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Littérature scientifique sur le sujet « Motion pictures and history »

Auteur : Grafiati

Publié le 4 juin 2021

Mis à jour le 29 juillet 2024

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Articles de revues sur le sujet "Motion pictures and history"

Jennifer Tebbe-Grossman. « Medicine’s Motion Pictures ». Film & ; History : An Interdisciplinary Journal of Film and Television Studies 39, n^o 1 (2009) : 98–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/flm.0.0076.

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Heinemann, Julia. « Motion Pictures of the Royal Family ». French Historical Studies 44, n^o 2 (1 avril 2021) : 191–216. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/00161071-8806426.

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Abstract This article explores the role of letter writing in the political practice of the French royal family. By focusing on the use of letters exchanged by Henri III, François d'Anjou, and Catherine de’ Medici between 1574 and 1584, it analyzes how both kinship relations and notions of royal authority were negotiated and intertwined by letter. In a dynamic communication process, the correspondents discussed and framed familial relationships and political concepts. The letters were read, seen, and heard by a broader audience at court, thus transcending modern categories such as public and private, formal and informal, or intimate and official. The article argues that the correspondence produced specific, sometimes opposing pictures of the royal family that were supposed to be visible. This use of letters shaped social relations and political processes during the Wars of Religion in early modern France. Cet article traite du rôle de la correspondance dans les pratiques politiques de la famille royale française. En me concentrant sur l'usage des lettres par Henri III, François d'Anjou et leur mère Catherine de Médicis dans les années 1574–84, j'analyse comment les correspondants négocient ensemble les relations de parenté et les concepts politiques. La discussion et la modélisation de cette conception familiale de l'autorité royale par les lettres sont partie prenante d'un processus de communication dynamique. La fonction de ces lettres est d’être lues, vues et entendues à la cour. Ce faisant, cette communication outrepasse les divisions « modernes » entre le privé et le public, le formel et l'informel ou encore l'intime et l'officiel. Cet usage de l’écrit est spécifique aux relations sociales et aux processus politiques pendant les guerres de Religion à l’époque moderne.

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Swartz, Mark E. « Motion Pictures on the Move ». Journal of American Culture 9, n^o 4 (décembre 1986) : 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1542-734x.1986.0904_1.x.

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Oliver, Willard M. « Crime, History, and Hollywood : Learning Criminal Justice History through Major Motion Pictures ». Journal of Criminal Justice Education 22, n^o 3 (septembre 2011) : 420–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10511253.2010.519892.

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Joyce, Simon, et Jennifer Putzi. « “Greatest Combination in Motion Pictures” : Film History and the Division of Labor in the New York Motion Picture Company ». Film History : An International Journal 21, n^o 3 (septembre 2009) : 189–207. http://dx.doi.org/10.2979/fil.2009.21.3.189.

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Ayers, Lee. « Book Review : Crime, history, and Hollywood : Learning criminal justice history throughmajor motion pictures ». Criminal Justice Review 39, n^o 4 (25 juin 2014) : 459–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0734016814540302.

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Eckardt, Michael. « South African film history vs the history of motion pictures in South Africa ». South African Theatre Journal 25, n^o 1 (mars 2011) : 72–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10137548.2011.626961.

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Knight, Arthur. « Spotlight on Film : All the World's a Stage ». Media Information Australia 43, n^o 1 (février 1987) : 9–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1329878x8704300103.

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One phenomenon dominates the history of motion pictures: at one time or another, a single country has emerged as the most creative and vital source of film making on the international scene. It is almost as if a spotlight moved across the stages of the world, pausing now here, now there, to illuminate the work of an entire group of artists. This was perhaps understandable in the Soviet Union during the mid-Nineteen-Twenties, when a new government actively encouraged experimentation in all the arts, and particularly the art of the motion picture.

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ELLIS, PATRICK. « A cinema for the unborn : moving pictures, mental pictures and Electra Sparks's New Thought film theory ». British Journal for the History of Science 50, n^o 3 (septembre 2017) : 411–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0007087417000644.

