Thèses : « Personal rights »

1

Abbadi, Imad Mahmoud Aref. « Digital Rights Management for Personal Networks ». Thesis, Royal Holloway, University of London, 2008. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.487274.

Texte intégral

Résumé :

The thesis is concerned with Digital Rights Management (DRM), and in particular with DRM for networks of devices owned by a single individual. This thesis focuses on the problem of preventing illegal copying of digital assets without jeopardising the right of legitimate licence holders to transfer content between their own devices, which collectively make up what we refer to as an authorised domain. An ideal list of DRM requirements is specified, which takes into account the points of view of users, content providers and copyright law. An approach is then developed for assessing DRM systems based on the defined DRM requirements; the most widely discussed DRM schemes are then analysed and assessed, where the main focus is on schemes which address the concept of an authorised domain. Based on this analysis we isolate the issues underlying the content piracy problem, and then provide a generic framework for a DRM system addressing the identified content piracy issues. The defined generic framework has been designed to avoid the weaknesses found in other schemes. The main contributions of this thesis include developing four new approaches that can be used to implement the proposed generic framework for managing an authorised domain. The four novel solutions all involve secure means for creating, managing and using a secure domain, which consists of all devices owned by a single owner. The schemes allow secure content sharing between devices in a domain, and prevent the illegal copying of content to devices outside the domain. In addition, each solution incorporates a method for binding a domain to a single owner, ensuring that only a single consumer owns and manages a domain. This enables binding of content licences to a single owner, thereby limiting illicit content proliferation. In the first solution, domain owners are authenticated using two-factor authentication, which involves 'something the domain owner has', Le. a master control device that controls and manages consumers domains, and binds devices joining a domain to itself, and 'something the domain owner is or knows', i.e. a biometric or password/PIN authentication mechanism that is implemented by the master control device. In the second solution, domain owners are authenticated using their payment cards, building on existing electronic payment systems by ensuring that the name and the date of birth of a domain creator are the same for all devices joining a domain. In addition, this solution helps to protect consumers' privacy; unlike in existing electronic payment systems, payment card details are not exposed to third parties. The third solution involves the use of a domain-specific mobile phone and the mobil~ phone network operator to authenticate a domain owner before devices can join a domain. The fourth solution involves the use of location-based services, ensuring that devices joining a consumer domain are located in physical proximity to the addresses registered for this domain. This restricts domain membership to devices in predefined geographical locations, helping to ensure that a single consumer owns and manages each domain.

Styles APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, etc.

2

Sharafeldin, Marwa. « Personal status law reform in Egypt : women's rights : NGOs navigating between Islamic law and human rights ». Thesis, University of Oxford, 2013. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:9d389f66-f8f6-4c0a-8755-1f7d2186a1ba.

Texte intégral

Résumé :

This thesis explores the ways in which Islamic law and human rights interact within the work of women’s rights non-governmental organizations (NGOs) that advocate the reform of the Egyptian Personal Status Law (PSL) in the period between 2006 and 2010. The thesis shows the relevance of the human rights framework as well as the flexibility of Islamic legal discourse in the work of the NGOs. Drawing on both Islamic law and human rights enabled NGOs to develop a more gender-sensitive religious discourse, which supported their PSL reform demands. However the interaction between these two frameworks was largely affected by several important factors, which sometimes led NGOs to dilute some of their demands. These factors included the implications of the change in the form of Shari‘a as codified law under the modern nation-state; the Egyptian political context both internally and externally; the common local perception that human rights are a Western production and an extension of Western colonialism; the dominant religious but patriarchal discourse governing the PSL; the implications of activism through the NGO structure; and the personal religiosity of individual activists. The thesis explores NGOs’ PSL reform demands in depth bearing in mind these factors. It investigates NGOs’ discourse and shows its strengths and weaknesses. It shows that the interaction between Islamic law and human rights within NGOs’ work in this particular Egyptian context produced reform demands that were innovative and practically appealing on one hand, but epistemologically problematic in some instances, on another.

Styles APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, etc.

3

Silva, Kelaniyage Buddhappriya Asoka. « Constitutional rights relating to criminal justice administration in South-Asia : a comparison with the European Convention on Human Rights ». Thesis, University of Southampton, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.327597.

Texte intégral

Styles APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, etc.

4

Harrelson-Stephens, Julie. « The value of human rights on the open market : Liberal economic policies and the achievement of personal integrity rights ». Thesis, University of North Texas, 2003. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc4419/.

Texte intégral

Résumé :

At the end of World War II, the United States emerged as a world leader, putting into place international institutions based on its own liberal economic philosophy. Since then, the world has witnessed an increasing interconnectedness among states, with economic relationships continually blurring the distinction between domestic and international, as well as between state and societal forces. Much of the world associates this increased interconnectedness with human suffering around the globe. This dissertation seeks to test the effects of economic globalization on personal integrity violations within a state, on the whole. Specifically, I examine three aspects associated with globalization, trade openness, investment and IMF funding within a state. Liberal economic theory suggests that economic relationships should foster positive gains. Particularly, economic relationships engender economic prosperity, diffusion of norms and idea, as well as the growth of a middle class which increasingly demands respect for its political and civil rights. Consistent with the liberal paradigm, I find that open trade and investment lead to improved personal integrity rights. In addition, investment which originates from the hegemon is especially likely to increase a state's respect for personal integrity rights. Conversely, IMF funding is likely to provoke protests from people in recipient countries, which often leads to increased repression by the state. To the extent that the IMF chooses to place importance on human rights, future attention should be paid to the practices of recipient countries. Overall, this dissertation suggests overall support for the liberal paradigm, that open economic policies are most likely to lead to improved levels of personal integrity rights.

Styles APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, etc.

5

Furberg, Elisabeth. « Advance Directives and Personal Identity ». Doctoral thesis, Stockholms universitet, Filosofiska institutionen, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-80513.

Texte intégral

Résumé :

Advance directives are instructions given by patients – or potential patients – specifying what actions ought to be taken for their health in the event that they are no longer capable to make decisions due to illness or incapacity. Over the last decades, there has been a rising tide in favour of advance directives: not only is the use of such directives recommended by most medical and advisory bodies, they are also gaining increasing legal recognition in many parts of the world. This book, however, takes as its point of departure one of the most commonly discussed medical-ethical arguments against granting advance directives moral force: the Objection from Personal Identity. The adherers of this objection basically asserts that when there is lacking psychological continuity between the person who formulated the advance directive and the later patient to whom it supposedly applies, this seriously threatens the directive’s moral authority. And, further, that this is so because lacking sufficient psychological continuity implies that the author of the advance directive is numerically distinct from the later patient. Although this argument has some initial appeal, most philosophers in the advance directives debate maintain that the Objection from Personal Identity fails, but suggest different reasons as to why. Whereas some argue that the objection has no force because it rests on faulty beliefs about personal identity, others argue that we ought to grant advance directives moral authority even if the author and the later patient are numerically distinct beings. This book investigates some of the most influential of these arguments and reaches the conclusion that the Objection from Personal Identity has more to it than is usually recognized in the medical-ethical debate. Lacking sufficient psychological continuity between author and later patient, it is concluded, does threaten the moral authority of the advance directive.

Styles APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, etc.

6

Weston, Mindy. « The Right to Be Forgotten : Analyzing Conflicts Between Free Expression and Privacy Rights ». BYU ScholarsArchive, 2017. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/6453.

Texte intégral

Résumé :

As modern technology continues to affect civilization, the issue of electronic rights grows in a global conversation. The right to be forgotten is a data protection regulation specific to the European Union but its consequences are creating an international stir in the fields of mass communication and law. Freedom of expression and privacy rights are both founding values of the United States which are protected by constitutional amendments written before the internet also changed those fields. In a study that analyzes the legal process of when these two fundamental values collide, this research offers insight into both personal and judicial views of informational priority. This thesis conducts a legal analysis of cases that cite the infamous precedents of Melvin v. Reid and Sidis v. F-R Pub. Corp., to examine the factors on which U.S. courts of law determinewhether freedom or privacy rules.

Styles APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, etc.

7

Bartholomew, Peter G. « Personal rights, property rights and Section 55(2) of the Copyright Act 1968 : a consideration of the adaptation right in the compulsory licensing scheme for recording of musical works ». Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 1998. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/36898/1/36898_Digitised%20Thesis.pdf.

Texte intégral

Styles APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, etc.

8

Philo, John C. « Health & ; safety rights and transnational liability for harm ». Thesis, McGill University, 2006. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=101826.

Texte intégral

Résumé :

Safety and health is a basic human need and when not met, exacts costs that prevent societies from realizing development goals. Injury is increasing as a leading cause of death and disability. As the result of advances in public health knowledge and safety engineering technology, accidents and other injury events are often preventable. Injuries result from identifiable determinants and conditions that create exposure to identifiable hazards. By controlling hazards, the toll of injury can be reduced.
International trade and investment can create conditions that increase or diminish the global injury burden. International institutions and national governments face the question of how to protect safety and health rights and reduce the injury burden in a world of increasingly global business activity. International institutions do not yet provide comprehensive regulation for exported harms. In common law nations, liability through formal law plays an important role in regulating conditions that can lead to injury. In such nations, private law can play an important role in filling segments of the regulatory gap relating to exported harms.

Styles APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, etc.

9

Aaron, Haley. « The Political is Personal : The Georgia Equal Rights Amendment Debate in Public and Private Discourse ». Digital Archive @ GSU, 2012. http://digitalarchive.gsu.edu/history_theses/56.

Texte intégral

Résumé :

Although previous scholars have addressed the legislative parameters of the Equal Rights Amendment debate in non-ratifying states, analysis of amendment supporters’ rhetoric has been limited. Examining the public and private writings of activists, This thesis presents the argument that pro-ERA coalitions in Georgia addressed the concerns of their opponents and developed rhetoric that deemphasized connections to the radical women’s liberation movement and argued that the ERA would enact legal, rather than social, change. While the educational materials produced by pro-ERA coalitions presented a logical analysis of the amendment’s legal ramifications, the personal discourse of Georgia activists presented an emotional defense of the amendment that has often been overlooked in previous studies.

Styles APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, etc.

10

Jaffer, Taskeen. « Women’s rights are human rights – a review of gender bias in South African tax law ». Diss., University of Pretoria, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/80447.

