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Articles de revues sur le sujet « New Farmers of America »

Auteur : Grafiati

Publié le 25 juillet 2024

Mis à jour le 31 juillet 2025

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1

Ma, Yu Bo, Sheng De Hu, and Qing Ran Guo. "The Enlightenment for China by the Development of New Generation Cooperatives in North America." Advanced Materials Research 271-273 (July 2011): 868–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.271-273.868.

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The development of farmer cooperatives in China which was an important form that led farmers to get rich and improve the competitiveness of China's agriculture has been lag behind, in 2007, Law of Chinese Farmer Cooperatives promoted the development of cooperatives in certain extent,, but compared to a new generation of cooperatives developed in North America 1970s, whether performance or the ability of service for members were far behind. Through report the successful experience of the development of new generation cooperatives in North America and sum up the useful enlightenment which could

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Brown, Allison. "Farmers' market research 1940–2000: An inventory and review." American Journal of Alternative Agriculture 17, no. 4 (2002): 167–76. https://doi.org/10.1079/ajaa200218.

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AbstractThe number of retail farmers' markets in the USA increased dramatically in the twentieth century, with a burst of growth experienced after the passage of Public Law 94–463 (PL 94–463), the Farmer-to-Consumer Direct Marketing Act of 1976. This article inventories the literature since the Second World War on retail farmers' markets and direct marketing in North America. The inventory includes some lesser known studies from 1970 to 1985. The reports are grouped into four categories by topical area: consumers and vendors, economic impact, social impact and farmers' markets as research site

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TROUCHE, GILLES, KIRSTEN VOM BROCKE, SILVIO AGUIRRE, and ZILDGHEAN CHOW. "GIVING NEW SORGHUM VARIETY OPTIONS TO RESOURCE-POOR FARMERS IN NICARAGUA THROUGH PARTICIPATORY VARIETAL SELECTION." Experimental Agriculture 45, no. 4 (2009): 451–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s001447970999041x.

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SUMMARYIn the dry areas of Nicaragua, white-grain sorghum is an important subsistence crop for resource-poor farmers. From 2002 to 2007, participatory varietal selection (PVS) was implemented in three regions with the aim of identifying new varieties matching small farmers' needs. This paper describes the general approach, the partnership and the methods used to identify farmers' selection criteria (FSC), as well as the evaluation of new germplasm using the scoring method. Data analysis involved relating farmers' evaluation data to agronomic data and farmers' selection decisions (FSD), using S

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Batie, Sandra S. "Agriculture as the Problem: New Agendas and New Opportunities." Journal of Agricultural and Applied Economics 20, no. 1 (1988): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0081305200025553.

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Agriculture was once seen as the solution to many of the nation's problems. A strong agricultural sector translated into a strong America. Kohl et al. have presented four reasons for the past public commitment to agriculture. First, the agricultural sector has had considerable political power; second, there has been a widely held perception that farmers were economically disadvantaged relative to the rest of society; third, for many decades the growth of rural economies has been dependent on healthy agricultural sectors; and, finally, information produced by colleges of agriculture has been se

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Calo, Adam. "The Yeoman Myth: A Troubling Foundation of the Beginning Farmer Movement." Gastronomica 20, no. 2 (2020): 12–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/gfc.2020.20.2.12.

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Aging farmer demographics and declining agricultural trends provoke policy makers, farmer advocacy groups, and food system scholars to ask, “Who will do the work of farming in the future?” One response to this concern has been the rise of a “beginning farmer” narrative, where the goal of creating new farmers emerges as a key aspirational food systems reform mechanism. In this vision, young and beginning farmers will seize the transitioning lands from retiring farmers and bring with them an alternative system that is ecologically minded, open to new innovations, and socially oriented. Given the

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Lassoie, J. P., W. S. Teel, and K. M. Davies Jr. "Agroforestry Research and Extension Needs For Northeastern North America." Forestry Chronicle 67, no. 3 (1991): 219–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.5558/tfc67219-3.

