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Littérature scientifique sur le sujet « Pics spectraux »

Auteur : Grafiati
Publié le 6 juin 2023

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Articles de revues sur le sujet "Pics spectraux"

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LAURA, C., et X. RODET. « APPARIEMENT DES PICS SPECTRAUX ET RÈGLES POUR LA SYNTHÈSE DE LA PAROLE PAR CONCATÉNATION DE DIPHONES ». Le Journal de Physique Colloques 51, no C2 (février 1990) : C2–531—C2–536. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/jphyscol:19902125.

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Braun, Victoire, Sorilla Prey, Carlotta Gurioli, Franck Boralevi, Alain Taieb, Nicolas Grenier, Maya Loot, Marie-Laure Jullie et Christine Léauté-Labrèze. « Congenital haemangiomas : a single-centre retrospective review ». BMJ Paediatrics Open 4, no 1 (décembre 2020) : e000816. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjpo-2020-000816.

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ObjectiveCongenital haemangiomas (CHs) are rare, benign vascular tumours that are fully developed at birth. Three subtypes of CHs have been described based on clinical behaviour: rapidly involuting CHs (RICHs), non-involuting CHs (NICHs) and partially involuting CHs (PICHs). We explore in our study clinical, evolutionary and paraclinical characteristics of the three CH subtypes.DesignChildren with CH attending our department of paediatric dermatology at Bordeaux University Hospital over a 13-year period were retrospectively included. Epidemiological, clinical and evolutionary data, photographs and imaging results were reviewed. All available tissue samples were histologically examined.ResultsWe included 57 patients: 22 with RICH, 22 with NICH and 13 with PICH. Males predominated (ratio 1.7); the most common CH location was on the limbs. RICH, NICH and PICH exhibited overlapping characteristics; all were single telangiectatic lesions with pale peripheral halos. At birth, NICHs were flat but RICHs and PICHs bulky. The median age at complete RICH involution was 12 months. One-third of CHs that appeared RICH-like at birth underwent incomplete involution to become PICHs. Heart failure and thrombocytopenia were rare complications. PICHs were frequently ulcerated. Pain was common for NICH and PICH. The imaging and histological data of the three CH subtypes were rather similar.ConclusionsWe describe the characteristics and evolution of the three CH subtypes using a case series. Certain overlapping features were apparent, reinforcing the hypothesis that RICH, NICH and PICH lie on the same pathological spectrum.
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Morano, Giacomo Salvatore, Caterina Mercanti, Vincenzo Federico, Angela Matturro, Alessandra Micozzi, Roberto Latagliata, Massimo Breccia et al. « Clinical Usefulness and Safety of Peripherally-Inserted Central Catethers (PICC) in Hematological Patients. » Blood 114, no 22 (20 novembre 2009) : 4545. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v114.22.4545.4545.

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Abstract Abstract 4545 The use of Peripherally-Inserted Central Catheters (PICC) as an alternative to Central Venous Catethers (CVC) is becoming very frequent in different setting of patients. To highlight the role of PICC also in patients with haematological malignancies, we revised our single Institute experience from 11/2008 to 7/2009. On the whole, 33 PICCs (BARD Groshong 4 Fr) were inserted in 32 patients [M/F 11/21, median age 59.9 years, Interquartile Range (IR) 47.1 – 74.7] for a total number of 1979 days. Twelve patients had Acute Myelogenous Leukemia (AML), 3 Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL), 6 Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma (NHL), 5 Hodgkin Lymphoma (HD), 6 Myelodysplastic/Myeloproliferative Disorders (MDS/MPD); as to disease phase, 6 patients were at onset, 10 in complete response (3 before consolidation therapy and 7 before autologous peripheral stem-cell transplantation), 5 at disease relapse, 7 in chronic phase with transfusional requirement and 4 in advanced phase. PICC was successfully inserted in all cases with US-guide (in 21 cases via basilica vein, in 11 via brachial vein and in 1 via cephalic vein). At insertion, platelets count was < 50 × 109/l in 17/33 cases (51.5%) while WBC count was < 1.0 × 109/l in 6/33 cases (18.1%). An accidental PICC extraction occurred after 13 days; in addition, there were 2/33 (6.0%) (0,03/1000 gg) thrombophlebitic complications after 15 and 21 days respectively and 6/33 (18.1%)(0.10/1000 gg) infective complications [4 sepsis catheter-related from Staphylococci (3) or Acromobacter (1) and 2 local flogistic infiltration]. On the whole, 17/33 PICCs (51.5%) were removed after a median period of 39 days (IR 17 – 64); the reasons for removal were completion of treatment in 4 patients, death unrelated to the PICC in 6 and catheter-related complications in 7 (5 for infection, 1 for thrombosis and 1 for accidental extraction). The remaining 16/33 PICCs (48.5%) are still in use after a median period of 73 days (IR 30 – 93). In conclusion, PICC seems to be a useful, safe and promising alternative to conventional CVC for many haematological malignancies in a wide spectrum of clinical settings, ranging from intensive chemotherapy (including autotransplant procedure) to chronic management and very advanced phases requiring palliative approach. Disclosures: No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.
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Viallefont-Robinet, Bacour, Bouvet, Kheireddine, Ouhssain, Idoughi, Grignon, Munesa, Lemaître et Rivière. « Contribution to Sandy Site Characterization : Spectro-Directional Signature, Grain Size Distribution and Mineralogy Extracted from Sand Samples ». Remote Sensing 11, no 20 (21 octobre 2019) : 2446. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs11202446.

