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Littérature scientifique sur le sujet « Mediterraean Sea »

Auteur : Grafiati
Publié le 14 mars 2023

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Articles de revues sur le sujet "Mediterraean Sea"

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La Jeunesse, I., et M. Elliott. « Anthropogenic regulation of the phosphorus balance in the Thau catchment–coastal lagoon system (Mediterraean Sea, France) over 24 years ». Marine Pollution Bulletin 48, no 7-8 (avril 2004) : 679–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.marpolbul.2003.10.011.

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Rosa, Salvatore De, Zornitsa Kamenarska, Kamen Stefanov, Stefka Dimitrova-Konaklieva, Chavdar Najdenski, Iva Tzvetkova, Valeria Ninova et Simeon Popov. « Chemical Composition of Corallina mediterranea Areschoug and Corallina granifera Ell. et Soland ». Zeitschrift für Naturforschung C 58, no 5-6 (1 juin 2003) : 325–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/znc-2003-5-606.

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Abstract The composition of sterols, volatiles and some polar compounds from three Corallina samples (C. granifera and C. mediterranea from the Black Sea and C. mediterranea from the Mediterranean Sea) was established. The sterol composition of the Black Sea samples was similar but it differs from that of the Mediterranean sample. The composition of the volatiles was very complex. The main groups of constituent were hydrocarbons, alcohols, carbonyl compounds, acids and their esters, terpenes. The composition of the polar components, soluble in n-butanol, was also established. There were some differences in the chemical composition of the two Black Sea species, which may be due to the biodiversity between them, while the differences in the composition of the two C. mediterranea samples could be due to the differences in the environment (salinity, temperature, pollution, etc.).
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Hsü, Kenneth J. « Gaia and the Mediterranean Sea ». Scientia Marina 65, S2 (30 décembre 2001) : 133–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.3989/scimar.2001.65s2133.

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GIANGRANDE, ADRIANA, MATTEO PUTIGNANO, MARGHERITA LICCIANO et MARIA CRISTINA GAMBI. « The Pandora’s box : Morphological diversity within the genus Amphiglena Claparède, 1864 (Sabellidae, Annelida) in the Mediterranean Sea, with description of nine new species ». Zootaxa 4949, no 2 (25 mars 2021) : 201–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4949.2.1.

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We report the description of nine new taxa of sabellid polychaetes belonging to the genus Amphiglena, of which diversity in the Mediterranean Sea has been widely underestimated. Examined material derived from both new collections along the Italian coast, including four CO2 vents/hydrothermal systems, and from a re-examination of older material previously attributed to A. mediterranera (Leydig, 1851) which was so far the only species of the genus reported for the Mediterranean area. The analysis revealed the presence of different taxa also consistent with a previous molecular analysis conducted on material from the Gulf of Naples and the Salento coast (Ionian Sea). This led to an increase in the number of species in the genus and to highlight the occurrence in the Mediterranean Sea of a high diversity within the genus. A key to the Mediterranean Sea species of Amphiglena is also provided. Some taxa, however, remain for the moment undescribed due to the poor preservation of the old material, and the lack of the type material for this taxon. A major revision of all the Mediterranean material previously attributed to A. mediterranea from both morphological and molecular points of view is needed.
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Lüter, Carsten. « Larval brooding and development of the micromorph rhynchonellid Tethyrhynchia mediterranea (Brachiopoda : Recent) ». Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 81, no 6 (décembre 2001) : 939–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0025315401004866.

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Two developmental stages of the micromorph rhynchonellid Tethyrhynchia mediterranea (Brachiopoda: Tethyrhychiidae) are described using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). They were found in niches of the mantle cavity of adult females, as T. mediterranea broods its offspring between the protecting valves of the shell. The developmental stages of T. mediterranea are very small (∼120 μm), but relative to adult body size of up to 1·2 mm in length they are larger than any other lecithotrophic brachiopod larva. Dispersal ability and phylogeography of T. mediterranea in the Mediterranean Sea is discussed.
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Theodor, Marc, Gerhard Schmiedl, Frans Jorissen et Andreas Mackensen. « Stable carbon isotope gradients in benthic foraminifera as proxy for organic carbon fluxes in the Mediterranean Sea ». Biogeosciences 13, no 23 (30 novembre 2016) : 6385–404. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/bg-13-6385-2016.

