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1

Nepal, Manisha, Vanita Gautam, Snigdha Shubham, Rupam Tripathi, and Rinku Sah. "An Insight into Anatomical Variations in Maxillary Molars: A Case Series." Journal of Universal College of Medical Sciences 6, no. 2 (December 3, 2018): 76–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jucms.v6i2.22502.

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The aim of this article is to show different anatomic complexities of the root canal system related to maxillary molars. Maxillary molars are presumed to have only three roots with three canals but this is not always the case, it might present with different variations. Some of the anatomical variations such as, mesiobuccal2 (MB2) canals in maxillary 1st and 2nd molars, two rooted maxillary 1st and 2nd molar, one rooted maxillary 2nd molar, C-shaped upper 2nd molar and maxillary 2nd molar with extra palatal root are reported in this case series. Hence, in treating each tooth every dentist must
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Singh, Shishir, and Mansing Pawar. "Root canal morphology of South Asian Indian maxillary molar teeth." European Journal of Dentistry 09, no. 01 (January 2015): 133–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/1305-7456.149662.

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ABSTRACT Objective: The objective was to study the root canal morphology of South Asian Indian Maxillary molars using a tooth clearing technique. Materials and Methods: Hundred teeth each comprising of first, second, and third molars collected from different dental schools and clinics in India were subjected to standard dye penetration, decalcification and clearing procedure before being studied. Results: The first molar mesiobuccal roots exhibited 69% Type I, 24% Type II, 4% Type IV, 2% Type V, and 1% exhibited a Vertuccis Type VIII canal anatomy. In the group with three separate roots the se
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Jafarzadeh, Hamid, Zahed Mohammadi, Sousan Shalavi, and Shilpa Bandi. "Root and Root Canal Morphology of Human Third Molar Teeth." Journal of Contemporary Dental Practice 16, no. 4 (2015): 310–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.5005/jp-journals-10024-1681.

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ABSTRACT Successful root canal treatment depends on having comprehensive information regarding the root(s)/canal(s) anatomy. Dentists may have some complication in treatment of third molars because the difficulty in their access, their aberrant occlusal anatomy and different patterns of eruption. The aim of this review was to review and address the number of roots and root canals in third molars, prevalence of confluent canals in third molars, C-shaped canals, dilaceration and fusion in third molars, autotransplantation of third molars and endodontic treatment strategies for third molars. How
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Gupta, Ashu, Saroj Thakur, Vishal Sharma, Anshu Minocha, Bhanu Singh, and Rambhika Thakur. "Radix Entomolaris: An Endodontic Challenge." Dental Journal of Advance Studies 01, no. 01 (April 2013): 058–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1670598.

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AbstractVariation of root canal anatomy is always a challenge for accurate diagnosis and successful endodontic therapy. A thorough knowledge of most common anatomic characteristics and their possible variations is essential for the clinician. The hard tissue repository of the human dental pulp takes on numerous configurations and shapes. These aberrations occur so often that they can be considered as normal anatomy. Radix Entomolaris (RE) is one such aberration where an extra root is present on the distolingual aspect of mandibular first molar (molar with 3 roots). This article presents two ca
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Genaro, Luis Eduardo, Gabriely Ferreira, Marcelo Brito Conte, Marcela de Almeida Gonçalves, and Ticiana Sidorenko Oliveira Capote. "Morphological Differences between the First and Second Permanent Upper Molars." Journal of Morphological Sciences 36, no. 04 (September 19, 2019): 303–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0039-1695756.

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AbstractThe dental elements present similar and specific anatomical features, depending on the functions they have in the oral cavity. The permanent molars are the most complex structures, mainly the occlusal face, due to their function of food grinding. The aim of the present article is to present the upper first and second molars morphology, emphasizing the similarities and differences between them. Besides, the upper first and second molars of the collection of the Department of Morphology of Universidade Estadual de Paulista (UNESP), School of Dentistry, Araraquara, were evaluated regardin
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Kumar, Rahul, Nishant Gandhi, Roshan Shetty, and Anuradha Patil. "Radix Entomolaris." Journal of Contemporary Dentistry 2, no. 1 (2012): 33–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.5005/jcd-2-1-33.

