Thèses sur le sujet « Mato Grosso (Brésil ; plateau) »
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Buffo, de Capua Carla Maria. « L'influence des cultures indigènes sur l'art contemporain au Matto Grosso ». Montpellier 3, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001MON30047.
Texte intégralAlvarenga, Carlos José Souza de. « Phénomènes sédimentaires, structuraux et circulation de fluides développés à la transition chaîne-craton : exemple de la chaîne Paraguai d'âge protérozoi͏̈que supérieur, Mato Gross, Brésil ». Aix-Marseille 3, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990AIX30031.
Texte intégralArvor, Damien. « Etude par télédétection de la dynamique du soja et de l’impact des précipitations sur les productions au Mato Grosso (Brésil) ». Rennes 2, 2009. https://theses.hal.science/tel-00422109/fr/.
Texte intégralSince 2005, Mato Grosso became the first soybean producer State in Brazil. This evolution is the result of the progression of a pioneer frontier, which brought about undeniable positive socio-economic development but also high deforestation rates. The objective of this PhD is to contribute to a better knowledge of the interactions climate / society in Mato Grosso. More precisely, this work aims at determining the role of soybean dynamic as a driving force of the pioneer frontier, as well as evaluating the way rainfalls acts on the evolution of soybean territories. The analysis of these dynamics is carried out using classifications of temporal series of MODIS TERRA/EVI remotely sensed data. Our results indicate that the soybean agricultural expansion between 2000 and 2007 explains 12 % of the deforestation in Mato Grosso. In addition, 71 % of newly cultivated soybean fields in Mato Grosso are sewed in formerly deforested areas. Another important observation is that the agricultural sector is now initiating a new stage of development based on agricultural intensification: 46 % of the increase of agricultural production was obtained through changes in agricultural management practices. This is the consequence of the adoption of double cropping systems, which concern 30 % of the cultivated area in 2007 (against 6 % in 2000). We also show that agricultural intensification is affected by a strong spatial variability linked to the rainy season characteristics (annual rainfall, onset, end and duration of the rainy season). Those were computed using precipitation estimates from remotely sensed TRMM 3B42 products. Our results demonstrate a narrow relationship between intense rainy seasons and agricultural intensification
Desde 2005, o Mato Grosso transformou-se no maior Estado produtor de soja do Brasil. Essa evolução é a conseqüência do avanço de uma frente pioneira que trouwe um desenvolvimento socioeconômico certo, mas tambem resultou em altas taxas de desmatamento. Esta tese procura definir as interações clima / sociedade no Mato Grosso estudando o papel da dinâmica da soja como ator essencial da frente pioneira, além de avaliar a maneira pela qual as condições pluviométricas representam um fator importante, afetando a evolução dos territórios da soja. Essas dinâmicas são estudadas a partir de classificações de séries temporais de dados do sensor MODIS /EVI. Os resultados indicam que a expansão agrícola entre 2000 e 2007 explica 12% do desmatamento no Mato Grosso ; 71% das novas áreas de soja no Estado foram plantadas em talhões previamente desmatados. Atualmente, o setor agrícola matogrossense parece iniciar uma nova fase do seu desenvolvimento baseada na intensificação agrícola : 46% do aumento da produção agrícola é devido a mudanças nas práticas culturais. Isso é conseqüência da adoção generalizada dos sistemas safra-safrinha que representaram 30% das áreas agrícolas em 2007 (contra 6% em 2000). Essas mudanças são afetadas por uma forte variabiliadade espacial relacionada as condições pluviométricas (acúmulo anual de chuva, início, fim e duração da estação chuvosa), determinadas a partir das estimativas de precipitações dos produtos TRMM 3B42. Os resultados demonstram que as regiões caracterizadas por uma agricultura mais intensiva, são aquelas onde a estação chuvosa é a mais intensa, em volume e em duração
Nédelec, Vincent. « Modélisation de la colonisation agricole et de la déforestation dans le nord du Mato Grosso : approche multiscalaire par télédétection ». Rennes 2, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005REN20045.
