Littérature scientifique sur le sujet « Psi COMPASS »
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Articles de revues sur le sujet "Psi COMPASS"
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Hefner, Jennifer L., Timothy R. Huerta, Ann Scheck McAlearney, Barbara Barash, Tina Latimer et Susan D. Moffatt-Bruce. « Navigating a ship with a broken compass : evaluating standard algorithms to measure patient safety ». Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association 24, no 2 (30 août 2016) : 310–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jamia/ocw126.
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Objective: Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ) software applies standardized algorithms to hospital administrative data to identify patient safety indicators (PSIs). The objective of this study was to assess the validity of PSI flags and report reasons for invalid flagging. Material and Methods: At a 6-hospital academic medical center, a retrospective analysis was conducted of all PSIs flagged in fiscal year 2014. A multidisciplinary PSI Quality Team reviewed each flagged PSI based on quarterly reports. The positive predictive value (PPV, the percent of clinically validated cases) was calculated for 12 PSI categories. The documentation for each reversed case was reviewed to determine the reasons for PSI reversal. Results: Of 657 PSI flags, 185 were reversed. Seven PSI categories had a PPV below 75%. Four broad categories of reasons for reversal were AHRQ algorithm limitations (38%), coding misinterpretations (45%), present upon admission (10%), and documentation insufficiency (7%). AHRQ algorithm limitations included 2 subcategories: an “incident” was inherent to the procedure, or highly likely (eg, vascular tumor bleed), or an “incident” was nonsignificant, easily controlled, and/or no intervention was needed. Discussion: These findings support previous research highlighting administrative data problems. Additionally, AHRQ algorithm limitations was an emergent category not considered in previous research. Herein we present potential solutions to address these issues. Conclusions: If, despite poor validity, US policy continues to rely on PSIs for incentive and penalty programs, improvements are needed in the quality of administrative data and the standardized PSI algorithms. These solutions require national motivation, research attention, and dissemination support.
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Ali, A. D., J. Garcia et J. S. Hartin. « Nantucket Pine Tip Moth Control, Claifornia, 1986 ». Insecticide and Acaricide Tests 12, no 1 (1 janvier 1987) : 356. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/iat/12.1.356.
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Abstract The experiment was conducted on a 4-year-old commercial stand in Grand Terrace, CA. Experiment design was a randomized complete block with 3 replications. Each plot contained 4 trees. Average tree height was 5.5 ft. Treatments were applied with a Solo® knapsack sprayer using a hollow cone nozzle at 32 psi, and a 100 gal/acre spray rate. Nantucket pine tip moth damage was estimated by randomly selecting 40 terminals per tree (10 in each compass direction) and recording the number of damaged and healthy tips. Insecticides were applied on 2 Jun, 5 Aug, and 30 Sep, and damage evaluations were made on 11 Jul, 9 Sep and 28 Oct.
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Story, R. N., et W. J. Bourgeois. « Citrus Red Mite Control on Citrus, 1983 ». Insecticide and Acaricide Tests 10, no 1 (1 janvier 1985) : 52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/iat/10.1.52.
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Abstract The study was conducted on mature trees located at the LSU Citrus Research Station, Port Sulpher, LA. A randomized complete block design was used with 4 replications per treatment (individual trees served as plots). Each plot was surrounded by 4 untreated trees to serve as a buffer between treatments. Pesticides were applied on 15 Jun ’83 with a FMC Speed Sprayer operated at 1200 RPM and 250 psi and a 4 nozzle hand gun. Trees were sprayed until runoff (approx 2.5 gal/tree). Evaluations were made on 29 Jun and 13 Jul by randomly selecting 10 leaves per tree as follows: 2 leaves from each of the 4 compass directions and 2 from the center of the tree. Leaves were taken to the lab, examined under a stereo-microscope, and the number of mites recorded.
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Story, R. N., et W. J. Bourgeois. « Citrus Red Mite Control on ‘Owari’ Satsuma in Louisiana, 1986 ». Insecticide and Acaricide Tests 13, no 1 (1 janvier 1988) : 72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/iat/13.1.72.
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Abstract The study was conducted on a plot of ‘Owari’ Satsuma citrus trees located at the LSU Citrus Research Station, Louisiana Agricultural Experiment Station, Port Sulpher, La. A randomized complete block design was used with 4 replications per treatment (individual trees served as plots). Pesticides were applied on 30 Sep, with a hand-held C02 pressurized sprayer delivering 0.51 per tree at 40 psi through a single spray nozzel containing a D-3 disc, No. 25 core, and 16 mesh strainer. Trees were sprayed until completely covered. Evaluations were made on 8 Oct and 9 Nov by randomly selecting leaves per tree as follows: 2 leaves from each of the 4 compass directions and 2 from the center of the tree. Leaves were taken to the lab, examined under a stereomicroscope, and the number of mites recorded.
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Story, R. N., et W. J. Bourgeois. « Citrus Red Mite Control on Citrus in Louisiana, 1986 ». Insecticide and Acaricide Tests 12, no 1 (1 janvier 1987) : 85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/iat/12.1.85a.
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Abstract The study was conducted on a plot of'Washington’ navel citrus trees located at the LSU Citrus Research Station, Louisiana Agricultural Experiment Station, Port Sulpher, LA. A randomized complete block design was used with 4 replications per treatment (individual trees served as plots). Pesticides were applied on 18 Aug with a hand-held C02 pressurized sprayer delivering 0.5 1 per tree at 40 psi through a single spray nozzle containing a D-3 disc, No. 25 core, and 16 mesh strainer. Treatments were sprayed until completely covered. Evaluations were made on 26 Aug and 30 Sept by randomly selecting leaves per tree as follows; 2 leaves from each of the 4 compass directions and 2 from the center of the tree. Leaves were taken to the lab, examined under a stero-microscope, and the number of mites recorded.
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Sanderson, J. P., et M. M. Barnes. « Control of Spider Mites on Almonds, 1982 ». Insecticide and Acaricide Tests 11, no 1 (1 janvier 1986) : 91–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/iat/11.1.91b.
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Abstract The test was conducted on 2-yr-old ‘Nonpareil’ almond trees in a commercial orchard near Shaffer, CA. A randomized complete block design composed of 12 blocks was established in the orchard. Each block contained 1 single-tree replicate of each of the 10 treatments. Treatments were applied on 23 Jul ’82, with a high pressure hand gun which delivers a fine spray at 400-450 psi. The trees were sprayed to runoff with an avg of 7.5 gal of dilute spray per tree, resulting in an application rate of ca 700 gal/acre. Five sample leaves were taken from each of the 4 compass quadrants of each tree, inside and outside of the canopy at heights of 3 to 6 ft, for a total of 20 leaves per tree. The samples were counted under a dissecting microscope. Only 6 of the 12 blocks were sampled on the pretreatment and 1 day posttreatment sample dates. Data for all other sample dates are based on counts from 12 blocks.
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Story, R. N., et W. J. Bourgeois. « Citrus Red Mite Control on Citrus, 1984 ». Insecticide and Acaricide Tests 10, no 1 (1 janvier 1985) : 52–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/iat/10.1.52a.
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Abstract The study was conducted on a plot of recently transplanted trees located at the LSU Citrus Research Station, Port Sulpher, LA. A randomized complete block design was used with 4 replications per treatment (individual trees served as plots). Pesticides were applied on 10 Oct ’84 with a hand-held CO2 pressurized sprayer delivering 0.5 liter per tree at 40 psi through a single spray nozzle containing a D-3 disc, No. 25 core, and 16 mesh strainer. Trees were sprayed until completely covered. Although only 50 liters of pesticide was applied per acre, pesticide concentrations were calculated at a rate of 378 liter per acre so as to simulate concentrations used for a mature stand. Evaluations were made on 19 Oct and 13 Nov by randomly selecting 10 leaves per tree as follows: 2 leaves from each of the 4 compass directions and 2 from the center of the tree. Leaves were taken to the lab, examined under a stereo-microscope, and the number of mites recorded.
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BHATTACHARYA, SIDDHARTHA. « Topological conjugacy of automorphism flows on compact Lie groups ». Ergodic Theory and Dynamical Systems 20, no 2 (avril 2000) : 335–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0143385700000158.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Let $G$ be a compact connected Lie group and ${\rm Aut}(G)$ be the group of Lie automorphisms of $G$. We describe a condition on $G$ under which topological conjugacy of the flows on $G$ induced by two one-parameter subgroups $\phi$ and $\psi$ of ${\rm Aut}(G)$ implies conjugacy of $\phi$ and $\psi$ in ${\rm Aut}(G)$. The condition is verified for $Sp(n)$, $SO(2n+1)$ and ${\rm Spin}(2n+1)$.
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FRANCO, ANDRÉS CORDÓN, HANS VAN DITMARSCH et ANGEL NEPOMUCENO. « DYNAMIC CONSEQUENCE AND PUBLIC ANNOUNCEMENT ». Review of Symbolic Logic 6, no 4 (14 octobre 2013) : 659–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1755020313000294.
