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Littérature scientifique sur le sujet « Plasmoidi »

Auteur : Grafiati

Publié le 28 mars 2023

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Articles de revues sur le sujet "Plasmoidi"

Honkonen, I., M. Palmroth, T. I. Pulkkinen, P. Janhunen et A. Aikio. « On large plasmoid formation in a global magnetohydrodynamic simulation ». Annales Geophysicae 29, n^o 1 (14 janvier 2011) : 167–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/angeo-29-167-2011.

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Abstract. We investigate plasmoid formation in the magnetotail using the global magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) simulation GUMICS-4. Here a plasmoid implies a major reconfiguration of the magnetotail where a part of the tail plasma sheet is ejected downstream, in contrast to small Earthward-propagating plasmoids. We define a plasmoid based solely on the structure of the closed (connected to the Earth at both ends) magnetic field line region. In this definition a plasmoid is partly separated from the ordinary closed field line region by lobe field lines or interplanetary field lines resulting from lobe reconnection. We simulate an event that occurred on 18 February 2004 during which four intensifications of the auroral electroject (AE) index occurred in 8 h. Plasmoids form in the simulation for two of the four AE intensifications. Each plasmoid forms as a result of two consecutive large and fast rotations of the interplanetary magnetic field (IMF). In both cases the IMF rotates 180 degrees at 10 degrees per minute, first from southward to northward and some 15 min later from northward to southward. The other two AE intencifications however are not associated with a plasmoid formation. A plasmoid does not form if either the IMF rotation speed or the angular change of the rotation are small. We also present an operational definition for these fully connected plasmoids that enables their automatic detection in simulations. Finally, we show mappings of the plasmoid footpoints in the ionosphere, where they perturb the polar cap boundary in both hemispheres.

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Suzuki, Y., T. H. Watanabe, A. Kageyama, T. Sato et T. Hayashi. « Three-Dimensional Simulation Study of Plasmoid Injection into Magnetized Plasma ». Symposium - International Astronomical Union 188 (1998) : 209–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0074180900114780.

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Resent observations suggest that, during solar flares, plasmoids are injected into the interplanetary medium (Stewart et al., 1982). It has also been pointed out that solar wind irregularities modeled as plasmoids are penetrated into the magnetosphere (Lemaire, 1977). These plasmoid injections are considered to be an important process because they transfer mass, momentum, and energy into such magnetized plasma regions. Our objective is to investigate the dynamics of a plasmoid, which is injected into a magnetized plasma region and to reveal mechanisms to transfer them. To achieve this, we carried out three-dimensional magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) simulations.

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Christie, I. M., M. Petropoulou, L. Sironi et D. Giannios. « Interplasmoid Compton scattering and the Compton dominance of BL Lacs ». Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 492, n^o 1 (9 décembre 2019) : 549–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stz3265.

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ABSTRACT Blazar emission models based on magnetic reconnection succeed in reproducing many observed spectral and temporal features, including the short-duration luminous flaring events. Plasmoids, a self-consistent by-product of the tearing instability in the reconnection layer, can be the main source of blazar emission. Kinetic simulations of relativistic reconnection have demonstrated that plasmoids are characterized by rough energy equipartition between their radiating particles and magnetic fields. This is the main reason behind the apparent shortcoming of plasmoid-dominated emission models to explain the observed Compton ratios of BL Lac objects. Here, we demonstrate that the radiative interactions among plasmoids, which have been neglected so far, can assist in alleviating this contradiction. We show that photons emitted by large, slow-moving plasmoids can be a potentially important source of soft photons to be then upscattered, via inverse Compton, by small fast-moving, neighbouring plasmoids. This interplasmoid Compton scattering process can naturally occur throughout the reconnection layer, imprinting itself as an increase in the observed Compton ratios from those short and luminous plasmoid-powered flares within BL Lac sources, while maintaining energy equipartition between radiating particles and magnetic fields.

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Lemaire, J. « Plasmoid motion across a tangential discontinuity (with application to the magnetopause) ». Journal of Plasma Physics 33, n^o 3 (juin 1985) : 425–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022377800002592.

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The motion of a plasmoid (plasma-field entity) across an inhomogeneous magnetic field distribution of which the direction and strength change along the penetration trajectory has been studied. The bulk velocity decreases when the plasma element penetrates into a region of increasing magnetic field. The critical magnetic field intensity where a plasmoid is stopped or deflected is found to be the same critical field as that which has been observed in laboratory experiments for a non-rotating B-field distribution. The polarization electric field induced inside a moving plasma element has been determined for both low-β and high-β plasmoids. The momentum density vector of a plasmoid is deflected in the – B × ∇B and – B × (B. ∇)B directions as it penetrates into an inhomogeneous B-field distribution. This kinetic model has been applied to the impulsive penetration of solar wind plasma irregularities impinging on the earth's geomagnetic field with an excess momentum density. As a consequence of impulsive penetration, a plasma boundary layer is formed where the intruding plasmoids are deflected eastward. Magnetospheric plasma is dragged in the direction parallel to the flanks of the average magnetopause surface. Diamagnetic effects of these impulsively penetrating plasmoids into the magnetosphere are also briefly discussed.

