Thèses sur le sujet « Mathématiques – Étude et enseignement – Éducation spéciale »
Créez une référence correcte selon les styles APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard et plusieurs autres
Consultez les 50 meilleures thèses pour votre recherche sur le sujet « Mathématiques – Étude et enseignement – Éducation spéciale ».
À côté de chaque source dans la liste de références il y a un bouton « Ajouter à la bibliographie ». Cliquez sur ce bouton, et nous générerons automatiquement la référence bibliographique pour la source choisie selon votre style de citation préféré : APA, MLA, Harvard, Vancouver, Chicago, etc.
Vous pouvez aussi télécharger le texte intégral de la publication scolaire au format pdf et consulter son résumé en ligne lorsque ces informations sont inclues dans les métadonnées.
Parcourez les thèses sur diverses disciplines et organisez correctement votre bibliographie.
Dupré, Frédéric. « Pratiques inclusives en mathématiques dans le second degré : études de cas en ULIS collège ». Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019AIXM0369.
Texte intégralIn France, localized units for inclusive education (ULIS) within the college have experienced a strong development since the law of February 11, 2005. These devices allow students recognized institutionally disabled to have a schooling in an ordinary class while benefiting from a support device. These students benefit from a shared schedule that leads them to attend various didactic systems, whether in the regular classroom or in the context of the specialized group. Our research work focuses on observing inclusive mathematical practices in these ULIS devices. In particular, we seek to find out what are the favorable conditions for the specialized grouping (auxiliary didactic system) to play a role in assisting the study with regard to the ordinary class (main didactic system). To study the question of articulations between different didactic systems we place ourselves in a double theoretical framework. The comparative approach in didactics combined with tools from mathematical didactics allows us to compare different didactic systems from the analysis of the time frames produced by these systems. This work, based on four case studies carried out in four different colleges, shows that if the articulation between the class and the specialized group is an object thought by a majority of the actors met, the assistance to the study of auxiliary didactic system vis-à-vis the main didactic system is possible when certain conditions are met, but it is not systematic
Gers, Jean-Noël. « Mathématiques de proximité en formation d'adultes ». Lille 1, 2004. https://ori-nuxeo.univ-lille1.fr/nuxeo/site/esupversions/1afeac52-2140-47c3-92a3-fbb7856180d4.
Texte intégralBaraké, Farah. « Autour des conceptions du hasard et des probabilités élémentaires chez les jeunes déficients intellectuels légers ». Paris 5, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA05H032.
Texte intégralOur research lies within two different fields: the first is the field of research on chance conceptions for children and young teenagers, and the second is the field of research on cognitive development of people with mild mental deficiency. It is known that the acquisitions in the conceptual field of random phenomena present many difficulties even for normal individuals. We can therefore wonder how it will be for people with mental handicap. We built our experiment based on the knowledge developed by the cognitive psychologists and on the research done on probability teaching. We studied the effect of an adapted teaching that we designed ourselves, on 28 mildly mentally handicapped youngsters, from 12 to 20 years of age. We explored in the first phase the students’ pre-existent knowledge of chance and probabilities through two series of individual interviews in which we asked them various questions in the form of a game. The second phase of our research consisted of three group teaching sessions which aimed to introduce a probabilistic approach to chance. In the third and last phase we tested the possible acquisitions that our students might have acquired. Although they are considered as having almost the same academic level and mental handicap level, the performances we observed vary a lot. Our results show that the mentally handicapped students have major difficulties when it comes to questions related to chance and probabilities. Nevertheless, they show that they are capable of learning in the field of chance and basic probabilities, as they have made big progress in the time between the first and the last phase of our study
Pettier, Jean-Charles. « La philosophie en éducation adaptée : utopie ou nécessité ? » Université Marc Bloch (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000STR20032.
Texte intégralAbboud-Blanchard, Maha. « L'intégration de l'outil informatique à l'enseignement secondaire des mathématiques : symptômes d'un malaise : Un exemple : l'enseignement de la symétrie orthogonale au collège ». Paris 7, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA077198.
Texte intégralBarrera, Curin Raquel Isabel. « Etudes des significations de la multiplication pour différents ensembles de nombres dans un contexte de géométrisation ». Paris 7, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA070048.
Texte intégralOur study began with the notion that multiplication is a complex mathematical object, in both its epistemological and cognitive dimensions. The fact that geometric representations can make a mathematical object's meanings more obvious led us to structure our research around the geometrization of multiplication for different sets of numbers. To study the relationship between this complex mathematical object -- multiplication -- and the construction of meaning by students we designed experimental lessons that were put in place in French high school and junior high school classrooms. This experimental study allowed us to closely analyze students' understanding of the topic, or, on the other hand, the obstacles they encountered in a mathematics assignment requiring frame changes and changes in registers of semiotic representation. Our experimental data were analyzed using a combination of several theoretical approaches. The notion of the Mathematical Work Space and its geneses allows us to account for the complexity of students' mathematical work. In order to study collaborative work between students, as well as the teacher's role in this process of cultural mediation, we also applied theories of semiotic mediation and the social construction of knowledge. Our resulting theoretical framework allows us to give a detailed description of the relationships between the epistemological and cognitive levels of the MWS. We conclude with the identification and analysis of individual students' chosen paths, resulting from interactions within a Mathematical Work Space
Haspekian, Mariam. « Intégration d'outils informatiques dans l'enseignement des mathématiques : étude du cas des tableurs ». Paris 7, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PA070021.
Texte intégralAlthough the official programs of mathematics recommend the use of the spreadsheet since the junior high school and although the resources intended to help the teachers multiply, the integration of this tool remains very marginal in France today. To understand the difficulties which arise, we focus on the domain of the transition arithmetic-algebra where the spreadsheet is identified by the didactic researches as particularly useful for mathematical learning. The instrumental approach which we adopt allows to study the theoretical potentialities of the spreadsheet in connection with the learning of the algebra, and to question the research works in this domain, notably by showing the weak part they make for the crucial questions of instrumental genesis and management of these geneses by the teachers and the school institution. These theoretical analyses are then used to build an exploratory engineering in class of 5th, to analyze resources proposed on the site of the Ministry of Education, and finally to compare the conceptions of trainees teachers to those of teachers expert in using and teaching lCT. The obtained results widen our didactic knowledge of the questions of technological integration, beyond even the particular technology studied in the thesis. They offer perspectives from the point of view of the educational resources, of the training of the teachers, and of the tools themselves notably by introducing the notion of instrumental distance. It remains to know, and we gave some elements, how to measure this distance. .