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The characterization of sands detailed in this paper has been performed in order to support the in-flight radiometric performance assessment of space-borne optical sensors over the so-called Pseudo-Invariant Calibration Sites (PICS). Although the physical properties of PICS surface are fairly stable in time, the signal measured from space varies with the illumination and the viewing geometries. Thus, there is a need to characterize the spectro-directional properties of PICS. This could be done on a broad scale, thanks to multi-spectral multi-directional space-borne sensors such as the POLDER instrument (with old data). However, interpolating or extrapolating the spectro-directional reflectance measured from space to spectral bands of another sensor is not straightforward. The hyperspectral characterization of sand samples collected within or nearby PICS could contribute to a solution. In this context, a set of 31 sand samples was compiled. The BiConical Reflectance Factor (BCRF), linked to Bidirectional Reflectance Distribution Function (BRDF), was measured between 0.4 and 2.5 µm, over a half hemisphere when the amount of sand in the sample was large enough and for only a single fixed angular configuration for small samples. These optical measurements were complemented by grain size distribution measurements and mineralogical analysis and compiled together with previously published measurements in the so-called PICSAND database, freely available online.
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Takemura, T., A. Takada, T. Kishimoto, S. Komura, H. Kubo, Y. Matsuoka, K. Miuchi et al. « Development of the micro pixel chamber based on MEMS technology ». EPJ Web of Conferences 174 (2018) : 02010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/epjconf/201817402010.

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Micro pixel chambers (μ-PIC) are gaseous two-dimensional imaging detectors originally manufactured using printed circuit board (PCB) technology. They are used in MeV gamma-ray astronomy, medicalimaging, neutron imaging, the search for dark matter, and dose monitoring. The position resolution of the present μ-PIC is approximately 120 μm (RMS), however some applications require a fine position resolution of less than 100 μm. To this end, we have started to develop a μ-PIC based on micro electro mechanical system (MEMS) technology, which provides better manufacturing accuracy than PCB technology. Our simulation predicted the gains of MEMS μ-PICs to be twice those of PCB μ-PICs at the same anode voltage. We manufactured two MEMS μ-PICs and tested them to study their behavior. In these experiments, we successfully operated the fabricatedMEMS μ-PICs and we achieved a maximum gain of approximately 7×103 and collected their energy spectra under irradiation of X-rays from 55Fe. However, the measured gains of the MEMS μ-PICs were less than half of the values predicted in the simulations. We postulated that the gains of the MEMS μ-PICs are diminished by the effect of the silicon used as a semiconducting substrate.
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Du, Lin, Shuo Shi, Wei Gong, Jian Yang, Jia Sun et Feiyue Mao. « WAVELENGTH SELECTION OF HYPERSPECTRAL LIDAR BASED ON FEATURE WEIGHTING FOR ESTIMATION OF LEAF NITROGEN CONTENT IN RICE ». ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLI-B1 (2 juin 2016) : 9–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-xli-b1-9-2016.

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Hyperspectral LiDAR (HSL) is a novel tool in the field of active remote sensing, which has been widely used in many domains because of its advantageous ability of spectrum-gained. Especially in the precise monitoring of nitrogen in green plants, the HSL plays a dispensable role. The exiting HSL system used for nitrogen status monitoring has a multi-channel detector, which can improve the spectral resolution and receiving range, but maybe result in data redundancy, difficulty in system integration and high cost as well. Thus, it is necessary and urgent to pick out the nitrogen-sensitive feature wavelengths among the spectral range. The present study, aiming at solving this problem, assigns a feature weighting to each centre wavelength of HSL system by using matrix coefficient analysis and divergence threshold. The feature weighting is a criterion to amend the centre wavelength of the detector to accommodate different purpose, especially the estimation of leaf nitrogen content (LNC) in rice. By this way, the wavelengths high-correlated to the LNC can be ranked in a descending order, which are used to estimate rice LNC sequentially. In this paper, a HSL system which works based on a wide spectrum emission and a 32-channel detector is conducted to collect the reflectance spectra of rice leaf. These spectra collected by HSL cover a range of 538 nm – 910 nm with a resolution of 12 nm. These 32 wavelengths are strong absorbed by chlorophyll in green plant among this range. The relationship between the rice LNC and reflectance-based spectra is modeled using partial least squares (PLS) and support vector machines (SVMs) based on calibration and validation datasets respectively. The results indicate that I) wavelength selection method of HSL based on feature weighting is effective to choose the nitrogen-sensitive wavelengths, which can also be co-adapted with the hardware of HSL system friendly. II) The chosen wavelength has a high correlation with rice LNC which can be retrieved by using PLS and SVMs regression methods.
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Du, Lin, Shuo Shi, Wei Gong, Jian Yang, Jia Sun et Feiyue Mao. « WAVELENGTH SELECTION OF HYPERSPECTRAL LIDAR BASED ON FEATURE WEIGHTING FOR ESTIMATION OF LEAF NITROGEN CONTENT IN RICE ». ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLI-B1 (2 juin 2016) : 9–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprsarchives-xli-b1-9-2016.

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Hyperspectral LiDAR (HSL) is a novel tool in the field of active remote sensing, which has been widely used in many domains because of its advantageous ability of spectrum-gained. Especially in the precise monitoring of nitrogen in green plants, the HSL plays a dispensable role. The exiting HSL system used for nitrogen status monitoring has a multi-channel detector, which can improve the spectral resolution and receiving range, but maybe result in data redundancy, difficulty in system integration and high cost as well. Thus, it is necessary and urgent to pick out the nitrogen-sensitive feature wavelengths among the spectral range. The present study, aiming at solving this problem, assigns a feature weighting to each centre wavelength of HSL system by using matrix coefficient analysis and divergence threshold. The feature weighting is a criterion to amend the centre wavelength of the detector to accommodate different purpose, especially the estimation of leaf nitrogen content (LNC) in rice. By this way, the wavelengths high-correlated to the LNC can be ranked in a descending order, which are used to estimate rice LNC sequentially. In this paper, a HSL system which works based on a wide spectrum emission and a 32-channel detector is conducted to collect the reflectance spectra of rice leaf. These spectra collected by HSL cover a range of 538 nm – 910 nm with a resolution of 12 nm. These 32 wavelengths are strong absorbed by chlorophyll in green plant among this range. The relationship between the rice LNC and reflectance-based spectra is modeled using partial least squares (PLS) and support vector machines (SVMs) based on calibration and validation datasets respectively. The results indicate that I) wavelength selection method of HSL based on feature weighting is effective to choose the nitrogen-sensitive wavelengths, which can also be co-adapted with the hardware of HSL system friendly. II) The chosen wavelength has a high correlation with rice LNC which can be retrieved by using PLS and SVMs regression methods.
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Costara, Constantin. « On the spectral Nevanlinna–Pick problem ». Studia Mathematica 170, no 1 (2005) : 23–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.4064/sm170-1-2.