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Most farms in the Northeast include wooded areas that exist either as woodlots, plantations, or fence rows. However, the degree to which these areas support a particular farm is highly variable — some being largely ignored, others contributing significantly to the farm's economic well-being. The current economic plight and ecological problems facing the agricultural sector across North America are forcing many farmers to look for alternatives to traditional farming and forestry practices. One possibility is the greater integration of trees directly into the farming system through the adoption

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Levkoe, Charles Z., and Abena Offeh-Gyimah. "Race, privilege and the exclusivity of farm internships: Ecological agricultural education and the implications for food movements." Environment and Planning E: Nature and Space 3, no. 2 (2019): 580–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2514848619872616.

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Internships have become a prominent way of training new ecological farmers across North America. This paper interrogates the social identities of these interns asking: Who is being trained as the next generation of ecological farmers and what are the implications for food movements more broadly? Our research reveals a series of privileges associated with the ability to work for little or no remuneration and to access rural spaces where most internships are located. We argue that, while providing valuable knowledge and skills, the dominant model of ecological farm internships privileges white,

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Levkoe, Charles, and Abena Offeh-Gyimah. "Race, privilege and the exclusivity of farm internships: Ecological agricultural education and the implications for food movements." Environment and Planning E: Nature and Space 3, no. 2 (2020): 580–98. https://doi.org/10.1177/2514848619872616.

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Internships have become a prominent way of training new ecological farmers across North America. This paper interrogates the social identities of these interns asking: Who is being trained as the next generation of ecological farmers and what are the implications for food movements more broadly? Our research reveals a series of privileges associated with the ability to work for little or no remuneration and to access rural spaces where most internships are located. We argue that, while providing valuable knowledge and skills, the dominant model of ecological farm internships privileges white,

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Coca, Estevan. "Food Procurement in Post-neoliberal Countries: Examples from South America." Agrarian South: Journal of Political Economy: A triannual Journal of Agrarian South Network and CARES 10, no. 2 (2021): 275–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/22779760211032067.

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This article analyzes public food procurement policy as one of the characteristics of post-neoliberalism in South America, whereby food produced by family farmers and peasants is purchased by the state and then donated to low-income people and public-school students. Focusing on Brazil, Ecuador, and Paraguay, the study demonstrates how such experiences partly break the control that large agri-food corporations exert in the food systems of these countries. This occurs because public food procurement has created a new market opportunity for family farmers and peasants and has also functioned as

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Poeplau, Christopher, Julia Schroeder, Ed Gregorich, and Irina Kurganova. "Farmers’ Perspective on Agriculture and Environmental Change in the Circumpolar North of Europe and America." Land 8, no. 12 (2019): 190. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/land8120190.

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Climate change may increase the importance of agriculture in the global Circumpolar North with potentially critical implications for pristine northern ecosystems and global biogeochemical cycles. With this in mind, a global online survey was conducted to understand northern agriculture and farmers’ perspective on environmental change north of 60° N. In the obtained dataset with 67 valid answers, Alaska and the Canadian territories were dominated by small-scale vegetable, herbs, hay, and flower farms; the Atlantic Islands were dominated by sheep farms; and Fennoscandia was dominated by cereal f

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Baltenweck, Isabelle, Debbie Cherney, Alan Duncan, et al. "A scoping review of feed interventions and livelihoods of small-scale livestock keepers." Nature Plants 6, no. 10 (2020): 1242–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41477-020-00786-w.

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AbstractLivestock support the livelihoods of one billion people in Africa, Asia and Latin America, but the productivity of animals remains low, reducing the potential of the sector to support higher incomes and better nutrition. Improved livestock feeding has been identified as the most important step towards higher productivity. This scoping review assessed the evidence for the uptake of improved ruminant livestock feed options, the effect of this uptake on livestock productivity and the degree to which this improves smallholder farmer livelihoods. In total, 22,981 papers were identified, of

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Tsu, Cecilia M. "Sex, Lies, and Agriculture: Reconstructing Japanese Immigrant Gender Relations in Rural California, 1900––1913." Pacific Historical Review 78, no. 2 (2009): 171–209. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/phr.2009.78.2.171.

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This article argues that the conditions of Japanese immigrants' lives in rural California produced unstable gender relations and patterns of intra-ethnic conflict. Early twentieth-century inquest records of the Santa Clara County coroner reveal tensions stemming from gender imbalance, exacerbated by the difficulties of farm life, racial marginalization, and circumscribed economic opportunity. Immigrant men equated success in America and status among their compatriots with being economically viable farmers and supporting a family in America; some who could not achieve these goals resorted to vi

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Bhujel, R. R., and H. G. Joshi. "Factors influencing the adoption of sustainable agricultural practices in rural regions of developing countries: a review." Food Research 8, no. 4 (2024): 81–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.26656/fr.2017.8(4).400.

