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Articles de revues sur le sujet « Obligate parthenogenesis »

Auteur : Grafiati

Publié le 7 juin 2025

Mis à jour le 2 août 2025

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1

HALES, DINAH F., ALEX C. C. WILSON, MATHEW A. SLOANE, JEAN-CHRISTOPHE SIMON, JEAN-FRANÇOIS LEGALLIC, and PAUL SUNNUCKS. "Lack of detectable genetic recombination on the X chromosome during the parthenogenetic production of female and male aphids." Genetical Research 79, no. 3 (2002): 203–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0016672302005657.

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We used polymorphic microsatellite markers to look for recombination during parthenogenetic oogenesis between the X chromosomes of aphids of the tribe Macrosiphini. We examined the X chromosome because it comprises ∼25% of the genome and previous cytological observations of chromosome pairing and nucleolar organizer (NOR) heteromorphism suggest recombination, although the same is not true for autosomes. A total of 564 parthenogenetic females of Myzus clones with three distinct reproductive modes (cyclical parthenogenesis, obligate parthenogenesis and obligate parthenogenesis with male producti

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Martinez-Torres, D., A. Moya, P. D. N. Hebert, and J. C. Simon. "Geographic distribution and seasonal variation of mitochondrial DNA haplotypes in the aphid Rhopalosiphum padi (Hemiptera: Aphididae)." Bulletin of Entomological Research 87, no. 2 (1997): 161–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0007485300027309.

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AbstractThis study examines the spatial and seasonal patterning of mitochondrial DNA diversity in French populations of the bird cherry-oat aphid, Rhopalosiphum padi (Linnaeus), on both its primary and secondary hosts. Our results confirm the presence of two major mitochondrial lineages that are generally associated with the breeding system variation (cyclic and obligate parthenogenesis) shown by this species. The strength of this relationship varies regionally, being most evident in the south and west. Cyclically parthenogenetic populations show no significant regional or seasonal genetic div

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Xu, Sen, Trung V. Huynh, and Marelize Snyman. "The transcriptomic signature of obligate parthenogenesis." Heredity 128, no. 2 (2022): 132–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41437-022-00498-1.

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Innes, David J. "Geographic patterns of genetic differentiation among sexual populations of Daphnia pulex." Canadian Journal of Zoology 69, no. 4 (1991): 995–1003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/z91-144.

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Previous surveys have shown that most populations of Daphnia pulex in the Great Lakes watershed reproduce by obligate parthenogenesis. Cyclically parthenogenetic populations, in which there is sexual reproduction, are confined to only a few isolated areas. The present study assessed genetic variation within and among 11 cyclically parthenogenetic populations. The results for six polymorphic enzyme loci showed that variation within the populations conformed to that expected for populations with frequent sexual reproduction. Seven of the populations sampled in 1988 were previously sampled in eit

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Mandrioli, M., E. Zanetti, A. Nardelli, and G. C. Manicardi. "Potential role of the heat shock protein 90 (hsp90) in buffering mutations to favour cyclical parthenogenesis in the peach potato aphid Myzus persicae (Aphididae, Hemiptera)." Bulletin of Entomological Research 109, no. 4 (2018): 426–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0007485318000688.

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AbstractHeat-shock proteins 90 (hsp90s) are a class of molecules able to stabilize a network of ‘client’ proteins that are involved in several processes. Furthermore, recent studies indicated that mutations in the hsp90-encoding gene induce a wide range of phenotypic abnormalities, which have been interpreted as an increased sensitivity of different developmental pathways to hidden/cryptic mutations. In order to verify the role of hsp90 in aphids, we amplified and sequenced the hsp90 gene in 17 lineages of the peach potato aphid Myzus persicae (Sulzer, 1776) looking for the presence of mutatio

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Snehal, Kakde Sakshi Shinde Anushka Kamble. "Parthenogenesis: An Expansive Review of Asexual Reproduction in Plants and Animals." International Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences 3, no. 5 (2025): 1320–33. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15374663.