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Abstract. We have determined stable carbon isotope ratios of epifaunal and shallow infaunal benthic foraminifera in the Mediterranean Sea to relate the inferred gradient of pore water δ13CDIC to varying trophic conditions. This is a prerequisite for developing this difference into a potential transfer function for organic matter flux rates. The data set is based on samples retrieved from a well-defined bathymetric range (400–1500 m water depth) of sub-basins in the western, central, and eastern Mediterranean Sea. Regional contrasts in organic matter fluxes and associated δ13CDIC of pore water are recorded by the δ13C difference (Δδ13CUmed-Epi) between the shallow infaunal Uvigerina mediterranea and epifaunal species (Planulina ariminensis, Cibicidoides pachydermus, Cibicides lobatulus). Within epifaunal taxa, the highest δ13C values are recorded for P. ariminensis, providing the best indicator for bottom water δ13CDIC. In contrast, C. pachydermus reveals minor pore water effects at the more eutrophic sites. Because of ontogenetic trends in the δ13C signal of U. mediterranea of up to 1.04 ‰, only tests larger than 600 µm were used for the development of the transfer function. The recorded differences in the δ13C values of U. mediterranea and epifaunal taxa (Δδ13CUmed-Epi) range from −0.46 to −2.13 ‰, with generally higher offsets at more eutrophic sites. The measured δ13C differences are related to site-specific differences in microhabitat, depth of the principal sedimentary redox boundary, and TOC content of the ambient sediment. The Δδ13CUmed-Epi values reveal a consistent relation to Corg fluxes estimated from satellite-derived surface water primary production in open-marine settings of the Alboran Sea, Mallorca Channel, Strait of Sicily, and southern Aegean Sea. In contrast, Δδ13CUmed-Epi values in areas affected by intense resuspension and riverine organic matter sources of the northern to central Aegean Sea and the canyon systems of the Gulf of Lion suggest higher Corg fluxes compared to the values based on recent primary production. Taking regional biases and uncertainties into account, we establish a first Δδ13CUmed-Epi-based transfer function for Corg fluxes for the Mediterranean Sea.
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Sardà, Francisco, Antoni Calafat, Mª Mar Flexas, Anastasios Tselepides, Miquel Canals, Manuel Espino et Angelo Tursi. « An introduction to Mediterranean deep-sea biology ». Scientia Marina 68, S3 (30 décembre 2004) : 7–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.3989/scimar.2004.68s37.

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D'Onghia, Gianfranco, Domingo Lloris, Chrissi-Yianna Politou, Letizia Sion et John Dokos. « New records of deep-water teleost fish in the Balearic Sea and Ionian Sea (Mediterranean Sea) ». Scientia Marina 68, S3 (30 décembre 2004) : 171–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.3989/scimar.2004.68s3171.

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Poli, Anna, Elena Bovio, Iolanda Perugini, Giovanna Cristina Varese et Valeria Prigione. « Corollospora mediterranea : A Novel Species Complex in the Mediterranean Sea ». Applied Sciences 11, no 12 (11 juin 2021) : 5452. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11125452.

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The genus Corollospora, typified by the arenicolous fungus Corollospora maritima, consists of twenty-five cosmopolitan species that live and reproduce exclusively in marine environments. Species of this genus are known to produce bioactive compounds and can be potentially exploited as bioremediators of oil spill contaminated beaches; hence their biotechnological importance. In this paper, nine fungal strains isolated in the Mediterranean Sea, from the seagrass Posidonia oceanica (L.) Delile, from driftwood and seawater contaminated by an oil spill, were investigated. The strains, previously identified as Corollospora sp., were examined by deep multi-loci phylogenetic and morphological analyses. Maximum-likelihood and Bayesian phylogeny based on seven genetic markers led to the introduction of a new species complex within the genus Corollospora: Corollospora mediterranea species complex (CMSC). The Mediterranean Sea, once again, proves an extraordinary reservoir of novel fungal species with a still undiscovered biotechnological potential.
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Vitales, Daniel, Joana Aragay, Teresa Garnatje, Amelia Gómez Garreta et Jordi Rull Lluch. « Phylogeography ofDictyota fasciolaandDictyota mediterranea(Dictyotales, Phaeophyceae) : unexpected patterns on the Atlantic-Mediterranean marine transition and taxonomic implications ». PeerJ 7 (16 mai 2019) : e6916. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.6916.

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The Atlantic-Mediterranean marine transition is a fascinating biogeographic region, but still very poorly studied from the point of view of seaweed phylogeography.Dictyota fasciolaandD. mediterranea(Dictyotales, Phaeophyceae) are two currently recognized sister species that share a large part of their distribution along the Mediterranean Sea and the Atlantic Ocean, representing a unique study model to understand the diversification processes experienced by macroalgae during and after Messinian at this marine region. In this study, we sampled 102 individuals ofD. fasciolaandD. mediterraneafrom 32 localities along their distribution range and sequenced the mitochondrialcox1 and the chloroplastrbcL-rbcS DNA regions for all the samples. Our data do not support the occurrence of two sister species but a morphologically variable and highly genetic diverse species or a complex of species. Most of the observed genetic diversity corresponds to the Mediterranean populations, whereas the Atlantic ones are much more homogeneous. The early-diverged lineages inferred from both mtDNA and cpDNA phylogenetic reconstructions were constituted by samples from the Mediterranean Sea. Together, these results suggest that the Mediterranean Sea acted as a refugium for theD. fasciola–D. mediterranealineage during the geologic and climatic changes occurred on the region since the Miocene, subsequently dispersing to the Atlantic Ocean.
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Thèses sur le sujet "Mediterraean Sea"

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Bonaduce, Antonio <1980&gt. « Sea-Level climate variability in the Mediterranean Sea ». Doctoral thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2012. http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/4645/1/Bonaduce_Antonio_tesi.pdf.