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AbstractIn van Benthem (2008), van Benthem proposes a dynamic consequence relation defined as ${\psi _1}, \ldots ,{\psi _n}{ \models ^d}\phi \,{\rm{iff}}{ \models ^{pa}}[{\psi _1}] \ldots [{\psi _n}]\phi ,$ where the latter denotes consequence in public announcement logic, a dynamic epistemic logic. In this paper we investigate the structural properties of a conditional dynamic consequence relation $\models _{\rm{\Gamma }}^d$ extending van Benthem’s proposal. It takes into account a set of background conditions Γ, inspired by Makinson (2003) wherein Makinson calls this reasoning ‘modulo’ a set Γ. In the presence of common knowledge, conditional dynamic consequence is definable from (unconditional) dynamic consequence. An open question is whether dynamic consequence is compact. We further investigate a dynamic consequence relation for soft instead of hard announcements. Surprisingly, it shares many properties with (hard) dynamic consequence. Dynamic consequence relations provide a novel perspective on reasoning about protocols in multi-agent systems.
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Grosso, Michael. « Flying Friars and Other Exceptions ». Journal of Scientific Exploration 34, no 3 (15 septembre 2020) : 605–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.31275/20201885.
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Stephen Braude’s editorial “Does Telepathy Threaten Mental Privacy” speaks to one reason some people might resist accepting the reality of paranormal abilities. It is somewhat of a puzzle why so many otherwise rational people shy away from psi. If we accept telepathy, it might seem we’re exposed to others snooping on our innermost secrets and intentions. Deploying a distinction made by C. D. Broad between telepathic cognition and telepathic interaction, Braude argues that our fear of telepathic intrusion is greatly exaggerated. I, for example, often think of someone just before he or she calls on the phone. When that happens, I have no knowledge of what the caller is going to tell me, No cognition, just a bit of interaction. Telepathic connection doesn’t necessarily imply telepathic cognition. No danger of your hidden self being exposed in most common forms of telepathy. There are, however, some examples where it looks like real telepathic cognition comes into play. In the early stages of 17th century Joseph of Copertino’s career as a priest, his superiors had to ask Joseph to desist from calling the brothers out in public for every peccadillo they committed. In a typical example cited, he embarrassed a brother for thinking about eating cherries and other things while saying his prayers. His superiors urged Joseph to be more discreet and say things like—“you need to adjust your moral compass.” Joseph did learn to be more discreet but his Vita shows him repeatedly tuning into the specifics of other minds. For example, he was able to distinguish persons who came merely to observe him out of curiosity. Let me quote one sworn deposition from a Brother Francesco that illustrates telepathic cognition.
Thèses sur le sujet "Psi COMPASS"
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Persson, Lotta. « Datainsamlingskort med Compact PCI Express ». Thesis, Linköping University, Department of Electrical Engineering, 2008. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-11067.
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In this thesis a prototype board for data aqcusition is designed and manufactured. The board is compliant with Compact PCI Express and it can sample an analog signal with two time interleaved ADC:s. Furthermore, the board is also equiped with one FPGA for the possibility of signal processing. The thesis also include a study for investigation what is needed for a total solution for data aqcusition, represention and managing the sampled data with LabView.
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Ditsche, Jochen. « Pseudodifferential analysis in Y*-algebras [psi*-algebras] on transmission spaces, infinite solving ideal chains and K-theory for conformally compact spaces ». Aachen Shaker, 2008. http://d-nb.info/988688409/04.
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Ditsche, Jochen [Verfasser]. « Pseudodifferential analysis in Psi*-algebras on transmission spaces, infinite solving ideal chains and K-theory for conformally compact spaces / Jochen Ditsche ». Aachen : Shaker, 2008. http://d-nb.info/1162791349/34.
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Elgendi, Ayman Taha. « Préparation et étude de Membranes Asymétriques Polyalcoxyétherimides (PEI) pour la séparation de composés organiques de l'eau ». Thesis, Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010INPL046N/document.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Le mémoire rapporte les travaux effectués pour l’élaboration de membranes asymétriques de type co-polyalcoxyéther-imide (PEI) afin d'obtenir des membranes polymères à haut flux, sélectives pour la séparation de molécules organiques à partir de mélanges aqueux par procédés membranaires. La séparation des mélanges liquides (i.e. toluène - heptane, eau - éthanol, soluté organique dilué en solution aqueuse) a été étudiée par pervaporation (PV) et par nanofiltration (NF) à l'aide de membranes PEI originales asymétriques comportant une peau dense autosupportée. Ces membranes ont été préparées dans des conditions expérimentales contrôlées à partir de solutions DMF-H2O de l'acide polyamique correspondant (APA) en relation avec le diagramme de phase ternaire ; après l’inversion de phase dans un bain d'eau, les membranes d’APA ont été cyclisées en imides par traitement thermique. Les propriétés physiques des membranes (IR, TGA) ont été caractérisées, et les morphologies correspondantes, enregistrées par SEM, ont été utilisées pour optimiser la préparation des membranes asymétriques pour améliorer les propriétés de séparation en ajustant l'épaisseur de la couche dense. Les performances obtenues en pervaporation et en nanofiltration ont été examinées à la lumière de l'influence de trois séries de paramètres, à savoir les paramètres d’élaboration des membranes (composition du collodion, température du bain d'inversion de phase), les conditions expérimentales de perméation (température, pression) et des propriétés moléculaires du soluté (masse molaire, rayon, polarité). Les résultats de pervaporation ont montré que des membranes asymétriques PEI à peau denses pouvaient bien être obtenues, donnant lieu à une sélectivité moléculaire en accord avec le modèle de solution-diffusion. Les résultats obtenus en NF pour des solutés organiques dilués dans l'eau (≈ 500 ppm) ont montré que le degré de rejet des solutés étaient fortement liés aux conditions d’élaboration des membranes PEI et des propriétés des solutés. Les valeurs de seuil de coupure moléculaire des membranes (MWCO) ont été déterminées avec une série de polyéthylène glycol (400 The work aimed to prepare co-polyalkylether-imide (PEI) asymmetric membranes in order to get high flux water selective polymeric membranes suitable for the separation of organic molecules from aqueous mixtures by membrane processes. The separation of liquid mixtures (i.e. toluene – heptane, water – ethanol and low concentrated organic solute in aqueous solutions) was studied by pervaporation (PV) and by nanofiltration (NF) using homemade integrally skinned asymmetric PEI membranes. These membranes were prepared under controlled experimental conditions from DMF-H2O solutions of the corresponding polyamic acid (PAA) with respect to the ternary phase diagram; after the wet phase inversion in a water bath, the PAA membranes were imidized by thermal treatment. The membrane physical properties (IR, TGA) were characterized and the related morphologies, recorded by SEM, were used to optimize the asymmetric membrane preparation to improve the separation properties by tuning the thickness of the dense top layer. The performances of the pervaporation and nanofiltration separations were examined in the light of the influence of three sets of parameters, i.e. membrane elaboration parameters (dope composition, inversion bath temperature), experimental permeation conditions (temperature, applied pressure) and solute molecular properties (molecular weight, radius, polarity). The PV results showed that tight asymmetric PEI membranes could well be obtained, giving rise to a molecular selectivity in agreement with the solution-diffusion model. The NF results obtained with diluted organics in water (≈500ppm) have shown that the degree of rejection of the organic solutes was strongly linked to the PEI elaboration conditions and to the solute properties. The molecular cutoff values (MWCO) of the membranes were determined with a series of polyethyleneglycol (400 < Mw (g/mole) <6000) for an applied NF pressure up to 10 Bar; it was shown that the PEI membrane MWCO could be ranged between 400 and 1000g/mol at 30°C. It was also found with some PEI membranes that high permeation fluxes together with good separation selectivity could be obtained leading to interesting performances compared to literature data. Thus, it is expected that the development of these new asymmetric block copolyimide rubbery membranes might give rise to high performance membrane systems for applications in liquid-liquid separations, in particular in nanofiltration separations
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Tollefson, Stacy Joy. « Compost Water Extracts And Suppression Of Root Rot (F. Solani F. Sp. Pisi) In Pea : Factors Of Suppression And A Potential New Mechanism ». Diss., The University of Arizona, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/338972.