Texte intégral

Résumé :

The role of taxation in gender inequality is something that is perhaps not considered earnestly enough. Both in South Africa and within the context of global initiatives such as the Convention for the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination Against Women (CEDAW) and the Sustainable Development Goals (SDG) which are aimed at eradicating all forms of gender-based discrimination, the importance of understanding the gender consequences of tax policy, whether intended or not, should not be underestimated. This study seeks to identify whether or not there are any instances where South Africa’s personal income tax laws have an effect which is potentially inconsistent with both the Constitutional right to equality between genders and international gender equality agreements to which South Africa is bound, namely the CEDAW and the SDG. In doing so, determine whether South Africa’s personal income tax legislation should become a focal point in this regard and be one of the pillars that could further be used as a means to uphold and further the cause of substantive gender equity.
Mini Dissertation (MCom (Taxation))--University of Pretoria, 2020.
pt2021
Taxation
MCom (Taxation)
Unrestricted

Styles APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, etc.

11

Cristofari, Fabiana. « Identità personale e multiculturalismo ». Doctoral thesis, Università di Catania, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10761/1440.

Texte intégral

Résumé :

Un rapido sguardo alle caratteristiche dello Stato moderno ci consente di mettere in luce come lo scenario attuale sia radicalmente mutato e il declino degli Stati Nazione si collochi entro i processi opposti di globalizzazione e localismo. In questo senso, il concetto d identita europea post-nazionalista si deve confrontare con entrambi i fenomeni: da una parte, elaborando un nuovo stile di governo capace di governare la complessità ed abbandonando nel processo d integrazione europea la logica del pensiero binario noi/altri che ha costituito le basi dell eurocentrismo, verso un pensiero della differenza che possa essere tradotto in forme flessibili di cittadinanza; dall altra, ridefinendo, sulla base di nuove categorie concettuali, il contributo che l Europa può e vuole dare al processo di creazione di un nuovo ordine mondiale. Tali questioni, investono, indubbiamente anche la dimensione strettamente giuridica lì dove l estensione dello spazio politico attraverso entità sovranazionali ha condotto a un ingente produzione normativa rafforzata con la definizione giuridico-politica di un catalogo di diritti umani la cui transnazionalizzazione da far valere in contrapposizione alla sovranità giuridica degli stati nazionali può costituire una chiave di lettura con la quale aprire le porte alla creazione di una società civile europea (cfr. Convenzione europea) le cui possibilità di sviluppo risiedono in una nuova concezione di cittadinanza basata sull appartenenza alla società civile e alle molteplici comunità locali di cui consta. Ma, dietro una facciata apparentemente uniforme di consensi, i problemi relativi ai diritti umani, sia dal punto di vista teorico che della loro applicazione, sono molti e complessi per quanto riguarda la loro universalità, ma anche a causa dell interpretazione del testo della Dichiarazione nei decenni successivi. Tali problemi si riflettono in particolare modo nella sfera del diritto penale lì dove nella giurisprudenza si evidenzia una chiara tendenza a riconoscere valore attenuante all influenza di fattori culturali nel determinare la condotta penalmente rilevante dell imputato: i c.d. reati culturalmente motivati. Lo studio dei rapporti tra diritto penale e radici culturali dell imputato mette in luce una babele di opzioni penali. È nelle aule giudiziarie, prima ancora che nel dibattito teorico, del resto, che si è posto il problema di come trattare l imputato che affermi di aver commesso il reato sotto l influenza della cultura del suo gruppo d origine. I numerosi casi giurisprudenziali in cui si è posta la questione del rilievo da attribuire alla motivazione culturale dell imputato, hanno innescato un acceso dibattito tra sostenitori ed oppositori delle esimenti culturali . La questione dei reati culturalmente motivati , oltre a suscitare alcune perplessità sotto il profilo più specificatamente penalistico, ripropone un ordine di problemi di carattere filosofico - politico che rendono complesso e controverso il rapporto tra neutralità dello Stato liberale e tutela delle differenze culturali. Fino a che punto è auspicabile l ampliamento delle istanze tutelabili dai diritti umani? I diritti culturali andrebbero difesi come una categoria dei diritti umani da aggiungersi ai diritti già tradizionalmente riconosciuti? Fino a dove può e deve spingersi la tutela della diversità se si vuole che la pluralità delle culture risulti compatibile con un ordine sociale garante delle ragioni della libertà? Il presente lavoro a partire da un analisi legislativa e giurisprudenziale che mette in luce le principali risposte date dal diritto penale in ambito europeo cerca di fornire una risposta a tali interrogativi andando al di là della proposta del liberalismo e del comunitarismo.

Styles APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, etc.

12

Johansson, Emilia. « Kan inhyrning av personal utgöra ett otillåtet kringgående av företrädesrätten ? » Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för ekonomistyrning och logistik (ELO), 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-43822.

Texte intégral

Résumé :

The purpose of this paper is to highlight the issue of preferential rights in relation to the increased practice of hiring temporary staff. The object is illuminated from a diversity perspective by seeing what a circumvention of the preferential rights may have consequences for vulnerable groups on the Swedish labor market. The question of preferential rights to reinstatement is controlled in The Employment Protection Act. The preferential right is for the protection of workers made redundant due to redundancy. The use of agency workers has increased significantly in the Swedish labor market since the industry's legalization in 1993. This has created some problems in terms of preferential rights. To a circumvention of the law, shall exist requires that the measures constitute circumvention is justified, measures should have been sought to circumvent the law and been unfair in view of the particular case. Hiring of staff is not considered as a new employment, which is the requirement to invoke preferential rights, thus causing it to staff hiring is legitimate action under the preferential time. To reduce the abuse of the right of priority, I believe that the application of law should be changed so that it takes into account the triangular available on today's labor market.

Styles APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, etc.

13

Lakssimi, Tarik. « La summa divisio des droits réels et des droits personnels : étude critique ». Thesis, Paris Est, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PEST0049.

Texte intégral

Résumé :

Il est devenu commun, pour la doctrine civiliste, de présenter la scène juridique par la summa divisio des droits réels et des droits personnels. Les premiers permettent aux personnes d'exercer leur domination sur le monde des choses, tandis que les seconds constituent des liens de droit entre personnes – des obligations. Si la structure du droit réel apparaît, ainsi, comme un lien direct entre une personne et une chose, celle du droit personnel souffre la présence d'un débiteur, contre lequel s'exerce le droit. La doctrine considère que cette opposition structurelle des droits réels et des droits personnels se traduit, concrètement, par une différence de régime au profit du droit réel : ce dernier serait supérieur au droit personnel, du fait, notamment, de la plus grande efficacité de son régime de protection. Or, la thèse donne d'abord l'occasion de constater que cette hiérarchie dans le régime de protection des droits réels et des droits personnels ne trouve aucun fondement en droit positif. En conséquence, dès lors que la différence de régime des droits réels et des droits personnels est présentée par la doctrine comme la traduction de l'opposition structurelle de ces droits, la pertinence de cette classification structurelle apparaît douteuse. Pour autant, la thèse conduira à la conservation de la summa divisio des droits réels et des droits personnels. Ce maintien requiert, néanmoins, de modifier le critère de distinction qui organise actuellement la summa divisio, à savoir la prétendue supériorité du droit réel sur le droit personnel. Le plan suivi pour cette démonstration est le suivant : I : L'origine de la summa divisio II : Les incohérences de la summa divisio III : La correction de la summa divisio
It has become common for civil law doctrinal writings to present the legal developments by a summa divisio of real rights and personal rights. The real rights allow persons to exercise their domination over the world of things, whereas personal rights constitute legal relationships between persons - obligations. Even if the structure of real right, thus, seems like a direct relationship between the person and the thing, personal right suffers from the debtor's presence against whom this right is exercised. The doctrinal writings consider that this structural opposition of real rights and personal rights is concretely interpreted as a difference in the regime to the benefit of real right: the latter would be superior to personal rights particularly because of the greater efficiency of its protection regime. However, the thesis first gives an opportunity to note that this hierarchy in the protection regime of real rights and personal rights has no basis in positive law. Consequently, when the difference between the real rights and personal rights regime is presented by the doctrinal writings as a structural opposition of these rights, the relevancy of such structural classification appears doubtful. However, the thesis will lead to the safeguarding of the summa divisio of real rights and personal rights. This nevertheless requires modifying the criterion of distinction that currently organizes the summa divisio, namely the alleged superiority of real right on personal right. The plan for demonstrating the above is as follows: I: Origin of the summa divisio II: Inconsistencies in the summa divisio III: Correction of the summa divisio

Styles APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, etc.

14

Kuga, Thas Angela Marianne. « Authentically ambiguous, credibly anonymous : Perceptually reframing the personal narrative towards effective persuasion in aggressive human rights contexts ». Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2015.

Trouver le texte intégral

Résumé :

Testing the strategies of discourse and materiality, this practice-based and practice-led research experiments with how anonymous storytelling by vulnerable communities, like that of the sexual minorities and their allies in Malaysia, can better speak to their human rights issues without further subjecting them to personal attacks and targetted persecution. The research identifies the critical role of the voice in lending authenticity and credibility to first person narratives; and contextual credibility as a form of credibility which personal stories naturally aspire to achieve with audiences. Adopting a discursive view of persuasion and recognising too that the power of persuasion may in effect lie with those who receive these stories rather than with those who tell them, the insights and knowledge gained from the research informed the development of the field output, Persuasive Storytelling by Vulnerable Communities in Aggressive Contexts: A Human Rights Communication Framework.

Styles APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, etc.

15

Ahmed, Farrah. « Religious autonomy and the personal law system ». Thesis, University of Oxford, 2012. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:e8d532c3-be53-4823-ba9d-bb78a9aaefcc.