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Parthenogenesis represents a distinctive form of asexual reproduction wherein embryos originate from unfertilized eggs. Once considered merely a biological anomaly, it has now been documented across a wide range of taxa, including invertebrates, vertebrates, and plants. Parthenogenesis provides valuable insights into developmental biology, genetics, and evolutionary processes. This review examines its classification, mechanisms, distribution, evolutionary significance, molecular foundations, and emerging roles in biotechnology and conservation. By integrating historical observations with conte

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Pijnacker, Laas, and (Hans) van der Beek. "Maintenance of genetic variation in automictic root-knot nematodes." Nematology 10, no. 3 (2008): 313–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/156854108783900221.

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AbstractDifferences in amplified fragment length polymorphisms (AFLP) between isolates and between mono-female lines of facultative automictic Meloidogyne hapla race A and obligate apomictic M. incognita were determined to test the hypothesis that inverted meiosis occurs. DNA of the parthenogenetic nematode lines were extracted from juveniles, which had been propagated for two generations, allowing males in M. hapla lines to be formed and fertilisation to take place. Based on AFLP analysis, the genetic distance between mono-female lines of M. incognita appeared to be almost nil. By contrast, t

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Innes, David J., and Paul D. N. Hebert. "THE ORIGIN AND GENETIC BASIS OF OBLIGATE PARTHENOGENESIS INDAPHNIA PULEX." Evolution 42, no. 5 (1988): 1024–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1558-5646.1988.tb02521.x.

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Mikát, Michael, and Jakub Straka. "Genetic evidence for parthenogenesis in the small carpenter bee Ceratina dallatoreana (Apidae, Ceratinini) in its native distribution range." Journal of Hymenoptera Research 95 (February 17, 2023): 199–213. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/jhr.95.87165.

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Arrhenotoky is the typical mode of reproduction in Hymenoptera. Diploid females develop from fertilized eggs, whereas haploid males originate from unfertilized eggs. However, some taxa of Hymenoptera have evolved thelytoky, in which diploid females originate parthenogenetically from unfertilized diploid eggs. In contrast to some other hymenopteran lineages, like ants and parasitic wasps, thelytoky is generally very rare in bees. Here, we evaluated the frequency of thelytoky in the small carpenter bee Ceratina dallatoreana, which was previously assumed to be thelytokous. By comparing genotypes

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Mikát, Michael, and Jakub Straka. "Genetic evidence for parthenogenesis in the small carpenter bee Ceratina dallatoreana (Apidae, Ceratinini) in its native distribution range." Journal of Hymenoptera Research 95 (February 17, 2023): 199–213. https://doi.org/10.3897/jhr.95.87165.

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Arrhenotoky is the typical mode of reproduction in Hymenoptera. Diploid females develop from fertilized eggs, whereas haploid males originate from unfertilized eggs. However, some taxa of Hymenoptera have evolved thelytoky, in which diploid females originate parthenogenetically from unfertilized diploid eggs. In contrast to some other hymenopteran lineages, like ants and parasitic wasps, thelytoky is generally very rare in bees. Here, we evaluated the frequency of thelytoky in the small carpenter bee Ceratina dallatoreana, which was previously assumed to be thelytokous. By comparing genotypes

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Nokkala, Seppo, Valentina G. Kuznetsova, and Christina Nokkala. "Characteristics of parthenogenesis in Cacopsylla ledi (Flor, 1861) (Hemiptera, Sternorryncha, Psylloidea): cytological and molecular approaches." Comparative Cytogenetics 11, no. (4) (2017): 807–17. https://doi.org/10.3897/CompCytogen.v11i4.21362.

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Characteristics of parthenogenesis in Cacopsylla ledi (Flor, 1861) were analyzed using cytological and molecular approaches. In all three populations studied from Finland, i.e. Turku, Kustavi and Siikajoki, males were present at a low frequency but were absent from a population from Vorkuta, Russia. In a follow-up study conducted in the Turku population during 2010–2016, the initial frequency of males was ca. 10 % and showed no intraseasonal variation, but then dramatically decreased down to approximately 1–2 % level in seasons 2015–2016. Male meiosis was chiasmate with some traces of chromoso

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Innes, David J., and Paul D. N. Hebert. "The Origin and Genetic Basis of Obligate Parthenogenesis in Daphnia pulex." Evolution 42, no. 5 (1988): 1024. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2408918.