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AbstractIn the 1910s, New York suffragette Electra Sparks wrote a series of essays in theMoving Picture Newsthat advocated for cine-therapy treatments for pregnant women. Film was, in her view, the great democratizer of beautiful images, providing high-cultural access to the city's poor. These positive ‘mental pictures’ were important for her because, she claimed, in order to produce an attractive, healthy child, the mother must be exposed to quality cultural material. Sparks's championing of cinema during its ‘second birth’ was founded upon the premise of New Thought. This metaphysical Christian doctrine existed alongside the self-help and esoteric publishing domains and testified, above all, to the possibility of the ‘mind-cure’ of the body through the positive application of ‘mental pictures’. Physiologically, their method began best in the womb, where the thoughts of the mother were of utmost importance: the eventual difference between birthing an Elephant Man or an Adonis. This positive maternal impression was commonplace in New Thought literature; it was Sparks's innovation to apply it to cinema. Investigating Sparks's film theory, practice and programming reveals her to be a harbinger of the abiding analogy between mind and motion picture that occupies film theorists to this day.

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Lee, Sangjoon. « Creating an anti-communist motion picture producers’ network in Asia : the Asia Foundation, Asia Pictures, and the Korean Motion Picture Cultural Association ». Historical Journal of Film, Radio and Television 37, n^o 3 (10 mars 2016) : 517–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01439685.2016.1157292.

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Thèses sur le sujet "Motion pictures and history"

Huggett, Nancy. « A cultural history of cinema-going in the Illawarra (1900-50) ». Connect to this title online, 2002. http://www.library.uow.edu.au/adt-NWU/public/adt-NWU20050317.111523/.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Wollongong, 2002.
Title from PDF title page (viewed on Aug. 14, 2005). Ill. in print version lacking in electronic version. Includes bibliographical references (p. 285-301).

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Galt, Rosalind. « Redrawing the map of Europe space, history and spectacle in new European cinema / ». [S.l. : s.n.], 2002. http://books.google.com/books?id=kV9ZAAAAMAAJ.

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Ryu, Jae Hyung. « Reality & ; effect a cultural history of visual effects / ». unrestricted, 2006. http://etd.gsu.edu/theses/available/etd-03292007-172937/.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Georgia State University, 2006.
Title from file title page. Ted Friedman, committee chair; Kathy Fuller-Seeley, Angelo Restivo, Jung-Bong Choi, Alisa Perren, committee members. Electronic text (249 p.) : digital, PDF file. Description based on contents viewed Oct. 29, 2007. Includes bibliographical references (p. 236-249).

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Williams, Danielle E. Winn J. Emmett. « Local motion picture exhibition in Auburn, for 1894-1928 a cultural history from a communication perspective / ». Auburn, Ala., 2004. http://repo.lib.auburn.edu/EtdRoot/2004/SUMMER/Communication_and_Journalism/Thesis/willide_31_Williams.pdf.

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Haywood, Keene McDonald. « Beyond Words : The Use of the Non-Verbal Genre in Natural History Filmmaking ». Thesis, Montana State University, 2007. http://etd.lib.montana.edu/etd/2007/haywood/HaywoodK0807.pdf.

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Natural history filmmaking has a history that begins with the advent of cinematography as a form of artistic and documentary expression. Natural history filmmaking has increasingly used techniques of fiction, drama and anthropomorphizing to represent the natural world in storytelling. This paper will examine the use of the nonverbal form of filmmaking as an alternative style that can be used to effectively document natural history using a more lyrical, poetic and often more thoughtful style. This work examines previous works in the non-verbal genre and discusses how this style compares with historically more traditional natural history films and why this alternative style is used for the thesis film. Additionally, works from the disciplines of geography and natural history writing are examined for relevance to the non-verbal natural history filmmaking genre.

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Pang, Lai Kwan. « China's left-wing cinema movement, 1932-1937 history, aesthetics, and ideology / ». online access from Digital Dissertation Consortium access full-text, 1997. http://libweb.cityu.edu.hk/cgi-bin/er/db/ddcdiss.pl?9807778.

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Chan, Shuen-yan. « History and memory in Hou Hsiao-hsien's A City of Sadness and Tian Zhuangzhuang's The Blue Kite ». Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 1999. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B21241065.

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Coe, Jason George. « Left behind by history : complicating narrative, modernity in the mundane, and reading history through womenin "feeling of life films" ». Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2012. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B48539533.