Texte intégral

Résumé :

This thesis examines the Indian system of personal laws (‘the PLS’), under which the state applies a version of religious doctrine to the family matters of citizens whom it identifies as belonging to different religious groups. There has been a lengthy and persistent debate over the PLS, particularly in relation to its discriminatory effects upon women. However, another problem with the PLS has been little commented-upon. Supporters of the PLS emphasise its positive impact on religious freedom to such an extent that there is a pervasive assumption that the PLS is, indeed, good for religious freedom. But there has been surprisingly little critical assessment of the truth of this claim in either academic or political debates. This thesis, a work of applied normative legal theory, attempts to fill this important gap in the literature on the PLS. The thesis addresses the question of how the PLS affects one conception of religious freedom, namely religious autonomy. Its principal findings are that the PLS interferes with the religious autonomy of those subject to it by affecting their religious options (by interfering with their freedom from religion and their freedom to practice religion) and by harming their self-respect (by discriminating on the grounds of sex and religion, and by misrecognising their religious identities). Furthermore, the thesis finds that the PLS cannot be defended in the name of religious autonomy based on the possibility of exit from the system, the advantage of having the ‘option of personal law’, the power it gives people to bind their future selves, the expressive potential of the personal laws, the contribution it makes to membership in a religious community, the contribution it makes to religious group autonomy, or the recognition or validation it provides for religious identities. These conclusions imply that concerns relating to religious autonomy constitute an important set of objections to the PLS. The thesis then considers several reform proposals, including certain modifications of the PLS, a move towards a millet system, ‘internal’ reform of individual personal laws and the introduction of a Uniform Civil Code. It particularly focusses on one reform possibility – religious alternative dispute resolution – which has not been considered closely in the Indian context.

Styles APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, etc.

16

Ntloko, Balisa Mirriam. « Hearing the voice of rural women regarding personal development issues ». Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/12736.

Texte intégral

Résumé :

Some rural communities in South Africa suffer from the results of inequity and disempowerment. It is especially black females who are affected in this regard. A number of factors contribute to the oppression of female voices in their rural communities. In this study the voice is considered the right and freedom of speech for women to express their opinions in order to influence others. Both the national government and civil society fervently push for the placement of women and children empowerment onto the development agenda. Yet, one still notes with concern that in reality, it seems to be mostly men who fully enjoy freedom of speech, senior employment and decision making powers in South Africa. Thus, it remains evident that not enough has been done to redress gender inequities,especially in South African rural communities. Focussing on one rural community situated in the outskirts of the Eastern Cape (former Transkei), this research undertook to determine the various ways in which rural women may have their voice heard in their immediate communities, particularly pertaining to personal development issues. Community members, who were identified through a purposive sampling method, shared their perceptions on the research topic.Through the research, it has become clear that in order to overcome female silence, the communal role of women needs to be broadened beyond the scope of traditionally gendered activities such as the carrying out of house work/chores such as cooking or childrearing. Furthermore, women must be knowledgeable about their basic human rights and responsibilities; their education in this regard should be made a national priority. It has also become evident that in order to overcome female voices remaining silent, women should begin to take greater personal responsibility over their reproductive health.Practical recommendations to ddress each framed theme have been presented.

Styles APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, etc.

17

Hoogen, Siri Rebecca. « Contexts of choice : Personal constructs of motherhood in women's abortion decisions ». Miami University / OhioLINK, 2010. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=miami1292364393.

Texte intégral

Styles APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, etc.

18

Nsengiyumva, Ladislas. « Supporting a Human Rights Agenda : A Three-Pillar Virtue-Based Personal and Social Anthropology of Public Health Policy for Sub-Saharan Africa ». Thesis, Boston College, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/2345/bc-ir:107471.

Texte intégral

Résumé :

Thesis advisor: James F. Keenan
Thesis advisor: Andrea Vicini
Sub-Saharan Africa has one of the worst health care systems in the world. Besides, underdeveloped economies paired with political instability do not offer much hope for improvement. In fact, despite many efforts by local, international organizations and governments to help in this field, the majority of the populations in this region do not have access to basic health care. With this in mind, the aim of this research project is to develop a personal and social anthropology of the human rights language read through the lens of the common good in order to contribute to creating and developing sustainable healthcare systems. While agreeing that many efforts have been made using different frameworks in the sphere of public health ethics in the past two decades and aware of the possibility that other underlying causes may have contributed to the failure of health systems in Sub-Saharan Africa, we will choose to address the human rights language as the main interlocutor for future contribution. This choice is motivated by the influence of human rights on public health policies that affect the lives of people in general
Thesis (STL) — Boston College, 2016
Submitted to: Boston College. School of Theology and Ministry
Discipline: Sacred Theology

Styles APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, etc.

19

Hodgkins, Stephen L. « Discoursing disability : the personal and political positioning of disabled people in talk and textwork ». Thesis, University of Northampton, 2008. http://nectar.northampton.ac.uk/2836/.

Texte intégral

Résumé :

This thesis presents a critical disability discourse analysis. It examines the discursive construction of disability and the personal and political positioning of disabled people. Focusing on disclosure, identity, activism, theory and policy issues relating to disabled people, the naturalisation and invalidation of the disabled body is explored and critiqued. Organised in three parts, the thesis begins by considering some significant historical moments, the sociolegal context and the recent politicisation of both disabled people and disability research. Disability is argued as embedded in, and institutionalised by, political regulatory structures and research that risks de-politicisation of it is critiqued. Part two considers theories, methods and the text data collected for the research. This defines the theoretical orientation to discursive psychology, discourse analysis and critical disability studies. Disability is articulated as an object in, and for interaction and its construction linked to historical, social and political structures that regulate and sustain the human subject. The text data used in the thesis is then presented in terms of the collection process and the organisation of extracts within the current thesis. The forms of text data collected include transcriptions of discussion groups with disabled people, front line workers and senior managers, policy documents, publicity imagery and Hansard records of parliamentary debates. Part three then presents a critical disability discourse analysis using this text data. Drawing on the framework of discourse analysis as articulated by Potter and Wetherell (1987) the discursive function, construction and variation of disability talk and textwork is critically considered. This reveals dilemmas of positioning and ideology during moments of disability disclosure. Analytical commentary argues that disability identity is constructed by an interpretative repertoire embedded in the antithesis of desired and valued life. The construction of ‘barriers’ in social model texts are also explored in discussion groups and local policy documents. This shows the recent distortion and colonisation of the social model, and suggests that the metaphor of ‘barriers’ used to signify the structures that disable people has lost its once radical and resistive power. Hansard records are then used to explore implications and dilemmas which arise regarding agency, autonomy and the disabled body in relation to dominant discourses of individualism and the challenges this poses for an ‘independent living’ reform strategy. The thesis concludes by asserting a discursive mode of disablism. This is suggested as a useful driver for research and initiatives to expose and challenge everyday discourses and practises that perpetuate the invalidation of the disabled body.

Styles APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, etc.

20

Cherland, Kelsey. « The Development Of Personal Status Law In Jordan & ; Iraq ». Scholarship @ Claremont, 2014. http://scholarship.claremont.edu/cmc_theses/865.

Texte intégral

Résumé :

This thesis explores the historical development of personal status law, which governs a person’s marriage, divorce, and custody rights. It is significant because it is part of a framework that has defined women’s rights for centuries. I will argue that personal status law is a patriarchal framework that has been reinforced over time, leading up to the creation of nation-states in the Middle East. As such, this is the “institution” of personal status that will be traced using historical institutionalism theory. In this thesis I will argue that personal status has undergone a critical juncture, or crucial moment of potential to change, in both Jordan and Iraq’s founding, and that this has consequentially affected personal status law development and responses to the women’s movement throughout the 20th century in both countries. This thesis briefly reviews the role of women’s rights and the development of law in pre-Islam era, Islam and the Qur’an, and the Ottoman Empire in order to describe the institution of personal status law. Next, I review the history of Jordan and then Iraq and identify the critical juncture of personal status in historical context. In each chapter I will also explore the matter of de facto, or what women’s rights are like in practice, as an example of the institution at work in the patriarchal protection paradox.

Styles APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, etc.

21

Rapoport, Yuri. « A critical analysis of the extent to which the personal civil rights recognised in the constitution of the Russian Federation are enjoyed under Russian law / ». Gold Coast, QLD : Bond University, 2006. http://epublications.bond.edu.au/theses/rapoport.

Texte intégral

Résumé :

Thesis (SJD) -- Bond University, 2006.
"This thesis is submitted to Bond University in fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Legal Science"-- t.p. Bibliography: pages 117-125. Also available via the World Wide Web.

Styles APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, etc.

22

Nisan, Yüce. « Right to be forgotten as a fundamental human right ». Thesis, National Aviation University, 2021. https://er.nau.edu.ua/handle/NAU/53732.

Texte intégral

Résumé :

Purpose: the main objective of this paper is to study the right to be forgotten as a fundamental human right and its legal basis. Methods of research: general scientific, philosophical and specially-legal methods of scientific research have been used. A system analysis method was used to determine the term of the right to be forgotten and regulations related to the right. The case method and doctrinal research method were used for determining the general understanding of the right. A dogmatic method was valuable to formulate conclusions and recommendations of practical character within the research issues concerning the correct and effective usage of the right. Results: the growing pace and place of the Internet have put the processing of personal data in a new light, and it is now accepted as a fundamental human right to request to be removed from any databases under the provisioned circumstances, thus, “to be forgotten.” To examine the right further, studies have been made both by international and national authorities. While the right to be forgotten must be exercised with the utmost care, it must be ensured that it does not conflict with the freedom of expression and freedom of the press; the balance between legal interest and rights must be maintained. Discussion: it was based on the scope and limitations of the right to be forgotten and the effectiveness of current laws.

Styles APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, etc.

23

Hooker, Marie-Antoinette. « A philosophical study of the meaning, justification and scope of personal and individual human rights in the contemporary world, and their social context ». Online version, 1987. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?did=1&uin=uk.bl.ethos.233392.

Texte intégral

Styles APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, etc.

24

Hooker, M.-A. « A philosophical study of the meaning, justification and scope of personal and individual human rights in the contemporary world, and their social context ». Thesis, University of Manchester, 1987. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.233392.

Texte intégral

Styles APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, etc.

25

Rosenquist, Joachim. « Pluralism and unity in education : on education for democratic citizenship and personal autonomy in a pluralist society ». Doctoral thesis, Örebro universitet, Akademin för humaniora, utbildning och samhällsvetenskap, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-15487.