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One of the motivating reasons for the development of hydroponics was avoidance of root pathogens. Hydroponics involves growing crops in relatively sterile media, isolated from the underlying soil which may have disease pressure. However, even when hydroponics is coupled with controlled environments such as high tunnels and climate-controlled greenhouses, soil-borne pathogens can enter the growing area and proliferate due to optimal environmental conditions for pathogen growth. Control of root pathogens is difficult and usually achieved through synthetic fungicides since few biocontrol options are available. Compost water extracts (CWE) have recently been gaining the attention of greenhouse growers because they may be a low-cost, environmentally friendly approach to control root disease. CWE are mixtures of compost and water incubated for a defined period of time, either with or without aeration, and with or without additives intended to increase microbial populations, which in turn suppress disease. Much anecdotal, but very little scientific, evidence exists describing CWE effect on suppressing soil-borne pathogens. The present study 1) examined the effect of an aerated CWE on disease suppression at the laboratory scale and in container studies using different soilless substrates, 2) investigated a phenotypic change at the root level caused by CWE that may be associated with disease suppression, and 3) isolated some factors in the production of CWE that affect the ability of a CWE to suppress disease. The common model pathogen-host system of Fusarium solani f.sp. pisi and pea was used to examine CWE-induced disease suppression, with information then being translatable to similar patho-systems involved in greenhouse crop production. In the first study, laboratory-based root growth and infection assays resulted in 100% suppression of F. solani when roots were drenched in CWE. These protected seedlings were then taken to a greenhouse and transplanted into fine coconut coir, watered with hydroponic nutrient solution, and grown for five weeks. At the end of the experiment, 23% of the shoots of the pathogen-inoculated, CWE-drenched seedlings remained healthy while only 2% of the inoculated seedlings without CWE drench remained healthy. All of the roots of the inoculated seedlings developed lesions, even those drenched in CWE. However, 29% of the CWE drenched roots were able to recover from disease, growing white healthy roots past the lesion, while only 2% recovered naturally. A shorter-term container study was conducted in the laboratory to determine the effects of CWE-induced suppression when peas were grown in different substrates and to determine if the hydroponic nutrient solution had an effect on the suppression. Peas were grown in sterilized fine and coarse coconut coir fiber and sand irrigated with water, with a second set of fine coir irrigated with hydroponic nutrient solution. Pea seeds with 20-25mm radicles were inoculated with pathogen and sown directly into CWE-drenched substrate and grown for three weeks. At the end of the experiment, 80%, 60%, 90%, and 50% of the shoots of the inoculated, CWE-drenched seedlings remained healthy when grown in fine coir, coarse coir, sand, and fine coir irrigated with hydroponic nutrient solution, respectively. Nearly 100% of the roots grown in coconut coir substrates again developed necrotic lesions but 83%, 87%, 100%, and 87% grew healthy roots beyond the disease region. The hydroponic nutrient solution had a negative effect on suppression, with a reduction of at least 30 percentage points. Sand demonstrated a natural ability to suppress F. solani. Only 23% of inoculated seedlings had dead or dying shoots by the end of the experiment (compared to 77-80% in coir substrates) and although all but one of the roots developed lesions, all were able to recover on their own with CWE. CWE further increased shoot health and also prevented 57% of the roots from developing lesions. In a second study, two different CWE were used to examine the effect on root border cell dispersion and dynamics in pea, maize, cotton, and cucumber and its relation to disease suppression. Dispersal of border cells after immersion of roots into water or CWE was measured by direct observation over time using a compound microscope and stereoscope. Pictures were taken and the number of border cells released into suspension were enumerated by counting the total number of cells in aliquots taken from the suspension. Border cells formed a mass surrounding root tips within seconds after exposure to water, and most cells dispersed into suspension spontaneously. In CWE, >90% of the border cell population instead remained appressed to the root surface, even after vigorous agitation. This altered border cell phenomena was consistent for pea, maize, and cotton and for both CWE tested. For most cucumber roots (n=86/95), inhibition of border cell dispersal in both CWE was similar to that observed in pea, maize, and cotton. However, some individual cucumber roots (8±5%) exhibited a distinct phenotype. For example, border cells of one root immersed into CWE remained tightly adhered to the root tip even after 30 minutes while border cells of another root immersed at the same time in the same sample of CWE expanded significantly within 5 minutes and continued to expand over time. In a previous study, sheath development over time in growth pouches also was distinct in cucumber compared with pea, with detachment of the sheaths over time, and root infection was reduced by only 38% in cucumber compared with 100% protection in pea (Curlango-Rivera et al. 2013). Further research is needed to evaluate whether this difference in retention of border cell sheaths plays a role in the observed difference in inhibition of root infection. In the third study, a series of investigations were conducted to isolate different factors that contribute to the suppression ability of a CWE by changing incrementally changing some aspect of the CWE production process. The basic aerated CWE recipe (with molasses, kelp, humic acid, rock phosphate, and silica) provided 100% protection of pea from root disease while the non-aerated basic recipe CWE provided 72% protection. Aerated CWE made of only compost and water resulted in 58% protection. It was found that molasses did not contribute to the suppression ability of the ACWE, while kelp contributed strongly. When soluble kelp was added by itself to the compost and water, the CWE provided 80% suppression. However, when all additives were included except molasses and kelp, suppression remained high (93%) indicating that humic acids, rock phosphate, and/or silica were also major contributors toward the suppression effect. Optimal fermentation time for ACWE was 24 hr to achieve 100% suppression, with increased time resulting in inconsistent suppression results. Optimal fermentation time for NCWE was 3 days or 8 days. These studies are important contributions to understanding the differences that might be expected in CWE suppression when growing in different substrates, some of the factors in the production of CWE that affects the ability of a CWE to suppress disease, and the phenotypic effect CWE has on the root zone of plants and the possible relationship between that effect and disease suppression.
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Crawford, Kevin, et Martin Johnson. « DETERMINATION OF AN OPTIMAL DATA BUS ARCHITECTURE FOR A FLIGHT DATA SYSTEM ». International Foundation for Telemetering, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/606463.
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International Telemetering Conference Proceedings / October 22-25, 2001 / Riviera Hotel and Convention Center, Las Vegas, NevadaNASA/Marshall Space Flight Center (MSFC) is continually looking for methods to reduce cost and schedule while keeping the quality of work high. MSFC is NASA’s lead center for space transportation and microgravity research. When supporting NASA’s programs several decisions concerning the avionics system must be made. Usually many trade studies must be conducted to determine the best ways to meet the customer’s requirements. When deciding the flight data system, one of the first trade studies normally conducted is the determination of the data bus architecture. The schedule, cost, reliability, and environments are some of the factors that are reviewed in the determination of the data bus architecture. Based on the studies, the data bus architecture could result in a proprietary data bus or a commercial data bus. The cost factor usually removes the proprietary data bus from consideration. The commercial data bus architecture’s range from Versa Module Euro card (VME) to Compact PCI to STD 32 to PC 104. If cost, schedule and size are prime factors, VME is usually not considered. If the prime factors are cost, schedule, and size then Compact PCI, STD 32 and PC 104 are the choices for the data bus architecture. MSFC’s center director has funded a study from his discretionary fund to determine an optimal low cost commercial data bus architecture. The goal of the study is to functionally and environmentally test Compact PCI, STD 32 and PC 104 data bus architectures. This paper will summarize the results of the data bus architecture study.
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Lau, Chung-long Anthony, et 劉宗朗. « The comparison of public housing estate managed by Housing Department and property services company (PSC) : a casestudy of Kwong Yuen Estate ». Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2003. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31969379.
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Lau, Chung-long Anthony. « The comparison of public housing estate managed by Housing Department and property services company (PSC) a case study of Kwong Yuen Estate / ». Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2003. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B31969379.
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Massot, Véronique. « Audit légal et technologies organisationnelles : l'exemple de l'environnement PGI en PME ». Thesis, Montpellier 2, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011MON20243/document.
Texte intégralRésumé :
L'objet de la thèse est d'analyser à travers l'étude des représentations et du comportement décisionnel du commissaire aux comptes, le processus d'audit légal dans un contexte de PME dont le système d'information est basé sur un PGI. Par conséquent, il s'agit de déterminer si la présence d'un système informatique intégré au sein de la PME contrôlée, est de nature à faire évoluer le processus d'audit légal. Dans le cadre d'une démarche interprétative et qualitative, des investigations ont été menées auprès de commissaires aux comptes, auditant en univers PGI/PME. Elles ont permis d'énoncer deux résultats majeurs. Le premier révèle que les progiciels de gestion intégrés sont créateurs de confiance pour certains répondants, mais suscitent également de la défiance pour d'autres. Toutefois, c'est la position critique qui est dominante. Le second enseignement de cette recherche souligne qu'il existe une évolution variable dans la pratique des auditeurs, ce qui met partiellement en échec la théorie de l'adaptabilité décisionnelle de l'individu. Plus généralement, les observations tendent à montrer que la technologie PGI ne remet pas en cause la finalité et les fondements de la démarche du certificateurThe aim of this thesis is to analyse - through the study of the representations and decision-making behaviour of the legal auditor - the legal audit process in an SME-context where the information system is based on an ERP. Therefore, we intend to determine whether the presence of an integrated information system within the audited SME is likely to alter the legal audit process. In the framework of an interpretative and qualitative approach, investigations were carried out among legal auditors working in an SME/ERP environment. These surveys have allowed us to formulate two major results. The first result reveals that ERPs are trustworthy systems to some respondents, but they also arouse mistrust in others. However, on the whole, the sentiment of mistrust prevails. The second result of this research indicates that varied and unsettled changes exist in each auditors'work methods, which partly challenges the theory of individual decision-making adaptability. More generally speaking, observations tend to show that ERP technology doesn't call into question the purpose and the fondations of the auditor's approach
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Houessou, Justin Koffi. « Les hydrocarbures aromatiques polycycliques dans le café : mise au point de méthodes analytiques et étude de l’étape de torréfaction ». Paris, AgroParisTech, 2007. http://pastel.paristech.org/3108/01/Houessou.these.pdf.
Texte intégralLivres sur le sujet "Psi COMPASS"
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Zong he pei se bao dian : Color Scheme Bible Compact Edition. Bei jing : Zhong guo qing nian chu ban she, 2009.
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Kahal, Matthew I. Resource planning and competitive bidding for Delmarva Power & Light Company : Maryland PSC case no. 8201. [Annapolis, MD] : The Program, 1990.
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Bertini, Alessandra. C'era una volta e poi... : Da Biancaneve a Vaiana : come sono cambiate le principesse Disney. Roma : Europa edizioni, 2018.
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Fenimore, Cooper James. The American democrat : The social and civic relations of the United States of America. New Brunswick, NJ : Transaction Publishers, 2010.
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Fenimore, Cooper James. The American democrat : The social and civic relations of the United States of America. New Brunswick, NJ : Transaction Publishers, 2010.