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Scheuerl, T., S. Riss, and C. P. Stelzer. "Phenotypic Effects of an Allele Causing Obligate Parthenogenesis in a Rotifer." Journal of Heredity 102, no. 4 (2011): 409–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jhered/esr036.

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Constable, George W. A., and Hanna Kokko. "Parthenogenesis and the Evolution of Anisogamy." Cells 10, no. 9 (2021): 2467. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cells10092467.

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Recently, it was pointed out that classic models for the evolution of anisogamy do not take into account the possibility of parthenogenetic reproduction, even though sex is facultative in many relevant taxa (e.g., algae) that harbour both anisogamous and isogamous species. Here, we complement this recent analysis with an approach where we assume that the relationship between progeny size and its survival may differ between parthenogenetically and sexually produced progeny, favouring either the former or the latter. We show that previous findings that parthenogenesis can stabilise isogamy relat

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HULLÉ, MAURICE, D. PANNETIER, J. C. SIMON, P. VERNON, and Y. FRENOT. "Aphids of sub-Antarctic Îles Crozet and Kerguelen: species diversity, host range and spatial distribution." Antarctic Science 15, no. 2 (2003): 203–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0954102003001184.

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The native terrestrial food web of sub-Antarctic islands is dominated by decomposers with rare herbivores and almost no predators. As a consequence of increasing human activities, the number of alien plants and invertebrates species, including phytophagous species, has been dramatically rising on these islands. These repeated introductions seem likely to have a great impact on the ecosystem functioning. This is the first detailed study on species diversity, host range and spatial distribution of aphids on French sub-Antarctic islands. Six cosmopolitan and polyphagous aphid species have been re

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Gavrilov-Zimin, I. A., and D. A. Gapon. "New Afrotropical scale insect pests (Homoptera: Coccinea) under glass in St Petersburg, Russia." Zoosystematica Rossica 25, no. 2 (2016): 233–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.31610/zsr/2016.25.2.233.

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Two Afrotropical scale insect species, Trochiscococcus speciosus (De Lotto, 1961) and Ripersiella aloes (Williams et Pellizzari, 1997), are recorded for the first time in Russia, St Petersburg, under glass on the roots of Gasteria sp. (Asphodelaceae). The first species is morphologically described and illustrated by a standard total coccidological figure and by the photograph; a study of the reproductive biology of this species revealed an obligate ovoviviparity, parthenogenesis (thelytoky) and the chromosomal number 2n=10. The quarantine status for both species is advised on the territory of

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Kellner, K., J. N. Seal, and J. Heinze. "Sex at the margins: parthenogenesis vs. facultative and obligate sex in a Neotropical ant." Journal of Evolutionary Biology 26, no. 1 (2012): 108–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jeb.12025.

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Tsuji, K. "Obligate parthenogenesis and reproductive division of labor in the Japanese queenless ant Pristomyrmex pungens." Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology 23, no. 4 (1988): 247–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00302947.

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Russell, J. E., and R. Stouthamer. "The genetics and evolution of obligate reproductive parasitism in Trichogramma pretiosum infected with parthenogenesis-inducing Wolbachia." Heredity 106, no. 1 (2010): 58–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/hdy.2010.48.

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Musiał, Krystyna, Patrycja Górka, Maria Kościńska-Pająk, and Paweł Marciniuk. "Embryological studies in Taraxacum udum Jordan (sect. Palustria)." Botany 91, no. 9 (2013): 614–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjb-2013-0022.

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The present paper reports our observations on the mode of reproduction in Taraxacum udum (sect. Palustria), a very rare species in Poland, known only from a single locality. Based on the analysis of the developmental processes in the ovules, it can be concluded that this bog dandelion is an obligate and autonomous apomict. Its reproduction involves (i) restitutional diplospory, also known as Taraxacum type; (ii) parthenogenesis; and (iii) autonomous endosperm formation. Moreover, observations on the anatomy of ovules confirmed the occurrence of a special storage tissue around the embryo sac, w

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Schinkel, Christoph C. F., Eleni Syngelaki, Bernhard Kirchheimer, Stefan Dullinger, Simone Klatt, and Elvira Hörandl. "Epigenetic Patterns and Geographical Parthenogenesis in the Alpine Plant Species Ranunculus kuepferi (Ranunculaceae)." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 21, no. 9 (2020): 3318. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms21093318.

