected circular supply chains : conceptualization, demand estimation, and network design ». Electronic Thesis or Diss., Ecole nationale des Mines d'Albi-Carmaux, 2025. http://www.theses.fr/2025EMAC0002.
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L'économie circulaire suscite un intérêt croissant tant dans le milieu académique que dans l'industrie, mais la mise en œuvre des principes circulaires continue de rencontrer des défis importants. En particulier, les chaînes logistiques dynamiques et les systèmes logistiques efficaces capables de soutenir des opérations circulaires restent sous-développés. Cette thèse aborde trois défis majeurs des chaînes logistiques circulaires et propose des contributions distinctes pour faire avancer ce domaine en évolution. Premièrement, elle explore l'intégration des principes de l'Internet Physique dans les chaînes logistiques circulaires. Les systèmes circulaires impliquent des flux complexes multidirectionnels de matériaux, une collaboration entre divers acteurs, et une participation active des clients finaux, ce qui engendre des défis opérationnels uniques. Les principes de l'Internet Physique — tels que les flux fluides, la collaboration entre les parties prenantes et les fonctionnalités plug-and-play — en font une solution potentiellement prometteuse à ces défis. Un cadre conceptuel est proposé, fusionnant les concepts de l'Internet Physique et des chaînes logistiques circulaires, et décrivant dix caractéristiques interconnectées. De plus, un modèle de maturité est développé pour aider les entreprises à évaluer leurs pratiques actuelles et à élaborer des plans d'action pour adopter ce cadre. La deuxième contribution traite du défi de l'estimation de la demande pour les nouvelles entreprises entrant dans l'économie circulaire. Un cadre d'estimation du potentiel de marché est proposé, intégrant des méthodes quantitatives et qualitatives. Ce cadre combine une analyse par regroupement, des techniques d'aide à la décision multicritères et des avis d'experts pour estimer le potentiel de marché sur la base des statistiques des produits existants et des recherches secondaires sur le marché. La troisième contribution se concentre sur la conception du réseau de la chaîne logistique dans le contexte de l'économie circulaire et de l'Internet Physique. Un système d'aide à la décision est développé, intégrant des modèles de programmation linéaire en nombres entiers pour optimiser les décisions de localisation des installations. Ce système incorpore le cadre conceptuel de la première contribution et exploite les scénarios de demande issus de la deuxième, offrant aux décideurs des solutions sur mesure pour la conception de réseaux. Les trois contributions sont illustrées à travers un cas industriel sur le rétrofit électrique des véhicules à moteur thermique, démontrant l'applicabilité et la pertinence des solutions proposéesThe Circular Economy is receiving growing attention in both academia and industry, yet the implementation of circular principles continues to face significant challenges. In particular, dynamic supply chains and efficient logistics systems that can support circular operations remain underdeveloped. This thesis addresses three key challenges in circular supply chains and offers distinct contributions to advance this evolving field. First, it explores the integration of Physical Internet principles into circular supply chains. Circular systems involve complex multi-directional flows of materials, collaboration among diverse stakeholders, and active engagement from end customers, all of which introduce unique operational challenges. Physical Internet principles — such as seamless flows, stakeholder collaboration, and plug-and-play functionalities — position it as a promising potential solution to these challenges. A conceptual framework is introduced, merging Physical Internet and circular supply chain concepts, and detailing ten interrelated characteristics. Additionally, a maturity model is developed to help companies assess their current practices and devise action plans for adopting this framework. The second contribution addresses the challenge of demand estimation for new businesses entering the circular economy. A market potential estimation framework is proposed, incorporating both quantitative and qualitative methods. This framework combines clustering analysis, multi-criteria decision-making techniques, and expert judgment to estimate market potential based on existing product statistics and secondary market research. The third contribution focuses on supply chain network design within the Circular Economy and Physical Internet context. A decision-support system is developed, incorporating mixed-integer programming models to optimize facility location decisions. This system incorporates the conceptual framework from the first contribution and leverages demand scenarios from the second, offering decision-makers tailored solutions for network design. All three contributions are illustrated through an industrial case on the electric retrofitting of Internal Combustion Engine vehicles, demonstrating the applicability and relevance of the proposed solutions
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Lundström, Lars. « Market Access and Regional Wage Structure : Estimating the Helpman-Hanson Model for Sweden ». Thesis, Internationella Handelshögskolan, Högskolan i Jönköping, IHH, Nationalekonomi, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-19200.
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In this paper the Helpman-Hanson model is estimated using Swedish municipality level data. The Helpman-Hanson model builds on Krugman’s contributions to the NEG theory but makes use of a housing sector instead of the usual agricultural sector. The Helpman-Hanson equation is optimized both in levels and in first differences and the results confirm a positive relationship between wages and market potential, although the effect of transport costs on the distribution of wages turns out to be non-existent. Additionally, all of the estimated structural parameter values end up within the consistency ranges required by theory and most of them, except for a very large estimate for the elasticity of substitution, fall in line with previous research.
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Liu, Shan. « Estimating the Potential Impact of Carbon Markets on North Carolina Forests ». NCSU, 2009. http://www.lib.ncsu.edu/theses/available/etd-11052009-234247/.
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Several studies have examined the theoretical aspects of determining the optimal carbon rotation. This paper explores the tradeoff between timber and net carbon sequestration in managing representative forest management types in North Carolina. Under conservative assumptions regarding the social benefits of carbon storage, optimal rotation periods are extended depending on the forest type, carbon price, interest rate, and emission penalty under consideration. Analysis shows when carbon price is low the extension of the joint timber-carbon rotation are similar among DOE, CCX, and VCS protocols; when carbon price is high, the joint rotation extends longer under DOE protocol than the other two protocols, especially in the lowland hardwood forest type. Results suggest that such joint strategies could be financially attractive. Sensitivity analysis is used to examine the effects of changes in financial parameters on landowner returns and optimal management. Under most assumptions, our findings indicate that including carbon sequestration in forest management increases returns but leads to only marginal changes in rotation length.
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Huang, Yi-Hao, et 黃逸豪. « Investigating optimal combination of product characteristics and potential taste of the consumer market through the utility function least square estimation ». Thesis, 2017. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/r5tkvq.