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This dissertation scrutinizes a corpus of films considered to be the stylistic and thematic descendants of Yasujiro Ozu, which I call “feeling of life films.” Focusing upon common themes such as female narrative and the portrayals of the quotidian, this dissertation identifies various methods used in specific films of Ozu, Hou Hsiao Hsien, and Tran Anh Hung that complicate narrative meaning and engage in the discourse of national modernity and history. The female protagonists of these films can be considered “left behind” by the narrative progression of history, serving an allegorical function that critiques standard notions of time and official history. The basis for understanding this phenomenon will be scholarly discourse primarily concerning Ozu’s “Noriko Trilogy,” which marks the transitional period of post-war Japan through the narrative of a woman’s path to marriage. This dissertation seeks to complicate the discourse of reading women in these films by introducing different methodologies of formalist analysis, cultural analysis, theoretic discourse, historiography, and phenomenology. In doing so, this dissertation demonstrates the cinematic importance of these films through their unique formal characteristics and their cultural and historical meanings.
published_or_final_version
Literary and Cultural Studies
Master
Master of Arts

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Urquhart, Peter. « 1979 : reading the tax-shelter boom in Canadian film history ». Thesis, McGill University, 2004. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=85211.

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More certified-Canadian feature films were shot in Canada in 1979 than in any other year. The height of what has become known as the "tax-shelter boom," 1979 stands as a remarkable moment in the history of the Canadian cinema, with 70 features shot in a year in which Hollywood produced only 99 films. The extant history of the Canadian cinema has largely ignored this moment, and in this thesis I argue that the slim treatment of the period by critics represents a "received wisdom," consistently repeated, but seldom scrutinized, and that this received wisdom is representative of the culturally nationalist impulse which has coloured the entire historiography of the Canadian cinema. Because many of the films produced during the boom were in the style of Hollywood genres, the "received wisdom" presents the entirety of the tax-shelter boom as a cultural and industrial near-disaster for the Canadian cinema, and this thesis, partly a revisionist history, explores not only those conclusions, but also provides critical discussion of them.
I begin by presenting the received wisdom, the existing account, on the period. This is followed by a chapter which situates the tax-shelter boom in a history of state intervention in the feature film industry. Following this, I provide analysis of the contexts surrounding the tax-shelter boom, including critical discussion of articles and reviews from the contemporaneous popular press, and of the industry discourse. I then turn my attention to the texts themselves, which the received wisdom more or less ignores, and provide three thematically-organized chapters of textual analysis: the first organized around readings of gender and genre in the films, the second on the prevalent theme of "selling out," which is central to numerous films of the period, and a third chapter which explores the place of Quebec in the films of the period.
The thesis concludes with an analysis of the material effects of the government policies which led to the boom, and concludes that in this respect too, the received account of the period---once again, as a failure---needs to be reexamined.

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Umphrey, Olivia. « From screen to page : Japanese film as a historical document, 1931-1959 / ». [Boise, Idaho] : Boise State University, 2009. http://scholarworks.boisestate.edu/td/26/.

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Livres sur le sujet "Motion pictures and history"

Low, Rachael. The history of British film. London : Routledge, 1997.

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Low, Rachael. The history of British film. London : Routledge, 1997.

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Low, Rachael. The history of British film. London : Routledge, 1997.

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Fraser, George MacDonald. The Hollywood history of the world. London : Joseph, 1989.

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Daniel, Borden, dir. Film : A world history. New York : Abram, 2008.

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Somervill, Barbara A. The history of the motion picture. Chanhassen, Minn : Child's World, 2006.

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Lea, Bandy Mary, Biesenbach Klaus et Kunst-Werke Berlin, dir. Andy Warhol : Motion pictures. Berlin : KW Institute for Contemporary Art, 2004.

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McIlroy, Brian. Irish cinema : An illustrated history. Dublin : Anna Livia Press, 1988.

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Low, Rachael. The history of British film. London : Routledge, 1997.

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Giannetti, Louis D. Flashback : A brief history of film. 3^e éd. Englewood Cliffs, N.J : Prentice Hall, 1996.