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Farmers in developing countries show low adoption rates of sustainable agricultural practices. Therefore, this review examines influential factors contributing to sustainable agricultural practices adoption among rural farmers in developing countries in Asia, Latin America, Europe, and Africa, thereby highlighting challenges and constraints. The research indicated that behavioural factors influence the participation in and adoption of sustainable agricultural practices. Farmers are often unaware of environmental issues such as climate change and need support through knowledge, technology, and

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Widdup, K. H., J. L. Ford, G. R. Cousins, D. R. Woodfield, J. R. Caradus, and B. A. Barrett. "A comparison of New Zealand and overseas white clover cultivars under grazing in New Zealand." Journal of New Zealand Grasslands 77 (January 1, 2015): 51–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.33584/jnzg.2015.77.483.

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A large number of white clover cultivars bred both in New Zealand and overseas are available for use by New Zealand pastoral farmers. Unfortunately, there is little published data on the merits of many of these cultivars under grazing in New Zealand. Data from a series of trials established in the Manawatu between 1996 and 2005 containing a range of cultivars from Europe, the Mediterranean, North and South America and New Zealand were used in a meta-analysis to assess the general adaptive yield and persistence potential of these contrasting cultivar types. All trials were maintained over 2 to

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Takam Fongang, Guy Martial, Jean-François Guay, and Charles Séguin. "A Composite Index Measuring Adoption of Conservation Agriculture among Maize and Soybean Farmers in Québec." Agronomy 13, no. 3 (2023): 777. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agronomy13030777.

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Conservation agriculture (CA) has appeared in America since 1970 as an alternative practice to conventional tillage to limit soil degradation. Despite its expansion around the world, socioeconomic analyses of its adoption, as well as its impact on agricultural yields, still suffer from imperfect identification of CA adopters. The present study therefore proposes a new composite index for measuring the adoption of CA among maize and soybean farmers in the province of Québec, Canada. A model of partial adoption of CA both at parcel and farm levels is developed to build the composite index; and e

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Mureșan, Ioana-Andreea. "Norwegian emigration and the emergence of modernity in Norway: America letters and the cases of Knut Hamsun and Sigbjørn Obstfelder." Romanian Journal for Baltic and Nordic Studies 12, no. 2 (2020): 49–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.53604/rjbns.v12i2_3.

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Norway was going through important changes in the 19th century. It was a time of disruption, when the old rural society was transformed by the growing industrialisation, by the development of transportation and the expansion of free trade, when internal migration reached its peak as farmers struggled to survive using the old ways of living that had been passed on from generations and that no longer seemed to work in the modernized world. This paper argues that, although the need for change of the old habits was at the basis of the mass exodus to the New World, migration facilitated the emergen

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Schultz, Sally M., and Joan Hollister. "SINGLE-ENTRY ACCOUNTING IN EARLY AMERICA: THE ACCOUNTS OF THE HASBROUCK FAMILY." Accounting Historians Journal 31, no. 1 (2004): 141–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.2308/0148-4184.31.1.141.

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The accounts of the Hasbrouck family help document how five generations adapted to economic and social change in New York's mid-Hudson River valley from the time of settlement in the New World through the Civil War era. The accounts of these farmers and merchants illuminate the role that accounting played during a period when the key information provided by the accounting system was the balance in an individual's account. Personified ledger accounts not only characterized the organizational structure in tight-knit communities, but were essential in facilitating trade during a period when the s

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Ogg, Alex G. "Expanding the Weed Science Society of America Beyond Weed Science." Weed Technology 9, no. 2 (1995): 406–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0890037x00023575.

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The Weed Society of America (WSA) was organized in 1954. At that time, 114 scientists were identified as conducting research on weeds and their control, although only part of these scientists' time was devoted to weeds. Although “selective” herbicides were used in the late 1800s and the “sinox” or “dinitro” herbicides were fairly important from the 1930s, the discovery of the broadleaf selective phenoxy herbicides in the 1940s gave scientists and farmers an exciting new way to manage weeds and played a major role in advancing the notion that there was a need for a separate discipline of weed s

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Wakefield, Dexter B., and B. Allen Talbert. "A Historical Narrative On The Impact Of The New Farmers Of America (NFA) On Selected Past Members." Journal of Agricultural Education 44, no. 1 (2003): 95–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.5032/jae.2003.01095.