Texte intégralDue to its landscape diversity, the stretch of its conquered areas and their shape variety, the Mato Grosso state is an indicator of the fast loss of the original vegetation in Amazonia. The prediction of the soil modification can then be essential in order to elaborate environmental policies or scenario of gouvernance. To carry out predictive simulations, a probabilistic modelling approach able to deal with the uncertainty is proposed. The Dempster-Shafer theory is then applied to the north of the Mato Grosso. The analysis of the results shows reliable estimates, from a spatial and statistical point of view, of areas covered by the forest. The proposed model also correctly extracts clearing areas which occurred near the cities and along the road axes. This model is then tested over the 1992 year and is checked over the year 2003. Again, the analysis of the results shows reliable estimates, from a spatial and statistical point of view, of areas covered by the forest. The proposed model also correctly extracts clearing areas which occurred near the cities and along the road axes
Estevam, Adriana Machado. « Morphosyntaxe du xavante : langue jê du Mato Grosso (Brésil) ». Paris 7, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA070053.
Texte intégralThis thesis offers a morphosyntactic description of the Xavante language, spoken in the state of Mato Grosso (Brazil) and part of the je languages, of the macro-jê stock. The first chapter is concerned with parts of speech and shows the distinction between nominal, verbal, adverbial lexemes, postpositions and particles. The second chapter consists of the morphological component of the grammar and accounts for the formal, flexional and constructional characteristics of nominal and verbal lexemes. The following chapter deals with syntactic issues : it describes the internal structure and syntactic fonctions of constituents (phrases and clauses). Some observations on the informational structure of the sentence are given in the last chapter. In conclusion, we propose a few diachronic hypotheses which attempt to offer a general perspective on certain aspects of the language
Balerin, Yannick. « Agriculture et libéralisation économique au Mato Grosso : quelle trajectoire de développement ? » Thesis, Paris 3, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA030040.
Texte intégralThe Mato Grosso State’s economic development started shortly when Brazil decided to liberalize its economy in the early nineties. The political and economic project born in the fifties, aiming at occupying this vast territory and turning into an important agricultural production area, was still unachieved in 1985. In spite of the risks it brings, the liberalization has had a positive impact on the economic growth in Mato Grosso. It was stimulated by an exceptional development in agricultural production and its integration into the international trade, following the expansion of the cultivated lands, the adoption and the spread of the technological progress and the rural financings. The inclination of the public policies towards the most vulnerable population is visible through the new orientation of the public budgets and the recorded results of the land reform. The durability and the equity of the growth process still remain uncertain. The family agriculture segment is noticeable to be marginalized in the State rural economy, and its income is eroding. The economic growth of the State became very sensitive to the international conjuncture as a result of its over-specialization on the export soybean complex, and is strongly depending on the financing, out of the traditional banking system. The future competitiveness of the economy is linked with the development of transportation and storage infrastructures. The social and economic indicators in rural areas are improving sharply and the disparities are reducing, but these results are still to be confirmed in the longer term. Deforestation has been the price to pay for agriculture growth. The handling of the environmental issue, to accompany the dynamic of growth, constitutes a major stake. Especially at the time when the North of the Mato Grosso could become a new site for agricultural exports across the Amazonian basin, in order to maintain the price’s competitiveness of the production, to stimulate its diversification and to ensure the social and economic sustainability of the development process
Delaroche, Martin. « Policy change or values change ? The evolution of the environmental behavior of large-scale soybean producers in Mato Grasso, Brazil ». Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019USPCA038/document.
Texte intégralCommodity production keeps expanding around the world. Past areas of commodity production have provided economic opportunities, but mixed social and environmental outcomes. In 40 years, Mato Grosso state has turned into the largest Brazilian soybean producer, representing a quarter of the country’s and 9% of the world’s production. Criticism of deforestation outcomes abounded. Much of that production was the result of smallholder farmers who migrated from southern Brazil in the 1970s and turned today into large-scale soybean producers. While environmental policies since the mid-2000s contributed to deforestation reduction in the region, the interplay between these policies, market conditions, technology and changing farmers’ values is unclear. What constitutes the environmental behavior of these producers and what explains that it evolves over time? To examine this evolution, I used a multi-methods approach based on extensive field research, 104 semi-structured interviews with producers, and quantitative data (land-use change and statistical analysis). Although the behavioral change of large-scale soybean producers has partly to do with market conditions and environmental policies, I demonstrate that their evolution in that regard is the result of a particular techno-cultural identity and pro-environmental values developed over time. This dissertation holds valuable lessons for understanding the complex mechanisms that could limit the environmental impact of future commodity frontiers
Clairay, Marie. « Etude par télédétection des structures spatiales du front pionnier dans le nord du Mato Grosso ». Rennes 2, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003REN20043.