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Sea-level variability is characterized by multiple interacting factors described in the Fourth Assessment Report (Bindoff et al., 2007) of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) that act over wide spectra of temporal and spatial scales. In Church et al. (2010) sea-level variability and changes are defined as manifestations of climate variability and change. The European Environmental Agency (EEA) defines sea level as one of most important indicators for monitoring climate change, as it integrates the response of different components of the Earths system and is also affected by anthropogenic contributions (EEA, 2011). The balance between the different sea-level contributions represents an important source of uncertainty, involving stochastic processes that are very difficult to describe and understand in detail, to the point that they are defined as an enigma in Munk (2002). Sea-level rate estimates are affected by all these uncertainties, in particular if we look at possible responses to sea-level contributions to future climate. At the regional scale, lateral fluxes also contribute to sea-level variability, adding complexity to sea-level dynamics. The research strategy adopted in this work to approach such an interesting and challenging topic has been to develop an objective methodology to study sea-level variability at different temporal and spatial scales, applicable in each part of the Mediterranean basin in particular, and in the global ocean in general, using all the best calibrated sources of data (for the Mediterranean): in-situ, remote-sensig and numerical models data. The global objective of this work was to achieve a deep understanding of all of the components of the sea-level signal contributing to sea-level variability, tendency and trend and to quantify them.
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Bonaduce, Antonio <1980&gt. « Sea-Level climate variability in the Mediterranean Sea ». Doctoral thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2012. http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/4645/.

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Sea-level variability is characterized by multiple interacting factors described in the Fourth Assessment Report (Bindoff et al., 2007) of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) that act over wide spectra of temporal and spatial scales. In Church et al. (2010) sea-level variability and changes are defined as manifestations of climate variability and change. The European Environmental Agency (EEA) defines sea level as one of most important indicators for monitoring climate change, as it integrates the response of different components of the Earths system and is also affected by anthropogenic contributions (EEA, 2011). The balance between the different sea-level contributions represents an important source of uncertainty, involving stochastic processes that are very difficult to describe and understand in detail, to the point that they are defined as an enigma in Munk (2002). Sea-level rate estimates are affected by all these uncertainties, in particular if we look at possible responses to sea-level contributions to future climate. At the regional scale, lateral fluxes also contribute to sea-level variability, adding complexity to sea-level dynamics. The research strategy adopted in this work to approach such an interesting and challenging topic has been to develop an objective methodology to study sea-level variability at different temporal and spatial scales, applicable in each part of the Mediterranean basin in particular, and in the global ocean in general, using all the best calibrated sources of data (for the Mediterranean): in-situ, remote-sensig and numerical models data. The global objective of this work was to achieve a deep understanding of all of the components of the sea-level signal contributing to sea-level variability, tendency and trend and to quantify them.
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Arata, Bernard. « Deep convection in the Mediterranean Sea ». Thesis, Monterey, Calif. : Springfield, Va. : Naval Postgraduate School ; Available from National Technical Information Service, 1994. http://handle.dtic.mil/100.2/ADA288497.

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Vladoiu, Anda Claudia. « Turbulence in the Western Mediterranean Sea ». Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018SORUS558.

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Les processus caractérisant la turbulence en Méditerranée Occidentale ont été identifiés et quantifiés à partir de données de microstructure. L'accent a été mis sur le Canal de Sicile, un hot-spot pour le mélange turbulent et une région clé pour les transformations de masses d'eaux. Il module le transport de chaleur et de sel entre les deux bassins, occidental et oriental, et on y retrouve une large gamme de régimes dynamiques. La turbulence y est produite par le fort cisaillement associé à l'écoulement des eaux Levantines intermédiaires (LIW) fortement contraint par la bathymétrie et par le déferlement des ondes internes de marée. Un fort contraste entre les deux passages profonds dans le canal a ainsi été observé. La variabilité de l'efficacité du mélange a été caractérisée en fonction des régimes dynamiques rencontrés et une paramétrisation fine échelle de la dissipation d'énergie cinétique turbulente a été validée pour des régimes d'intensité turbulente faible à modérée. Les flux diffusifs turbulents verticaux calculés à partir de mesures in-situ ont permis d'estimer les changements des propriétés des masses d'eaux dans le canal. L'analyse a ensuite été étendue à tous les profils récoltés dans le bassin occidental où le rôle relatif de la double diffusion et de la turbulence mécanique sur les flux de chaleur, salinité, flottabilité et l'érosion de la LIW, a été discuté
The processes characterising turbulence in the Western Mediterranean Sea were identified and quantified using microstructure measurements. The focus was on the Sicily Channel, a hotspot for turbulent mixing and a key region for water mass transformations. It modulates the heat and salt transport from the Eastern to the Western Mediterranean Basins and exhibits a large range of dynamical regimes. Turbulence is driven by the strong shear associated to the flow of Levantine Intermediate Waters (LIW) which is constricted by the bathymetry, and by internal wave breaking of tidal origin. A strong contrast was observed between the two deep passages in the channel. The mixing efficiency variability was investigated in the context of mechanically driven turbulence over a wide spectrum of turbulence intensities. A finescale parameterisation for the turbulent kinetic energy dissipation rate was validated for weak to moderate turbulence intensity. The vertical turbulent diffusive fluxes computed from the measurements allowed an assessment of the water mass property changes incurred in the channel. The analysis was extended to all the stations sampled in the Western Mediterranean, where the relative impact of double diffusion and mechanical turbulence on heat, salt and buoyancy fluxes, as well as on the LIW, was investigated
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Bonazzi, Alessandro <1979&gt. « Ensemble forecasting in the Mediterranean sea ». Doctoral thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2008. http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/859/1/Tesi_Bonazzi_Alessandro.pdf.

