Livres : « Posey County »

1

McConnell, Darlene. Posey County burials : Missions [sic] accomplished. Mount Vernon, Ind. (1312 Cardinal Dr., Mount Vernon 47620) : D.A. McConnell, 1985.

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McConnell, Darlene. Posey County, Indiana 1870 federal census. Mt. Vernon, IN (6628 Uebelhack Rd., Mt. Vernon 47620) : Windmill Publications, 1994.

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3

McConnell, Darlene. Posey County, Indiana : 1920 U.S. census index. Mt. Vernon, IN (6628 Uebelhack Rd., Mt. Vernoan 47620) : Windmill Publications, 1996.

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4

Posey County, Indiana, 1814-1989 : 175th anniversary history. Paducah, Ky : Turner Pub., 1989.

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5

McConnell, Darlene. Letters of administration filed in Posey County, Indiana. Mt. Vernon, IN (6628 Uebelhack Rd., Mt. Vernon 47620 : Windmill Publications, 1996.

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6

Epley, John William. The Wilsons of Posey County, Indiana and allied families. Plymouth, Ind : J.W. Epley, 1999.

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Epley, John William. The Wilsons of Posey County, Indiana and allied families. Plymouth, Ind : J.W. Epley, 1999.

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8

Biddlecome, Baker Pearl, dir. Posey, the last Indian war. Layton, Utah : Gibbs Smith, 2007.

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9

Barrett, Lela M. Thirteenth census of the United States, state of Indiana, Posey County, 1910. [Indiana] : L.M. Barrett, 1990.

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10

Gilly, Schinkel, Catel : Das Landschloss Owinsk bei Posen = Pałac w Owińskach koło Poznania. Berlin : Deutscher Kunstverlag, 2011.

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11

Vaughan, Harold A. East of Posey : The spoken memoirs of Harold A. Vaughan & his early life in the rural South (1920-1950). Indianapolis, IN : Dog Ear Publishing, 2013.

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12

Vaught, Harlan A. East of Posey : The spoken memoirs of Harlan A. Vaught & his early life in the rural South (1920-1950). Indianapolis, IN : Dog Ear Publishing, 2013.

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13

E, Bishop Charles. Wetlands in the Farmington Bay Area, Davis County, Utah : An evaluation of threats posed by ground-water development and drought. Salt Lake City, Utah : Utah Geological Survey, 2009.

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14

Yidana, Sandow M. Wetlands in northern Salt Lake Valley, Salt Lake County, Utah : An evaluation of threats posed by ground-water development and drought. Salt Lake City, Utah : Utah Geological Survey, 2010.

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15

Lacy, Steve, et Pearl Baker. Posey. Gibbs Smith, Publisher, 2007.

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Posey County Interim Report (Indiana Historic Sites and Structures Inventory). Historic Landmarks Foundation, 2004.

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Posey, the last Indian war. Gibbs Smith, 2007.

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18

Posey County Indiana Historical Soc et St John Jennifer. Posey County Indiana One Hundred Seventy Fifth Anniversary 1814-1989 : 175th Anniversary History. Turner Pub Co, 1989.

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19

T, Wilson John, Indiana. Dept. of Transportation. et Geological Survey (U.S.), dir. Modified level II streambed-scour analysis for structure I-64-11-5202 crossing Flat Run Ditch in Posey County, Indiana. Indianapolis, Ind : U.S. Dept. of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey, 1997.

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20

T, Wilson John, Indiana. Dept. of Transportation. et Geological Survey (U.S.), dir. Modified level II streambed-scour analysis for structure I-64-11-5202 crossing Flat Run Ditch in Posey County, Indiana. Indianapolis, Ind : U.S. Dept. of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey, 1997.

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21

(Creator), Art Clokey, dir. Pokey Counts. Chronicle Books, 2000.

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22

Shiffrin, Seana Valentine. Lying and Freedom of Speech. Princeton University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.23943/princeton/9780691157023.003.0005.

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This chapter examines whether a strong commitment to freedom of speech precludes regulation of lies. The strong condemnation of lies and the derivation of freedom of speech from similar argumentative foundations raise questions about the legal regulation of lies. Many commentators, as well as a majority of the Justices of the Supreme Court, insist that freedom of speech may pose a general and fundamental obstacle to the legal regulation of lies as such. The chapter rejects this position, arguing that legal regulation of lying poses no intrinsic threat to freedom of speech. It considers deliberately advanced misrepresentations of the speakers' beliefs, focusing on the Supreme Court ruling in United States v. Alvarez which invalidated the Stolen Valor Act. It also discusses issues relating to content-discrimination, compelled disclosure, self-definition and identity, sincerity and personal integrity, and how lying causes particularized harm to victims.

