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Thèses sur le sujet « Psychologie medicale »
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1
EXBRAYAT, FRANCK. « La garde medicale hospitaliere : approche experimentale, clinique et psychologique ». Lyon 1, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990LYO1M013.
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ROLLET, MARIE-ODILE. « Les grains de sable : a propos de la consultation de psychiatrie et de psychologie medicale de l'hopital edouard herriot ». Lyon 1, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988LYO1M299.
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Dayraut, Catherine. « La formation psychologique des médecins : à propos des groupes "Balint" ». Toulouse 3, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988TOU31099.
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DE, CHARRY ARNAUD. « Comportement des couples confrontes a l'interruption medicale de grossesse. L'experience de deux annees de la consultation de genetique de rennes ». Rennes 1, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994REN1M042.
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Duvignau, Grandjean Bruno. « A propos du sida : connaissances et attitudes des jeunes : résultats d'une enquête auprés des appelés du service national ». Bordeaux 2, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991BOR2M211.
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Canouï, Pierre. « Approche de la souffrance des soignants par l'analyse du concept de l'epuisement professionnel, le burn out : considerations psychologiques et ethiques en reanimation pediatrique ». Paris 5, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997PA05N002.
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Lachaud, Laurence. « La formation psychologique et psychiatrique des médecins généralistes et des spécialistes en psychiatrie dans la C. E. E ». Bordeaux 2, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990BOR23055.
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Souche, Alain. « Etude sur trois annees consecutives 1985, 1986, 1987 du flux des patients hospitalises dans une unite de 24 lits : exploitation d'un dossier psychiatrique informatique (clinique de psychiatrie et psychologie medicale pr a. tatossian, c.h.u. timone, marseille) ». Aix-Marseille 2, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989AIX20952.
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Pionchon, Paul. « Algies et dysfonctionnements de l'appareil manducateur : de la recherche de l'étiologie à la compréhension du patient ». Lyon 1, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998LYO1T048.
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Chappuis, Séverine. « Revisiter les antécédents : prétexte pour un renouveau de l'écoute médicale ». Bordeaux 2, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998BOR2M049.
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JRADE, MOSHEN. « Mise au point d'un dispositif pour l'encapsulation de substances d'interet biologique dans les globules rouges par lyse reversible controlee ». Paris 7, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988PA077081.
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Mendenhall, Tai, Angela Lamson et Jodi Polaha. « Psychology, Medical Family Therapy, Social Work, Psychiatric Nursing, Counseling, and Others : Effective Collaborators, or Sibling Disciplines At-War ? » Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2018. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/6556.
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At the conclusion of this session, the participant will be able to: Articulate ways that we all – across a myriad of guildmemberships, license-types, and field/practice orientations – can do better work when we work together
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Ferreira, Joana Sofia Costa. « Understanding empathy in medical and psychology undergraduate students : a comparative study ». Master's thesis, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade do Porto, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10216/62294.
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Ferreira, Joana Sofia Costa. « Understanding empathy in medical and psychology undergraduate students : a comparative study ». Dissertação, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade do Porto, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10216/62294.
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Goble, R. E. A. « Artificial cardiac pacemakers : psychology and outcome ». Thesis, University of Exeter, 1985. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.355186.
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Grimault, Stephan. « Détermination des propriétés du signal RMN par une approche numérique : application aux expériences de diffusion et d'imagerie fonctionnelle ». Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998GRE10157.
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Ce travail etaient est centre sur l'etude et la quantification du signal rmn dans certaines conditions in vivo. Une approche numerique de type monte carlo a ete utilisee. Une premiere etude porte sur la mesure in vivo du coefficient apparent de diffusion (cad) de lipides mobiles detectes dans des tumeurs cerebrales et confines dans des micro-domaines. Le modele numerique permet d'estimer la taille des micro-domaines sur la base du cad mesure. Un diametre de 10 a 12 m a ete trouve, valeur qui concorde avec les etudes par microscopie. Une seconde etudes porte sur la quantification des effets de la desoxygenation du sang sur la baisse du cad observee experimentalement lors de l'etude de l'ischemie. Une double etude numerique et experimentale nous a permis de conclure que la desoxygenation du sang n'est pas la principale cause de la baisse du cad. L'approche numerique est basee sur un modelisation du tissu cerebral prenant en compte la diffusion des molecules d'eau, le reseau vasculaire et les gradients internes generes autour ce dernier. Une troisieme etude porte sur la quantification du contraste bold (blood oxygenation level dependent) utilise en imagerie fonctionnelle. Differents parametres lies au secteur vasculaire, a la diffusion des molecules d'eau, et a la sequence d'impulsions ont ete considere. A partir de simulations basees sur une modelisation du tissu cerebral, des equations analytiques de la vitesse de relaxation de l'aimantation transversale en fonction des differents parametres d'interets ont ete. Dans ce travail, nous avons developpe un outil numerique aidant a la quantification du signal rmn et facilement adaptable aux diverses problematiques rencontrees dans differents secteurs de la rmn (diffusion, imagerie fonctionnelle).
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Jensen, Dallas R. « Medical Model Influence in Counseling and Psychotherapy : Counseling Psychology Training Directors' Views ». Diss., CLICK HERE for online access, 2006. http://contentdm.lib.byu.edu/ETD/image/etd1323.pdf.
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Chilton, Roy. « Portfolio of Doctorate in Health Psychology ». Thesis, City University London, 2012. http://openaccess.city.ac.uk/2415/.
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Throughout the Stage 2 training a number of opportunities were negotiated to demonstrate the competencies required to achieve the Doctorate in Health Psychology. This has involved working across local authority and NHS organisations and holding workplace contracts within Children, Young People and Family Services, a Paediatric Diabetes Team and the Department of Rheumatology. This has provided a variety of experiences, which are reflected within this thesis, in order to demonstrate the expertise and skills required to achieve health psychologist status.