Chaussecourte, Philippe. « Observations cliniques en sciences de l'éducation : microanalyses et observations directes de pratiques d'enseignant(e)s de mathématiques ». Paris 10, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PA100088.
Texte intégralAssuming the existence of subconscious phenomena, in the Freudian sense, this work examines various concepts of the subconscious. Clinical approaches in the human sciences are then put in perspective. Furthermore, a clinical approach of psychoanalytical inspiration in educational sciences is specified. The methodology of observation in the human sciences is set out. An examination is then made of the place given to observation in the Open Network of teaching practices network. In addition, a clinical observation of psychoanalytical inspiration is defined. Then comes a microanalysis of teacher-pupil interaction in mathematics in the French fifth form (second year of secondary) and CM] (fourth year of primary). An account is also given of the direct observation of a fifth-form mathematics teacher throughout a school year. Thirty observations were conducted in accordance with a method originally proposed by Esther Bick. In conclusion, an arrangement of the scheme is envisaged for the training of teacher trainers
Chappet, Monique. « Pratiques de enseignants de Mathématiques : analyses des discours accompagnant la résolution d'exercices au collège ». Paris 7, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002PA070032.
Texte intégralThis doctoral thesis presents a series of observations made during problem solving exercises sessions, in secondary school, mathematics classes, with six different teachers. Its focus is more precisely the accompaniment of the students by the teachers, between the requested tasks and the actual work of the students. The analysis is based on the transcripts of the tape recordings of all the sessions. It deals with the actual course of events during the sessions. The dissertation approach is twofold. On the one hand, it relies on the results provided by didactics in order to analyse in details the tasks proposed by the teachers as well as the pattern of organised work. On the other hand, it addresses students/teachers interactions, and more specifically it focuses on the teachers' speech. .
Leclère, Jean-Pierre. « Faire faire des mathématiques a un public en situation d'illéttrisme : le contraire d'une utopie. Le modèle additif : élément de base d'une formation en mathématiques pour un public de niveau VI et V bis ». Lille 1, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000LIL12011.
Texte intégralGenestoux, Florence. « Fonctionnement didactique du milieu culturel et familial dans la régulation des apprentissages scolaires en mathématiques ». Bordeaux 1, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000BOR10562.
Texte intégralVantourout, Marc. « Etude de l'activité et des compétences de professeurs des écoles et de professeurs de mathématiques dans des situations "simulées" d'évaluation à visée formative en mathématiques ». Paris 5, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA05H037.
Texte intégralWe situate this research within the general framework of reflexions on the professionality of teachers In this research, we study the activity of eighteen pre-service elementary and middle school mathematics teachers, all at the end of their formation at the IUFM (Institut Universitaire de Formation des Maîtres) during their formative assessment of pupil's work in mathematics This work is carried out according to a double didactic orientation : didactic of mathematics and professional didactic. Our approach is comparative and descriptive. The device of research, organised around a "simulator", allows sparing identical "experimental" conditions for all teachers. We presented to the pre-service teachers, during three sessions, the results as well as the unfolding of the work o two "fictious" binomials of pupils of grade 5, (CM 2) for the elementary teachers (Professeurs des écoles), and of grade 6 for the middle school teachers (Professeurs de lycée et de Collège de mathématiques) solving proportionality problems using charts. The study of these teacher's activities enable us, on the one hand, to analyze the totality of the evaluative judgements expressed by each one of them, and, on the other hand, to reach professional competences and the evaluation processes which originate them. The study of competences mainly consists in inventoring knwoledge and proposing a categorization of it comprising three poles : "disciplinary", "evaluation" and "professional". The comparison of the study of knowledge and that of the evaluation process enables us to better understand the activity of the appraisers. We reach then their steps, their expectations and the finalities which they allot to this evaluation. This work shows first of all that the expression of two evaluative judgements, seemingly identical, can rely on a diversity of knowledge and processes. It then clarifies the essential role that disciplinary knowledge plays during formative evaluation in mathematics. In addition, the possibility of comparing, for similar work, the activity of evaluation of elementary teachers (grades 1 to 5) and middle-school (grades 6 to 9) constitutes a particular approach of the transition "elementary school - middle school"
Veyrunes, Philippe. « Les configurations d'activité : un niveau de description de l'articulation de l'activité de l'enseignant et des élèves : étude située en mathématiques et en français à l'école primaire ». Montpellier 3, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004MON30047.
Texte intégralThis research analyzes the articulation between teacher's and students' action in a configuration of activity. Data of observation, recording and self-confrontation interviews were collected and analyzed in reference with the course-of-action theory. Configurations of activity allow actualization of teacher's and students' concerns and establishing of a balance in the classroom. They bring together a set of components which allow the articulation between teacher's and students' concerns and actions. They are delimited in time and space and fits in actors' professional or school culture. Learning is a double process, individual, of effective action's validation and generalization, and collective, of validation of actions admitted in the community. These configurations of activity seems viable for actors in spite of their relative effectiveness
Hahn, Corinne. « La relation mathématiques/réalité dans un enseignement en alternance : le cas du pourcentage dans une formation à la vente ». Paris 7, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995PA070068.
Texte intégralLavigne, Gérard. « Langues et mathématiques à l’école dans les cultures océaniennes : étude exploratoire d’une pédagogie interculturelle en Nouvelle-Calédonie : approches anthropologiques et ethnomathématique ». Nouvelle Calédonie, 2012. http://portail-documentaire.univ-nc.nc/files/public/bu/theses_unc/TheseGerardLavigne2012_Tome1.pdf.