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Ramey, Ardella R., et Carl R. J. Sniffen. A Company Policy and Personnel Workbook (Psi Successful Business Library). Oasis Pr, 1992.
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Ramey, Ardella, et Carl R. Sniffen. A Company Policy and Personnel Workbook (PSI Successful Business Library (Paperback)). PSI Research, 1992.
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Developing Company Policies : Ready-To-Use Models for Small Business (Psi Successful Business Library). Oasis Pr, 1991.
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Campbell, Douglas. The Essential Limited Liability Company Handbook : The Newest Alternative in Business (Psi Successful Business Library). Oasis, 1995.
Trouver le texte intégralChapitres de livres sur le sujet "Psi COMPASS"
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Zhang, Feng. « Compact PCI Express ». Dans High-speed Serial Buses in Embedded Systems, 289–317. Singapore : Springer Singapore, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-1868-3_7.
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Massimo, David, et Francesco Ricci. « Next-POI Recommendations Matching User’s Visit Behaviour ». Dans Information and Communication Technologies in Tourism 2021, 45–57. Cham : Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-65785-7_4.
Texte intégralRésumé :
AbstractWe consider the urban tourism scenario, which is characterized by limited availability of information about individuals’ past behaviour. Our system goal is to identify relevant next Points of Interest (POIs) recommendations. We propose a technique that addresses the domain requirements by using clusters of users’ visits trajectories that show similar visit behaviour. Previous analysis clustered visit trajectories by aggregating trajectories that contain similar POIs. We compare our approach with a next-item recommendation state-of-the-art Neighbour-based model. The results show that customizing recommendations for clusters of users’ with similar behaviour yields superior performance on different quality dimensions of the recommendation.
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Sutrisno. « Financing Scheme and Determinant Factors ». Dans Proceedings of the 19th International Symposium on Management (INSYMA 2022), 18–27. Dordrecht : Atlantis Press International BV, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/978-94-6463-008-4_4.
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AbstractThis study aims to examine the factors that influence the financing scheme of Islamic Rural Banks (IRBs) in Indonesia. The financing scheme consists of profit margin financing (PMF) and profit-sharing financing (PSF). Factors thought to influence the financing scheme are non-performing financing (NPF), financing to deposit ratio (FDR), capital adequacy ratio (CAR), return on assets (ROA), operating to income ratio (OEIR), and company size (Size). The population in this study was 163 IRBs in Indonesia with a sample of 100 IRBs. The observation period was 4 years, with quarterly data. Hypothesis testing applied multiple regression. The results show that the factors influencing the financing scheme between PMF and PSF are the same, namely, NPF and Size have a significant negative effect, while FDR, CAR, ROA and OEIR have no effect. One variable is OEIR; if the significance level is 10%, then OEIR has a significant and negative effect on the profit-sharing financing scheme, but the profit-margin financing scheme has no effect.
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Beyer, Dirk, et Sudeep Kanav. « An Interface Theory for Program Verification ». Dans Leveraging Applications of Formal Methods, Verification and Validation : Verification Principles, 168–86. Cham : Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-61362-4_9.
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Abstract Program verification is the problem, for a given program $$P$$ and a specification $$\phi $$, of constructing a proof of correctness for the statement “program $$P$$ satisfies specification $$\phi $$” ($$P \models \phi $$) or a proof of violation ("Equation missing"). Usually, a correctness proof is based on inductive invariants, and a violation proof on a violating program trace. Verification engineers typically expect that a verification tool exports these proof artifacts. We propose to view the task of program verification as constructing a behavioral interface (represented e.g. by an automaton). We start with the interface $$I_{P}$$ of the program itself, which represents all traces of program executions. To prove correctness, we try to construct a more abstract interface $$I_{C}$$ of the program (overapproximation) that satisfies the specification. This interface, if found, represents more traces than $$I_{P}$$ that are all correct (satisfying the specification). Ultimately, we want a compact representation of the program behavior as a correctness interface $$I_{C}$$ in terms of inductive invariants. We can then extract a correctness witness, in standard exchange format, out of such a correctness interface. Symmetrically, to prove violation, we try to construct a more concrete interface $$I_{V}$$ of the program (underapproximation) that violates the specification. This interface, if found, represents fewer traces than $$I_{P}$$ that are all feasible (can be executed). Ultimately, we want a compact representation of the program behavior as a violation interface $$I_{V}$$ in terms of a violating program trace. We can then extract a violation witness, in standard exchange format, out of such a violation interface. This viewpoint exposes the duality of these two tasks — proving correctness and violation. It enables the decomposition of the verification process, and its tools, into (at least!) three components: interface synthesizers, refinement checkers, and specification checkers. We hope the reader finds this viewpoint useful, although the underlying ideas are not novel. We see it as a framework towards modular program verification.
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Simmons, Bryan. « Angioplasty versus Fibrinolytics in Acute ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction ». Dans 50 Studies Every Intensivist Should Know, sous la direction de Edward A. Bittner et Michael E. Hochman, 108–14. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190467654.003.0018.
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The Danish trial in Acute Myocardial Infarction 2 (DANAMI-2) compares the immediate administration of an intravenous thrombolytic agent versus transfer to a treatment center capable of percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in patients presenting with acute ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). The study included 1,572 patients randomized to onsite fibrinolysis or PCI. Using a primary composite outcome of death, reinfarction, or stroke at 30 days, the DANAMI-2 investigators found PCI superior to onsite fibrinolysis. This superiority was driven largely by the lower occurrence of reinfarction at 30 days. Although it excluded higher-risk patient populations, the DANAMI-2 trial contributed to the ACC/AHA STEMI management recommendation of immediate transfer to a PCI-capable facility if the anticipated time from first-medical-contact to balloon inflation is less than 120 minutes.
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Singh, Virender. « Bringing the Shine Back ». Dans Cases on Quality Initiatives for Organizational Longevity, 351–72. IGI Global, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-5288-8.ch014.
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This case traces the quality movement throughout NIIT that was supported by Phil Crosby Associates, one of the leading quality companies at the time. Along with this, a personal quality initiative (PQI) was also unleashed throughout the company to ensure that not only the organizational processes improved but individuals' performances also improved. PQI was propounded by Harry V. Roberts, professor at the Graduate School of Business, Chicago University and also the author of the book, Quality is Personal. All these initiatives not only helped NIIT reduce its price of nonconformance (PONC), which is the price a company pays for not doing things right the first time, but also helped create and establish system and processes to sustain the organization through its journey of more than 35 years.
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Mahmoudi, Michael, Nick Curzen, Christine Hughes, Bruno Farah et Jean Fajadet. « Percutaneous coronary intervention for left main coronary artery stenosis ». Dans Oxford Textbook of Interventional Cardiology, sous la direction de Simon Redwood, Nick Curzen et Adrian Banning, 305–14. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198754152.003.0020.
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Significant left main coronary artery disease (LMCAD) occurs in 5–7% of patients undergoing coronary angiography. Patients with LMCAD have a 50% 3-year mortality despite optimal medical therapy. As such, coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) emerged as the gold standard therapy for the treatment of patients with LMCAD either in isolation or in association with disease elsewhere in the coronary circulation. Advances in stent and adjunctive intracoronary imaging as well as pharmacotherapy has enabled percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) to challenge CABG in such patients, with a host of randomized and observational studies comparing the safety and efficacy of PCI with CABG. This chapter covers historical data on CABG in LMCAD, compares various PCI techniques with CABG, and finally evaluates the differences in efficacy and safety.
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Schepke, Claudio, João V. F. Lima et Matheus S. Serpa. « Challenges on Porting Lattice Boltzmann Method on Accelerators ». Dans Advances in Computer and Electrical Engineering, 30–53. IGI Global, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-4760-0.ch002.
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Currently NVIDIA GPUs and Intel Xeon Phi accelerators are alternatives of computational architectures to provide high performance. This chapter investigates the performance impact of these architectures on the lattice Boltzmann method. This method is an alternative to simulate fluid flows iteratively using discrete representations. It can be adopted for a large number of flows simulations using simple operation rules. In the experiments, it was considered a three-dimensional version of the method, with 19 discrete directions of propagation (D3Q19). Performance evaluation compare three modern GPUs: K20M, K80, and Titan X; and two architectures of Xeon Phi: Knights Corner (KNC) and Knights Landing (KNL). Titan X provides the fastest execution time of all hardware considered. The results show that GPUs offer better processing time for the application. A KNL cache implementation presents the best results for Xeon Phi architectures and the new Xeon Phi (KNL) is two times faster than the previous model (KNC).
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Marín, José Luis, Mai Rodríguez, Ángel Marín, Ramón Calmeau, Jose María Alvarez et José Emilio Labra. « Euroalert.net ». Dans E-Procurement Management for Successful Electronic Government Systems, 114–30. IGI Global, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-4666-2119-0.ch007.
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This chapter aims to describe a use case of information re-use in the field of public procurement in the European Union (EU). It describes how the lack of a pan-European information platform providing one single access point to EU public procurement notices, hampers the access for companies to this market, especially for SMEs. To bring one possible solution to this significant issue, Euroalert.net– a company powered by open data –, is currently developing commercial services fuelled by the re-use of public sector information (PSI) related to public procurement. The chapter also describes 10ders information Services (10ders IS), a Euroalert.net R&D project aimed at building a pan-European platform to aggregate public procurement information data generated by hundreds of thousands of contracting authorities in the EU.