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Chen, Yu-Chieh, et 陳郁潔. « Estimating the Market Potential of PortableFuel Cell Industry in Taiwan ». Thesis, 2009. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/51974258248891956335.
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碩士中原大學
國際貿易研究所
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Limited energy supply and global warming problems together have resulted in the surges of alternative energy development in recent years. Fuel cells, which have been characterized as having high energy transfer efficiency, low pollution, low noise…and so on, have become a potentially important source of energy for portable 3C products. This study aims to explore the market potential of Taiwan’s portable fuel cell industry. The lack of historical data on fuel cells, however, has prevented us from estimating the necessary parameter values needed in projecting the output of fuel cell industry directly. To accommodate this, we chose to estimate the parameter values for lithium battery industry, as well as to estimate most of the parameters for Japanese industries instead of Taiwanese ones. Basically, we estimated the learning elasticities of lithium battery products at different phases of product development, the substitution elasticities of lithium battery products between different phases of product development, the future movement of lithium battery and fuel cell production for Japan, the future demand of major portable 3C products for Taiwan, and the price ratio of fuel cell to lithium battery. With all these estimates, we were able to estimate the amount of lithium battery demand and the proportion of which could be substituted by fuel cells in the years to come. Our results show that the learning elasticity of the lithium battery industry is between -0.0583 and -0.427 for Taiwan, and is between -0.685 and -1.08 for the Japanese ones. As to the substitution elasticities, the estimated value between any two products at different phases of product development is between 1.28 and 2.46. The resulted estimates of the amount of fuel cell that will substitute lithium battery show an increasing trend and would have the chance to surpass lithium battery in year 2014-2015.
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Citizen, Gregory Dale. « A new device for estimating local area enlistment market potential ». Thesis, 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/10945/21466.
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Chen, Chun-Kai, et 陳群楷. « Trends of Prescribing Antirheumatic Agent and Market Potential Estimating – A National Health Insurance Database Analysis ». Thesis, 2010. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/59203287257835024530.
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碩士國立交通大學
管理學院碩士在職專班管理科學組
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The purpose of this research is trying to use retrospective analysis of National Health Insurance Research Database (NHIRD) to understand the trend of medication for rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and to estimate the market potential of RA. The research approach is to utilize systemic sampling cohort database of 200,000 insurers were provided by the National Health Research Institutes (NHRI) for research material. The duration of sampling cohort database was from year 2003 to 2008. We mainly utilized ‘ clinical prescription and treatment detail shelf ’ to analyze the new incidence rate of RA in Taiwan and cross link to ‘ outpatient order detail shelf‘ to analyze the trend of medication and combination from 2004 to 2008. Meanwhile, we target the annual incidence patients in 2004 to trace their trend of medication and combination in each year during 2004 to 2008. The result of study found the incidence rate of new rheumatoid arthritis case from 0.38% in 2004 dropped to 0.24% in 2008. The new incidence rate of group of 41 to 60 years old is the highest; the group of 61 to 80 years old takes second place, the group under the age of 20 is the lowest; overall, the new incidence rate of women are higher than man. 65% of new incidence cases were prescribed medication at their first visit. Non-Steroid Anti-Inflammatory Drugs (NSAID) was the first choice (above 90% prescription and mainly single use). Tracing prescription of annual incidence patients in 2004, we found that the prescription of NSAID decreased by years and the prescription of Disease Modifying Anti-Rheumatic Drugs (DMARDs) was increase by years and so did the prescription of DMARDs combinations. The average of beginning to prescribe DMARDs, DMARDs combination and biologics are 186.8, 344.1, 593.3 days. The prescription rate of biologics grows up at the speed of 20% for every year. Via retrospective analysis of NHIRD, this research set up Patient Flow which can clearly show the market situation of biologics and moreover can forecast the market potential in the future. In addition, there is a greater market potential than other areas in the center district, and the medical center and regional hospital will be the key area of marketing.
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Mendes, João Maria De Herédia De Sousa. « Consulting project for José de Mello saude : enhancing remote medical care in the Portuguese market estimating the potential profitability of clinical remote services ». Master's thesis, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10362/106057.
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The following report gives an overview of the viability of a Clinical Contact Centre as well as of the future challenges that José de Mello Saúde may face in the future. In relation to the Clinical Contact Centre, a qualitative research was performed regarding nurses’ willingness to provide out bound contacts in a centralized contact centre. Additionally, an operational recommendation is presented, which materializes in the definition of the daily operations since pilot testing to steady-state. To complement this recommendation, a detailed cost-benefit analysis is also provided. Lastly, the future challenges of the health care industry were identified.
Livres sur le sujet "Market potential estimation"
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Verbruggen, Aviel. Estimating the sales potential of a new heating system : An "inverted" Lancaster approach. Brussels : European Institute For Advanced Studies in Management, 1988.
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Alichi, Ali, Shalva Mkhatrishvili, Armen Nurbekyan, Douglas Laxton et Hayk Avetisyan. Multivariate Filter Estimation of Potential Output for the United States : An Extension with Labor Market Hysteresis. International Monetary Fund, 2019.
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Alichi, Ali, Shalva Mkhatrishvili, Armen Nurbekyan, Douglas Laxton et Hayk Avetisyan. Multivariate Filter Estimation of Potential Output for the United States : An Extension with Labor Market Hysteresis. International Monetary Fund, 2019.
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Alichi, Ali, Shalva Mkhatrishvili, Armen Nurbekyan, Douglas Laxton et Hayk Avetisyan. Multivariate Filter Estimation of Potential Output for the United States : An Extension with Labor Market Hysteresis. International Monetary Fund, 2019.
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Citizen, Gregory Dale. A new device for estimating local area enlistment market potential. 1985.
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Bandyopadhyay, Arindam. Basic Statistics for Risk Management in Banks and Financial Institutions. Oxford University Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780192849014.001.0001.