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Polyploidization and the shift to apomictic reproduction are connected to changes in DNA cytosine-methylation. Cytosine-methylation is further sensitive to environmental conditions. We, therefore, hypothesize that DNA methylation patterns would differentiate within species with geographical parthenogenesis, i.e., when diploid sexual and polyploid apomictic populations exhibit different spatial distributions. On natural populations of the alpine plant Ranunculus kuepferi, we tested differences in methylation patterns across two cytotypes (diploid, tetraploid) and three reproduction modes (sexua

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HALES, DINAH F., MATHEW A. SLOANE, ALEX C. C. WILSON, and PAUL SUNNUCKS. "Segregation of autosomes during spermatogenesis in the peach-potato aphid (Myzus persicae) (Sulzer) (Hemiptera: Aphididae)." Genetical Research 79, no. 2 (2002): 119–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s001667230100550x.

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Most aphids are cyclic parthenogens, so are ideal models in studies of the mechanisms and consequences of sex and recombination. However, owing to a shortage of physical and genetic markers, there have been few studies of the most fundamental genetic processes in these organisms. For example, it is not known whether autosomal segregation during male spermatogenesis is in Mendelian proportions: we address that question here. The aphid Myzus persicae has a typical karyotype of 2n = 12 in females (XX), while males are XO (2n = 11). During male meiosis, only the spermatocytes with an X chromosome

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Dedryver, C.-A., J.-F. Le Gallic, F. Mahéo, J.-C. Simon, and F. Dedryver. "The genetics of obligate parthenogenesis in an aphid species and its consequences for the maintenance of alternative reproductive modes." Heredity 110, no. 1 (2012): 39–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/hdy.2012.57.

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WILSON, ALEX C. C., and PAUL SUNNUCKS. "The genetic outcomes of sex and recombination in long-term functionally parthenogenetic lineages of Australian Sitobion aphids." Genetical Research 87, no. 3 (2006): 175–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0016672306008202.

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The typical life cycle of an aphid is cyclical parthenogenesis which involves the alternation of sexual and asexual reproduction. However, aphid life cycles, even within a species, can encompass everything on a continuum from obligate sexuality, through facultative sexuality to obligate asexuality. Loss of the sexual cycle in aphids is frequently associated with the introduction of a new pest and can occur for a number of environmental and genetic reasons. Here we investigate loss of sexual function in Sitobion aphids in Australia. Specifically, we aimed to determine whether an absence of sexu

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Zeng, Yue, Nan Wei, Qing Wang, Nataliia S. Iakovenko, Ying Li, and Yufeng Yang. "Bdelloid rotifers (Rotifera, Bdelloidea) of China: diversity and new records." ZooKeys 941 (June 16, 2020): 1–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.941.50465.

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Bdelloid rotifers are a group of microscopic invertebrates known for their obligate parthenogenesis and exceptional resistance to extreme environments. Their diversity and distributions are poorly studied in Asia, especially in China. In order to better understand the species distribution and diversity of bdelloid rotifers in China, a scientific surveys of habitats was conducted with 61 samples (both terrestrial and aquatic habitats) from 11 provinces and regions of China, ranging from tropics to subtropics with a specific focus on poorly sampled areas (Oriental) during September 2017 to Octob

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Harris, Harriet L., and Henk R. Braig. "Sperm chromatin remodelling and Wolbachia-induced cytoplasmic incompatibility in Drosophila." Biochemistry and Cell Biology 81, no. 3 (2003): 229–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/o03-053.

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Wolbachia pipientis is an obligate bacterial endosymbiont, which has successfully invaded approximately 20% of all insect species by manipulating their normal developmental patterns. Wolbachia-induced phenotypes include parthenogenesis, male killing, and, most notably, cytoplasmic incompatibility. In the future these phenotypes might be useful in controlling or modifying insect populations but this will depend on our understanding of the basic molecular processes underlying insect fertilization and development. Wolbachia-infected Drosophila simulans express high levels of cytoplasmic incompati

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Zeng, Yue, Nan Wei, Qing Wang, Nataliia S. Iakovenko, Ying Li, and Yufeng Yang. "Bdelloid rotifers (Rotifera, Bdelloidea) of China: diversity and new records." ZooKeys 941 (June 16, 2020): 1–23. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.941.50465.