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Markidis, S., P. Henri, G. Lapenta, A. Divin, M. V. Goldman, D. Newman et S. Eriksson. « Collisionless magnetic reconnection in a plasmoid chain ». Nonlinear Processes in Geophysics 19, n^o 1 (27 février 2012) : 145–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/npg-19-145-2012.

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Abstract. The kinetic features of plasmoid chain formation and evolution are investigated by two dimensional Particle-in-Cell simulations. Magnetic reconnection is initiated in multiple X points by the tearing instability. Plasmoids form and grow in size by continuously coalescing. Each chain plasmoid exhibits a strong out-of plane core magnetic field and an out-of-plane electron current that drives the coalescing process. The disappearance of the X points in the coalescence process are due to anti-reconnection, a magnetic reconnection where the plasma inflow and outflow are reversed with respect to the original reconnection flow pattern. Anti-reconnection is characterized by the Hall magnetic field quadrupole signature. Two new kinetic features, not reported by previous studies of plasmoid chain evolution, are here revealed. First, intense electric fields develop in-plane normally to the separatrices and drive the ion dynamics in the plasmoids. Second, several bipolar electric field structures are localized in proximity of the plasmoid chain. The analysis of the electron distribution function and phase space reveals the presence of counter-streaming electron beams, unstable to the two stream instability, and phase space electron holes along the reconnection separatrices.

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AHMAD, Nisar, Ping ZHU, Ahmad ALI et Shiyong ZENG. « Viscous effects on plasmoid formation from nonlinear resistive tearing growth in a Harris sheet ». Plasma Science and Technology 24, n^o 1 (23 novembre 2021) : 015103. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/2058-6272/ac3563.

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Abstract In this work, the evolution of a highly unstable m = 1 resistive tearing mode, leading to plasmoid formation in a Harris sheet, is studied in the framework of full MHD model using the Non-Ideal Magnetohydrodynamics with Rotation, Open Discussion simulation. Following the initial nonlinear growth of the primary m = 1 island, the X-point develops into a secondary elongated current sheet that eventually breaks into plasmoids. Two distinctive viscous regimes are found for the plasmoid formation and saturation. In the low viscosity regime (i.e. P r ≲ 1), the plasmoid width increases sharply with viscosity, whereas in the viscosity dominant regime (i.e. P r ≳ 1), the plasmoid size gradually decreases with viscosity. Such a finding quantifies the role of viscosity in modulating the plasmoid formation process through its effects on the plasma flow and the reconnection itself.

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Dubowsky, Scott E., Amber N. Rose, Nick G. Glumac et Benjamin J. McCall. « Electrical Properties of Reversed-Polarity Ball Plasmoid Discharges ». Plasma 3, n^o 3 (29 juin 2020) : 92–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plasma3030008.

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Ball plasmoid discharges are a unique type of atmospheric-pressure plasma discharge with a lifetime on the order of a hundred milliseconds without attachment to a power source. These discharges are generated by a moderate current pulse over the surface of an aqueous electrolyte, and some consider the spherical plasmoid that results to bear some resemblance to ball lightning. This article presents the first analysis of the electrical properties of ball plasmoid discharges in a reversed-polarity configuration, i.e., with the central electrode serving as the anode rather than as the cathode. These experiments demonstrate that ball plasmoids can indeed be generated with either electrode polarity with similar observable properties. These results are contrary to what has previously been discussed in the literature and raise additional questions regarding formation mechanisms of ball plasmoids. Analysis of images and electrical measurements collected at various discharge energies show that two distinct processes occur during discharges with our circuitry and in this reversed-polarity configuration: the formation of spark channels between the anode and electrolyte, and the generation of streamers and a jet from the surface of the anode.

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Belehaki, A., R. W. McEntire, S. Kokubun et T. Yamamoto. « Magnetotail response during a strong substorm as observed by GEOTAIL in the distant tail ». Annales Geophysicae 16, n^o 5 (31 mai 1998) : 528–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00585-998-0528-5.

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Abstract. Simultaneous energetic particle and magnetic field observations from the GEOTAIL spacecraft in the distant tail (XGSM≈ –150 Re) have been analysed to study the response of the Earth's magnetotail during a strong substorm (AE ≤ 680 nT). At geosynchronous altitude, LANL spacecraft recorded three electron injections between 0030 UT and 0130 UT, which correspond to onsets observed on the ground at Kiruna Ground Observatory. The Earth's magnetotail responded to this substorm with the ejection of five plasmoids, whose size decreases from one plasmoid to the next. Since the type of magnetic structure detected by a spacecraft residing the lobes, depends on the Z extent of the structure passing underneath the spacecraft, GEOTAIL is first engulfed by a plasmoid structure; six minutes later it detects a boundary layer plasmoid (BLP) and finally at the recovery phase of the substorm GEOTAIL observes three travelling compression regions (TCRs). The time-of-flight (TOF) speed of these magnetic structures was estimated to range between 510 km/s and 620 km/s. The length of these individual plasmoids was calculated to be between 28 Re and 56 Re. The principal axis analysis performed on the magnetic field during the TCR encountered, has confirmed that GEOTAIL observed a 2-D perturbation in the X-Z plane due to the passage of a plasmoid underneath. The first large plasmoid that engulfed GEOTAIL was much more complicated in nature probably due to the external, variable draped field lines associated with high beta plasma sheet and the PSBL flux tubes surrounding the plasmoid. From the analysis of the energetic particle angular distribution, evidence was found that ions were accelerated from the distant X-line at the onset of the burst associated with the first magnetic structure. Key words. Magnetospheric physics (magnetospheric configuration and dynamics; magnetotail).