Texte intégralThépaut, Antoine. « Echec scolaire et éducation physique et sportive à l'école élémentaire : étude des interactions maître-élèves dans la construction des savoirs : l'exemple de l'apprentissage de la passe en basket-ball ». Rennes 2, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002REN20025.
Texte intégralOur first assumption was that pupils fail because of the lessons that are given to them and that they do not understand. Then, inspired by Brousseau's theory of didactic situations (1986)we tried and examined what obstructed the teaching and the learning of physical education in the elementary school. This research concerns the observations of the usual kind of teaching. We have studied how the pass was taught in basket-ball which is a frequent object of survey. The analysis of the information necessary to the accomplishment of the action shows that the player has to face on obstacle. More precisely the non-ball holding players has to solve a problem of spatial computation between the position of the ball holder and the field goal. According to us, the teachers do not let the pupils face that obstacle. Dysfunctions appear in the teaching process. The study of these dysfunctions during four learning sequences consisting in throwing the ball to the captain, should enable us to bring to light certain principles which govern the interactions between the master and the pupils when transmitting these informations. It emphasises that the difficulties of the pupils to fulfil what they are asked for come from different apprehensions of the situation that is presented to them and from a non identification of the subjacent principle of the pass
Ngono, Bernadette. « Étude des pratiques des professeurs des écoles enseignant les mathématiques en ZEP : effets éventuels de ces pratiques sur les apprentissages ». Paris 7, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PA070053.
Texte intégralThe purpose of this study is to establish a link between the practices of the teachers in an EPA primary school, and the potential learning features of their pupils in mathematics. The analysis of the practices unfolds into five components (cognitive, mediative, institutional, personal, and social). Collecting data was carried out in two stages: first a participative observation of the teachers in the context of a "projet de cycle" (cycle project) consisting in game workshops; then a mildly participative observation of a class everyday schedule, both complemented by interviews with the teachers in the context of a tutorial training. This dissertation lays bare the minimal learning capacity of the cognitive path considered for the pupils in mathematics through the tasks given, the types of exercises, and the interactions during extraordinary sessions (mathematical games) followed by ordinary sessions (Euclidian division). The analysis of the interactions and of the oral and written practices help to validate this result. The study of the process and effects of tutorial puts those practices back into their context and helps to understand how they are organized and consolidated. This body of studies and analyses is a contribution to the collective results of the research team, which the author belongs to, whose purpose is both to interpret the practices of teachers as coherent systems of sometimes contradictory responses to numerous constraints and to classify them in three groups. This dissertation shows that the difficult coming to terms with some contradictions between various logics is reinforced by the mental constructions of the teachers observed, and might well explain some of the choices made, that are potentially reductive of the chances for many children to learn and of the insertion of their practices into the mainstream practices at school
Mattiussi, Claude. « Étude du recours informatique dans l'enseignement des mathématiques au collège ». Phd thesis, Université Toulouse le Mirail - Toulouse II, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01010959.
Texte intégralEl, Mouhayar Rabih. « Etude des pratiques d'enseignement des mathématiques au niveau de l'école moyenne (11-15) dans le cas de l'algèbre en France et au Liban ». Lyon 2, 2007. http://theses.univ-lyon2.fr/documents/lyon2/2007/el-mouhayar_r.
Texte intégralOur study concerns the characterization of professional practices of mathematics teachers during the phases of correction related to algebraic expressions at grade 7 in Lebanon and grade 8 in France. Our research focused on the way teachers organize these correction phases, concerning both mathematics knowledge and interactions with students. We also looked for regularities of a teacher practice. We studied official curricula and mathematics textbooks related to the intermediate classes. We elaborated and analyzed two questionnaires : the first one is for the students and concerns the terms used for calculating algebraic expressions and their validation procedures. The second one is for the teachers and concerns terms used and the analysis of students mistakes. We also videotaped two classes in each country during the whole sequence "algebraic expressions". Our theoretical framework includes the anthropological theory of didactics (Chevallard, 1999). We studied the types of tasks "develop, reduce algebraic expressions", in relation with the actual techniques in France and in Lebanon. We showed that the teachers put forward very few theoretical elements enabling to justify techniques. Students are thus not prepared to implement sufficient control procedures. We showed some regularities in practices for each of the four professors both in their organization of the knowledge to be taught during the whole sequence and the management of validity of answers and students interactions
Mariotti, Françoise. « Etudes expérimentales des représentations sociales de la science et des métiers scientifiques selon le sexe au collège et au lycée ». Paris 8, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000PA081804.
Texte intégralDespite numerous government incentives, girls do not specialize in science subjects as much as boys. As access to scientific knowledge has historically been differentiated according to sex, we put forward the hypothesis that girls do not have the same sociol representations of science and scientific professions as boys. We compared these representations for the two sexes in three age groops of secondary school pupils : first ant third year pupils in college and final year pupils in lycée specializing either in science or arts subjects. Our theoretical frame of reference is that of social representations, studied from a structural perspective wich distinguishes central and peripheral elements. The methods used (word associations and the model of Basic Cognitive Schemes) aim to identify this double system of elements. The results. .
Guilmois, Céline. « Efficacité de l'enseignement socioconstructiviste et de l'enseignement explicite en éducation prioritaire : Quelle alternative pour apprendre les mathématiques ? » Thesis, Antilles, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019ANTI0398/document.
Texte intégralInternational surveys show that in France, students from disadvantaged social backgrounds are much less likely to succeed at school than others students. However, evidence from studies on the effectiveness of teaching methods shows that the socioconstructivist pedagogies mainly used in the French classrooms do not give the best results. On the contrary, explicit teaching is particularly effective for students with learning difficulties. The work carried out in this present thesis aims to compare the effectiveness of explicit teaching and socioconstructivist teaching with students enrolled in priority education networks, in mathematics. This research is carried out in France (Martinique), in elementary school classes of schools from the priority education networks, where overall students’ performance is low in mathematics. The hypothesis tested is the following: when a teacher teaches a specific mathematical notion, students' results are better if he or she uses explicit instruction rather than socioconstructivist or usual instruction. This prediction is being tested in three studies that respectively focus on learning the partitioning technique of subtraction in second grade class, on learning the technique of the division in fourth grade class and on learning the concept of area in fifth grade class. The results show that all students do progress. But, the students in classes that have received explicit instruction outperform students in classes that have received socioconstructivist or usual instruction. Finally, the results indicate that explicit instruction is generally more effective for underachieving students or in difficulty
Jarlégan, Annette. « La fabrication des différences : sexe et mathematiques à l'école élémentaire ». Dijon, 1999. https://nuxeo.u-bourgogne.fr/nuxeo/site/esupversions/fc2869fe-f84d-4b59-9630-b8bea98e7c14.