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Georgiou, Tryphon T., et Pramod P. Khargonekar. « Spectral Factorization and Nevanlinna–Pick Interpolation ». SIAM Journal on Control and Optimization 25, no 3 (mai 1987) : 754–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1137/0325043.

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Bercovici, Hari, Ciprian Foias et Allen Tannenbaum. « On spectral tangential Nevanlinna-Pick interpolation ». Journal of Mathematical Analysis and Applications 155, no 1 (février 1991) : 156–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0022-247x(91)90033-v.

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Thèses sur le sujet "Pics spectraux"

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Hawwari, Yasmine. « Developement of some signal processing tools for vibro-acoustic based diagnosis of aeronautic machines ». Electronic Thesis or Diss., Lyon, INSA, 2022. https://theses.insa-lyon.fr/publication/2022ISAL0131/these.pdf.

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Le prétraitement des signaux de vibration dans des conditions difficiles comme celles de l'aéronautique semble être compliqué. Les conditions de fonctionnement sont nonstationnaires et le moteur présente au moins deux familles harmoniques non-linéaires liées à l'arbre à basse et haute pression. De plus, les contraintes de conception imposent un nombre réduit d'accéléromètres (généralement deux) qui est insuffisant pour détecter tous les phénomènes liés à l'arbre. Les signaux acoustiques ne sont pas soumis à cette dernière contrainte. Cependant, ils sont très bruyants par rapport aux signaux de vibration et peuvent ne pas détecter les problèmes de faible énergie. De plus, ils dépendent fortement de la position du microphone et de sa directivité. Ainsi, l'objectif de la thèse est de proposer/essayer des méthodes robustes pour principalement (i) l'interférence entre différents phénomènes linéaires et non linéaires, (ii) les conditions de fonctionnement non stationnaires et (iii) les phénomènes de bruit à large bande (lorsqu'ils ne sont pas d'intérêt). Ces difficultés scientifiques sont considérées à travers (1) une détection aveugle des pics spectraux, (2) l'estimation de la vitesse instantanée et (3) l'estimation de la composante déterministe/tonale
Pre-processing vibration signals in harsh conditions such as the aeronautic conditions seems a complicated task. The operating conditions are nonstationary and the motor exhibits at least two harmonic non-linear families related to low and high pressure shaft. Furthermore, the design constraints impose a reduced number of accelerometers (generally two) which is unfortunately insufficient to detect all the shaft related phenomena. The acoustic signals are not subjected to the latter constraint. However, they are very noisy in comparison to vibration signals and may not detect low energy problems and very low frequency phenomena. Besides, the obtained signals depend strongly on the microphone position and its directivity in addition to the problem of clipping with medium to high acoustic pressure values. Thus, the PhD objective is to propose methods robust to mainly (i) the interference between different linear and non-linearly related phenomena, (ii) the nonstationary operating conditions and (iii) the broadband noise phenomena. These scientific difficulties are considered through (1) a blind detection of spectral peaks, (2) the estimation of the instantaneous speed and (3) the estimation of the deterministic/tonal component
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Rivard, Patrice. « Un lemme de Schwartz-Pick à points multiples ». Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/19410.

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Beaulieu, Marie-Ailan. « Problèmes de Schwarz-Pick sur le bidisque symétrisé ». Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/26203.

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Tableau d’honneur de la Faculté des études supérieures et postdoctorales, 2015-2016
Les systèmes de Schwarz-Pick sont de puissants outils qui permettent d'enrichir l'étude de la géométrie des domaines de l'espace à plusieurs variables complexes. Plus particulièrement, les pseudodistances de Carathéodory et de Kobayashi forment respectivement le plus grand et le plus petit système. L'objet de cet ouvrage consiste à regrouper et synthétiser les recherches autour du calcul de ces pseudodistances sur le bidisque symétrisé. Il s'agit d'un domaine de l'espace à deux variables complexes qui possède une géométrie riche et qui joue un rôle clé dans la résolution du problème de Nevanlinna-Pick spectral. Sur le bidisque symétrisé, il est possible de calculer explicitement la pseudodistance de Carathéodory par le biais de la théorie des opérateurs. Le calcul de la pseudodistance de Kobayashi, se fera elle à travers un problème d'interpolation du disque unité avec des valeurs cibles dans le bidisque symétrisé, résolu à l'aide du théorème de Nevanlinna-Pick classique.
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Karlsson, Johan. « Inverse Problems in Analytic Interpolation for Robust Control and Spectral Estimation ». Doctoral thesis, Stockholm : Matematik, Mathematics, Kungliga Tekniska högskolan, 2008. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-9248.

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Wang, Beibei. « Improved Statistical Interference Suppression Techniques in Single and Multi-rate Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum Code Division Multiple Access Systems ». Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2007. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1173119961.

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Pekon, Yakup. « Analysis Of Chandra Data Of The Old Classical Nova Rr Pic (1925) ». Master's thesis, METU, 2007. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12608716/index.pdf.