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Madhushri, Priyanka, et Emil Jovanov. « Long-Term Synchronization of Hybrid Sensors Networks ». Dans Sensor Technology, 1178–92. IGI Global, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-2454-1.ch056.
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This article presents synchronization of a hybrid distributed sensor network with wired and wireless sensors. Authors present an implementation of a sleep monitoring system as a hybrid sensor network that combines wireless inertial sensors controlled by a custom smartphone application as an extension of the polysomnographic (PSG) monitor to improve user's comfort. The authors developed an original method of synchronization of wireless sensor data with the PSG records using an auxiliary audio synchronization signal generated by the smartphone. The timestamps on the smartphone are synchronized with the timestamps from inertial sensors, and time of generated synchronization pulses recorded by the PSG. The individual data streams were synchronized using the Dynamic Time Warping (DTW) mechanism. Authors present the system organization and the results of analysis of the whole night monitoring, including the analysis of channel reliability and clock drift. Clock drift has been reduced from 10-30 seconds to 5.1± 3 milliseconds which is with an improved accuracy as compare to existing methods.
Actes de conférences sur le sujet "Psi COMPASS"
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Lopez, Byron G. « Implications of Reduced Heating of Heavy Crude Pipeline on Pump Lubrication Systems ». Dans 2012 9th International Pipeline Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ipc2012-90315.
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OCP Ecuador S.A. was designed for transporting heavy crude oil from the Ecuadorian Amazonian forest to the Pacific Ocean, crossing the Andes (highest point @ 4060 masl). OCP have four pumping stations PS1, PS2, PS3, PS4 located across the first 182km. Main pumps were designed with an inherent product circulation from pressure connection via orifice to mechanical seal (API Plan 11) for lubricating and cooling. In order to achieve required viscosity, crude oil from the main line must be heated. Low sulfur crude oil (LSCO) is burned for this purpose. In order to optimize fuel consumption, some efforts were conducted since 2006. The first aim was to increase feed rate of lubricating oil, in order to extend the viscosity within seals up to 700cP. This modification resulted in considerable heat exchange depletion, representing about 50% of costs reduction related to reduce heating of crude oil in the main line. Since 2009, there were some adverse scenarios, which forced the company to seek more and better ways to optimize the fuel oil consumption. These scenarios were: • The continued decline in the quality of crude oil delivered by the shippers quality from shippers. Reduced quality was seen as a threat to the integrity of mechanical seals. • Unavailability of LSCO in the country, • The under-utilization of transport capacity due to low volumes of oil (30% of its capacity). Facing this situation, OCP decided to analyze the technical and economic feasibility of operating without heating oil, in an intermediate pump station (PS3: KP 148 @ 1800 masl). This pump station, at the time of the study, was operated heating crude oil. The greatest difficulty in achieving the goal of reducing heating oil was the maximum viscosity that mechanical seals could withstand, without affecting its integrity. To mitigate this threat, an API plan 32 was designed and implemented in PS3. Simultaneously, the organization was evaluating the possibility of installing a similar system in PS4, where climatic conditions are more adverse than PS3. Based on thermal models and after risk evaluation and cost benefit analysis, OCP decided to run operations accepting the risk of potential damage to the seals in PS4. At the moment, OCP Ecuador S.A. is operated without heating crude oil and API plan 32 was placed on standby, reducing considerably the operating costs. This paper is intended to share the learned lessons, some actions taken; obstacles faced up as well as achieved results in this cost reduction effort.
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Mosier, Bruce P., Robert W. Crocker, Judith L. Rognlien et Kamlesh D. Patel. « High-Pressure Microhydraulic Actuator ». Dans ASME 2003 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2003-55401.
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Actuation forces of 2.1 and 5.3 pounds (9.3 and 24 N) at velocities of 1 and 0.5 mm/s have been demonstrated with compact electrokinetic pumps producing 200 μL/min at 400 psi (2.8 MPa) and 100 μL/min at 1000 psi (6.9 MPa). This output compares favorably with electromechanical actuators (solenoid, piezoelectric, stepper motor) of similar size and is achieved silently and with no moving parts. Electrokinetic pump monoliths based on phase-separated porous methacrylate polymer monoliths and slurry-packed, sintered silica monoliths have been developed that can generate electrokinetic pressures of 3 psi/V (21 kPa/V) and 8 psi/V (6.9 kPa/V), respectively. Corresponding maximum power conversion efficiencies of 1% and 3% have been demonstrated in 10 mM TRIS-HCI at pH 8.5. Gas-bubble-free electrodes have been demonstrated to deliver 2 mA and seal to 1200 psi (8.3 MPa) for microhydraulic actuation.
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Badhe, Shreeya, Kedar Kulkarni et Geetanjali Gadre. « Accelerating functional verification of PCI express endpoint by emulating host system using PCI express core ». Dans 2014 First International Conference on Computational Systems and Communications (ICCSC). IEEE, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/compsc.2014.7032673.
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Park, Jin Nam, Mun Ho Jeon, Seung Hun Hong et Chang-Eob Kim. « PSA System for Compact Hydrogen Station ». Dans 2018 21st International Conference on Electrical Machines and Systems (ICEMS). IEEE, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.23919/icems.2018.8549356.
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Schillo, M. « Compact superconducting 250 MeV proton cyclotron for the PSI PROSCAN proton therapy project ». Dans CYCLOCTRONS AND THEIR APPLICATIONS 2001 : Sixteenth International Conference. AIP, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1435191.
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Babel, Sandeep. « Compact PCI/PXI based high voltage cards ». Dans 2007 IEEE Particle Accelerator Conference. IEEE, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/pac.2007.4439999.
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Lin, I.-Cheng, Yi-Shu Lu, Wen-Yueh Shih et Jiun-Long Huang. « Successive POI Recommendation with Category Transition and Temporal Influence ». Dans 2018 IEEE 42nd Annual Computer Software and Applications Conference (COMPSAC). IEEE, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/compsac.2018.10203.
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Zhao, Sen, et Li Xiong. « Group Nearest Compact POI Set Queries in Road Networks ». Dans 2019 20th IEEE International Conference on Mobile Data Management (MDM). IEEE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/mdm.2019.00-68.
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Kepic, Tatjana, Mojca Bernik et Jasmina Žnidaršič. « Zadovoljstvo zaposlenih s podporo podjetja pri usklajevanju dela in družine ». Dans Values, Competencies and Changes in Organizations. University of Maribor Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.18690/978-961-286-442-2.30.
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The fast paced lifestyle in the technologically advanced era, brings many challenges in the field of work-family balance. For a good business performance, customer satisfaction and a positive impact on the environment, it is important for a company to have satisfied employees. Many successful companies are aware that the key to having productive and satisfied employees is also to understand and promote workfamily balance. This awareness is slowly growing in Slovenian companies and therefore the acquisition of the Family-Friendly Company certificate has been actively pursued since 2006. With the help of the Family-Friendly Company certificate, companies are able to retain the best talents and gain the moral loyalty of employees. Based on the study of literature and previous research, the article presents the situation in the field of work-life balance in Slovenia. The results of a survey conducted in a selected company are presented in the following article. The results of the analysis showed that the employees of the studied company are on average satisfied with the familyfriendly measures and that there is a difference in the success of work-life balance according to gender. Based on the results, possible improvements in the studied area are also suggested.
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Chen, Yanzhu. « Fire Probability Safety Analysis for a Compact Small Modular Reactor ». Dans 2022 29th International Conference on Nuclear Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icone29-91381.
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Abstract Traditional fire protection design applied in the second generation nuclear power plant,was based on determinism and reinforced by Fire Probability Safety Analysis,in which Problems such as difficult selection of fire protection-related technical solutions, low efficiency of fire protection layout, and large rework workload for later technical solutions update.For highly compact SMRs with tight design schedule, it’s impossible to acceptable such shortcomings. According to the requirements of SMRs fire protection design,this paper based on NUREG/CR-6850 fire probability safety analysis methodology, combined the design depth (the concept design phase)of SMRs, develop the SMRs fire PSA model, calculated quantitatively Contribution of core damage frequency (CDF) of fire PSA model.At the same time, based on the results of internal fire PSA analysis, the design weakness is found, and the design/improvement proposal based on fire PSA analysis is given.
Rapports d'organisations sur le sujet "Psi COMPASS"
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El Badawy, Amro, et Ashraf Rahim. Evaluation of Nanoclay Additives for Improving Resistance to Moisture Damage in Hot Mix Asphalt (HMA). Mineta Transportation Institute, janvier 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.31979/mti.2023.2151.
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Transportation has an enormous impact on the U.S. economy and on the lives of all Americans. Many modes of transportation rely on pavement, but pavement conditions deteriorate over time because of the combined effects of traffic and climate. Exposure to moisture often causes premature failure of asphalt pavements as it reduces the stiffness of the asphalt and enables stripping of the asphalt from the aggregate. This research evaluates the effectiveness of clay nanomaterials (i.e., nanoclays) in improving the resistance of hot mix asphalt (HMA) to moisture damage and compares the enhancement results to anti-stripping additives commonly used in pavement construction. Two types of surface-modified nanoclay, lime-treated aggregate, and two amine-based liquid antistripping agents (HP Plus and LOF 6500) were evaluated for improving HMA’s moisture resistance. All additives tested for reducing moisture damage resulted in dry and wet tensile strength of the modified mixes higher than the minimum specified by Caltrans 2018 Standard Specifications (100 psi for dry tensile strength and 70 psi for wet tensile strength). The Tensile Strength Ratio (TSR) of all HMA modified mixes was higher than 0.80, which is the minimum specified by the Superpave mix design method (Asphalt Mix Design Methods MS-2, Asphalt Institute) and exceeded the TSR of the control mix. The TSR for HMA mixes modified using nanoclays were comparable to those for HMA mixes modified using liquid antistripping and lime slurry treated aggregate. Liquid antistripping agents tested herein were the least costly additive at an approximately $2.0/ton added cost. This research can be used to better understand pavement deterioration to enable the most efficient and cost-effective construction and preservation of our nation's critical transportation infrastructure.
