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Zoltán, Erzsébet. « Office spaces for more innovation and space efficiency ». Pollack Periodica 9, no 2 (août 2014) : 67–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1556/pollack.9.2014.2.7.
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., Abimaje, Joshua ., Mohd Zin Bin Kandar et Dodo Yakubu Aminu. « Light Shelf as a Daylighting System in a Tropical Climate Office Space ». International Journal of Engineering & ; Technology 7, no 2.29 (22 mai 2018) : 798. http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/ijet.v7i2.29.14259.
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Daylighting is a passive design strategy for lighting office spaces given the fact that offices operate within daytime, usually between 8:00 am to 5:00 pm which corresponds to the period of daylight availability. Daylight is abundant in the tropics, free and has no negative impact on the environment. It has positive physiological and psychological effect on the man as well as good colour rendering. Ironically, despite the abundant availability and the merits of daylighting especially in the tropics, it is not fully utilized. A light shelf is one of the innovative daylighting systems that can be employed to improve office spaces daylighting performance. Therefore, the focus of this study is the application of light shelf as a daylighting system in government offices in Malaysia. This study was carried out through literature search on thirteen disciplines. The disciplines were building and environment, energy, and building, renewable and sustainable energy, energy conservation in Building, lighting research and technology, energy conservation and Management, Solar energy, renewable energy, indoor and built environment, energy policy, energy and buildings, renewable energy, and applied energy. Data were obtained from Science Direct, Web of Science, Scopus and Conference Proceedings. This was done by typing in keywords such as daylighting, light shelf, office spaces, visual performance, tropical climate, and Malaysia. The review was from 1986 to 2016 to cover the length and breadth of the study area for the past 30 years. This work includes previous review and empirical works. Attention was equally given to the methodologies and context of the work. The result of this study showed the poor daylighting performance of government office spaces in Malaysia. The daylighting in these offices is either too low as a result of the use of excessive external shading devices to reduce interior heat gain or too high due to over glazed wall for aesthetics and daylighting. Consequent upon these is inadequate daylighting illuminance, non-uniform illuminance distribution, and glare. This brings about visual discomfort. Also, the study revealed that light shelf as an innovative daylighting lighting system could improve the daylighting performance of these office spaces. The effectiveness of light shelf depends on the latitude, reflectance of light shelf material, the angle of inclination, its depth, mounting position among others. However, there exists little work on the effect of the depth of light shelf and the variation of its distance from the ceiling on the daylight performance of government office spaces in Malaysia. This paper, therefore, recommends investigation on the effect of the depth of light shelf and the variation of its distance from the ceiling on daylighting performance of government office spaces in Malaysia.
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Cui, Chen-Zhou, Markus Dolensky, Peter Quinn, Yong-Heng Zhao et Françoise Genova. « VOFilter : Bridging Virtual Observatory and Industrial Office Applications ». Chinese Journal of Astronomy and Astrophysics 6, no 3 (juin 2006) : 379–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1009-9271/6/3/14.
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Eriksson, Martin Ljungdahl, Ricardo Atienza et Lena Pareto. « The Sound Bubble : A context-sensitive space in the space ». Organised Sound 22, no 1 (7 mars 2017) : 130–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1355771816000418.
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The design of sonic environments is in need of more active strategies, taking into account not only the physical but also the social and sensorial aspects of a place. This implies abandoning traditional, mono-disciplinary responses in favour of interdisciplinary methods and approaches. In this study we explored the possibility of inserting context-sensitive sound textures to improve the experience of an activity-based office workplace. For this purpose, we developed the concept of the ‘sound bubble’ – a micro-space in which the user is embedded by a semi-transparent added sound environment that will operate as a subtle sound mask, attracting the attention without needing to hide the disturbing environment. This should help users (the workers) to stay in an ‘everyday listening’ mode. This means, not focusing on the environment in particular but on their tasks, while preserving the link with the surrounding space and activities.
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Bohlen, Marc, et Michael Mateas. « Office Plant #1 : Intimate Space and Contemplative Entertainment ». Leonardo 31, no 5 (1998) : 345. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1576593.
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Anderson, Carl, Carlo Bailey, Andrew Heumann et Daniel Davis. « Augmented space planning : Using procedural generation to automate desk layouts ». International Journal of Architectural Computing 16, no 2 (juin 2018) : 164–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1478077118778586.
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We developed a suite of procedural algorithms for space planning in commercial offices. These algorithms were benchmarked against 13,000 actual offices designed by human architects. The algorithm performed as well as an architect on 77% of offices, and achieved a higher capacity in an additional 6%, all while following a set of space standards. If the algorithm used the space standards the same way as an architect (a more relaxed interpretation), the algorithm achieved a 97% match rate, which means that the algorithm completed this design task as well as a designer and in a shorter time. The benchmarking of a layout algorithm against thousands of existing designs is a novel contribution of this article, and we argue that it might be a first step toward a more comprehensive method to automate parts of the office layout process.
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Landa-Silva, Dario, et Edmund K. Burke. « Asynchronous Cooperative Local Search for the Office-Space-Allocation Problem ». INFORMS Journal on Computing 19, no 4 (novembre 2007) : 575–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1287/ijoc.1060.0200.
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Bielskus, Jonas, Violeta Motuzienė, Tatjana Vilutienė et Audrius Indriulionis. « Occupancy Prediction Using Differential Evolution Online Sequential Extreme Learning Machine Model ». Energies 13, no 15 (4 août 2020) : 4033. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13154033.
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Despite increasing energy efficiency requirements, the full potential of energy efficiency is still unlocked; many buildings in the EU tend to consume more energy than predicted. Gathering data and developing models to predict occupants’ behaviour is seen as the next frontier in sustainable design. Measurements in the analysed open-space office showed accordingly 3.5 and 2.7 times lower occupancy compared to the ones given by DesignBuilder’s and EN 16798-1. This proves that proposed occupancy patterns are only suitable for typical open-space offices. The results of the previous studies and proposed occupancy prediction models have limited applications and limited accuracies. In this paper, the hybrid differential evolution online sequential extreme learning machine (DE-OSELM) model was applied for building occupants’ presence prediction in open-space office. The model was not previously applied in this area of research. It was found that prediction using experimentally gained indoor and outdoor parameters for the whole analysed period resulted in a correlation coefficient R2 = 0.72. The best correlation was found with indoor CO2 concentration—R2 = 0.71 for the analysed period. It was concluded that a 4 week measurement period was sufficient for the prediction of the building’s occupancy and that DE-OSELM is a fast and reliable model suitable for this purpose.
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Honda, Shinkuro, Hironari Tomioka, Takaaki Kimura, Takaharu Oosawa, Ken-ichi Okada et Yutaka Matsushita. « A company-office system “Valentine” providing informal communication and personal space based on 3D virtual space and avatars ». Information and Software Technology 41, no 6 (avril 1999) : 383–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0950-5849(98)00070-6.
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Uchino, Kenji. « Ceramic Actuators : Principles and Applications ». MRS Bulletin 18, no 4 (avril 1993) : 42–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/s0883769400037349.