Texte intégral

Résumé :

The overarching theme of this thesis concerns the possibility of balancing the values of unity and pluralism in education in developed nation states characterized by an increasing pluralism when it comes to the beliefs and values of its citizens. The author suggests that democracy has a normative basis in the principle of reciprocity which can be supported in an overlapping consensus by reasonable persons who differ in their moral, religious and philosophical beliefs. It is argued that this basis mandates a deliberative kind of democracy and that certain implications follow for how to understand the relation between democracy and individual rights, between democracy and religious belief and speech, and between rationality and deliberation, among other things. The author proceeds to discuss three educational issues in relation to the principle of reciprocity and its implications: 1. The legitimacy and content of a mandatory citizenship education, 2. Children’s rights to develop personal autonomy, 3. The opportunity for parents and children to choose which school children attend. These issues are important in relation to the question of how to balance unity and pluralism in education in that they concern the promotion of certain common beliefs, values and dispositions among citizens or the creation of a system of choice between schools with different profiles. The purpose of the discussion is to construct a theoretical position which balances the values of unity and pluralism in education, by giving diversity its due (contra communitarianism) while upholding a measure of unity (contra libertarianism and radical multiculturalism) which is located in the democratic and autonomy- promoting purposes of education rather than (exclusively) in its economic/vocational purposes (contra neo-liberalism). The discussions make use of political philosophy, educational philosophy and empirical research carried out by other researchers.

Styles APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, etc.

26

Edberg, Tobias. « Personal data and direct marketing : Coase Theorem on EU Directive 95/46/EC ». Thesis, Linköping University, Department of Management and Economics, 2000. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-647.

Texte intégral

Résumé :

The right to personal data is compared with the right to land. The concept of rights may be regarded as bundles of rights of which the right to use of scarce resources, the right to exclude and the right transfer rights are the most important ones. The development of Information Technology has reduced considerably the cost of using personal data leadingto an increased use of the data in the context of direct marketing by different firms. However, the use and processing of personal data may cause externalities, both positive and negative ones, on the individual to whom the data relates. This situation can be analysed with the Coase Theorem, where the transaction costs have important function. In a state of zero transaction costs the parties, firms and individuals, can make agreements of an optimal use of the personal data, independently of the assignments of rights to the personal data. Such agreements internalise further the externalities. However, in the real life the transaction costs are high meaning that the assignments of rights are most significant leading to that the externalities remain. To pass by the problem of transaction costs and externalities, zoning procedure with transference of rights can be used. The background of bundles of right to personal data together with the Coase Theorem and zoning procedure are applied to the Directive 95 /46/EC adopted by the European Union regarding the processing of personal data and the protection of privacy. This Directive may however be interpreted in different ways leading to that the assignment of rights and level of direct marketing is different between Member States.

Styles APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, etc.

27

Чечун, О. В. « Право дітей та молоді на вільний та всебічний розвиток своєї особистості ». Thesis, Українська академія банківської справи Національного банку України, 2006. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/60288.

Texte intégral

Styles APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, etc.

28

Пономаренко, К. І., et М. Сачок. « Проект Закону України "Про захист персональних даних" та досвід правотворчості Російської Федерації ». Thesis, Видавництво СумДУ, 2010. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/16742.

Texte intégral

Résumé :

Попередній аналіз стану законодавства з питань персональних даних показує, що для повноцінного функціонування інституту захисту персональних даних в Україні необхідно прийняти необхідні нормативно-правові акти, враховуючи зарубіжний досвід. При цитуванні документа, використовуйте посилання http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/16742

Styles APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, etc.

29

Avila, Priscilla de Oliveira Pinto. « Exercício do direito à intimidade no ambiente de trabalho : limites ao poder diretivo do empregador ». Universidade de São Paulo, 2011. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/2/2138/tde-12092012-160324/.

Texte intégral

Résumé :

O presente trabalho é dedicado ao estudo do direito à intimidade do empregado e busca definir o papel do empregador diante de conflitos entre esse direito e outros direitos fundamentais no ambiente de trabalho. No primeiro capítulo examina-se o poder diretivo, dando-se ênfase à sua natureza jurídica, ao seu fundamento jurídico e aos limites que lhe são impostos, a fim de delimitar o âmbito de atuação legitimamente reconhecido ao empregador. No segundo capítulo analisa-se a teoria geral dos direitos da personalidade, a fim de compreender as características gerais aplicáveis ao direito à intimidade. O terceiro capítulo é dedicado exclusivamente ao estudo do direito à intimidade: sua origem, evolução histórica, conceito, alcance, características específicas, limitações e regime jurídico. No quarto capítulo o direito à intimidade é examinado enquanto direito fundamental. Nesse capítulo também é estudada a eficácia horizontal dos direitos fundamentais, a fim de compreender de que forma eles devem ser observados nas relações de trabalho. São apresentadas, ainda, duas propostas de solução para a colisão entre esses direitos: a de José Joaquim Gomes Canotilho e a de Virgílio Afonso da Silva. Por fim, são avaliadas algumas situações hipotéticas em que frequentemente se observa o conflito entre o direito à intimidade e outros direitos fundamentais no ambiente de trabalho e propostas soluções para esses conflitos com base nas ideias dos constitucionalistas mencionados.
This work is devoted to the study of the right to the employees intimacy and its attempt is to define the role of employer before the conflicts between this right and other fundamental rights in the working environment. The first chapter examines the employers directive power, emphasizing their legal nature, legal base and the limits imposed, in order to delimit the scope of action legitimately acknowledged the employer. The second chapter analyzes the general theory of the personality rights, in order to understand the general characteristics applied for the intimacy rights. The third chapter is exclusively devoted to the study of the intimacy rights: their origin, historical evolution, concept, scope, specific characteristics, limitations and legal regime. In the fourth chapter the intimacy right is examined as a fundamental right. In this chapter is either studied the horizontal effectiveness to the fundamental rights, in order to understand how they should be observed in working relationships. There are, in addition, two proposals presented as the solution to the collision between these rights: José Joaquim Gomes Canotilho and Virgílio Afonso da Silva. Finally, some hypothetical situations are assessed where the conflict between the intimacy right and other fundamental rights can be frequently observed in the work environment and it is proposed various solutions to these conflicts based on the ideas of the scholars mentioned.

Styles APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, etc.

30

Provost, René. « Human Rights in Times of Social Insecurity : Canadian Experience and Inter-American Perspectives ». Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, 2017. http://repositorio.pucp.edu.pe/index/handle/123456789/115752.

Texte intégral

Résumé :

Canada’s experience in the war against terrorism goes back to the seventies, and continues to develop nowadays, with the last direct terrorist activity in 2017. The Canadian Government reacted to these terrorist attacks by enacting a number of statutes that reflect a changing international paradigm in relation to the fight against terrorism. Fundamental rights and liberties such as the freedom of expression, the right to private life and to personal freedom have been curtailed by these legislative measures. The practical consequences of these measures are analyzed via a comparative examination of the Inter-American System of Human Rights. In general terms, the war against terrorism produces significant impacts over the human rights.
La experiencia de Canadá en la lucha contra el terrorismo se remonta a inicios de la década de los setenta y se desarrolla hasta la época actual (los acontecimientos más recientes han tenido lugar en el año 2017). Las medidas legislativas fueron la vía adoptada por parte de Canadá para contrarrestar los ataques y reflejar el cambio de paradigma político en la esfera internacional con relación al fenómeno del terrorismo. Derechos fundamentales como el derecho a la libre expresión, a la vida privada y a la libertad personal se encuentran particularmente afectados por estas medidas. Un análisis comparativo del sistema canadiense y el sistema interamericano permite identificar las consecuencias de estas medidas. En términos más amplios, la lucha contra el terrorismo genera impactos significativos sobre los derechos humanos en general.

Styles APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, etc.

31

Whitman, Kim. « Contesting Uganda's legislative homophobia in the African court on human and peoples' rights : Substantive and procedural challenges ». University of the Western Cape, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/8219.

Texte intégral

Résumé :

Magister Legum - LLM
In many societies, a division between genders exist. This differentiation is attributed to a patriarchal culture which creates gender norms in sexualities.1 A set of cultural practices and expectations exist; these cultural practices and expectations assume that heterosexuality is the cornerstone of social unions - this phenomenon is known as heteronormativity.2 Heteronormativity affords that there are only two sexes with predetermined gender roles,3 creating the homophobia in societies. Human rights infringements on the basis of gender identity and sexual orientation has become noticeable across Africa.4 Homophobia in Africa is linked to the codification of laws that infringed on human rights under colonialism, which still forms part of the current norms around sexuality.5 Homosexuality is prohibited and is unlawful in most of the countries in Africa, South Africa being the only country that allows for the legal union of same-sex couples.6 There have been a number of academic texts debating the importance of culture against the right to equality in the South African context; 7 however, there is an inadequate amount of academic text available about this topic on an African level. Therefore, an ongoing debate about the protection of "sexual minorities" contrasted with the protection of cultural rights exists on an international scale. 8 The rights of sexual minorities are disregarded too often and they are often denied equal and fair access to the law. A large number of African countries believe that homosexuality is un African,9 thus choosing to exclude lesbians and gays from citizen rights. 10 Due to this belief, the practice of homosexuality in Africa is seen one that goes against the morals and values of the majority of society. This creates a stand-off between cultural rights and equality rights of sexual minorities.

Styles APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, etc.

32

Mason, Nils A. B. « Individualism in Roman society 200 BC-AD 212 : a study of the person, personal rights and law in the light of modern political theory ». Thesis, University of Manchester, 2008. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.493668.

Texte intégral

Résumé :

The primary aim of this thesis is to address the question of whether the individual or the state was considered more important in Ancient Roman society, In the introduction I present two arguments that claim that the State came first. The first line of argument suggests that Roman custom and mores created a climate in which the individual counted for ahnost nothing and was shackled to the state by ideal of duty. This proposition, which was developed between the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, has never been properly addressed by modem writers, yet its premises still have an effect on modem analyses of Roman society. The second argument is more current and looks purely at Graeco-Roman philosophy to suggest that notions of duty were of paramount importance and that society was considered more important than the individual.

Styles APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, etc.

33

Боклаг, І. Я. « Забезпечення принципу поваги до приватного і сімейного життя у правоохоронній діяльності ». Thesis, Чернігів, 2021. http://ir.stu.cn.ua/123456789/23087.