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Cerutti, Benoît, et Gwenael Giacinti. « Formation of giant plasmoids at the pulsar wind termination shock : A possible origin of the inner-ring knots in the Crab Nebula ». Astronomy & ; Astrophysics 656 (décembre 2021) : A91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/202142178.

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Context. Nearby pulsar wind nebulae exhibit complex morphological features: jets, torus, arcs, and knots. These structures are well captured and understood in the scope of global magnetohydrodynamic models. However, the origin of knots in the inner radius of the Crab Nebula remains elusive. Aims. In this work, we investigate the dynamics of the shock front and downstream flow with a special emphasis on the reconnecting equatorial current sheet. We examine whether giant plasmoids produced in the reconnection process could be good candidates for the knots. Methods. To this end, we perform large semi-global three-dimensional particle-in-cell simulations in a spherical geometry. The hierarchical merging plasmoid model is used to extrapolate numerical results to pulsar wind nebula scales. Results. The shocked material collapses into the midplane, forming and feeding a large-scale, but thin, ring-like current layer. The sheet breaks up into a dynamical chain of merging plasmoids, reminiscent of three-dimensional reconnection. Plasmoids grow to a macroscopic size. The final number of plasmoids predicted is solely governed by the inverse of the dimensionless reconnection rate. Conclusions. The formation of giant plasmoids is a robust feature of pulsar wind termination shocks. They provide a natural explanation for the inner-ring knots in the Crab Nebula, provided that the nebula is highly magnetized.

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Ugai, M. « Virtual satellite observations of plasmoids generated by fast reconnection in the geomagnetic tail ». Annales Geophysicae 29, n^o 8 (23 août 2011) : 1411–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/angeo-29-1411-2011.

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Abstract. The present paper studies fundamental features of plasmoid propagation by virtual satellite observations in the simulation box. The plasmoid domain is divided into the plasmoid reconnection region P, where magnetized plasmas with reconnected field lines, heated by dissipation mechanisms of fast reconnection, are accumulated, and the plasmoid core region C, where magnetized plasmas with sheared field lines, initially embedded in the current sheet, is adiabatically compressed. When the virtual satellite is located in a position through which the plasmoid core region passes, it detects distinct changes in quantities at the interface between the regions P and C, where the north-south field component Bz has the bipolar profile and the sheared field component By has the peak value. The observed magnetic field profile is, both quantitatively and qualitatively, in good agreement with the standard one detected by actual satellite observations, although when the satellite location is very close to the X neutral line, where reconnection occurs, the Bz field profile becomes dipolarization-like rather than bipolar. If the satellite detects only the plasmoid region P outside region C, the standard magnetic field profile becomes obscure even if notable plasmoid signatures, such as enhanced plasma temperature and plasma flow, are observed. Unlike the traditional flux rope model based on multiple reconnections, it is demonstrated that the standard magnetic field profile, observed for plasmoids propagating in the geomagnetic tail, is the direct outcome of the single fast reconnection evolution.

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Thèses sur le sujet "Plasmoidi"

Granier, Camille. « Nouveaux développements sur la théorie des instabilités des feuilles de courant dans les plasmas non-collisionels ». Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université Côte d'Azur, 2022. http://www.theses.fr/2022COAZ4109.