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Abstract Variation of root canal anatomy is always a challenge for accurate diagnosis and successful endodontic therapy. A thorough knowledge of most common anatomic characteristics and their possible variations is essential for the clinician. The hard tissue repository of the human dental pulp takes on numerous confi gurations and shapes. These aberrations occur so often that they can be considered as normal anatomy. Radix entomolaris (RE) is one such aberration where an extra root is present on the distolingual aspect of mandibular first molar (molar with 3 roots). This article presents one
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Froehlich, David J., and Jon E. Kalb. "Internal reconstruction of elephantid molars: applications for functional anatomy and systematics." Paleobiology 21, no. 3 (1995): 379–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0094837300013361.

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The unique manner in which molars from members of the family Elephantidae erupt in the jaw and wear obliquely and sequentially has profound effects upon dental function and phylogenetic change within the group. Three-dimensional modeling using a “molar matrix” of elephantid dentition, and application of such models to systematic and functional studies, allows a more refined description of dental morphology. A method of examining variation within elephantid teeth is presented based on successive staging of worn molars. Results indicate that individual plates exhibit increasingly derived feature
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Felsypremila, Gnanasekaran, Thilla Sekar Vinothkumar, and Deivanayagam Kandaswamy. "Anatomic symmetry of root and root canal morphology of posterior teeth in Indian subpopulation using cone beam computed tomography: A retrospective study." European Journal of Dentistry 09, no. 04 (October 2015): 500–507. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/1305-7456.172623.

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ABSTRACT Objective: To investigate the anatomic symmetry of maxillary and mandibular posteriors in Indian subpopulation using cone beam computed tomography (CBCT). Materials and Methods: CBCT images of 246 patients that had at least one noncarious, posterior tooth free of restorations in each quadrant were enrolled for retrospective analysis. A total of 3015 teeth (811 maxillary premolars, 845 mandibular premolars, 738 maxillary molars, and 621 mandibular molars) were analyzed for number of roots and root canals, canal morphology and anatomic symmetry, and concurrent types between the maxilla
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BARBIZAM, J., R. RIBEIRO, and M. FILHO. "Unusual Anatomy of Permanent Maxillary Molars." Journal of Endodontics 30, no. 9 (September 2004): 668–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/01.don.0000121618.45515.5a.

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Acharya, N., A. Singh, PS Samant, and V. Gautam. "Endodontic Management of Radix Paramolaris with Six Canals: A Clinical Case Report." Kathmandu University Medical Journal 11, no. 4 (September 23, 2015): 338–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/kumj.v11i4.13480.

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Endodontic therapy of mandibular molars is a challenging task due to its varied root canal morphology. A mandibular first molar with additional buccal root (Radix paramolaris) and additional distolingual root (Radix Entomolaris) is an example of its varied anatomy. A successful management of atypical root canal configurations is an important aspect in determining the success rate of root canal therapy. The detail knowledge of the root morphology and canal anatomy allows the clinician for accurate location of the extra roots and canals and accordingly the refinement of the access cavity for the
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Cucina, Andrea, Elma Vega Lizama, Marco Ramírez, G. Alvarado Cárdenas, and Vera Tiesler. "Morphology of Root and C-Shape Canal in Prehispanic and Modern Maya Groups from Northern Yucatan." Dental Anthropology Journal 21, no. 2-3 (September 2, 2018): 46–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.26575/daj.v21i2-3.101.

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One-rooted mandibular second molars arelabelled “C-molar” because of the root’s morphology.The frequency of C-molars is strongly associatedwith ethnic origin, being most common in North-EastAsians. The present study analyzed the frequency ofone-rooted molars and associated pulpal chamber in 48Prehispanic Mayans and in 142 modern subjects studiedat the School of Endodontics, UADY. The frequency ofone-rooted molars in the Prehispanic sample is 35%,with 32% of these having C-canals. Similarly, 42 of 142 (30%) modern teeth exhibit a C-canal. The similaritybetween ancient and modern samples suggest
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Chaudhary, Devendra, Niti Shah, Abhishek Bansal, Navneet Kukreja, and Hitesh Nagarth. "Missed Canals can Never be Missed-CT In Endodontics: A Series of Case Reports." Dental Journal of Advance Studies 03, no. 02 (August 2015): 118–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1672025.

