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Articles de revues sur le sujet « Radiations spatiales »

Auteur : Grafiati

Publié le 16 novembre 2024

Mis à jour le 31 juillet 2025

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1

Kitov, B. I. "Fluorescence of anisotropic primary X-ray radiation." Аналитика и контроль 26, no. 1 (2022): 6–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.15826/analitika.2022.26.1.002.

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In the X-ray spectral fluorescence analysis, the anisotropy of primary radiation results in an uneven radiation of a sample’s surface, strengthening the role of some sections and weakening the role of others. The goal of the current work was to determine the minimal distance from the window of the X-ray tube with a cone-shaped anode at which the intensity of the sample’s radiation becomes homogeneous. The research method was the computer modeling of the X-ray fluorescence experiment. The working model was built on the basis of two equations for the densities of the fluxes of braking and charac

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Schwarz, Benjamin, Matthias Sammer, Nicole Matejka, Sarah Rudigkeit, and Judith Reindl. "High-LET targeted microbeam irradiation induces local chromatin reorganization in living cells showing active basal mechanisms at highly complex DNA damage sites." Journal of Radiation Research and Imaging 2, no. 1 (2023): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.46439/radiation.2.006.

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DNA repair eukaryotic cells have additional protective mechanisms that avoid uncontrolled interaction of different parts of the chromatin and damaged regions. Key factors here are the regulation of chromatin density and mobility. The 4D (temporal and spatial) organization of chromatin is controlling this security barrier by regulating the accessibility of genes, flexibility of DNA, and its ability to move inside the nucleus. How this regulation mechanisms are involved in DNA repair upon radiation damage is until now rarely known but an important part to understand the enhanced effectiveness of

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Volosyuk, V. K., S. S. Zhyla, V. V. Pavlikov, A. D. Abramov та V. G. Yakovlev. "Оptimal algorithm of radio brightness estimation in the spatial distributed radiometric sys-tems". Radiotekhnika, № 191 (22 грудня 2017): 143–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.30837/rt.2017.4.191.13.

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Optimization of processing of radio thermal radiation noise processes in multichannel spatially-distributed radiometric systems is performed. The received algorithms applicable in the systems of aperture synthesis are received within the maximum likelihood method in the assumption that spectral brightness of radiation within the frequency band of the receiver is constant, but as the image of a radiating object it depends on spatial (angular) coordinates. Feature of the solved tasks consists in using spectral VF -transforms which do not require execution of the spatiotemporal band-limitedness (

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Bratman, Vladimir, Yuri Lurie, Yuliya Oparina, and Andrey Savilov. "Capabilities of Terahertz Cyclotron and Undulator Radiation from Short Ultrarelativistic Electron Bunches." Instruments 3, no. 4 (2019): 55. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/instruments3040055.

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Mechanisms of coherent spontaneous cyclotron and undulator radiations of short dense bunches, in which electrons move along the same stationary helical trajectories, but have different dynamic properties, have been compared in detail. The results are based on the simplest 1D model in the form of a plane consisting of uniformly distributed synchronously moving and in-phase emitting particles, as well as numerical 3D codes developed to study the dynamics of bunches in waveguides taking into account the effects of the radiation and spatial charge fields. For cyclotron radiation under group synchr

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Mordachev, V. I. "Assessment of the Contribution of Radiations of User Equipment to the Anthropogenic Electromagnetic Background Created by Mobile (Cellular) Communications." Doklady BGUIR 21, no. 5 (2023): 50–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.35596/1729-7648-2023-21-5-50-58.

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The declared increase in spatial density of user (terminal, peripheral, etc.) radiating equipment (UE) of mobile communications up to 0.1 UE/m2 in 4G (LTE) networks, up to 1.0 UE/m2 in 5G (NR) networks and up to 10 UE/m2 in promising 6G networks may cause an unacceptable increase in electromagnetic background and in corresponding forced risks to public health. The paper proposes a method for assessing the contribution of UE radiations to the level of anthropogenic electromagnetic background created by mobile communications. This method is based on the analysis of the electromagnetic loading on

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Karabekova, D. Zh. "VARIATION OF SPATIALLY HETEROGENEOUS RADIATION BY COORDINATE-SENSITIVE RECEIVER." Eurasian Physical Technical Journal 17, no. 1 (2020): 113–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.31489/2020no1/113-118.

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Kang, Sinkyu, Sungwoo Kim, and Dowon Lee. "Spatial and temporal patterns of solar radiation based on topography and air temperature." Canadian Journal of Forest Research 32, no. 3 (2002): 487–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/x01-221.