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O'Donnell, Ian. Extraordinary Courts. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198798477.003.0005.

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While governments attributed the retention of capital punishment to the threat posed by the IRA, simultaneously they railed at the ineffectiveness of the ordinary courts. The jury had long been vulnerable to outside influences, whether this involved its packing with members supportive of the authorities or its intimidation by subversive elements. A complicating factor, especially in political crimes, was sympathy for perpetrators which could translate into a reluctance to convict. Sometimes the state dispensed with judges and juries and set up special tribunals, staffed initially by army officers, to ensure that prosecutions were secured, and enemies dispatched. The work of these extraordinary courts—the military courts, the Special Criminal Court, and the Special Powers Tribunal—is the focus of this chapter. The role of Seán MacBride and the cases of Seán McCaughey, George Plant, and Patrick McGrath, among others, are discussed.

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van Aaken, Anne, et Iulia Motoc, dir. The European Convention on Human Rights and General International Law. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198830009.001.0001.

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The European Court of Human Rights is one of the main players in interpreting international human rights law where issues of general international law arise. While developing its own jurisprudence for the protection of human rights in the European context, it remains embedded in the developments of general international law. But the Court does not always follow general international law closely and develops its own doctrines. Its decisions are influential for national courts as well as other international courts and tribunals, thereby, at times, influencing general international law. There is thus a feedback loop of influence. This book explores the interaction, including the problems arising in the context of human rights, between the European Convention on Human Rights and general international law. It contributes to the ongoing debate on fragmentation and convergence of International Law from the perspective of international judges as well as academics. Some of the chapters suggest reconciling methods and convergence while others stress the danger of fragmentation. The focus is on specific topics which have posed special problems, namely sources, interpretation, jurisdiction, state responsibility, and immunity.

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Wetlands in northern Salt Lake Valley, Salt Lake County, Utah-an evaluation of threats posed by ground-water development and drought. Utah Geological Survey, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.34191/ri-268.

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Lev, Yaacov. The Administration of Justice in Medieval Egypt. Edinburgh University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/edinburgh/9781474459235.001.0001.

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This book discusses how justice was administrated and applied in medieval Egypt. The model that evolved during the early middle ages involved four judicial institutions: the cadi, the court of complaints (mazalim), the police (shurta), responsible for criminal justice, and the Islamised market law (hisba), administrated by the market supervisor (the muhtasib). Literary and non-literary sources are used to highlight how these institutions worked in real-time situations such as the famine of 1024-1025, which posed tremendous challenges to both the market supervisor and the ruling establishment. The inner workings of the court of complaint during the Fatimid period (10^th-12^th century) are also extensively discussed. The discussion is extended to include the way the courts of non-Muslim communities were perceived and functioned during the Fatimid period. The discussion also provides insights into the scope of non-Muslim self-rule/judicial autonomy in medieval Islam.

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Westney, D. Eleanor. Japan. Sous la direction de Alan M. Rugman. Oxford University Press, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199234257.003.0022.

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Japanese MNEs are arguably the most studied population of MNEs next to those from the United States, and in some aspects — particularly the extent to which home country practices and systems are carried across borders — they have been more exhaustively analysed than those from any other country. Summarizing this extensive literature poses a formidable challenge. This article tries to accomplish three things. First, it provides an overview of the scope, timing, and destination of Japanese foreign direct investment (FDI) — three of the fundamental topics of interest in international business — in order to supply a basic map of when and where Japanese companies extended their operations abroad. Second, it takes the research on Japanese MNEs conducted in the 1970s as a benchmark to examine their evolution over time. Finally, it briefly looks at Japan as a host country for foreign multinationals.

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Lenhard, Johannes. Computer Simulation. Sous la direction de Paul Humphreys. Oxford University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199368815.013.42.