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Chapitres de livres sur le sujet "Motion pictures and history"

Czitrom, Daniel. « Early Motion Pictures ». Dans Communication in History, 158–66. 8^e éd. New York : Routledge, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003250463-26.

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Czitrom, Daniel. « Early Motion Pictures ». Dans Communication in History, 175–83. Seventh edition. | New York : Routledge, 2018. : Routledge, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315189840-26.

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Brown, Blain. « history of lighting ». Dans motion picture and video lighting, 13–24. Third edition. | New York : Routledge, Taylor & Francis Group, 2018. : Routledge, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780429461422-1.

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Bernard, Sheila Curran, et Kenn Rabin. « Still and Motion Picture Photography : A Brief History ». Dans Archival Storytelling, 17–41. Second edition. | London ; New York : Routledge, 2020. | : Routledge, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003026204-3.

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Molenda, Michael H. « History and Development of Instructional Design and Technology ». Dans Handbook of Open, Distance and Digital Education, 1–18. Singapore : Springer Singapore, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-0351-9_4-1.

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AbstractThe origins and evolution of instructional technology and instructional design are treated in this chapter as separate concepts, although having intertwined histories. As with other technologies, their origins can be traced to the scientific discoveries on which they are based. Early in the twentieth century, new discoveries in optics and electricity stimulated educators to the adoption of technological innovations such as projected still pictures, motion pictures, and audio recording. Individuals and, later, groups of affiliated professionals promoted enriching learning by adding visual and, later, audiovisual resources where verbal presentations previously dominated. As radio broadcasting grew in the 1930s and then television in the 1950s, these mass media were perceived as ways to reach audiences, in and out of school, with educative audiovisual programs. In the 1960s, the wave of interest in teaching machines incorporating behaviorist psychological technology engendered a shift in identity from audiovisual technologies to all technologies, including psychological ones. As computers became ubiquitous in the 1990s, they became the dominant delivery system, due to their interactive capabilities. With the global spread of the World Wide Web after 1995, networked computers took on communication functions as well as storage and processing functions, giving new momentum to distance education. Meanwhile, research during and after World War II prompted a technology of planning – systems analysis. In the 1960s, educators adapted the systems approach to instructional planning, starting the development of instructional systems design (ISD). Since the 1980s, ISD has been the reigning paradigm for instructional design, while instructional design has become the central activity of instructional technology professionals.

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Molenda, Michael H. « History and Development of Instructional Design and Technology ». Dans Handbook of Open, Distance and Digital Education, 57–74. Singapore : Springer Nature Singapore, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-2080-6_4.

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kydd, Elspeth. « Motion Pictures ». Dans The Critical Practice of Film, 17–37. London : Macmillan Education UK, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-230-34527-0_2.

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Kamada, Seiichi. « Motion Pictures ». Dans Springer Monographs in Mathematics, 39–73. Singapore : Springer Singapore, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-4091-7_3.

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Kamada, Seiichi. « Motion pictures ». Dans Mathematical Surveys and Monographs, 63–70. Providence, Rhode Island : American Mathematical Society, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1090/surv/095/09.

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Walters, James. « Perpetual motion pictures ». Dans The Routledge Companion to World Cinema, 382–92. New York : Routledge, 2017. : Routledge, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315688251-32.

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Actes de conférences sur le sujet "Motion pictures and history"

Mathias, Yehoshua. « USING MOTION PICTURES TO FOSTER HISTORICAL THINKING : A PROPOSAL FOR HISTORY TEACHERS' EDUCATION ». Dans 15th annual International Conference of Education, Research and Innovation. IATED, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.21125/iceri.2022.1817.

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Obretenov, Christos. « Cinematography For Stylized Motion Pictures ». Dans SIGGRAPH '23 : Special Interest Group on Computer Graphics and Interactive Techniques Conference. New York, NY, USA : ACM, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3587421.3595426.

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Lagendijk, R. L., et M. I. Sezan. « Motion compensated frame rate conversion of motion pictures ». Dans [Proceedings] ICASSP-92 : 1992 IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing. IEEE, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icassp.1992.226178.

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Karaki, Koichi, Hiroko Sasaki et Masaharu Mitsunaga. « Holographic motion pictures by hole burning ». Dans International Conferences on Optical Fabrication and Testing and Applications of Optical Holography, sous la direction de Toshio Honda. SPIE, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.215315.