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Incident solar radiation is a driving force for many ecological and hydrological processes. For this study, we developed TopoRad, a new radiation model, to describe spatial and temporal patterns of daily radiation based on topography and daily temperature regimes. The model was applied to the Mount Jumbong Forest, located in the mid-eastern area of the Korean peninsula; and the model calculations were evaluated by varying the spatial scales of the digital elevation models (DEMs). In the TopoRad, a clearness index was used to calculate global radiation on a horizontal surface and to partition d

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Pascolutti, Victoria J., and Kevin Arbuckle. "Flowing Round the World: Water Snakes (Natricidae) Show Habitat-Related Adaptive Radiation After Dispersal to the New World." Diversity 17, no. 7 (2025): 449. https://doi.org/10.3390/d17070449.

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Adaptive radiations are characterized by increases in rates of lineage and trait evolution, typically due to the opening of new ecological opportunities such as may follow from dispersal to a new region or the evolution of a trait that allows exploitation of new niches. This results in clades that have accumulated unusually high biological diversity within a relatively short evolutionary timespan and hence the phenomenon has attracted longstanding interest amongst evolutionary biologists. Natricidae is a family of snakes with a primarily Old World distribution but which have colonized the New

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Linder, Hans Peter. "Plant species radiations: where, when, why?" Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 363, no. 1506 (2008): 3097–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2008.0075.

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The spatial and temporal patterns of plant species radiations are largely unknown. I used a nonlinear regression to estimate speciation and extinction rates from all relevant dated clades. Both are surprisingly high. A high species richness can be the result of either little extinction, thus preserving the diversity that dates from older radiations (a ‘mature radiation’), or a ‘recent and rapid radiation’. The analysis of radiations from different regions (Andes, New Zealand, Australia, southwest Africa, tropics and Eurasia) revealed that the diversity of Australia may be largely the result of

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KAWAMURA, TOHRU, KAZUHIKO HORIOKA та FUMIHIRO KOIKE. "Potential of Kα radiation by energetic ionic particles for high energy density plasma diagnostics". Laser and Particle Beams 24, № 2 (2006): 261–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0263034606060393.

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In this paper, potential of diagnostics with the use ofKα radiation for an energy deposition process from an intense ion-beam to background plasma is considered quantitatively.Kα radiation is a good candidate for the purpose. The wavelength ofKα radiation is varied according to the charge state of an emitter atom, and the diagnostics spatially resolved with radiations from various kinds of charge states can give us a profile of plasma temperature in a target material. For the calculation ofKα yield, an atomic population kinetics code is developed, and the result shows thatKα radiation has pote

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Essery, Richard, Peter Bunting, Aled Rowlands, et al. "Radiative Transfer Modeling of a Coniferous Canopy Characterized by Airborne Remote Sensing." Journal of Hydrometeorology 9, no. 2 (2008): 228–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/2007jhm870.1.

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Abstract Solar radiation beneath a forest canopy can have large spatial variations, but this is frequently neglected in radiative transfer models for large-scale applications. To explicitly model spatial variations in subcanopy radiation, maps of canopy structure are required. Aerial photography and airborne laser scanning are used to map tree locations, heights, and crown diameters for a lodgepole pine forest in Colorado as inputs to a spatially explicit radiative transfer model. Statistics of subcanopy radiation simulated by the model are compared with measurements from radiometer arrays, an

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Nagathil, Neeraja, Vineethkumar Vadakkemattathil, Shimod Kundu Parambil, and Prakash Vamanan. "Spatial analysis of radionuclide concentration in the high background radiation regions of Kerala, India." Radiation Protection Dosimetry 199, no. 20 (2023): 2554–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/rpd/ncad195.

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Abstract Every creature on earth undergoes continuous exposure to natural background radiation. Hence, it is crucial to monitor systematically, the degree of radioactivity in the ecosystem and possible radiological health hazards. The present study attempt to investigate the dynamics of prominent radionuclides and various radiological parameters associated with terrestrial gamma radiations along the littoral regions of the Kollam district, a well-reported high background radiation area in India. The gamma radiation exposure rate along the coastal belt of Kollam was measured using a portable Mi

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Bakhtiari, Farhad, Shole Golmohammady, Masoud Yousefi, Fatemeh D. Kashani, and Bijan Ghafary. "Generation of terahertz radiation in collisional plasma by beating of two dark hollow laser beams." Laser and Particle Beams 33, no. 3 (2015): 463–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s026303461500049x.