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Christensen, Susie. « The modernist anti-mental : literary life-writing, neurology and medical psychology, 1860-1939 ». Thesis, King's College London (University of London), 2014. https://kclpure.kcl.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/the-modernist-antimental-literary-lifewriting-neurology-and-medical-psychology-18601939(3305c395-a7c6-4dfd-9af0-6c723bbdcd18).html.
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This thesis examines the selves represented by early-twentieth century modernist writers in the light of neurological developments which occurred during the late-nineteenth century. After the 1860s, the nervous system was understood in newly evolutionary terms. This meant that the lowest and fundamentally non-mental aspects of the nervous system became the basis of the conscious mind and mentality. The central concern of the thesis is with what I call the modernist anti-mental. This manifests itself in three clear ways. Firstly, I use the anti-mental as a term to describe a non- Freudian (or perhaps ambiguously Freudian) and explicitly physical mode of unconsciousness . Secondly, I argue that a certain strand of modernism itself, as a set of stylistic qualities and ideas emerging in both literature and medical science, was concerned with representing and often celebrating mindlessness and the primitive, and therefore debunked the rational mind. Thirdly, I use the term the anti-mental, or anti-mentality, to gather together the ways in which modernist writers, neurologists, and medical psychologists alike were concerned with placing the non-mental at the core and/or foundation of selfhood. The introduction establishes modernist anti-mentality and the anti-mental as an alternative to the idea of the unconscious mind as well as examining the complex relationship between neurology and psychology during the period in question. The first chapter considers the foundational figure of the thesis, the neurologist John Hughlings Jackson, and argues that although he pathologised anti-mentality, his account of the nervous system also meant that it became the bedrock of human selfhood. Hughlings Jackson's neurology is considered in relation to D. H. Lawrence's writings which have the anti-mental at their heart. Chapter two examines the potential for the anti-mental to be spiritual and physical all at once, exploring various oceanic states and metaphors in the works of sexologist Havelock Ellis and writer H.D. Chapter three considers how the anti-mental becomes a key concern for the modernist practices of sensory self-observation carried out in very different contexts by Virginia Woolf and the neurologist Henry Head. Chapter four questions the limits of textual expression of supposedly anti-mental states. It uses the diaries of Anaïs Nin and psychological writings by Otto Rank in order to challenge the modernist attempt to portray anti-mentality in textual forms.
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Whippy, Nicola. « Professional Doctorate in Health Psychology : thesis portfolio ». Thesis, London Metropolitan University, 2017. http://repository.londonmet.ac.uk/1464/.
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This portfolio and the competency folders contain two years of reflective practice logs and demonstrate evidence of how I have met the required competencies for the Professional Doctorate in Health Psychology. In the form of four case studies, one systematic review and a research thesis conducted over a period of two years, it shows my range of knowledge and skills gained within Health Psychology. Both the portfolio and the competency folders consist of a range of practical experiences of how I have put health psychology theories and constructs into practice within NHS, charity and corporate settings. The skills and experiences I have gained in this portfolio have been mainly placed within public health but also working alongside the NHS, which Health Psychology heavily contributes to. This portfolio demonstrates my development as a reflective practitioner through a variety of experiences and roles needed to meet each competency. My main role throughout this course has been as a Specialist Stop Smoking Advisor and Smoking in Pregnancy Lead. A large part of this portfolio and my development as a Health Psychologists is Section C3, (page 109), the research competency. When starting this course, it took me a long time to decide on an original topic of research for the thesis, (Section C3, page 109) and I feel that at the beginning, when writing my ethics proposal, my thought process was much more basic. My research thesis examined the use of electronic cigarettes within smoking cessation and the effects this can have on individuals changes in weight. It explored this by comparing different smoking cessation aids, (NRT, Champix and E-cigarettes), gender, ethnicity (Asian or Non-Asian), eating behaviours and activity levels to compare different variables in their strength in predicting weight changes during smoking cessation. Initially, my thought process felt that e-cigarettes could be a stronger variable at preventing weight changes compared to other smoking cessation aids, despite other contributing factors. However, throughout the duration of the course, I feel that my thought process developed as a Health Psychologist and I wanted to consider the results further. Initially, the results from an ANOVA showed that people using e-cigarettes did gain the least amount of weight over a 6-month period. However, after further analysis using the other variables available, I found that the strongest variables at predicting weight changes was gender and eating behaviours. I feel that this was a big change in my way of thinking and allowed me to find more significant results. My overall conclusion was that women are more likely to gain weight during smoking cessation due to them being more sensitive to changes in eating based on emotion and stress. This means that I feel more confident in this being a unique and original contribution of research in Health Psychology and I am proud of what I have achieved and developed within this competency. Following this, the systematic review, section C3.1, (page 212), was one of the most challenging competencies I faced during the two years. This is something that was very new for me and I was initially concerned about my ability to complete this and it was challenging for me to choose a relevant topic. However, after hours of researching and some supervision support, I developed the review to choosing a unique topic and varied area of research for my portfolio. I decided to research and compare the varied perceptions of individuals on people with epilepsy driving. This included the perceptions of people with epilepsy themselves, health professionals and the public. I felt that each step of the review process was new to me and I was always checking that what I was doing/had completed was correct, which I feel has helped me to develop new skills. Only nine studies met the inclusion criteria and of those, only one compared the perceptions of all three individuals; people with epilepsy, health professionals and the public. The review highlights the need for more education about epilepsy and how it can affect an individual to all physicians and members of the public who interact or work with patients with epilepsy. Another challenging part of this review was the Quality Assessment tool for Quantitative studies that I completed for each of the nine studies. This was a new assessment tool to me that I had not used previously and I felt initially confused on how to use this most effectively. However, with more research, practice and supervision, I feel as though this is another skill I could develop for further research in the future. I am also hoping to get this review published to increase my list of publications. The competency I feel I developed in the most is the consultancy, section C4 (page 276), which will illustrate one consultancy project where I designed and developed a Smoking in Pregnancy scheme and educational project. The idea of this consultancy came directly from Public Health, who asked me to target the pregnant women who smoke and decline a referral to the stop smoking service. This gave me the opportunity to work with a range of different health professionals working at different levels, including service leads, locality managers, maternity department, consultants and commissioners within maternal health. This was a new opportunity for me and I was given the responsibility to design and develop the individual sessions delivered to these pregnant smokers. The idea was to work directly with maternity services, specifically the Public