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In this work, the CHANDRA ACIS-S3 data of the old classical nova RR Pic (1925) is presented. The source is detected with a count rate of 0.067 (+-0.002) c/s in the 0.3-5.0 keV energy range. The orbital period of the binary system in X-ray wavelengths is detected. X-ray spectrum of RR Pic can be represented by a composite model of bremsstrahlung with a photoelectric absorption, two absorption lines centered around 1.1-1.4 keV and 5 Gaussian emission lines centered at around 0.3-1.1 keV . The best t bremsstrahlung temperature derived from the model ranges from 0.99 to 1.60 keV and the unabsorbed X-ray flux is found to be 2.51 (+0.39 -1.21) erg/cm2/s in the 0.3-5.0 keV range.The absorption lines correspond to several transitions of Fe, Ne and Na. The emission lines correspond to various transitions of S, N, O, C, Ne and Fe
and observations with better spectral resolution are needed to determine the exact transitions. The source spectrum is better explained with photoionized plasma model rather than the cooling flow model. It has also been found that the neutral Hydrogen column density differs for orbital minimum and orbital maximum spectra with values 0.25 (+0.23 -0:18)*10^22 atoms/cm2 and 0.64 (+0.13 -0.14)*10^22 atoms/cm2 respectively at 3 sigma confidence level. The difference of neutral Hydrogen column density between the maximum and minimum phase spectra indicates existence of a warm absorbing region on the disc at the location of the impact zone.
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Blaclard, Guillaume. « Ultra-High Intense Laser on Dense Plasmas : from Periodic to Chaotic Dynamics ». Thesis, université Paris-Saclay, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020UPASS133.

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L'émergence des lasers ultra-brefs et ultra-intenses a permis le développement d'une nouvelle branche de la physique encore largement inexplorée : la physique UHI (pour Ultra-High Intensity). Lors de la réflexion d'un tel laser sur une cible solide, l'intensité au foyer I₀ peut atteindre des valeurs aussi importantes que 10¹⁸⁻²⁰ W.cm⁻², suffisamment pour ioniser complétement la matière. Le plasma ainsi formé se détend sur une longueur caractéristique Lg, nommée longueur de gradient. Quand Lg <<λ₀ (longueur d'onde du laser), le plasma dense se comporte comme un miroir de qualité optique capable de réfléchir spéculairement la lumière incidente : c'est un miroir plasma. Ce système physique remarquable peut être utilisé dans de multiples applications principalement comme source compacte de faisceaux de particules à hautes charges et hautes énergies ou de lumière intense, principalement ultraviolet ou X, grâce à un phénomène de génération d'harmoniques d'ordres élevés. Le bon contrôle de ces sources nécessite de clairement identifier les différents mécanismes de couplage entre lumière et matière en jeu lors de l'interaction. Dans ce manuscrit, cela est rendu possible grâce à de précises simulations de type Particle-In-Cell (PIC) réalisées avec le code WARP+PXR. Ce nouveau code emploie un solveur pseudo-spectral pour résoudre les équations de Maxwell. Celui-ci améliore grandement la précision des simulations et notamment des émissions harmoniques et électroniques, que les solveurs plus standards ne parviennent à décrire, même à hautes résolutions. Grâce à des simulations WARP+PXR, nous avons étudié l'influence de Lg sur les observables expérimentales que sont les émissions de lumière et de particules, quand un laser de puissance (I₀ = 10¹⁹ W.cm⁻²) se réfléchit sur un plasma dense. Notre étude révèle une claire transition entre un mécanisme périodique en temps et un processus chaotique quand l'interface devient plus lisse. Nous nous sommes principalement concentrés sur le deuxième mécanisme, appelé chauffage stochastique pour lequel des études en profondeur vont être menées en fonction de différents paramètres d'interaction. Dans ce régime, les électrons de la partie sous-dense du plasma subissent une dynamique chaotique dans l'onde stationnaire formée par la superposition des ondes incidente et réfléchie, ce qui leur permet d'absorber une importante part de l'énergie laser. La nature fondamentale de la dynamique en jeu est révélée grâce aux équations du mouvement au sein des deux ondes que l'on peut réduire en équations de pendules forcés (comme celui de Kapitza), systèmes bien connus comme chaotiques. Cette correspondance apporte une intuition physique profonde sur le comportement des électrons pour différentes configurations laser. Ceci nous permet in fine de prédire les principaux aspects du chauffage stochastique
The advent of high power femtosecond lasers has paved the way to a promising and still largely unexplored branch of physics called Ultra-High Intensity physics (UHI). Once such a laser is focused on a solid target, the laser intensity I₀ can reach values as large as 10¹⁸⁻²⁰ W.cm⁻², for which matter is fully ionized. The plasma thus formed expands towards vacuum on a spatial scale characterized by a quantity Lg called the density gradient scale length. When Lg << λ₀ (laser wavelength), the dense plasma therefore acts as an optical mirror that specularly reflects the incident light: it is a plasma mirror. This remarkable physical system can be used in many scientific applications as compact source of high-energy and high-charge particle beams (electrons, ions) or bright source of radiations ranging from extreme ultraviolet-rays to X-rays through high harmonic generation processes. In order to finely control these sources, it is required to properly identify the different coupling mechanisms between light and matter at play during the interaction. In this manuscript, this has been made possible by performing accurate Particle-In-Cell (PIC) simulations with the WARP+PXR code. This recently developed code advances Maxwell’s equations in Fourier space, which proves to correctly model harmonic/electron emissions that standard codes fail to accurate describe even at high resolution. Based on WARP+PXR PIC simulations, we investigate the influence of Lg on the experimentally observed emission of light and particles, when a high-power laser pulse (I₀ = 10¹⁹ W.cm⁻²) reflects off a dense plasma. Our study reveals an unambiguous transition from a temporally periodic mechanism to a chaotic process as the interface becomes smoother. In particular, the latter mechanism, named stochastic heating, is fully characterized as well as its domain of validity in terms of laser-plasma parameters. In this regime, electrons in the underdense part of the gradient are exposed to the standing wave formed in front of the overcritical part of the plasma by superposition of incidence and reflected beams. While evolving in the two waves, electrons behave chaotically and absorb an important fraction of the laser energy. The nature of the interaction is revealed by reducing the equations of motion of particles in two waves to physical systems, such Kapitza’s pendulum, well-known to exhibit chaos. That correspondence gives deep physical intuitions on how electrons behave in different laser configurations, which allows us to predict major features of stochastic heating
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Blomqvist, Anders. « A convex optimization approach to complexity constrained analytic interpolation with applications to ARMA estimation and robust control ». Doctoral thesis, Stockholm, 2005. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-117.

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Feister, Scott. « Efficient Acceleration of Electrons by an Intense Laser and its Reflection ». The Ohio State University, 2016. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1461225902.