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Alexander, P. « Development of integral holographic motion pictures ». Dans Display Holography : Fifth International Symposium, sous la direction de Tung H. Jeong. SPIE, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.201899.

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Chuang, Yung-Yu, Dan B. Goldman, Ke Colin Zheng, Brian Curless, David H. Salesin et Richard Szeliski. « Animating pictures with stochastic motion textures ». Dans ACM SIGGRAPH 2005 Papers. New York, New York, USA : ACM Press, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/1186822.1073273.

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Holynski, Aleksander, Brian Curless, Steven M. Seitz et Richard Szeliski. « Animating Pictures with Eulerian Motion Fields ». Dans 2021 IEEE/CVF Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR). IEEE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/cvpr46437.2021.00575.

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Baecker, Ronald, Alan J. Rosenthal, Naomi Friedlander, Eric Smith et Andrew Cohen. « A multimedia system for authoring motion pictures ». Dans the fourth ACM international conference. New York, New York, USA : ACM Press, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/244130.244142.

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Mayhew, Christopher A. « True Three-Dimensional Animation In Motion Pictures ». Dans OE LASE'87 and EO Imaging Symp (January 1987, Los Angeles), sous la direction de David F. McAllister et Woodrow E. Robbins. SPIE, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.940133.

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Abdulsamet, Hasiloglu, et Tosun Olcay. « Identification system from motion pictures : LBPH application ». Dans 2017 International Conference on Computer Science and Engineering (UBMK). IEEE, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ubmk.2017.8093546.

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Rapports d'organisations sur le sujet "Motion pictures and history"

Koschmann, Anthony, et Yi Qian. Latent Estimation of Piracy Quality and its Effect on Revenues and Distribution : The Case of Motion Pictures. Cambridge, MA : National Bureau of Economic Research, août 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w27649.

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Mojidra, Rushil, et Keri Ryan. Influence of Vertical Ground Motion on Bridges Isolated with Spherical Sliding Bearings. Pacific Earthquake Engineering Research Center, University of California, Berkeley, CA, décembre 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.55461/rynq3624.

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The motivation for this project developed from testing of a full scale building isolated with triple friction pendulum bearings on the E-defense shake table in Japan. The test demonstrated experimentally that the vertical component of ground motion can amplify both the base shear and the story acceleration in the isolated building. Vertical shaking introduced high-frequency variation in the axial force of the bearings, and, consequently, a high-frequency component in the bearing lateral force, which excited higher structural modes in the building. Since vertical bridges are flexible in the vertical direction because of long spans, similar effects may be observed in bridges. The objectives of this study are to develop a physical understanding of the amplification of responses and develop a simplified method to predict amplification of base shear in three-dimensional (3D) shaking relative to two-dimensional (2D) shaking, for bridges isolated with spherical sliding bearings. A series of ground motions with a wide range of vertical shaking intensity were applied to 3D models of bridges isolated with triple pendulum bearings (TPBs), both excluding the vertical component (2D motion) and including the vertical component (3D motion). This enabled the comparison of the bridge response under 2D and 3D shaking such that the direct effect of vertical shaking could be investigated. The selected ground motions were fit to target spectra in the horizontal and vertical directions, and divided into three groups based on vertical peak ground acceleration (PGAV). Multi-span concrete box girder bridges were selected for this study, as they are a prominent bridge type in California, and are suitable for seismic isolation. Models were developed for a 3-span, 45-ft wide, multi-column Base Model bridge; various superstructure and isolation-system parameter variations were implemented to evaluate the effect of these variations on the amplification of base shear. Response histories were compared for a representative motion from each ground-motion group under 2D and 3D shaking. Modal and spectral analyses were conducted to understand dynamic properties and behavior of the bridge under vertical motion. Based on simplified theory, a method to estimate the amplification of base shear due to vertical shaking was developed. The accuracy of the simplified method was assessed through a base shear normalized error metric, and different amplification factors were considered. Response history analysis showed significant amplification of base shear under 3D motion implying that exclusion of vertical component could lead to under estimation of demand shear forces on bridge piers. Deck acceleration spectral response at different locations revealed that a transverse-vertical modal coupling response was present in the Base Model bridge, which led to amplification of deck accelerations in addition to base shear due to excitation of the superstructure transverse mode. The simplified method predicted that in addition to the peak vertical ground acceleration base shear amplification depended on the isolation-system period (radius of curvature) and friction coefficient. The error in the simplified method was approximately constant across the range of isolation-system parameters. Variations in the bridge superstructure or substructure modeling parameters had only a minor effect on the base shear since the deck acts as a single mass sliding on isolators; therefore, the simplified method can be applied to a range of bridge models. The simplified method includes an amplification factor that indirectly represents the dynamic amplification of vertical acceleration from the ground to the isolation system. An amplification factor of 1.0 was found to be sufficiently conservative to estimate the base shear due to 3D shaking. The lack of apparent dynamic amplification could mean that the peak vertical acceleration is out-of-phase with the base shear. The simplified method is more likely to be unconservative for high-intensity vertical ground motions due to the complexities associated with uplift and pounding. Further investigation is recommended to determine the threshold shaking intensity limit for the simplified method.