Health Specialist Midwife, to deliver this educational session to the pregnant women with the hope for them to decide to try and stop smoking and work directly with the community midwives to ensure appropriate referrals. This was the biggest challenge for me over the duration of the course, as it involved working at such a high level on important and relevant work. Throughout the project, it became a big interest for other services within the East of England, in which I was asked to deliver a presentation of the project and the results gained throughout at various meetings and conferences. Despite being terrified initially, my confidence grew quickly and I was pleased with the overall outcomes of this work. This gave me the opportunity to develop in a way that was not available within my normal role and I feel that it has contributed enormously to the health professional I have become today. Following this, the competency I was most worried about completing was the teaching and training, (section C5, page 319) as I did not feel I had the confidence to deliver a teaching or training session. At the beginning of the course, I had never delivered any teaching or training sessions and did not feel it was something I would enjoy. I felt that it was important for me to embrace this opportunity, knowing it was important for these feelings to change by the end of the course. Therefore, this was the first competency I chose to complete. I started by delivering two lectures at the university for both undergraduate and postgraduate level students. Initially, I was concerned about the content of the lectures and my ability to teach others information. However, after some guidance and support from my peers and during supervision, I feel that I delivered two effective and interesting lectures to students leaving me able to complete the competency report. Following this, I was keen to increase my confidence further within this competency and I could start delivering training sessions within my role for the Level 2 Stop Smoking Advisor Training. Upon completion of this training, trainees are qualified and competent to support and guide individuals to stop smoking and so it was important for me to deliver an effective training. This was a full two-day course that involved both delivering information and interactive sessions with an online assessment to complete their training.I think that this has helped me tremendously in building my confidence delivering training and I was able to continue this further and deliver the Make Every Contact Count (MECC) to other health professionals where needed. Finally, by the end of the course, I was training other staff members to deliver these two training sessions so there were more staff available when needed. This has allowed me to develop as an autonomous practitioner in both skills and confidence and I feel that it has prepared me for the delivery of future training. The competency I feel I sit most naturally in and throughout the course of the doctorate I delivered many behaviour change interventions, (Section C2, page 30). Throughout my training, I was regularly delivering interventions to clients who wanted to stop smoking and helping to support them through their behaviour change. Therefore, I decided to increase my knowledge and skills to a different area for the intervention report. I had the opportunity to work with a Child Weight Management Team at delivering a physical activity session at the end of each nutritional session within their programmes. This allowed me to develop the skills and experience needed to work with young children and their families in a health setting within weight management, not just adults. I enjoyed delivering these physical activity sessions and although initially, I was not sure how to deliver an effective session to children, the team were a great support. I am pleased that the outcome of the intervention increased attendance rates and later became an important part of their child weight management programmes.
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Altschuler, Rebecca, et Julia Dodd. « Medical Mistrust Mediates the Relationship Between Sexual Victimization and Medical Non-Adherence ». Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2019. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/7328.
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Sexual victimization has been associated with significant negative health outcomes as well as increased healthcare utilization (e.g., Breiding et al., 2013; Sickel et al., 2002). However, due to fear, embarrassment, or confidentiality concerns (Logan et al., 2004; Nasta et al., 2005), women may mistrust medical advice and not adhere to treatment recommendations, exacerbating development of negative health outcomes. Some research (Meade et al., 2009) has identified sexual victimization as a predictor of medical nonadherence, but to our knowledge no research has examined the role of medical mistrust in this relationship. A sample of 857 women was recruited via social media. Regression analyses in R Markdown revealed that sexual trauma was a significant predictor of both medical nonadherence (b = 0.4, SE = .08, p < .0001) and medical mistrust (b = 1.36, SE = .027 p < .0001), and further that medical mistrust predicted medical nonadherence (b = 0.06 SE = .01, p < .0001). Additionally, medical mistrust was found to significantly mediate the relationship between sexual trauma and medical nonadherence (b = .09, SD = .03, 95% CI =.04, .14). Results emphasize the importance of trauma-informed care and patient-provider rapport in bolstering resiliency and strengthening survivors’ adherence to medical recommendations. Suggestions for further application and intervention will be discussed.
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Riaz, Sumira. « Health psychology in a digital age ». Thesis, City, University of London, 2018. http://openaccess.city.ac.uk/20382/.
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Polaha, Jodi. « Innovation in Clinical Psychology Practice : Getting Our Help Where It’s Needed ». Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2010. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/6695.
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Farand, Lambert. « Cognitive multi-tasking in situated medical reasoning ». Thesis, McGill University, 1996. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=40115.
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This study evaluates the hypothesis that medical reasoning in real clinical situations involves multiple cognitive tasks whose complex interactions are coordinated in an opportunistic manner. A problem-solving architecture originating from research in artificial intelligence, the blackboard model, is proposed as an integrative framework for representing these characteristics of situated medical reasoning and for reconciling different theoretical perspectives about medical reasoning. A naturalistic clinical situation, involving the manipulation of the patient record by an internist while managing a case, provides the empirical data for this in depth qualitative case study. The video recording of the subject's record manipulation behavior allows the cueing of retrospective think-aloud verbalizations and the preservation of the real-time aspects of problem solving. The association of theory-driven task analysis using the blackboard model with data-driven propositional analysis confirm that medical reasoning in this situation indeed comprises a variety of cognitive tasks, which are described. Also, the opportunistic character of control knowledge and the complex interactions between control strategies and cognitive tasks are confirmed and described. The blackboard model allows the principled representation of these characteristics of situated medical reasoning, thus supporting its integrative character. However, certain aspects of the data, mostly related to the ambivalence of several concepts that are used by the subject during the course of problem-solving, are not explained in the most parsimonious manner by the blackboard model, nor by symbolic cognitive architectures in general. A connectionist alternative is proposed which seems to better account for these phenomena. Finally, a tentative neurophysiological interpretation of the blackboard framework is offered for integrating the symbolic and connectionist perspectives. This study has additional implications con
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Enlow, A., Jodi Polaha et T. Bishop. « Evaluating Integrated Pediatric Well Visits : What Does a Psychologist Have to Add ? » Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2008. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/6611.