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The book provides an engaging account of theoretical, empirical, and practical aspects of various statistical methods in measuring risks of financial institutions, especially banks. In this book, the author demonstrates how banks can apply many simple but effective statistical techniques to analyse risks they face in business and safeguard themselves from potential vulnerability. It covers three primary areas of banking risks—credit, market, and operational risk, and in a uniquely intuitive, step-by-step manner, the author provides hands-on details on the primary statistical tools that can be applied for financial risk measurement and management. The book lucidly introduces concepts of various well-known statistical methods such as correlations, regression, matrix approach, probability and distribution theorem, hypothesis testing, Value at Risk (Vary), and Monte Carlo simulation techniques and provides a hands-on estimation and interpretation of these tests in measuring risks of the financial institutions. The books strike a fine balance between concepts and mathematics to tell a rich story of thoughtful use of statistical methods. The book will be of much interest to academics, risk managers, bankers, and consultants and general readers too. It emphasizes on specific risk measurement tools and techniques with data applications, templates required for data collection and analysis, numerous excel-based illustrations as well as analysis in econometric packages. Excel-based hands-on and use of econometric packages like STATA, EVIEWS, and @RISK will help practitioners, academia, and students to connect theory with application.
Chapitres de livres sur le sujet "Market potential estimation"
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Křížková, Ivana, Meng Le Zhang, Dan Olner et Gwilym Pryce. « Social Frontiers : Estimating the Spatial Boundaries Between Residential Groups and Their Impacts on Crime ». Dans The Urban Book Series, 285–304. Cham : Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-74544-8_13.
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AbstractInthischapter, we highlight the importance of social frontiers—sharp spatial divisions in the residential make-up of adjacent communities—as a potentially important form of segregation. The handful of studies estimating the impacts of social frontiers have been based in the USA and the UK, both of which are free-market democracies with a long history of immigration, ethnic mix and segregation. There are currently no studies of social frontiers in former socialist countries, for example, or in countries where immigration and ethnic mix are only a recent phenomenon or non-existent. This chapter aims to address this research gap by estimating the impacts of social frontiers on crime rates in a post-socialistcountry, Czechia. We demonstrate how a Bayesianspatial conditional autoregressive estimation can be used to detect social frontiers in this setting, and we use a fixed effect quasi-Poisson model to investigate the impact on crime. Our results suggest that in new immigration destinations, social frontiers may not be associated with higher rates of crime, at least in the short run. Moreover, our use of cultural distance measures helps to promote a more nuanced approach to studying the impact of segregation and highlights the role of cultural diversity in understanding the link between immigrant segregation and crime. We reflect on how this approach could contribute to the study of segregation and inequality in the Chinese context.
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Babb, Harold W., et A. James Wynne. « Prizm : A Geodemographic Market Research and Planning System for Estimating Relative Sales Potential ». Dans Proceedings of the 1982 Academy of Marketing Science (AMS) Annual Conference, 538. Cham : Springer International Publishing, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-16946-0_130.
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Sorhun, Engin. « Computation of the Potential Trade of Turkey in the OIC Market Through Estimator Selection Process ». Dans Globalization of Financial Institutions, 125–38. Cham : Springer International Publishing, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-01125-7_9.
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Samanta, G. P. « ON THE NEW TRANSFORMATION-BASED APPROACH TO VALUE-AT-RISK ». Dans Advances in Banking Technology and Management, 278–97. IGI Global, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-59904-675-4.ch017.
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This chapter deals with the measurement of Value-at-Risk parameter for a portfolio using historical returns. The main issue here is the estimation of suitable percentile of the underlying return distribution. If returns were normal variates, the task would have been very simple. But it is well documented in the literature that financial market returns seldom follow normal distribution. So, one has to identify suitable distribution, mostly other than normal, for the returns and find out the percentile of the identified distribution. The class of non-normal distribution, however, is extremely wide and heterogeneous, and one faces a decision-making problem of identifying the best distributional form from such a wide class of potential alternatives. In order to simplify the task of handling non-normality while estimating VaR, we adopt the transformation-based approach used in Samanta (2003). The performance of the transformation-based approach is compared with two widely used VaR models. Empirical results are quite encouraging and identify the transformation-based approach as a useful and sensible alternative.
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Hrnčević, Lidia. « Greenhouse Gas Emissions from the Petroleum Industry ». Dans Natural Resources Management, 213–41. IGI Global, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-0803-8.ch011.
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Greenhouse Gas (GHG) emissions occur, more or less, in all aspects of the petroleum industry's activities. Besides the direct emissions of some GHG, the petroleum industry is also characterised with high energy intensity usually followed by emissions of adverse gases, especially at old facilities, and also the products with high emission potential. Being the global industry and one of the major players on global market, the petroleum industry is also subjected to global regulatory provisions regarding GHG emissions. In this chapter, the impact of global climate change on the petroleum industry is discussed. The emissions from the petroleum industry are analysed with a special focus on greenhouse gases that occur in petroleum industry activities and types and sources of emissions from the petroleum industry activities. In addition, recommendations for estimation, monitoring, and reductions of GHG emissions from the petroleum industry are given.
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Hejazi, Taha-Hossein, et Amirmohsen Hejazi. « Monte Carlo Simulation for Reliability-Based Design of Automotive Complex Subsystems ». Dans Mathematical Concepts and Applications in Mechanical Engineering and Mechatronics, 177–200. IGI Global, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-1639-2.ch009.
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Design and production of high reliable and safer systems with longer life has been a challenge because of high competitive market and recent safety issues of reputable car manufacturers. In this chapter, a methodology is introduced for reliability based design of automotive system. FMEA results are used in the process of failure rate estimation. The basic failure data are adjusted by multiplicative corrective factors to account for the design and environment impacts on system failure characteristics. The system is modeled by reliability block diagram (RBD) method, simulated by an efficient Monte Carlo method. According to the results of FMEA and reliability evaluation, the structure of system is improved by reducing the components failure rates and potential change of system configuration. The components' reliability is improved by increasing the quality of components by utilization of high quality materials and modern manufacturing techniques. The results showed the failure rate improvement for friction lining component in dry friction clutch system.
