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Littérature scientifique sur le sujet « Programme national riz (Congo) »

Auteur : Grafiati

Publié le 4 juin 2021

Mis à jour le 18 février 2022

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Articles de revues sur le sujet "Programme national riz (Congo)"

Sorketti, Ehab Ali. « Sudan's national mental health programme and burden of mental illness ». International Psychiatry 6, n^o 1 (janvier 2009) : 16–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/s1749367600000254.

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Sudan occupies 2 500 000 km2 in East Africa. It has borders with nine countries, two of which are Arab: Egypt, Libya, Kenya, Uganda, Congo, Chad, the Central African Republic, Ethiopia and Eritrea. Sudan is the largest country in Africa. The heart of the country, in terms of population, lies at the confluence of the Blue and White Niles. The complex of the ‘three towns', comprising the three largest cities, Khartoum, Khartoum North and Omdurman, is situated there and contains almost 20% of the population. The total population of Sudan is about 35.4 million (projected from the 2005 census). The urban population was estimated at 33% of the total. About 2.2 million are still entirely nomadic. Sudan's peoples are as diverse as its geography. There are 19 major ethnic groups and 597 subgroups.

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Lukamba-Muhiya, J. M., et E. Uken. « The electricity supply industry in the Democratic Republic of the Congo ». Journal of Energy in Southern Africa 17, n^o 3 (1 août 2006) : 21–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.17159/2413-3051/2006/v17i3a3261.

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The electricity supply industry of the Democratic Republic of Congo is reviewed, from the formation of the Societé National d’Electricité (SNEL) in 1970 until today. The DRC government established a national utility, because electricity is a key element in the socio -economic development of a country. Due to the national monopoly of SNEL, hydropower plants could be constructed such as Inga1 and Inga2. They supply power to mining in the Katanga province, and to a steel company in Maluku, not far from Kinshasa. Currently, Inga1 and Inga 2 are not operating at full capacity. Many hydropower and thermal plants are located in different provinces and need to be refurbished to increase their capacity of electricity for the DRC. Due to technical problems, SNEL only generates 1150 MW. The electrification programme in urban and rural areas across the DRC caters for less than 10% of the 60 million inhabitants. In 1980, the government implemented a policy called Plan Directeur de SNEL for electrification, but the policies never reached their objectives. No Energy White Paper exists which outlines the entire policy framework for energy supply and demand. Power sector reform has also not been implemented in the electricity sector. This paper outlines future government options in the electricity sector. Accordingly, the Public Private Partnership model could play a major role in attracting private partners to invest in the electricity sector in order to have different hydropower and thermal plants refurbished.

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Okemba-Okombi, F. H., A. Itoua, E. L. P. Bemba, J. Ndion Gandzien, B. Ossibi Ibara, K. B. Ossalé Abacka, R. G. Bopaka et M. Illoye-Ayet. « Analyse du rapport du Programme national de lutte contre la tuberculose (PNLT-Congo) sur la co-infection tuberculose/VIH ». Revue des Maladies Respiratoires 32 (janvier 2015) : A211. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rmr.2014.10.308.

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Abomo, P., E. M. Miaka, S. J. Crossman et A. Hope. « Demonstrating the sustainability of capacity strengthening amidst COVID-19 ». International Health 13, n^o 5 (16 février 2021) : 480–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/inthealth/ihab004.

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Abstract The global disruptions caused by the coronavirus disease 2019 crisis posed a threat to the momentum the vector control team at the Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine (LSTM) and the Programme National de Lutte contre la Tryaponosomiase Humaine Africaine (PNLTHA) had built in their efforts to control tsetse fly populations in the Democratic Republic of Congo. But despite the pandemic and global lockdown, field activities did continue and the same impressive results in tsetse fly reduction were observed and the team followed this by completing a round of ‘tiny target’ deployment without any external presence. Such a success was possible due to the investment in vector control capacity strengthening undertaken by the LSTM and PNLTHA.

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Le Gargasson, Jean-Bernard, J. Gabrielle Breugelmans, Benoît Mibulumukini, Alfred Da Silva et Anaïs Colombini. « Sustainability of National Immunization Programme (NIP) performance and financing following Global Alliance for Vaccines and Immunization (GAVI) support to the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC) ». Vaccine 31, n^o 15 (avril 2013) : 1886–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.vaccine.2013.02.024.