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Elster, Judi. « Healthy Lifestyle Practice Among Online Health Psychology Graduate Students ». ScholarWorks, 2019. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/7637.
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Research focused on health behaviors of online graduate students is sparse. Health psychology graduate training prepares individuals to share health information with others; the information may be more credible if they present a healthy appearance. The present study tested concepts from social cognitive theory (general perceived self-efficacy) and self-determination theory (autonomy, competence, and relatedness basic needs) to determine predictive value for graduate students’ engaging in health behaviors. Participants were 121 (29 health psychology group, 92 other programs group) online graduate students who lived in the United States and attended the same online university, recruited from multiple social media sources. The study used a static comparison quasi-experimental design to examine data from an online survey. Data were analyzed using Pearson correlation, chi-square tests for independence, independent samples t-tests, ANOVA, MANOVA, and binary logistic regression. The health behaviors did not differ between the two graduate student groups. General perceived self-efficacy, autonomy, relatedness, and competency mean scores did not predict engaging in health behaviors. A significant negative correlation for the total sample was found between autonomy and body mass index. Positive social change may result from research focused on the best means to encourage health psychologists to regularly engage in health behaviors to the extent of Centers for Disease Control and Prevention recommended levels. By internalizing and modeling good health, health psychologists will add credibility to their message and help to mitigate the connection between premature death from chronic disease due to lack of engaging in a voluntary healthy lifestyle.
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Bunten, A. « The application of health psychology to public health ». Thesis, City, University of London, 2017. http://openaccess.city.ac.uk/20309/.
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Background: There is strong evidence linking obesity to health issues and long term conditions such as high blood pressure, type II diabetes, heart disease and some cancers (NICE, 2006). Despite this growing evidence base, the prevalence of obesity continues to rise and rates have more than doubled in England in the last 25 years (Public Health England, 2014). Currently 26% of adults are obese (Health Survey for England, 2014), and the proportion of women that are classified as overweight and obese has risen to 57% (Health Survey for England, 2014). Weight loss can reduce the risk of an individual developing these conditions and can increase their healthy life expectancy. It is estimated that approximately one in every two adults in England are actively trying to lose weight, the majority of which are over-weight or obese women (Piernas, Aveyard and Jebb, 2016). This indicates that over-weight and obese women are motivated to lose weight but are struggling to achieve or maintain a healthy weight. To-date potentially effective weight management interventions have been identified as long term multi-component interventions including diet and exercise components along with behavioural strategies. However, weight changes have been small and weight regain has been found to be very common (Loveman, Frampton, Shepherd, Picot, Cooper et al, 2011; Dombrowski, Knittle, Avenell, Araújo-Soare & Sniehotta, 2014). Despite the primary focus on weight loss being to improve health, research suggest that people’s prime motivation to lose weight is unrelated to health (Piernas, Aveyard and Jebb, 2016). Aim: This study aims to improve the understanding of the challenge of achieving and maintaining a healthy weight in overweight and obese young women. In particular, it aims to i) better understand the barriers and facilitators to achieving and maintaining a healthy weight as experienced by these young women, ii) further understand the relationships and influences of these factors, to iii) inform and develop a new theoretical framework in which to capture this social phenomena and societal challenge. Recruitment: This study recruited 14 female participants aged 18- 35 years, with a BMI over 30 (or 28 with co-morbidity), actively seeking support to lose weight. Participants were recruited through purposive sampling in two primary care practices in East London as part of the ‘Peer Support Weight Action Programme’ (SWAP). This was a Randomised Controlled Trial run by Barts Health NHS Trust and Queen Mary’s School of Medicine and Dentistry, funded by the National Institute for Health Research, Health Technology Assessment fund. Design: The research is qualitative in design utilising in-depth semi-structured interviews. Interviews took place with women recruited to take part in a weight loss programme before commencing the intervention, and follow up interviews took place approximately six months after completion of the weight management programme. Grounded Theory Analysis was used to analyse the data. Results and Findings: An overarching theoretical framework is presented from the findings of the data analysis of the pre and post weight loss attempt interviews. A new ‘Emotion and Mindset’ model is presented to explain the challenge of achieving and maintaining a healthier weight in young women. It includes the core categories of sense of self, emotion and mindset, self-efficacy, and stress and conflicting priorities and has been theoretically framed around the concept of Finding the Health Enhancing Equilibrium - maintaining a positive sense of self whilst generating action to achieve and maintain a healthy weight. It describes the balancing act required between these key contributing elements to engage in positive health behaviour which contributes to achieving and maintaining a healthy weight. Recommendations: Based on the findings from this study, and supported by previous findings (Cochrane, 2008), weight management interventions targeting young women need to build in coping strategies to support individuals cognitively, behaviourally and emotionally. These should include building self-efficacy (NOO, 2011; Ashford, Edmunds, French, 2010), sense of self and re-aligning identity (West & Brown, 2013). Individuals need to be taught how to identify, address and re-orient dysfunctional thoughts, to identify potential stressors such as triggers and environmental cues to prevent relapse. Consideration needs to be given to weight loss maintenance and ongoing tailored support. Further research is needed to identify what type and method of support is most effective and for whom.
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Dodd, Julia. « The Medical and Psychological Burden of Infertility ». Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2019. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/7331.
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Oblitas, Luis A. « The state-of-art in Health Psychology ». Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, 2012. http://repositorio.pucp.edu.pe/index/handle/123456789/99901.