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Sauget, Marlène. « Identification de marqueurs épidémiologiques par spectrométrie de masse de type MALDI-TOF : application aux principales espèces bactériennes responsables d'infections nosocomiales ». Thesis, Besançon, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016BESA3006/document.

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Le typage bactérien est une mesure de contrôle essentielle pour lutter contre la diffusion des bactéries multirésistantes, mais les techniques actuelles sont longues et coûteuses. L'objectif de cette thèse était d'évaluer la capacité de la technique MALDI-TOF MS à typer les 3 principales espèces bactériennes responsables d'infections nosocomiales - Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus et Pseudomonas aeruginosa. L'analyse par MALDI-TOF MS permet d'identifier les souches de E. coli appartenant au phylogroupe B2, souches les plus virulentes parmi les souches extra-intestinales, et au STI 31, clone très impliqué dans la dissémination des P-lactamases à spectre étendu. Chez S. aureus, cette technique reconnait les souches appartenant au CC398, impliquées dans une proportion importante d'infections graves chez des personnes fragiles. La technique MALDI-TOF MS identifie également cinq clones de P. aeruginosa à haut risque épidémique - STI 11, STI 75, ST235, ST253, ST395. Si nous avons confirmé des pics caractéristiques du phylogroupe B2 décrit également par d'autres auteurs, les pics biomarqueurs identifiant E. coli ST131 ou des clones épidémiques de S. aureus varient suivant les études. Différents paramètres peuvent influencer les résultats de typage par MALDI-TOF MS et doivent donc être standardisés. La technique MALDI-TOF MS permet d'identifier certains clones épidémiques. En gardant à l'esprit que le choix d'une méthode de typage doit être fait en fonction des objectifs mais aussi des performances des différents systèmes disponibles, la technique MALDI-TOF MS pourrait se positionner comme un outil de typage de première ligne
Bacterial typing is crucial to tackle the spread of bacterial pathogens but current methods are time-consuming and costly. The objective of this study was to evaluate the ability of MALDI-TOF MS to type the 3 main bacterial species re.sponsible for nosocomial infections - Escherichia coti, Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Analysis of MALDI-TOF mass spectra allow the identification (i) of E. coti isolates belonging to phylogroup B2, that fosters the most virulent extra-intestinal strains, and (ii) of E. coli STl 31, a clone involved in the dissemination of extended-spectrum β-lactamases. MALDI-TOF MS also recognizes S. aureus isolates belonging to CC398, a pathogen responsible for invasive infections in fragile patients and associated with a higher 30-day mortality. Furthermore the MALDI-TOF MS based typing method identifies the major high risk epidemic clones of P. aeruginosa STl 11, STl 75, ST235, ST253, and ST395. We confirmed phylogroup B2 specific peaks also described by other authors. However the identification of E. coli STl 31 or epidemic clones of S. aureus is based on biomarkers that differs between studies. Different parameters can influence the MALDI-TOF MS typing results and must therefore be standardized. MALDI-TOF-based typing methods allow the detection of epidemic pathogens. Keeping in mind that the choice of a method for routine bacterial typing should be made according to the objectives but also the performance of the different systems available, the MALDI-TOF MS technique could become a first-line typing method
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Livres sur le sujet "Pics spectraux"

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Stephenson, Neal. Snow Crash (Bantam Spectra Book). New York, USA : Spectra, 2000.

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Inglis, Jonathan. Zx Spectrum Pict/anim MM. Collins, 1985.

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Sedel, Frédéric. Niemann-Pick Disease Type C. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199972135.003.0053.

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Niemann-Pick disease type C (NPC) is a fatal neurovisceral lipid storage disease of autosomal inheritance resulting from mutations in either the NPC1 (95% of families) or NPC2 gene. The encoded proteins appear to be involved in lysosomal/late endosomal transport of cholesterol, glycolipids, and other molecules, but their exact function is still unknown. The clinical spectrum of the disease ranges from a neonatal rapidly fatal disorder to an adult-onset chronic neurodegenerative disease characterized prominently by psychiatric disorders, cerebellar ataxia, cognitive decline, and vertical supranuclear gaze palsy. Miglustat is the only treatment approved to date which has been demonstrated to slow or halt disease progression.
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Stephenson, Neal. Snow Crash (Bantam Spectra Book). Turtleback Books Distributed by Demco Media, 2000.

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Snow Crash (Bantam Spectra Book). Spectra (Kindle Edition), 2003.

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Stephenson, Neal. Snow Crash (Bantam Spectra Book). Tandem Library, 2001.

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Stephenson, Neal. The Diamond Age : Or, a Young Lady's Illustrated Primer (Bantam Spectra Book). Spectra, 2000.

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Torgerson,, Paul R., C. N. L. Macpherson et D. A. Vuitton. Cystic echinococcosis. Oxford University Press, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198570028.003.0060.

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Cystic echinococcosis (CE)\cystic hydatid disease is one of the most widespread and important global helminth zoonoses. The parasite Echinococcus granulosus is maintained in a wide spectrum of intermediate hosts, including sheep, goats, camels, cattle, pigs and equines. A number of wild intermediate hosts occur, including cervids in the northern part of the North American continent and Eurasia, marsupials in Australia and wild herbivores in East and southern Africa. The application of a range of molecular techniques to the characterization of the parasite has confirmed the existence of mostly host-adapted strains and genotypes of the parasite and several new species have been proposed. The ubiquitous domestic dog serves as the most important definitive host for the transmission of the parasite throughout its wide geographical range.A wide range of diagnostic techniques, including necropsy, arecoline purgation, coproantigen ELISA and DNA based tests are available for detecting E. granulosus infection in the definitive host. In intermediate animal hosts, diagnosis at post mortem still remains the most reliable option. In humans, imaging techniques including ultrasound, nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) or computer aided tomography (CAT-scan provide not only a method of diagnosis but also reveal important clinical information on the location, condition, number and size of the hydatid cysts in man. Of these ultrasound is the most widely used diagnostic technique and is the only imaging technique for screening of populations in rural areas, where the disease is most common. A classification system has been developed which can be used to assess the likely development of a cyst and hence guide the clinician in treatment options for the patient. Treatment relies on surgery and/or percutaneous interventions, especially ‘Puncture, Aspiration, Injection, Re-aspiration’ (PAIR) and/or antiparasitic treatment with albendazole (and alternatively mebendazole).CE is largely a preventable disease. Successful elimination programmes have focused on frequent periodic treatments of dogs with anthelmintics and the control of slaughter of domestic livestock. In many regions elimination or even control remains a problem as the parasite is endemic over vast areas of low income countries where there may be limited resources for control. In some areas, such as former communist administered countries, the parasite is resurgent. New tools are becoming available to control the parasite, including a highly effective vaccine in sheep which prevents the infection in sheep and breaks the transmission cycle. In addition cost effective methods are being developed which may be appropriate in low income countries where financial resources are not available for intensive control programmes that have been successful in high income countries.
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Chapitres de livres sur le sujet "Pics spectraux"