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This article interprets computer simulation modeling as a new type of mathematical modeling that comprises a number of interdependent components, among them experimentation, visualization, and adaptability. Furthermore, it is argued, simulation modeling can be characterized as a particular style of reasoning, namely a combinatorial style, that assembles and balances elements from different other styles. Two examples are discussed that exemplify the transformative force of this style: what counts as “understanding phenomena” and what counts as a “solution.” Both are seminal pieces of traditional mathematical modeling and both are transformed, if not inverted, in simulation modeling. Finally, some challenges are considered that computer simulations pose for philosophy of science.

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Labat, Patricio Grané, et Naomi Burke. The Protection of Diplomatic Correspondence in the Digital Age. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198795940.003.0013.

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This chapter considers the impact of new technology on compliance with obligations under the VCDR. It focuses on the provisions of the VCDR that establish the inviolability of diplomatic archives and correspondence and considers the challenges posed by technology that was not available at the time of the drafting of that treaty but which is now commonplace. It evaluates the ever-present risk of unauthorized digital access to diplomatic correspondence and archives, including by non-State actors (eg WikiLeaks), and examines whether the framework of the VCDR is still adequate to deal with those challenges. The chapter also addresses the submission of protected information obtained in violation of the VCDR as evidence in proceedings before international tribunals, including the International Court of Justice (ICJ). The chapter analyses the admissibility of that evidence and offers answers on how international courts should deal with that information.

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Fitelson, Branden. Closure, Counter-Closure, and Inferential Knowledge. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198724551.003.0019.

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The chapter begins with some general remarks about closure and counter-closure, and is followed with a discussion of the following: I (a) review some (alleged) counterexamples to counter-closure, I then continue by (b) discussing a popular strategy for responding to such counterexamples to counter-closure, and finally I (c) pose a dilemma for this popular strategy. Once I have discussed these three points I conclude the chapter by proposing that we reject counter-closure, but at the same time that we accept an epistemological package that includes closure and another intuitively plausible principle with regards to the psychology and epistemology of deductive inference.

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Glaser, Henning, Bartosz Makowicz et Miroslaw Wyrzykowski, dir. Die Grundwerte- und Grundrechtsordnung in Polen und Deutschland | System podstawowych wartosci i praw w Niemczech i w Polsce. Nomos Verlagsgesellschaft mbH & Co. KG, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.5771/9783845245522.

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This book, which conducts a comparative analysis of constitutions and consists of two main parts, focuses on the basic constitutional laws in Poland and Germany. The first part contains an extensive study of the aforementioned laws in both countries, their significance in terms of the actual constitutions of those countries and their historical, cultural and political foundations in the context of European public law. The second part presents a series of individual theoretical and practice-oriented studies, including ten contributions by former and current judges at both Poland’s and Germany’s constitutional courts and the European Court of Justice. The main subjects these essays address are the challenges to the basic constitutional laws currently posed by the friction between freedom and security, the European dimension of fundamental rights protection and the situation relating to fundamental rights in a globalised world. This bilingual anthology offers its readers in-depth and multifaceted analyses of the basic constitutional laws in Poland and Germany, plus extensive comparative legal references.

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High, Mette M. Fear and Fortune. Cornell University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.7591/cornell/9781501707544.001.0001.

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Mongolia over the last decade has seen a substantial and ongoing gold rush. The wide-spread mining of gold looks at first glance to be a blessing for a desperately poor and largely pastoralist country. Volatility and uncertainty as well as political and economic turmoil led many people to join the hopeful search for gold. This activity poses an intense moral problem; in the “land of dust,” disturbing the ground and extracting the precious metal is widely believed to have calamitous consequences. With gold retaining strong ties to the landscape and its many spirit beings, the fortune of the precious metal is inseparable from the fears that surround mining. This book considers the results of several years of fieldwork in Mongolia, time spent with the “ninjas,” as the miners are known locally, as well as the people who disapprove of their illegal activities and warn of the retribution that the land and its inhabitants may suffer as a result. As such, the book is a well-structured read on the Mongolian gold rush and the spirit forces that underpin it. It provides a uniquely up-close and personal view onto gold mining and its international circuitry, based on a sensitive study of Mongolian sociality, miners, religious knowledge and practice, and ways of envisioning and experiencing what counts as “value” in the Mongolian gold rush today.

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Egreteau, Renaud. Enduring Burmese Realities. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780190620967.003.0007.