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Reber, Vera Blinn. "Small Farmers in the Economy: The Paraguayan Example, 1810-1865." Americas 51, no. 4 (1995): 495–524. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1007678.

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Patterns of land ownership and availability define pre-industrial society. Land defines wealth and translates into political power and social status. Thus historians of Latin America have been interested in land usage and distribution before economic and social history came into vogue. However, the major focus has been on the hacienda, not the small holders, and the assumed model was Mexico, not Paraguay or Colombia. A series of colonial regional studies on Mexico and Peru published in the 1970s and 1980s demonstrated the variation in economic power and regional differences of the hacienda but

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Connor, Dylan Shane. "The Cream of the Crop? Geography, Networks, and Irish Migrant Selection in the Age of Mass Migration." Journal of Economic History 79, no. 1 (2019): 139–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022050718000682.

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With more than 30 million people moving to North America during the Age of Mass Migration (1850–1913), governments feared that Europe was losing its most talented workers. Using new data from Ireland in the early twentieth century, I provide evidence to the contrary, showing that the sons of farmers and illiterate men were more likely to emigrate than their literate and skilled counterparts. Emigration rates were highest in poorer farming communities with stronger migrant networks. I constructed these data using new name-based techniques to follow people over time and to measure chain migratio

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Wilkie, Rhoda M. "‘Minilivestock’ farming: Who is farming edible insects in Europe and North America?" Journal of Sociology 54, no. 4 (2018): 520–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1440783318815304.

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An innovative food sector is emerging in North America and Europe: edible insects. Eating insects is not new; farming insects for human consumption is novel. This article provides an overview of entomophagy to contextualise this upsurge in ‘minilivestock’ farming. It also charts the rise of ‘feeder’ insect farms, because their ability to mass rear invertebrates – for exotic pets, reptiles and other insectivores – is of much interest to those starting and intensifying edible insect farms. A descriptive characterisation of frontier farmers will be provided by preliminary profile findings from 17

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Carter, Michael, Rachid Laajaj, and Dean Yang. "Subsidies and the African Green Revolution: Direct Effects and Social Network Spillovers of Randomized Input Subsidies in Mozambique." American Economic Journal: Applied Economics 13, no. 2 (2021): 206–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/app.20190396.

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The Green Revolution, which bolstered agricultural yields and economic well-being in Asia and Latin America beginning in the 1960s, largely bypassed sub-Saharan Africa. We study the first randomized controlled trial of a government-implemented input subsidy program (ISP) in Africa intended to foment a Green Revolution. We find that this temporary subsidy for Mozambican maize farmers stimulates Green Revolution technology adoption and leads to increased maize yields. Effects of the subsidy persist in later unsubsidized years. In addition, social networks of subsidized farmers benefit from spill

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Harris, P. M. G. "Inflation and Deflation in Early America, 1634–1860: Patterns of Change in the British American Economy." Social Science History 20, no. 4 (1996): 469–505. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0145553200017533.

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For more than six decades recurrent efforts have been made to establish the trends of early American prices. Following the lead of Arthur Harrison Cole and other members of the International Scientific Committee on Price History, who foresaw the need for worldwide evidence on prices as an essential foundation of economic and historical analysis, scholars began to develop series for major market centers such as Philadelphia, New York, Charleston, Boston, New Orleans, and Cincinnati (Warren et al. 1932; Taylor 1932a, 1932b; Bezanson et al. 1935, 1936; Cole 1938; Berry 1943; Bezanson et al. 1951)

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Reid, Judson, Derek Simmonds, and Elizabeth Newbold. "Wholesale produce auctions and regional food systems: The case of Seneca produce auction." Renewable Agriculture and Food Systems 34, no. 03 (2018): 259–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1742170518000133.