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Wang, Lili, Xuesong Wang, Yin Wu, Lingxiao Ye, Yahua Zheng et Rui Fan. The Effects of Non-Pharmacological Therapies for Psychological State of Medical Staff in the Post-epidemic Era : A Protocol Network Meta-Analysis. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, février 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2022.2.0080.
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Review question / Objective: To compare and rank the clinical effects of Non-Pharmacological Therapies for Psychological State of Medical Staff in the Post-epidemic Eradifferent. Eligibility criteria: The published randomized controlled trials (RCT) of non-Pharmacological Therapies for Psychological State of Medical Staff in the Post-epidemic Era, regardless of age and gender. Patients had clear diagnostic criteria to be diagnosed. Interventions in the treatment group included were various types of non-pharmacological therapies, including various types of acupuncture therapies (such as simple acupuncture, electroacupuncture, warm acupuncture, acupuncture catgut embedding, Auricular therapy, or the combination of acupuncture and other Non-Pharmacological Therapies), meditation, Baduanjin, Tai Chi, aerobic exercise, yoga, psychotherapy, music therapy, etc.; the control group was conventional treatment groups or different non-pharmacological therapies compared with each other. The results of the report are required to include at least one of the following outcome indicators: The self-Rating Anxiety Scale (SAS), the Self-Rating Depression Scale (SDS), the Pittsburgh sleep quality index (PSQI), and effectiveness rate. The language of the publication is limited to Chinese or English.
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Dhillon, Nathan, Andrew Hannay et Robin Workman. Next Generation Monitoring Systems. TRL, juillet 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.58446/npwb2214.
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Survey vehicles, operating at traffic-speed, are deployed across the road network to assess the condition of road pavements. These apply high-quality (and high cost) equipment to measure condition. However, significant progress has been made in the development of low-cost sensors and data collection units that may have potential for application in highways. This project has aimed to understand the capabilities of this emerging technology. The project explores the technologies and combines a Raspberry-Pi based Data Acquisition System, compact camera, GPS, inertial measurement system, Wifi and 4G GSM comms and a low-cost Solid State LiDAR into a prototype device. The total cost is a few hundred pounds. Trials characterise the prototype system. Although the solid-state LiDAR sensors are not found to be robust in this application, the remaining sensors show strong potential for use in road condition assessment. A wider trial of the prototype system in a potential application – the measurement of roughness (IRI) on developing world road networks – was carried out in El Salvador. The prototype shows comparable performance with alternatives, combined with higher levels of practicality and capability, and the potential for higher levels of consistency through a common low-cost measurement platform. In the light of this research, it is felt that, following refinements to the prototype, the initial application for the device would be for condition surveys in developing world nations.
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Shenker, Moshe, Paul R. Bloom, Abraham Shaviv, Adina Paytan, Barbara J. Cade-Menun, Yona Chen et Jorge Tarchitzky. Fate of Phosphorus Originated from Treated Wastewater and Biosolids in Soils : Speciation, Transport, and Accumulation. United States Department of Agriculture, juin 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2011.7697103.bard.
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Beneficial use of reclaimed wastewater (RW) and biosolids (BS) in soils is accompanied by large input of sewage-originated P. Prolonged application may result in P accumulation up to levelsBeneficial use of reclaimed wastewater (RW) and biosolids (BS) in soils is accompanied by large input of sewage-originated P. Prolonged application may result in P accumulation up to levels that impair plant nutrition, increase P loss, and promote eutrophication in downstream waters. This study aims to shed light on the RW- and BS-P forms in soils and to follow the processes that determine P reactivity, solubility, availability, and loss in RW and BS treated soils. The Technion group used sequential P extraction combined with measuring stable oxygen isotopic composition in phosphate (δ18OP) and with 31P-NMR studies to probe P speciation and transformations in soils irrigated with RW or fresh water (FW). The application of the δ18OP method to probe inorganic P (Pi) speciation and transformations in soils was developed through collaboration between the Technion and the UCSC groups. The method was used to trace Pi in water-, NaHCO3-, NaOH-, and HCl- P fractions in a calcareous clay soil (Acre, Israel) irrigated with RW or FW. The δ18OP signature changes during a month of incubation indicated biogeochemical processes. The water soluble Pi (WSPi) was affected by enzymatic activity yielding isotopic equilibrium with the water molecules in the soil solution. Further it interacted rapidly with the NaHCO3-Pi. The more stable Pi pools also exhibited isotopic alterations in the first two weeks after P application, likely related to microbial activity. Isotopic depletion which could result from organic P (PO) mineralization was followed by enrichment which may result from biologic discrimination in the uptake. Similar transformations were observed in both soils although transformations related to biological activity were more pronounced in the soil treated with RW. Specific P compounds were identified by the Technion group, using solution-state 31P-NMR in wastewater and in soil P extracts from Acre soils irrigated by RW and FW. Few identified PO compounds (e.g., D-glucose-6-phosphate) indicated coupled transformations of P and C in the wastewater. The RW soil retained higher P content, mainly in the labile fractions, but lower labile PO, than the FW soil; this and the fact that P species in the various soil extracts of the RW soil appear independent of P species in the RW are attributed to enhanced biological activity and P recycling in the RW soil. Consistent with that, both soils retained very similar P species in the soil pools. The HUJ group tested P stabilization to maximize the environmental safe application rates and the agronomic beneficial use of BS. Sequential P extraction indicated that the most reactive BS-P forms: WSP, membrane-P, and NaHCO3-P, were effectively stabilized by ferrous sulfate (FeSul), calcium oxide (CaO), or aluminum sulfate (alum). After applying the stabilized BS, or fresh BS (FBS), FBS compost (BSC), or P fertilizer (KH2PO4) to an alluvial soil, P availability was probed during 100 days of incubation. A plant-based bioassay indicated that P availability followed the order KH2PO4 >> alum-BS > BSC ≥ FBS > CaO-BS >> FeSul-BS. The WSPi concentration in soil increased following FBS or BSC application, and P mineralization further increased it during incubation. In contrast, the chemically stabilized BS reduced WSPi concentrations relative to the untreated soil. It was concluded that the chemically stabilized BS effectively controlled WSPi in the soil while still supplying P to support plant growth. Using the sequential extraction procedure the persistence of P availability in BS treated soils was shown to be of a long-term nature. 15 years after the last BS application to MN soils that were annually amended for 20 years by heavy rates of BS, about 25% of the added BS-P was found in the labile fractions. The UMN group further probed soil-P speciation in these soils by bulk and micro X-ray absorption near edge structure (XANES). This newly developed method was shown to be a powerful tool for P speciation in soils. In a control soil (no BS added), 54% of the total P was PO and it was mostly identified as phytic acid; 15% was identified as brushite and 26% as strengite. A corn crop BS amended soil included mostly P-Fe-peat complex, variscite and Al-P-peat complex but no Ca-P while in a BS-grass soil octacalcium phosphate was identified and o-phosphorylethanolamine or phytic acid was shown to dominate the PO fraction that impair plant nutrition, increase P loss, and promote eutrophication in downstream waters. This study aims to shed light on the RW- and BS-P forms in soils and to follow the processes that determine P reactivity, solubility, availability, and loss in RW and BS treated soils. The Technion group used sequential P extraction combined with measuring stable oxygen isotopic composition in phosphate (δ18OP) and with 31P-NMR studies to probe P speciation and transformations in soils irrigated with RW or fresh water (FW). The application of the δ18OP method to probe inorganic P (Pi) speciation and transformations in soils was developed through collaboration between the Technion and the UCSC groups. The method was used to trace Pi in water-, NaHCO3-, NaOH-, and HCl- P fractions in a calcareous clay soil (Acre, Israel) irrigated with RW or FW. The δ18OP signature changes during a month of incubation indicated biogeochemical processes. The water soluble Pi (WSPi) was affected by enzymatic activity yielding isotopic equilibrium with the water molecules in the soil solution. Further it interacted rapidly with the NaHCO3-Pi. The more stable Pi pools also exhibited isotopic alterations in the first two weeks after P application, likely related to microbial activity. Isotopic depletion which could result from organic P (PO) mineralization was followed by enrichment which may result from biologic discrimination in the uptake. Similar transformations were observed in both soils although transformations related to biological activity were more pronounced in the soil treated with RW. Specific P compounds were identified by the Technion group, using solution-state 31P-NMR in wastewater and in soil P extracts from Acre soils irrigated by RW and FW. Few identified PO compounds (e.g., D-glucose-6-phosphate) indicated coupled transformations of P and C in the wastewater. The RW soil retained higher P content, mainly in the labile fractions, but lower labile PO, than the FW soil; this and the fact that P species in the various soil extracts of the RW soil appear independent of P species in the RW are attributed to enhanced biological activity and P recycling in the RW soil. Consistent with that, both soils retained very similar P species in the soil pools. The HUJ group tested P stabilization to maximize the environmental safe application rates and the agronomic beneficial use of BS. Sequential P extraction indicated that the most reactive BS-P forms: WSP, membrane-P, and NaHCO3-P, were effectively stabilized by ferrous sulfate (FeSul), calcium oxide (CaO), or aluminum sulfate (alum). After applying the stabilized BS, or fresh BS (FBS), FBS compost (BSC), or P fertilizer (KH2PO4) to an alluvial soil, P availability was probed during 100 days of incubation. A plant-based bioassay indicated that P availability followed the order KH2PO4 >> alum-BS > BSC ≥ FBS > CaO-BS >> FeSul-BS. The WSPi concentration in soil increased following FBS or BSC application, and P mineralization further increased it during incubation. In contrast, the chemically stabilized BS reduced WSPi concentrations relative to the untreated soil. It was concluded that the chemically stabilized BS effectively controlled WSPi in the soil while still supplying P to support plant growth. Using the sequential extraction procedure the persistence of P availability in BS treated soils was shown to be of a long-term nature. 15 years after the last BS application to MN soils that were annually amended for 20 years by heavy rates of BS, about 25% of the added BS-P was found in the labile fractions. The UMN group further probed soil-P speciation in these soils by bulk and micro X-ray absorption near edge structure (XANES). This newly developed method was shown to be a powerful tool for P speciation in soils. In a control soil (no BS added), 54% of the total P was PO and it was mostly identified as phytic acid; 15% was identified as brushite and 26% as strengite. A corn crop BS amended soil included mostly P-Fe-peat complex, variscite and Al-P-peat complex but no Ca-P while in a BS-grass soil octacalcium phosphate was identified and o-phosphorylethanolamine or phytic acid was shown to dominate the PO fraction.