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Piezoelectric and electrostrictive actuators, capable of moving something electromechanically, are forming a new field between electronic and structural ceramics. Application fields are classified into three categories: positioners, motors, and vibration suppressors. The manufacturing precision of optical instruments such as lasers and cameras, and the positioning accuracy for fabricating semiconductor chips, which must be adjusted using solidstate actuators, is of the order of 0.1 μm. Regarding conventional electromagnetic motors, tiny motors smaller than 1 cm3 are often required in office or factory automation equipment and are rather difficult to produce with sufficient energy efficiency. Ultrasonic motors whose efficiency is insensitive to size are superior in the minimotor area. Vibration suppression in space structures and military vehicles using piezoelectric actuators is also a promising technology.New solid-state displacement transducers controlled by temperature (shape memory alloy) or magnetic field (amorphous magnetostrictive alloy) have been proposed, but are generally inferior to the piezoelectric/electrostrictive actuators because of technological trends aimed at reduced driving power and miniaturization.
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Shan, Juan, Zhuo Huang, Sibo Chen, Yue Li et Wenli Ji. « Green Space Planning and Landscape Sustainable Design in Smart Cities considering Public Green Space Demands of Different Formats ». Complexity 2021 (24 juin 2021) : 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/5086636.
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The fast urban development leads to many complex problems. A smart city aims to solve these problems using scientific approaches. Urban Green Space (UGS) is a fundamental component of urban infrastructure. It needs to be upgraded simultaneously with the concept of the smart city. Methods of smart UGS planning and sustainable landscape design help integrate ecological performance and other functions of UGS. Smart UGS planning is a technical management tool and a human-centered smart application. A novel UGS classification method based on function combinations is proposed in the present work. Five types of UGS (Scenic UGS, Residential UGS, Commercial UGS, Office UGS, and Road UGS) in Baqiao District of Xi’an, Shaanxi Province, are selected as sample sites. Interviewees’ socio-economic attributes, visiting frequencies, and differences in demands are investigated. Eventually, the UGSs researched in this work are optimized based on public preferences and the current conditions of the sites. Results demonstrate the following. (1) The public’s preference for different types of UGS is different considerably. (2) Based on the public’s preference, Scenic UGS is improved in terms of quantity, function, and management; Residential UGS is upgraded regarding quantity and accessibility; and Commercial UGS, Office UGS, and Road UGS are improved in terms of quality. The results could provide methodological references for planning different types of UGS and innovative insights for smart UGS planning and sustainable landscape design.
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Li, Junye, Aryan Sharma, Deepak Mishra, Gustavo Batista et Aruna Seneviratne. « COVID-Safe Spatial Occupancy Monitoring Using OFDM-Based Features and Passive WiFi Samples ». ACM Transactions on Management Information Systems 12, no 4 (31 décembre 2021) : 1–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3472668.
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During the COVID-19 pandemic, authorities have been asking for social distancing to prevent transmission of the virus. However, enforcing such distancing has been challenging in tight spaces such as elevators and unmonitored commercial settings such as offices. This article addresses this gap by proposing a low-cost and non-intrusive method for monitoring social distancing within a given space, using Channel State Information (CSI) from passive WiFi sensing. By exploiting the frequency selective behavior of CSI with a Support Vector Machine (SVM) classifier, we achieve an improvement in accuracy over existing crowd counting works. Our system counts the number of occupants with a 93% accuracy rate in an elevator setting and predicts whether the COVID-Safe limit is breached with a 97% accuracy rate. We also demonstrate the occupant counting capability of the system in a commercial office setting, achieving 97% accuracy. Our proposed occupancy monitoring outperforms existing methods by at least 7%. Overall, the proposed framework is inexpensive, requiring only one device that passively collects data and a lightweight supervised learning algorithm for prediction. Our lightweight model and accuracy improvements are necessary contributions for WiFi-based counting to be suitable for COVID-specific applications.
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Pasquinelli, Mauro, Valter Basso, Lorenzo Rocci, Michele Cencetti, Carlo Vizzi et Stefano T. Chiadò. « Modelling and collaboration across organizations : Issues and a solution ». Concurrent Engineering 26, no 1 (4 septembre 2017) : 33–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1063293x17727045.
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This article describes the results of the space cluster of the Use-it-wisely project, which is investigating new business models implementing continuous product-service adaptation through a sequence of small innovative steps in six key industry sectors (clusters): energy, machinery, space, office workspace, vehicles manufacturing and shipbuilding. Six independent cluster developments and a common platform compose the main output. The space cluster (composed by TAS-I, ALTEC and Vastalla) researches a quick response through the use of model-based and simulation-based processes enabled by distributed environments across different organizations. TAS-I and ALTEC study the use of a web-based environment, a model-based tool and virtual reality and its interfaces with potential customers, using an internal project as reference case, including space and ground segments. Vastalla studies and develops the infrastructure able to connect different environments in different networks, including a customer front-end. This article shows the identified issues on collaboration with model-based approaches and the expected benefits.
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Agbaje, Ganiyu, Omowumi Alabi et Etim Offiong. « Education and Training in Applied Remote Sensing in Africa : The ARCSSTE-E Experience ». ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information 8, no 8 (2 août 2019) : 350. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijgi8080350.
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In Africa, there is growing knowledge regarding the use of data obtained by remote sensing and analysed while using Geographic Information Systems for solving myriad problems. The awareness has largely arisen through the efforts of the Programme on Space Applications (PSA) of the United Nations Office for Outer Space Affairs (UNOOSA), and the subsequent UN resolutions for the establishment of Regional Centres for Space Science and Technology Education, to train scientists and researchers in different thematic areas of space, including Remote Sensing/Geographic Information Systems (RS/GIS). The African Regional Centre for Space Science and Technology Education in English (ARCSSTE-E) is one of these regional centres. The Centre has successfully trained 474 professionals from 18 countries since its inception in 1998; about 14% of these trainees have been female. This paper highlights the training programmes of ARCSSTE-E from its inception, and discusses the potential areas of improvement with a focus on the RS/GIS area. In 2019, a survey was conducted on alumni of the Postgraduate Diploma (PGD) programme of ARCSSTE-E. Based on the analysis of their responses and the progression of the PGD programme to a new Masters programme in RS/GIS at the university, there is clear evidence regarding the impact of the UNOOSA-assisted capacity building programme on the work and career of alumni, which has already produced an appreciable number of trained personnel in developing countries in Africa.
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Androsics, Tamás, et Bálint Baranyai. « Optimized room arrangement and building shaping of an industrial and office facility ». Pollack Periodica 15, no 2 (août 2020) : 199–210. http://dx.doi.org/10.1556/606.2020.15.2.18.
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Abstract:This paper proposes the application of energy efficient, low tech (passive) building design strategies and concepts in an industrial facility case study, in order to create a building with high efficiency and comfort within the boundaries of a tight investment cost. The planning process is supported by dynamic thermal and daylight simulations. Two versions were considered, a conventional industry building and a low tech one with climate zone based space organization. According to the evaluation of thermal and visual comfort as well as energy demand the selected version with the innovative passive concept delivered considerably better performance. According to the constructor’s concept, the reference building had to be placed by minimal adaptation on the new site. After considering and calling this concept into question, a new ‘energy design’ concept was elaborated at the sketch planning level. The new concept was compared with the reference building and a quantified, simulation assisted evaluation was provided about the cases. Since there was an essential improvement in comfort and energy level and, in addition, at architectural standard, the constructor could have been convinced to accept the new concept.