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AbstractProduce auctions are local aggregation points that facilitate access for small-scale fruit, flower and vegetable farmers to wholesale buyers from a broader geography. Buyers purchase lots from multiple farmers to fulfill wholesale demand and then retail the product to the consumers. Sales are held multiple times per week to create a consistent supply for buyers and a regular market for the farmers. With over 70 produce auctions located in eastern North America, this is a growing trend of intermediated markets. Currently, there are six active produce auctions in New York State, with two

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Findlater, Kieran M., Milind Kandlikar, Terre Satterfield, and Simon D. Donner. "Weather and Climate Variability May Be Poor Proxies for Climate Change in Farmer Risk Perceptions." Weather, Climate, and Society 11, no. 4 (2019): 697–711. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/wcas-d-19-0040.1.

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Abstract Despite long-standing assertions that climate change creates new risk management challenges, the climate change adaptation literature persists in assuming, both implicitly and explicitly, that weather and climate variability are suitable proxies for climate change in evaluating farmers’ risk perceptions and predicting their adaptive responses. This assumption persists in part because there is surprisingly little empirical evidence either way, although case studies suggest that there may be important differences. Here, we use a national survey of South Africa’s commercial grain farmers

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TERRY, JENNIFER. "“Breathing the Air of a World So New”: Rewriting the Landscape of America in Toni Morrison's A Mercy." Journal of American Studies 48, no. 1 (2013): 127–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021875813000686.

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This article explores Toni Morrison's preoccupation with, and reimagining of, the landscape of the so-called New World. Drawing on scholarship that has investigated dominant discourses about freedom, bounty, and possibility located within the Americas, it identifies various counternarratives in Morrison's fiction, tracing these through the earlier Song of Solomon (1977), Tar Baby (1981), and Beloved (1987), but primarily arguing for their centrality to A Mercy (2008). The mapping of seventeenth-century North America in the author's ninth novel both exposes colonial relations to place and probe

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HAMILTON, SHANE. "Crop Insurance and the New Deal Roots of Agricultural Financialization in the United States." Enterprise & Society 21, no. 3 (2020): 648–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/eso.2019.43.

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A range of private and public institutions emerged in the United States in the years before and after the Great Depression to help farmers confront the inherent uncertainty of agricultural production and marketing. This included a government-owned and operated insurance enterprise offering “all-risk” coverage to American farmers beginning in 1938. Crop insurance, initially developed as a social insurance program, was beset by pervasive problems of adverse selection and moral hazard. As managers and policy makers responded to those problems from the 1940s on, they reshaped federal crop insuranc

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Abbas, Abbas. "Description of the American Community of John Steinbeck’s Adventure in Novel Travels with Charley in Search of America 1960s." PIONEER: Journal of Language and Literature 12, no. 2 (2020): 173. http://dx.doi.org/10.36841/pioneer.v12i2.738.

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This article aims at describing the social life of the American people in several places that made the adventures of John Steinbeck as the author of the novel Travels with Charley in Search of America around the 1960s. American people’s lives are a part of world civilizations that literary readers need to know. This adventure was preceded by an author’s trip in New York City, then to California, Connecticut, Rhode Island, New Hampshire, Massachusetts, Maine, New Jersey, Saint Lawrence, Quebec, Niagara Falls, Ohio, Chicago, Illinois, Michigan, North Dakota, the Rocky Mountains, Washington, the

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Sillah, Mohammed Bassiru. "Islam in the United States of America." American Journal of Islam and Society 17, no. 1 (2000): 111–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.35632/ajis.v17i1.2078.

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Although Islam is the youngest of the three Abrahamic religions, it bas succeededin making breakthroughs in all comers of the globe. Today, it is thefastest growing religion in the world. and its presence has become a recognizedfact in rich industrialized nations like the United States. In the book underreview, Professor Sulayman Nyang examines the arrival and development ofIslam in America and asserts that it will stand permanently side-by-side withChristianity and Judaism and that these religions will co-exist peacefully.In the first chapter. the author tells the story of the African Muslim

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Gómez-Pellón, Eloy. "Conceptos para el estudio del agro latinoamericano: campesinos y agricultores familiares." Antípoda. Revista de Antropología y Arqueología, no. 58 (January 10, 2025): 107–30. https://doi.org/10.7440/antipoda58.2025.05.