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Şeker, Ayberk. « Estimating Export Potential of India to Southeast Asian Countries ». Dans Evaluating Trade and Economic Relations Between India and Southeast Asia, 23–45. IGI Global, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-5774-7.ch002.
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It is crucial to estimate the export potential of countries in order to determine new export markets and increase their share of export markets. The chapter aims to determine the potential Southeast Asian export market for India by comparing the potential export level with the actual export from India to Southeast Asian countries. The frequency of the variables is annual and belongs to the period between 1996 and 2018. As a result of the analyses, it has been determined that Indian exports to Myanmar, Vietnam, and Singapore are slightly above its export potential, while its exports to Indonesia, Malaysia, and the Philippines are far above its export potential. In addition to this, it is determined that India has a high export potential to Brunei, Cambodia, and Thailand amongst Southeast Asian countries.
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« Estimating, Planning, and Forecasting ». Dans Sales and Distribution Management for Organizational Growth, 25–51. IGI Global, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-9981-4.ch002.
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Sales happens only where there is a potential market for the product. There are various ways of estimating the market size. One organization in India has made an estimate of the relative potential of the geographical units in the country. In addition, they have estimated the degree of media exposure of these units as well as the concentration of purchasing power of the population of those areas. The sales and marketing team can draw up their strategies based on these three indices. Similar estimates are available in many countries of the world. The sales team has to also understand the economic structures of the market and then go through the budgeting process. This budgeting process or the sales and marketing plans are very crucial to the organization as this is the blueprint for the progress of the organization. In order to ensure the smooth functioning of the organization, sales forecasting has to be done. This process ensures proper coordination of multiple functions within the organization – and ensures smooth flow of products from manufacturing to the market. The sales team has to make this forecast on the basis of their territories and the quota of sales allocated to them. Territories are formulated to ensure better administration of the field sales force and the quota system helps the sales team to work towards a goal.
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Vehovar, Vasja. « The Technological Revolution in Survey Data Collection ». Dans Encyclopedia of Multimedia Technology and Networking, Second Edition, 1373–78. IGI Global, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-60566-014-1.ch185.
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Surveys—data collection based on standardized questionnaires— started with censuses thousands of years ago. However, it was only in the 1930s, following some breakthrough developments in applied statistics, that the sample survey data collection approach was widely acknowledged. The possibility of inferring about the total population from samples of 300 or 1,000 units radically expanded the potential of survey data collection. In addition to sampling, survey data collection procedures also rely on a proper measurement instrument (i.e., a survey questionnaire) as well as effective administrative and managerial activities. Since the 1930s, opinion polling has become a major tool of democratic development (Gallup & Rae, 1968). Official statistics have recognized the enormous potential of survey data collection for the fast estimation of crops, industry outputs, unemployment, and so forth. Further, the marketing and media industries obtained a tool to effectively measure the characteristics of their target groups. The survey industry has therefore become an established activity with its own associations (e.g., ESOMAR, AAPOR), codes of conduct, publications, conferences, professional profiles, and large multinational companies generating annual revenues worth billions of dollars (e.g., A.C. Nielsen). Surveys were traditionally performed as personal interviews, over the telephone or in the form of selfadministrated questionnaires. Information-communication technology (ICT) developments introduced radical changes to the survey data collection processes, particularly because the core of this activity is manipulation with the information itself. The early implementations of ICT in survey data collection are linked to computer developments. Mass computerization started with the emerging PC in the 1980s and enabled computer-assisted survey information collection (CASIC), firstly with the introductionn of computer-assisted telephone interviewing (CATI). In the late 1980s, portable computers started to be used with face-to-face interview data collection, leading to computer-assisted personal interviewing (CAPI). When personal computers started to become the mainstream, computerized self-administered questionnaires (CSAQ) were implemented in various forms. The last crucial milestone came in the 1990s with the rise of the Internet, which enabled e-mail and Web-based types of CSAQ. This started a new stream of ICT development which is radically transforming the entire survey industry. Internet-based data collection will soon become the mainstream survey mode. Studies for 2005 projected that market research organizations worldwide would generate over a billion dollars in revenue on the basis of Internet surveys (Terhanian & Bremer, 2005). In addition, about 40% of research work in the USA in 2003-2004 was conducted on the Internet (E-consultancy, 2004).
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Nandan, Mauparna, et K. S. Sastry Musti. « Machine Learning-Based Load Forecast for Energy Markets ». Dans Operational Research for Renewable Energy and Sustainable Environments, 147–69. IGI Global, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-6684-9130-0.ch007.
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Time series-based forecasting is one of the most popular machine learning methods due to its effectiveness in estimation of future values based on observations, interpolations, and interpretations of past data. Forecasting the load in power distribution networks is an essential step in energy trading and system operation. Machine learning, specifically time series-based forecasting, can be used in the precise prediction of energy consumption in power networks. Precise predictions have the potential to reduce operating and maintenance expenses, enhance the dependability of power supply and delivery systems, and enable informed decisions for future development endeavors. This chapter employs time series analysis to forecast energy usage in 10-minute intervals specifically for the city of Tétouan in Morocco by applying gradient boosting algorithm. Past and present data trends have been presented along with various accuracy parameters such as mean absolute error (MAE), mean squared error (MSE), and root mean squared error (RMSE).
Actes de conférences sur le sujet "Market potential estimation"
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Sengar, Namrata, et Koushal Shringi. « Comparative Study of Four Transparent Hydrophobic Coatings for Water Saving Potential in Dust Cleaning Context of Solar Power Plants ». Dans 22nd ISME International Conference on Recent Advances in Mechanical Engineering for Sustainable Development, 3–12. Switzerland : Trans Tech Publications Ltd, 2025. https://doi.org/10.4028/p-bxmjm9.