Texte intégral

Résumé :

Боклаг, І. Я. Забезпечення принципу поваги до приватного і сімейного життя у правоохоронній діяльності : випускна кваліфікаційна робота : 262 "Правоохоронна діяльність" / І. Я. Боклаг ; керівник роботи О. А. Марущак ; НУ "Чернігівська політехніка", кафедра правоохоронної діяльності та загальноправових дисциплін. – Чернігів, 2021. – 64 с.
Актуальність дослідження обумовлена тим, що нині відбувається активний процес реформування Конституції України. І саме зараз як ніколи наукові напрацювання і пропозиції щодо вдосконалення конституційно-правового регулювання особистого і сімейного життя є найбільш потрібними не лише для суб’єктів законодавчого процесу, але й для суспільства в цілому. Основний Закон України у ст. 32 закріплює конституційне право людини на недоторканність її особистого та сімейного життя, що фактично означає гарантовану державою можливість кожного уникати несанкціоно-ваного втручання з боку влади, суспільства або інших осіб в особисту та сімейну сферу та зберігати в таємниці відомості, що стосуються його особистого й сімейного життя. В розділі 1 роботи проаналізовано поняття приватного і сімейного життя в доктрині та законодавстві;. проаналізувано правове регулювання забезпечення поваги до приватного і сімейного життя. В розділі 2 роботи досліджено зміст принципу на повагу до приватного і сімейного життя та проаналізувано суб’єктів права на невтручання у приватне і сімейне життя Розділ 3 магістерської роботи присвячено дослідженню специфіку забезпечення принципу поваги до приватного і сімейного життя в вітчизняній судовій та правозастосовній практиці та досліджено практику Європейського суду з прав людини щодо забезпечення поваги до приватного і сімейного життя. Наукова новизна одержаних результатів дослідження полягає в тому, що: - уточнено поняття права на повагу до приватного і сімейного життя; - уточнено поняття особисте життя; - запропоновано удосконалити конструкцію ст. 32 Конституції України таким чином, щоб чітко відмежувати між собою особисте, приватне і сімейного життя.
The relevance of the study is due to the fact that currently there is an active process of reforming the Constitution of Ukraine. And right now, more than ever, scientific developments and proposals to improve the constitutional and legal regulation of personal and family life are most needed not only for the subjects of the legislative process, but also for society as a whole. The Basic Law of Ukraine in Art. 32 enshrines the constitutional right of a person to the inviolability of his private and family life, which in fact means a state-guaranteed opportunity for everyone to avoid unauthorized interference by the authorities, society or others in the personal and family spheres and to keep secret information concerning his personal and family life. Section 1 of the work analyzes the concept of private and family life in doctrine and legislation ;. the legal regulation of ensuring respect for private and family life is analyzed. Section 2 of the paper examines the content of the principle of respect for private and family life and analyzes the subjects of the right not to interfere in private and family life Section 3 of the master's thesis is devoted to the study of the specifics of ensuring the principle of respect for private and family life in domestic judicial and law enforcement practice and examines the case law of the European Court of Human Rights to ensure respect for private and family life. The scientific novelty of the obtained research results is that: - the concept of the right to respect for private and family life is specified; - the concept of personal life is specified; - it is offered to improve a design of Art. 32 of the Constitution of Ukraine in such a way as to clearly distinguish between personal, private and family life

Styles APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, etc.

34

Carrero, Domínguez Carmen. « The Basic Income as a Possible Instrument of Personal, Family and Labor Reconciliation ». Derecho & ; Sociedad, 2017. http://repositorio.pucp.edu.pe/index/handle/123456789/119162.

Texte intégral

Résumé :

The present paper will analyze, in the first place, the state of reconciliation of work, personal and family life, pointing those deficiencies that are presented, and the obstacles on the development of this right. Additionally, it will analyze if the establishment of a basic income could be an incentive to this reconciliation or, to the contrary, it could have an adverse effect, this seen from a gender perspective.
El presente estudio analizará, en primer lugar, el estado de la conciliación de la vida personal, familiar y laboral, señalando aquellas carencias que presenta y los obstáculos del desarrollo de este derecho. Adicionalmente, se analizará si el establecimiento de una renta básica puede ser un incentivo a la conciliación, o en cambio sería perjudicial, esto último visto desde la perspectiva del género.

Styles APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, etc.

35

Kamleitner, Bernadette, et Vince Mitchell. « Your Data Is My Data : A Framework for Addressing Interdependent Privacy Infringements ». Sage, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0743915619858924.

Texte intégral

Résumé :

Everyone holds personal information about others. Each person's privacy thus critically depends on the interplay of multiple actors. In an age of technology integration, this interdependence of data protection is becoming a major threat to privacy. Yet current regulation focuses on the sharing of information between two parties rather than multiactor situations. This study highlights how current policy inadequacies, illustrated by the European Union General Data Protection Regulation, can be overcome by means of a deeper understanding of the phenomenon. Specifically, the authors introduce a new phenomenological framework to explain interdependent infringements. This framework builds on parallels between property and privacy and suggests that interdependent peer protection necessitates three hierarchical steps, "the 3Rs": realize, recognize, and respect. In response to observed failures at these steps, the authors identify four classes of intervention that constitute a toolbox addressing what can be done by marketers, regulators, and privacy organizations. While the first three classes of interventions address issues arising from the corresponding 3Rs, the authors specifically advocate for a fourth class of interventions that proposes radical alternatives that shift the responsibilities for privacy protection away from consumers.

Styles APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, etc.

36

Chambardon, Nicolas. « L'identité numérique de la personne humaine : contribution à l'étude du droit fondamental à la protection des données à caractères personnel ». Thesis, Lyon, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018LYSE2072.

Texte intégral

Résumé :

Les données à caractère personnel sont appréhendées par le droit comme des objets distincts de la personne à laquelle elles se rapportent. Ce statut particulier serait justifié par la transformation résultant du traitement de données. La loi du 6 janvier 1978 suggère pourtant un rattachement en définissant la donnée personnelle comme une « information relative à une personne physique identifiée ou qui peut être identifiée, directement ou indirectement ». Lesdites données sont donc des éléments identifiants, et en cela, par une interdépendance des éléments subjectifs et objectifs, des composantes de l’identité. Elles forment l’identité numérique de la personne, toujours plus sollicitée et collectée. L’hypothèse intuitive de l’identité est contrariée par le droit positif français, au sein duquel la loi Informatique et libertés marque son autonomie par rapport à l’article 9 du Code civil, matrice des droits de la personnalité. Le droit de l’Union européenne isole également, au sein de la Charte des droits fondamentaux, la protection des données à caractère personnel de la protection de la vie privée. Cette autonomisation permet l’accélération de la patrimonialisation des données à caractère personnel, visées comme éléments isolés par une multitude de contrats d’adhésion autorisant le traitement. Le sectionnement du lien entre la personne et ses données n’est toutefois pas inéluctable : la protection de l’autonomie de la personne peut maintenir cette connexion. La Cour européenne des droits de l’Homme, qui intègre la protection des données à celle de la vie privée, affirme le lien entre ces informations personnelles et l’identité. En outre, sa jurisprudence relative à la protection de l’autonomie personnelle peut constituer une réponse à l’objectivation des personnes. Dans le même sens, la jurisprudence du Conseil constitutionnel relative à la liberté personnelle, vecteur du droit au développement de la personnalité et de la protection de l’identité en France, a déjà accueilli favorablement la protection des données à caractère personnel. Une réflexion qui prend l’identité comme point de départ de l’étude d’un droit à la protection des données met en lumière le véritable enjeu de la collecte exponentielle des données à caractère personnel et du profilage qui s’en suit : l’autonomie des personnes, dont la préservation est assurée à travers le concept de personne humaine, sujet des droits fondamentaux
French law approaches personal data and the person they are related to as separated objects. This special status would be justified by the transformation resulting from the data processing. However, by defining personal data as "information relating to an identified or identifiable natural person, directly or indirectly", the law of 6 January 1978 suggests that they are in fact connected to each other. Therefore, those data are to be understood as identifying elements. Following the interdependence of subjective and objective elements, they are components of identity. They form the person’s digital identity, which is increasingly solicited and gathered. The intuitive assumption of personal data as components of identity is thwarted by French positive law, within which the Data Protection Act marks its autonomy in comparison to Article 9 of the Civil Code – the latter being the matrix of rights related to personality. The same way, protection of personal data is distinguished from protection of privacy in the European Union’s Charter of Fundamental Rights. This increasing autonomy allows the accelerated conversion of personal data into assets. In a multitude of conventions, they are regarded as isolated elements of which processing is allowed. Yet the split between the person and their data could be avoided: protection of the autonomy of the person can ensure a connexion. The European Court of Human Rights considers data protection as part of the right to privacy, hence asserting the existence of a link between personal data and identity of the individual. Moreover, its case law regarding the protection of personal autonomy may constitute an answer to the objectification of individuals. Correlatively, the French Constitutional Court has already taken data protection as a part of personal freedom, the latter being considered in its case law as the embryo of the right to the development of personality and the protection of identity. By taking identity as the starting point of a study examining a right to data protection, it is possible to reveal the stakes of exponential gathering of personal data and ensuing profiling: the autonomy of the individual. Therefore, the latter can be protected by the concept of human person as subject of fundamental rights

Styles APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, etc.

37

Scollo, Martine. « Le droit au développement personnel au sens de la Convention européenne des droits de l'homme ». Thesis, Montpellier 1, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012MON10054.