Texte intégralIn Brazil the pioneer front has existed for five centuries, but today remote sensing techniques are enables to visualize its changing limits, particularly in the Mato Grosso state in Amazonia, where progress is very rapid. As the aims determined by the agricultural colonisation projects prove to play an important role in the structure of these recent lands, the satellite images determine their spatial properties. In this thesis, images are interpretated to discriminate pseudo-natural land and cleared land. In the Northern two-third of the Mato Grosso state, those radical mutations reveal different spatial features which were schematized in order to show their principal characteristics. They produce a dominant model of organization and variants. Among newly differentiated regions one of them is used as a transformation case study. A spatial analysis is carried out from chronological observations. It shows, at the locale scale, the disparities and the analogies between the municipalities ; but it reveals also the complexity of the pioneer front evolution
Vienne, Emmanuel de. « Traditions en souffrance : maladie, chamanisme et rituel chez les Trumai du Mato Grosso ». Paris, EHESS, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011EHES0449.
Texte intégralThe Upper Xingu has the particularity of uniting ten different language groups in a single "society". Within this regional ensemble, the Trumai occupy a place apart. Historically, they were comparatively hard hit interethnic conflict, and today they find themselves spread very thin, both politically and geographically. They also have a high rate of intermarriage with neighbouring groups and claim to have "lost their culture" - something that they experience as a veritable stigma. This thesis endeavours to reconstruct the historical and interethnic dynamics that have contributed to these problematic definitions of cultura and of what it means to be Trumai. The study of illness and shamanism is heavily affected by this wider context. It is twenty years since the Trumai counted shamans among their number and so they have to appeal to their neighbours. Accordingly, the fieldwork I carried out in 2004-2005 draws primarily on the perspectives of non-specialists. It is, then, less a matter of outlining their general cosmology than of scrutinising key moments in the pathogenic process in their own right: meeting a spirit in the forest, shamanic treatments and collective therapeutic rites. The stress polaced on the pragmatic dimension of these interactions allows for connections to be established between these different key moments, as well as between them and more explicit, but also more variable forms of discourse (accounts or explanations). Finally, the thesis focuses on two cases that are indicative of wider changes within the Upper Xingu: first, that of a wauja married to a Trumai and recntly initiated into shamanisme; and second, that of a shaman-prophet who emerged in 2007. In these two cases, the thesis seeks to understand the significant degree of variability between shamans, which conerns both modes of initiation and later therapeutic and visionary performances. This diversity can be throught of as organised around two separate poles, according to the type of authrity the shaman invokes, and is reflexively present as a real choice inscribed in the very heart of the initiation process
Serafim, José Francisco. « Apprentissages de l'enfant et vie quotidienne chez les Wasusu (Mato Grosso, Brésil) : une enquête d'anthropologie filmique ». Paris 10, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001PA100007.
Texte intégralDurieux, Laurent. « Etude des relations entre les caractéristiques géographiques de la surface et les nuages convectifs dans la région de l'arc de déforestation en Amazonie ». Aix-Marseille 1, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002AIX10059.
Texte intégralSans-Jofre, Pierre. « L' environnement post-marinoen (ca. 635 ma) : une étude multi-proxy de la plateforme carbonatée du Groupe d'Araras (Mato Grosso, Brésil) ». Paris 7, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA077166.