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Studies on the scientific background of Health Psychology are discussed, including the conceptual definition, as well as the bio-psycho-social model that characterizes it. The relation between health and behavior is described in order to have a better understanding of health and illness, as well as about the pathogenic and immunology issues related to behavior. The main contributions of Health Psychology to improve life quality and health are described. Moreover, medical psychology, psychosocial coping of illness, as well as intervention strategies, are discussed. Health Psychology becomes a good alternative for the understanding of health and illness mechanisms, as well as for the prevention process and illness treatment related to psychological components.Se abordan los antecedentes de la Psicología de la Salud, incluyendo su definición conceptual, así como el modelo biopsicosocial que la caracteriza. Se detalla la relación existente entre comportamiento y salud para tener una mejor comprensión de la salud y la enfermedad, así como de los patógenos e inmunógenos comportamentales. Se describen las principales contribuciones de la Psicología de la Salud para la promoción de salud y calidad de vida, psicología hospitalaria, afrontamiento psicosocial de la enfermedad y estrategias de intervención. La Psicología de la Salud constituye una excelente alternativa para comprender los mecanismos de salud y enfermedad, así como para la prevención y el manejo de la enfermedad, en lo que se refiere a sus componentes psicológicos.
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Hickman, Carrie J. L. « Weight Loss Surgery Maintenance and Psychosocial Development : A Narrative Perspective ». ScholarWorks, 2013. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/1091.
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Bariatric surgery is not the panacea it was once thought to be for weight loss. Due to patient noncompliance issues, many weight loss surgery patients are relapsing and regaining the significant amounts of weight that bariatric surgery had initially helped them to lose. This failure is costly monetarily, psychologically, and medically to both the patient and to society. Using the narratives of 32 post-weight loss surgery patients, this narrative study explored: (a) whether Erikson's psychosocial stages of development occur after weight loss surgery, (b) whether successful patients (defined as those who are able to maintain their weight loss long term) have successfully navigated Erikson's stages, and (c) whether these patients formed new identities in the process. Recursive analysis and text analysis revealed noticeable trends toward developmental progress among participants after weight loss surgery, with regard to all stages in Erikson's psychosocial developmental theory. This trend suggests that participants are experiencing developmental changes after surgery and that participants who have successfully navigated psychosocial stages are at least beginning to build new identities. These findings may indicate the need for social changes in the way clinicians guide patients through the weight loss surgery process; these findings may also inspire the creation of programs that address developmental milestones, which may increase successes after weight loss surgery.
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Cruz-Panesso, Ilian. « Medical team learning in simulated settings ». Thesis, McGill University, 2011. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=97169.
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This study examines medical team performance and effectiveness in the context of a two-week simulation-based training course. After each simulation, eight raters assessed team behaviors according to crisis resource management criteria (e.g. leadership, communication, and team decision making). Overall team performance (OTP) for each team was evaluated using a five-point scale (1 = very poor performance, and 5 = very good performance). Multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) revealed a quadratic (resembling a u-shape) and a positive linear trend for team performance, indicating that team performance improved within the first three simulations. OTP measures were used to distinguish effective from ineffective teams. OTP was contrasted with participants' own assessment about their performance and that of their team members' ability to coordinate tasks and work cooperatively toward the same goal. Analysis of team coordination focused on three mechanisms (shared mental models, closed loop communication, and mutual trust) integrated in a framework called the "big five of team work" (Salas, Sims, & Burke, 2005). Individuals' answers were aggregated across team members to produce a representative measure of the team as a whole in each coordinated mechanism. Teams that were rated by the instructors as having very good performance consistently rated higher in the three measures of team coordination. Establishment of high-shared mental models promotes team effectiveness and guarantees effective leadership, good communication and effective coordination. Qualitative analysis revealed that the actions of the team leader enhance the development of coordination among team members. The leader of the most effective team actively combined the process of information gathering and interpretation, thus facilitating shared understanding of the patient situation and awareness of the actions needed; whereas, the leader of the less effective team lacked the capacity for synthesizing information and updating team members in the evolution of the patient.Cette étude examine la performance et l'efficacité des équipes dans le cadre d'un programme de formation mediacale de deux semaines basé sur des séances de simulation. Après chaque simulation, huit experts ont évalué le comportement des équipes en fonction des critères de gestion des ressources en situation d'urgence (incluant le leadership, la communication et la prise de décisions collective). La performance global des équipes (PGE) a été évaluée en utilisant une échelle de cinq niveaux (1 = très mauvais performance, et 5 = très bonne performance). Des mesures répétées pour l'analyse de variances (R-MANOVA) ont révélé que la performance des équipes suit deux tendances: Une performance quadratique (qui ressemble une forme en U) et une performance linéaire à la hausse, ce qui indique que la performance des équipes améliore au cours des trois premières simulations. Les mesures de PGE ont égalment été utilisées pour différencier les équipes qui ont été efficaces de celles qui ont été plutôt inefficaces. Ces measures de GPE ont été contrastées avec (a) les évaluations réalisées par les participants sur leur propre performance et (b) les évaluation réalisées par les membres de l'équipe - nottament sur leur capacité à coordonner les tâches et travailler en collaboration en vue d'aboutir à un objectif commun. L'analyse de la coordination au sein des équipes inclut trois mécanismes : les modèles mentaux partagés, la communication en boucle, et la confiance mutuelle. Il s'agit des mécanismes faisant partie d'un cadre d'analyse largement connu, à savoir les «Big five of teamwork» (Salas, Sims, et Burke, 2005). Les réponses individuelles des participants ont été regroupées pour obtenir une mesure globale de la performance des équipes pour chacun des mécanismes de coordination. Les équipes qui ont reçu des évaluations de « très bonne performance » ont eu aussi une performance supérieure dans les trois mesures de coordination. Les résultats montrent que le development des modèles mentaux partagés augmente l'efficacité des équipes, nottament au niveau du leadership, de la communication et de la coordination. L'analyse qualitative a révélé que les actions du leader de l'équipe a une influence fondamentale sur la coordination entre les membres de l'équipe. D'un côté, le leader de l'équipe le plus efficace s'est engagé activement dans le processus de collecte de l'information et dans l'interprétation de cette information. Cela a facilité la compréhension conjointe de l'état du patient et la reconnaissance des actions necessaries. De l'autre côté, le leader de l'équipe la moins efficace n'avait pas la capacité de synthétiser l'information ni de la mettre à jour pour informer les membres de l'équipe sur l'évolution du patient.