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Moudachirou, R., G. Van Cutsem, R. I. Chuy, H. Tweya, M. Senkoro, M. Mabhala et M. Zolfo. « Retention and sustained viral suppression in HIV patients transferred to community refill centres in Kinshasa, DRC ». Public Health Action 10, n^o 1 (21 mars 2020) : 33–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.5588/pha.19.0067.

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Setting: In 2010, Médecins Sans Frontières set up decentralised community antiretroviral therapy (ART) refill centres (“poste de distribution communautaire”, PODI) for the follow-up of stable human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) patients.Objective: To assess retention in care and sustained viral suppression after transfer to three main PODI in Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) (PODI Barumbu/Central, PODI Binza Ozone/West and PODI Masina I/East).Design: Retrospective cohort study using routine programme data for adult HIV patients transferred from Kabinda Hospital to PODIs between January 2015 and June 2017.Results: A total of 337 patients were transferred to PODIs: 306 (91%) were on ART for at least 12 months; 118 (39%) had a routine “12-month” viral load (VL) done, 93% (n = 110) of whom had a suppressed VL <1000 copies/ml. Median time from enrolment into PODI to 12-month routine VL was 14.6 months (IQR 12.2–20.8). Kaplan-Meier estimates of retention in care at 6, 12 and 18 months after enrolment into PODIs were respectively 96%, 92% and 88%.Conclusion: Retention in care and viral suppression among patients in PODI with VL results were better than patients in clinic care and national outcomes.

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Quattrochi, John Paul, Aidan Coville, Eric Mvukiyehe, Caleb Jeremie Dohou, Federica Esu, Byron Cohen, Yannick Lokaya Bokasola et Kevin Croke. « Effects of a community-driven water, sanitation and hygiene intervention on water and sanitation infrastructure, access, behaviour, and governance : a cluster-randomised controlled trial in rural Democratic Republic of Congo ». BMJ Global Health 6, n^o 5 (mai 2021) : e005030. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjgh-2021-005030.

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IntroductionInadequate water and sanitation is a central challenge in global health. Since 2008, the Democratic Republic of Congo government has implemented a national programme, Healthy Villages and Schools (Villages et Ecoles Assainis (VEA), with support from UNICEF, financed by UK’s Foreign, Commonwealth and Development Office.MethodsA cluster-level randomised controlled trial of VEA was implemented throughout 2019 across 332 rural villages, grouped into 50 treatment and 71 control clusters. Primary outcomes included time spent collecting water; quantity of water collected; prevalence of improved primary source of drinking water; and prevalence of improved primary defecation site. Secondary outcomes included child health, water governance, water satisfaction, handwashing practices, sanitation practices, financial cost of water, school attendance and water storage practices. All outcomes were self-reported. The primary analysis was on an intention-to-treat basis, using linear models. Outcomes were measured October–December 2019, median 5 months post-intervention.ResultsThe programme increased access to improved water sources by 33 percentage points (pp) (95% CI 22 to 45), to improved sanitation facilities by 26 pp (95% CI 14 to 37), and improved water governance by 1.3 SDs (95% CI 1.1 to 1.5), water satisfaction by 0.6 SD (95% CI 0.4 to 0.9), handwashing practices by 0.5 SD (95% CI 0.3 to 0.7) and sanitation practices by 0.3 SD (95% CI 0.1 to 0.4). There was no significant difference in financial cost of water, school attendance, child health or water storage practices.ConclusionVEA produced large increases in access to and satisfaction with water and sanitation services, in self-reported hygiene and sanitation behaviour, and in measures of water governance.Trial registration numberAEARCTR-0004648; American Economic Association RCT registry.

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Rodriguez, Daniela C., Abigail H. Neel, Yodi Mahendradhata, Wakgari Deressa, Eme Owoaje, Oluwaseun Akinyemi, Malabika Sarker et al. « The effects of polio eradication efforts on health systems : a cross-country analysis using the Develop–Distort Dilemma ». Health Policy and Planning 36, n^o 5 (21 avril 2021) : 707–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/heapol/czab044.