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Němec, Petr, Petr Stodola, Miroslav Pecina, Jiří Neubauer et Martin Blaha. « Optimization of the Weighted Multi-Facility Location Problem Using MS Excel ». Algorithms 14, no 7 (25 juin 2021) : 191. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/a14070191.
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This article presents the possibilities in solving the Weighted Multi-Facility Location Problem and its related optimization tasks using a widely available office software—MS Excel with the Solver add-in. To verify the proposed technique, a set of benchmark instances with various point topologies (regular, combination of regular and random, and random) was designed. The optimization results are compared with results achieved by a metaheuristic algorithm based on simulated annealing principles. The influence of the hardware configuration on the performance achieved by MS Excel Solver is also examined and discussed from both the execution time and accuracy perspectives. The experiments showed that this widely available office software is practical for solving even relatively complex optimization tasks (Weighted Multi-Facility Location Problem with 100 points and 20 centers, which consists of 40 continuous optimization variables in two-dimensional space) with sufficient quality for many real-world applications. The method used is described in detail and step-by-step using an example.
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Pransky, Joanne. « The Pransky interview : Dr Robert Ambrose, Chief, Software, Robotics and Simulation Division at NASA ». Industrial Robot : An International Journal 42, no 4 (15 juin 2015) : 285–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ir-04-2015-0071.
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Purpose – This paper, a “Q & A interview” conducted by Joanne Pransky of Industrial Robot Journal, aims to impart the combined technological, business and personal experience of a prominent, robotic industry engineer-turned entrepreneur regarding the evolution, commercialization and challenges of bringing a technological invention to market. Design/methodology/approach – The interviewee is Dr Robert Ambrose, Chief, Software, Robotics and Simulation Division at National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA)’s Johnson Space Center in Houston, Texas. As a young child, even before he started school, Dr Ambrose knew, after seeing the Apollo 11 moonshot, that he wanted to work for NASA. Dr Ambrose describes his career journey into space robotics and shares his teams’ experiences and the importance of the development of Robonaut, a humanoid robotic project designed to work with humans both on Earth and in space. Findings – Dr Ambrose received his MS and BS degrees in mechanical engineering from Washington University in St. Louis, and his PhD in mechanical engineering from the University of Texas at Austin. Dr Ambrose heads the flight spacecraft software, space robotics and system simulations for human spaceflight missions. He oversees on-orbit robotic systems for the International Space Station (ISS), the development of software for the Multi-Purpose Crew Vehicle and future human spaceflight systems, simulations for engineering development and training, hardware in the loop facilities for anomaly resolution and crew training and the technology branch for development of new robotic systems. Dr Ambrose also serves as a Principal Investigator for NASA’s Space Technologies Mission Directorate, overseeing research and formulating new starts in the domains of robotics and autonomous systems. He co-chairs the Office of the Chief Technologist (OCT) Robotics, Tele-Robotics and Autonomous Systems roadmap team for the agency’s technology program, and is the robotics lead for the agency’s human spaceflight architecture study teams. Working with the Office of Science and Technology Policy (OSTP), Dr Ambrose is the Technical Point of Contact for NASA’s collaboration in the National Robotics Initiative (NRI). Originality/value – Dr Ambrose not only realized his own childhood dream by pursuing a career at NASA, but he also fulfilled a 15-year national dream by putting the first humanoid robot into space. After seeking a graduate university that would allow him to do research at NASA, it didn’t take long for Dr Ambrose to foresee that the importance of NASA’s future would be in robots and humans working side-by-side. Through the leadership of Dr Ambrose, NASA formed a strategic partnership with General Motors (GM) and together they built Robonaut, a highly dexterous, anthropomorphic robot. The latest Robonaut version, R2, has nearly 50 patents available for licensing. One of the many technology spinoffs from R2 is the innovative Human Grasp Assist device, or Robo-Glove, designed to increase the strength of a human’s grasp.
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Ding, I. J., et C. M. Ruan. « Speaker Identity Recognition by Acoustic and Visual Data Fusion through Personal Privacy for Smart Care and Service Applications ». Journal of Imaging Science and Technology 64, no 4 (1 juillet 2020) : 40404–1. http://dx.doi.org/10.2352/j.imagingsci.technol.2020.64.4.040404.
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Abstract With rapid developments in techniques related to the internet of things, smart service applications such as voice-command-based speech recognition and smart care applications such as context-aware-based emotion recognition will gain much attention and potentially be a requirement in smart home or office environments. In such intelligence applications, identity recognition of the specific member in indoor spaces will be a crucial issue. In this study, a combined audio-visual identity recognition approach was developed. In this approach, visual information obtained from face detection was incorporated into acoustic Gaussian likelihood calculations for constructing speaker classification trees to significantly enhance the Gaussian mixture model (GMM)-based speaker recognition method. This study considered the privacy of the monitored person and reduced the degree of surveillance. Moreover, the popular Kinect sensor device containing a microphone array was adopted to obtain acoustic voice data from the person. The proposed audio-visual identity recognition approach deploys only two cameras in a specific indoor space for conveniently performing face detection and quickly determining the total number of people in the specific space. Such information pertaining to the number of people in the indoor space obtained using face detection was utilized to effectively regulate the accurate GMM speaker classification tree design. Two face-detection-regulated speaker classification tree schemes are presented for the GMM speaker recognition method in this study—the binary speaker classification tree (GMM-BT) and the non-binary speaker classification tree (GMM-NBT). The proposed GMM-BT and GMM-NBT methods achieve excellent identity recognition rates of 84.28% and 83%, respectively; both values are higher than the rate of the conventional GMM approach (80.5%). Moreover, as the extremely complex calculations of face recognition in general audio-visual speaker recognition tasks are not required, the proposed approach is rapid and efficient with only a slight increment of 0.051 s in the average recognition time.
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Li, Jingyi, Ceenu George, Andrea Ngao, Kai Holländer, Stefan Mayer et Andreas Butz. « Rear-Seat Productivity in Virtual Reality : Investigating VR Interaction in the Confined Space of a Car ». Multimodal Technologies and Interaction 5, no 4 (26 mars 2021) : 15. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/mti5040015.
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Ubiquitous technology lets us work in flexible and decentralised ways. Passengers can already use travel time to be productive, and we envision even better performance and experience in vehicles with emerging technologies, such as virtual reality (VR) headsets. However, the confined physical space constrains interactions while the virtual space may be conceptually borderless. We therefore conducted a VR study (N = 33) to examine the influence of physical restraints and virtual working environments on performance, presence, and the feeling of safety. Our findings show that virtual borders make passengers touch the car interior less, while performance and presence are comparable across conditions. Although passengers prefer a secluded and unlimited virtual environment (nature), they are more productive in a shared and limited one (office). We further discuss choices for virtual borders and environments, social experience, and safety responsiveness. Our work highlights opportunities and challenges for future research and design of rear-seat VR interaction.
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Al-Obaidi, Abdulkareem Sh Mahdi, Arif Al-Qassar, Ahmed R. Nasser, Ahmed Alkhayyat, Amjad J. Humaidi et Ibraheem K. Ibraheem. « Embedded Design and Implementation of Mobile Robot for Surveillance Applications ». Indonesian Journal of Science and Technology 6, no 2 (15 mai 2021) : 427–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.17509/ijost.v6i2.36275.