Texte intégralIn this thesis, we shall examine the part played by school in the building up of gender-related differences in the learning of mathematics. We will first investigate whether at the end of the nineties, differences in performance or attitude can be detected in mathematics between girls and boys in primary school. Data reveal no difference in the first year of primary classes. Yet, in the second year of intermediate classes, girls differentiate from boys, both in terms of performance and attitude. Girls are clearly not doing so well as boys. This topic appeals less to them and they have less confidence in their own skills than boys. We shall then attempt to show how school-masters contribute to the building up of these differences via the expectations they develop of their pupils and the verbal communications exchanged with them during mathematics courses. Results show that in the second year of intermediate classes teachers' expectations differ in relation to their pupil's gender. Although teachers do consider that the results obtained by girls and boys are of comparable standard, they expect and perceive more careful attention and greater efforts from girls than from boys. They also expect that boys will surpass girls in their future results. As regards verbal communication exchanged during mathematics courses, differences can be found both quantitatively and qualitatively in the messages addressed to boys and to girls. For a comparable success record, boys will get more information, open questions and feed-back than girls. Materially, the former get greater assistance in carrying out their tasks. Boys themselves also promote greater communication exchanges with their teacher than girls do. Results as a whole show that at primary school, girls and boys are gradually being encouraged to have a different approach to mathematics
Chesné, Jean-François. « D' une évaluation à l'autre : des acquis des élèves sur les nombres en sixième à l'élaboration et à l'analyse d'une formation d'enseignants centrée sur le calcul mental ». Paris 7, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA070013.
Texte intégralFor 25 years, national assessments show recurring findings on what students have acquired or not in mathematics at the end of primary school. One may wonder about the contributions of these outcomes for teaching, and their potential impact on the practices of teachers in grade 6. This led us to formulate hypotheses on the origin of these findings and develop an experimental teacher training scheme called "PACEM" in which standardized assessments have dual status as information carriers as well as training tools. Then we set up a special training scheme which explicitly aims to improve the acquired skills of students whose teachers have been trained in the field of numbers and arithmetic at the outset of lower secondary school. This thesis aims to describe and analyze the whole process from the perspective of the researcher. After questioning what standardized national assessments can provide in the studied area, we use the theory of activity and didactical tools in mathematics education that we adapt (Robert & Rogalski, 2002) to make a number of assumptions about teacher training and mental calculation to develop with grade 6 students. In a third step, we explore how the experimental design was implemented in distancing ourselves from our activity as designer and tramer. Finally, through a specific assessment protocol, we analyze the results of the experiment, positive in many ways, by comparing the results of the students involved and student control groups
Tenaud, Isabelle. « Une expérience d'enseignement de la géométrie en terminale C : enseignement de méthode et travail en petits groupes ». Paris 7, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991PA077090.
Texte intégralSensevy, Gérard. « Institutions didactiques, régulation, autonomie : une étude des fractions au cours moyen ». Aix-Marseille 1, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1995AIX10002.
Texte intégralA longitudinal teaching experiment was conducted with forth and fifth graders. The researcher was the teacher of the experimental class. The students participated in two specially designed activities, in: the production of fractions problems, by using a specific typology, and by producing and observing a set of criterias. The aim of such an activity was the improvement of the students conceptual and epistemological reflexion, and their change from a waiting position, passive, to a devolution position. So, they have to accept the responsability for sharing the teaching intention. A special work in the "journal of fractions", devoted to link the students activity to the progress of the institutional time. So, the students had to be able to become chronogenetic, i. E to propose to the class useful contributions to tackle new topics of curriculum, in an emblematisation process, which contributed to build the didactic memory of the class. These two activities constituted phenomenotechnic instruments, intendent to produce empiric facts, and to favorise the understanding of learning-teaching practices. On an other hand, they were considered as institutions, where teacher's and students's work allowed them to elaborate together new relations to the mathematical objects. So, classroom interactions were organised in order to built a mutual meaning system, grounded on appropriate semiotic tools. Such interactions necessitated a negotiation of new social norms, and the inculcation of new "dispositions" which demanded accurate gestures by the teacher. A new didactic contract, for the teacher and for the students, was determinated
Benrherbal, Abderrahmane. « Comment les situations faisant intervenir les fractions et les proportions en mathématique et en sciences pourront-elles influencer l’apprentissage et l’enseignement de ces disciplines ? » Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/69908.