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AbstractThis paper presents a scheme of terahertz radiation generation based on beating of two dark hollow laser beams with different frequencies, the same electric field amplitudes, in actual plasma with spatially periodic density that electron–neutral collisions have taken into account. The main feature of considered hollow laser beams is, having the same power at different beam orders. Because of special distribution in beam intensity gradient in dark hollow laser beam, the produced terahertz radiation has special field profile. The effects of laser and plasma parameters on terahertz radiat

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Mazzotti, Giulia, Johanna Malle, Sarah Barr, and Tobias Jonas. "Spatially Continuous Characterization of Forest Canopy Structure and Subcanopy Irradiance Derived from Handheld Radiometer Surveys." Journal of Hydrometeorology 20, no. 7 (2019): 1417–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jhm-d-18-0158.1.

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Abstract Small-scale variations in radiative transfer through forest canopies are strongly linked to canopy structural heterogeneity. To date, upscaling of radiative transfer parameterizations developed at the point scale is hampered by (i) poor representation of canopy structure variability and (ii) limited spatially explicit subcanopy irradiance data to assess the performance of radiative transfer schemes at typical resolutions of land surface models. This study presents a novel approach for efficient in situ characterization of canopy structure and subcanopy irradiance over large spatial ex

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GUS'KOV, S. Yu, Yu S. KAS'ANOV, M. O. KOSHEVOI, V. B. ROZANOV, A. A. RUPASOV, and A. S. SHIKANOV. "Scattering and transmission of laser radiation at the heating of low-density foam targets." Laser and Particle Beams 17, no. 2 (1999): 287–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0263034699172148.

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Experimental study of the radiation scattered at the laser heating of low-density foam targets and transmitted through the targets is presented. The scattered and transmitted radiations were investigated using spectrometers and streak cameras providing spatial, angular, spectral and temporal resolutions that enabled us to study the dynamics of the process of burning-through of the thick foam targets, the velocities of the plasma critical density motion as well as mass velocity of the plasma.

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Liu, M., A. Bárdossy, J. Li, and Y. Jiang. "Physically-based modeling of topographic effects on spatial evapotranspiration and soil moisture patterns through radiation and wind." Hydrology and Earth System Sciences 16, no. 2 (2012): 357–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/hess-16-357-2012.

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Abstract. In this paper, simulations with the Soil Water Atmosphere Plant (SWAP) model are performed to quantify the spatial variability of both potential and actual evapotranspiration (ET), and soil moisture content (SMC) caused by topography-induced spatial wind and radiation differences. To obtain the spatially distributed ET/SMC patterns, the field scale SWAP model is applied in a distributed way for both pointwise and catchment wide simulations. An adapted radiation model from r.sun and the physically-based meso-scale wind model METRAS PC are applied to obtain the spatial radiation and wi

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Wang, Qi, Jun Lan, Zhaoyu Deng, Yun Lai, and Xiaozhou Liu. "Acoustic source localization based on acoustic leaky-wave antenna with heterogeneous structure." Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 153, no. 1 (2023): 487–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/10.0016815.

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In this study, an acoustic leaky-wave antenna (LWA) with heterogeneous structure is proposed and the functions of the spatial directional radiation and acoustic source localization are achieved via utilizing the presented antenna configuration. In the radiating mode, the designed antenna possesses peculiar frequency-scanning characteristics, which enable it to determine the directional radiation of sound waves with diverse incident frequencies. Considering the receiving mode, the antenna emerges with explicit directional frequency characteristics, which ensure its function of spatial acoustic

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Tian, Lin, Lin Chen, Peng Zhang, Bo Hu, Yang Gao, and Yidan Si. "The Ground-Level Particulate Matter Concentration Estimation Based on the New Generation of FengYun Geostationary Meteorological Satellite." Remote Sensing 15, no. 5 (2023): 1459. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs15051459.

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The new-generation FengYun geostationary meteorological satellite has a high spatial and temporal resolution, which is advantageous in environmental assessments and air pollution monitoring. This study researched the ground-level particulate matter concentration estimation, based on satellite-observed radiations. The radiation of ground-level particulate matter is separate from the apparent radiation observed by satellites. The positive correlation between PM2.5 and PM10 is also considered to improve the accuracy of inversion results and the interpretability of the estimation model. Then, PM2.