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The vast agricultural landscape of Latin America is home to more than 17 million agricultural enterprises, all sharing a common characteristic: family-based social organization of labor. These production units span a spectrum from subsistence peasant agriculture to entrepreneurial family farming, with an intermediate type often referred to as transitional family farming. Today, the term family farmers is generally used to describe the social actors within this typology, gradually replacing the older term peasants, although the latter remains relevant in certain contexts. This article explores

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Pahnke, Anthony Robert. "The Political Economy of Learning in Agrarian Contention." Contention 11, no. 2 (2023): 57–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.3167/cont.2023.110204.

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Abstract This article explains how an interracial alliance that promotes a radical restructuring of agriculture, featuring African American small-scale producers, farmers of Euro-American descent, Latino farmworkers, and Indigenous people, has come into existence. As I argue, this coalition formed due to changes in international political economy and within transnational activist networks. Specifically, the implementation of neoliberal international trade deals beginning in the 1970s disrupted farmers’ livelihoods in the Global North and South. It drove migrants from countries such as Mexico a

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Loewen, Royden. "Ethnic Farmers and the “Outside” World: Mennonites in Manitoba and Nebraska, 1874-1900." Victoria 1990 1, no. 1 (2006): 195–213. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/031016ar.

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Abstract Historians have suggested that two types of farmers settled on the Canadian prairie; one was the commercially oriented Anglo-Canadian farmer, the other was the European ethnic group settler bent on transplanting an “Old World” way of life on the periphery of mainstream society. These latter settlements — comprised of Ukrainians, German-Catholics, French-Canadians, Doukhobors, and Mennonites — have been described as isolated “ethnic islands in a Canadian sea”. This essay, however, argues that even the Mennonites or rural, sectarian, immigrant communities were not dependent on geographi

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Dimmick, Frederica R. "Creative Farmers of the Northeast: A New View of Indian Maize Horticulture." North American Archaeologist 15, no. 3 (1995): 235–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.2190/we41-b24p-396e-frkq.

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Native American maize horticulture in New England has long been studied but often has not been viewed as part of an ongoing process of domestication. This process can be viewed as consisting of the four basic activities of perception of differences, selection for improved varieties, maintenance of genotypes, and dispersal of improved varieties. Information on maize horticulture from Native American informants and the ethnohistoric and archaeological records of the region has been analyzed for placement within these domestication activities. In New England, there is evidence that native peoples

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Arcury, Thomas. "Occupational Injury Prevention Knowledge and Behavior of African-American Farmers." Human Organization 56, no. 2 (1997): 167–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.17730/humo.56.2.u8223648u8823262.

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This study uses data from in-depth and focus group interviews conducted with African-American farmers residing in four southern states (Kentucky, Mississippi, North Carolina, Tennessee) to discuss the occupational prevention knowledge and behaviors found among these farmers, and to identify the major occupational health risks of which they are not aware. These African-American farmers have substantial knowledge about occupational injury prevention. Prevention knowledge and behaviors among these farmers are organized into several themes, including general prevention behaviors, and specific acti

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Gremillion, Kristen J. "Early Agricultural Diet in Eastern North America: Evidence from Two Kentucky Rockshelters." American Antiquity 61, no. 3 (1996): 520–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/281838.

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Systematic quantitative analysis of desiccated human paleofeces from two rockshelters in eastern Kentucky has yielded new evidence for early agricultural diet in eastern North America. Results indicate that native cultigens (including sumpweed, sunflower, and chenopod) were sometimes significant dietary constituents as early as ca. 1000 B.C., at least a millennium before agricultural economies became widespread across the region. However, variability in the quantity and frequency of cultigen remains suggests a dietary role that was somewhat limited compared to the practices of later Woodland p

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Brewer, Rosemary, and Alan Cocker. "The ‘New Way’ of Shopping: Farmers Trading Company Catalogues 1909 – 1938." Back Story Journal of New Zealand Art, Media & Design History, no. 3 (December 1, 2017): 87–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.24135/backstory.vi3.30.

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In August this year Australasian retailers were informed of an approaching “Death Star”1. The American online retail giant Amazon announced plans to open its first major Australian warehouse, what it called a ‘fulfillment centre’, in suburban Melbourne. In New Zealand retailers were reported as being “spooked by the ‘Amazon Effect’” according to researchers at Massey University2 who found that business confidence had fallen since 2016 and the global online retailer was being cited as the main reason for uncertainty. With the opening of the Australian warehouse it was estimated that Amazon coul

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Cunfer, Geoff. "Manure Matters on the Great Plains Frontier." Journal of Interdisciplinary History 34, no. 4 (2004): 539–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/002219504773512534.