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Minz, Dror, Stefan J. Green, Noa Sela, Yitzhak Hadar, Janet Jansson et Steven Lindow. Soil and rhizosphere microbiome response to treated waste water irrigation. United States Department of Agriculture, janvier 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2013.7598153.bard.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Research objectives : Identify genetic potential and community structure of soil and rhizosphere microbial community structure as affected by treated wastewater (TWW) irrigation. This objective was achieved through the examination soil and rhizosphere microbial communities of plants irrigated with fresh water (FW) and TWW. Genomic DNA extracted from soil and rhizosphere samples (Minz laboratory) was processed for DNA-based shotgun metagenome sequencing (Green laboratory). High-throughput bioinformatics was performed to compare both taxonomic and functional gene (and pathway) differences between sample types (treatment and location). Identify metabolic pathways induced or repressed by TWW irrigation. To accomplish this objective, shotgun metatranscriptome (RNA-based) sequencing was performed. Expressed genes and pathways were compared to identify significantly differentially expressed features between rhizosphere communities of plants irrigated with FW and TWW. Identify microbial gene functions and pathways affected by TWW irrigation*. To accomplish this objective, we will perform a metaproteome comparison between rhizosphere communities of plants irrigated with FW and TWW and selected soil microbial activities. Integration and evaluation of microbial community function in relation to its structure and genetic potential, and to infer the in situ physiology and function of microbial communities in soil and rhizospere under FW and TWW irrigation regimes. This objective is ongoing due to the need for extensive bioinformatics analysis. As a result of the capabilities of the new PI, we have also been characterizing the transcriptome of the plant roots as affected by the TWW irrigation and comparing the function of the plants to that of the microbiome. *This original objective was not achieved in the course of this study due to technical issues, especially the need to replace the American PIs during the project. However, the fact we were able to analyze more than one plant system as a result of the abilities of the new American PI strengthened the power of the conclusions derived from studies for the 1ˢᵗ and 2ⁿᵈ objectives. Background: As the world population grows, more urban waste is discharged to the environment, and fresh water sources are being polluted. Developing and industrial countries are increasing the use of wastewater and treated wastewater (TWW) for agriculture practice, thus turning the waste product into a valuable resource. Wastewater supplies a year- round reliable source of nutrient-rich water. Despite continuing enhancements in TWW quality, TWW irrigation can still result in unexplained and undesirable effects on crops. In part, these undesirable effects may be attributed to, among other factors, to the effects of TWW on the plant microbiome. Previous studies, including our own, have presented the TWW effect on soil microbial activity and community composition. To the best of our knowledge, however, no comprehensive study yet has been conducted on the microbial population associated BARD Report - Project 4662 Page 2 of 16 BARD Report - Project 4662 Page 3 of 16 with plant roots irrigated with TWW – a critical information gap. In this work, we characterize the effect of TWW irrigation on root-associated microbial community structure and function by using the most innovative tools available in analyzing bacterial community- a combination of microbial marker gene amplicon sequencing, microbial shotunmetagenomics (DNA-based total community and gene content characterization), microbial metatranscriptomics (RNA-based total community and gene content characterization), and plant host transcriptome response. At the core of this research, a mesocosm experiment was conducted to study and characterize the effect of TWW irrigation on tomato and lettuce plants. A focus of this study was on the plant roots, their associated microbial communities, and on the functional activities of plant root-associated microbial communities. We have found that TWW irrigation changes both the soil and root microbial community composition, and that the shift in the plant root microbiome associated with different irrigation was as significant as the changes caused by the plant host or soil type. The change in microbial community structure was accompanied by changes in the microbial community-wide functional potential (i.e., gene content of the entire microbial community, as determined through shotgun metagenome sequencing). The relative abundance of many genes was significantly different in TWW irrigated root microbiome relative to FW-irrigated root microbial communities. For example, the relative abundance of genes encoding for transporters increased in TWW-irrigated roots increased relative to FW-irrigated roots. Similarly, the relative abundance of genes linked to potassium efflux, respiratory systems and nitrogen metabolism were elevated in TWW irrigated roots when compared to FW-irrigated roots. The increased relative abundance of denitrifying genes in TWW systems relative FW systems, suggests that TWW-irrigated roots are more anaerobic compare to FW irrigated root. These gene functional data are consistent with geochemical measurements made from these systems. Specifically, the TWW irrigated soils had higher pH, total organic compound (TOC), sodium, potassium and electric conductivity values in comparison to FW soils. Thus, the root microbiome genetic functional potential can be correlated with pH, TOC and EC values and these factors must take part in the shaping the root microbiome. The expressed functions, as found by the metatranscriptome analysis, revealed many genes that increase in TWW-irrigated plant root microbial population relative to those in the FW-irrigated plants. The most substantial (and significant) were sodium-proton antiporters and Na(+)-translocatingNADH-quinoneoxidoreductase (NQR). The latter protein uses the cell respiratory machinery to harness redox force and convert the energy for efflux of sodium. As the roots and their microbiomes are exposed to the same environmental conditions, it was previously hypothesized that understanding the soil and rhizospheremicrobiome response will shed light on natural processes in these niches. This study demonstrate how newly available tools can better define complex processes and their downstream consequences, such as irrigation with water from different qualities, and to identify primary cues sensed by the plant host irrigated with TWW. From an agricultural perspective, many common practices are complicated processes with many ‘moving parts’, and are hard to characterize and predict. Multiple edaphic and microbial factors are involved, and these can react to many environmental cues. These complex systems are in turn affected by plant growth and exudation, and associated features such as irrigation, fertilization and use of pesticides. However, the combination of shotgun metagenomics, microbial shotgun metatranscriptomics, plant transcriptomics, and physical measurement of soil characteristics provides a mechanism for integrating data from highly complex agricultural systems to eventually provide for plant physiological response prediction and monitoring. BARD Report
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Xu, Jin-Rong, et Amir Sharon. Comparative studies of fungal pathogeneses in two hemibiotrophs : Magnaporthe grisea and Colletotrichum gloeosporioides. United States Department of Agriculture, mai 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2008.7695585.bard.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Plant pathogenic fungi have various life styles and different plant infection strategies. Hemibiotrophs like Magnaporthe grisea and Colletotrichum species develop specialized structures during plant infection. The goal of this study was to identify, characterize, and compare genes required for plant infection in M. grisea and C. gloeosporioides. Specific objectives are to: 1) further characterize genes identified in the preliminary studies of C. gloeosporioides and M. grisea;2) identify and characterize additional fungal genes tagged by GFP; and 3) identify in planta growth and appressorium-specific genes by subtractive hybridization and transcript profiling by the LongSAGE method. In this study, the PI and Co-PI collaborated closely on studies in M. grisea and C. gloeosporioides. In M. grisea, REMI and ATMT were used to transform the wildtype with promoter-less EGFP constructs. A total of 28 mutants defective in different plant infection processes or expressing EGFP during plant infection were identified. Genes disrupted in five selected mutants have been identified, including MG03295 that encodes a putative Rho GTPase. In transformant L1320, the transforming vector was inserted in the MIRI gene that encodes a nuclear protein. The expression of MIRI was highly induced during infection. Deletion and site-directed mutagenesis analyses were used to identify the promoter regions and elements that were essential for induced in planta expression of MIRI. This was the first detailed characterization of the promoter of an in planta gene in M. grisea and the MIRI promoter can be used to monitor infectious growth. In addition, the Agilent whole-genome array of M. grisea was used for microarray analyses with RNA samples from appressoria formed by the wild-type shain and the pmkl and mstl2 mutants. Over 200 genes were downregulated in the mst I 2 and pmkl mutants. Some of them are putative transcription factors that may regulate appressorium formation and infectious hyphal growth. In C. gloeosporioides, various REMI mutants showing different pathogenic behavior were identified and characterized. Mutants N3736 had a single insertion and was hyper-virulent. The gene disrupted in mutant3736 (named CgFMOI) encodes a FAD-dependent monooxygenase. Expression analyses linked the expression of the CgFMOI gene with the necrotrophic phase of fungal infection, and also suggest that expression of CgFMOl is unnecessary for the first stages of infection and for biotrophy establishment. All CgFMOl-silenced mutants had reduced virulence. In REMI mutant N159, the tagged gene encodes a putative copper transporter that is homologue of S. cerevisiae CTR2. In yeast, Ctr2 is a vacuolar transporter for moving copper from the vacuole to the cytoplasm. The gene was therefore termed CgCTR2. In addition to characterization of CgCTR2, we also conducted comparative analyses in M. grisea. The M. grisea CgCTR-2 homolog was isolated, knockout strains were generated and characterized and the M. grisea was used to complement the Nl 59 C. gloeosporioides mutant. Overall, we have accomplished most of proposed experiments and are in the process of organizing and publishing other data generated in this project. For objective 3, we used the microarray analysis approach. Several genes identified in this study are novel fungal virulence factors. They have the potential to be used as targets for developing more specific or effective fungicides. In the long run, comparative studies of fungal genes, such as our CgCTR2 work, may lead to better disease control strategies.