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Kang, S., D. Lee, and J. S. Kimball. "The effects of spatial aggregation of complex topography on hydroecological process simulations within a rugged forest landscape: development and application of a satellite-based topoclimatic model." Canadian Journal of Forest Research 34, no. 3 (2004): 519–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/x03-213.

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We evaluated the effects of topographic complexity on landscape carbon and hydrologic process simulations within a rugged mixed hardwood forest by developing and applying a satellite-based hydroecological model at multiple spatial scales. The effects of topographic variability were evaluated by aggregating raster-based digital elevation model and satellite-derived leaf area index inputs across eight different spatial resolutions from 30 m (62 208 pixels) to 2160 m (12 pixels). Our modeling analysis showed that the effect of topography was the strongest on solar radiation and temperature, inter

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Алгазинов, Э. К., В. А. Шульгин, И. А. Лавриненко та А. А. Сирота. "Анализатор спектра флуоресценции на основе оптоволоконного Y-циркулятора". Письма в журнал технической физики 44, № 14 (2018): 50. http://dx.doi.org/10.21883/pjtf.2018.14.46344.17238.

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AbstractWe consider a method of probe analysis employing fiber-optic a composite Y-circulator design for the implementation of laser-induced fluorescence (LIF) spectroscopy diagnostics. The proposed principle of the LIF analyzer is based on spatially separated directed optical beams of excitation and fluorescence radiations. Conditions of the effective Y-circulator operation as a passive fiber-optic switch are determined. Experimental investigation of the switched radiation losses is performed. An example of using the proposed analyzer for LIF diagnostics of biological media is presented.

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Xue, Chaofan, Xiangyu Meng, Yanqing Wu, et al. "The wave optical whole process design of the soft X-ray interference lithography beamline at SSRF." Journal of Synchrotron Radiation 25, no. 6 (2018): 1869–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s1600577518012833.

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A new spatially coherent beamline has been designed and constructed at the Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility. Here, the design of the beamline is introduced and the spatial coherence is analyzed throughout the whole process by wave optics. The simulation results show good spatial coherence at the endstation and have been proven by experiment results.

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He, Bing, Xi Wu, Kang Liu, Yuanzhi Yao, Wenjiang Chen, and Wei Zhao. "Trends in Forest Greening and Its Spatial Correlation with Bioclimatic and Environmental Factors in the Greater Mekong Subregion from 2001 to 2020." Remote Sensing 14, no. 23 (2022): 5982. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs14235982.

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Understanding trends of vegetation evolution and its spatial characteristics is critical for sustainable social development in the Greater Mekong Subregion (GMS), which is densely populated and still has uneven economic development. Through Theil–Sen/Mann–Kendall tests, polynomial regression and bivariate local autocorrelation analyses, we investigated vegetation greening trends and their spatial correlation with bioclimatic and environmental variables. The study yielded the following results: (1) Land cover in the GMS has changed significantly over the last 20 years. Conversion between forest

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Mueller, E. R., and J. Waldman. "Power and spatial mode measurements of sideband generated, spatially filtered, submillimeter radiation." IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques 42, no. 10 (1994): 1891–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/22.320770.

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Bakhtiari, Farhad, Masoud Yousefi, Shole Golmohammady, Seyed Masoud Jazayeri, and Bijan Ghafary. "Generation of terahertz radiation by beating of two circular flat-topped laser beams in collisional plasma." Laser and Particle Beams 33, no. 4 (2015): 713–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s026303461500083x.

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AbstractThis paper presents a scheme of terahertz (THz) radiation generation based on beating of two flat-topped laser beams by different frequencies and the same electric field amplitudes in actual plasma with spatially periodic density that electron–neutral collisions have been taken into account. Flat-topped laser beams have the exclusive features such as steep gradient in distribution of laser intensities, wider cross-section in comparison with other profiles, which make stronger ponderomotive force and lead to stronger nonlinear current and hence, THz radiation of higher field. The effect

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Kubyshkin, Evgenii P., and Vladimir A. Kulikov. "On a Mechanism for the Formation of Spatially Inhomogeneous Structures of Light Waves in Optical Information Transmission Systems." Modeling and Analysis of Information Systems 27, no. 2 (2020): 152–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.18255/1818-1015-2020-2-152-163.