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American farmers followed a long-term sequence of clearing land, farming it for several decades, and then abandoning it in favor of new land elsewhere. For 300 years, farmers moved across the continent until they reached the Great Plains, and the end of the frontier, in the 1870s. Fertility and crop yields declined for fifty years by the 1930s, an agricultural crisis was looming. Only the adoption of synthetic fertilizer after World War II allowed farmers to continue annual cropping.

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Acevedo-Siaca, Liana, and Peter D. Goldsmith. "Soy-Maize Crop Rotations in Sub-Saharan Africa: A Literature Review." International Journal of Agronomy 2020 (August 27, 2020): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/8833872.

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Empirical evidence shows complementarity between maize and soybean as a sustained agricultural system across North and South America as well as Eastern Europe. The potential application to sub-Saharan Africa motivates this literature review. Maize is one of the most important crops on the African subcontinent, accounting for over half of daily caloric intake in some regions. However, continuous cropping of maize has led to extensive degradation of soil and decrease in crop productivity and endangers household food and nutritional security. The cultivation of soybean holds great promise in impr

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Stein, Judith. "Whiteness and United States History: An Assessment." International Labor and Working-Class History 60 (October 2001): 1–2. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0147547901004379.

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Scholarly interest in “whiteness,” white racial identity, and the social construction of race in general has grown dramatically over the past decade. ILWCH decided to examine whiteness because we thought that the body of work associated with the idea had not been critically assessed. Although David Brody correctly notes that the first book to use the idea was Alexander Saxton's The Rise and Fall of the White Republic: Class Politics and Mass Culture in Nineteenth-Century America (New York, 1990), David R. Roediger's The Wages of Whiteness: Race and the Making of the American Working Class (New

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Barlow, K. Renee. "Predicting Maize Agriculture among the Fremont: An Economic Comparison of Farming and Foraging in the American Southwest." American Antiquity 67, no. 1 (2002): 65–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2694877.

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Variation in the costs and benefits of maize agriculture relative to local foraging opportunities structured variation in the relative intensity of agricultural strategies pursued by prehistoric peoples in the American Southwest. The material remains of Fremont farmers and horticulturists, long identified as the "northern periphery" of Southwestern archaeological traditions, are examined as a case representing extreme intersite variation in the economic importance of farming. New data quantifying the energetic gains associated with maize agriculture in Latin America are compared to caloric ret

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Palumbo, Galvao, Nicoletto, Sambo, and Barcaccia. "Diversity Analysis of Sweet Potato Genetic Resources Using Morphological and Qualitative Traits and Molecular Markers." Genes 10, no. 11 (2019): 840. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/genes10110840.

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The European Union (EU) market for sweet potatoes has increased by 100% over the last five years, and sweet potato cultivation in southern European countries is a new opportunity for the EU to exploit and introduce new genotypes. In view of this demand, the origins of the principal Italian sweet potato clones, compared with a core collection of genotypes from Central and Southern America, were investigated for the first time. This was accomplished by combining a genetic analysis, exploiting 14 hypervariable microsatellite markers, with morphological and chemical measurements based on 16 parame

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Clarke, Sally. "New Deal Regulation and the Revolution in American Farm Productivity. A Case Study of the Diffusion of the Tractor in the Corn Ielt, 1920–1940." Journal of Economic History 51, no. 1 (1991): 101–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022050700038389.

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Based on the cost savings of tractors relative to horses, nearly twice as many farmers in the Corn Belt should have invested in tractors as actually did so in the 1920s. During the Great Depression, however, the proportion of farmers owning tractors jumped from 25 to 40 percent. I argue that financial barriers explain farmers' reluctance to buy this expensive invention during the 1920s, while two New Deal regulatory agencies altered farmers' investment climate and spurred the adoption of capital equipment.

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Prufer, Keith M., Mark Robinson, and Douglas J. Kennett. "TERMINAL PLEISTOCENE THROUGH MIDDLE HOLOCENE OCCUPATIONS IN SOUTHEASTERN MESOAMERICA: LINKING ECOLOGY AND CULTURE IN THE CONTEXT OF NEOTROPICAL FORAGERS AND EARLY FARMERS." Ancient Mesoamerica 32, no. 3 (2021): 439–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0956536121000195.