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Barefoot, Susan F., Bonita A. Glatz, Nathan Gollop et Thomas A. Hughes. Bacteriocin Markers for Propionibacteria Gene Transfer Systems. United States Department of Agriculture, juin 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2000.7573993.bard.
Texte intégralRésumé :
The antibotulinal baceriocins, propionicin PLG-1 and jenseniin G., were the first to be identified, purified and characterized for the dairy propionibaceria and are produced by Propionibacterium thoenii P127 and P. thoenii/jensenii P126, respectively. Objectives of this project were to (a) produce polyclonal antibodies for detection, comparison and monitoring of propionicin PLG-1; (b) identify, clone and characterize the propionicin PLG-1 (plg-1) and jenseniin G (jnG) genes; and (3) develop gene transfer systems for dairy propionibacteria using them as models. Polyclonal antibodies for detection, comparison and monitoring of propionicin PLG-1 were produced in rabbits. Anti-PLG-1 antiserum had high titers (256,000 to 512,000), neutralized PLG-1 activity, and detected purified PLG-1 at 0.10 mg/ml (indirect ELISA) and 0.033 mg/ml (competitive indirect ELISA). Thirty-nine of 158 strains (most P. thoenii or P. jensenii) yielded cross-reacting material; four strains of P. thoenii, including two previously unidentified bacteriocin producers, showed biological activity. Eight propionicin-negative P127 mutants produced neither ELISA response nor biological activity. Western blot analyses of supernates detected a PLG-1 band at 9.1 kDa and two additional protein bands with apparent molecular weights of 16.2 and 27.5 kDa. PLG-1 polyclonal antibodies were used for detection of jenseniin G. PLG-1 antibodies neutralized jenseniin G activity and detected a jenseniin G-sized, 3.5 kDa peptide. Preliminary immunoprecipitation of crude preparations with PLG-1 antibodies yielded three proteins including an active 3-4 kDa band. Propionicin PLG-1 antibodies were used to screen a P. jensenii/thoenii P126 genomic expression library. Complete sequencing of a cloned insert identified by PLG-1 antibodies revealed a putative response regulator, transport protein, transmembrane protein and an open reading frame (ORF) potentially encoding jenseniin G. PCR cloning of the putative plg-1 gene yielded a 1,100 bp fragment with a 355 bp ORF encoding 118 amino acids; the deduced N-terminus was similar to the known PLG-1 N-terminus. The 118 amino acid sequence deduced from the putative plg-1 gene was larger than PLG-1 possibly due to post-translational processing. The product of the putative plg-1 gene had a calculated molecular weight of 12.8 kDa, a pI of 11.7, 14 negatively charged residues (Asp+Glu) and 24 positively charged residues (Arg+Lys). The putative plg-1 gene was expressed as an inducible fusion protein with a six-histidine residue tag. Metal affinity chromatography of the fused protein yielded a homogeneous product. The fused purified protein sequence matched the deduced putative plg-1 gene sequence. The data preliminarily suggest that both the plg-1 and jnG genes have been identified and cloned. Demonstrating that antibodies can be produced for propionicin PLG-1 and that those antibodies can be used to detect, monitor and compare activity throughout growth and purification was an important step towards monitoring PLG-1 concentrations in food systems. The unexpected but fortunate cross-reactivity of PLG-1 antibodies with jenseniin G led to selective recovery of jenseniin G by immunoprecipitation. Further refinement of this separation technique could lead to powerful affinity methods for rapid, specific separation of the two bacteriocins and thus facilitate their availability for industrial or pharmaceutical uses. Preliminary identification of genes encoding the two dairy propionibacteria bacteriocins must be confirmed; further analysis will provide means for understanding how they work, for increasing their production and for manipulating the peptides to increase their target species. Further development of these systems would contribute to basic knowledge about dairy propionibacteria and has potential for improving other industrially significant characteristics.
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Litaor, Iggy, James Ippolito, Iris Zohar et Michael Massey. Phosphorus capture recycling and utilization for sustainable agriculture using Al/organic composite water treatment residuals. United States Department of Agriculture, janvier 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2015.7600037.bard.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Objectives: 1) develop a thorough understanding of the sorption mechanisms of Pi and Po onto the Al/O- WTR; 2) determine the breakthrough range of the composite Al/O-WTR during P capturing from agro- wastewaters; and 3) critically evaluate the performance of the composite Al/O-WTR as a fertilizer using selected plants grown in lysimeters and test-field studies. Instead of lysimeters we used pots (Israel) and one- liter cone-tainers (USA). We conducted one field study but in spite of major pretreatments the soils still exhibited high enough P from previous experiments so no differences between control and P additions were noticeable. Due to time constrains the field study was discontinued. Background: Phosphorous, a non-renewable resource, has been applied extensively in fields to increase crop yield, yet consequently has increased the potential of waterway eutrophication. Our proposal impetus is the need to develop an innovative method of P capturing, recycling and reuse that will sustain agricultural productivity while concurrently reducing the level of P discharge from and to agricultural settings. Major Conclusions & Achievements: An innovative approach was developed for P removal from soil leachate, dairy wastewater (Israel), and swine effluents (USA) using Al-based water treatment residuals (Al- WTR) to create an organic-Al-WTR composite (Al/O-WTR), potentially capable of serving as a P fertilizer source. The Al-WTR removed 95% inorganic-P, 80% to 99.9% organic P, and over 60% dissolved organic carbon from the agro-industrial waste streams. Organic C accumulation on particles surfaces possibly enhanced weak P bonding and facilitated P desorption. Analysis by scanning electron microscope (SEM- EDS), indicated that P was sparsely sorbed on both calcic and Al (hydr)oxide surfaces. Sorption of P onto WW-Al/O-WTR was reversible due to weak Ca-P and Al-P bonds induced by the slight alkaline nature and in the presence of organic moieties. Synchrotron-based microfocused X-ray fluorescence (micro-XRF) spectrometry, bulk P K-edge X-ray absorption near edge structure spectroscopy (XANES), and P K-edge micro-XANES spectroscopy indicated that adsorption was the primary P retention mechanism in the Al- WTR materials. However, distinct apatite- or octocalciumphosphatelike P grains were also observed. Synchrotron micro-XRF mapping further suggested that exposure of the aggregate exteriors to wastewater caused P to diffuse into the porous Al-WTR aggregates. Organic P species were not explicitly identified via P K-edge XANES despite high organic matter content, suggesting that organic P may have been predominantly associated with mineral surfaces. In screen houses experiments (Israel) we showed that the highest additions of Al/O-WTR (5 and 7 g kg⁻¹) produced the highest lettuce (Lactuca sativa L. var. longifolial) yield. Lettuce yield and P concentration were similar across treatments, indicating that Al/O- WTR can provide sufficient P to perform similarly to common fertilizers. A greenhouse study (USA) was utilized to compare increasing rates of swine wastewater derived Al/O-WTR and inorganic P fertilizer (both applied at 33.6, 67.3, and 134.5 kg P₂O₅ ha⁻¹) to supply plant-available P to spring wheat (TriticumaestivumL.) in either sandy loam or sandy clay loam soil. Spring wheat straw and grain P uptake were comparable across all treatments in the sandy loam, while Al/O-WTR application to the sandy clay loam reduced straw and grain P uptake. The Al/O-WTR did not affect soil organic P concentrations, but did increase phosphatase activity in both soils; this suggests that Al/O-WTR application stimulated microorganisms and enhance the extent to which microbial communities can mineralize Al/O-WTR-bound organic P. Implications: Overall, results suggest that creating a new P fertilizer from Al-WTR and agro-industrial waste sources may be a feasible alternative to mining inorganic P fertilizer sources, while protecting the environment from unnecessary waste disposal.
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CTA #14. Prestress Losses (Phase I). Precast/Prestressed Concrete Institute, 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.15554/pci.cta-14.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Surveys the methods available for calculating prestress losses in precast, prestressed concrete members. Selects and presents two methods: the modified PCI General Method, and the CTA Method. Compares the results of both methods with experimentally observed values of prestress losses.