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Spatially inhomogeneous structures of light waves are used as a mechanism of compacting information in optical and fiber-optic communication systems. In this paper, we consider a mathematical model of an optical radiation generator with a nonlinear delayed feedback loop and a stretching (compression) operator of the spatial coordinates of the light wave in a plane orthogonal to the radiation direction. It is shown that the presence of a delay in the feedback loop can lead to the generation of stable periodic spatially inhomogeneous oscillations. In the space of the main parameters of the gener

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GOMERO, G. I., M. J. REBOUÇAS, A. F. F. TEIXEIRA, and A. BERNUI. "TOPOLOGICAL REVERBERATIONS IN FLAT SPACE–TIMES." International Journal of Modern Physics A 15, no. 26 (2000): 4141–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217751x00002081.

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We study the role played by multiply-connectedness in the time evolution of the energy E(t) of a radiating system that lies in static flat space–time manifolds ℳ4 whose t= const spacelike sections ℳ3 are compact in at least one spatial direction. The radiation reaction equation of the radiating source is derived for the case where ℳ3 has any nontrivial flat topology, and an exact solution is obtained. We show that the behavior of the radiating energy E(t) changes remarkably from exponential damping, when the system lies in ℛ3, to a reverberation pattern (with discontinuities in the derivative

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Gureyev, Timur E., Alexander Kozlov, Yakov I. Nesterets, David M. Paganin, Andrew V. Martin, and Harry M. Quiney. "Signal-to-noise, spatial resolution and information capacity of coherent diffraction imaging." IUCrJ 5, no. 6 (2018): 716–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s2052252518010941.

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It is shown that the average signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) in the three-dimensional electron-density distribution of a sample reconstructed by coherent diffractive imaging cannot exceed twice the square root of the ratio of the mean total number of scattered photons detected during the scan and the number of spatially resolved voxels in the reconstructed volume. This result leads to an upper bound on Shannon's information capacity of this imaging method by specifying the maximum number of distinguishable density distributions within the reconstructed volume when the radiation dose delivered to t

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Pietras-Szewczyk, Małgorzata, and Leszek Szewczyk. "Modelling of real solar radiation spatial distribution as a tool for solar energy cadastre in the cities." Energy & Environment 29, no. 2 (2017): 204–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0958305x17745272.

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The increasing needs of energy and decreasing traditional energy sources are becoming one of the biggest issues of our civilization. The provision of stable energy supply is a matter of state security. The energy consumption keeps growing especially in big cities. Therefore, it became reasonable to produce energy directly in cities. To optimize the use of the solar energy in the city areas, a fundamental issue is to find and estimate the amount of solar radiations at a specified location by using available tools and data. The main goal of this work is to demonstrate the potential of the r.sun

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Kwon, You Jin, and Dong Kun Lee. "Thermal Comfort and Longwave Radiation over Time in Urban Residential Complexes." Sustainability 11, no. 8 (2019): 2251. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11082251.

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Large cities with a high concentration of high-rise buildings are shaded by urban canyon. This brings a cooling effect compared to the space exposed to the sun, but is not always cool due to the longwave radiation emitted from buildings and the built environment. We tested the micro-scale effects of major external spatial factors, trees, and buildings, under shade on longwave radiation shifts to understand the effects of large shaded areas in megacities. Incoming and outgoing longwave radiations (ILR and OLR, respectively) were found to decrease the overall observation by time zone. Longwave r

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Wenqiang Hua, Wenqiang Hua, Guangzhao Zhou Guangzhao Zhou, Yuzhu Wang Yuzhu Wang, et al. "Measurement of the spatial coherence of hard synchrotron radiation using a pencil beam." Chinese Optics Letters 15, no. 3 (2017): 033401–33405. http://dx.doi.org/10.3788/col201715.033401.

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Wang Junjie, 王俊杰, 杨艳芳 Yang Yanfang, 何英 He Ying, 李琦 Li Qi та 王昆峰 Wang Kunfeng. "基于偶极子天线辐射反向创建空间球形聚焦光斑". Acta Optica Sinica 44, № 10 (2024): 1026033. http://dx.doi.org/10.3788/aos231679.

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Zaid, Jabbar Al-Allaq, Zaeer Dhaam Haidar, Jawad Al Dujaili Al-Khazraji Mohammed, and Hameed Ismael Al-Khuzaie Muntadhar. "Discovering the spatial locations of the radio frequency radiations effects around mobile towers." International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE) 13, no. 2 (2023): 1629–38. https://doi.org/10.11591/ijece.v13i2.pp1629-1638.