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AbstractData from rock shelters in southern Belize show evidence of tool making, hunting, and aquatic resource exploitation by 10,500 cal b.c.; the shelters functioned as mortuary sites between 7600 and 2000 cal b.c. Early Holocene contexts contain stemmed and barbed bifaces as part of a tradition found broadly throughout the neotropics. After around 6000 cal b.c., bifacial tools largely disappear from the record, likely reflecting a shift to increasing reliance on plant foods, around the same time that the earliest domesticates appear in the archaeological record in the neotropics. We suggest

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Savchenko, M., V. Kulyavets, and Yu Burlak. "Problems and prospects of Ukraines economic cooperation with the countries of the north american free trade zone." Galic'kij ekonomičnij visnik 74, no. 1 (2022): 187–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.33108/galicianvisnyk_tntu2022.01.187.

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The paper considers the theoretical foundations of international economic integration. There were certain features of process of economic integration in North America on the way of creation of free trade zone between the USA, Canada, and Mexico. The structural analysis of NAFTA and certain further prospects of development of relations of the North American countries was also conducted with Ukraine in the conditions of integration in a world economy. The methods of scientific research that were used to achieve the goal and to solve the tasks of the article are the following: systematic structur

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Iroh, Emmanuel, and Helen Aghamelu. "Combating climate change through development communication: the Agricola multipurpose experience." Nigeria Theatre Journal: A Journal of the Society of Nigeria Theatre Artists 24, no. 1 (2024): 106–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/ntj.v24i1.10.

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The need to educate farmers through the use of development communication (DC) techniques in ensuring food security necessitated this study. Climate change affects farmers who depend on natural rain-fed farming and agriculture. During such change, crops, seedlings, stored food, farming implements as well as storage facilities/infrastructures are damaged, leading to food insecurity. The work is hinged on the t Technology Determinism Theory (TDT) attributed to the American sociologist, Thorstein Veblen, which insists that technology, technological development, communications technology and media

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Edelman, Marc. "Transnational Peasant Politics in Central America." Latin American Research Review 33, no. 3 (1998): 49–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0023879100038425.

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Since the late 1980s, peasants throughout Central America have begun to coordinate political and economic strategy. Agriculturalists from the five republics that constituted “la patria grande” of Spanish Central America (Guatemala, El Salvador, Honduras, Nicaragua, and Costa Rica) as well as representatives from Panama and Belize have founded regional organizations that meet to compare experiences with free-market policies, share new technologies, develop sources of finance, and create channels for marketing their products abroad. They have also established a presence in the increasingly dista

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Owens, Geoffrey Ross. "‘We are not farmers’: Dilemmas and prospects of residential suburban cultivators in contemporary Dar es Salaam, Tanzania." Journal of Modern African Studies 54, no. 3 (2016): 443–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022278x16000392.

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ABSTRACTToday, a majority of citizens of Dar es Salaam, Tanzania, participate in suburban and exurban growth and development much like urbanites throughout the world. Unlike the garden suburbs of North America or Europe, Dar es Salaam's suburban residents often engage in multiple income-generating activities, the most common and conspicuous of which are cultivation and animal husbandry. The presence of urban farming has suggested that Dar es Salaam's residents represent peasants incrementally transitioning to urban life. This article however, contends that everything from the varieties of cult

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Cardina, John. "Fields of Change, A New Crop of American Farmers Finds Alternatives to Pesticides." Journal of Environmental Quality 28, no. 4 (1999): 1385–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.2134/jeq1999.00472425002800040051x.

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Altman, Ida. "Spanish Hidalgos and America: The Ovandos of Cáceres." Americas 43, no. 3 (1987): 323–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1006767.

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The image of the lone and footloose venturer, all but penniless, striking out for the Indies seeking immediate enrichment, has long since given way to a more balanced picture of the Spanish settlers of the New World in the sixteenth century. This revised picture suggests that the Spanish emigrants had their origins principally in a wide middle sector of social and occupational groups, ranging from hidalgos below the level of the high nobility, professionals and officials, to artisans and tradespeople of all sorts, farmers, and an impressive number of “servants.” One component of the earlier im

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