Texte intégral

Résumé :

Le droit au développement personnel fut consacré, il y a un peu plus d'une dizaine d'années, par la Cour européenne des droits de l'homme, sur le terrain du droit au respect de la vie privée, dans le prolongement de la reconnaissance d'une protection se déployant dans la sphère sociale de l'existence de l'individu. Il va débuter et poursuivre sa « construction » au gré d'une jurisprudence dynamique et évolutive, traitant de problématiques liées aux transformations et bouleversements qui animent les milieux sociaux dans lesquels la Convention européenne a vocation à s'appliquer. Il se déploie, d'une manière formelle, exclusivement dans la jurisprudence relative au droit au respect de la vie privée, aux côtés de certaines notions avec lesquelles il entretient un rapport de consubstantialité. Ces notions semblent alors fonctionner à la manière d'un bloc, imbriquées dans une formulation sous-tendant un objectif commun qui, au regard des espèces dans lesquelles le juge européen les sollicite, paraît avoir trait au respect, à la préservation, voire au développement de la qualité de vie et du bien-être de l'individu. Mais cette relation n'est pas constante, et varie dans le raisonnement de la Cour européenne, au gré des affaires soumises à son examen. Le droit au développement personnel se décline ainsi comme une notion complexe, revêtant deux facettes distinctes, quoique non nécessairement a priori inconciliables. Il se caractérise en effet par des traductions juridiques concrètes, et se présente par ailleurs comme un concept assumant une fonction plus générale, d'une nature plus abstraite. Du fait notamment de sa généralité, il semble, dans une certaines mesure, trouver une résonance dans la jurisprudence relative à d'autres dispositions du texte conventionnel. Dans cette perspective, il paraît susceptible de contribuer à l'évolution et à la cohérence du système européen de protection des droits de l'homme, tantôt de manière concrète, tantôt de manière moins tangible, mais dans les deux cas, en saisissant particulièrement l'esprit du texte conventionnel
The right to personal development was established, a little more than a decade ago, by the European Court of Human Rights in the area of the right to respect for private life, as an extension of the recognition of a protection of the existence of the individual within the social sphere. It will begin and continue to develop through a dynamic and evolving jurisprudence dealing with issues related to transformations and upheavals that drive social environments in which the European Convention is intended to apply. It is formally unfolding exclusively in the jurisprudence on the right to respect for private life, alongside notions with which it maintains a consubstantial relationship. These notions seem to operate as a unit, nested in a formulation underlying a common goal that, in terms of cases in which the European Court uses them, seems to relate to the respect, preservation and even the development of the quality of life and well-being of the individual. However, this relationship is not constant and varies in the reasoning of the European Court, according to the cases submitted for its consideration. The right to personal development thus appears to be a complex notion, with two distinct facets, though not necessarily a priori irreconcilable. It is indeed characterized by specific legal translations and also seems to be a concept assuming a more general function of a more abstract nature. Due specifically to its general character, it seems, to a certain extent, to resonate in the jurisprudence of other provisions of the text of the Convention. From this perspective, it seems likely to contribute to the development and coherence of the European system for the protection of human rights, sometimes concretely, sometimes less tangibly yet, in both cases, particularly comprehending the spirit of the Convention text

Styles APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, etc.

38

Humphrey, Loretta Sue. « Feral Cats and the People Who Care for Them ». Scholar Commons, 2010. https://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/1663.

Texte intégral

Résumé :

Sociologists have described the characteristics of individuals who become involved in social movements, their motivations for becoming involved, and the methods used to recruit participants. One group that has been underrepresented in the existing literature is feral cat caretakers. The purpose of this study is to examine the traits of this group, information which would be valuable to groups dedicated to educating the public about the plight of feral cats, groups which offer information and resources to caretakers, individuals wishing to network with other feral cat caretakers, and policy makers in need of knowing what options exist to deal with feral cats. A small sample of fifteen participants was interviewed either face-to-face or by email. Questions were open-ended to facilitate individual discussion and expression. The sample was drawn from personal acquaintances, recruitment letters posted in spay/neuter clinics, email blasts to members of feral cat networks, and referrals from participants. Results demonstrated that while the demographics of the participants were similar to others involved in social movements, there were some differences in their recruitment methods and involvement in organized groups. Feral cat caretakers demonstrated a very strong sense of personal efficacy and self motivation.

Styles APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, etc.

39

Amiky, Luciana Gerbovic. « Stalking ». Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo, 2014. https://tede2.pucsp.br/handle/handle/6555.

Texte intégral

Résumé :

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-26T20:23:09Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Luciana Gerbovic Amiky.pdf: 838773 bytes, checksum: 876c534fe040733c463a9617149bae9e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-09-03
This dissertation addresses stalking, an ancient social phenomenon, little known and seldom studied in Brazil. The term, kept in English throughout this work for lack of equivalence in Portuguese, could be translated as "relentless persecution of" someone. The most frequent victims are women, and the action often derives from a relationship ended against the will of the one who will become the stalker. After discussing some concepts in stalking, built especially by jurists, physicians and psychologists, we will present the constitutive elements of the phenomenon, its categories and a brief history, also listing the framework of stalking under the laws of countries like the United States and European nations. The emphasis of this dissertation is on the Civil Law, which is why the criminal aspects of stalking will not be covered, even though they are basal to the prevention of the damage caused by the pursuer. Starting from the only two civil cases judged on stalking so far in the country, we will show how the stalker can be civilly liable based on Brazilian legal grounds, without the need for a specific antistalking civil law. We will then access the damage suffered by victims, which forms the basis for due compensation. Finally, we will discuss the principles of prevention and solidarity, as the damage caused by the practice of stalking is so onerous that effectively compensating the victim becomes an impossibility. Precisely because of the severity and growth of the phenomenon over the past few years is that we believe in the importance of the study of stalking by legal practitioners
A presente dissertação trata do stalking, um fenômeno social antigo, embora pouco conhecido e estudado no Brasil. O termo, mantido na língua inglesa ao longo deste trabalho por falta de correspondência fiel em português, poderia ser traduzido como perseguição implacável a alguém. As vítimas mais frequentes são mulheres, e a ação costuma ser decorrente de um relacionamento interrompido contra a vontade daquele que virá a se tornar o perseguidor. Após expor alguns conceitos de stalking construídos especialmente por juristas, médicos e psicólogos, apresentaremos os elementos constitutivos do fenômeno, suas categorias e um breve histórico, enumerando também o enquadramento do stalking consoante a legislação de países como os Estados Unidos e nações da Europa. A ênfase desta dissertação está no Direito Civil, razão pela qual os aspectos criminais do stalking não serão abordados, ainda que sejam basais para a prevenção dos danos causados pelo perseguidor. Partindo dos dois únicos julgados cíveis acerca do stalking existentes até o momento no país, mostraremos como o perseguidor pode ser civilmente responsabilizado, com base no arcabouço jurídico brasileiro atual, sem necessidade de uma lei cível antistalking específica. A partir da responsabilidade civil, adentraremos os danos sofridos pelas vítimas, os quais servirão de base para a devida indenização. Por fim, abordaremos os princípios da prevenção e da solidariedade, visto que os danos provocados pela prática do stalking são tão gravosos que tornar a vítima indene torna-se uma impossibilidade. Justamente por conta da gravidade e do crescimento do fenômeno ao longo dos últimos anos é que acreditamos na importância do estudo do stalking pelos operadores do Direito

Styles APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, etc.

40

Soberanis, Solís Laura Marina. « La configuración constitucional de la detención preventiva como límite especifico al derecho a la libertad personal. Sus consecuencias e incidencia sobre otros derechos fundamentales ». Doctoral thesis, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/457895.

Texte intégral

Résumé :

Esta Tesis Doctoral analiza la detención preventiva y los derechos fundamentales con los que ésta se relaciona, en ambos casos considerándolos como instituciones jurídicas de origen ius fundamental. Para el desarrollo de la investigación se tuvo en cuenta, ex arts. 10 y 93 CE, la integración –diferenciada—de distintos sistemas de derechos fundamentales: el de la Constitución, el que nace a partir del Convenio Europeo de Derechos Humanos, el derivado de la Carta de los Derechos Fundamentales de la Unión Europea y el Universal de Derechos Humanos; por tal razón, el método de análisis utilizado permitió la construcción del referente constitucional de cada una de las instituciones abordadas a partir de su previsión en: 1) el texto constitucional y su interpretación a cargo del Tribunal Constitucional, 2) el Convenio Europeo de Derechos Humanos interpretado por el Tribunal Europeo de Derechos Humanos, 3) la Carta de los Derechos Fundamentales de la Unión Europea y la interpretación realizada por el Tribunal de Justicia de la Unión Europea y, de manera complementaria, las previsiones del Pacto Internacional de Derechos Civiles y Políticos y su órgano de vigilancia. En consecuencia, esta Tesis Doctoral descansa principalmente en la doctrina jurisprudencial de los órganos jurisdiccionales previamente mencionados, buscando su sistematización y armonización y, de manera complementaria, se apoya en bibliografía especializada. El trabajo se estructura en cuatro capítulos: El primero se aboca al análisis de la configuración constitucional de la detención a partir de la identificación y estudio de los elementos que la perfilan como institución jurídica constitucional (estructura, finalidad, presupuesto habilitante, contenido, titularidad, ejercicio y límites), los cuales permiten comprender su justificación, naturaleza y eventuales consecuencias. En el segundo se identifican y estudian los derechos fundamentales que deberían asegurarse a toda persona detenida, también se identifican los elementos que delinean el perfil de cada uno de los derechos-garantía (marco constitucional, estructura, función, presupuesto habilitante, contenido, titularidad, ejercicio y límites) para determinar sus alcances, finalidad y trascendencia durante el íter de la detención. En el tercero se analizan las restricciones que con motivo o en el marco de la detención preventiva pueden padecer, al margen de la libertad personal, otros derechos tales como los derechos a la integridad física y moral, a la intimidad personal y al secreto de las comunicaciones, a fin de determinar que afectaciones pueden resultar constitucionalmente válidas o no. En el cuarto se estudian las excepciones que puede haber al régimen general de la Detención Preventiva, sea con motivo de una suspensión general de derechos –art. 55.1 CE— o sea con motivo de la suspensión individual de derechos para el caso de investigaciones correspondientes a la actuación de bandas armadas o elementos terroristas –art. 55.2 CE—.
This Doctoral Thesis analyses the preventive detention and those fundamental rights which it is related to, in any case considered as legal institutions on an ius fundamental basis. The research was carried out ex arts. 10 and 93 SC, taking account of the integration of different systems of fundamental rights: the one stablished by the Constitution, the one arising from the European Convention on Human Rights, the one emerging from the Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union and the one identified as Universal System of Human Rights. On account of this, the method of analysis allowed the construction of the constitutional reference of each of the abovementioned legal institutions, considering: 1) The constitutional provisions and its interpretation by the Constitutional Court of Spain, 2) The European Convention on Human Rights as interpreted by the European Court of Human Rights, 3) The Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union and its interpretation by the Court of Justice of the European Union, and to complement the above, the International Civil and Political Rights Covenant provisions and some of its relevant interpretations. Therefore, this Doctoral Thesis mainly relies on jurisprudential doctrine of the Courts previously referred, seeking to systematise and harmonise it and, as a complement, some specialised bibliography was also used. The Thesis is structured in four chapters: Chapter one discusses the constitutional configuration of preventive detention from the identification and study of the elements shaping it as a constitutional legal institution (structure, purpose, enabling conditions, content, entitlement, exercise and limitations), which allow to understand its justification, nature and potential consequences. The second chapter identifies and scrutinises those fundamental rights which should be guaranteed to every arrested person, furthermore the elements outlining the profile of each of the guarantee-rights are identified (constitutional framework, structure, function, enabling conditions, content, entitlement, exercise and limits) determining the concrete scope, purpose and significance of every right during the detention period. The third chapter analyses possible restrictions on the right to physical and mental integrity, the right to private life and the right to privacy of communications, either by reason or in the context of preventive detention, in order to distinguish between affectations suffered during detention which could have constitutional acceptance and the ones going beyond the constitutional limits. The fourth chapter examines possible exceptions to the ordinary regime of preventive detention, either due to the general suspension of rights –art. 55.1 SC— or on the occasion of the individual suspension of rights in case of investigations related to activities of armed bands or terrorist elements –art. 55.2 SC—.