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The surveillance and security of areas such as home, laboratory, office, factory, and airports, are important to prevent any threatening to human lives. Mobile robots are proven their effectiveness in a large number of applications, especially in hazardous areas where they can be remotely controlled by humans to accomplish certain tasks. This research paper presents a design and implementation of a mobile robot for surveillance and security applications. The main objective of the design is to lower the cost and the power consumption of the mobile robot which accomplish using low-cost open-source hardware such as Arduino and Raspberry Pi. The robot is connected wirelessly via a low-power ZigBee module to the control station to allow the operator for controlling the mobile robot motions and monitoring the physical events in the environment where the robot is used. Sensors such as camera, temperature, and range are embedded in the robot to sense and monitor human motion, the room temperature, and the distance of the surrounding obstacles. The testing of the implemented mobile robot shows that it can run continuously for approximately 6.5 hours at a motor shaft speed 25 rpm of unlit the need to recharge the battery.
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Xue, Xingsi, Xiaoquan Lin, Chaofan Yang et Xiaojing Wu. « An Improved Indoor Positioning Technique Based on Receiving Signal’s Strength ». Mobile Information Systems 2020 (11 août 2020) : 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/8822288.
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Wireless signal-transmitting process is a complex procedure, to improve the indoor positioning accuracy, and this work proposes a novel indoor positioning technique based on receiving signal’s strength. First, the indoor environment of the building is regionalized in the training phase of indoor positioning. Then, the adjacent points of the indoor space with the same wireless signal transmission characteristics are gathered into the same area, and the corresponding parameter sets and decision domains of each area are constructed. After that, during the positioning stage, the regional confidence and receiving signal’s strength are used to predict the indoor area where the mobile station is located. Finally, the ranging and solution results of the traditional three-sided positioning process are constrained to obtain the optimal solution. Comparing with the traditional positioning techniques that regard the entire complex indoor environment as an entirety, the proposed indoor space regionalization preprocessing method can effectively reduce the ranging error. Compared with the indiscriminate data fusion of the centroid method, the data filtering method based on regional confidence is more targeted. In the experiment, a practical office area is used to test our proposal’s performance, and the experimental results show that our approach can effectively improve the accuracy of indoor positioning results.
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Vreys, Kristin, Marian-Daniel Iordache, Bart Bomans et Koen Meuleman. « Data acquisition with the APEX hyperspectral sensor ». Miscellanea Geographica 20, no 1 (1 mars 2016) : 5–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/mgrsd-2016-0001.
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Abstract APEX (Airborne Prism EXperiment) is a high spectral and spatial resolution hyperspectral sensor developed by a Swiss-Belgian consortium on behalf of the European Space Agency. Since the acceptance of the instrument in 2010, it has been operated jointly by the Flemish Institute for Technological Research (VITO, Mol, Belgium) and the Remote Sensing Laboratories (RSL, Zurich, Switzerland). During this period, several flight campaigns have been performed across Europe, gathering over 4 Terabytes of raw data. Following radiometric, geometric and atmospheric processing, this data has been provided to a multitude of Belgian and European researchers, institutes and agencies, including the European Space Agency (ESA), the European Facility for Airborne Research (EUFAR) and the Belgian Science Policy Office (BelSPO). The applications of APEX data span a wide range of research topics, e.g. landcover mapping (mountainous, coastal, countryside and urban regions), the assessment of important structural and (bio)physical characteristics of vegetative and non-vegetative species, the tracing of atmospheric gases, and water content analysis (chlorophyll, suspended matter). Recurrent instrument calibration, accurate flight planning and preparation, and experienced pilots and instrument operators are crucial to successful data acquisition campaigns. In this paper, we highlight in detail these practical aspects of a typical APEX data acquisition campaign.
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Wu, Mei, et Haiyun Lin. « 'Magic Wand' ». International Journal of Sociotechnology and Knowledge Development 1, no 4 (octobre 2009) : 37–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/jskd.2009062604.
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Mobile telephony was first adopted by business people, specifically small and medium-sized entrepreneurs. Their use habits have thus contributed to the evolvement of the mobile and change in business practice. However, there are limited studies that examine individual business users, even fewer exploring the social roles of mobile phones for Chinese entrepreneurship. This study, applying social shaping of technology complemented with affordance theory and domestication theory, qualitatively analyses implications of the mobile phone constructed by entrepreneurs in Fujian Province, China. Findings indicate that mobile telephony has significantly transformed business practice of time and space by Fujian entrepreneurs. It changes time constraints by enabling a 24-hour business contact. It affects the spatial location with a ‘mobile office’. It becomes a platform for staging a tricky business performance. It interconnects business and private lives. Consequently it becomes the ‘magic wand’ -- the central axis around which the lives of Fujian entrepreneurs revolve.
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Zhang, Ziwen, Xuelian Wang, Yongdong Wu, Zengpeng Zhao et Yang E. « Applied Research on InSAR and GPS Data Fusion in Deformation Monitoring ». Scientific Programming 2021 (23 juillet 2021) : 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/3888975.
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With the enrichment of land subsidence monitoring means, data fusion of multisource land subsidence data has gradually become a research hotspot. The Interferometry Synthetic Aperture Radar (InSAR) is a potential Earth observation approach, and it has been verified to have a variety of applications in measuring ground movement, urban subsidence, and landslides but similar to Global Positioning System (GPS). The InSAR observation accuracy and measurements are affected by the tropospheric delay error as well as by the Earth’s ionospheric and tropospheric layers. In order to rectify the InSAR result, there is a need to interpolate the GPS-derived tropospheric delay. Keeping in view of the above, this research study has presented an improved Inverse Distance Weighting (IIDW) interpolation method based on Inverse Distance Weighting (IDW) interpolation by using Sentinel-1 radar satellite image provided by European Space Agency (ESA) and the measured data from the Continuously Operating Reference Stations (CORS) provided by the Survey and Mapping Office of the Lands Department of Hong Kong. Furthermore, the corrected differential tropospheric delay correction is used to correct the InSAR image. The experimental results show that the correction of tropospheric delay by IIDW interpolation not only improves the accuracy of Differential Interferometry Synthetic Aperture Radar (D-InSAR) but also provides a new idea for the solution of InSAR and GPS data fusion.
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Acton, Charles H. « Nasa’s Spice System Models the Solar System ». International Astronomical Union Colloquium 165 (1997) : 257–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0252921100046649.
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AbstractThe Navigation Ancillary Information Facility (NAIF) at Caltech’s Jet Propulsion Laboratory, acting under the directions of NASA’s Office of Space Science, has built a data system–named SPICE–to assist scientists in planning and interpreting scientific observations. SPICE provides geometric and some other ancillary information needed to recover the full value of science instrument data, including correlation of individual instrument data sets with data from other instruments on the same or other spacecraft.The primary SPICE data sets are called “kernels.” One of these kernel types provides ready access to ephemerides of spacecraft, planets, satellites, comets and asteroids. A second kernel type provides a set of data specifying target body size, shape and orientation. These data are currently based primarily on IAU/IAG/-COSPAR models.The SPICE system includes FORTRAN subroutines needed to read the kernel files and to calculate many common observation geometry parameters. Users integrate these SPICE “Toolkit” subroutines into their own application programs to compute needed information.