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La reconnexion magnétique est une modification de la topologie du champ magnétique, responsable de la libération explosive d'énergie magnétique dans les plasmas astrophysiques, comme dans le cas des orages magnétosphériques et des éjections de masse coronale, ainsi que dans les plasmas de laboratoire, comme dans le cas des crashs en dents de scie dans les tokamaks. Dans les plasmas sans collisions comme, par exemple, la magnétosphère et le vent solaire, l'inertie des électrons devient particulièrement pertinente pour provoquer la reconnexion dans les régions de courant localisé intense, appelées feuilles de courant. Dans ces environnements non collisionnels, la température peut souvent être anisotrope et les effets à l'échelle électronique sur le processus de reconnexion peuvent devenir non négligeables.Dans cette thèse, la stabilité des feuilles de courant bidimensionnelles dans des plasmas sans collisions avec un fort champ guide est analysée sur la base de modèles gyrofluides assumant des ions froids. Ces modèles peuvent prendre en compte une anisotropie de température d'équilibre, et un βe fini. Ce dernier est un paramètre correspondant au rapport entre la pression cinétique électronique d'équilibre et la pression magnétique.Nous dérivons et analysons une relation de dispersion pour le taux de croissance des modes tearing sans collisions tenant compte de l'anisotropie de la température d'équilibre des électrons. Les prédictions analytiques sont testées par des simulations numériques, montrant un très bon accord quantitatif.Dans le cas isotrope, en tenant compte des effets βe finis, nous observons une stabilisation du taux de croissance du mode tearing lorsque les effets du rayon de Larmor fini des électrons deviennent pertinents. Dans la phase non linéaire, des phases de ralentissement et des phases d'accélération sont observées, de manière similaire à ce qui se produit en présence d'effets de rayon de Larmor fini ionique.Nous étudions également les conditions de stabilité marginale des feuilles de courant secondaires, pour le développement de plasmoïdes, dans des plasmas sans collisions. Dans le régime isotrope βe → 0, nous analysons la géométrie qui caractérise le feuillet de courant, et identifions les conditions pour lesquelles elle devient instable à l'instabilité plasmoïde. Notre étude montre que des plasmoïdes peuvent être obtenus, dans ce contexte, à partir de feuille de courants aillant un rapport d'aspect beaucoup plus petit que dans le régime collisionnel. De plus, nous étudions la formation de plasmoïdes en comparant les simulations gyrofluides et gyrocinétiques.Ceci a permis de montrer que l'effet de βe favorise l'instabilité plasmoïde. Enfin, nous étudions l'impact de la fermeture appliquée sur les moments, effectuée lors de la dérivation du modèle gyrofluide, sur la distribution et la conversion de l'énergie lors de la reconnexion
Magnetic reconnection is a change of topology of the magnetic field, responsible for explosive release of magnetic energy in astrophysical plasmas, as in the case of magnetospheric substorms and coronal mass ejections, as well as in laboratory plasmas, which is the case of sawtooth crashes in tokamaks. In collisionless plasmas as, for instance, the magnetosphere and the solar wind, electron inertia becomes particularly relevant to drive reconnection at regions of intense localized current, denoted as current sheets. In these non-collisional environments, the temperature can often be anisotropic and effects at the electron scale on the reconnection process can become non-negligible.In this thesis, the stability of two-dimensional current sheets, with respect to reconnecting perturbations, in collisionless plasmas with a strong guide field is analysed on the basis of gyrofluid models assuming cold ions. These models can take into account an equilibrium temperature anisotropy,and a finite βe, a parameter corresponding to the ratio between equilibrium electron kinetic pressure and magnetic pressure.We derive and analyze a dispersion relation for the growth rate of collisionless tearing modes accounting for equilibrium electron temperature anisotropy. The analytical predictions are tested against numerical simulations, showing a very good quantitative agreement.In the isotropic case, accounting for finite βe effects, we observe a stabilization of the tearing growth rate when electron finite Larmor radius effects become relevant. In the nonlinear phase, stall phases and faster than exponential phases are observed, similarly to what occurs in the presence of ion finite Larmor radius effects.We also investigate the marginal stability conditions of secondary current sheets, for the development of plasmoids, in collisionless plasmas. In the isotropic βe → 0 regime, we analyze the geometry that characterizes the reconnecting current sheet, and identify the conditions for which it is plasmoid unstable. Our study shows that plasmoids can be obtained, in this context, from current sheets with an aspect ratio much smaller than in the collisional regime. Furthermore, we investigate the plasmoid formation comparing gyrofluid and gyrokinetic simulations.This made it possible to show that the effect of finite βe, promotes the plasmoid instability. Finally, we study the impact of the closure applied on the moments, performed during the derivation of the gyrofluid model, on the distribution and conversion of energy during reconnection
La riconnessione magnetica è un cambiamento nella topologia delcampo magnetico, responsabile del rilascio esplosivo di energia magnetica nei plasmiastrofisici, come nelle tempeste magnetosferiche e nelle espulsioni di massa coronale,nonché nei plasmi di laboratorio, come nel caso delle oscillazioni a dente di sega neitokamak. Nei plasmi non-collisionali come, ad esempio, la magnetosfera e il vento solare,l’inerzia elettronica diventa particolarmente efficace nel causare la riconnessionein regioni di corrente intensa e localizzata, detti strati di corrente. In tali plasmi noncollisionali,la temperatura può essere spesso anisotropa e gli effetti su scala elettronicasul processo di riconnessione possono diventare non trascurabili.In questa tesi, viene analizzata la stabilità di strati di corrente bidimensionali inplasmi non-collisionali con un forte campo guida, sulla base di modelli girofluidi cheassumono ioni freddi. Questi modelli possono tenere conto di un’anisotropia di temperaturadi equilibrio e di un βe finito. Quest’ultimo è un parametro corrispondente alrapporto tra la pressione cinetica elettronica di equilibrio e la pressione magnetica.Deriviamo e analizziamo una relazione di dispersione per il tasso di crescita dei moditearing non-collisionali tenendo conto dell’anisotropia della temperatura di equilibriodegli elettroni. Le previsioni analitiche sono verificate mediante simulazioni numeriche,che mostrano un ottimo accordo quantitativo. Nel caso isotropico, tenendoconto degli effetti di βe finito, si osserva una stabilizzazione del tasso di crescita delmodo tearing quando diventano rilevanti gli effetti del raggio finito di Larmor deglielettroni. Nella fase non lineare si osservano fasi di decelerazione e fasi di accelerazione,simili a quanto avviene in presenza di effetti del raggio di Larmor finito ionico.Studiamo anche le condizioni di stabilità marginale degli strati di corrente secondaria,per lo sviluppo di plasmoidi, in plasmi senza collisioni. Nel regime isotropicocon βe → 0, analizziamo la geometria che caratterizza lo strato di corrente e identifichiamole condizioni in cui esso diventa instabile a causa di un’instabilità che generaplasmoidi. Il nostro studio mostra che i plasmoidi possono essere ottenuti, in questocontesto, da strati di corrente aventi un rapporto d’aspetto molto più piccolo rispettoal regime collisionale. Inoltre, studiamo la formazione di plasmoidi confrontando simulazionigirofluidi e girocinetiche. Ciò ha permesso di dimostrare che l’effetto di βe promuove l’instabilità che genera plasmoidi. Infine, si studia l’impatto della chiusuraapplicata ai momenti, eseguita durante la derivazione del modello girofluido, sulla distribuzionee conversione dell’energia durante la riconnessione