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A new methodology is being devised for ensemble ocean forecasting using distributions of the surface wind field derived from a Bayesian Hierarchical Model (BHM). The ocean members are forced with samples from the posterior distribution of the wind during the assimilation of satellite and in-situ ocean data. The initial condition perturbations are then consistent with the best available knowledge of the ocean state at the beginning of the forecast and amplify the ocean response to uncertainty only in the forcing. The ECMWF Ensemble Prediction System (EPS) surface winds are also used to generate a reference ocean ensemble to evaluate the performance of the BHM method that proves to be eective in concentrating the forecast uncertainty at the ocean meso-scale. An height month experiment of weekly BHM ensemble forecasts was performed in the framework of the operational Mediterranean Forecasting System. The statistical properties of the ensemble are compared with model errors throughout the seasonal cycle proving the existence of a strong relationship between forecast uncertainties due to atmospheric forcing and the seasonal cycle.
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Bonazzi, Alessandro <1979&gt. « Ensemble forecasting in the Mediterranean sea ». Doctoral thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2008. http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/859/.

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A new methodology is being devised for ensemble ocean forecasting using distributions of the surface wind field derived from a Bayesian Hierarchical Model (BHM). The ocean members are forced with samples from the posterior distribution of the wind during the assimilation of satellite and in-situ ocean data. The initial condition perturbations are then consistent with the best available knowledge of the ocean state at the beginning of the forecast and amplify the ocean response to uncertainty only in the forcing. The ECMWF Ensemble Prediction System (EPS) surface winds are also used to generate a reference ocean ensemble to evaluate the performance of the BHM method that proves to be eective in concentrating the forecast uncertainty at the ocean meso-scale. An height month experiment of weekly BHM ensemble forecasts was performed in the framework of the operational Mediterranean Forecasting System. The statistical properties of the ensemble are compared with model errors throughout the seasonal cycle proving the existence of a strong relationship between forecast uncertainties due to atmospheric forcing and the seasonal cycle.
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Pettenuzzo, Daniele <1977&gt. « Sea Surface Temperature variations and air-sea physics parametrizations in the Mediterranean Sea ». Doctoral thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2010. http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/2867/1/Pettenuzzo_Daniele_tesi.pdf.

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Pettenuzzo, Daniele <1977&gt. « Sea Surface Temperature variations and air-sea physics parametrizations in the Mediterranean Sea ». Doctoral thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2010. http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/2867/.

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Capó, Truyols María Esther. « Submesoscale dynamics in the western Mediterranean sea ». Doctoral thesis, Universitat de les Illes Balears, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/671250.