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Bhatt, Tanay, et Jonathan Bredow. « Simple Simulated Propagation Modeling and Experimentation within and around Buildings at 2700 MHz ». International Journal of Vehicular Technology 2016 (8 février 2016) : 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/9846374.
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There is a growing interest in understanding wave behavior in urban and suburban environment for 5th generation broadband applications. With the advent of using broadband technologies in buildings, office space and vehicle have become a necessity on a large scale. Models, predictions, and calculations for in-building, within a vehicle or near a reflective object with microscale details, are becoming highly classified in a competitive telecom environment. This paper provides an improved understanding of signal strength behavior within suburban residences with predictions prequalified using a vehicular scanner. Supporting predictions are provided by a ray tracing algorithm developed for dissertation. Results indicate signal strength variation of more than 50 dB from “strong signal” locations such as room centers and far corners to “weak signal” locations where shadowing and tunneling effects are evident. Based on this unique classification a scheme is proposed which indicates that specular scattering provides the major signal energy at more than 70% of the locations within the residences. Finally, an observed rake stabilizing effect is attributed to the proximity of strong scatterers.
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Cheng, Jiyu, Yuxiang Sun et Max Q. H. Meng. « Robust Semantic Mapping in Challenging Environments ». Robotica 38, no 2 (21 mai 2019) : 256–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0263574719000584.
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SummaryVisual simultaneous localization and mapping (visual SLAM) has been well developed in recent decades. To facilitate tasks such as path planning and exploration, traditional visual SLAM systems usually provide mobile robots with the geometric map, which overlooks the semantic information. To address this problem, inspired by the recent success of the deep neural network, we combine it with the visual SLAM system to conduct semantic mapping. Both the geometric and semantic information will be projected into the 3D space for generating a 3D semantic map. We also use an optical-flow-based method to deal with the moving objects such that our method is capable of working robustly in dynamic environments. We have performed our experiments in the public TUM dataset and our recorded office dataset. Experimental results demonstrate the feasibility and impressive performance of the proposed method.
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Kalyanam, Raghuram, et Sabine Hoffmann. « A Reinforcement Learning-Based Approach to Automate the Electrochromic Glass and to Enhance the Visual Comfort ». Applied Sciences 11, no 15 (28 juillet 2021) : 6949. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11156949.
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Daylight is important for the well-being of humans. Therefore, many office buildings use large windows and glass facades to let more daylight into office spaces. However, this increases the chance of glare in office spaces, which results in visual discomfort. Shading systems in buildings can prevent glare but are not effectively adapted to changing sky conditions and sun position, thus losing valuable daylight. Moreover, many shading systems are also aesthetically unappealing. Electrochromic (EC) glass in this regard might be a better alternative, due to its light transmission properties that can be altered when a voltage is applied. EC glass facilitates zoning and also supports control of each zone separately. This allows the right amount of daylight at any time of the day. However, an effective control strategy is still required to efficiently control EC glass. Reinforcement learning (RL) is a promising control strategy that can learn from rewards and penalties and use this feedback to adapt to user inputs. We trained a Deep Q learning (DQN) agent on a set of weather data and visual comfort data, where the agent tries to adapt to the occupant’s feedback while observing the sun position and radiation at given intervals. The trained DQN agent can avoid bright daylight and glare scenarios in 97% of the cases and increases the amount of useful daylight up to 90%, thus significantly reducing the need for artificial lighting.
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Behn, Claus, et Nicole De Gregorio. « Melatonin Relations with Energy Metabolism as Possibly Involved in Fatal Mountain Road Traffic Accidents ». International Journal of Molecular Sciences 21, no 6 (22 mars 2020) : 2184. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms21062184.
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Previous results evidenced acute exposure to high altitude (HA) weakening the relation between daily melatonin cycle and the respiratory quotient. This review deals with the threat extreme environments pose on body time order, particularly concerning energy metabolism. Working at HA, at poles, or in space challenge our ancestral inborn body timing system. This conflict may also mark many aspects of our current lifestyle, involving shift work, rapid time zone crossing, and even prolonged office work in closed buildings. Misalignments between external and internal rhythms, in the short term, traduce into risk of mental and physical performance shortfalls, mood changes, quarrels, drug and alcohol abuse, failure to accomplish with the mission and, finally, high rates of fatal accidents. Relations of melatonin with energy metabolism being altered under a condition of hypoxia focused our attention on interactions of the indoleamine with redox state, as well as, with autonomic regulations. Individual tolerance/susceptibility to such interactions may hint at adequately dealing with body timing disorders under extreme conditions.
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Jackson, David R., Sean Bruinsma, Sandra Negrin, Claudia Stolle, Chris J. Budd, Raul Dominguez Gonzalez, Emily Down et al. « The Space Weather Atmosphere Models and Indices (SWAMI) project : Overview and first results ». Journal of Space Weather and Space Climate 10 (2020) : 18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/swsc/2020019.
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Space weather driven atmospheric density variations affect low Earth orbit (LEO) satellites during all phases of their operational lifetime. Rocket launches, re-entry events and space debris are also similarly affected. A better understanding of space weather processes and their impact on atmospheric density is thus critical for satellite operations as well as for safety issues. The Horizon 2020 project Space Weather Atmosphere Model and Indices (SWAMI) project, which started in January 2018, aims to enhance this understanding by: Developing improved neutral atmosphere and thermosphere models, and combining these models to produce a new whole atmosphere model. Developing new geomagnetic activity indices with higher time cadence to enable better representation of thermospheric variability in the models, and improving the forecast of these indices. The project stands out by providing an integrated approach to the satellite neutral environment, in which the main space weather drivers are addressed together with model improvement. The outcomes of SWAMI will provide a pathway to improved space weather services as the project will not only address the science issues, but also the transition of models into operational services. The project aims to develop a unique new whole atmosphere model, by extending and blending the Unified Model (UM), which is the Met Office weather and climate model, and the Drag Temperature Model (DTM), which is a semi-empirical model which covers the 120–1500 km altitude range. A user-focused operational tool for satellite applications shall be developed based on this. In addition, improved geomagnetic indices shall be developed and shall be used in the UM and DTM for enhanced nowcast and forecast capability. In this paper, we report on progress with SWAMI to date. The UM has been extended from its original upper boundary of 85 km to run stably and accurately with a 135 km lid. Developments to the UM radiation scheme to enable accurate performance in the mesosphere and lower thermosphere are described. These include addition of non-local thermodynamic equilibrium effects and extension to include the far ultraviolet and extreme ultraviolet. DTM has been re-developed using a more accurate neutral density observation database than has been used in the past. In addition, we describe an algorithm to develop a new version of DTM driven by geomagnetic indices with a 60 minute cadence (denoted Hp60) rather than 3-hourly Kp indices (and corresponding ap indices). The development of the Hp60 index, and the Hp30 and Hp90 indices, which are similar to Hp60 but with 30 minute and 90 minute cadences, respectively, is described, as is the development and testing of neural network and other machine learning methods applied to the forecast of geomagnetic indices.
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Coldewey-Egbers, Melanie, Diego G. Loyola, Gordon Labow et Stacey M. Frith. « Comparison of GTO-ECV and adjusted MERRA-2 total ozone columns from the last 2 decades and assessment of interannual variability ». Atmospheric Measurement Techniques 13, no 3 (2 avril 2020) : 1633–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/amt-13-1633-2020.