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Abstract Vertical disease control programmes have enormous potential to benefit or weaken health systems, and it is critical to understand how programmes’ design and implementation impact the health systems and communities in which they operate. We use the Develop–Distort Dilemma (DDD) framework to understand how the Global Polio Eradication Initiative (GPEI) distorted or developed local health systems. We include document review and 176 interviews with respondents at the global level and across seven focus countries (Afghanistan, Bangladesh, Democratic Republic of Congo, Ethiopia, India, Indonesia and Nigeria). We use DDD domains, contextual factors and transition planning to analyse interactions between the broader context, local health systems and the GPEI to identify changes. Our analysis confirms earlier research including improved health worker, laboratory and surveillance capacity, monitoring and accountability, and efforts to reach vulnerable populations, whereas distortions include shifting attention from routine health services and distorting local payment and incentives structures. New findings highlight how global-level governance structures evolved and affected national actors; issues of country ownership, including for data systems, where the polio programme is not indigenously financed; how expectations of success have affected implementation at programme and community level; and unresolved tensions around transition planning. The decoupling of polio eradication from routine immunization, in particular, plays an outsize role in these issues as it removed attention from system strengthening. In addition to drawing lessons from the GPEI experience for other efforts, we also reflect on the use of the DDD framework for assessing programmes and their system-level impacts. Future eradication efforts should be approached carefully, and new initiatives of any kind should leverage the existing health system while considering equity, inclusion and transition from the start.

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Lemey, Gwen, Ynke Larivière, Trésor Matuvanga Zola, Vivi Maketa, Junior Matangila, Patrick Mitashi, Peter Vermeiren et al. « Algorithm for the support of non-related (serious) adverse events in an Ebola vaccine trial in the Democratic Republic of the Congo ». BMJ Global Health 6, n^o 6 (juin 2021) : e005726. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjgh-2021-005726.

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Implementing an Ebola vaccine trial in a remote area in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC), and being confronted with a dysfunctional health care system and acute unmet health needs of participants, ethical considerations were made regarding the ancillary care obligations of the sponsor and researchers. Spurred by the occurrence of non-related (serious) adverse events (NR-SAEs), the Universities of Antwerp and Kinshasa jointly developed an algorithm, accompanied by an algorithm policy. The algorithm consists of a set of consecutive questions with binary response options, leading to structured, non-arbitrary and consistent support and management for each NR-SAE. It is the result of dialogue and collaboration between the sponsor (University of Antwerp) and the principal investigator (University of Kinshasa), consultation of literature, and input of research ethics and social sciences experts. The characteristics of the project and its budgetary framework were taken into account, as well as the local socioeconomic and healthcare situation. The algorithm and related policy have been approved by the relevant ethics committee (EC), so field implementation will begin when the study activities resume in November 2021. Lessons learnt will be shared with the relevant stakeholders within and outside DRC.If NR-SAEs are not covered by a functioning social welfare system, sponsors and researchers should develop a feasible, standardised and transparent approach to the provision of ancillary care. National legislation and contextualised requirements are therefore needed, particularly in low/middle-income countries, to guide researchers and sponsors in this process. Protocols, particularly of clinical trials conducted in areas with ‘access to care’ constraints, should include adequate ancillary care arrangements. Furthermore, it is essential that local ECs systematically require ancillary care provisions to enhance the well-being and protection of the rights of research participants. This project was funded by the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme, European Federation of Pharmaceutical Industries and Associations, and the Coalition for Epidemic Preparedness Innovations.

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Shantha, Jessica G., Ian Crozier, Colleen S. Kraft, Donald G. Grant, Augustine Goba, Brent R. Hayek, Caleb Hartley et al. « Implementation of the Ebola Virus Persistence in Ocular Tissues and Fluids (EVICT) study : Lessons learned for vision health systems strengthening in Sierra Leone ». PLOS ONE 16, n^o 7 (9 juillet 2021) : e0252905. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0252905.