Texte intégralThe occurrence of low latitude glacial deposits in the Neoproterozoic is the basis of the Snowball Earth hypothesis, which postulates the planet had been completely covered by ice. The recovery from such an extreme climatic state would occur through an extreme greenhouse event. In this thesis we have combined sedimentological studies, geochemistry, magnetic methods and isotopic studies to investigate the Neoproterozoic carbonate platform of Araras, which is correlated to the Marinoan post-glacial successions. Five sections were sampled across the platform. Our results show that the dolomitic succession in the inner shelf sections is deposited in a progressive context, being then covered by transgressive limestones. Redox conditions were deduced from an integrated study, combining trace elements, magnetic mineralogy and iron speciation, which indicate oxic conditions in the shallower facies and relatively more reduced conditions at deeper facies. Multi-isotopic analyses of sulfur and carbon suggest that the end of the glacial event and the post-glacial transgression is accompanied by depletion in the sulfur reservoir, due to the increase in both primary productivity and bacterial sulfate reduction. Carbon isotopic composition of carbonate and associated organic matter in the cap carbonates indicate a maximum CO2 atmospheric concentration of 3200 ppmv. This concentration is coherent with Oa concentrations for the Neoproterozoic and with the ocean pH necessary for the widespread deposition of carbonate successions by that time. Yet, it is significantly lower than that predicted by numerical models of deglaciation
Bachelet, Caroline. « Apport de l'anthracologie à la connaissance des relations hommes-milieux à partir de l'Holocène moyen dans les sites préhistoriques de la Cidade de Pedra (Mato Grosso, Brésil) ». Paris, Muséum national d'histoire naturelle, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011MNHN0030.
Texte intégralAs pesquisas realizadas desde 1980 na Cidade de Pedra, um vasto território ao longo do Rio Vermelho (Mato Grosso), permitiram a descoberta de cerca de 140 sítios de arte rupestre, alguns foram escavados. As datas 14C obtidas a partir de carvão de madeira associado com vestígios materiais (lítico, cerâmica) mostram uma ocupação contínua desta região do Holoceno Médio ao Holoceno Recente. A análise antracológica de quatro sítios pré-históricos, Ferraz Egreja, Antiqueira, Morro Solteiro, Pacifico, foi realizada utilizando os macro-restos carbonizados de fogueiras, tições e concentrações de carvões dessas ocupações. A partir da identificação taxonômica dos vestígios de combustão, os principais objetivos deste estudo são de reconstruir os vários aspectos da exploração dos recursos de madeira pelas populações e da vegetação existente no passado perto dos sítios. Combinando dados antracológicas e arqueológicos, o objetivo foi também realçar uma utilização específica do fogo para cada sítio e talvez de acordo com atividades específicas (cozinhar, calor, luz). Com as abordagens paleoethnobotânicas e paleoecológicas, este trabalho forneceu os primeiros dados sobre as práticas de aquisição de lenha e as formações vegetais presentes e exploradas pelas sociedades pré-históricas da Cidade de Pedra no Holoceno. Este estudo é o primeiro a ser realizada nesse território, a primeira etapa do trabalho consistiu no desenvolvimento de uma coleção de referência de madeira atual para a identificação de carvão arqueológico. Esta coleção contém 128 taxa provenientes das formações vegetais características do Cerrado. As descrições anatômicas e os dados botânicos, ecológicos e etnobotânicos foram recolhidos em um banco de dados criado para essa ocasião. Os resultados da análise permitiram a identificação de táxons presentes na vegetação e explorados pelos homens durante o Holoceno. Acreditamos que eles praticavam uma coleta de lenha principalmente aleatória e oportunista segundo a disponibilidade de madeira morta na vegetação próxima aos abrigos. Algumas espécies sistematicamente identificadas nos depósitos estudados podem refletir uma escolha efetuada por vários motivos podendo estar relacionadas as propriedades específicas de madeira, as atividades diárias especiais (iluminação, cozinhar, fumaça, calor repelente), ou por razões culturais e / ou talvez religiosas. Do ponto de vista paleoambiental, todos os dados obtidos mostraram uma imagem da vegetação próxima daquela atualmente presente na "Cidade de Pedra", sugerindo certa estabilidade da cobertura lenhosa nos últimos 5000 anos. Finalmente, este estudo fornece os primeiros dados antracológicas sobre o paleoambiente vegetal da região e os comportamentos humanos em relação aos métodos de gestão de recursos de madeira do Holoceno Médio ao Holoceno Recente. Pelos diferentes métodos de análise e de interpretação aplicados, este trabalho contribui para o desenvolvimento da antracológia brasileira e abre muitas perspectivas para a pesquisa