Texte intégralThis research focuses on the field of didactics of mathematics. It has two main objectives: the first is to understand how the use of the concepts of fraction and proportion in intra and interdisciplinary contexts can affect the learning and teaching of mathematics, science and technology as well as physics and chemistry. The second is to grasp whether the learning of geometry, probability, energy efficiency, concentration, stoichiometry , optical reflection, and uniformly accelerated rectilinear motion transforms the fraction and the proportion of the object to the tool (Douady, 1986). In order to achieve these goals, this research consists in identifying the nature of teacher-student interactions around the concepts of fraction and proportion taken in different contexts. The concepts of the fraction and the proportion play a crucial role in the training program of the Quebec school (MELS, 2001). They illustrate the intra and interdisciplinary character of their usages in mathematics and other disciplines. This diversity of use in view of intradisciplinary links (probability, statistics, homothetic, etc.) and interdisciplinary links (in science and technology, chemistry, biology, economics, etc.) makes their constructions fundamental. The conceptualization of fraction and proportion is based on various significances of the fraction (part of a whole, measure, ratio, quotient and operator) and on its assimilation (Proulx & Bednarz, 2009). However, developing the meaning of these two concepts represents a major challenge for students. This learning complexity is shared by researchers in didactics of mathematics (Brousseau, 1998; Kieren, 1988; G. Vergnaud, 1983, 1990) and by several teachers . This research studies the use of the status of fraction / proportion as per the dialectic tool / object (Douady, 1986) in intra and interdisciplinary contexts. Based on a qualitative / interpretative research, our analysis focuses mainly on the interactions between the teacher and the students as well as their productions. Our results on the nature of interactions between the teacher and the students and the task brought to light the didactic incidents (Roditi, 2005), the identification of breaks in the didactical contract (Brousseau, 1998) and the support given to students according to the types of proximities (Bridoux & al., 2015). Firstly, the analysis of interactions related to learning allowed us to identify the possible origin of the students’ errors and their characteristics which are grouped into three parts. The first part is linked to the data of the task statement when moving from a register of semiotic representation to another (Duval, 1993). When interpreting the data, the errors noted appear to be related to superfluous data and to certain terms used in the instructions. The second part is related to conceptual errors and generally affects proportional reasoning. When interpreting the ratio fraction, especially in the contexts of trigonometry and energy efficiency, the fraction is considered a quantity without establishing a relation between the numerator and the denominator. The third procedural aspect is related to the application of the cross-product procedure and the rules related to the various operations on fractions. In addition, this analysis allowed us to qualify the students' understanding of procedural according to the conceptual analysis of Bergeron and Herscovics (1989). In the mathematics class, the understanding of probability is interpreted according to the conceptual analysis performed by Savard (2008) and the understanding of trigonometry is examined according to the conceptual analysis performed by Sonja De kee, Dionne and Mura (1996). Secondly, the analysis of interactions linked to teaching allowed us to classify the types of help that teachers provide to students. We have categorized them according to three types of proximities (Bridoux et al., 2015): ascending proximities, descending proximities and horizontal proximities. We noted a predominance of the use of horizontal proximities among the four teachers. These horizontal proximities are very local in nature and their cognitive reach is limited (Bridoux et al., 2015, p. 22), thus contributing to the maintenance of the didactic contract. The effects of the didactic contract such as the Topaz effect, the effect of misunderstood expectation and the actor's paradox also influenced learning by maintaining the didactic contract. We have noted a frequent use of the Topaz effect, which in addition to maintaining the didactic contract, reduces the responsibility of the students and creates, in the student, expectations of solution from the teacher. Thus, this mode of intervention presents the cross-product procedure as the solution to the proposed tasks. The teacher/student’s relationship with knowledge also seems to influence learning and teaching in each discipline of our experimentation. The teaching seems to focus more on formal procedures than on understanding the underlying reasoning behind the concepts of fraction and proportion. Thus, students' understanding, and reasoning are abandoned in favor of procedures with rapid application. This relation to knowledge with regard to the concepts of fraction and proportion seems to be characterized by a desire to optimize the time devoted to their subject. This social dimension, although it responds to didactic time (Mercier, 1985, 1992), does not seem to contribute to the construction of the meaning of the concepts of fraction and proportion. By not being invited to use these concepts and develop their meaning, students could develop an instrumental relationship to knowledge. Finally, thanks to our results of student productions and verbatim, we were able to highlight the nature of the use of the fraction / proportion according to the dialectic as a tool or object (Douady, 1986). Analysis of the interventions of the four teachers, which are characterized by a predominance of horizontal proximities shows that these did not favor the transition from the fraction / the object proportion to the fraction / the tool proportion. This analysis revealed to us that the interpretations of the concepts of fraction, percentage, part-whole proportion and independent quantity proportion are still under construction and they are located at the "research" phase according to the operating cycle of the DOO. This analysis highlights many errors and confirms that the students' knowledge mainly relates to the procedures for carrying out the tasks. These errors show that their reasoning is based on the use of these concepts as "tools in development" in the resolution of tasks. Thus, these “tools in development” are more particularly observable in the “old” and “research” phases according to the operating cycle of the DOO. The notion of fraction and proportion play a significant role in learning and teaching in intra and interdisciplinary contexts and constitute a major challenge for students. This is how this study made explicit the fact that students use the concepts of fraction and proportion as a “tool in development” (Douady, 1986) when learning geometry, probability and energy efficiency, concentration, stoichiometry, optical reflection and uniformly accelerated rectilinear motion. As the fraction and the proportion are still in the state of a "tool in development" (Douady, 1986), their use in situations involving these two concepts influences the learning and teaching of these subjects.
Petitfour, Edith. « Enseignement de la géométrie à des élèves en difficulté d'apprentissage : étude du processus d'accès à la géométrie d'élèves dyspraxiques visuo-spatiaux lors de la transition CM2-6ème ». Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015USPCC022.
Texte intégralThe aim of our study is to provide a method for teaching elementary plane geometry to dyspraxic fifth and sixth-grade pupils other than making them produce geometric constructions using instruments, because their lack of organisational and fine motor skills prevent them from learning in this way. Based on the instrumental approach of cognitive ergonomics, motor developnnent from neurophysiology and our own observations of dyspraxic pupils, we developed a theoretical framework for analysing the process of learning geometry via construction with geometric instruments. This enables us to separate geometric knowledge from practical skills during the construction process. We then added tools for analysing language and movement activated during geometric constructions created in a pairs setting as well as tools for analysing aids likely to be given to a dyspraxic pupil. Using this framework, we analysed how the dyspraxic pupil is catered for in class, to provide a basis for experimenting with two pupils, one of whom is dyspraxic, outside the classroom. The excellent results obtained pave the way for developing strategies for including dyspraxic pupils in class by creating appropriate conditions to enable them to learn geometry. Moreover, the study leads us to challenge the accepted consensus that construction with geometric instruments described by a geometric language disconnected from the instruments is the best approach for learning geometry in the 5th grade. The study also identifies hidden aspects of learning in geometry
Fajardo, Flores Silvia. « Modélisation des interactions non visuelles dans un environnement de travail mathématique visuel et non visuel synchronisé ». Paris 8, 2014. http://octaviana.fr/document/184982189#?c=0&m=0&s=0&cv=0.