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Berger, T., J. Konheiser, A. V. Anikeev, V. V. Prikhodko, P. A. Bagryansky, E. Yu Kolesnikov, E. I. Soldatkina, Yu A. Tsidulko, K. Noack et A. A. Lizunov. « Study of high temperature and high density plasmoids in axially symmetrical magnetic fields ». Forschungszentrum Dresden, 2010. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:d120-qucosa-27870.

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Within the framework of an Institutional Partnership of the Alexander von Humboldt Foundation, the Budker Institute of Nuclear Physics Novisibirsk (BINP) and Forschungszentrum Dresden-Rossendorf worked together in a joint project devoted to the research at the coupled GDT-SHIP facility of the BINP with the focus on the study of plasma phenomena within the SHIP mirror section. The project began at July 1st, 2005 and ended on August 30th, 2008. It included work packages of significant theoretical, computational and analyzing investigations. The focus of this final report is on the presentation of results achieved whereas the work that was done is described briefly only. Chapter 2 illustrates the GDT-SHIP facility and describes shortly the planned topics of the SHIP plasma research. Chapter 3 explains the main extensions and modifications of the Integrated Transport Code System (ITCS) which were necessary for the calculations of the fast ion and neutral gas particle fields in SHIP, describes briefly the scheme of computations and presents significant results of pre-calculations from which conclusions were drawn regarding the experimental program of SHIP. In chapter 4, the theoretical and computational investigations of self-organizing processes in two-component plasmas of the GDT-SHIP device are explained and the results hitherto achieved are presented. In chapter 5, significant results of several experiments with moderate and with enhanced plasma parameters are presented and compared with computational results obtained with the ITCS. Preparing neutron measurements which are planned for neutron producing experiments with deuterium injection, Monte Carlo neutron transport calculations with the MCNP code were also carried out. The results are presented. Finally, from the results obtained within the joint research project important conclusions are drawn in chapter 6.

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Berger, T., J. Konheiser, A. V. Anikeev, V. V. Prikhodko, P. A. Bagryansky, E. Yu Kolesnikov, E. I. Soldatkina, Yu A. Tsidulko, K. Noack et A. A. Lizunov. « Study of high temperature and high density plasmoids in axially symmetrical magnetic fields ». Forschungszentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, 2009. https://hzdr.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A21614.

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DELANNEE, CECILE. « Contribution a l'etude des plasmoides de la couronne solaire ». Paris 6, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997PA066296.

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La couronne solaire est le lieu de phenomenes encore inexpliques. Des nuages de plasma se deplacent en son sein. Ces nuages sont aussi appeles plasmoides. Dans mon travail de these, j'ai analyse trois observations de plasmoides. Chacune presente des resultats originaux. Les plasmoides sont plus denses, plus froids et plus magnetises que la couronne ambiante. Leur vitesses varient de 20 km s#-#1 a 150 km s#-#1. Leur dynamique est tres particuliere. Pour l'expliquer, j'ai determine les forces agissant sur ces nuages. L'interaction des nuages avec la couronne est non collisionnelle et est dominee par le champ magnetique. La mhd ideale est applicable. Le champ magnetique interne au plasmoide est modelise par celui cree par un dipole situe en son centre de masse. J'ai calcule le mouvement de ce dipole dans le champ magnetique coronal. Ce modele permet d'expliquer en partie les resultats obtenus lors des observations. Ce travail montre que les plasmoides sont frequemment emis dans la couronne et qu'il peuvent participer a l'initiation du vent solaire.

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Takasaki, Hiroyuki. « Energetic phenomena of the solar flares : plasmoid ejections and particle transport and acceleration ». 京都大学 (Kyoto University), 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/144187.