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Johnson, Cynthia R., et Tyler A. Hassenfeldt. « Pica ». Dans Encyclopedia of Autism Spectrum Disorders, 2250–55. New York, NY : Springer New York, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-1698-3_1646.

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Johnson, Cynthia R., et Tyler A. Hassenfeldt. « Pica ». Dans Encyclopedia of Autism Spectrum Disorders, 3482–87. Cham : Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-91280-6_1646.

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Tannenbaum, Allen R. « Spectral Nevanlinna-Pick Interpolation ». Dans Open Problems in Mathematical Systems and Control Theory, 217–20. London : Springer London, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4471-0807-8_41.

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Mavridou, Irene, Evangelia Dimitriou, Marie T. Vanier, Lluisa Vilageliu, Daniel Grinberg, Philippe Latour, Athina Xaidara et al. « The Spectrum of Niemann-Pick Type C Disease in Greece ». Dans JIMD Reports, 41–48. Berlin, Heidelberg : Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/8904_2016_41.

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Mazurenko, Yu T. « Spectral Holography of Ultrashort Pulses and Photochronography of Ultrafast Processes with Pico- to Femtosecond Time Resolution ». Dans Springer Proceedings in Physics, 140–43. Berlin, Heidelberg : Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-75826-3_27.

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Oskay Halacli, Sevil. « Flow Cytometric Approach in the Diagnosis of Primary Immunodeficiencies ». Dans Cell Interaction - Molecular and Immunological Basis for Disease Management. IntechOpen, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.96004.

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Primary Immunodeficiencies (PIDs) compose of a large spectrum of diseases characterized by abrogated or dysregulated functions of innate and adaptive immune system components that cause susceptibility to recurrent infections, autoimmunity, neoplasia/malignancy and dysfunction of organs and skeletal system. PIDs are also evaluated as molecular diseases due to the mutations in one or more genes. That affects transcripts and protein expressions as well as their functions. Today, 430 different genes are known to have various functional effects which are related to 403 different PIDs. Analyzing the effects of the mutations on relevant protein expression and function is significant to diagnose and the follow-up of the PIDs. Application of flow cytometry for analyzing protein expression levels and functions in immune cells as well as investigating the cellular functions tender a rapid, quantitative and reliable approach to identify and to prove the genetic background of PIDs. Therefore, the use of flow cytometry aids to have a large spectrum of data from gene to function and from function to clinical relevance in the first-step and differantial diagnosis of PIDs.
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« Herglotz-Pick functions and their spectra ». Dans Graduate Studies in Mathematics, 299–302. Providence, Rhode Island : American Mathematical Society, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1090/gsm/168/19.

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Matheis, Maya, Jasper A. Estabillo et Johnny L. Matson. « Managing Challenging Behavior in Adolescents with Autism Spectrum Disorder ». Dans Adolescents with Autism Spectrum Disorder, sous la direction de Nicholas W. Gelbar, 242–72. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med-psych/9780190624828.003.0010.

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The term “challenging behavior” describes a wide range of behaviors that may be harmful to an individual and that pose significant risks related to health, emotional distress, or exclusion from community settings. Challenging behaviors occur at high rates among individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Some forms of challenging behavior include: aggression, self-injurious behavior (SIB), stereotypical behavior, pica, and vomiting/rumination. Functional behavioral assessment (FBA) is the process of gathering and interpreting data related to the underlying function of a behavior. Interventions that target the function of a behavior are more effective and efficient. Behavioral treatment methods for challenging behavior are based on operant principles of reinforcement and punishment. Several common treatment methods are described. Suggestions for the assessment and treatment of challenging behaviors are outlined.
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Berkhouch, Mohammed. « Distributional Uncertainty for Spectral Risk Measures ». Dans Handbook of Research on Financial Management During Economic Downturn and Recovery, 476–94. IGI Global, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-6643-5.ch027.

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Spectral risk measures, primarily introduced as an extension for expected shortfall, constitute a prominent class of risk measures that take account of the decision-makersrisk-aversion. In practice, risk measures are often estimated from data distributions, and due to the uncertain character of the financial market, one has no specific criterium to pick the appropriate distribution. Therefore, risk assessment under different possible scenarios (such as financial crises or outbreaks) is a source of uncertainty that may lead to concerning financial losses. The chapter addresses this issue, first, by adapting a robust framework for spectral risk measures, by considering the whole set of possible scenarios instead of making a specific choice. Second, the author proposes a variability-type approach as an alternative for quantifying uncertainty, since measuring uncertainty provides us with information about how far our risk measurement process could be impacted by uncertainty. Furthermore, the stated theory is illustrated with a practical example from the NASDAQ index.
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Wilton Calderón-Ruiz, Santos, Ronal Mescco, Edgar Valdez et Rubén Pinares. « Antibiotic Resistance of Pathogens of Cervical Lymphadenitis in Guinea Pig in Peru ». Dans Antibiotic Resistance - New Insights [Working Title]. IntechOpen, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.108370.