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[eng] The transition from mesoscale to submesoscale dynamics is investigated in the western Mediterranean Sea (WMed) using a set of ROMS model simulations. The research is structured in a series of sequential stages covering the mesoscale-tosubmesoscale range, starting from a regional overview of the WMed ocean circulation and zooming in towards local processes. The mesoscale exploration is assessed in terms of the Lorenz energy cycle (LEC), which provides a quanti cation of the kinetic-potential energy exchanges through eddymean ow interactions. The sources of eddy kinetic energy are analyzed by applying a regional formulation of the LEC to 18 years of the ROMSWMED32 numerical simulation at eddy-resolving resolution (3.5 km), which allows identi cation of whether the energy exchange between the mean and eddy ow is local or nonlocal. The patterns of energy conversion between the mean and eddy kinetic and potential energy are estimated in three subregions of the domain: the Alboran Sea, the Algerian Basin, and the Northern Basin. Results from the LEC analysis reveal that the Alboran Sea is the most energetic region in the WMed. The spatial characterization of the energy conversion routes, together with the physical and dynamical characteristics of the area, hints at two principal submesoscale mechanisms involved in maintaining balance: topographic vorticity generation (TVG) and frontogenesis (FG). The transition toward the submesoscale is explored in the Alboran Sea by means of two nested, realistic simulations covering this region with increasing horizontal resolutions ranging from 1:5 km (WMed1500) to 0:5 km (Alb500). Unbalanced submesoscale dynamics emerge in the ner solution as the model resolution is increased. The occurrence of TVG and FG in Alb500 does not display a clear spatial nor temporal variability which facilitates an overall statistical approach. Instead, our analysis is focused on particular events of FG and TVG which are considered to be representative of the Alboran Sea dynamics. TVG is explored and quanti ed using the barotropic vorticity balance equation, in which the generation of vorticity through ow-topography interaction relies on contributions from bottom stress and form drag, the latter being the principal source. FG is analyzed in a recurrent, intense density front located at the eastern edge of the permanent western anticyclonic gyre (WAG) which has a similar structure to that of the climatological Almeria-Oran front. Alb500 accurately reproduces the process of FG in this front, instigated by the straining of the mesoscale velocity eld, and the generation of ageostrophic secondary circulation, exhibiting transient downwelling events reaching peak vertical velocities of O(1) km day􀀀���1. The vertical velocity background revealed throughout the analysis of the Alb500 solution suggests that vertical motions in the Alboran Sea might stem from additional sources of perturbations in the submesoscale range, such as mixed layer instabilities, tidal e ects or topographic internal waves. Exploring these mechanisms and the possible interactions among them is beyond the scope of this Thesis; planned further analysis of the Alb500 simulation using Lagrangian techniques is likely to shed light on such processes.
[spa] La transici on de la mesoescala a la submesoescala se investiga en el Mar Mediterr aneo occidental mediante una serie de simulaciones con el modelo ROMS. El estudio se compone de varias etapas que cubren este rango de escalas, partiendo de una descripci on regional de la circulaci on en el Mediterr aneo occidental hacia los procesos que tienen lugar a escalas locales. El an alisis de mesoescala se lleva a cabo en t erminos del ciclo de energ a de Lorenz (LEC, de sus siglas en ingl es), que permite cuanti car los intercambios de energ a cin etica y potencial que tienen lugar en el uido mediante interacciones entre el ujo medio y el ujo turbulento. Las fuentes de energ a cin etica turbulenta se investigan a partir de ROMSWMED32, una simulaci on de mesoescala (3.5 km) que abarca un periodo de 18 a~nos. Una formulaci on regional del LEC permite discernir si dichos intercambios de energ a tienen un origen local o remoto. Los patrones de conversi on de energ a se investigan en tres subregiones: Mar de Albor an, Cuenca de Argelia y Cuenca de Norte. Los resultados del LEC revelan que el Mar de Albor an es la zona m as energ etica del Mediterr aneo occidental. La distribuci on espacial de las rutas de conversi on de energ a, junto con las caracter sticas geogr a cas y din amicas de esta regi on, sugieren dos mecanismos de submesoescala como principales responsables del mantenimiento del balance de energ a: generaci on topogr a ca de vorticidad (TVG, de sus siglas en ingl es) y frontog enesis (FG). La transici on hacia la submesoescala en el Mar de Albor an se investiga mediante dos simulaciones realistas anidadas que cubren esta regi on, con resoluciones que aumentan desde 1:5 km (WMed1500) hasta 0:5 km (Alb500). La din amica de submesoescala se aprecia en Alb500 seg un aumenta la resoluci on. Los procesos de TVG y FG en Alb500 no presentan una clara variabilidad espacial ni temporal que permita una descripci on estad stica de los mismos. Por tanto, el an alisis de estos mecanismos se lleva a cabo sobre eventos aislados que pueden considererse