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This chapter seeks to provide a realistic assessment of the other long-term challenges that continue to plague Myanmar. While many are not necessarily hindering democratization, all pose considerable threats to the stability of the country and the long-term process of national reconciliation. Prominent among them is the multifaceted political and social clientelisms that are entrenched in Burmese society. Such is the case for the oligarchical structuration and weaknesses of the national economy, as well as Myanmar’s peculiar geography. This chapter looks at why the country cannot avoid considering the impact that its geopolitical situation has long imposed on its domestic developments. Myanmar’s position at the crossroads of India and China, where politics remains volatile and democratic consolidation is an endlessly moving target, may provide the military with incentives to remain involved in politics.

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Green, S. J. D. Religion and the Churches. Sous la direction de David Brown, Gordon Pentland et Robert Crowcroft. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780198714897.013.30.

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This chapter explores the role of religion and the churches in British political life since 1800. It argues that during this period the British state gradually attempted to remove religious dispute from public life, and yet frequently failed to do so. The chapter examines a series of political problems posed by questions of religion and the churches, including nineteenth-century Ireland, the proliferation of diverse varieties of Christianity throughout the United Kingdom, the connections between religion and the political parties, and the challenges of secularization. It concludes that, even in a mostly secular country, British politics continues to be haunted by religion.

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Avbelj, Matej. Pluralism and Systemic Defiance in the EU. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198746560.003.0004.

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This chapter aims to shed light on systemic defiance from a pluralist perspective. It first explains what is meant by pluralism here and what normative advantages are expected to flow from it. Secondly, the chapter outlines a pluralist take on the EU. This then flows into an examination of what counts as systemic defiance in a pluralist constellation and what special challenges the latter poses to the identification and remedying mechanisms. By way of conclusion, the chapter addresses the question of the extent to which pluralism is at all a viable theoretical framework for addressing the challenges of systemic defiance in the EU.

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Liang, Xiaodon. Curbing Illicit Financial Flows. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198805373.003.0013.

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Illicit financial flows (IFFs) drain state finances and economic vitality, with disproportionate impact on developing economies. IFFs—including money laundering, tax evasion, and tax avoidance—pose a transnational problem addressed so far through international regimes of coordination and cooperation. But meaningful reductions in IFFs require addressing the root of the problem: information asymmetries. Developed nations and tax havens know where money is hidden and profits are made, while developing nations do not. Since the international system of global finance creates the incentive structure and permissive environment for illicit flows, it is at this level that states must focus their policy-making attention. New information-sharing mechanisms, such as automatic exchange of tax information and public country-by-country tax reporting, can level the playing field and enable lower-income states to effectively address the IFF problem.

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Boje, John. Conclusion. University of Illinois Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.5406/illinois/9780252039560.003.0009.

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This book concludes with a discussion of three critical variables that determine the success of any military occupation and whether they were all met in the case of Winsburg after the end of the South African War: the total devastation of a country that compels it to acknowledge its need for help in reconstruction; the perception of a common threat to both parties; and credible guarantees of the occupying power’s intention to withdraw. If an occupying power adds an ideological element to its primary concern of establishing a dispensation that poses no threat to its interests, occupation is prolonged and nationalism is stimulated. This conclusion also shows that blacks continued to suffer after the war, with the Boers and British both blocking any suggestion of advance. Finally, it considers the evolution of a system of racial oppression in South Africa that was to bedevil the country for much of the twentieth century, lending credence to the notion that Britain’s occupation of Winsburg was an imperfect one.

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Allen, Robert C. 5. Reform and democracy. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/actrade/9780198706786.003.0005.

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The Industrial Revolution created social tensions and posed practical problems that shaped the politics of the period, affecting much of social and cultural life. Most commentators analysed society in terms of the three-class model anchored in the economics of Adam Smith. The three-class model provides insight into the politics of the Industrial Revolution. ‘Reform and democracy’ looks at key events that resulted in the evolution of a pre-industrial England, where economic life was conducted in a legal framework handed down from the medieval and Elizabethan periods, to the country at the end of the Industrial Revolution. These include the French Revolution, the Napoleonic wars, and the Reform Bill of 1832.

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Sergey, Vasiliev. Part V Fairness and Expeditiousness of ICC Proceedings, 45 Victim Participation Revisited—What the ICC is Learning about Itself. Oxford University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/law/9780198705161.003.0045.