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AbstractAberrations in the root canal anatomy are a commonly occurring phenomenon. A thorough knowledge of the basic root canal anatomy and its variations is necessary for successful completion of the endodontic treatment. The maxillary molars has fascinated researchers and clinicians for a variety of reasons. Endodontically, these are the most misunderstood teeth, and presents a variety of considerations for the treating practitioner. This case report presents the endodontic management of a maxillary first molar with five roots and five canals and another case of maxillary third molar with fo
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Misic, Aleksandra, Suzana Zivanovic, Mirjana Radovic, Milos Papic, and Milica Popovic. "Unusual anatomy of permanent maxillary and mandibular molars: Case reports." Srpski arhiv za celokupno lekarstvo 147, no. 7-8 (2019): 475–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/sarh190305062m.

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Introduction. The anatomy and morphology of the roots and root canal systems of multi-rooted teeth, especially the molars, shows numerous variations. Preoperative radiography, in particular cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT), has exceptional significance in detecting anatomical variations and unusual root canal morphologies, which are extremely important to be familiar with in order to undertake successful endodontic therapy and minimize procedural errors. Outline of cases. This report presents cases of incidental diagnosis of an unusual root anatomy and root canal morphology of permanent mo
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Deepalakshmi, Mohanavelu, Chellasamy Savarimala Karumaran, Revathi Miglani, and Rajamani Indira. "Independent and Confluent Middle Mesial Root Canals in Mandibular First Molars: A Report of Four Cases." Case Reports in Dentistry 2012 (2012): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/103125.

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Mandibular molars demonstrate considerable variations with respect to number of roots and root canals. The possibility of additional root canals should be considered even in teeth with a low frequency of abnormal root canal anatomy. This paper discusses the endodontic management of the rare anatomical complexity middle mesial canals in mandibular first molar and also serves to remind the clinicians that such anatomical variations should be taken into account during the endodontic treatment of the mandibular molars.
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Ana Clélia Roussenq Baracho, Eun Sol Cho, Nayara Ramos de Almeida Torres, Thiago Gomes da Silva, and Antonio Adilson Soares de Lima. "Morphology Analysis of Human Fourth Molars Using Computed Microtomography - Pilot Study." Brazilian Journal of Forensic Sciences, Medical Law and Bioethics 9, no. 4 (September 28, 2020): 570–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.17063/bjfs9(4)y2020570-581.

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Analyze the morphological characteristics of fourth molars from non-syndromic patients using computed microtomography (microCT). Five human fourth molars (case group) and other three third molars (control group) were obtain from Biobank of UFPR Dentistry School. The teeth were submitted to macroscopic and microCT analysis. Sample characteristics: 60% of the teeth from the lower arch, mainly from the right lower arch (40%). The results showed that eighty percent of the teeth were impacted and all of them presented normal morphology. The microCT revealed that one of the fourth molars had hyperce
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Joshi, Neelam, Anshula Deshpande, KS Poonacha, Seema Bargale, Kishan Naik, and Dimple Mehta. "Cone Beam Computed Tomography Evaluation of Root Canal Anatomy in Primary Molars: An in vitro Study." International Journal of Clinical Dentistry and Research 1, no. 1 (2017): 15–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.5005/jp-journals-10060-0004.

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ABSTRACT Introduction Endodontic treatment requires knowledge of root canal morphology and its commonly occurring variation. The utility and relevance of cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) to the practice of endodontics is reported with increasing frequency in the field of endodontics for successful procedures. Therefore, the present study is undertaken to assess the variation in number and morphology of the root canals of primary molars. Materials and methods Extracted primary molars with at least two-thirds of intact root, and 7 to 12 mm length were cleaned in water and stored in 0.5% sodi
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Badole, Gautam P., Rakesh N. Bahadure, M. M. Warhadpande, and Rajesh Kubde. "A Rare Root Canal Configuration of Maxillary Second Molar: A Case Report." Case Reports in Dentistry 2012 (2012): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/767582.