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Abstract. In this study we compare the satellite-based Global Ozone Monitoring Experiment (GOME)-type Total Ozone Essential Climate Variable (GTO-ECV) record, generated as part of the European Space Agency's Climate Change Initiative (ESA-CCI) ozone project, with the adjusted total ozone product from the Modern Era Retrospective Analysis for Research and Applications version 2 (adjusted MERRA-2) reanalysis, produced at the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Global Modeling and Assimilation Office (GMAO). Total ozone columns and associated standard deviations show a very good agreement in terms of both spatial and temporal patterns during their 23-year overlap period from July 1995 to December 2018. The mean difference between adjusted MERRA-2 and GTO-ECV 5∘×5∘ monthly mean total ozone columns is -0.9±1.5 %. A small discontinuity in the deviations is detected in October 2004, when data from the Ozone Monitoring Instrument (OMI) were ingested in the GTO-ECV and adjusted MERRA-2 data records. This induces a small overall negative drift in the differences for almost all latitude bands, which, however, does not exceed 1 % per decade. The mean difference for the period prior to October 2004 is -0.5±1.7 %, whereas the difference is -1.0±1.1 % for the period from October 2004 to December 2018. The variability in the differences is considerably reduced in the period after 2004 due to a significant increase in data coverage and sampling. In the tropical region, the differences indicate a slight zonal variability with negative deviations over the Atlantic, Africa, and the Indian Ocean and positive deviations over the Pacific. Ozone anomalies and the distribution of their statistical moments indicate a very high correlation among both data records as to the temporal and spatial structures. Furthermore, we evaluate the consistency of the data sets by means of an empirical orthogonal function (EOF) analysis. The interannual variability is assessed in the tropics, and both GTO-ECV and adjusted MERRA-2 exhibit a remarkable agreement with respect to the derived patterns. The first four EOFs can be attributed to different modes of interannual climate variability, and correlations with the Quasi-Biennial Oscillation (QBO), the El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) signal, and the solar cycle were found.
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Pransky, Joanne. « The Pransky interview : Dr Rodney Brooks, Robotics Entrepreneur, Founder and CTO of Rethink Robotics ». Industrial Robot : An International Journal 42, no 1 (19 janvier 2015) : 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ir-10-2014-0406.
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Purpose – This article, a “Q&A interview” conducted by Joanne Pransky of Industrial Robot Journal, aims to impart the combined technological, business, and personal experience of a prominent, robotic industry engineer-turned entrepreneur regarding the evolution, commercialization, and challenges of bringing a technological invention to market. Design/methodology/approach – The interviewee is Dr Rodney Brooks, the Panasonic Professor of Robotics (emeritus), Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Lab; Founder, Chief Technical Officer (CTO) and Chairman of Rethink Robotics. Dr Brooks shares some of his underlying principles in technology, academia and business, as well as past and future challenges. Findings – Dr Brooks received degrees in pure mathematics from the Flinders University of South Australia and a PhD in computer science from Stanford University in 1981. He held research positions at Carnegie Mellon University and MIT, and a faculty position at Stanford before joining the faculty of MIT in 1984. He is also a Founder, Board Member and former CTO (1991-2008) of iRobot Corp (Nasdaq: IRBT). Dr Brooks is the former Director (1997-2007) of the MIT Artificial Intelligence Laboratory and then the MIT Computer Science & Artificial Intelligence Laboratory. He founded Rethink Robotics (formerly Heartland Robotics) in 2008. Originality/value – While at MIT, in 1988, Dr Brooks built Genghis, a hexapodal walker, designed for space exploration (which was on display for ten years in the Smithsonian National Air and Space Museum in Washington, D.C.). Genghis was one of the first robots that utilized Brooks’ pioneering subsumption architecture. Dr Brooks’ revolutionary behavior-based approach underlies the autonomous robots of iRobot, which has sold more than 12 million home robots worldwide, and has deployed more than 5,000 defense and security robots; and Rethink Robotics’ Baxter, the world’s first interactive production robot. Dr Brooks has won the Computers and Thought Award at the 1991 International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence, the 2008 IEEE Inaba Technical Award for Innovation Leading to Production, the 2014 Robotics Industry Association’s Engelberger Robotics Award for Leadership and the 2015 IEEE Robotics and Automation Award.
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Pransky, Joanne. « The Pransky interview : Dr Mark W. Tilden, Robotics Physicist ». Industrial Robot : An International Journal 41, no 2 (11 mars 2014) : 113–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ir-01-2014-0305.
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Purpose – The following article is a “Q&A interview” conducted by Joanne Pransky of Industrial Robot Journal as a method to impart the combined technological, business, and personal experience of a prominent, robotic industry engineer-turned entrepreneur regarding the evolution, commercialization, and challenges of bringing a technological invention to market. The paper aims to discuss these issues. Design/methodology/approach – The interviewee is Dr Mark W. Tilden, a Robotics Physicist and the inventor of BEAM Robotics. Having built his first 100 bots by the age of nine, Tilden goes on to study at the University of Waterloo and later works at the Los Alamos National Laboratory. There he develops a variety of biomorphic robots including interplanetary explorers and solar-powered bots. During this time, Tilden founds the first BEAM International Olympics. Solarbotics is also formed to disseminate BEAM technologies. At the turn of the millennium, after being approached by toy manufacturer WowWee, Tilden applies his BEAM technology to the consumer toy industry. Findings – From Robobiologist to Chaos Engineer to Toy Consultant to Robotics Physicist, Tilden describes the several decade evolution of his Biomech technologies. Originality/value – The Father of BEAM Robotics, who initially designs single, minimalist biomorphic robots for the space and military industries, transforms his research into the first commercially available affordable humanoid companion for the personal and entertainment robotics industries, culminating in a total of nearly 25 million robots sold worldwide. This experimental physicist continues his pioneering Biomech efforts with hybridization collaborations on life-sized humanoid robots for the home and office.
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Abdul Halim, Syafnidar, Mohd Hikmi Othman, Alya Geogiana Buja, Nurul Najwa Abdul Rahid, Anis Afiqah Sharip et Siti Maisarah Md Zain. « C19-SmartQ : Applying Real-Time Multi-Organization Queuing Management System Using Predictive Model to Maintain Social Distancing ». International Journal of Interactive Mobile Technologies (iJIM) 15, no 06 (30 mars 2021) : 108. http://dx.doi.org/10.3991/ijim.v15i06.20597.
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<p>COVID-19 is a pandemic crisis that has introduced new norm to the world where we are not encouraged to be in 3C areas, namely crowded place, confined space, and close conservation. We must also ensure that we are at least one meter apart from one another at all time even while queuing. The queuing process can be seen at any organization that offer services. Adhering to the new norm can be a challenge for organization such as banks, hospitals, and government offices when the number of clients waiting in queue increases while in confined space. On the client’s side, they must go through the queue process of obtaining a queue number ticket and then wait to be served in confined and sometimes crowded space every time they require a service. Thequeue process will be repeated at different premise. This study proposes real-time multi-organizationsC19-SmartQ system which use predictive modelling to generate single or consecutive queue number tickets for any client requiring services from two different organizations located within the same building. C19-SmartQsystemmanages queues thus administer social distancing and streamline queues to reduce waiting periods and improve service efficiency. To ensure operability of C19-SmartQ system, itwas tested on the functionality and web server speed performance. The web server speed performance results show that data transfer and web loading were stable since there was only an increase of 0.2 seconds or 0.08% as the number of users per session increases. In the future, the system can be designed to accommodate queuing for more organizations located within the same building. Machine learning can also be integrated in the system to improve the predictive modelling based on current environment at each organization.</p>
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Drummond, Benjamin, Eric Hébrard, Nathan J. Mayne, Olivia Venot, Robert J. Ridgway, Quentin Changeat, Shang-Min Tsai et al. « Implications of three-dimensional chemical transport in hot Jupiter atmospheres : Results from a consistently coupled chemistry-radiation-hydrodynamics model ». Astronomy & ; Astrophysics 636 (avril 2020) : A68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201937153.