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Bdelloid rotifers are a group of microscopic invertebrates known for their obligate parthenogenesis and exceptional resistance to extreme environments. Their diversity and distributions are poorly studied in Asia, especially in China. In order to better understand the species distribution and diversity of bdelloid rotifers in China, a scientific surveys of habitats was conducted with 61 samples (both terrestrial and aquatic habitats) from 11 provinces and regions of China, ranging from tropics to subtropics with a specific focus on poorly sampled areas (Oriental) during September 2017 to Octob

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Dedukh, Dmitrij, Zuzana Majtánová, Anatolie Marta, et al. "Parthenogenesis as a Solution to Hybrid Sterility: The Mechanistic Basis of Meiotic Distortions in Clonal and Sterile Hybrids." Genetics 215, no. 4 (2020): 975–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1534/genetics.119.302988.

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Hybrid sterility is a hallmark of speciation, but the underlying molecular mechanisms remain poorly understood. Here, we report that speciation may regularly proceed through a stage at which gene flow is completely interrupted, but hybrid sterility occurs only in male hybrids whereas female hybrids reproduce asexually. We analyzed gametogenic pathways in hybrids between the fish species Cobitis elongatoides and C. taenia, and revealed that male hybrids were sterile owing to extensive asynapsis and crossover reduction among heterospecific chromosomal pairs in their gametes, which was subsequent

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Kolarčik, Vladislav, Valéria Kocová, Vlastimil Mikoláš, Lenka Mártonfiová, Nikola Hajdučeková, and Pavol Mártonfi. "Variability of Reproduction Pathways in the Central-European Populations of Hawthorns with Emphasis on Triploids." Plants 11, no. 24 (2022): 3497. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants11243497.

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The role of apomeiosis, parthenogenesis, and pseudogamy in the asexual reproduction of some plant groups has not been fully elucidated in relation to species diversification. Quantitative analyses of seed origin may help in gaining better understanding of intercytotypic interactions. Asexual reproduction associated with polyploidy and frequent hybridization plays a crucial role in the evolutionary history of the genus Crataegus in North America. In Europe, the genus represents a taxonomically complex and very difficult species group not often studied using a modern biosystematic approach. We i

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Burke, Nathan W., and Russell Bonduriansky. "The geography of sex: sexual conflict, environmental gradients and local loss of sex in facultatively parthenogenetic animals." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 373, no. 1757 (2018): 20170422. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2017.0422.

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Obligately asexual organisms tend to occur at higher altitudes or latitudes and occupy larger ranges than their obligately sexual relatives—a phenomenon called geographical parthenogenesis. Some facultatively parthenogenetic organisms that reproduce both sexually and asexually also exhibit spatial variation in reproductive mode. Theory suggests that sexual conflict and mate limitation can determine the relative frequency of sex in facultative parthenogens, but the effect of these dynamics on spatial distributions is unknown. Here, we use individual-based models to investigate whether these dyn

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IDOGAWA, NAOTO, AYAKO GOTOH, and SHIGETO DOBATA. "Morphology of immatures of the thelytokous ant, Monomorium triviale Wheeler (Formicidae: Myrmicinae: Solenopsidini) with descriptions of the extraordinary last-instar queen larvae." Zootaxa 5105, no. 2 (2022): 253–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5105.2.5.

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The ant genus Monomorium is one of the most species-rich but taxonomically problematic groups in the hyperdiverse subfamily Myrmicinae. An East Asian species, M. triviale Wheeler, produces both reproductive queens and sterile workers via obligate thelytokous parthenogenesis. Here, we describe the immature forms of M. triviale based on light and scanning electron microscopy observations, with a note on the striking caste dimorphism in the last larval instar. The last-instar queen larvae were easily recognized by their large size, “aphaenogastroid” body shape, and rows of doorknob-like tubercles

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Tinti, Fausto, and Franca Scanabissi. "Reproduction and genetic variation in clam shrimps (Crustacea, Branchiopoda, Conchostraca)." Canadian Journal of Zoology 74, no. 5 (1996): 824–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/z96-095.