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Dust deposition may reduce the yield of the PV panels from 10-50% depending upon the amount of dust deposited, particle size and nature. To prevent loss of efficiency of power plant, cleaning of PV panels is generally required in one-two weeks and in summers during dust storms cleaning frequency needs to be increased. Generally, for cleaning de-ionised water is recommended which adds to the cost and even availability of ordinary water for cleaning is a problem with water scarce regions. In the world, most of the high solar potential sites which are ideal for solar PV power plant installation lie in water scarce regions. The attractive locations for solar energy in Asia and Sub-Saharan Africa are water stressed. Therefore, it becomes important to devise methods to reduce the water consumption in cleaning of solar PV panels in solar power plants. There are studies going on several methods, one such option is use of transparent hydrophobic coatings on the solar panel surface to reduce dust deposition and water used in cleaning. The present work is a step in the direction of estimation of reduction of water consumption with the use of transparent hydrophobic coatings. The present paper discusses the characteristics of dust particles deposited on the solar power plant at University of Kota, Kota, India location and compares the water use amount in cleaning dust on five glass samples. The five samples consist of four different transparent hydrophobic coatings available in market and one is the reference uncoated glass sample. Tests have been done and reported for transparency, dust deposition and water use amount in cleaning for the five samples. On the basis of the comparative study, the amount of water saving potential is estimated for solar power plants. The challenges in use of hydrophobic coatings have been discussed and scope for future work in this field has been examined.
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Fournely, Chloe, Matej Pečjak, Boštjan Blažič et Edin Lakić. « Estimating Hosting Capacities and Flexibility Potential in Different European Low Voltage Networks ». Dans 2024 20th International Conference on the European Energy Market (EEM), 1–6. IEEE, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/eem60825.2024.10608855.
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Murro, Rocco. « SUSTAINABLE CITIES AND GREEN BUILDINGS VALUATION : THE APPLICATION OF DISCRETE CHOICE EXPERIMENTS IN PROPERTY APPRAISAL ». Dans SGEM International Multidisciplinary Scientific GeoConference, 373–80. STEF92 Technology, 2024. https://doi.org/10.5593/sgem2024v/6.2/s26.46.
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For the purpose of achieving a sustainable city, there has been a significant increase in the construction of green buildings in recent years. Since these are properties with characteristics that differ from those of ordinary buildings and, therefore, few transactions of comparable properties can be collected in the market area in which they are located, it is very difficult to apply the Revealed Preference Methods for green buildings appraisal. These cases produce the same conditions common to industrial products, where it is necessary to estimate goods that have never been traded previously or have little historical data regarding potential consumers� expectations. Usually, the techniques to use here are based on surveys and hypothetical markets, which consider a range of possible scenarios to estimate the value of goods through the preferences stated by the market operators. It may be assumed that resorting to Stated Preference Techniques in special contexts it is preferable to use alternative methods that produce reliable opinions of value. The paper proposes a property appraisal procedure that, by applying Discrete Choice Experiments, allows selecting the alternatives that are most likely to meet the market�s preference and estimating: a) the incidence of the characteristics in market price formation both for consumers and producers; b) the market share of possible alternative properties, derived from different combinations of the characteristics and the best marketability alternative; c) the hypothetical market price associated with possible alternative options. After outlining the key elements of the issue, the main methodological and operational aspects of the proposed methodology are described.
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Munene, Isaac. « Estimating On-condition Direct Maintenance Cost (DMC) ». Dans Vertical Flight Society 74th Annual Forum & Technology Display, 1–7. The Vertical Flight Society, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4050/f-0074-2018-12849.
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Aftermarket support has become a key component of cost and competitiveness in the rotorcraft industry. Both the operator and the rotorcraft manufacturer play a role in aftermarket support. Many rotorcraft original equipment manufacturers (OEMs) are offering fixed price maintenance service programs in their after-market support programs. Since product support may last well over two decades, the desire for low direct operating cost (DOC) and lower life cycle cost (LCC) has become a more visible consideration in the rotorcraft design phase. Direct maintenance cost (DMC), forms a significant part of the DOC and LCC. A subset of DMC, On-condition maintenance cost is a category with unspecified maintenance intervals and presents one of the more challenging estimating efforts, particularly on a new rotorcraft program with no history. The approach used for estimating maintenance costs can strongly influence decision making within the OEM while also educating the customer on better maintenance philosophy and planning. Incorrectly minimizing or excluding the effect of on-condition cost (within the DMC estimate) could have a profound impact on operator and service organizations of the OEM. This paper presents a high-level discussion on the potential refinements that can be made to the Helicopter Association International’s Economic Committee’s Guide for the Presentation of Helicopter Operating Cost Estimates 2010. Estimating the on-condition direct maintenance cost for airframe manufacturers is the focus of the discussion.
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Mutule, Anna, Diana Zalostiba et Ansis Kalnacs. « A Tool for Economic Potential Estimation of Hydrokinetic Technology ». Dans 2019 16th International Conference on the European Energy Market (EEM). IEEE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/eem.2019.8916282.
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Dauti, Kujtim, et Gasper Artac. « Model for estimation of the potential flexibility of objects ». Dans 2019 16th International Conference on the European Energy Market (EEM). IEEE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/eem.2019.8916418.
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Villavicencio, J., A. Padilha-Feltrin et J. D. Melo. « Spatial-Temporal Estimation of the PV Market Potential in Subareas ». Dans 2019 IEEE Milan PowerTech. IEEE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ptc.2019.8810691.
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Marentič, Tim, Igor Mendek, Anton Kos, Matej Malenšek, Hugo Morais et Matej Zajc. « Estimation of electric vehicles with V2G capabilities potential for market participation ». Dans 2024 IEEE 22nd Mediterranean Electrotechnical Conference (MELECON). IEEE, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/melecon56669.2024.10608699.
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Liebhardt, Bernd, Volker Gollnick et Klaus Luetjens. « Estimation of the Market Potential for Supersonic Airliners via Analysis of the Global Premium Ticket Market ». Dans 11th AIAA Aviation Technology, Integration, and Operations (ATIO) Conference. Reston, Virigina : American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.2514/6.2011-6806.
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Hegazy, A. M. « Unlocking Potential of Condensate-Rich Tight Gas Fields : Integrating Rate Transient Analysis and Flowing Material Balance for Enhanced Production Forecasting and Accurate Reserves Estimation ». Dans SPE Conference at Oman Petroleum & Energy Show. SPE, 2025. https://doi.org/10.2118/225006-ms.