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We present results from a set of simulations using a fully coupled three-dimensional (3D) chemistry-radiation-hydrodynamics model and investigate the effect of transport of chemical species by the large-scale atmospheric flow in hot Jupiter atmospheres. We coupled a flexible chemical kinetics scheme to the Met Office Unified Model, which enables the study of the interaction of chemistry, radiative transfer, and fluid dynamics. We used a newly-released “reduced” chemical network, comprising 30 chemical species, that was specifically developed for its application in 3D atmosphere models. We simulated the atmospheres of the well-studied hot Jupiters HD 209458b and HD 189733b which both have dayside–nightside temperature contrasts of several hundred Kelvin and superrotating equatorial jets. We find qualitatively quite different chemical structures between the two planets, particularly for methane (CH4), when advection of chemical species is included. Our results show that consideration of 3D chemical transport is vital in understanding the chemical composition of hot Jupiter atmospheres. Three-dimensional mixing leads to significant changes in the abundances of absorbing gas-phase species compared with what would be expected by assuming local chemical equilibrium, or from models including 1D – and even 2D – chemical mixing. We find that CH4, carbon dioxide (CO2), and ammonia (NH3) are particularly interesting as 3D mixing of these species leads to prominent signatures of out-of-equilibrium chemistry in the transmission and emission spectra, which are detectable with near-future instruments.
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Marks, David A., David B. Wolff, David S. Silberstein, Ali Tokay, Jason L. Pippitt et Jianxin Wang. « Availability of High-Quality TRMM Ground Validation Data from Kwajalein, RMI : A Practical Application of the Relative Calibration Adjustment Technique ». Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology 26, no 3 (1 mars 2009) : 413–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/2008jtecha1174.1.
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Abstract Since the Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) satellite launch in November 1997, the TRMM Satellite Validation Office (TSVO) at NASA Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC) has been performing quality control and estimating rainfall from the KPOL S-band radar at Kwajalein, Republic of the Marshall Islands. Over this period, KPOL has incurred many episodes of calibration and antenna pointing angle uncertainty. To address these issues, the TSVO has applied the relative calibration adjustment (RCA) technique to eight years of KPOL radar data to produce Ground Validation (GV) version 7 products. This application has significantly improved stability in KPOL reflectivity distributions needed for probability matching method (PMM) rain-rate estimation and for comparisons to the TRMM precipitation radar (PR). In years with significant calibration and angle corrections, the statistical improvement in PMM distributions is dramatic. The intent of this paper is to show improved stability in corrected KPOL reflectivity distributions by using the PR as a stable reference. Intermonth fluctuations in mean reflectivity differences between the PR and corrected KPOL are on the order of ±1–2 dB, and interyear mean reflectivity differences fluctuate by approximately ±1 dB. This represents a marked improvement in stability with confidence comparable to the established calibration and uncertainty boundaries of the PR. The practical application of the RCA method has salvaged eight years of radar data that would have otherwise been unusable and has made possible a high-quality database of tropical ocean–based reflectivity measurements and precipitation estimates for the research community.
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Berezutskyi, Viacheslav, Olha Ilinska, Ludmila Vaskovets, Iryna Mezentseva et Viktoriya Khalil. « Determining the effect of multifunctional partitions on noise level at "Open space" offices ». Eastern-European Journal of Enterprise Technologies 2, no 10 (98) (24 avril 2019) : 16–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.15587/1729-4061.2019.164786.
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Berezutskyi, Viacheslav, Nataliia Berezutska, Olha Ilinska et Valentyna Raiko. « Studying the effect of multifunctional partitions on temperature indicators at offices of the open space type ». Eastern-European Journal of Enterprise Technologies 4, no 10 (94) (27 août 2018) : 13–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.15587/1729-4061.2018.141014.
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Masi, Rosa Francesca De, Silvia Ruggiero et Giuseppe Peter Vanoli. « Experimental Comparison of Heating Emitters in Mediterranean Climate ». Applied Sciences 11, no 12 (12 juin 2021) : 5462. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11125462.
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The need to increase the level of quality of indoor environments requires an extremely accurate definition of the microclimatic requisites to guarantee, in the spaces where people live and work, global and local conditions of comfort, considering, at the same time, the aspects related to energy savings and environmental sustainability. In this framework, the paper proposes a comparison of indoor parameters for three different types of heating emitters: fan-coils, baseboards heaters, and radiant floor systems. The comparison is based on seasonal monitoring performed in a test-room located in a Mediterranean climate; it can simulate an insulated room with office usage. The proposed indices demonstrate that the floor radiant system is characterized by lower horizontal and vertical differences in air temperature distribution that can guarantee more comfortable conditions and lower heat losses. The operative temperature is often higher than the neutral point; thus, management with a lower set-point temperature should be experimented with in further studies. More generally, the introduced method could help designers to choose the proper system and management strategy with the dual purpose to select a comfortable but energy savings-oriented operating temperature.
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Bourras, Denis. « Comparison of Five Satellite-Derived Latent Heat Flux Products to Moored Buoy Data ». Journal of Climate 19, no 24 (15 décembre 2006) : 6291–313. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jcli3977.1.
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Abstract Five satellite products of latent heat flux at the sea surface were compared to bulk fluxes calculated with data from 75 moored buoys, on almost 36 successive months from 1998 to 2000. The five products compared are the Hamburg Ocean Atmosphere Parameters and Fluxes from Satellite Dataset (HOAPS-2), the Japanese Ocean Flux Datasets with Use of Remote Sensing Observations (J-OFURO), the Jones dataset, the Goddard Satellite-Based Surface Turbulent Fluxes, version 2 (GSSTF-2), and the Bourras–Eymard–Liu dataset (BEL). The comparisons were performed under tropical and midlatitude environmental conditions, with three datasets based on 66 Tropical Atmosphere–Ocean array (TAO) buoys in the tropical Pacific, nine National Data Buoy Center (NDBC) buoys off the U.S. coasts, and four Met Office/Météo-France (UK–MF) moorings west of the United Kingdom and France, respectively. The satellite products did not all compare well to surface data. However, for each in situ dataset (TAO, NDBC, or UK–MF) at least one satellite product was found that had a good fit to surface data, that is, an rms deviation of 15–30 W m−2. It was found that HOAPS-2, J-OFURO, GSSTF-2, and BEL satellite products had moderate systematic errors with respect to surface data, from −13 to 26 W m−2, and small biases at midlatitudes (6–8 W m−2). Most of the satellite products were able to render the seasonal cycle of the latent heat flux calculated with surface data. The estimation of near-surface specific humidity was found to be problematic in most products, but it was best estimated in the HOAPS-2 product. GSSTF-2 and J-OFURO strongly overestimated the surface flux variations in time and space compared to surface data and to a flux climatology. With respect to TAO data, Jones fluxes yielded good results in terms of rms deviation (27 W m−2) but also presented a large systematic deviation. Overall, for application of the satellite fluxes to the world oceans, it was found that HOAPS-2 was the most appropriate product, whereas for application to the Tropics, BEL fluxes had the best performance in rms with respect to TAO data (24 W m−2).