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Nowadays, smart devices have become a major part of human life, and this need has led to an increase in the demand for these devices, prompting major telecommunications companies to compete with each other to acquire the bulk of this market. This competition led to a significant increase in the number of mobile towers, to expand the coverage area. Each communication tower has transmitters and receivers to connect subscribers within the mobile network and other networks. The receivers and transmitters of each mobile tower operate on radio frequency waves. These waves can cause harm to humans if

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Bauerle, William L., Nilakantan S. Rajaraman, Shruthi Anantharamu, and Joseph D. Bowden. "TREESTRESS: A Within Canopy Spatial Distribution Model for Simulating the Carbon and Water Exchange Response to Atmospheric Thermal and Rhizospheric Water Stress." HortScience 40, no. 4 (2005): 1130A—1130. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.40.4.1130a.

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A model (TREESTRESS, a spatially explicit 3-D process-based model) for simulating the spatial distribution of intracanopy photosynthetic and transpirational responses to multiple stress factors is presented. The model includes intracrown validation on both deciduous and coniferous radiation transfer, incorporation of temperature response functions of Rubisco-, mesophyll-, and RuBP-limited photosynthesis to the widely used Farquhar et al. (1980) photosynthesis model, and a rhizospheric water stress submodel to constrain the Ball-Berry stomatal conductance submodel. The model also includes funct

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Tamburini, Fabrizio, Mariafelicia De Laurentis, and Ignazio Licata. "Radiation from charged particles due to explicit symmetry breaking in a gravitational field." International Journal of Geometric Methods in Modern Physics 15, no. 07 (2018): 1850122. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219887818501220.

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The paradox of a free falling radiating charged particle in a gravitational field is a well-known fascinating conceptual challenge that involves classical electrodynamics and general relativity (GR). We discuss this paradox considering the emission of radiation as a consequence of an explicit space/time symmetry breaking involving the electric field within the trajectory of the particle seen from an external observer. This occurs in certain particular cases when the relative motion of the charged particle does not follow a geodesic of the motion dictated by the explicit Lagrangian formulation

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Alekseeva, I., A. Budnik, and M. Sliuniaev. "MOVING IRRADIATED BY NEUTRONS CONTAINING URANIUM NANOPARTICLES GAS MEDIUM AMPLIFICATION PROPERTIES RESEARCH." PROBLEMS OF ATOMIC SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY. SERIES: NUCLEAR AND REACTOR CONSTANTS 2020, no. 2 (2020): 49–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.55176/2414-1038-2020-2-49-60.

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The search for promising ways of nuclear energy usage has led to the emergence of a whole line of research on the direct conversion of the nuclear reaction products energy into laser radiation. In the present work, the amplifying properties of a spatially inhomogeneous nuclear-excited containing uranium nanoparticles moving argon-xenon medium irradiated by an inhomogeneous neutron field were studied. This work purpose is to investigate the dependence of the laser active medium amplifying properties on the initial gas mixture velocity, neutron pulse duration, and the neutron flux space-time dis

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Zaramella, Mattia, Marco Borga, Davide Zoccatelli, and Luca Carturan. "TOPMELT 1.0: a topography-based distribution function approach to snowmelt simulation for hydrological modelling at basin scale." Geoscientific Model Development 12, no. 12 (2019): 5251–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/gmd-12-5251-2019.

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Abstract. Enhanced temperature-index distributed models for snowpack simulation, incorporating air temperature and a term for clear sky potential solar radiation, are increasingly used to simulate the spatial variability of the snow water equivalent. This paper presents a new snowpack model (termed TOPMELT) which integrates an enhanced temperature-index model into the ICHYMOD semi-distributed basin-scale hydrological model by exploiting a statistical representation of the distribution of clear sky potential solar radiation. This is obtained by discretizing the full spatial distribution of clea

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Mordachev, V. I., and D. A. Tsyanenka. "Influence of Spatial Selectivity of Radiation of Mobile Communication Base Stations on the Level of Electromagnetic Background Introduced by them." Doklady BGUIR 20, no. 7 (2022): 56–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.35596/1729-7648-2022-20-7-56-64.

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Radio frequency electromagnetic radiation from base stations is the main source of electromagnetic background generated by mobile (cellular) communication systems in residential areas; its intensity makes a significant contribution to the level of electromagnetic pollution of the habitat and determines the level of electromagnetic safety of the population. The previously proposed technique for estimating the average intensity of this background, based on the analysis of the territorial intensity of mobile traffic, takes into account the spatial selectivity of base station radiation in a simpli

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Rüdisser, Daniel, Tobias Weiss, and Lukas Unger. "Spatially Resolved Analysis of Urban Thermal Environments Based on a Three-Dimensional Sampling Algorithm and UAV-Based Radiometric Measurements." Sensors 21, no. 14 (2021): 4847. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s21144847.