Texte intégralThe students with blindness who study mathematics in an integrated environment face problems that go beyond the difficulty of the subject. The difference of content representation and supporting tools makes difficult the direct communication between people with and without blindness. The computer makes possible the synchronised representation of contents in multiple modalities, allowing direct communication between them. The objective of this work is to identify the characteristics of visual and non visual representation and the interactions that could be useful on an interface to support the teaching and learning process of algebra learning in an integrated environment. We have developed a prototype of a multimodal interface following the principles of user centered design, in which students and mathematics teachers with and without visual disability were involved during the process of development. The prototype allows writing contents using the computer and the braille keyboard ; active reading is possible through different levels of navigation in the semantic tree of the expression ; we also provide some auxiliary functions to facilitate resolution
Romano, Antonella. « La compagnie de Jésus et la révolution scientifique constitution et diffusion d'une culture mathématique jésuite à la renaissance (1540-1640) ». Paris 1, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996PA010651.
Texte intégralThe compagny of Jésus, a new catholic order founded by ignacius of loyola in the specific context of counter reformation, is envolved, from the origin of its history, in the process of education and learning. The elaboration of the study program, at that time of crisis of aristotelianism, is based on the first practices of learning developped all over europe and on the debate concerning the definition, the statute and the fonction of mathematics in relation with both theology and philosophia naturalis. Facing those questions, the compagny defines the collegio romano as the main space for experimentation and debate. Concerning mathematics, christoph clavius plays the leading role. He designes an original study program which allows the compagny to be one of the major centers of catholic scientific activity in those years (1580-1610). The french case study throws light on the diffusion of jesuit mathematical culture. The analysis of administrative archives and manuscripts of lessons reveales first the variety of situations and underlines how others scientific traditions influence local teaching practices (second half of the 16th. Century). At the beginning of the 17th. Century, the first chairs in mathematics are opened, in accordance with the ratio studiorum. Teachers specialized in mathematics are requested and the company has to face the problem of their formation. The emergence of this new jesuit figure is studied through the first french books of mathematics written by the first real specialists. That minority of professors played a large part in making the company of jesus one of the most famous cultural institution for the spreading of scientific culture among French elits
Morin, Monique. « Étude de la complexité et de la structure du feedback dans le cadre d'une démarche autocorrective en mathématiques ». Master's thesis, Université Laval, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/29255.
Texte intégralSayac-Miranda, Nathalie. « Les pratiques des professeurs de mathématiques : une approche croisée des influences de l'âge, du cursus et su sexe. Etude globale à partir de 255 questionnaires ; etude locale à partir de 5 professeurs ». Paris 7, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PA070032.
Texte intégralThe present research focuses on the practices of maths teachers teaching in secondary schools. It attempts to characterize them according to objective data and more particularly according to three factors : gender, level of qualification and age. It is based on several investigations (questionnaires, interviews, class observation) which aim at assessing the practices of maths teachers both quantitatively and qualitatively. The analysis of such practices is based on the "double approach" devised by Aline Robert, which takes into account what the pupils will potentially learn as well as the teachers' professional skills. The first investigation is based on 255 questionnaires answered by maths teachers working in a lycée (equiv. High school) and on 47 questionnaires answered by teachers working in a collège (equiv. Junior high school). The questionnaires have been processed with a statistical software program (SP AD), which has first allowed us to get a general picture of the teachers' practices and then to find out if the selected factors could give a more accurate and a richer picture. From the analysis of the questionnaire we have been able to identify four types of teachers, which are representative of the diversity of the teachers in our sample. The second investigation consists of a more localized study, based on the examination of the practices of 5 teachers who had answered our questionnaire and had agreed to be interviewed. They were observed while teaching ordinary classes in 1ère S (equiv. Lower sixth form or eleventh grade science option), Terminale S (equiv. Upper sixth form or twelfth grade science option) and in Terminale ES (equiv. Upper sixth form or twelfth grade economics option). The processing of the various data collected during the investigations revolves around the five components of the practices we identified with the double approach : a cognitive, mediative, personal, social and institutional component
Nechache, Assia. « La validation dans l'enseignement des probabilités au niveau secondaire ». Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016USPCC039.
Texte intégralOur research is concerned with the question of validation in the teaching of probabilities for Grade 9 and 10 students (age 14 and 15). We adopted the theoretical and methodological model of Mathematic Working Spaces associate to notion of probabilistic paradigm is used to characterize validation in the teaching of probability. The research is based on three successive studies. The first one is exploratory and aims at comparing both the validation practiced in probability and geometry. It showed that semiotics registers are favored to validate in probability and are more used than in geometry. Through The analysis of various tasks implemented at various school levels and related to three categories of tasks (simple, complex, rich) the second study shows highlights different forms of validation depending on the category of the task and the class level considered. The last study, based on interviews with teachers, leads to define the various types of validation adopted by teachers. As findings of the research and based on the data coming the three studies, some characteristics of validation in probability are given and show the specific originality of the teaching of probability in France
Pléty, Robert. « Ethologie de l'interaction chez des enfants du 1er cycle de l'enseignement secondaire au cours d'un apprentissage des mathématiques en groupes dans la résolution de problèmes ». Lyon 1, 1985. https://n2t.net/ark:/47881/m61z43cc.
Texte intégralFrutuoso, Maria Nubia. « Réformes de l'éducation et impacts sur la formation des enseignants et leurs pratiques pédagogiques en salle de classe : le cas de l'enseignement des mathématiques au Brésil et en France ». Thesis, Lyon 2, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2008LYO20076/document.