representativos de la din amica del Mar de Albor an. La cuanti caci on y el an alisis de la TVG se realiza a partir de la ecuaci on del balance de vorticidad barotr opica. La generaci on de vorticidad debido a la interacci on de la corriente con la topograf a se eval ua en t erminos del esfuerzo cortante de fondo (en ingl es, bottom stress) y del arrastre (en ingl es, form drag), siendo este ultimo la fuente principal. La FG se analiza en un intenso y recurrente frente de densidad localizado en el extremo oriental de giro anticicl onico del oeste (WAG, de sus siglas en ingl es) cuya estructura es muy similar a la del habitual frente de Almer a-Oran. Alb500 reproduce de forma precisa el proceso de FG de este frente, inducido por el aumento de tensi on del campo de velocidad geostr o ca super cial, as como el desarrollo de la circulaci on secundaria ageostr o ca asociada al frente, con episodios de intenso movimiento vertical descendente (en ingl es, downwelling) alcanzando velocidades del orden de 1 km al d a. El campo de velocidad vertical que revela el an alisis de la simulaci on Alb500 sugiere que los movimientos verticales en el Mar de Albor an pueden ser originados por otros tipos de perturbaciones de submesoescala, tales como inestabilidades en la capa de mezcla, las mareas, o bien ondas internas de origen topogr a co. La exploraci on de estos mecanismos y de las posibles interacciones que tiene lugar entre ellos va m as all a de los objetivos de esta Tesis, si bien se pretende profundizar en el estudio de dichos procesos con un futuro y exhaustivo an alisis de la simulaci on Alb500 utilizando t ecnicas lagrangianas
[cat] La transici o de la mesoescala a la submesoescala s'investiga a la Mar Mediterr ania occidental a partir d'una s erie de simulacions amb el model ROMS. L'estudi est a format per v aries etapes que abasten aquest rang d'escales, des d'una descripci o regional de la circulaci o a la Mediterr ania occidental, ns als processos que tenen lloc a escales locals. L'an alisi de mesoescala es realitza en termes del cicle d'energia de Lorenz (LEC, de les seves sigles en angl es), que permet quanti car els intercanvis d'energia cin etica i potencial que tenen lloc en un uid degut a les interaccions entre el uxe mitj a i el uxe turbulent. Les fonts d'energia cin etica turbulenta s'investiguen amb ROMSWMED32, una simulaci o de mesoescala (3.5 km) que abarca un periode de 18 anys. Una formulaci o regional del LEC permet diferenciar si aquests intercanvis d'energia s on d'origen local o remot. Els patrons de conversi o d'energia s'investiguen a tres sub-regions: Mar d'Alboran, Conca d'Alg eria i Conca del Nord. Els resultats del LEC mostren que la Mar d'Alboran es la zona m es energ etica de la Mediterr ania occidental. La distribuci o espacial de les rutes de conversi o d'energia, juntament amb les caracter stiques geogr a ques i din amiques d'aquesta regi o, suggereixen dos mecanismes de submesoescala com a principals responsables del manteniment del balan c d'energia: generaci o topogr a ca de vorticitat (TVG, de les seves sigles en angl es) i frontog enesi (FG). La transici o cap a la submesoescala a la Mar d'Alboran s'investiga a partir de dues simulacions realistes niuades que cobreixen aquesta regi o, amb resolucions que augmenten des de 1:5 km (WMed1500) ns a 0:5 km (Alb500). La din amica de submesoescala s'aprecia en Alb500 segons augmenta la resoluci o. Els processos de TVG i FG simulats amb Alb500 no presenten una clara variabilitat espacial ni temporal que faciliti la seva descripci o estad stica. Per tant, l'an alisi d'aquests mecanismes es realitza a partir d'esdeveniments a llats que es poden considerar representatius de la din amica de la Mar d'Albor an. La quanti caci o i l'an alisi de la TVG es realitza mitjan cant l'equaci o de balan c de la vorticitat barotr opica. La generaci o de vorticitat per interacci o del corrent amb la topogra a s'avalua en termes de l'esfor c de tall (en angl es, bottom stress) i de l'arrossegament (en angl es, form drag), que n' es la principal font. La FG s'analitza en un intens i recurrent front de densitat localitzat a l'extrem oriental del gir anticil onic de l'Oest (WAG, de les seves sigles en angl es) d'estructura molt similar a l'habitual front d'Almeria-Or a. Alb500 simula de forma precisa el proc es de FG d'aquest front, provocat per l'augment de tensi o del camp de velocitat geostr o ca super cial, aix com la generaci o de la circulaci o secund aria ageostr o ca associada al front, amb episodis d'intens moviment vertical descendent (en angl es, downwelling) assolint velocitats de l'ordre d'1 km per dia. El camp de velocitat vertical que mostra l'an alisi de la simulaci o Alb500 suggereix que els moviments verticals a la Mar d'Alboran podrien ser causats per altres tipus de perturbacions de submesoescala, tals com inestabilitats dins la capa de mescla, efectes de la marea, o b e ones internes d'origen topogr a c. L'exploraci o d'aquests mecanismes i de les seves posibles interaccions no es l'objectiu d'aquesta Tesi, si b e la futura i exhaustiva an alisi de la simulaci o Alb500 mitjan cant t ecniques Lagrangianes preten profunditzar en el coneixement d'aquests processos.
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Meyouhas, Sela Mordechai. « Sonar systems performance in the Mediterranean Sea ». Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/43337.