Styles APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, etc.

41

Hurpy, Hélène. « Fonction de l'autonomie personnelle et protection des droits de la personne humaine dans les jurisprudences constitutionnelles et européenne ». Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013AIXM1015.

Texte intégral

Résumé :

Le concept d'autonomie personnelle est apparu récemment dans l'ordre juridique européen, comme la faculté pour la personne humaine de mener sa vie comme elle l'entend. Ce concept trouve son ancrage dans un système juridique en pleine mutation, tiraillé entre deux traditions, l'une anglo-saxonne qui constitue un modèle autonomique de protection des droits de la personne, et l'autre continentale, plus paternaliste. Le rôle des juges constitutionnels européens et des organes de la Convention européenne des droits de l'homme s'est révélé décisif pour faire émerger la notion d'autonomie personnelle au sein de l'ordre juridique, et pour l'ériger progressivement en principe matriciel des droits fondamentaux. La prise en considération de l'autonomie personnelle vise, en effet, à modifier la protection juridique de la personne humaine, qui n'est plus générale et abstraite mais ajustée et concrète, répondant ainsi aux enjeux actuels de la protection des droits de l'homme et de la réalité sociale.Le but de cette étude est d'analyser la fonction de l'autonomie personnelle, vecteur d'intégration sociale de toute personne humaine, et élément participatif au pluralisme interne essentiel à une société démocratique. L'analyse porte sur les avancées permises par la reconnaissance de l'autonomie personnelle dans la protection des droits individuels et dans ceux des minorités. Malgré certaines réticences doctrinales, cette fonction se révèle limitée dans la remise en cause des valeurs sociales qu'elle pouvait induire, mais elle s'avère primordiale au développement de la protection des droits de la personne humaine
The concept of personal autonomy recently appeared in the European justice system as a means by which people can lead their lives as they wish. This concept has its roots in an evolving justice system, torn between two traditions: the Anglo-Saxon model of individual rights; and the paternalist Continental approach. The role of constitutional European judges and the inner-workings of the European Convention on Human Rights has proved decisive for the development of the idea of personal autonomy which lies at the heart of the justice system, and its evaluation within the matrix of fundamental rights. Taking into account personal autonomy aims to effectively alter the judicial protection of the rights of the person which is no longer general and abstract but rather concrete and refined, and also addresses current issues of the protection of human rights and the reality of society.The aim of this study is to analyse the function of personal autonomy and the direction of human social interaction and the participative element of internal pluralism which is essential to a democratic society. The analysis focuses on advances permitted by the recognition of personal autonomy in the protection of individual rights and those of minorities. In spite of some doctrinal reluctance, this function proves limited in light of questions regarding social values which it might raise, but it proves essential to the development of the protection of the rights of the person

Styles APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, etc.

42

Чепур, В. О. « Охорона інтересів фізичної особи, зображеної на фотографіях та в інших художніх творах ». Thesis, Сумський державний університет, 2017. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/66165.

Texte intégral

Résumé :

Охорона інтересів фізичної особи при створенні й використанні фотографій та інших художніх творів з її зображенням стала актуальною в наш час, оскільки стрімко зросла поява цифрової фотографії, яку зараз надзвичайно легко зробити через сучасні фотографічні засоби, які є майже в кожного пересічного громадянина. Цивільний кодекс України у ст.ст. 307, 308 визначає специфіку захисту інтересів фізичної особи при проведенні фото-, кіно-, теле-, відеозйомок та охорону інтересів фізичної особи, зображеної на фотографіях та в інших художніх творах, оскільки процес відповідної зйомки може суттєво порушувати певні особисті немайнові права фізичної особи.

Styles APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, etc.

43

Toyama, Miyagusuku Jorge, et Shigyo Marilú Merzthal. « Reflections on the jurisprudential treatment of managers and trusted personnel ». THĒMIS-Revista de Derecho, 2014. http://repositorio.pucp.edu.pe/index/handle/123456789/107773.

Texte intégral

Résumé :

In labor relations, there are workers who, because of the role they play in the managementof a corporation or the privileged information they handle, receive a special treatment from Labor Law: Direction and reliable workers.Because of their particular situation, many questions may arise regarding the legal treatment and labor benefits that these workers may hold. In the present article, the authors try to answer to these questions, in the light of the jurisprudence of the Peruvian Supreme Court and our country’s Constitutional Court.
En las relaciones laborales, existen trabajadores que, por las características de las funciones que desempeñan o por la información que manejan, reciben un tratamiento especial: Los así llamados trabajadores de dirección y de confianza.Dada su situación particular, pueden surgir muchas interrogantes respecto al tratamiento jurídico y los beneficios laborales con los que contarían este tipo de trabajadores. En el presente artículo, los autores buscan responder a las interrogantes surgidas al respecto, a la luz de la jurisprudencia de la Corte Suprema y del Tribunal Constitucional.

Styles APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, etc.

44

Alliot, Sandie. « Essai de qualification de la notion de données à caractère personnel ». Thesis, Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018UBFCB001.

Texte intégral

Résumé :

Les données à caractère personnel ont subi de grands changements qui justifient une nouvelle étude de cette notion. Ces données particulières sont aujourd’hui au cœur de l’économie numérique et font, pour cette raison, l’objet de nombreuses revendications. Volonté d’appropriation de la part des exploitants, demande de protection de la part des personnes concernées par les données, font partie des enjeux qu’il s’agit de concilier. Une définition et une qualification adéquates des données personnelles apparaissent alors indispensables afin de trouver un équilibre entre les différents intérêts en présence. La thèse démontrera la nécessité d’adopter une nouvelle vision des données personnelles, pour refléter au mieux leurs caractéristiques actuelles et ce afin de les encadrer de manière efficace
Personal data has undergone a major change which justifies a new study of this notion. This particular data is at the heart of the digital economy and thus stirs numerous claims. What is at stake here is to try to work out a balance between different claims such as managing operators' will of appropriation and protecting people concerned by the data, for example. This is why it is essential to find a precise definition and adequate qualifications of personal data to find a balance between the various interests. The thesis will focus on the necessity to adopt a new vision of personal data, to show its current characteristics so as to manage it efficiently

Styles APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, etc.

45

Jaworski, Peter Martin. « Me, Myself & ; Mine : The Scope of Ownership ». Bowling Green State University / OhioLINK, 2012. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=bgsu1334774888.

Texte intégral

Styles APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, etc.

46

Strindberg, Mona. « Protection of Personal Data, a Power Struggle between the EU and the US : What implications might be facing the transfer of personal data from the EU to the US after the CJEU’s Safe Harbour ruling ? » Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Juridiska institutionen, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-294790.

Texte intégral

Résumé :

Since the US National Security Agency’s former contractor Edward Snowden exposed the Agency’s mass surveillance, the EU has been making a series of attempts toward a more safeguarded and stricter path concerning its data privacy protection. On 8 April 2014, the Court of Justice of the European Union (the CJEU) invalidated the EU Data Retention Directive 2006/24/EC on the basis of incompatibility with the Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union (the Charter). After this judgment, the CJEU examined the legality of the Safe Harbour Agreement, which had been the main legal basis for transfers of personal data from the EU to the US under Decision 2000/520/EC. Subsequently, on 6 October 2015, in the case of Schrems v Data Protection Commissioner, the CJEU declared the Safe Harbour Decision invalid. The ground for the Court’s judgment was the fact that the Decision enabled interference, by US public authorities, with the fundamental rights to privacy and personal data protection under Article 7 and 8 of the Charter, when processing the personal data of EU citizens. According to the judgment, this interference has been beyond what is strictly necessary and proportionate to the protection of national security and the persons concerned were not offered any administrative or judicial means of redress enabling the data relating to them to be accessed, rectified or erased. The Court’s analysis of the Safe Harbour was borne out of the EU Commission’s own previous assessments. Consequently, since the transfers of personal data between the EU and the US can no longer be carried out through the Safe Harbour, the EU legislature is left with the task to create a safer option, which will guarantee that the fundamental rights to privacy and protection of personal data of the EU citizens will be respected. However, although the EU is the party dictating the terms for these transatlantic transfers of personal data, the current provisions of the US law are able to provide for derogations from every possible renewed agreement unless they become compatible with the EU data privacy law. Moreover, as much business is at stake and prominent US companies are involved in this battle, the pressure toward the US is not only coming from the EU, but some American companies are also taking the fight for EU citizens’ right to privacy and protection of their personal data.

Styles APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, etc.

47

Mažutytė, Inga. « Pirminės sveikatos priežiūros įstaigų pacientų teisės į valstybės laiduojamą (nemokamą) asmens sveikatos priežiūrą įgyvendinimo įvertinimas ». Master's thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2014. http://vddb.library.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2014~D_20140618_232525-70622.