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A new method and workflow to assess outdoor thermal comfort and thermal stress in urban areas is developed. The new methodology is applied to a case of an urban quarter in the city of Graz. The method recognises the significance of detailed and accurate spatially resolved determination of mean radiant temperatures taking into account all relevant radiative components, comprising thermal radiation, as well as global radiation. The method relies on radiometric imaging data that are mapped onto a three-dimensional model. The image data are acquired by means of drones (UAVs) equipped with multispe

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Sahu, Kiran Chandra, and Jukka Tuhkuri. "Active structural acoustic control of transmitted sound through a double panel partition by weighted sum of spatial gradients." Journal of Low Frequency Noise, Vibration and Active Control 36, no. 1 (2017): 27–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0263092317693479.

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Active control of harmonic sound transmission through an acoustically baffled, rectangular, simply supported double panel partition has been analytically studied. Velocity potential method is used for the vibro-acoustic modeling unlike the commonly used cavity mode method. It is very well-known that at high frequencies uncontrolled double panel partition mostly radiates sound due to the dipole-type motion of the radiating panel, which the volume velocity method can't be able to detect, therefore, weighted sum of spatial gradients is used to control these modes and achieves sound attenuation in

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Ishchenko, E. F., and A. L. Sokolov. "Spatially depolarised laser radiation." Quantum Electronics 34, no. 1 (2004): 91–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1070/qe2004v034n01abeh002588.

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Brunner, W., R. W. John, H. Paul, and H. Steudel. "Radiation reabsorption in a laser-produced plasma." Laser and Particle Beams 6, no. 4 (1988): 723–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0263034600005668.

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Taking into account the emission and absorption of resonance radiation in a recombining laser-produced plasma of intermediate density, the system of rate equations for the population densities coupled with the radiative transfer equation is approximately treated. In the case of spatially varying absorption we derive an approximate form of the rate equation determining the population density of the upper resonance level. By applying this relation to an axially symmetric plasma a simple formula that describes the effect of radiation reabsorption on the spatial behaviour of the population density

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Al-Allaq, Zaid Jabbar, Haidar Zaeer Dhaam, Mohammed Jawad Al Dujaili Al-Khazraji, and Muntadhar Hameed Ismael Al-Khuzaie. "Discovering the spatial locations of the radio frequency radiations effects around mobile towers." International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE) 13, no. 2 (2023): 1629. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijece.v13i2.pp1629-1638.

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<span lang="EN-US">Nowadays, smart devices have become a major part of human life, and this need has led to an increase in the demand for these devices, prompting major telecommunications companies to compete with each other to acquire the bulk of this market. This competition led to a significant increase in the number of mobile towers, to expand the coverage area. Each communication tower has transmitters and receivers to connect subscribers within the mobile network and other networks. The receivers and transmitters of each mobile tower operate on radio frequency waves. These waves ca

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Cheong, Patrick Chi-Kit, Harry Ho-Yin Ng, Alan Tsz-Lok Lam, and Tjonnie Guang Feng Li. "General-relativistic Radiation Transport Scheme in Gmunu. I. Implementation of Two-moment-based Multifrequency Radiative Transfer and Code Tests." Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series 267, no. 2 (2023): 38. http://dx.doi.org/10.3847/1538-4365/acd931.

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Abstract We present the implementation of a two-moment-based general-relativistic multigroup radiation transport module in the General-relativistic multigrid numerical (Gmunu) code. On top of solving the general-relativistic magnetohydrodynamics and the Einstein equations with conformally flat approximations, the code solves the evolution equations of the zeroth- and first-order moments of the radiations in the Eulerian-frame. An analytic closure relation is used to obtain the higher order moments and close the system. The finite-volume discretization has been adopted for the radiation moments

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Chen, Jingdong, Jin Xiang, Shuai Jiang, Qiaofeng Dai, Shaolong Tie, and Sheng Lan. "Multipole Radiations from Large Gold Nanospheres Excited by Evanescent Wave." Nanomaterials 9, no. 2 (2019): 175. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano9020175.

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We proposed the use of the evanescent wave generated in a total internal reflection configuration to excite large gold nanospheres and investigated the radiations of the high-order plasmon modes supported in gold nanospheres. It was revealed that the evanescent wave excitation is equivalent to the excitation by using both the incident and reflected light, offering us the opportunity to control the orientation of the electric field used to excite nanoparticles. In addition, it was found that the scattering light intensity is greatly enhanced and the background noise is considerably suppressed,

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Rashid Niaghi, Ali, Oveis Hassanijalilian, and Jalal Shiri. "Estimation of Reference Evapotranspiration Using Spatial and Temporal Machine Learning Approaches." Hydrology 8, no. 1 (2021): 25. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/hydrology8010025.