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Samples of the three clam shrimp species, Eoleptestheria ticinensis and Leptestheria dahalacensis (Leptestheriidae) and Limnadia lenticularis were collected in north Italian rice paddies in Emilia and Lombardy. Sex-ratio analysis revealed that in the two species of Leptestheriidae, males are more frequent than females, whereas L. lenticularis has an all-female constitution. Allozyme analysis showed a low degree of genetic variation, the values of polymorphism parameters being very similar to those found for other Branchiopoda. In the Leptestheriidae it was generally found that genotypic freque

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Rubio-Meléndez, María E., Joceline Barrios-SanMartin, Felipe E. Pina-Castro, Christian C. Figueroa, and Claudio C. Ramirez. "Asexual reproduction of a few genotypes favored the invasion of the cereal aphid Rhopalosiphum padi in Chile." PeerJ 7 (July 26, 2019): e7366. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.7366.

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Background Aphids (Hemiptera: Aphididae) are insects with one of the highest potentials for invasion. Several aphid species are present globally due to introduction events; they represent important pests of agroecosystems. The bird cherry-oat aphid Rhopalosiphum padi (Linnaeus) is a major pest of cereals and pasture grasses worldwide. Here, we report the genetic features of populations of R. padi that colonize different cereal crops in central Chile. Methods Rhopalosiphum padi individuals were collected in central Chile and genotyped at six microsatellite loci. The most frequent multilocus gen

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Dobson, Stephen L., Eric J. Marsland, Zoe Veneti, Kostas Bourtzis, and Scott L. O'Neill. "Characterization of Wolbachia Host Cell Range via the In Vitro Establishment of Infections." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 68, no. 2 (2002): 656–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.68.2.656-660.2002.

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ABSTRACT Maternally transmitted bacteria of the genus Wolbachia are obligate, intracellular symbionts that are frequently found in insects and cause a diverse array of reproductive manipulations, including cytoplasmic incompatibility, male killing, parthenogenesis, and feminization. Despite the existence of a broad range of scientific interest, many aspects of Wolbachia research have been limited to laboratories with insect-rearing facilities. The inability to culture these bacteria outside of the invertebrate host has also led to the existing bias of Wolbachia research toward infections that

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Perkovsky, Evgeny, and Piotr Wegierek. "Aphid–Buchnera–Ant symbiosis; or why are aphids rare in the tropics and very rare further south?" Earth and Environmental Science Transactions of the Royal Society of Edinburgh 107, no. 2-3 (2016): 297–310. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1755691017000147.

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ABSTRACTAt least since the Cretaceous Terrestrial Revolution, the geographical distribution of aphids, particularly in the Northern Hemisphere, has been strongly affected by the low thermal tolerance of their obligatory bacterial symbiont, Buchnera aphidicola, which was why the aphids switched to obligate parthenogenesis in low latitudes. Hormaphidids and greenideids penetrated into the tropics only after the Oligocene strengthening of climate seasonality, and specialisations of the tropical representatives of these families did not allow them to spread further south (in the case of cerataphid

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Shigenobu, Shuji, Shinichi Yoda, Sonoko Ohsawa, and Miyuzu Suzuki. "Refined CRISPR/Cas9 genome editing in the pea aphid uncovers the essential roles of Laccase2 in overwintering egg adaptation." PLOS Genetics 21, no. 7 (2025): e1011557. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgen.1011557.

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The production of overwintering eggs is a critical adaptation for winter survival among many insects. Melanization contributes to eggshell pigmentation and hardening, consequently enhancing resistance to environmental stress. The complex life cycle of the pea aphid (Acyrthosiphon pisum), a model hemipteran insect with remarkable reproductive capacity, involves cyclical parthenogenesis. It enables the production of black overwintering eggs that undergo obligate diapause to survive under unfavorable conditions. Laccase2 (Lac2) is essential for cuticle sclerotization and pigmentation in other ins

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FERRINGTON JR., LEONARDO C., and OLE A. SÆTHER. "A revision of the genera Pseudosmittia Edwards, 1932, Allocladius Kieffer, 1913, and Hydrosmittia gen. n. (Diptera: Chironomidae, Orthocladiinae)." Zootaxa 2849, no. 1 (2011): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.2849.1.1.