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A thorough knowledge of root canal morphology is a prerequisite for the endodontic therapy. The maxillary molars, especially the second molars, have the most complicated root canal system in permanent dentition. There are many variations in canal number and configuration in maxillary molars. Treatment may be unsuccessful because the dentist may fail to recognize the unusual canal configuration. The present paper describes a case of a right maxillary second molar with a canal configuration rarely reported in the literature. The tooth had four roots with four root canals, two individual palatal
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Fabra-Campos, Hipólito. "Unusual root anatomy of mandibular first molars." Journal of Endodontics 11, no. 12 (December 1985): 568–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0099-2399(85)80204-1.

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MANNING, S. A. "Root canal anatomy of mandibular second molars." International Endodontic Journal 23, no. 1 (January 1990): 40–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2591.1990.tb00801.x.

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Khawaja, Naveen, Suneel Kumar Punjabi, and Munir Ahmed Banglani. "ROOT CANAL MORPHOLOGY;." Professional Medical Journal 24, no. 04 (April 6, 2017): 617–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.29309/tpmj/2017.24.04.1451.

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Morphological features of mandibular 3rd molar are always unpredictable, andshow a discrepancy by way of different individual. Nevertheless, restorative, prosthetic andorthodontic concerns of these mandibular third molars require root canal treatment in turn topreserve functional elements in the jaw. The variation in the root canal anatomy presents clinicalchallenges and difficulties for clinician to undertake endodontic therapy. Therefore it’s veryessential for practitioners must have adequate knowledge of the internal morphology of rootcanal system, use all techniques, equipments is mandator
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Scarparo, Roberta Kochenborger, Letícia Pereira, Diana Moro, Grasiela Gründling, Maximiliano Gomes, and Fabiana Soares Grecca. "Morphologic Variations of Maxillary Molars Palatal Root and the Importance of Its Knowledge for Endodontic Practice: A Case Series." Journal of Contemporary Dental Practice 12, no. 2 (2011): 138–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.5005/jp-journals-10024-1024.

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ABSTRACT Aim The present report describes and discusses root canal variations in the internal morphology of maxillary molars. Background Dental internal anatomy is directly related to all the technical stages of the endodontic treatment. Even though, in some situations a typical anatomical characteristics can be faced, and the professional should be able to identify them. Case descriptions This clinical report describes five cases with different pulpar and periapical diagnostics where the endodontic treatment was performed, in which during the treatment the unusual occurrence of two or three c
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Fristad, I., K. J. Heyeraas, I. H. Kvinnsland, and R. Jonsson. "Recruitment of immunocompetent cells after dentinal injuries in innervated and denervated young rat molars: an immunohistochemical study." Journal of Histochemistry & Cytochemistry 43, no. 9 (September 1995): 871–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/43.9.7543913.

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The dental pulp represents a peripheral end-organ deprived of a collateral nerve supply. After inferior alveolar nerve (IAN) axotomy, rat molar pulp is denervated over a period of at least 6 days. Therefore, rat molar pulp was used as an experimental model to study the effect of sensory nerve fibers on influx of immunocompetent cells after dentinal injury. In the present study we performed a quantitative analysis of CD43+, CD4+, CD11b+, and I-A antigen-expressing cells subjacent to dentinal cavities in denervated and innervated first mandibular molars. For visualization of nerve fibers, antibo
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Terada, Kazuto, Takashi Kameda, Ikuo Kageyama, and Makoto Sakamoto. "Estimation of three-dimensional long axes of the maxillary and mandibular first molars with regression analysis." Anatomical Science International 95, no. 1 (October 25, 2019): 126–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12565-019-00506-1.

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Abstract The purpose of this study was to determine the long axes of molars with multiple roots through ordinary least squares regression (LSR) and to compare them with the axes defined by principal component analysis (PCA). Three-dimensional radiological images of 20 dry skulls were obtained by cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT). Data from maxillary and mandibular first molars were extracted from the CBCT DICOM data with a three-dimensional image visualization system. The obtained data were reconstructed, converted to STL files, and three-dimensional coordinate values were extracted. The lo
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Umashankar, KV, NB Radhika, and TS Satisha TS. "Third Root (Radix Entomolaris) In Permanent Mandibular First Molars in Pediatric Patients – An Endodontic Challenge." Journal of Oral Health and Community Dentistry 5, no. 1 (January 2011): 49–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.5005/johcd-5-1-49.