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Kyoto University (京都大学)
0048
新制・課程博士
博士(理学)
甲第12104号
理博第2998号
新制||理||1447(附属図書館)
23940
UT51-2006-J99
京都大学大学院理学研究科物理学・宇宙物理学専攻
(主査)教授柴田一成, 助教授岩室史英, 教授長田哲也
学位規則第4条第1項該当

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Nishida, Keisuke. « Magnetohydrodynamic Simulations of Solar Flares with Plasmoid Ejection : What Determines Reconnection Rate and Reconnection Duration ? » 京都大学 (Kyoto University), 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/124421.

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Gazzola, Enrico. « Anisotropic propagation of Surface Plasmon Polaritons : study and exploitations ». Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Padova, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/11577/3423724.

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Sinusoidally patterned metallic surfaces, known as plasmonic gratings, constitute one of the principal structures which allow to achieve the coupling between an incident light beam and a Surface Plasmon Polariton mode. A variety of phenomena are available when the grating is rotated of an azimuthal angle with respect to the incidence plane. Aim of this work is a comprehensive investigation of the propagation properties of the surface mode under this configuration, correlating the role of the anisotropy introduced by the grating to the position and shape of the plasmonic resonance dip in the reflectance spectra. Analytical models and physical interpretations are provided; both experimental and computational means are exploited in order to validate the models, including the observation of innovative effects. Thin-film coupled modes, the Long Range and Short Range Surface Plasmon Polaritons, are studied and experimentally observed in the azimuthally rotated configuration. Special attention is paid to the role of the plasmon radiative losses, due to the scattering by the grating. Their dependence on the grating amplitude and the plasmon propagation direction is unraveled, and correlated to the width of the observed plasmonic resonances. The outcomes of these analyses lead to the evaluation of the sensitivity and Figure of Merit achievable when the considered configurations are exploited in the framework of Surface Plasmon Resonance sensing. The developed concepts and methods are proved to be valuable tools to predict and understand the response of actual plasmonic structures applied as sensing devices against gaseous analytes. Experimental tests of the plasmonic platforms as TNT, hydrogen and aromatic compounds sensors are reported, giving promising results. A particularly remarkable experiment is the combined exploitation of Long Range modes and azimuthally rotated configuration to sensibly enhance the performance of a xylene sensor
Superfici metalliche con modulazione sinusoidale, note come grating plasmonici, costituiscono una delle principali strutture che permettono di ottenere l’accoppiamento tra un fascio di luce incidente e un Plasmone Polaritone di Superficie. Una varietà di fenomeni sono accessibili quando il grating viene ruotato di un angolo azimutale rispetto al piano di incidenza. Scopo di questo lavoro è uno studio approfondito delle proprietà di propagazione del modo di superficie in questa configurazione, correlando il ruolo dell’anisotropia introdotta dal grating con la posizione e forma del dip di risonanza plasmonica negli spettri in riflettanza. Vengono presentati modelli analitici e interpretazioni fisiche; metodi sia sperimentali che computazionali vengono impiegati per validare i modelli, includendo l’osservazione di nuovi effetti. I modi accoppiati di film sottile, ovvero i Plasmoni Long Range e Short Range, vengono studiati e osservati sperimentalmente nella configurazione ad azimuth ruotato. Una particolare attenzione è dedicata al ruolo delle perdite radiative del plasmone, dovute allo scattering da parte del grating. La loro dipendenza dall’ampiezza del grating e dalla direzione di propagazione del plasmone è spiegata, e correlata con la larghezza delle risonanze plasmoniche osservabili. I risultati di queste analisi conducono alla valutazione delle sensibilità e Figura di Merito che si possono ottenere quando le configurazioni considerate sono sfruttate nell’ambito della sensoristica a Risonanza Plasmonica di Superficie. I concetti e metodi sviluppati si dimostrano strumenti di valore per predire e interpretare la risposta di strutture plasmoniche reali, applicate come dispositivi di sensing verso analiti allo stato gassoso. Le piattaforme plasmoniche vengono testate come sensori per TNT, idrogeno e composti aromatici, con risultati promettenti. Un esperimento particolarmente interessante è l’uso combinato dei modi Long Range e della configurazione ad azimuth ruotato per incrementare notevolmente le performance di un sensore di xylene

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Watts, David Ian. « A comparison of gene structure in amoebae and plasmodia of Physarum polycephalum ». Thesis, University of Leicester, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/2381/35177.