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Hammad, Ali, et Mohamed Moustafa. Seismic Behavior of Special Concentric Braced Frames under Short- and Long-Duration Ground Motions. Pacific Earthquake Engineering Research Center, University of California, Berkeley, CA, décembre 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.55461/zont9308.

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Over the past decade, several long-duration subduction earthquakes took place in different locations around the world, e.g., Chile in 2010, Japan in 2011, China in 2008, and Indonesia in 2004. Recent research has revealed that long-duration, large-magnitude earthquakes may occur along the Cascadia subduction zone of the Pacific Northwest Coast of the U.S. The duration of an earthquake often affects the response of structures. Current seismic design specifications mostly use response spectra to identify the hazard and do not consider duration effects. Thus, a comprehensive understanding of the effect of the duration of the ground motion on structural performance and its design implications is an important issue. The goal of this study was to investigate how the duration of an earthquake affects the structural response of special concentric braced frames (SCBFs). A comprehensive experimental program and detailed analytical investigations were conducted to understand and quantify the effect of duration on collapse capacity of SCBFs, with the goal of improving seismic design provisions by incorporating these effects. The experimental program included large-scale shake table tests, and the analytical program consisted of pre-test and post-test phases. The pre-test analysis phase performed a sensitivity analysis that used OpenSees models preliminarily calibrated against previous experimental results for different configuration of SCBFs. A tornado-diagram framework was used to rank the influence of the different modeling parameters, e.g., low-cycle fatigue, on the seismic response of SCBFs under short- and long-duration ground motions. Based on the results obtained from the experimental program, these models were revisited for further calibration and validation in the post-test analysis. The experimental program included three large-scale shake-table tests of identical single-story single-bay SCBF with a chevron-brace configuration tested under different ground motions. Two specimens were tested under a set of spectrally-matched short and long-duration ground motions. The third specimen was tested under another long-duration ground motion. All tests started with a 100% scale of the selected ground motions; testing continued with an ever-increasing ground-motion scale until failure occurred, e.g., until both braces ruptured. The shake table tests showed that the duration of the earthquake may lead to premature seismic failure or lower capacities, supporting the initiative to consider duration effects as part of the seismic design provisions. Identical frames failed at different displacements demands because of the damage accumulation associated with the earthquake duration, with about 40% reduction in the displacement capacity of the two specimens tested under long-duration earthquakes versus the short-duration one. Post-test analysis focused first on calibrating an OpenSees model to capture the experimental behavior of the test specimens. The calibration started by matching the initial stiffness and overall global response. Next, the low-cycle fatigue parameters were fine-tuned to properly capture the experimental local behavior, i.e., brace buckling and rupture. The post-test analysis showed that the input for the low-cycle fatigue models currently available in the literature does not reflect the observed experimental results. New values for the fatigue parameters are suggested herein based on the results of the three shake-table tests. The calibrated model was then used to conduct incremental dynamic analysis (IDA) using 44 pairs of spectrally-matched short- and long-duration ground motions. To compare the effect of the duration of ground motion, this analysis aimed at incorporating ground-motion variability for more generalized observations and developing collapse fragility curves using different intensity measures (IMs). The difference in the median fragility was found to be 45% in the drift capacity at failure and about 10% in the spectral acceleration (Sa). Using regression analysis, the obtained drift capacity from analysis was found to be reduced by about 8% on average for every additional 10 sec in the duration of the ground motion. The last stage of this study extended the calibrated model to SCBF archetype buildings to study the effect of the duration of ground motion on full-sized structures. Two buildings were studied: a three-story and nine-story build that resembled the original SAC buildings but were modified with SCBFs as lateral support system instead of moment resisting frames. Two planer frames were adopted from the two buildings and used for the analysis. The same 44 spectrally-matched pairs previously used in post-test analysis were used to conduct nonlinear time history analysis and study the effect of duration. All the ground motions were scaled to two hazard levels for the deterministic time history analysis: 10% exceedance in 50 years and 2% exceedance in 50 years. All analysis results were interpreted in a comparative way to isolate the effect of duration, which was the main variable in the ground-motion pairs. In general, the results showed that the analyzed SCBFs experienced higher drift values under the long-duration suite of ground motions, and, in turn, a larger percentage of fractured braces under long-duration cases. The archetype SCBFs analysis provided similar conclusions on duration effects as the experimental and numerical results on the single-story single-bay frame.