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ABSTRACT The study of root and root canal anatomy of molars in children is important for pediatric practice successfull. Normally the permanent mandibular first molar has two roots, one mesial and the other distal. Rarely an additional third root is seen, which is found distolingually and called as Radix Entomolaris. This extra root is typically smaller than the distobuccal root and is usually curved, requiring special attention when root canal treatment is being considered for such a tooth. The aim of the present paper is to present two cases of permanent mandibular first molars with an addit
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Khosravifard, Negar, Zahra Dalili Kajan, and Homayoon Hasanpoor. "Cone beam computed tomographic survey of the mesiobuccal root canal anatomy in the maxillary first and second molar teeth of an Iranian population." European Journal of Dentistry 12, no. 03 (July 2018): 422–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/ejd.ejd_60_18.

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ABSTRACT Objective: The objective of this study was to evaluate the mesiobuccal (MB) root canal(s) anatomy of the maxillary first and second molar teeth in an Iranian population. Materials and Methods: Cone beam computed tomography images of 280 teeth (145 maxillary first molars and 135 maxillary second molars) were analyzed to determine the number and types of the MB root canals. Chi-square test was used to examine the relationship between the number of MB canals and sex and Mann–Whitney analysis was used to define the relationship between the number of canals and the buccopalatal dimension o
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Mohara, Nelson Tsutomu, Marcelo Santos Coelho, Nathalia Valle de Queiroz, Marcelle Louise Sposito Borreau, Marko Massao Nishioka, Adriana de Jesus Soares та Marcos Frozoni. "Root Anatomy and Canal Configuration of Maxillary Molars in a Brazilian Subpopulation: A 125-μm Cone-Beam Computed Tomographic Study". European Journal of Dentistry 13, № 01 (лютий 2019): 082–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0039-1688736.

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Abstract Objective Knowledge of internal anatomy of the teeth is of great importance in endodontics, leading to success in root canal therapy (RCT). The aim of this study was to assess the root anatomy and canal configuration of maxillary molars in a Brazilian subpopulation using tomographic images using a voxel size of 125 μm. Materials and Methods This in vivo retrospective study assessed 651 cone-beam computed tomographic scans from 328 maxillary first molars and 323 maxillary second molars. The images were assessed by two endodontists and an oral radiologist. Only permanent molars with ful
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Martins, Jorge N. R., António Mata, Duarte Marques, and João Caramês. "Prevalence of C-shaped mandibular molars in the Portuguese population evaluated by cone-beam computed tomography." European Journal of Dentistry 10, no. 04 (October 2016): 529–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/1305-7456.195175.

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ABSTRACT Objective: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of first and second C-shaped mandibular molars in a Western European population of Portuguese Caucasians. Materials and Methods: Patients having both routine panoramic radiograph and presurgical cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) exams were selected. The CBCT examination was performed at five different axial levels and the mandibular molars were classified as C-shape according to the Fan criteria. Differences between genders, age groups, left and right side, type of tooth, and root concavity side were determined. Th
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Prasad, Ashwini B., Deepak Raisingani, Deeksha Khurana, Prachi Mital, Harshit Srivastava, and Pooja Sen. "Maxillary Second Molar with a Rare Palatal Root Canal Morphology: A Case Report." Journal of Mahatma Gandhi University of Medical Sciences and Technology 5, no. 1 (2020): 23–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.5005/jp-journals-10057-0118.

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ABSTRACT Knowledge of the root canal anatomy and its variations is essential for successful completion of the endodontic treatment. Root canal treatment of maxillary second molars with aberrant canal configuration can be challenging. The incidence of two palatal canals in a palatal root is quite rare in maxillary molars. The novel diagnostic aids such as cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) help in the successful management of such cases. This case report describes the successful diagnosis and treatment of a maxillary second molar with two palatal canals, merging at the apical third of the roo
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Razumova, Svetlana, Anzhela Brago, Lamara Khaskhanova, Ammar Howijieh, Haydar Barakat, and Ashot Manvelyan. "A Cone-Beam Computed Tomography Scanning of the Root Canal System of Permanent Teeth among the Moscow Population." International Journal of Dentistry 2018 (September 25, 2018): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/2615746.