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The control of gene expression by rearrangement of DNA sequences, in prokaryotes and eukaryotes, is recorded in several instances. These accompany the differentiation of cells, yielding a new phenotype. The possibility of such a means of gene control operating in Physarum was considered; this organism undergoes marked changes in cell morphology and function during the amoebal-plasmodial transition. Genes activated or inactivated in this transition were examined for possible changes in structure. This was done by using amoebal- and plasmodial-specific cDNAs to probe Southern blots of amoebal and plasmodial DNA, digested with restriction endonucleases. This procedure should have revealed any restriction enzyme polymorphisms that might have existed between amoebae and plasmodia as a result of DNA rearrangements. However, no changes in DNA structure were observed between amoebae and plasmodia. The scope of this investigation is critically assessed. The methylation of cytosine residues has also been proposed as a means of controlling gene expression in eukaryotes. The available amoebal- and plasmodial-specific cDNAs were used therefore to probe Southern blots of amoebal and plasmodial DNA digested with methylation sensitive and insensitive restriction enzymes, in order to examine the methylation patterns of DNA from the two forms. For all phase-specific genes tested, the patterns in amoebae and plasmodia were identical, suggesting that no changes had occurred. Again, the scope of this investigation is assessed, and the possibility of a more extensive search for putative DNA rearrangements or changes in methylation pattern is mooted. To study closely the structure of three plasmodial-specific genes, attempts were made to clone regions of Physarum genomic DNA containing these sequences. It was not possible to isolate positive clones in any useful quantity. The probable reasons for the difficulties encountered are discussed.

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Wadaan, Mohammad A. M. « Genetic and cellular studies of apogamic plasmodium development in Physarum polycephalum ». Thesis, University of Sheffield, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.391038.

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Picard, Isabelle. « Nouvelle approche therapeutique antipaludique : peptides inhibant la reinvasion des erythrocytes par les merozoites de plasmodia ». Orléans, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988ORLE2034.

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Isolement d'une cysteine proteinase de p. Falciparum et elaboration, a l'aide de substrats specifiques, d'inhibiteurs irreversibles et reversibles de cette enzyme. Determination in vitro de l'activite antipaludique de ces inhibiteurs peptidiques ainsi que des prodrogues

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Livres sur le sujet "Plasmoidi"

Kreier, Julius P. Parasitic Protozoa : Babesia and Plasmodia. Elsevier Science & Technology Books, 2012.

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Bychkov, Vladimir, Gennady Golubkov et Anatoly Nikitin. Atmosphere and Ionosphere : Elementary Processes, Discharges and Plasmoids. Springer London, Limited, 2012.

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The Atmosphere And Ionosphere Elementary Processes Discharges And Plasmoids. Springer, 2012.

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Bychkov, Vladimir, Gennady Golubkov et Anatoly Nikitin. The Atmosphere and Ionosphere : Elementary Processes, Discharges and Plasmoids. Springer, 2015.

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Momoh, Rekiyatu, Helen Ileigo Inabo et Muhammad Sani Aliyu. Prevalenza di infezioni da PLASMODIO e Geoelminto. Edizioni Sapienza, 2020.

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Aso, Michitake. Rubber and the Making of Vietnam. University of North Carolina Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.5149/northcarolina/9781469637150.001.0001.

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How can a single tree species affect human projects on the scale of empires and nations? Rubber and the Making of Vietnam explores this question for the rubber tree in Vietnamese history. Dating back to the nineteenth-century transplantation of a latex-producing tree from the Amazon to Southeast Asia, rubber production has wrought monumental changes worldwide. During a turbulent Vietnamese past, rubber has transcended capitalism and socialism, colonization and decolonization, becoming a key commodity around which life and history have flowed. Synthesizing archival material in English, French, and Vietnamese, this book narrates how rubber trees came to dominate the material and symbolic landscape of French Indochina and postcolonial Vietnam, structuring the region’s environments of agriculture, health, and violence. Once established, private and state-run plantations became landscapes of oppression, resistance, and modernity. Agronomists, medical doctors, laborers, and leaders of independence movements form part of this narrative as they struggled over various visions of labor in nature and the nature of labor. Mosquitoes and plasmodia also play a part in this narrative as they helped spread malaria among Vietnamese who planted and tended rubber trees. Rather than a human-centered past, this book adopts an ecological perspective as it tells twentieth-century Vietnamese history starting with the view from a rubber tree and branching outwards in multiple directions. In other words, this book taps the rubber tree to examine the entanglements of nature, culture, and politics and demonstrates how the demand for rubber has impacted nearly a century of war and peace in Vietnamese society.

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Chapitres de livres sur le sujet "Plasmoidi"

Moynihan, Matthew, et Alfred B. Bortz. « Plasmoids ». Dans Fusion's Promise, 153–74. Cham : Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-22906-0_7.

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Scholer, M., et R. F. Lottermoser. « Hybrid Simulations of Magnetotail Reconnection : Plasmoids, the Post-Plasmoid Plasma Sheet, and Slow Mode Shocks ». Dans Substorms-4, 467–72. Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-4798-9_97.

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Magara, T., K. Shibata et T. Yokoyama. « Plasmoid Formation in Eruptive Flares ». Dans Astrophysics and Space Science Library, 173–74. Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-5220-4_28.

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Zong, Q. G., B. Wilken, J. Woch, T. Doke et S. Kokubun. « Plasmoid Boundary Layer : Geotail Observations ». Dans Substorms-4, 715–18. Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-4798-9_149.

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Klimov, A. I. « Vortex Plasmoids Created by High-Frequency Discharges ». Dans The Atmosphere and Ionosphere, 251–73. Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-2914-8_6.