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The Chapter examines key turns in ICC jurisprudence in the area of victim participation. The model of victim participation under the Statute poses challenges in terms of effectiveness and sustainability, and victim participation has also emerged as a governance issue and a matter of concern for the ASP. This Chapter analyses hurdles faced by the Court in implementing victim participation (e.g. application, participation at trial, and representation). It argues that the Court deserves praise for developing creative solutions to balance ‘meaningful’ and ‘sustainable’ participation, and claims that the ICC should rediscover itself as a retributive court and free itself from the ‘restorative complex’. Meaningful participation essentially means one aligned with the Court’s core mandate and functions of criminal process (i.e. the determination of truth) and requires emphasis on collective forms of application, participation, and representation.

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Reveron, Derek S., Nikolas K. Gvosdev et John A. Cloud. Introduction. Sous la direction de Derek S. Reveron, Nikolas K. Gvosdev et John A. Cloud. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780190680015.013.1.

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“National security” is one of the most ubiquitous terms in use in politics today—the catch-all justification for all sorts of actions taken by governments (and often the easiest way to justify budget requests). When the term first began to enter general use, it was often understood in terms of protecting a country against internal subversion and external military attack, but over time its definition has expanded to cover anything that poses a threat to a country’s ability to wield the tools of statecraft or that compromises the security and freedoms of its citizenry. In the twenty-first century, it is generally accepted that, alongside military matters, national security must encompass other concerns, including economic, climate, energy, and cyber issues.

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Capussela, Andrea Lorenzo. Conclusions. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198796992.003.0010.

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The main conclusions of the book are four. Without the credible prospect of an equilibrium shift even well-designed reforms of Italy’s political or economic institutions are likely to yield limited results, because they shall be undermined by the constraints posed by the extant equilibrium. The country’s political and economic elites are unlikely to be either willing or able to promote an equilibrium shift, however, by reason of those same constraints. Two consequences follow. First, absent an external shock the country is likely to remain on the extant equilibrium for as long as its material and moral consequences shall be tolerable. Second, a strategy to reverse Italy’s decline should focus on the variable that is freer from the grip of that equilibrium, namely ideas.

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Lim, Edna. Celluloid Singapore. Edinburgh University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/edinburgh/9781474402880.001.0001.

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Celluloid Singapore is not about Singapore cinema per se, or Singapore, but both. It is a ground-breaking study of the three major periods in Singapore cinema’s fragmented history – the golden age (50s and 60s), post-studio 70s and revival from the 1990s onwards. Set against the context of Singapore’s own trajectory of development, the book poses two central questions: how can the films of each period be considered Singapore films, and how is this cinema specifically national? Celluloid Singapore argues that the films of these three periods collectively constitute a national cinema through different performances of Singapore, offering a critical framework for understanding this cinema and its history in relation to the development of the country and the national.

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Stine, Jeffrey. Public History and the Environment. Sous la direction de Paula Hamilton et James B. Gardner. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199766024.013.10.

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The fields of public history and environmental history emerged independently as professional pursuits during the 1970s. Over time, their practitioners found common ground within problems related to the built and natural environment. Spurred by challenges posed by globalization and climate change, public environmental historians increasingly embraced a transnational perspective. The broad range and scope of public environmental history reflect the diversity of the field’s patrons (including government agencies, courts of law, and cultural and scientific institutions) and the spectrum of concerns associated with society’s interactions with the biophysical world, including pollution, loss of biodiversity, overpopulation, water scarcity, food security, and sustainability.

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Delmas-Marty, Mireille. The ICC as a Work in Progress, for a World in Process. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190272654.003.0014.

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The terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001, this chapter observes, gave rise to a dédoublement du droit pénal, or division of criminal law. A ‘criminal law of the inhuman, which speaks to the call of universalism’, confronted ‘a criminal law of the enemy, which assumes that each state can wage war against terrorism as it pleases’, and poses a threat to peace. The chapter urges reinforcement of the former—and with it, humanism—through reinforcement of a ‘work in progress’ that began operations in 2002, when the International Criminal Court began operations.

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Fielding, Nigel G. Does Training Produce Professional Policing ? Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198817475.003.0007.