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Ko, Yu-Fu, et Jessica Gonzalez. Fiber-Based Seismic Damage and Collapse Assessment of Reinforced Concrete Single-Column Pier-Supported Bridges Using Damage Indices. Mineta Transportation Institute, août 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.31979/mti.2023.2241.

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Near-fault earthquakes can have major effects on transportation systems due to the structural damage they impose on bridges. Therefore, it is imperative to assess the seismic damage of bridges appropriately, and this research focuses on reinforced concrete (RC) bridges. This research advances the seismic performance assessment of RC single-column pier-supported bridges with flexural failure under near-fault ground motion by use of ductility coefficients and damage indices. The methodology included modeling fiber-based nonlinear beam-column elements to simulate the damage development process of RC bridge piers under earthquake loadings, considering the global buckling of longitudinal steel bars, examining the cracking and spalling of cover concrete, and analyzing the effects of bond-slip. The tensile strain represented the damage of the longitudinal bars while the compression strain represented the cover concrete damage. Two innovative nonlinear fiber-based finite element models (FEMs) were developed: Model 1 (bond-slip excluded) and Model 2 (bond-slip included). Nonlinear static cyclic pushover analyses and nonlinear response history analyses were conducted. The simulation results were compared with available pseudo-dynamic test results. Model 1 provided a more ideal prognosis on the seismic performance of RC single-column pier-supported bridges under near-fault ground motion. The proposed damage indices can indicate the damage state at any stage and the gradual accumulation of damage in RC bridge piers, which are more convincing than most other indices in the literature. The proposed fiber-based nonlinear FEMs, together with the use of ductility coefficients and proposed damage indices, can also assist engineers and researchers in simulating the seismic behavior and assessing the damage state of RC bridge columns in a computationally effective manner which can empower engineers to identify and prioritize RC bridges for seismic retrofit and maintenance.

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Stuedlein, Armin, Ali Dadashiserej et Amalesh Jana. Models for the Cyclic Resistance of Silts and Evaluation of Cyclic Failure during Subduction Zone Earthquakes. Pacific Earthquake Engineering Research Center, University of California, Berkeley, CA, avril 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.55461/zkvv5271.