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Livres sur le sujet "Mediterraean Sea"

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Prevost, John F. Mediterranean Sea. Minneapolis, Minn : Abdo Pub. Co., 2003.

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Green, Jen. Mediterranean Sea. Milwaukee, WI : World Almanac Library, 2006.

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Goffredo, Stefano, et Zvy Dubinsky, dir. The Mediterranean Sea. Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-6704-1.

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Saliot, Alain, dir. The Mediterranean Sea. Berlin, Heidelberg : Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/b10721.

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Borzelli, Gian Luca Eusebi, Miroslav Gačić, Piero Lionello et Paola Malanotte-Rizzoli, dir. The Mediterranean Sea. Oxford : John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118847572.

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Taylor, L. R. The Mediterranean Sea. Woodbridge, Conn : Blackbirch Press, 1999.

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P, Malanotte-Rizzoli, et Robinson Allan R, dir. The Mediterranean sea. Amsterdam : Elsevier, 1991.

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David, Lambert. The Mediterranean Sea. Austin, Tex : Raintree Steck-Vaughn, 1997.

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Arad, V. Mediterranean-Dead Sea project. Jerusalem : Geological Survey of Israel, 1990.

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Arad, V. Mediterranean-Dead Sea project. Jerusalem : Geological Survey of Israel, 1990.

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Chapitres de livres sur le sujet "Mediterraean Sea"

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Soyer, Jacques. « Mediterranean Sea Meiobenthos ». Dans Mediterranean Marine Ecosystems, 85–108. Boston, MA : Springer US, 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-2248-9_5.

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Tovar-Sánchez, Antonio, David Sánchez-Quiles et Araceli Rodríguez-Romero. « The Mediterranean Sea ». Dans The Handbook of Environmental Chemistry, 131–61. Cham : Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/698_2019_443.

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Borzelli, Gian Luca Eusebi, Paola Malanotte-Rizzoli, Miroslav Gačić et Piero Lionello. « Introduction toThe Mediterranean Sea ». Dans The Mediterranean Sea, 1–3. Oxford : John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118847572.ch1.

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Roether, Wolfgang, Birgit Klein et Dagmar Hainbucher. « The Eastern Mediterranean Transient ». Dans The Mediterranean Sea, 75–83. Oxford : John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118847572.ch6.

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Khalil, Emad. « Mediterranean Sea : Maritime Archaeology ». Dans Encyclopedia of Global Archaeology, 6958–64. Cham : Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-30018-0_599.

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Khalil, Emad. « Mediterranean Sea : Maritime Archaeology ». Dans Encyclopedia of Global Archaeology, 4750–56. New York, NY : Springer New York, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-0465-2_599.

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Canals, Miquel, Isabel Cacho, Laurent Carozza, José Luis Casamor, Galderic Lastras et Anna Sànchez-Vidal. « The Western Mediterranean Sea ». Dans Submerged Landscapes of the European Continental Shelf, 301–40. Oxford, UK : John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118927823.ch12.

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Di Geronimo, I., A. Rosso, R. La Perna et R. Sanfilippo. « Deep-sea (250–1,550 m) Benthic Thanatocoenoses from the Southern Tyrrhenian Sea ». Dans Mediterranean Ecosystems, 277–87. Milano : Springer Milan, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-88-470-2105-1_36.

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Cecere, E., G. Fanelli, A. Petrocelli et O. D. Saracino. « Changes in Seaweed Biodiversity of the Gargano Coast (Adriatic Sea, Mediterranean Sea) ». Dans Mediterranean Ecosystems, 347–51. Milano : Springer Milan, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-88-470-2105-1_45.

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Laubier, Lucien. « Mediterranean Sea and Humans : Improving a Conflictual Partnership ». Dans The Mediterranean Sea, 3–27. Berlin, Heidelberg : Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/b107142.

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Actes de conférences sur le sujet "Mediterraean Sea"

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Fahim, M. S. « Gas Exploration in Mediterranean Sea, Egypt ». Dans 2nd EAGE North African/Mediterranean Petroleum & Geosciences Conference & Exhibition. European Association of Geoscientists & Engineers, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.3997/2214-4609-pdb.11.b10.

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Cavaleri, Luigi, et Luciana Bertotti. « The Mediterranean Sea Wave Forecasting System ». Dans 23rd International Conference on Coastal Engineering. New York, NY : American Society of Civil Engineers, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/9780872629332.009.

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Axaopoulos, P., S. Sofianos, Angelos Angelopoulos et Takis Fildisis. « Long Term Variability of Sea Surface Temperature in Mediterranean Sea ». Dans ORGANIZED BY THE HELLENIC PHYSICAL SOCIETY WITH THE COOPERATION OF THE PHYSICS DEPARTMENTS OF GREEK UNIVERSITIES : 7th International Conference of the Balkan Physical Union. AIP, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3322579.

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Osman, H., et M. Neyazy. « Off-Shore Mediterranean Sea Oil Potential, Egypt ». Dans 1st EAGE North African/Mediterranean Petroleum & Geosciences Conference & Exhibition. European Association of Geoscientists & Engineers, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.3997/2214-4609-pdb.8.t032.

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Goldsmith, Victor, et Michal Gilboa. « Mediterranean Sea Level Changes from Tidal Records ». Dans 20th International Conference on Coastal Engineering. New York, NY : American Society of Civil Engineers, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/9780872626003.017.