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The chapter uses contemporary policing problems and challenges to evaluate how well training prepares recruits, auxiliaries, detectives, and managers for the police role. It reviews patterns of police corruption, misconduct and complaints against officers and considers whether, and how well, training helps police forces counter such problems. It also notes instances of positive responses to failures of service delivery. The discussion moves on to examine the challenge that diversity poses for the police, both at a cultural level and in respect of the specific experience of female officers, ethnic minority officers, and officers with alternative sexual orientations. The lessons of sickness, stress and injury on duty are considered in relation to how effectively training and supervision helps counter these. A discussion of public confidence and trust is used to address the concept of police legitimacy and to place it in relation to the acquisition of professional competence.

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Belsey, Catherine. The Question of Hamlet. Sous la direction de Michael Neill et David Schalkwyk. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780198724193.013.24.

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‘The Question of Hamlet’ examines some of the puzzling issues in one of Shakespeare’s most familiar plays. Hamlet’s durability owes something to the questions the play raises without always resolving them. Can a Ghost be trusted? Is revenge the nobler course? Where does conscience stand? What does filial passion dictate? Is violence the best way to counter violence? Criticism evades the challenge of engaging with these problems when, eager to find an easy way of mastering a puzzling play, it shifts the focus to the prince’s character. A less psychological, more theatrical Hamlet, on the other hand, confronts its audience with the question it poses: what ought Hamlet to do?

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Egreteau, Renaud. The Broadening of Sociopolitical Spaces. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780190620967.003.0003.

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This chapter analyzes the patterns of the sudden opening-up of Myanmar’s political, social and economic space in the early 2010s. It shows how the environment that emerged under Thein Sein’s semi-civilian presidency (2011-2016) appears to have nurtured an unprecedented level of optimism both at home and abroad. Civilian opposition has been allowed, dissent is relatively tolerated and civil society has increased. Censorship has been considerably eased and progressive legislation has been prepared. At the same time, new forms of radicalism and contentious politics have (re)surfaced in the country, benefiting from the relaxation of the military and state control. All pose new challenges to Myanmar’s social cohesion and its prospects for peaceful democratization, as well as to the transition as it was initially “pacted”.

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Lavelle, Kathryn C. Sovereign Wealth Funds and Foreign Policy. Sous la direction de Douglas Cumming, Geoffrey Wood, Igor Filatotchev et Juliane Reinecke. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780198754800.013.26.

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This chapter examines the questions that sovereign wealth funds (SWFs) pose for analysts of foreign policy insofar as their operating preferences could be either geostrategic, and seek to advance the interests of the home state, or economic, and seek to maximize profits. To sort through the related issues, the chapter considers “home” and “host” country issues with respect to the democratic features attached to each. It thus offers insight into the strengths and weaknesses of various foreign policy arguments that have been offered in the existing literature. Next, the chapter offers observations on attempts to coordinate the behavior of SWFs at the international level, chiefly the Santiago Principles. It concludes with the relationship between pooled investment vehicles and state power in foreign affairs.

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Mohammad Qasim, Hashimzai. Part 5 Emerging Constitutions in Islamic Countries, 5.9 The Separation of Powers and the Problem of Constitutional Interpretation in Afghanistan. Oxford University Press, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acprof:osobl/9780199759880.003.0035.

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This chapter examines constitution-building in Afghanistan. It discusses the constitutional history of Afghanistan (1923–2001); the creation of the New Constitution (2001–2004); the separation of powers in the Afghan Constitution; other important features of the constitution of 2004; and the problem of constitutional interpretation. It concludes that while the Afghan Constitution of 2004 is among the most progressive and modern in the Islamic world, the interpretation of the constitution poses considerable difficulties. Apparent contradictions between Islamic and secular laws must be resolved, and the separation of powers between the government, the National Assembly, and the Supreme Court must be clarified.

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Henning, C. Randall. Greece 2012 and Cyprus 2013. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198801801.003.0010.

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Greece posed the greatest challenge among the program countries, while Cyprus, linked to Greece through the banking system and debt restructuring, was the smallest of the country programs. The second Greek program was accompanied by substantial debt relief, but the process of granting it exposed sharp disagreements within the regime complex for crisis finance. The IMF and some euro-area member states advocated private-sector involvement, but split on the sustainability of the remaining official claims on Greece, with the Fund using its debt sustainability analysis as leverage. The case of Cyprus demonstrates that the IMF can be influential even if it contributes a relatively small share of the financing, when it is backed by key creditor states. In both cases, despite substantive conflict, key European creditors adhered faithfully to including the IMF and mediated among the institutions when they became deadlocked.

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