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Abstract The primary aim of this paper is to assess the effectiveness of utilizing advanced integrated production data analysis techniques for condensate-rich tight gas fields. The goal is to reduce uncertainties related to estimating hydrocarbon in-place, enhance production forecasting accuracy, and improve reserves estimation. This analysis solely relies on wells production data and flowing pressures, using the Rate Transient Analysis (RTA) and flowing Material Balance (FMB) techniques, compared to numerical simulation results. The main analysis in this paper depends only on production data and flowing pressures from 42 wells of the field under study, which have more than two decades of production history, without the need to shut-in the wells. The classic Arps rate Decline Curve Analysis (DCA) method has been successful in forecasting production for mature gas fields, assuming constant well behavior and pressure, especially for No Further Activity (NFA) cases. Due to limitations of DCA, RTA and FMB have been applied on this tight gas field for Production Forecasting, reserve estimation, well diagnostic, and production performance evaluations. The main results from RTA and FMB have been compared with DCA and simulation model results. Traditional methods for estimating reserves include the Material Balance Equation, Volumetric Methods, and Numerical Simulation Models. The Material Balance Equation and numerical simulation models rely on dynamic data analysis and historical production data and reservoir pressure measurements from well testing. However, due to market constraints, oil companies often need to outline a preliminary development plan within the first year, when data is limited. A comprehensive literature review for all available methods of production data analysis has been also summarized in this paper. The effect of length of production history on RTA results has been checked, showing a considerable effect on whole results. Also, permeability and skin factor of Pressure Transient Analysis (PTA) have been compared with RTA, showing the effect of volume and resolution of data on results. The field estimated pore volume, gas initially in place, gas in place, and predicted ultimate recovery have been compared among the different tools used in the analysis, showing that the RTA results have the closest values to the numerical simulation.
Rapports d'organisations sur le sujet "Market potential estimation"
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Montoya, Silvia, et Guillermo Mondino. The Effects of Labor Market Regulations on Employment Decisions by Firms : Empirical Evidence for Argentina. Inter-American Development Bank, mai 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0011240.
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There are few Latin American countries that produced such a remarkable turnaround in policies and outcomes as Argentina did in the 1990s. The large number of reforms yielded surprisingly strong growth and the near-disappearance of inflation. Perhaps the most striking change took place in the labor market, where job creation and destruction reigned in earnest. There, where reforms were moderate, high open unemployment was the result. This paper looks at the potential effect regulations might have on labor demand dynamics. In particular, we try to ascertain how movements in labor costs influence firms' decisions regarding job creation. The paper first presents descriptive evidence on who benefits from regulations and how much they cost. The evidence is based on PHS Microdata and identifies the effects on individuals' labor market outcomes stemming from varying regulations. The paper then turns to labor demand estimation.
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Goldman, Charles, Nicole Hopper, Ranjit Bharvirkar, Bernie Neenan et Peter Cappers. Estimating Demand Response Market Potential Among Large Commercialand Industrial Customers:A Scoping Study. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), janvier 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/901520.
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Gordon, Robert. A New Method of Estimating Potential Real GDP Growth : Implications for the Labor Market and the Debt/GDP Ratio. Cambridge, MA : National Bureau of Economic Research, août 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w20423.
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Sanchez-Jabba, Andres, Erick Villabon-Hinestroza et Bernardo Romero-Torres. Inflation Expectations Measurement and its Effect on Inflation Dynamics in Colombia. Banco de la República, décembre 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.32468/be.1257.
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Accurate measurement of inflation expectations is crucial due to its significant impact on inflation dynamics and the potential for biased estimates when using different measurement methods. The main objective of this study is to determine whether the effect of inflation expectations on inflation dynamics in Colombia depends on the measurement method employed. We achieve this by estimating New-Keynesian Phillips Curves using various measurement methods for inflation expectations employing data from financial markets, economic surveys, and macroeconomic models. Our analysis focuses on any differences in the statistical significance and magnitude of the effects of inflation expectations on inflation dynamics using different measurement methods. Our results reveal that while all measures of inflation expectations have a statistically significant effect, the magnitude of the effect varies depending on the measurement method employed. Specifically, market-based expectations have a more substantial effect on inflation dynamics compared to survey-based and model-based expectations.
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Herbert, George, et Lucas Loudon. The Size and Growth Potential of the Digital Economy in ODA-eligible Countries. Institute of Development Studies (IDS), décembre 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/k4d.2021.016.
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This rapid review synthesises evidence on the current size of the digital market, the countries promoting development of digital business and their approach through Trade Policies or Incentive Frameworks, and the current and potential size of the market with the UK / China / US / other significant countries. It draws on a variety of sources, including reports by international organisations (such as the World Bank and OECD), grey literature produced by think tanks and the private sector, and peer reviewed academic papers. A high proportion of estimates of the size of the digital economy come from research conducted by or for corporations and industry bodies, such as Google and the GSMA (which represents the telecommunications industry). Their research may be influenced by their business interests, the methodologies and data sources they utilise are often opaque, and the information required to critically assess findings is sometimes missing. Given this, the estimates presented in this review are best seen as ballpark figures rather than precise measurements. A limitation of this rapid evidence review stems from the lack of consistent methodologies for estimating the size of the digital economy. The OECD is attempting to develop a standard approach to measuring the digital economy across the national accounts of the G20, but this has not yet been finalised. This makes comparing the results of different studies very challenging. The problem is particularly stark in low income countries, where there are frequently huge gaps in the relevant data.
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Carlsson, Magnus, Stefan Eriksson et Dan-Olof Rooth. Language Proficiency and Hiring of Immigrants : Evidence from a New Field Experimental Approach. Linnaeus University, School of Business and Economics, Department of Economics and Statistics., avril 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.15626/ns.wp.2023.1.