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The guinea pig (Cavia porcellus) is a small animal that provides a source of protein for the feeding of rural inhabitants of Peru. The frequency of pathogens associated with cervical lymphadenitis includes mainly pyogenic bacteria’s Streptococcus sp., Staphylococcus sp. and Corynebacterium sp. The spread of these pathogens can be controlled by applying biosecurity with thorough disinfection and rest of ponds or cages. In this context, antibiotic resistance is a growing problem in veterinary and human medicine, disfavoring antibiotic therapeutic efficacy that can nullify the curative action during treatment. We describe the main bacteria isolated from cervical lymphadenitis can be very sensitive to bacitracin, polymyxin, vancomycin and gentamicin. Which will allow the proper use of antibiotics in guinea pigs, as well as an efficient control focused in One World One Health. Antimicrobial resistance against lymphadenitis in guinea pigs in vivo has not been well studied in the regions of Peru. Resistance to enrofloxacin, penicillin and oxytetracycline, the most widely used antibiotics by producers, is suspected without considering the specificity or the spectrum of their pharmacological action; which could represent a relevant public health problem at the regional level. For these considerations we suggest carrying out resistance tests with animals previously administered with fluoroquinolones and the new beta-lactams.
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Actes de conférences sur le sujet "Pics spectraux"

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Schulz, Olaf, Alvaro Moscoso-Mártir, Jeremy Witzens et Stephan Pachnicke. « Highly Scalable WDM Nonlinear Frequency Division Multiplexed Transmission System using Spectral Overlap ». Dans Optical Fiber Communication Conference. Washington, D.C. : Optica Publishing Group, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/ofc.2023.th1f.4.

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We present a highly scalable PIC-based nonlinear frequency division multiplexed transmission system in which b-modulated channels are wavelength division multiplexed with spectral overlap so as to obtain a seamless spectrum without frequency guard bands.
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Brockmeyer, Landon, Aleksandr Obabko, Elia Merzari et Yassin Hassan. « Analysis of Pressure Field on Wire-Wrapped Pin Bundle Surface for Concerns of FSI ». Dans ASME 2018 5th Joint US-European Fluids Engineering Division Summer Meeting. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/fedsm2018-83521.

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Wire wrapped fuel pins, typical of sodium fast reactor designs, introduce a strong secondary rotational flow and enhanced mixing compared to bare pins found in many other nuclear reactor designs. The transverse flow is created by deflection off of the helical wires, exerting a force onto the wires. The resulting pressure field can be more intricate than found for bare fuel pins. There is an increased concern for fluid structure interactions such as twisting, bending, and vibration due to the fluid deflection and increased transverse flow. The present study uses LES to simulate the fluid flow in a wire-wrapped fuel pin bundle. The simulation is performed using Nek5000, a spectral element LES/DNS code. The time-dependent, fluctuating pressure field at the surface of select fuel pins are specifically captured for analysis. Statistical analysis is performed on the pressure data to find areas of persistent force or bending moment, which over large periods of time may result in deformation of the pins. Further, the pressure data is analyzed in search of areas with large fluctuations in pressure, which may result in flow induced vibrations. Frequency spectra of the force fluctuations are analyzed.
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Petrini, Matteo, Rita Baldi, Moritz Seyfried, Francesco Morichetti et Andrea Melloni. « Probe-Card Based Automatic Testing of Photonic Integrated Filters ». Dans Integrated Photonics Research, Silicon and Nanophotonics. Washington, D.C. : Optica Publishing Group, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/iprsn.2022.im4c.2.

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Automatic electrical IV measurements and optical spectral tuning of a 4-channels reconfigurable multiplexer is achieved using a probe-card approach. The full testing lasts less than 300 msec. The technique is suitable for PICs volume testing.
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Scoles, G. « IR spectroscopy of molecules attached to liquid He clusters ». Dans OSA Annual Meeting. Washington, D.C. : Optica Publishing Group, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/oam.1992.mee2.

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Helium clusters containing a few thousand monomers, formed from a sonic nozzle at 15 K, are doped with SF6 molecules that they pick up in a scattering box containing this gas at partial pressures of 10−5 to 10−4 Torr. The IR spectrum of the doped clusters is obtained by line tunable CO2 laser excitation of the SF6 and bolometric detection of the photoevaporated helium atoms. If the clusters contain a single SF6 molecule, the spectrum shows two absorptions located at 945.8 cm−1 and 946.1 cm−1, which indicates that the SF6 molecule is located in an anisotropic environment, i.e., near the surface of the cluster. If the cluster contains two SF6 molecules, the spectrum of the SF6 dimer is recovered and found to be very narrow, as appropriate to the very low temperature of the medium in which the spectrum is taken (~0.4 K). The linear and quadratic dependence of the spectral intensities of, respectively, the monomer and the dimer features allows for an independent confirmation of the average cluster size.
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Zhang, Changfan, Jian Gong, Junrui Teng et Suping Liu. « Study of Template Measurement of Plutonium Pit Based on Gamma-Ray Detection ». Dans 18th International Conference on Nuclear Engineering. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icone18-29486.

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Template measurement is an important method in deep nuclear disarmament. The gamma-ray spectrum of Plutonium pit shows unique property due to age, abundance, amounts and thickness of the Plutonium pit; that is, same designed pits yield similar gamma-ray spectra while different design give distinct spectra. Useful information is extracted from gamma-ray spectrum generated by the reliable Plutonium pit radiation as ‘template’. Comparison of the data from inspected objects with the template can give conclusion whether they are of the same type. This paper studies how to choose template data from gamma-ray spectrum and discusses the limits of the gamma-ray measurement. Because of the strong self-absorption of Plutonium, some characteristics of Plutonium pit can’t be identified only by gamma spectrum. MCNP simulation was employed to prove that in some cases, template depending on gamma-ray spectrum from the reliable Plutonium pit alone can’t effectively distinguish the spurious objects. And a further approach indicates that enhancing neutron counting rate of spontaneous fission of Plutonium can improve the problem. Neutron counting rate can be indirectly acquired by spontaneous fissile neutrons bombarding a 10B target. 478 keV γ rays are concomitant with the nuclear reaction 10B(n,α)7Li* from 7Li* nuclei’s deexcitation. Neutron information is gathered by detecting 478 keV γ photons. Using HPGe γ detector can both detect γ-ray spectrum and acquire neutron counting rate. This method efficiently increases confidence of template measurement and also ensures the dismantling process without revealing sensitive nuclear warhead design information.
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Hirschmann, R., et J. Friedrich. « Hole Burning in Long Chain Molecular Aggregates ». Dans Persistent Spectral Hole Burning : Science and Applications. Washington, D.C. : Optica Publishing Group, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/pshb.1991.fe15.