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Robins, Jenny. « Counselling psychology in a changing National Health Service ». Thesis, City University London, 2014. http://openaccess.city.ac.uk/3701/.
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Aim: Within the field of obesity, evidence shows that weight regain following weight loss is extremely common, demonstrating that weight loss treatments are not effective. Considering that attachment history influences a person’s capacity for emotional regulation and that some people use food to self-soothe, increasing our understanding of the relationship between attachment style and obesity might inform better treatments. This study is comprised of two parts: the first part investigates whether attachment style predicts outcome in a 12-session group treatment for obesity and the second part explores the experience of that treatment. Design: The study utilises a mixed methods design with participants from a group treatment for obesity which comprises: the Attachment Style Questionniare (ASQ), completed by 52 group members, along with their body mass index (BMI) measures at the start and end of the treatment, analysed using a backwards multiple regression to test whether the 5 dimensions of the ASQ can predict participants’ change in BMI; and semi-structured interviews with 7 people from the same treatment analysed according to Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA) guidelines. Method: Data was collected from 52 people attending group treatment for obesity with an NHS service in South East England, which included the ASQ and BMI measures at Week 1 and Week 12 of treatment. The change in BMI was entered as the dependent variable for the regression in SPSS and the five attachment dimensions were entered as predictors. 7 people who had taken part in Part I of this research participated in interviews about their group experience. Transcripts were subjected to IPA. Results: Quantitative findings produced a model in which the ASQ dimension Confidence (in relationships) significantly predicted change in BMI in a negative direction (i.e. the participants who scored higher on Confidence lost less weight than those with lower scores). Confidence explained 8% of the variance (R2=0.08, F(1,50)=4.32, p<0.05). Qualitative findings produced four super-ordinate themes which included: the sadness at the course ending; the support and comfort felt from others in the group experience; the positive aspects of the group treatment; and the negative aspects of the group treatment. Other group members appeared to have a substantial impact on participants, whether positive or negative. Some accounts reflected the importance of others in feeling accepted and supported. Other accounts conveyed less of an emphasis on feeling part of the group and more on feeling separate. Conclusions: The quantitative results are inconclusive and possible reasons for this are discussed. The qualitative findings suggest that it is likely that group intervention for obesity could be improved by attention to attachment and by tailoring treatments more specifically to individuals.
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Feyh, Janelle Marie. « Perspectives of Close Relatives in Pediatric Palliative Care : A Grounded Theory Approach ». ScholarWorks, 2011. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/915.
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Pediatric palliative care has recently become a priority in the healthcare field and is implemented at the time of diagnosis rather than days or weeks before the child's death. Social constructivism theory in which humans generate meaning from their experiences was utilized as a general framework to determine the impact of pediatric palliative care on close relatives. The purpose of this grounded theory study was to generate a substantive theory that explains how close relatives such as grandparents, aunts, and uncles of a child with cancer experience palliative care. The participants of the study included close relatives of children in palliative care. Semi-structured interviews and journaling were used to collect data. Initial, focused, and selective coding procedures were used to manage the data and a content analysis of the textual data was performed. Findings from the data suggested a process of surrendering to the journey in which close relatives learn to let go of what they cannot control while holding on to what they can control. Social change implications of this study may include improving healthcare programming for close relatives utilizing supportive-expressive measures. This programming may promote mental health of the close relatives who will learn to deal with their adjustment difficulties and improve their coping skills.
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Clarke, Amanda. « Two professional issues in clinical psychology : reflective practice and clinical effectiveness ». Thesis, University of Warwick, 2010. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/36732/.
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This thesis contributes knowledge to the areas of Reflective Practice and Clinical Effectiveness, both professional issues in clinical psychology, which have a direct link to patient care in the National Health Service (NHS). The literature review presented in Chapter 1 focuses on reflective practice. The review aimed to identify all published empirical research, which investigated the application and usefulness of reflective practice for staff qualified in healthcare professions, and working in health services specifically, including the NHS. The findings have clinical and professional implications for health care staff, their managers, and the broader organisations in which they work. The use of reflective practice has been linked in the literature to increased clinical effectiveness, which is the second professional issue. The empirical paper presented in Chapter 2 explored the measurement and demonstration of clinical effectiveness as experienced by clinical psychologists working within NHS using a qualitative methodology. Demonstrating clinical effectiveness was found to be particularly relevant given the current, changing financial climate of the NHS and a context in which clinical psychologists are expected to prove their professional worth. The review and empirical paper highlight the importance of practice-based evidence. Chapter 3 presents a reflective paper, which explores the impact of the review and research findings on the author who is approaching the end of her clinical psychology training. This paper may be of interest to more experienced clinicians who wish to understand the issues from a newly qualified perspective, or to readers interested in the transition from training to professional practice.
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Lanoye, Autumn. « The Impact of a Primary Care Psychology Training Program on Medical Utilization in a Community Sample ». VCU Scholars Compass, 2014. http://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/3508.
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Mental illness and psychological distress is associated with higher rates of medical service usage and treatment of these issues results in more appropriate medical utilization rates. Little research has been conducted in an integrated care clinic, wherein health psychologists or behavioral health specialists work together with physicians to provide patient care. The current study examines the effects of brief behavioral and mental health interventions on patient medical utilization in this setting with care delivered by medical residents and doctoral psychology trainees. Access to the health system’s electronic billing records allowed for objective measures of annual healthcare utilization in terms of inpatient, outpatient, and emergency department use. A quasi-control group was constructed using propensity score matching in order to compare patients who had received a primary care psychology intervention to those who had not. Rates of inpatient utilization decreased significantly among treated patients overall as well as among treated patients identified as frequent attenders; there was no change in inpatient utilization among patients in the control group overall nor among frequent attenders in the control group, indicating that there is likely an effect of behavioral and mental health treatment on rates of inpatient visits. Rates of emergency department use and specialty outpatient visits were comparable between treated and control group patients, suggesting the lack of a treatment effect in these areas. Strengths, limitations, possible mechanisms, and implications for future research are discussed.