Since the beginning of the researches in the 1980s’, 140 rock arts sites have been discovered in the Cidade de Pedra, a large area nearby the rio Vermelho (Mato Grosso). For the ones which have been excavated, the 14C dates obtained from charcoals stratigraphically associated with numerous lithic and ceramic artefacts, indicates a continuous occupation of this region from the Middle to Late Holocene. Anthracological analyses based on in-situ carbonised vegetal remains from hearths, firebrands and charcoal concentrations have been undertaken for 4 prehistoric sites: Ferraz Egreja, Antiqueira, Morro Solteiro, Pacifico. Through taxonomic identifications of carbonised remains, the present study aims to provide knowledge on some aspects of the exploitation of the wooden resources by humans as well as information on the vegetal formations that surrounded the sites during the past. By associating anthracological and archaeological data, this study aims also to shed light on particular human behaviours regarding the utilisation of fire in function of the sites and perhaps in function of specific activities as well (such as cooking, lighting, heating). Through questions raised in the field of paleoethnobotany and paleoecology, this work provides new data about the collect of wood in regards of fire practices as well as the presence and exploitation of the vegetal formations by the prehistoric inhabitants of the Cidade de Pedra during the Holocene. This study being the first one of this type realized on that territory, the initial step was the creation of a reference collection of present-day wood species in order to identify archaeological charcoals. This reference collection contains 128 taxa that characterize the Cerrado vegetal formations. A data base was created to include anatomical descriptions as well as botanical, ecological and ethnobotanical data. The results allowed the identification of wooden taxa exploited by humans during the Holocene time period. We think that the collect of the woods used for fire may have been mainly realized in a randomly and opportunistically way, following the availability of dead wood in the vegetation surrounding the human settlements. Some tree species consistently identified in the deposits may reflect a human choice dictated by specific wood properties, daily activities (lighting, cooking, heat, repellent, smoke) or cultural and/or religious reasons. From a paleoenvironmental points of view, data show a picture of the vegetation close to the one currently observed in the “Cidade de Pedra” suggesting a certain stability of the wooden cover in the last 5 000 years. Finally, this anthracological study provides the first paleoenvironmental data of the region as well as the first information about the human behaviours regarding the use of the wood from the Middle Holocene to the Late Holocene. By the mean of several methods of analysis and interpretation, this work contributes to the development of the anthracology in Brazil and opens large perspectives of research
Arvor, Damien. « Etude par télédétection de la dynamique du soja et de l'impact des précipitations sur les productions au Mato Grosso (Brésil) ». Phd thesis, Université Rennes 2, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00422109.
Texte intégralArvor, Damien Dubreuil Vincent. « Etude par télédétection de la dynamique du soja et de l'impact des précipitations sur les productions au Mato Grosso (Brésil) ». Rennes : Université Rennes 2, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00422109/fr.
Texte intégralNascimento, Lucelma Aparecida. « Stockage du carbone dans les sols et dynamique des paysages en Amazonie : l’exemple du Nord-Ouest de l’État de Mato Grosso – Brésil dans le cadre du REDD (Réduction des Émissions par Déforestation et Dégradation) ». Thesis, Rennes 2, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015REN20028/document.