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The genera Pseudosmittia Edwards, 1932, and Allocladius Kieffer, 1913, supported by parsimony analysis, can be divided into three groups, Pseudosmittia, Allocladius and Hydrosmittia gen. n. Generic diagnoses to all stages and both sexes of all three genera are given. The mostly Neotropical and Afrotropical Allocladius together with the mostly Holarctic and Afrotropical Hydrosmittia form the sister group of the more widespread Pseudosmittia. Allocladius in addition to some basal species is divided into a paraphyletic nearly Cosmopolitan fortispinatus group, a monotypic Afrotropical soemmei grou

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Chen, Hongli, Mengwen Zhang, and Mark Hochstrasser. "The Biochemistry of Cytoplasmic Incompatibility Caused by Endosymbiotic Bacteria." Genes 11, no. 8 (2020): 852. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/genes11080852.

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Many species of arthropods carry maternally inherited bacterial endosymbionts that can influence host sexual reproduction to benefit the bacterium. The most well-known of such reproductive parasites is Wolbachia pipientis. Wolbachia are obligate intracellular α-proteobacteria found in nearly half of all arthropod species. This success has been attributed in part to their ability to manipulate host reproduction to favor infected females. Cytoplasmic incompatibility (CI), a phenomenon wherein Wolbachia infection renders males sterile when they mate with uninfected females, but not infected femal

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Aradottir, Gudbjorg I., Steven J. Hanley, C. Matilda Collins, et al. "Population genetics of Tuberolachnus salignus, an obligate parthenogenetic aphid." Agricultural and Forest Entomology 14, no. 2 (2011): 197–205. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1461-9563.2011.00559.x.

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Ricci, Marco, Andrea Luchetti, Livia Bonandin, and Barbara Mantovani. "Random DNA libraries from three species of the stick insect genus Bacillus (Insecta: Phasmida): repetitive DNA characterization and first observation of polyneopteran MITEs." Genome 56, no. 12 (2013): 729–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/gen-2013-0107.

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The repetitive DNA content of the stick insect species Bacillus rossius (facultative parthenogenetic), Bacillus grandii (gonochoric), and Bacillus atticus (obligate parthenogenetic) was analyzed through the survey of random genomic libraries roughly corresponding to 0.006% of the genome. By repeat masking, 19 families of transposable elements were identified (two LTR and six non-LTR retrotransposons; 11 DNA transposons). Moreover, a de novo analysis revealed, among the three libraries, the first MITE family observed in polyneopteran genomes. On the whole, transposable element abundance represe

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Michiels, Iris C., and Walter Traunspurger. "Benthic community patterns and the composition of feeding types and reproductive modes in freshwater nematodes." Nematology 7, no. 1 (2005): 21–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/1568541054192234.

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Abstract We characterised benthic invertebrate community composition in 11 oligotrophic, alpine lakes. Nematodes were the most abundant benthic taxa in most lakes but community composition differed markedly. Several relationships between the invertebrate taxa were found but there was no strong evidence that competition or predation shaped the benthic community structure. Most lakes were dominated by a few nematode species with cosmopolitan distribution. Obligate and/or facultative parthenogenetic species were most abundant. With increasing species richness, the overall sex-ratio increased and

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Asem, Alireza, Gonzalo Gajardo, Francisco Hontoria, et al. "The species problem in Artemia Leach, 1819 (Crustacea: Anostraca), a genus with sexual species and obligate parthenogenetic lineages." Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 202 (December 23, 2023): 1–8. https://doi.org/10.1093/zoolinnean/zlad192.

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Asem, Alireza, Gajardo, Gonzalo, Hontoria, Francisco, Yang, Chaojie, Chun, Shen, Yang, Rastegar, Nasrullah, Pouyani, Padhye, Sameer M., Sorgeloos, Patrick (2024): The species problem in Artemia Leach, 1819 (Crustacea: Anostraca), a genus with sexual species and obligate parthenogenetic lineages. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 202: 1-8, DOI: 10.1093/zoolinnean/zlad192

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Toline, C. Anna, and Michael Lynch. "Mutational divergence of life-history traits in an obligate parthenogen." Genome 37, no. 1 (1994): 33–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/g94-005.