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Rubtsov, Vladimir. « From Comet to Plasmoid to Mirror Matter ». Dans Astronomers' Universe, 239–70. New York, NY : Springer New York, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-76574-7_10.

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Whetzel, Patricia L., Shailesh V. Date, Kobby Essien, Martin J. Fraunholz, Bindu Gajria, Gregory R. Grant, John Iodice et al. « PlasmoDB : The Plasmodium Genome Resource ». Dans Molecular Approaches to Malaria, 12–23. Washington, DC, USA : ASM Press, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/9781555817558.ch2.

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Moldwin, Mark B., et W. J. Hughes. « A 2½-dimensional magnetic field model of plasmoids ». Dans Physics of Magnetic Flux Ropes, 663–68. Washington, D. C. : American Geophysical Union, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/gm058p0663.

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Hesse, Michael, et Joachim Birn. « Progress in the Study of Three-Dimensional Plasmoids ». Dans Geophysical Monograph Series, 55–70. Washington, D. C. : American Geophysical Union, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/gm062p0055.

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Suzuki, Y., T. H. Watanabe, A. Kageyama, T. Sato et T. Hayashi. « Three-Dimensional Simulation Study of Plasmoid Injection into Magnetized Plasma ». Dans The Hot Universe, 209–10. Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-4970-9_49.

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Actes de conférences sur le sujet "Plasmoidi"

Kadish, A., R. A. Nebel, W. R. Shanahan et P. Rosenau. « Plasmoids For Exoatmospheric Propagation ». Dans 1988 Los Angeles Symposium--O-E/LASE '88, sous la direction de Norman Rostoker. SPIE, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.965106.

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Bourque, Robert F., Paul B. Parks et Dan R. Baker. « Pulsed plasmoid electric thruster ». Dans Proceedings of the eighth symposium on space nuclear power systems. American Institute of Physics, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.40152.

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Bychkov, Vladimir, Nadezhda Savenkova et Sergey Ampilov. « Gatchina Discharge Plasmoid Modeling ». Dans 51st AIAA Aerospace Sciences Meeting including the New Horizons Forum and Aerospace Exposition. Reston, Virigina : American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.2514/6.2013-929.

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Kiuttu, G. F., et R. J. Adler. « Nonneutral Plasmoid Generation And Propagation ». Dans 1988 Los Angeles Symposium--O-E/LASE '88, sous la direction de Norman Rostoker. SPIE, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.965103.

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Slough, John, et George Votroubek. « Magnetically Accelerated Plasmoid (MAP) Propulsion ». Dans 42nd AIAA/ASME/SAE/ASEE Joint Propulsion Conference & Exhibit. Reston, Virigina : American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.2514/6.2006-4654.

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Popov, G., M. Orlov, N. Antropov, L. Gomilka, G. Diakonov, I. Krivonosov, G. Popov et al. « Parameters of plasmoids injected by PPT ». Dans 33rd Joint Propulsion Conference and Exhibit. Reston, Virigina : American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.2514/6.1997-2921.

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Nardi, V., C. Powell, J. Wang et L. Schneider. « Plasmoid structure from MeV ion imaging ». Dans International Conference on Plasma Sciences (ICOPS). IEEE, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/plasma.1993.593520.

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Sloan, M. L. « Examination Of Aspects Of Plasmoid Propagation ». Dans 1988 Los Angeles Symposium--O-E/LASE '88, sous la direction de Norman Rostoker. SPIE, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.965107.

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Koelfgen, Syri, Clark Hawk, Richard Eskridge, Michael Lee, Adam Martin et James Smith. « A Plasmoid Thruster for Space Propulsion ». Dans 39th AIAA/ASME/SAE/ASEE Joint Propulsion Conference and Exhibit. Reston, Virigina : American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.2514/6.2003-4992.

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Christie, Ian, Maria Petropoulou, Lorenzo Sironi et Dimitrios Giannios. « Blazar Variability from Plasmoids in Relativistic Reconnection ». Dans 7th International Fermi Symposium. Trieste, Italy : Sissa Medialab, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.22323/1.312.0040.

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Rapports d'organisations sur le sujet "Plasmoidi"

Samtaney, R., N. F. Loureiro, D. A. Uzdensky, A. A. Schekochihin et S. C. Cowley. Formation of Plasmoid Chains in Magnetic Reconnection. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), septembre 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/965277.

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Intrator, Thomas P. Magnetized shock studies for astrophysics using a plasmoid accelerator. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), août 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1090687.

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Campbell, M. M., R. M. Clark et M. A. Mostrom. Simulation and theory of radial equilibrium of plasmoid propagation. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), septembre 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/6607601.

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Brandenburg, John, Gary Warren et Richard Worl. The Theory and Simulation of Plasmoid Formation and Propagation. Fort Belvoir, VA : Defense Technical Information Center, janvier 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada222048.

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Loureiro, Nuno. Magnetic Reconnection in Strongly-Magnetized, Weakly-Collisional Plasmas : Onset, Turbulence, and Energy-Partition in 3D, Plasmoid-Dominated Regimes. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), janvier 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1842655.

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