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Labor markets in advanced economies have undergone substantial change in recentdecades due to globalization, technological improvements, and organizational changes. Due tothese developments, oral and written language skills have become increasingly important evenin less skilled jobs. Immigrants – who often have limited skills in the host country languageupon arrival – are likely to be particularly affected by the increase in language requirements.Despite this increase in literacy requirements, little is known about how immigrants’ languageproficiency is rewarded in the labor market. However, estimating the causal effect ofimmigrants’ language skills on hiring is challenging due to potential biases caused by omittedvariables, reverse causality, and measurement error.To address identification problems, we conduct a large-scale field experiment, where wesend thousands of fictitious resumes to employers with a job opening. With the help of aprofessional linguist, we manipulate the cover letters by introducing common second-languagefeatures, which makes the resumes reflect variation in the language skills of real-worldmigrants. Our findings show that better language proficiency in the cover letter has a strongpositive effect on the callback rate for a job interview: moving from the lowest level of languageproficiency to a level similar to natives almost doubles the callback rate. Consistent with therecent development that language proficiency is also important for many low- and mediumskilledjobs, the effect of better language skills does not vary across the vastly different typesof occupations we study. Finally, the results from employer surveys suggest that it is improvedlanguage skills per se that is the dominant explanation behind the language proficiency effect,rather than language skills acting as a proxy for other unobserved abilities or characteristics.
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Ruprah, Inder J., et Jeetendra Khadan. Diversification in Trinidad and Tobago : Waiting for Godot ? Inter-American Development Bank, octobre 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0008458.
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Economic diversification is an incessant theme threading policy discussion in Trinidad and Tobago, although with an ebb and flow over time. This topic is once again at the forefront of policy discussions following the recent oil price decline and subsequent to the new administration that took office in September 2015. This policy brief discusses the potential role that the exchange rate plays in diversification, fiscal adjustment and economic growth. In doing so we use a new estimation of the real effective exchange rate that better captures competitiveness of the country's non-oil exports. The evidence assembled in this policy brief suggests that the exchange rate could have an important role in fiscal adjustment, economic growth, and diversification. We find that a major change in the exchange rate would reduce the size of the fiscal adjustment in the short term. It would boost diversification of non-energyexport products and their markets over the medium term, hence spur economic growth and employment. Presumably, there are perceived short-term downsides. These include (i) an inflationary effect which implies reduced household real income and hence a possible increase in poverty, and (ii), increased cost of imported material used as inputs in production, which compounded by microeconomic level balance sheet effects that arise in the presence of liability dollarisation that also leads to negative impacts of real exchange rate devaluations on firms' performance.
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Finkelstain, Israel, Steven Buccola et Ziv Bar-Shira. Pooling and Pricing Schemes for Marketing Agricultural Products. United States Department of Agriculture, août 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/1993.7568099.bard.
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In recent years there has been a growing concern over the performance of Israel and U.S. agricultural marketing organizations. In Israel, poor performance of some marketing institutions has led to radical reforms. Examples are the two leading export industries - citrus and flowers. In the U.S., growth of local market power is eliminating competitive row product prices which served as the basis for farmer cooperative payment plans. This research studies, theoretically, several aspects of the above problem and develops empirical methods to assess their relative importance. The theoretical part deals with two related aspects of the operation of processing and marketing firms. The first is the technological structure of these firms. To this end, we formalize a detailed theory that describes the production process itself and the firm's decision. The model accounts for multiple products and product characteristics. The usefulness of the theory for measurement of productivity and pricing of raw material is demonstrated. The second aspect of the processing and marketing firm that we study is unique to the agricultural sector, where many such firms are cooperatives. In such cooperative an efficient and fair mechanism for purchasing raw materials from members is crucial to successful performances of the firm. We focus on: 1) pricing of raw materials. 2) comparison of employment of quota and price regimes by the cooperative to regulate the quantities, supplied by members. We take into consideration that the cooperative management is subject to pressure from member farmers. 3) Tier pricing for raw materials in order to ensure efficiency and zero profits at the cooperative level. This problem is examined in both closed and open cooperatives. The empirical part focuses in: 1) the development of methodologies for estimating demand for differentiated products; 2) assessing farmers response to component pricing; 3) measurement of potential and actual exploitation of market power by an agricultural marketing firm. The usefulness of the developed methodologies are demonstrated by several application to agricultural sub-sectors, including: U.S. dairy industry, Oregon wine industry, Israeli Cotton industry and Israeli Citrus industry.
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Lers, Amnon, Majid R. Foolad et Haya Friedman. genetic basis for postharvest chilling tolerance in tomato fruit. United States Department of Agriculture, janvier 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2014.7600014.bard.