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This report describes several advances in the cyclic failure assessment of silt soils with immediate and practical benefit to the geotechnical earthquake engineering profession. First, a database of cyclic loading test data is assembled, evaluated, and used to assess trends in the curvature of the CRR-N (cyclic resistance ratio - the number of equivalent cycles) relationship. This effort culminated in a plasticity index-dependent function which can be used to estimate the exponent b in the power law describing cyclic resistance, and may be used to estimate the cyclic resistance of silt soils as well as the number of equivalent loading cycles anticipated for subduction zone earthquakes. Statistical models for the cyclic resistance ratio and cyclic strength ratio are presented in this report. The SHANSEP (Stress History and Normalized Soil Engineering Properties)-inspired functional form of these models have been trained and tested against independent datasets and finalized using a combined dataset to provide reasonable estimates of resistance based on the available data. These models can be used to provide provisional estimates of the CRR-N and cyclic strength ratio power laws for cyclic shear strain failure criteria ranging from 1 to 10%, within certain stated limitations. The ground motion records within the NGA Subduction Project which have been released to the public to-date are implemented to examine the role of subduction zone earthquake characteristics on the number of equivalent loading cycles for a wide range of soils with exponents b ranging from 0.05 (moderate plasticity silt and clay) to 0.35 (dense sand). This analysis shows that the number of loading cycles for a given magnitude subduction zone earthquake is larger than those previously computed, whereas the corresponding magnitude scaling factors for use with the Simplified Method span a smaller range as a result of the ground motion characteristics. Owing to the large variability in the computed equivalent number of loading cycles, consideration of the uncertainty is emphasized in forward analyses. The work described herein may be used to estimate cyclic resistance of intact non-plastic and plastic silt soils and corresponding factor of safety against cyclic failure for a range in cyclic shear strain failure criteria, to plan cyclic laboratory testing programs, and to calibrate models for use in site response and nonlinear deformation analyses in the absence of site-specific cyclic test data. As with any empirical approach, the models presented herein should be revised when additional, high-quality cyclic testing data become available.

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Lokke, Arnkjell, et Anil Chopra. Direct-Finite-Element Method for Nonlinear Earthquake Analysis of Concrete Dams Including Dam–Water–Foundation Rock Interaction. Pacific Earthquake Engineering Research Center, University of California, Berkeley, CA, mars 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.55461/crjy2161.

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Evaluating the seismic performance of concrete dams requires nonlinear dynamic analysis of two- or three-dimensional dam–water–foundation rock systems that include all the factors known to be significant in the earthquake response of dams. Such analyses are greatly complicated by interaction between the structure, the impounded reservoir and the deformable foundation rock that supports it, and the fact that the fluid and foundation domains extend to large distances. Presented in this report is the development of a direct finite-element (FE) method for nonlinear earthquake analysis of two- and three-dimensional dam–water–foundation rock systems. The analysis procedure applies standard viscous-damper absorbing boundaries to model the semi-unbounded fluid and foundation domains, and specifies at these boundaries effective earthquake forces determined from a ground motion defined at a control point on the ground surface. This report is organized in three parts, with a common notation list, references, and appendices at the end of the report. Part I develops the direct FE method for 2D dam–water–foundation rock systems. The underlying analytical framework of treating dam–water–foundation rock interaction as a scattering problem, wherein the dam perturbs an assumed "free-field" state of the system, is presented, and by applying these concepts to a bounded FE model with viscous-damper boundaries to truncate the semi-unbounded domains, the analysis procedure is derived. Step-by-step procedures for computing effective earthquake forces from analysis of two 1D free-field systems are presented, and the procedure is validated by computing frequency response functions and transient response of an idealized dam–water–foundation rock system and comparing against independent benchmark results. This direct FE method is generalized to 3D systems in Part II of this report. While the fundamental concepts of treating interaction as a scattering problem are similar for 2D and 3D systems, the derivation and implementation of the method for 3D systems is much more involved. Effective earthquake forces must now be computed by analyzing a set of 1D and 2D systems derived from the boundaries of the free-field systems, which requires extensive book-keeping and data transfer for large 3D models. To reduce these requirements and facilitate implementation of the direct FE method for 3D systems, convenient simplifications of the procedure are proposed and their effectiveness demonstrated. Part III of the report proposes to use the direct FE method for conducting the large number of nonlinear response history analyses (RHAs) required for performance-based earthquake engineering (PBEE) of concrete dams, and discusses practical modeling considerations for two of the most influential aspects of these analyses: nonlinear mechanisms and energy dissipation (damping). The findings have broad implications for modeling of energy dissipation and calibration of damping values for concrete dam analyses. At the end of Part III, the direct FE method is implemented with a commercial FE program and used to compute the nonlinear response of an actual arch dam. These nonlinear results, although limited in their scope, demonstrate the capabilities and effectiveness of the direct FE method to compute the types of nonlinear engineering response quantities required for PBEE of concrete dams.

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