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Enlow, Angela D., et Jodi Polaha. « Evaluating the Role of a Psychologist in Pediatric Wellness Visits in Rural Tennessee ». Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2009. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/6644.
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The aim of this project was to examine key medical and behavioral health issues identified in the context of integrated wellness visits. Specifically, this study sought to examine the role of psychologists in pediatric wellness visits, including the early identification of behavioral, developmental, and learning problems, as well as the delivery of brief, effective interventions. The study was conducted at Cherokee Health Systems, a fully integrated pediatric practice in East Tennessee, which follows a fully integrated model of integrated primary care. Data was obtained from a record review of 100 participants, providing a total of 373 well visits. Outcomes demonstrate that behavioral and developmental concerns are raised at a higher rate than in non-integrated practices. Specifically, visits in which the psychologist was present, 44.42% resulted in some concern being raised. Further, 36.24% of visits resulted in psychosocial concern(s) being raised. This figure is significant given that 22% of well visits typically result in discussion of some psychosocial concern consistently found in the research literature. Additionally, of concerns raised, 81.87% were raised directly with/by the psychologist on staff, who is able to offer immediate interventions when concerns are raised.
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Kidd, Jane Margaret. « Patient and doctor satisfaction with medical consultations ». Thesis, King's College London (University of London), 1998. https://kclpure.kcl.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/patient-and-doctor-satisfaction-with-medical-consultations(f0db6225-b073-4f17-859f-0b9fe7b5920b).html.
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Whatson, Chloe Louise. « An examination of current practice and new developments in the forensic assessment of offenders ». Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2016. http://etheses.bham.ac.uk//id/eprint/6670/.
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Exploring and understanding the practice of accurately assessing offenders is an important area of research for forensic practice and the risk management of offenders. This thesis aims to explore different approaches to offender assessment, specifically their clinical utility in forensic mental health settings. The first chapter, provides an introduction to the importance of accurate offender assessment, and presents current models proposed within the literature. The second chapter, provides a systematic review of historically used approaches in the assessment of risk, and compares their predictive accuracy and clinical utility in relation to a mentally disordered offending population. The third chapter, critically appraises a widely used assessment tool to assess risk within forensic mental health settings, the HCR-20 (Version 3.0; Douglas, Hart, Webster & Belfrage, 2013). The fourth chapter, moves way from specific tools used in current practice and instead explores clinicians current understanding and use of newer concepts in offender assessment (IOW/IOA), through a qualitative research study. Finally, the fifth chapter presents a thorough discussion of the overall content, findings and conclusions of this thesis. Findings have important implications for the practice of assessing and managing offenders effectively.
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Mollard, Christel. « Le traitement médico-psychologique des détenus ». Thesis, Lyon 3, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014LYO30006.
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Les peines d’emprisonnement constituent à ce jour la première réponse aux exigences de répression de la délinquance dans le paysage français. Alors que bon nombre de détenus, dès leur entrée dans le système pénitentiaire, se trouvent être sans-abri, sans couverture sociale, malades physiquement et/ou psychologiquement, consommateurs de drogues, d’alcool ou encore de médicaments, le système pénal se trouve confronté à un paradoxe entre besoins des détenus en matière de soins d’une part et répression des crimes et délits d’autre part. Cette contradiction aboutit bien souvent à ce que les problématiques d’ordre médico-psychologique des détenus ne trouvent pas de solutions en prison et persistent à la sortie, une situation préjudiciable tant pour les individus que pour les systèmes judiciaires et pénitentiaires. Face au tiraillement entre soin, punition et réinsertion, cette thèse adopte un double point de vue prospectif et empirique avec pour ambition d’articuler les récentes réformes législatives et les pratiques de traitement médico-psychologique exercées au sein d’une maison d’arrêtPrison sentences constitute the first response to the requirements of delinquency repression in France. Since many prisoners, as they enter the penitentiary system, happen to be homeless, with no social security cover, physically and/or mentally ill, drug, alcohol or medicine addicts, the penal system finds itself confronted to a paradox between the needs of the detainees regarding health care on the one hand and crime repression on the other. This contradiction often has for a result that the prisoners’ medico-psychological problems find no solution in jail and remain as they get out. This situation may become prejudicial as much for the individuals than for the penal and judiciary systems. In front of the conflict between health care, punition and rehabilitation, this Ph. D. adopts a double perspective, both prospective and empirical: it aims at hanging together the recent legal reforms and the medico-psychological treatment practices that are currently at stake in a specific detention center
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Hawkin, Lucinda. « Thesis portfolio for the Professional Doctorate in Health Psychology ». Thesis, London Metropolitan University, 2018. http://repository.londonmet.ac.uk/1534/.
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Background: Breastfeeding rates continue to remain low in the UK even though a number of initiatives have been delivered in an attempt to increase them. Evidence suggests a large proportion of mothers now perceive breastfeeding as the best feeding practice for their baby and many wish to do so, but are unable to for a number of reasons including issues around breastfeeding in public. This study set out to explore lived experience of breastfeeding in public to better inform our understanding. Methods: A qualitative approach was chosen using semi-structured interviews to facilitative an in-depth exploration of mothers’ experiences of public breastfeeding. Women aged 31 to 40 years old who had experience of breastfeeding in public within London were interviewed and narratives analysed using Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis. Results: Two themes emerged from the data: “Societal attitudes as ostracising” and “Becoming a nursing mother”. It was evident these mothers experienced a strong transference from a British society generally disapproving and feeling uncomfortable with breastfeeding. Consequently implicit expectations are placed on them to conceal the behaviour either by covering their breast or breastfeeding in discrete locations including feeding rooms. Transitioning from a woman to a mother is a significant life stage and being able to breastfeed successfully appeared to be an important aspect of motherhood for these mothers. Their determination to breastfeed exceeded the challenges they faced in public with their confidence enhancing with time. Findings are considered in light of current social attitudes and the importance of normalising views about breastfeeding in society in order to improve health outcomes.