Texte intégralOur research aimed at analyzing the impacts of education reforms involving formation and pedagogical practice of elementary and middle school teachers which have taken place both in Brazil and in France from the nineties. More specifically, we have centered in three aspects: first, analyzing the general formation profile that has been demanded for teachers by education policies in both contexts; second, identifying the concrete challenges that teachers from elementary school face in order to develop their work in the classroom; and third, finding out the way mathematical knowledge is treated and interdisciplinarity
Delisle, Marie-Noëlle. « Une analyse de la spécificité de la motivation et du concept de soi scolaire en regard de la performance des élèves en mathématiques, en sciences et en français ». Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/46826.
Texte intégralLessard, Valérie. « Motivation et expériences scolaires dans les nouvelles séquences mathématiques au secondaire ». Thesis, Université Laval, 2012. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2012/29277/29277.pdf.
Texte intégralOakes (1987) has conceptualized a theoretical model that highlights the determinants and outcomes of school tracking. The present thesis aimed to examine some assumptions of this model in the context of the recent implementation of a mathematic reform in the Québec high school system. Specifically, the first goal of the thesis was to explore how individual (eg. gender, past performance and motivation), social (eg. perception of parental and teachers support, family income) and organizational factors (eg. participation in special programs, school size) and affect mathematics track placement. Additionally, this thesis aimed to analyze the relationship between math tracking and student motivation as well as to explore the mediating and moderating effects of the classroom learning environment in this relationship. Data came from the Evaluation of the Reformed Secondary school Quebec Education Program project (ERES), funded by the Ministère de l’Éducation, du Loisir et du Sport (MELS) and directed by professors Simon Larose and Stéphane Duchesne from Laval University. 732 students (41.3% boys and 58.7% girls) from 317 high schools in Quebec and their parents answered questionnaires before and after the students’ track placement. First, results from logistic regression analyses showed that higher past performance in math, participation in an enrich program, attending a private school, higher levels of parental education and higher perceptions of parental support when choosing a track increase the chances for students to be placed in an advanced track rather than a basic one. Moreover, the results of structural equation modeling indicated that although placement in an advanced track is linked to a decrease of students’ perceived competence; it is positively related to classroom discipline, which in turn is positively related to perceived competence (mediating effect). In addition, teaching strategies that were focused v on discussion and investigation increased students’ motivation, especially for those placed in a basic track (moderating effect).
Landelle, Jean-François. « L'auto-organisation en formation : essai sur la didactique des mathematiques ». Lyon 2, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987LYO20040.
Texte intégralThe thesis is made up of two parts, respectivaly headed practician knowledge and didactician knowledge, a problematic. . . And practice of a reflexive didactics. The first part opens a reflection on the places and the parts pratician knowledge and didactician knowledge can hold. Indeed, for a few years, the didactics of mathematics, which rose inside the scientific institution, has been starting to think the didactician system (teacher, pupil, knowledge) as a subject to study. It intends thus to set up an autonomous theorical field and therefore it does not hesitate to borrow concepts and procedures to close fields such as epistemology, genetic psychology and the history of mathematics. But, because of its registration in a scientific pattern of knowledge, the didactician's procedure causes a dissociation between theory and practice and didactes the teacher the superiority of the searcher above the practician "in the field". Then, the question is to know if didactics answers the mathematics teacher's problematic with the current positive problematization of the teaching situation. Actually, the thesis demonstrates how the didactician's speech cannot escape from rethorics and suggests a plural approach to the didactics of mathematics. The question of the formation in the teaching situation changes the "problem-space" of didactics and leads to understand didactics as a construct dialectically supported by practician knowledge and didactician knowledge. (. . . )
Douamba, Kirsi. « Formation à l'enseignement des mathématiques au Burkina Faso ». Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/26079.
Texte intégralIn Burkina Faso, studies carried out by Kiélem and Barro (2007) and Traoré (2012) showed deficiencies in the initial training of teachers. For example, Traoré (2012) reveals that initial training to the teaching of mathematics programs are inadequate to the needs of graduates. Our study aims at the understanding of teaching practice of students of primary and post-primary on the fraction in CM2 and first form. The fraction that is taught in the two levels of education is hardly learned by students. A combination of several theories and concepts including theories of didactic situations (Brousseau, 1986a) and conceptual fields (Vergnaud, 1981), the concepts of didactic incidents (Roditi, 2003; Rogalski, 2003), epistemological postures (DeBlois & Squalli, 2002) and adaptations (DeBlois & Maheux, 2005) and mathematical concepts (Noël & Mura, 1999) allowed to answer the following question "what are the practices of primary and post primary trainees in teaching the fraction in the medium second-year (CM2) of the primary level and the first form of the post-primary? "Our research methodology is based on a multiple case study. Eight teaching projects, including four for the Grade 6 and four for the Grade 7 were analyzed. Semi-structured interviews that followed the lessons performance were also analyzed. Our analyzes show that during the performance of course, the trainees encountered are concerned about the completion of the planned contents, which may explain that they practice a transmissive teaching. Some designs, such as mathematics are transparent, could support these practices and explain that trainees encountered all adopt a posture of former student. In addition, our analyzes show that primary school trainees manifest normative adaptations or avoidance while four forms of adaptation are manifested by the post-primary trainees. This understanding of the practical trainees could promote initial training in the teaching of mathematics bringing trainees to decenter from the posture of former student by changes in their conceptions of mathematics and their concerns of teaching in a context of a large class.
Margolinas, Claire. « Le point de vue de la validation : essai de synthèse et d'analyse en didactique des mathématiques ». Grenoble 1, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989GRE10060.
Texte intégralGobert, Daniel. « Incidence des activités de programmation en logo sur les performances en géométrie au cycle moyen et en sixième ». Paris 7, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991PA077038.
Texte intégralBlanc, Julie. « Construction et mobilisation des savoirs professionnels : le cas des pratiques enseignantes d'évaluation à l'école primaire ». Toulouse 2, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007TOU20014.