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ABSTRACT Postharvest losses of fresh produce are estimated globally to be around 30%. Reducing these losses is considered a major solution to ensure global food security. Storage at low temperatures is an efficient practice to prolong postharvest performance of crops with minimal negative impact on produce quality or human health and the environment. However, many fresh produce commodities are susceptible to chilling temperatures, and the application of cold storage is limited as it would cause physiological chilling injury (CI) leading to reduced produce quality. Further, the primary CI becomes a preferred site for pathogens leading to decay and massive produce losses. Thus, chilling sensitive crops should be stored at higher minimal temperatures, which curtails their marketing life and in some cases necessitates the use of other storage strategies. Development of new knowledge about the biological basis for chilling tolerance in fruits and vegetables should allow development of both new varieties more tolerant to cold, and more efficient postharvest storage treatments and storage conditions. In order to improve the agricultural performance of modern crop varieties, including tomato, there is great potential in introgression of marker-defined genomic regions from wild species onto the background of elite breeding lines. To exploit this potential for improving tomato fruit chilling tolerance during postharvest storage, we have used in this research a recombinant inbred line (RIL) population derived from a cross between the red-fruited tomato wild species SolanumpimpinellifoliumL. accession LA2093 and an advanced Solanum lycopersicumL. tomato breeding line NCEBR-1, developed in the laboratory of the US co-PI. The original specific objectives were: 1) Screening of RIL population resulting from the cross NCEBR1 X LA2093 for fruit chilling response during postharvest storage and estimation of its heritability; 2) Perform a transcriptopmic and bioinformatics analysis for the two parental lines following exposure to chilling storage. During the course of the project, we learned that we could measure greater differences in chilling responses among specific RILs compared to that observed between the two parental lines, and thus we decided not to perform transcriptomic analysis and instead invest our efforts more on characterization of the RILs. Performing the transcriptomic analysis for several RILs, which significantly differ in their chilling tolerance/sensitivity, at a later stage could result with more significant insights. The RIL population, (172 lines), was used in field experiment in which fruits were examined for chilling sensitivity by determining CI severity. Following the field experiments, including 4 harvest days and CI measurements, two extreme tails of the response distribution, each consisting of 11 RILs exhibiting either high sensitivity or tolerance to chilling stress, were identified and were further examined for chilling response in greenhouse experiments. Across the RILs, we found significant (P < 0.01) correlation between field and greenhouse grown plants in fruit CI. Two groups of 5 RILs, whose fruits exhibited reproducible chilling tolerant/sensitive phenotypes in both field and greenhouse experiments, were selected for further analyses. Numerous genetic, physiological, biochemical and molecular variations were investigated in response to postharvest chilling stress in the selected RILs. We confirmed the differential response of the parental lines of the RIL population to chilling stress, and examined the extent of variation in the RIL population in response to chilling treatment. We determined parameters which would be useful for further characterization of chilling response in the RIL population. These included chlorophyll fluorescence Fv/Fm, water loss, total non-enzymatic potential of antioxidant activity, ascorbate and proline content, and expression of LeCBF1 gene, known to be associated with cold acclimation. These parameters could be used in continuation studies for the identification and genetic mapping of loci contributing to chilling tolerance in this population, and identifying genetic markers associated with chilling tolerance in tomato. Once genetic markers associated with chilling tolerance are identified, the trait could be transferred to different genetic background via marker-assisted selection (MAS) and breeding. The collaborative research established in this program has resulted in new information and insights in this area of research and the collaboration will be continued to obtain further insights into the genetic, molecular biology and physiology of postharvest chilling tolerance in tomato fruit. The US Co-PI, developed the RIL population that was used for screening and measurement of the relevant chilling stress responses and conducted statistical analyses of the data. Because we were not able to grow the RIL population under field conditions in two successive generations, we could not estimate heritability of response to chilling temperatures. However, we plan to continue the research, grow the RIL progeny in the field again, and determine heritability of chilling tolerance in a near future. The IS and US investigators interacted regularly and plan to continue and expand on this study, since combing the expertise of the Co-PI in genetics and breeding with that of the PI in postharvest physiology and molecular biology will have great impact on this line of research, given the significant findings of this one-year feasibility project.
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Gur, Amit, Edward Buckler, Joseph Burger, Yaakov Tadmor et Iftach Klapp. Characterization of genetic variation and yield heterosis in Cucumis melo. United States Department of Agriculture, janvier 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2016.7600047.bard.
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Project objectives: 1) Characterization of variation for yield heterosis in melon using Half-Diallele (HDA) design. 2) Development and implementation of image-based yield phenotyping in melon. 3) Characterization of genetic, epigenetic and transcriptional variation across 25 founder lines and selected hybrids. The epigentic part of this objective was modified during the course of the project: instead of characterization of chromatin structure in a single melon line through genome-wide mapping of nucleosomes using MNase-seq approach, we took advantage of rapid advancements in single-molecule sequencing and shifted the focus to Nanoporelong-read sequencing of all 25 founder lines. This analysis provides invaluable information on genome-wide structural variation across our diversity 4) Integrated analyses and development of prediction models Agricultural heterosis relates to hybrids that outperform their inbred parents for yield. First generation (F1) hybrids are produced in many crop species and it is estimated that heterosis increases yield by 15-30% globally. Melon (Cucumismelo) is an economically important species of The Cucurbitaceae family and is among the most important fleshy fruits for fresh consumption Worldwide. The major goal of this project was to explore the patterns and magnitude of yield heterosis in melon and link it to whole genome sequence variation. A core subset of 25 diverse lines was selected from the Newe-Yaar melon diversity panel for whole-genome re-sequencing (WGS) and test-crosses, to produce structured half-diallele design of 300 F1 hybrids (MelHDA25). Yield variation was measured in replicated yield trials at the whole-plant and at the rootstock levels (through a common-scion grafted experiments), across the F1s and parental lines. As part of this project we also developed an algorithmic pipeline for detection and yield estimation of melons from aerial-images, towards future implementation of such high throughput, cost-effective method for remote yield evaluation in open-field melons. We found extensive, highly heritable root-derived yield variation across the diallele population that was characterized by prominent best-parent heterosis (BPH), where hybrids rootstocks outperformed their parents by 38% and 56 % under optimal irrigation and drought- stress, respectively. Through integration of the genotypic data (~4,000,000 SNPs) and yield analyses we show that root-derived hybrids yield is independent of parental genetic distance. However, we mapped novel root-derived yield QTLs through genome-wide association (GWA) analysis and a multi-QTLs model explained more than 45% of the hybrids yield variation, providing a potential route for marker-assisted hybrid rootstock breeding. Four selected hybrid rootstocks are further studied under multiple scion varieties and their validated positive effect on yield performance is now leading to ongoing evaluation of their commercial potential. On the genomic level, this project resulted in 3 layers of data: 1) whole-genome short-read Illumina sequencing (30X) of the 25 founder lines provided us with 25 genome alignments and high-density melon HapMap that is already shown to be an effective resource for QTL annotation and candidate gene analysis in melon. 2) fast advancements in long-read single-molecule sequencing allowed us to shift focus towards this technology and generate ~50X Nanoporesequencing of the 25 founders which in combination with the short-read data now enable de novo assembly of the 25 genomes that will soon lead to construction of the first melon pan-genome. 3) Transcriptomic (3' RNA-Seq) analysis of several selected hybrids and their parents provide preliminary information on differentially expressed genes that can be further used to explain the root-derived yield variation. Taken together, this project expanded our view on yield heterosis in melon with novel specific insights on root-derived yield heterosis. To our knowledge, thus far this is the largest systematic genetic analysis of rootstock effects on yield heterosis in cucurbits or any other crop plant, and our results are now translated into potential breeding applications. The genomic resources that were developed as part of this project are putting melon in the forefront of genomic research and will continue to be useful tool for the cucurbits community in years to come.