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The salts of pseudoisocyanine (PIC) have very specific optical properties. Under certain conditions (concentration, temperature) the PIC-molecules form linear aggregates in solution. Since the coupling between the molecules comprising the aggregate is very strong, the excited states are delocalized over a large range. A coherence length on the order of 1000 Å is not uncommon. These excitonic states carry momentum and, hence, the physics of these systems shows novel phenomena as compared to small probe systems. Such phenomena are , for instance, extreme motional narrowing of inhomogeneous line broadening and a very specific temperature dependence of the homogeneous width due to exciton-phonon-scattering processes in which both, energy as well as momentum, have to be conserved.
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Tannenbaum, Allen. « Spectral Nevanlinna-Pick interpolation theory and robust stabilization ». Dans 26th IEEE Conference on Decision and Control. IEEE, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/cdc.1987.272721.

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Li, De-Gen, et Chun-Sheng Liu. « Conical pick cutting experiment and resistance spectrum characteristics ». Dans 2015 International Conference on Mechanics and Mechatronics (ICMM2015). WORLD SCIENTIFIC, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/9789814699143_0003.

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Mazurenko, Yuri T., S. E. Putilin, Valery L. Bogdanov, George V. Lukomskij, Mikhail V. Smirnov et Yuri A. Cherkasov. « Spectral holography of pico- and nanosecond laser pulses ». Dans Laser Optics, sous la direction de Artur A. Mak. SPIE, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.183167.

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Smowton, P. M., et P. Blood. « Fermi-level Pinning in GaInP/AlGaInP Laser Diodes ». Dans The European Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics. Washington, D.C. : Optica Publishing Group, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/cleo_europe.1998.cwl7.

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We have studied Fermi-level pinning in 670nm GaInP quantum well laser diodes by measuring spontaneous emission spectra as functions of injection current and heatsink temperature with the aim of understanding the processes which govern the earner distributions above threshold. We observe that the spontaneous emission from the well itself pins above threshold but that the emission from the barrier region, alongside the well, continues to increase. Various explanations have been suggested for observations of this sort including carrier thermalisation, spectral hole burning and capture bottlenecks but in this presentation we set out to show that it is possible to explain the obseived behaviour simply in terms of effects due to internal fields.
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Rapports d'organisations sur le sujet "Pics spectraux"

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A.J. Caffrey. PINS Spectrum Identification Guide. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), mars 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1070121.

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Chen, Pictiaw, Boaz Zion et Michael J. McCarthy. Utilization of NMR Technology for Internal Nondestructive Quality Evaluation of Fruits and Vegetables. United States Department of Agriculture, septembre 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/1994.7568778.bard.

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Objective: The objective of this research was to investigate the potential use of NMR for evaluating various internal quality factors of fruits and vegetables, leading to the eventual development of practical techniques that are useful for future development of NMR sensors. Summary: Investigation on NMR imaging, one-dimension NMR projection, and single-pulse free-induction-decay (FID) spectrum led to the development of high-speed NMR techniques for real-time sensing of internal quality of selected fruits. NMR imaging can be used for detecting internal defects and various quality factors such as bruises, dry regions, worm damage, stage of ripeness, tissue breakdown, and the presence of voids, seeds, sprouts, and pits. The one-dimension (1-D) image profile technique, in which the 1-D projection of the NMR signal of a selected slice of the intact fruit is recorded, is suitable for detecting tissue breakdown regions, presence of pits, and other defects in fruits. The oil and sugar content of fruits can be determined from the single-pulse FID spectrum measurement, in which a surface coil is used to acquire the FID spectrum and the ratio of the resonance peaks is used as the quality index. The latter two techniques are suitable for high-speed sorting of fruits. The most important accomplishment is the successful development of high-speed NMR techniques for determining internal quality of fruits while they are moving at speed up to 30 cm/s. This accomplishment is an important step toward the development of NMR techniques for on-line sorting of fruits and vegetables.
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Meng, Shu-Qiao, Ai-Guo Chen, Wen-Xia Tong, Shi-Meng Wang et Zhi-Yuan Sun. The Effect of Physical Activity on Motor Skills Disorder of Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder : A Meta-Analysis. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, février 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2023.2.0068.

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Review question / Objective: Meta-analysis was used to systematically investigate the improvement effect of physical activity on motor skills disorder in children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), and to summarize the best exercise program. To obtain high-quality study results, the PICOS principles are usually relied upon to help complete the study design during the construction of the scientific question. That is, the target population (P) for evidence application is children with ASD; the intervention (I) is motor training such as aerobic, resistance exercise or combined exercise; the comparative measure (C) is other non-motor interventions; the outcome indicators (O) are improvements in gross motor ability, fine motor ability, and balance and coordination; and the type of evidence is a randomized controlled trial. Eligibility criteria: Subjects included in the paper were required to be children with ASD diagnosed by an authoritative institution, with consistent pre-experimental characteristics; with a complete intervention program and accurate post-test results, and the type of study in the literature was a randomized controlled trial.
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Knyazikhin, Y. Final Scientific/Technical Report Grant title : Use of ARM Measurements of Spectral Zenith Radiance for Better Understanding of 3D Cloud-Radiation Processes and Aerosol-Cloud Interaction This is a collaborative project with the NASA GSFC project of Dr. A. Marshak and W. Wiscombe (PIs). This report covers BU activities from February 2011 to June 2011 and BU "no-cost extension" activities from June 2011 to June 2012. This report summarizes results that complement a final technical report submitted by the PIs in 2011. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), septembre 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1050453.

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