Texte intégral

Résumé :

Darbo tikslas - įvertinti pirminės sveikatos priežiūros įstaigų pacientų teisės į valstybės laiduojamą (nemokamą) asmens sveikatos priežiūrą įgyvendinimą ir jo skirtumus privataus ir viešojo sektoriaus pirminės sveikatos priežiūros įstaigose. Metodika. 2013 metų liepos – 2014 metų sausio mėnesiais anoniminės anketinės apklausos būdu apklausti 328 Telšių miesto viešų ir privačių pirminės sveikatos priežiūros įstaigų pacientai (atsako dažnis 82 proc.). Statistinė duomenų analizė atlikta naudojantis SPSS statistiniu paketu (20.0 versija). Hipotezės apie požymių priklausomybę buvo tikrinamos naudojant chi kvadrato (χ²) ir z kriterijus bei binarinę logistinę regresiją. Skirtumas laikytas reikšmingu, kai p < 0,05. Rodikliai buvo standartizuoti pagal amžių tiesioginės standartizacijos metodu. Rezultatai. Dauguma apklaustųjų žinojo, jog Lietuvoje nemokamai teikiama būtinoji medicinos pagalba ir šeimos gydytojo konsultacijos ir tai, jog teisę gauti nemokamas sveikatos priežiūros paslaugas turi pensininkai, asmenys iki 18 metų, asmenys, kurie yra apsidraudę PSD, studentai ir bedarbiai, kurie yra užsiregistravę darbo biržoje. Apie pusė apklaustųjų teigė, kad Lietuvoje pacientams yra garantuojama nemokama sveikatos priežiūra ir bendrai daugiau respondentų palankiai vertino Lietuvos sveikatos draudimo sistemą. Gerai ir puikiai vertinantys savo sveikatą respondentai palankiau vertino nemokamos sveikatos priežiūros įgyvendinimą ir Lietuvos sveikatos draudimo sistemą lyginant su blogai ir... [toliau žr. visą tekstą]
The aim of study is to assess the implementation of the patients‘ rights to the state-guaranteed (free) health care provision in primary health care institutions and to evaluate implementation differences in the public and private sectors. Methods. In the period of July, 2013 and January, 2014 328 respondents (patients of public and private primary health care institutions in Telsiai) were asked to complete an anonymous questionnaire (the response rate 82%). Statistical data analysis has been carried out using SPSS statistical package (20.0 version). The hypotheses on the feature dependence have been checked by the chi square (χ²) and z criteria as well as by the binary logistic regression. The difference is considered significant when p < 0,05. The rates have been standardized according to age using the direct standardization method. Results. Most of the respondents were aware of the fact that Lithuania provides free medical aid and family doctor's consultations and the fact that there is a right to free health care services to the retired, persons under the age of 18, CHI insured persons, students and the unemployed, who are registered at the labour exchange. About half of the respondents said that Lithuania's patients are guaranteed free health care and, generally, more respondents were in favor of the Lithuanian health insurance system. The respondents who claimed to be in a good or excellent health condition evaluate the implementation of the free health care and the... [to full text]

Styles APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, etc.

48

Rose, Joanna. « A critical analysis of sperm donation practices : the personal and social effects of disrupting the unity of biological and social relatedness for the offspring ». Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2009. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/32012/1/Joanna_Rose_Thesis.pdf.

Texte intégral

Résumé :

This thesis critically analyses sperm donation practices from a child-centred perspective. It examines the effects, both personal and social, of disrupting the unity of biological and social relatedness in families affected by donor conception. It examines how disruption is facilitated by a process of mediation which is detailed using a model provided by Sunderland (2002). This model identifies mediating movements - alienation, translation, re-contextualisation and absorption - which help to explain the powerful and dominating material, and social and political processes which occur in biotechnology, or in reproductive technology in this case. The understanding of such movements and mediation of meanings is inspired by the complementary work of Silverstone (1999) and Sunderland. This model allows for a more critical appreciation of the movement of meaning from previously inalienable aspects of life to alienable products through biotechnology (Sunderland, 2002). Once this mediation in donor conception is subjected to critical examination here, it is then approached from different angles of investigation. The thesis posits that two conflicting notions of the self are being applied to fertility-frustrated adults and the offspring of reproductive interventions. Adults using reproductive interventions receive support to maximise their genetic continuity, but in so doing they create and dismiss the corresponding genetic discontinuity produced for the offspring. The offspring’s kinship and identity are then framed through an experimental postmodernist notion, presenting them as social rather than innate constructs. The adults using the reproductive intervention, on the other hand, have their identity and kinship continuity framed and supported as normative, innate, and based on genetic connection. This use of shifting frameworks is presented as unjust and harmful, creating double standards and a corrosion of kinship values, connection and intelligibility between generations; indeed, it is put forward as adult-centric. The analysis of other forms of human kinship dislocation provided by this thesis explores an under-utilised resource which is used to counter the commonly held opinion that any disruption of social and genetic relatedness for donor offspring is insignificant. The experiences of adoption and the stolen generations are used to inform understanding of the personal and social effects of such kinship disruption and potential reunion for donor offspring. These examples, along with laws governing international human rights, further strengthen the appeal here for normative principles and protections based on collective knowledge and standards to be applied to children of reproductive technology. The thesis presents the argument that the framing and regulation of reproductive technology is excessively influenced by industry providers and users. The interests of these parties collide with and corrode any accurate assessments and protections afforded to the children of reproductive technology. The thesis seeks to counter such encroachments and concludes by presenting these protections, frameworks, and human experiences as resources which can help to address the problems created for the offspring of such reproductive interventions, thereby illustrating why these reproductive interventions should be discontinued.

Styles APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, etc.

49

Chevreau, Laura. « Droits fondamentaux et recherches scientifiques portant sur la personne humaine ». Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université Paris Cité, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023UNIP7143.

Texte intégral

Résumé :

Afin de protéger la personne humaine qui est impliquée dans une recherche scientifique, un cadre juridique doit permettre d'établir le champ d'application de la recherche sur la personne et déterminer dans quelles circonstances il est possible de porter atteinte à son intégrité. Ce cadre s'est élaboré par l'intermédiaire de nombreuses réglementations au niveau international, européen et national, pénétrant progressivement au sein du « laboratoire » du chercheur. Il est la résultante d'une évolution de la pratique expérimentale et de scandales historiques ayant rendu indispensable l'encadrement de la recherche scientifique portant sur la personne humaine. C'est pourquoi il est intrinsèquement lié aux droits fondamentaux de la personne humaine. L'analyse de sa construction permet de mettre en évidence une articulation spécifique entre les droits fondamentaux. La réglementation relative à la recherche scientifique portant sur la personne humaine s'est en effet construite autour de l'impérieuse nécessité de protéger la dignité de la personne humaine. Cela se manifeste à travers une hiérarchie matérielle entre les droits fondamentaux, laquelle est dominée par la dignité de la personne humaine et consolidée par un ensemble de droits subjectifs de la personne (droit à l'information, au consentement et à la protection des données à caractère personnel), qui vient contraindre la liberté de la recherche scientifique. Néanmoins, les progrès techniques et scientifiques de la fin des années 1990, ainsi que la mondialisation progressive de l'activité de recherche, ont progressivement affecté cette hiérarchie matérielle. En effet, l'évolution de la réglementation relative aux recherches scientifiques portant sur la personne humaine traduit l'ambition du législateur de renforcer l'attractivité et la compétitivité de la recherche, préjudiciable à l'effectivité pleine et entière des droits fondamentaux du participant. La recherche scientifique étant mise en oeuvre dans un intérêt collectif divergent de l'intérêt personnel du participant, il en résulte un conflit qui a mené jusqu'alors à l'affaiblissement de l'effectivité des droits des personnes dans les recherches. Bien que la personne est toujours protégée contre le risque de son instrumentalisation à des fins scientifiques, il convient de continuer à se prémunir contre ce risque et de s'interroger sur l'opportunité de rechercher un nouvel équilibre pour renforcer la hiérarchie matérielle entre les droits fondamentaux, tout en ne créant pas des conditions démesurément défavorables à la recherche scientifique
In order to protect human beings involved in scientific research, a legal framework is required to establish the scope of research on human beings and to determine the circumstances in which their integrity may be violated. This framework has been developed through numerous regulations at international, European and national level, gradually penetrating the researcher's "laboratory". It is the result of developments in experimental practice and historical scandals that have made it essential to provide a framework for scientific research involving human beings. This is why it is intrinsically linked to fundamental human rights. An analysis of its construction reveals a specific link between fundamental rights. The regulations governing scientific research involving the human person are built around the overriding need to protect human dignity. This is reflected in the hierarchy of fundamental rights, which is dominated by human dignity and consolidated by a set of subjective rights (right to information, consent and protection of personal data), which restrict the freedom of scientific research. However, the technical and scientific advances of the late 1990s, as well as the gradual globalisation of research activity, have gradually affected this material hierarchy. Changes in the regulations governing scientific research involving the human person reflect the legislator's ambition to make research more attractive and competitive, which is detrimental to the full and complete effectiveness of the participant's fundamental rights. Since scientific research is carried out in a collective interest that differs from the participant's personal interest, the result is a conflict that has hitherto led to a weakening of the effectiveness of the rights of individuals involved in research. Although the individual is always protected against the risk of his or her being used for scientific purposes, it is important to continue to guard against this risk and to consider whether a new balance should be sought to strengthen the substantive hierarchy between fundamental rights, while not creating conditions that are disproportionately unfavourable to scientific research

Styles APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, etc.

50

Assy, Rabeea. « The right to litigate in person ». Thesis, University of Oxford, 2011. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:718698cd-9177-49fb-8fbb-336d809aa0ad.

Texte intégral

Résumé :

Litigation in person is a widespread phenomenon in common law jurisdictions. A right to litigate in person is treated as a fundamental right, regardless of whether the litigant has the financial means to hire a lawyer or the capacity to conduct litigation effectively. Due to the high numbers of litigants in person and the various burdens placed on judicial resources by their lack of legal knowledge, they pose a serious challenge to the effective and efficient administration of justice. This thesis assesses the theoretical value of a right to self-representation, and challenges the position that courts should not impose legal representation on a litigant nor require him to obtain such representation as a condition for litigation. It argues that a litigant who lacks the professional knowledge and skills to present his case effectively cannot legitimately insist upon representing himself if in doing so he is likely to inflict disproportionate costs on his opponent and on the administration of justice. This thesis advances the case for mandatory representation in civil proceedings on three main fronts: a comparison with the criminal context, an assessment of the value of self-representation in terms of outcome, and an examination of its possible intrinsic justifications.

Styles APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, etc.

Thèses sur le sujet « Personal rights »

Créez une référence correcte selon les styles APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard et plusieurs autres