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Background. Successful endodontic treatment requires a significant knowledge of root canal anatomy. The aim of this study was to evaluate the root and root canal number of permanent teeth among the Moscow population using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) scanning. Materials and methods. 300 CBCT images of subjects were analyzed to study the anatomy of roots and root canal system of each tooth. The collected data were analyzed using IBM SPSS statistics software 22.0 version. Results. The maxillary incisors and canines had one root with one canal in 100%. Maxillary premolars had one root wit
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Santana, Ronaldo B., M. Ilhan Uzel, Heloisa Gusman, Yilmaz Gunaydin, Judith A. Jones, and Cataldo W. Leone. "Morphometric Analysis of the Furcation Anatomy of Mandibular Molars." Journal of Periodontology 75, no. 6 (June 2004): 824–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1902/jop.2004.75.6.824.

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MANNING, S. A. "Root canal anatomy of mandibular second molars. Part I." International Endodontic Journal 23, no. 1 (January 1990): 34–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2591.1990.tb00800.x.

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BATBAYAR, Nomintsetseg, Takashi KAMEDA, Natsuki SANO-SEKIKAWA, and Kazuto TERADA. "Crown shape of maxillary molars with delayed eruption." Okajimas Folia Anatomica Japonica 93, no. 3 (2016): 89–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.2535/ofaj.93.89.

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Acharya, Nisha, Durga Paudel, and Anil Chakradhar. "Incidence of Four Canals in Permanent Mandibular First Molar in Patients Attending Dhulikhel Hospital." Journal of College of Medical Sciences-Nepal 14, no. 1 (March 30, 2018): 53–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jcmsn.v14i1.18707.

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Background & Objectives:The success of root canal therapy greatly depends upon the proper cleaning, shaping and three dimensional sealing. Besides these, the locations of all the canals, is mandatory to achieve the rationale of endodontic therapy. Hence, variation in root canal anatomy has clinical significance. The objective of this study was to assess the presence of four root canals in permanent mandibular first molars in patients attending Dhulikhel Hospital.Materials & Methods:The clinical and radiographic examination of one hundred and nine permanent mandibular first molars, unde
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Visser, Chris J. "Coronal access of the Canine Dentition." Journal of Veterinary Dentistry 8, no. 4 (December 1991): 12–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/089875649100800403.

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Access preparation for endodontic treatment should be very exact, and knowledge of the anatomy of the teeth is a very important requirement for success. The use of radiographs is indispensable and should be used throughout endodontic treatment. The purpose of this paper is to discuss and illustrate correct coronal access for endodontic treatment in regard to the anatomy of the endodontic system. The most common teeth that require endodontic treatment are the canines, fourth maxillary premolars, first mandibular molars, incisors, and then the remaining premolars and molars. Special emphasis wil
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Kharouf, Naji, Youssef Haïkel, and Davide Mancino. "Unusual Maxillary First Molars with C-Shaped Morphology on the Same Patient: Variation in Root Canal Anatomy." Case Reports in Dentistry 2019 (October 22, 2019): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/1857289.

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A maxillary first molar should be considered a four-canal tooth until proved otherwise; however, a clinician should also be aware of the possibility of the presence of C-shaped root canal configuration with or without possibility of splitting into two or three canals. The two clinical cases reported in this paper describe the endodontic treatment of two maxillary first molars, on the same patient, with uncommon anatomy: the first case is about a maxillary first molar with only one C-shaped root and one oval canal with a large buccolingual diameter, a C1 type according to Fan’s classification;
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Shalabi, R. M. Al, O. E. Omer J Glennon, M. Jennings, and N. M. Claffey. "Root canal anatomy of maxillary first and second permanent molars." International Endodontic Journal 33, no. 5 (September 2000): 405–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2591.2000.00221.x.