Texte intégralWithin the framework of studies regarding teachers' professional development, the present research revolves around the relationship between teaching practices (the class context) and collegial practices, as implemented within the school itself. They are envisaged from the aspect of social learning. Adopting a socio-cognitive approach, the thesis defends that the shared work implemented by teachers (during collegial practices) is favorable to the constructing of professional knowledge, which is to be mobilized afterwards, especially during teaching practices. This study used longitudinal observations of both teaching practices (tests in mathematics) and collegial practices. These observations were followed and developed further through semi directive interviews, and by the utilizing of a "livret scolaire" or school report book (an official document aimed at communicating scholar results to the families). The analysis of empirical documents was based on the triangulation of data regarding quantity and quality. The results bring to light two modalities concenring collegial practices : one is based on shared minima, the other on the sharing of common practices inducing a specific form of teaching. They show that the implementation of a shared activity plays a significant part in the organizing of practices of appraisal. The collegial dimension of professional activity appears thus as one of the organizers of teachers' teaching practices. Indeed, these latter construct and subsequently mobilize professional knowledge, and the modality of that constructing is for its major part linked to the nature of the collegial activity implemented within the school
Berthelot, René, et Marie-Hélène Salin. « L'enseignement de l'espace et de la géométrie dans la scolarité obligatoire ». Bordeaux 1, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992BOR10663.
Texte intégralMahmoodi-Motlagh, Ali. « Dissimilitudes entre les contenus géométriques du manuel scolaire mathématiques de 8e année en Iran et le test international du TIMSS 2011 ». Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/26906.
Texte intégralHourbette, Danièle. « Genre et usages des TIC. Une étude de cas dans une école d'ingénieur en agronomie ». Phd thesis, Université René Descartes - Paris V, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00633217.
Texte intégralChbani, Aziza. « Les effets du feedback explicatif et de la remédiation sur le rendement en mathématiques, en relation avec le degré d'internalité des élèves, dans le cadre d'une démarche autocorrective ». Master's thesis, Université Laval, 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/29175.
Texte intégralNongni, Siake Gael. « Intégration des ressources documentaires numériques dans la planification de l'enseignement de la statistique par des futurs enseignants au secondaire ». Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/38214.
Texte intégralIn many countries, the textbook is both the student's book and the teaching guide. It is the main resource for planning educational tasks (Lepik et al., 2015, Bjarnadóttir, 2018). However, Belinga (2009) observes that the content of some Cameroonian textbooks does not take into account the social context. This is why teacher training in terms of context and content to be taught remains a major challenge in an education system (Balhan et al., 2019, Ben-Zvi and Makar, 2016, Djeumeni, 2015, Proulx and Bednarz, 2010). Thus, we invited secondary school pre-service teachers to explore a directory of digital resource materials to enrich the statistical content of the textbook. We sought to understand how they orchestrate information from documentary resources during anticipatory activities prior to planning. An articulation between several theoretical frameworks and concepts allowed to develop an approach that could contribute to study the anticipatory activities of the trainees. This framework derives from the documentary approach of didactics (Gueudet and Trouche, 2008) and epistemological stances (DeBlois and Squalli, 2002, Deblois, 2012). The didactic experimentation that we put in place during a six-month period involved three statistical contents to be taught in secondary school: the average, the standard deviation and the statistical diagrams. The results of this work provide an added value to the documentary approach of didactics through the study of the influence of the epistemological stances adopted by trainees during their anticipatory activities. Thus, it appears that the trainees choose their documents based on arrangement variables characterized by a tension between the stances of the former student and the teacher. Trainees' concerns about the choice of context for students seem to be influenced by their experiences as former students. This justifies the predominance of the context related to students' grades in all of the completed planning. The study of statistical content and interactions between trainees contributed to the emergence of the stance of the university student. Indeed, the trainees valued and mobilized the knowledge of training in statistics education and improved their understanding in the statistical knowledge at stake. The teaching stance emerges when studying the variables related to the nature of the data. It manifests itself when trainees plan the teaching of the concepts in play in many ways in order to target students' understanding and interpretation. However, the trainees do not anticipate the tasks making it possible to value the use of meaningful data such as those derived from daily reality and those collected by the students. This seems to have reduced the anticipation of tasks anchored on the development of statistical reasoning in students.
Duquesne-Belfais, Françoise. « Activité et langages dans la conceptualisation mathématique : des apprentissages des élèves sourds à la formation de leurs enseignants ». Lille 1, 2007. https://pepite-depot.univ-lille.fr/LIBRE/Th_Num/2007/50377-2007-Duquesne_Belfais.pdf.
Texte intégralZaragosa, Serge. « Interactions verbales dans le processus de dévolution ». Paris 5, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000PA05H090.
Texte intégralNuma-Bocage, Line. « Etude de la médiation dans l'enseignement de la numération ». Paris 5, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997PA05H086.
Texte intégralPlace-value is a key moment of learning in mathematics at the primary level. The process at play during its acquisition is becoming better and better known. Since Piaget's contributions on the concept of number, the works of psychologists and didacticians, we know that the mastery of place-value requires the overcoming of long lasting difficulties whereas its status as a shared cultural knowledge conveys the idea that it can be learned easily. What happens in the classroom during the learning of place-value ? The study of interaction between the teacher and its students during the learning process is an essential element of a didactic approach. A description and analysis from a didactic point of view, of verbal interactions between the teacher and the students at the very beginning of the acquisition of the numerical system have enabled us to observe the teaching and learning process. The aid of the teacher consist nearly in the transposition of important notions of the numerical system and in mediation acts. The analysis of mediation is made in the perspective of a collaboration between the teacher and the students as described by Vygotski. A content analysis of the courses prepared by the teachers, or following a progression suggested to them, provides a thorough description of mediation process at work. This study shows the existence of specific teaching processes ("conversational exchange circle"), and the importance of the teaching factor in the didactic engineering. The teacher relies on verbal interaction patterns linked to the contents. They reveal specificities due to the learning conditions. The understanding of such processes is essential for a didactic of place-value and more generally for a didactic of mathematics; also for the training of teachers
Pilet, Julia. « Parcours d'enseignement différencié appuyés sur un diagnostic en algèbre élémentaire à la fin de la scolarité obligatoire : modélisation, implémentation dans une plateforme en ligne et évaluation ». Phd thesis, Université Paris-Diderot - Paris VII, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00784039.
Texte intégral