Texte intégralThe land use changes altered the carbon storage potential in the soil. The deforestation and agricultural techniques have a significant impact on the global carbon cycle and contribute to greenhouse gases. The main objective of this thesis is to highlight the links between carbon storage, land use and the dynamics. For this study, we used satellite images over the period 1987 – 2011, to classify types of land occupations. In fact, not only to determine the amount of carbon in the soil, but also to check the connection between the amount of carbon and land management in different properties. Farms operate in the northwestern part of the state of Mato Grosso were chosen for their different operating modes: the Fazenda São Nicolau, in the Cotriguaçu community, where a reforestation policy was designed, the Fazenda Preciosa (representing the traditional agricultural model) and the Assentamento Vale do Amanhecer (recent deployment system based on the division of land among smallholders, with each having an operating strategy) in the of Juruena community. Therefore, detailed studies were developed through a regional soil mapping at scale 1: 100,000 in association with relief, hydrographic network, the geological substratum, climate changes, the vegetation and soils, and following the methodology and the techniques based on established organizational charts for these jobs. All this, in addition to mapping data about the physical partitions of these areas by remote sensing. Thus were carried out some analysis: the physical and chemical analysis, of the fluorescence spectrometry X-rays, the diffraction of X-rays, the geochemical environments - statistical analyzes as well as calculate the densities of the sampled soils in a geochemical context for Determination of the elements are associated with the carbon and organic matter. Studies on land use were also conducted. The Results show a range of carbon stock values between 0.01 and 8.89 kg / m2 distributed among diverse class of soil and selected for placement. Mappings of carbon stock classes allowed confront them with the land and the textural classes. The best correlations between carbon storage classes and certain types of high forest and carbon stock between the classes and the clayey textures were possible to find out that were found. Thus no way to land use seems to have a radical impact on carbon stocks; the cultural and historical practices of each farm better explain the results. This physicochemical approach primarily aimed at identifying the regions studied the soil types in their compositions that have higher levels of organic matter and nutrients where carbon storage is more assured. The results that were obtained in this research, lead us to propose a new model of studies to put into practice new ideas about REDD, as well as the organization's data of carbon storage in these different areas studied, which can be applied in other regions and objective interpretations that will of course be obtained in this body of work
Raoul, Dubos Marine. « Conflits dans les territoires de frontière agricole de la canne à sucre : dynamique de recomposition socio-spatiale dans le sud du Mato Grosso do Sul, Brésil ». Thesis, Paris 8, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PA080021/document.
Texte intégralBrazil registered an important increase in production of sugar cane from the years 2000. The sugar ethanol sector performs such cultivation in order to produce sugar, alcohol and electric power. The increase in production comes in response to the new global order, as the search for alternatives to fossil fuels, or the global demand for food. This situation encourages the arrival of new investors in the sugar market and the agrofuel production. So, it would be appropriate to "crises convergence" (environmental, food and energy) an attempt to conceal a way of renewing the agribusiness image, based on "greening" their practices and speeches production, seeking social acceptance and continuance of its expansion? In fact, conflict since the implementation of the sugar cane border territories agricultural sector, as occurs in the Dourados region, located in the State of Mato Grosso do Sul, West-Central Brazil. These conflicts there are relation with the recently plants installed close to local actors, with different objects and involving a variety of agent’s groups. To question the local actors understand the actor’s social claims and their effect on the fight for territory. The conflicting processes study allows to reveal the relations of power and control issues of space resulting in the transformation of the territories affected by an activity establishment
O Brasil registrou um importante aumento da produção de cana-de-açúcar a partir dos anos 2000. O setor sucroenergético realiza tal cultivo a fim de produzir açúcar, álcool e energia elétrica. A elevação da produção vem em resposta à novas injunções globais, como a busca de alternativas aos combustiveis fósseis, ou a demanda mundial por alimentos. Essa conjuntura incentiva a chegada de novos investidores no mercado do açúcar e dos agrocombustiveís. Do mesmo modo que esses investimentos, impulsionados pelo fenômeno de “corridas pelas terras” na escala mundial, provocaram expressões de preocupação de parte da sociedade civil, associações e pesquisadores em ciências sociais, a expansão da cana-de-açúcar tambem levanta questionamentos sobre os objetivos seguidos pelas empresas e as repercusões locais. Assim, seria a conveniente “convergência das crises” (ecolôgica, energética e alimentar) uma tentativa de dissimular uma forma de renovação da imagem do agronegócio, baseada na “ecologização” de suas práticas e na produção dos discursos, buscando aceitação social e continuidade de sua expansão? De fato, surgem conflito desde a implementação do setor nos territórios de fronteira agrícola da cana-de-açúcar, como ocorre na região de Dourados, localizada no Estado do Mato Grosso do Sul. Esses conflitos confrontam as usinas recentes instaladas aos atores locais, com diferentes objetos e envolvendo uma variedade de grupos de atores. Questionar os atores locais, testemunhando as transformações que vivem os territórios, e os atores ligados ao desenvolvimento do setor, permite revelar os problemas causados pela implementação das usinas. Permite ainda, entender as reivindicações sociais dos atores e suas consequëncias sobre as lutas pelo território. O estudo dos processos conflituosos permitem revelar as relações de poder e as questões de controle do espaço originando a transformação dos territórios influenciados pelo estabelecimento de uma atividade
Pereira, Luz Fernanda. « Territorio(s), mujeres y trabajo : estudio comparado entre los Terena de Mato Grosso Do Sul y los Yaquis de Sonora ». Thesis, Perpignan, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018PERP0062/document.