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Matsuda, Hiroyuki, Ali Borzabadi-Farahani, and Bach T. Le. "Three-Dimensional Alveolar Bone Anatomy of the Maxillary First Molars." Implant Dentistry 25, no. 3 (June 2016): 367–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/id.0000000000000430.

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Pawar, AjinkyaM, and Shishir Singh. "New classification for pulp chamber floor anatomy of human molars." Journal of Conservative Dentistry 23, no. 5 (2020): 430. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/jcd.jcd_477_20.

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Shenoi, Pratima R., Rajesh Kubde, Gautam P. Badole, and Pooja Singare. "Variant Anatomy of Mandibular First Permanent Molar: A Case Series." Journal of Contemporary Dentistry 5, no. 2 (2015): 113–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.5005/jp-journals-10031-1119.

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ABSTRACT The advent of new dental imaging techniques and equipments, dental operating microscopes and loupes in endodontics have proved to be a boon for clinicians today. One of the causes of endodontic failure is missed canals. These technologies have greatly improved the ability to detect the presence of extra canals and thus seem to improve the success rate of endodontic treatment and the prognosis of endodontically treated tooth. The present article is a case series describing the endodontic management of two mandibular first permanent molars, one having two roots with six canals and other
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Lézot, Frédéric, Jean-Luc Davideau, Bethan Thomas, Paul Sharpe, Nadine Forest, and Ariane Berdal. "Epithelial Dlx-2 Homeogene Expression and Cementogenesis." Journal of Histochemistry & Cytochemistry 48, no. 2 (February 2000): 277–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/002215540004800213.

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The Dlx-2 (distal-less gene) homeoprotein transcription factor controls early tooth development but has not been studied during the late stages of biomineralization. Transgenic mice containing a Dlx-2/LacZ reporter construct were used to map the Dlx-2 expression pattern in cementoblasts, the dental cells most closely related to bone cells and therefore suggested to be uniquely positioned osteoblasts. During initial root formation, marked expression of Dlx-2 was evident in molar and incisor root epithelium, whereas dental papilla and follicle were negative. Dlx-2 was expressed in this epitheliu
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Yamada, Hiroyuki, and Tasman Brown. "Contours of maxillary molars studied in Australian Aboriginals." American Journal of Physical Anthropology 76, no. 3 (July 1988): 399–407. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ajpa.1330760311.

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Vaishnavi Devi B and Delphine Priscilla Antony S. "Prevalence of Canal Variations in Mandibular 1st Molar in South Indian Population and Association with Age and Gender." International Journal of Research in Pharmaceutical Sciences 11, SPL4 (December 20, 2020): 376–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.26452/ijrps.v11ispl4.3819.

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Mandibular first molars are amongst the most common teeth requiring endodontic treatment due to their early emergence in the oral cavity and subsequent caries. Proper knowledge and understanding of the root canal morphology and anatomy of mandibular first molars, will help the clinician in developing a proper and standard treatment protocol by predicting possible variations that potentially challenge the treatment outcome. The main objective of the present study was to know the prevalence of canal variations in mandibular 1st molar among the South Indian population and its association with age
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Ţuculină, Mihaela Jana, Sanda Mihaela Popescu, Marilena Bătăiosu, Constantin Dăguci, Cristian Marian Petcu, Horia Octavian Manolea, Ionela Teodora Dascălu, and Oana Andreea Diaconu. "The Importance of the Magnification Use for the Additional Root Canals Localization at the Second Maxillary Molars." Defect and Diffusion Forum 376 (July 2017): 89–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ddf.376.89.

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The aim of this study is to highlight the morphology of the second maxillary molars root canals and to draw a comparison between the data obtained with and without magnifying means. The study covered a total of 31 extracted human second maxillary molars. After being examined by a thorough physical exam and an X-ray examination, teeth were trepanned in the place of election. Thereby the access cavity was performed using: a) for the stage of pulp chamber ceiling penetration, a globular diamond bur for the turbine, b) for the stage of broadening access cavity, a cylindrical bur inactive in the he
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Yamada, H., and T. Brown. "Shape components of the maxillary molars in Australian Aboriginals." American Journal of Physical Anthropology 82, no. 3 (July 1990): 275–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ajpa.1330820306.