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Evapotranspiration (ET) is widely employed to measure amounts of total water loss between land and atmosphere due to its major contribution to water balance on both regional and global scales. Considering challenges to quantifying nonlinear ET processes, machine learning (ML) techniques have been increasingly utilized to estimate ET due to their powerful advantage of capturing complex nonlinear structures and characteristics. However, limited studies have been conducted in subhumid climates to simulate local and spatial ETo using common ML methods. The current study aims to present a methodolo

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Torrisi, Alfio, Przemyslaw Wachulak, Łukasz Węgrzyński, et al. "A stand-alone compact EUV microscope based on gas-puff target source." Journal of Microscopy 265, no. 2 (2016): 251–60. https://doi.org/10.1111/jmi.12494.

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We report on a very compact desk-top transmission extreme ultraviolet (EUV) microscope based on a laser-plasma source with a double stream gas-puff target, capable of acquiring magnified images of objects with a spatial (half-pitch) resolution of sub-50 nm. A multilayer ellipsoidal condenser is used to focus and spectrally narrow the radiation from the plasma, producing a quasi-monochromatic EUV radiation (λ = 13.8 nm) illuminating the object, while a Fresnel zone plate objective forms the image. Design details, development, characterization and optimization of the EUV source and the microscop

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Dunn, Paul Christian, and Leonhard Blesius. "Modeling Insolation, Multi-Spectral Imagery and LiDAR Point-Cloud Metrics to Predict Plant Diversity in a Temperate Montane Forest." Geographies 1, no. 2 (2021): 79–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/geographies1020006.

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Incident solar radiation (insolation) passing through the forest canopy to the ground surface is either absorbed or scattered. This phenomenon, known as radiation attenuation, is measured using the extinction coefficient (K). The amount of radiation reaching the ground surface of a given site is effectively controlled by the canopy’s surface and structure, determining its suitability for plant species. Menhinick’s and Simpson’s biodiversity indexes were selected as spatially explicit response variables for the regression equation using canopy structure metrics as predictors. Independent variab

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Hock, Regine. "A distributed temperature-index ice- and snowmelt model including potential direct solar radiation." Journal of Glaciology 45, no. 149 (1999): 101–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.3189/s0022143000003087.

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AbstractHourly melt and discharge of Storglaciären, a small glacier in Sweden, were computed for two melt seasons, applying temperature-index methods to a 30 m resolution grid for the melt component. The classical degree-day method yielded a good simulation of the seasonal patient of discharge, but the pronounced melt-induced daily discharge cycles were not captured. Modelled degree-day factors calculated for every hour and each gridcell from melt obtained from a distributed energy-balance model varied substantially, both diurnally and spatially. A new distributed temperature-index model is su

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Hock, Regine. "A distributed temperature-index ice- and snowmelt model including potential direct solar radiation." Journal of Glaciology 45, no. 149 (1999): 101–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022143000003087.

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AbstractHourly melt and discharge of Storglaciären, a small glacier in Sweden, were computed for two melt seasons, applying temperature-index methods to a 30 m resolution grid for the melt component. The classical degree-day method yielded a good simulation of the seasonal patient of discharge, but the pronounced melt-induced daily discharge cycles were not captured. Modelled degree-day factors calculated for every hour and each gridcell from melt obtained from a distributed energy-balance model varied substantially, both diurnally and spatially. A new distributed temperature-index model is su

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Kozak, Kenneth H., David W. Weisrock, and Allan Larson. "Rapid lineage accumulation in a non-adaptive radiation: phylogenetic analysis of diversification rates in eastern North American woodland salamanders (Plethodontidae: Plethodon )." Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 273, no. 1586 (2005): 539–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2005.3326.

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Adaptive radiations have served as model systems for quantifying the build-up of species richness. Few studies have quantified the tempo of diversification in species-rich clades that contain negligible adaptive disparity, making the macroevolutionary consequences of different modes of evolutionary radiation difficult to assess. We use mitochondrial-DNA sequence data and recently developed phylogenetic methodologies to explore the tempo of diversification of eastern North American Plethodon , a species-rich clade of woodland salamanders exhibiting only limited phenotypic disparity. Lineage-thr

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