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Background Following the West African Ebola virus disease (EVD) outbreak of 2013–2016 and more recent EVD outbreaks in the Democratic Republic of Congo, thousands of EVD survivors are at-risk for sequelae including uveitis, which can lead to unremitting inflammation and vision loss from cataract. Because of the known risk of Ebola virus persistence in ocular fluid and the need to provide vision-restorative, safe cataract surgery, the Ebola Virus Persistence in Ocular Tissues and Fluids (EVICT) Study was implemented in Sierra Leone. During implementation of this multi-national study, challenges included regulatory approvals, mobilization, community engagement, infection prevention and control, and collaboration between multiple disciplines. In this report, we address the multifacted approach to address these challenges and the impact of implementation science research to address an urgent clinical subspecialty need in an outbreak setting. Methodology/Principal findings Given the patient care need to develop a protocol to evaluate ocular fluid for Ebola virus RNA persistence prior to cataract surgery, as well as protocols to provide reassurance to ophthalmologists caring for EVD survivors with cataracts, the EVICT study was designed and implemented through the work of the Ministry of Health, Sierra Leone National Eye Programme, and international partnerships. The EVICT study showed that all 50 patients who underwent ocular fluid sampling at 19 and 34 months, respectively, tested negative for Ebola virus RNA. Thirty-four patients underwent successful cataract surgery with visual acuity improvement. Here we describe the methodology for study implementation, challenges encountered, and key issues that impacted EVD vision care in the immediate aftermath of the EVD outbreak. Key aspects of the EVICT study included defining the pertinent questions and clinical need, partnership alignment with key stakeholders, community engagement with EVD survivor associations, in-country and international regulatory approvals, study site design for infection prevention and control, and thorough plans for EVD survivor follow-up care and monitoring. Challenges encountered included patient mobilization owing to transportation routes and distance of patients in rural districts. Strong in-country partnerships and multiple international organizations overcame these challenges so that lessons learned could be applied for future EVD outbreaks in West and Central Africa including EVD outbreaks that are ongoing in Guinea and Democratic Republic of Congo. Conclusions/Significance The EVICT Study showed that cataract surgery with a protocol-driven approach was safe and vision-restorative for EVD survivors, which provided guidance for EVD ophthalmic surgical care. Ophthalmologic care remains a key aspect of the public health response for EVD outbreaks but requires a meticulous, yet partnered approach with international and local in-country partners. Future efforts may build on this framework for clinical care and to improve our understanding of ophthalmic sequelae, develop treatment paradigms for EVD survivors, and strengthen vision health systems in resource-limited settings.

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Thèses sur le sujet "Programme national riz (Congo)"

Ménard, Stéphanie. « La réintégration des filles associées aux forces et aux groupes armés en République démocratique du Congo ». Mémoire, 2011. http://www.archipel.uqam.ca/4361/1/M12301.pdf.

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Depuis près de vingt ans déjà, l'enjeu des enfants soldats se situe au cœur des préoccupations en matière de respect des droits de la personne. Pourtant, encore aujourd'hui, environ 300 000 enfants demeurent intégrés au sein des forces et des groupes armés de par le monde. Parmi ces enfants se trouvent de nombreuses filles, lesquelles restent pour la plupart dans l'ombre. L'intérêt de cette recherche réside dans l'analyse de la situation particulière des filles dans un contexte donné, soit celui de la République démocratique du Congo (RDC). Aux prises d'un conflit qui s'éternise, la RDC compte de nombreux enfants soldats, parmi lesquels on compte jusqu'à 40 % de filles. Or, alors qu'un programme de désarmement, démobilisation et réinsertion (DDR) existe pour les enfants, seulement 15 % des filles y participent. Ce travail de recherche tente de comprendre l'absence des filles par une analyse sexospécifique. Il est argué qu'en négligeant le caractère sexospécifique de l'expérience des filles associées au conflit, le programme de réinsertion ne répond pas aux besoins des filles, les empêchant ainsi de vivre une saine réintégration. Par l'application de concepts associés au genre, est observée la dynamique socioculturelle, politique et économique des filles et des femmes de la RDC dans laquelle s'inscrit le programme de réinsertion. Alors que l'analyse du programme réfute la prémisse de départ, l'absence des filles s'explique par un manque de conceptualisation de la problématique des filles associées au conflit. Il existe un clivage important entre le programme et sa capacité d'être pleinement réalisé dans le contexte socioculturel, politique et économique actuel. L'absence de réflexion à cet égard rend peu propice la saine réintégration des filles. ______________________________________________________________________________ MOTS-CLÉS DE L’AUTEUR : Filles soldats, Enfants soldats, Réintégration, Désarmement, démobilisation et réinsertion, DDR, République démocratique du Congo, Analyse sexospécifique.

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Livres sur le sujet "Programme national riz (Congo)"

Republic), Congo (Democratic. Plan directeur, 2002-2004. [Kinshasa?] : PNLS, 2001.

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(Congo), Programme national riz, Projet ZAI/92/001 et Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations., dir. Renforcement du Programme national riz (PNR) : Projet ZAI/92/001 : République du Zaïre : révision tripartite : impérieuse nécessité d'une riziculture aquatique au Zaïre : fiches techniques. Kinshasa : Organisation des Nations Unies pour l'alimentation et l'agriculture, 1993.

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