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Pampush, James D., Jordan Crowell, Aleksis Karme, Scott A. Macrae, Richard F. Kay, and Peter S. Ungar. "Technical note: Comparing dental topography software using platyrrhine molars." American Journal of Physical Anthropology 169, no. 1 (February 15, 2019): 179–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ajpa.23797.

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Kondo, Shintaro, Grant C. Townsend, and Hiroyuki Yamada. "Sexual dimorphism of cusp dimensions in human maxillary molars." American Journal of Physical Anthropology 128, no. 4 (2005): 870–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ajpa.20084.

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Singh, Mahesh P., Rizwan Qureshi, Santosh K. Singh, and Kriti Sharma. "Endodontic Management of a Rare Anatomic Variation of Radix Entomolaris in Mandibular First and Second Molar using Cone-beam Computed Tomography as a Diagnostic Aid." International Journal of Prosthodontics and Restorative Dentistry 7, no. 1 (2017): 30–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.5005/jp-journals-10019-1172.

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ABSTRACT Radix entomolaris (RE) is the presence of an extra root in the lingual aspect of the mandibular molars. This is a rare anatomic variant, prevalence of which ranges between 5.96 and 6.67% in the Indian population. For a successful endodontic management, detection of these extra roots is important. In conventional radiography, these extra roots tend to be overlapped; thus, cone- beam computed tomography (CBCT) provides a noninvasive technique to study the internal and external anatomy and aids in proper detection. The endodontic treatment of RE requires some modifications in the endodon
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Pawarti, Pawarti, and Fathiah Fathiah. "PERBEDAAN TOPICAL FLUORIDE APPLICATION DAN FISSURE SEALANT DALAM MENCEGAH KARIES PADAGIGI MOLAR SATU." Jurnal Vokasi Kesehatan 3, no. 2 (July 31, 2017): 98. http://dx.doi.org/10.30602/jvk.v3i2.112.

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Abstract: Topical Fluoride Application And Fissure Sealant To Prevent Dental Caries Permanent First Molars. Anatomy pits and fissures of teeth are caries initiation vulnerable areas of the permanent molars that grow at the age of 6 years where children can not perform oral hygiene. Caries prevention can be done by closing the pits and fissures or application of fluoride (topical fluoride application) on the surface of the teeth. The purpose of this study was to analyze the difference fissure sealants and topical application of fluoride to prevent dental caries of first permanent molars. This s
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Park, Jun-Beom, NamRyang Kim, Seojin Park, and Youngkyung Ko. "Evaluation of number of roots and root anatomy of permanent mandibular third molars in a Korean population, using cone-beam computed tomography." European Journal of Dentistry 07, no. 03 (July 2013): 296–301. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/1305-7456.115413.

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ABSTRACT Objective: The purpose of this study was to investigate the morphology and number of roots of Korean mandibular third molars, and to evaluate the prevalence of C-shaped, two-rooted, and three-rooted mandibular third molars using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT). Materials and Methods: Serial axial CBCT images of the mandibles were gathered from 137 Korean patients. The total number of roots in the mandibular third molars of these patients was measured, and both the incidence and the correlations between left- and right-side occurrences, as well as between males and females, were a
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Sana, U., I. U. Niazi, R. S. Din, M. Rasheed, I. Haider, and O. Yousaf. "Root. Canal. Morphology. of Mandibular. First. Permanent. Molars. in a Pakistani. Sub-population." Pakistan Journal of Medical and Health Sciences 15, no. 6 (June 30, 2021): 1314–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.53350/pjmhs211561314.

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Aim : To investigate the number and. patterns of. root canals. of mandibular. first. molars.. Methods.: Descriptive observational study to investigate the canal morphology using clearing technique. The duration of the study was one year from 1st February 2020 to 1st February 2021.Non purposive sampling technique was used and 200 mandibular first molar were collected. Data collected was analysed using the SPSS Vr 10. Study variables include Number and pattern of the roots in mandibular teeth. Descriptive statistics were used; frequencies of the root canals and their canal pattern were calculate
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