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Lin, Jui-Yen, Yaw-Shyan Tsay et Pin-Chieh Tseng. « Development of Folded Expanded Metal Mesh with Sound Absorption Performance ». Applied Sciences 11, no 15 (29 juillet 2021) : 7021. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11157021.
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Reverberation time (RT) is an important factor affecting the quality of indoor acoustics. Using sound-absorbing materials is one method for quickly and effectively controlling RT, and installation in the ceiling is a common location. Sound-absorbing ceilings come in many forms, with light steel joist ceilings commonly used in office spaces, classrooms, and discussion rooms. Light steel joist ceilings are often matched with sound-absorbing materials such as gypsum board, mineral fiberboard, rock wool, and coated glass wool, but such materials may have durability and exfoliation problems. Therefore, considering performance and health, in this research, we aimed to design an expanded metal mesh (EMM) structure specimen for sound-absorption material, namely folded expanded metal mesh (FEMM). The results show that the FEMM can significantly improve the sound-absorption performance of the expanded metal mesh. The Math output errorαw of single panel is 0.05–0.35, and the Math output errorαw of FEMM is 0.65–0.85. On the other hand, the sound-absorption performance of the full frequency band has been significantly improved. Furthermore, the field validation result shows that RT decreased from 1.05–0.56 s at 500 Hz, meanwhile, the sound pressure level (SPL) is still evenly distributed, and speech clarity (C50) is increased by 5.6–6.5.
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Seifert, Nils, Michael Mühlhaus et Frank Petzold. « Urban strategy playground : Rethinking the urban planner’s toolbox ». International Journal of Architectural Computing 18, no 1 (18 décembre 2019) : 20–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1478077119894477.
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This article presents the results of the Urban Strategy Playground research group. Over the last 5 years, the focus of an interdisciplinary team of researchers was the conception, implementation and evaluation of a decision-support system for inner-city urban and architectural planning. The overall aim of past and ongoing research is to enable planners to validate and compare possible planning measures based on objective criteria. The Urban Strategy Playground software framework is an expandable toolbox that supports planners in developing strategies, evaluating them and visually preparing them for political decision-making processes and public participation. Examples of implemented tools are the simulation and monitoring of building codes, analysis of key density indicators and green space provision, simulation of shading, building energy and noise dispersion. For visualising the planning results, the framework provides interfaces for rapid prototyping of haptic models, as well as web viewers and a connection to Augmented Reality applications. Core aspects of the system were evaluated through case studies in cooperation with urban planning offices, housing companies and municipalities, proving feasibility, high acceptance of the decision-support software, and need for more tailored tools.
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Aragon, Maria Victoria de la Fuente, et Lorenzo Ros-McDonnell. « VIRTUAL OFFICE ». International Journal of Web Portals 6, no 4 (octobre 2014) : 1–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijwp.2014100101.
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The integration of functions in business networks requires a high level of integration of the information processes. Based on file transfers, these networks respond to the requirements of collaborative processes. There is an effective need for a strategy of integration among the members of the network. In the ICT era, the collaborative company needs to reach and maintain agility in the dynamics of their collaborative processes. Within the frame of a collaborative network, the development of a web platform permits the growth of an area that integrates collaborative processes, in which several companies participate, each supplying their own data. The Fruit-and-Vegetable Collaborative Network studied in this paper is formed by producers, processers, packaging companies, marketers, transporters, and distributors. It has been developed via a web platform (Virtual Office), which allows the network to carry out processes in a collaborative way, and helps the network in its process of confidence-building and in the interactions among its members.
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Yoon, Younju, Jin Woo Moon et Sooyoung Kim. « Analysis of Lighting Control System for Applications of Lightshelf Conditions to Office Space ». Journal of The Korean Society of Living Environmental System 23, no 2 (30 avril 2016) : 310. http://dx.doi.org/10.21086/ksles.2016.04.23.2.310.
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Petersen, Ralph Alvin. « On the Impact and Benefits of AMDAR Observations in Operational Forecasting—Part I : A Review of the Impact of Automated Aircraft Wind and Temperature Reports ». Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society 97, no 4 (1 avril 2016) : 585–602. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/bams-d-14-00055.1.
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Abstract This paper reviews the impact of World Meteorological Organization (WMO) Aircraft Meteorological Data Relay (AMDAR) observations on operational numerical weather prediction (NWP) forecasts at both regional and global scales that support national and local weather forecast offices across the globe. Over the past three decades, data collected from commercial aircraft have helped reduce flight-level wind and temperature forecast errors by nearly 50%. Improvements are largest in 3–48-h forecasts and in regions where the automated reports 1) are most numerous, 2) cover a broad area, and 3) are available at multiple levels (e.g., made during aircraft ascent and descent). Improvements in weather forecasts due to these data have already had major impacts on a variety of aspects of airline operations, ranging from fuel savings from improved wind and temperature forecasts used in flight planning to passenger comfort and safety due to better awareness of en route and near-terminal weather hazards. Aircraft wind and temperature observations now constitute the third most important dataset for global NWP and, in areas of ample reports, have become the single most important dataset for use in shorter-term, regional NWP applications. Automated aircraft reports provide the most cost-effective data source for improving NWP, being more than 5 times more cost effective than any other major-impact observing system. They also present an economical alternative for obtaining tropospheric profiles both in areas of diminishing conventional observation and as a supplement to existing datasets, both in time and space. An evaluation of moisture observations becoming available from an increasing number of AMDAR-equipped aircraft will be presented in Part II of this paper, including examples of the use of the full array of AMDAR observations in a variety of forecasting situations.
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Helfert, Michael R., et Charles A. Wood. « The NASA space shuttle earth observations office ». Geocarto International 4, no 1 (mars 1989) : 15–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10106048909354194.
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Lehmann, Lasse, Arno Mittelbach, Christoph Rensing et Ralf Steinmetz. « Capture of lifecycle information in office applications ». International Journal of Technology Enhanced Learning 2, no 1/2 (2010) : 41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/ijtel.2010.031259.
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Richelson, Jeffrey T. « The Office That Never Was : The Failed Creation of the National Applications Office ». International Journal of Intelligence and CounterIntelligence 24, no 1 (4 décembre 2010) : 65–118. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/08850607.2011.519229.
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Byun, Joohyang, Jin Woo Moon et Sooyoung Kim. « Applications of Daylight Dimming Control Systems for Zoned Space in a Large Open-plan Office ». Journal of The Korean Society of Living Environmental System 25, no 1 (28 février 2018) : 72–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.21086/ksles.2018.02.25.1.72.
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Barlow, James, et David Gann. « Flexible Planning and Flexible Buildings : Reusing Redundant Office Space ». Journal of Urban Affairs 17, no 3 (octobre 1995) : 263–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9906.1995.tb00347.x.
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