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Hedley, Andrew M. « How do counselling psychology trainees experience working with CBT in their placements ? » Thesis, London Metropolitan University, 2018. http://repository.londonmet.ac.uk/3535/.
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Rationale: This study set out to provide an open investigation into how trainee counselling psychologists in the UK experience working with cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) in their placements. Research and commentary by qualified and trainee counselling psychologists have expressed some concern about how well the profession’s values are upheld when they are working with CBT within the NHS and IAPT settings. However, it is unclear how widely these concerns are shared amongst counselling psychologists the majority of whom work in the NHS. Furthermore, the relevance of these concerns to trainees who may work with CBT in a wide range of other clinical settings within the public, charitable, and private sector was uncertain. Method: Interpretative phenomenological analysis was used to explore six final-year trainee counselling psychologists’ lived experience of working with CBT in their placements. Data was collected through semi-structured interviews via Skype. Findings: It uncovered three interconnected superordinate themes: (i) Pure CBT work vs. integration (ii) CBT conflicts with counselling psychology’s values, and (iii) Deconstructing & assimilating CBT. These findings were interpreted and discussed in relation to the existing literature. The key finding was that the participants’ belief in professional values often led them to feel frustrated with their work in CBT placements and with supervisors that expected them to only work with CBT as a stand-alone-approach. In this regard, the participants’ primary training in person-centred therapy or psychodynamic therapy and their preference for integrative approaches was deemed significant. The dissatisfaction reported by the participants concerning their CBT experiences was largely consistent with previous studies. The methodological limitations of the study are discussed and recommendations are made for further research to investigate the extent of these concerns and what could be done to address them.
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Polaha, Jodi. « CFHA in Philadelphia : A Field Trip for ETSU Doctoral Students in Clinical Psychology ». Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2011. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/6768.
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Girdwood, Candace P. Nezu Arthur M. « Predicting adherence in a multifaceted medical regimen / ». Philadelphia, Pa. : Drexel University, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/1860/2530.
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Petit, Édouard. « Essai sur l'influence de quelques affections morales dans les maladies chirurgicales des armées présenté et soutenu à l'école de médecine de Paris le 9 ventose an XI / ». Paris : BIUM, 2004. http://www.bium.univ-paris5.fr/histmed/medica/cote?TPAR1803x203.
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Taliaferro, Linda Kay. « Psychiatric Disorders as Potential Predictors in Medical Disease Development ». ScholarWorks, 2011. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/939.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Millions of individuals suffer disability or death from immune-based inflammatory diseases. If psychiatric disorders could be empirically linked to the prediction of immune-based inflammatory diseases, there would be a basis for promoting disease prevention measures for individuals diagnosed with one of four psychiatric disorders. Psychoneuroimmunology provided the theoretical base for understanding emotionally induced medical disease development. In this quantitative study, a parallel archival research design was used to investigate the degree to which generalized anxiety disorder, posttraumatic stress disorder, major depression recurrent, and dysthymic disorder predicted the presence of atherosclerosis, cardiovascular heart disease, rheumatoid arthritis, cancer, and type II diabetes. There were 1,209 electronic medical records of adult patients obtained through purposive stratified sampling. A secondary data analysis was employed using descriptive cross tabulation, chi-square test of independence, and multinomial logistic regression. The findings revealed major depression recurrent was a statistically significant predictor for atherosclerosis, rheumatoid arthritis, type II diabetes and cancer. Generalized anxiety disorder was a statistically significant predictor for cancer. The results can promote positive social change by providing information that could be used to develop assessment plans that identity individuals who are at risk of developing the comorbid diseases. The prevention programs could effectively be used to minimize the subsequent development of inflammatory diseases, which in turn could decrease the onset of the medical diseases among individuals with psychiatric disorders.
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Shillitoe, R. W. « Contributions from clinical psychology to the understanding and treatment of diabetes mellitus within a health district ». Thesis, University of Bradford, 1986. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.374935.
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Firth-Cozens, Jennifer. « The levels and sources of stress in medical trainees ». Thesis, University of Sheffield, 1990. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.358801.
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Guiffre, Aubree M. « Preparing medical students to counsel for smoking cessation ». Morgantown, W. Va. : [West Virginia University Libraries], 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10450/10792.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--West Virginia University, 2009.Title from document title page. Document formatted into pages; contains ix, 154 p. Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references (p. 112-128).
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Zafar, Sonia. « Health psychology principles in behaviour change interventions : insights from practice and research ». Thesis, City University London, 2012. http://openaccess.city.ac.uk/3669/.
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The overall objective of the study was to identify factors which play a key role in diet and exercise behaviour for migrant and Danish bus drivers in a workplace setting. The aim was to develop a framework to illustrate how the individual, contextual and cultural influences on health behaviour (diet and physical activity) interplay in an everyday perspective. Data was collected using a qualitative approach. Methods applied consisted of contextual based observations and semi structured interviews with sixteen (n=16) bus drivers. Four interviews were conducted with Danish, four with Somali, four with Turkish and four with participants with a Pakistani ethnic origin. The data was analysed using grounded theory. The core category which emerged from the data was „impact of individual, contextual and cultural influences on health behaviours‟. The core category was supported by five higher order categories. These were as follows: (1) Meanings of health (2) health behaviour and the potential to change, (3) Maintaining Balance (4) Workplace influences on health (5) Positioning in the social context. Each of the higher order categories was further supported with categories and sub-categories. The analysis illustrated findings on different levels. As a result of the impact of individual, contextual and cultural findings, strive for balance through a process of equilibrium was core to well-being and health in an everyday perspective. A collection of factors from the different levels of influence played a key role on diet and physical activity in an everyday work-day context. These have been illustrated through the use of quotes and frameworks. Based on the findings of the study, future research and practice recommendations are outlined.
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Chesher, Douglas William. « Exploring the use of a web-based virtual patient to support learning through reflection ». Connect to full text, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/645.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Sydney, 2005.Title from title screen (viewed 19 May 2008). Submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy to the Dept. of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine. Degree awarded 2005; thesis submitted 2004. Includes bibliographical references. Also available in print form.