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Three lines of obligately parthenogenetic Daphnia were allowed to diverge for a 4-year period (approximately 150 generations) with mutation as the sole source of variability. Life-history traits and morphological characters were then surveyed for between-line differences. Significant divergence was found with respect to both number and size of offspring, with no difference in total offspring biomass. No significant differences were found in any of the other characters. These results confirm the hypothesis that purely asexual lines can accumulate enough polygenic variation via mutation to suppo

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CONDE-PORCUNA, José M., Francisco Javier VALDÉS, Susana ROMO, and Carmen PÉREZ-MARTÍNEZ. "Ephippial and subitaneous egg abortion: relevance for an obligate parthenogenetic Daphnia population." Journal of Limnology 70, no. 1 (2011): 69. http://dx.doi.org/10.4081/jlimnol.2011.69.

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Stelzer, Claus-Peter. "The Cost of Sex and Competition between Cyclical and Obligate Parthenogenetic Rotifers." American Naturalist 177, no. 2 (2011): E43—E53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/657685.

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Asem, Alireza, Amin Eimanifar, Nasrullah Rastegar-Pouyani, et al. "An overview on the nomenclatural and phylogenetic problems of native Asian brine shrimps of the genus Artemia Leach, 1819 (Crustacea, Anostraca)." ZooKeys 902 (January 13, 2020): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.902.34593.

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The genus Artemia Leach, 1819 is a cosmopolitan halophilic crustacean, consisting of bisexual species and obligate parthenogenetic populations. Asia is rich in Artemia biodiversity. More than 530 Artemia sites have been recorded from this area and more than 20 species/subspecies/variety names have been used for them. There exist various problems in the nomenclature, identification, and phylogenetic status of Artemia native to Asia, which are discussed in this paper.

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Asem, Alireza, Amin Eimanifar, Nasrullah Rastegar-Pouyani, et al. "An overview on the nomenclatural and phylogenetic problems of native Asian brine shrimps of the genus Artemia Leach, 1819 (Crustacea, Anostraca)." ZooKeys 902 (January 13, 2020): 1–15. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.902.34593.

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The genus Artemia Leach, 1819 is a cosmopolitan halophilic crustacean, consisting of bisexual species and obligate parthenogenetic populations. Asia is rich in Artemia biodiversity. More than 530 Artemia sites have been recorded from this area and more than 20 species/subspecies/variety names have been used for them. There exist various problems in the nomenclature, identification, and phylogenetic status of Artemia native to Asia, which are discussed in this paper.

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Dedryver, Charles-Antoine, Joël Bonhomme, Jean-François Le Gallic, and Jean-Christophe Simon. "Differences in egg hatching time between cyclical and obligate parthenogenetic lineages of aphids." Insect Science 26, no. 1 (2017): 135–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1744-7917.12493.

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Glass, Shiona K., Anna Moszczynska, and Teresa J. Crease. "The effect of transposon Pokey insertions on sequence variation in the 28S rRNA gene of Daphnia pulex." Genome 51, no. 12 (2008): 988–1000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/g08-092.

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The goal of this study was to determine the impact of breeding system and the presence of the transposon Pokey on intraindividual variation in 28S rRNA genes. We PCR-amplified, cloned, and sequenced 1000 nucleotides downstream of the Pokey insertion site in genes with and without insertions from 10 obligately and 10 cyclically parthenogenetic isolates of Daphnia pulex. Variation among genes with Pokey insertions was higher than variation among genes without insertions in both cyclic and obligate isolates. Although the differences were not quite significant (p = 0.06 in both cases), the results

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Ruiz-Montoya, L., G. Zúñiga, R. Cisneros, Y. Salinas-Moreno, R. Peña-Martínez, and S. Machkour-M’Rabet. "Phenotypic and Genetic Variations in Obligate Parthenogenetic Populations of Eriosoma lanigerum Hausmann (Hemiptera: Aphididae)." Neotropical Entomology 44, no. 6 (2015): 534–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13744-015-0318-1.

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