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Pyett, M., et A. El Morshedy. « Egypt’s West Mediterranean Sea – An Exploration Opportunity ». Dans Eastern Mediterranean Workshop 2018. Netherlands : EAGE Publications BV, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.3997/2214-4609.201803037.

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Eldeberky, Y., A. Metwally, K. Rakha et L. Cavaleri. « Wave Hindcast in the Eastern Mediterranean Sea ». Dans ASME 2002 21st International Conference on Offshore Mechanics and Arctic Engineering. ASMEDC, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2002-28256.

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Wave hindcast is widely used to assess the wave conditions in both offshore and nearshore regions. A third generation ocean wind-wave model is implemented to hindcast the wave climate in the eastern Mediterranean Sea offshore Egypt coastline. The effects of the spatial grid resolution, the model physics, and input wind fields are examined using results of wave hindcast. Model results of wave hindcast during two selected storms are compared against wave observations offshore the Egyptian and Italian coasts as well as remotely sensed wave height data recorded by TOPEX satellite in the eastern Mediterranean Sea. Sensitivity computations are performed to confirm that a spatial grid with 0.5° resolution is adequate for assessment of wave conditions in the open sea (deep water). In intermediate water near the coast, a spatial grid with 0.25° resolution is required to take into account the local bathymetry and coastal details. The model-data comparisons recommend the use of Tolman and Chalikov (1996) parameterizations, for the wave input and dissipation terms, and the NCEP wind fields for wave hindcast in the eastern Mediterranean Sea.
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Soukissian, Takvor, Panagiotis Axaopoulos et Flora Karathanasi. « Offshore wind power in the Mediterranean Sea using Blended Sea Winds ». Dans OCEANS 2015 - Genova. IEEE, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/oceans-genova.2015.7271357.

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Cavaleri, Luigi, Luciana Bertotti, Jose E. de Luis et Piero Lionello. « The Wams Model Applied to the Mediterranean Sea ». Dans 21st International Conference on Coastal Engineering. New York, NY : American Society of Civil Engineers, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/9780872626874.041.

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Cavaleri, Luigi, et Mauro Sclavo. « WIND AND WAVE CLIMATE IN THE MEDITERRANEAN SEA ». Dans Proceedings of the 5th Coastal Structures International Conference, CSt07. World Scientific Publishing Company, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/9789814282024_0157.

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Rapports d'organisations sur le sujet "Mediterraean Sea"

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Pavan, Gianni. Bioacoustic Characterization of the Mediterranean Sea. Fort Belvoir, VA : Defense Technical Information Center, septembre 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada418177.

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Calafat, Franciso Mir, Thomas Frederikse, Kevin Horsburgh et Nadim Dayoub. Mediterranean sea-level reconstruction spanning 1960-2018. EuroSea, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.3289/eurosea_d5.2.

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We have used spatiotemporal Bayesian methods to produce statistically rigorous estimates of sea-level trends in the Mediterranean Sea since 1960 by combining tide gauge and satellite altimetry data. Furthermore, we have also quantified the contributions from sterodynamic sea-level change, land-mass changes and glacial isostatic adjustment to the trends.
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Poulain, Pierre-Marie. Circulation in the Southeastern Mediterranean Sea (EGITTO-NICOP). Fort Belvoir, VA : Defense Technical Information Center, septembre 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada631056.

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Poulain, Pierre-Marie. Circulation in the Southeastern Mediterranean Sea (EGITTO-NICOP). Fort Belvoir, VA : Defense Technical Information Center, septembre 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada573199.

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Lobree, Shawn W. Future Naval Presence for the Mediterranean and Black Sea Basins. Fort Belvoir, VA : Defense Technical Information Center, mai 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada426041.

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Martin, Paul J., et Richard M. Hodur. Mean COAMPS Air-Sea Fluxes Over the Mediterranean During 1999. Fort Belvoir, VA : Defense Technical Information Center, septembre 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada418788.

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Coppola, L., et E. Diamond Riquier. Sensor implementation on Eulerian Obs. EuroSea, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.3289/eurosea_d3.6.

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Canadas, Ana. Beaked Whales and Pilot Whales in the Alboran Sea SW Mediterranean. Fort Belvoir, VA : Defense Technical Information Center, septembre 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada598384.

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Agnesi, S., A. Annunziatellis, G. Mo et J. Reker. Applying modelled broad scale habitat maps in MPA network evaluations - the western Mediterranean Sea case study. Natural Resources Canada/ESS/Scientific and Technical Publishing Services, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/305402.

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Kara, A. B., Robert W. Helber et Alan J. Wallcraft. Evaluations of Threshold and Curvature Mixed Layer Depths by Various Mixing Schemes in the Mediterranean Sea. Fort Belvoir, VA : Defense Technical Information Center, janvier 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada522742.

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