Texte intégralThis work aims to be a comparative study between the Terena Indians of Brazil and the Yaqui Indians of Mexico, focusing on the indigenous women of both ethnic groups. Although they are far away on the American continent, these communities show that their struggle for the defence of their territory and their rights is based on a common survival strategy. In this way, the conditions of work and exploitation inherent in them are highlighted, strengthened by differences in treatment (indigenous and feminine) that make the situation of women even more critical. In addition, this paper will address the issue of gender relations within and outside communities, relating to the challenges of indigenous women in the 21st century, such as female empowerment and gender equality. The interest in conducting a comparative study and, more specifically, focusing the research on "vulnerable" populations, in this case indigenous women, is to show how they are now taking on new roles without abandoning their ethnic identity
Póvoa, Maria Bernadete. « Arqueologia dos Abrigos Cera, Aquidauana, MS : cultura material e inserção na paisagem ». Universidade de São Paulo, 2007. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/71/71131/tde-07052008-160925/.
Texte intégralThis thesis presents archaeological records from two art rock shelters, commonly named as "Cera Rock shelters", both settled in the southern border of the Paraná Residual Plateau, southwestern Mato Grosso do Sul State. It is the first systematic excavation in this area. There is a TL data obtained from a potsherd collected in Aquidauana IVA: 690 +/-80 years BP. This research do a detailed archeography of the archaeological record recollected during excavations in the rock shelters and indicates the first instance to model the rockshekters in the landscape. In this way, the thesis reveals how these settlements in the landscape may be approached by symbolic choices and representations painted and drawn in sectors of these sites. These symbolic choices are part of the social identity integrated into the landscape, revealed by the material culture.
Grégoire-Zawilski, Myriam. « Construire l'avantage comparatif du Brésil ? : la coordination dans les filiales soja du Mato Grosso et du Paraná ». Thèse, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/12482.
Texte intégralThis dissertation proposes an alternative argument for explaining the Brazilian soybean boom. Drawing on the theory of organization and on institutional political economy, this research compares the organization of the value chain in the states of Mato Grosso and Paraná. Firstly, this research attempts to detail the internal workings of each mode of organization in order to conceptualize the latter as integral and coherent systems. As a result, Mato Grosso’s coordination mode (supply-chain integration) may be described as a hybrid organizational mode bearing resemblances with hierarchical organization whereas Paraná’s hybrid mode (agro industrial cooperative) tilts towards market organization. We identify the nature of risks as the primary determinant of the degree of governance centralization within each model. As a result, it is argued that each model is coherent and efficient because it serves the purpose of mitigating risks in a way that is responsive and adapted to local production imperatives. Such consideration is of upmost importance given that risk mitigation may encourage transactions and hence, induce economic growth. Secondly, such a research endeavour would be incomplete without a detailed analysis of the political and historical factors that influenced the development trajectory of each region. In order to take those variables into account, the case studies trace the history of the agrarian policies and institutions that shaped the economic landscape of each region starting from the 1960s, this is, when the production of soybeans started gaining importance in Brazil. Analyzing institutional change, it is argued, is critical for understanding the rules of the game that underpin the actual modes of coordination in each region.