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Littérature scientifique sur le sujet « Recycling, synthetic plastics, enzymes »

Auteur : Grafiati
Publié le 4 juin 2021
Mis à jour le 1 février 2022

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Articles de revues sur le sujet "Recycling, synthetic plastics, enzymes"

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Zimmermann, Wolfgang. « Biocatalytic recycling of polyethylene terephthalate plastic ». Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A : Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences 378, no 2176 (6 juillet 2020) : 20190273. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsta.2019.0273.

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The global production of plastics made from non-renewable fossil feedstocks has grown more than 20-fold since 1964. While more than eight billion tons of plastics have been produced until today, only a small fraction is currently collected for recycling and large amounts of plastic waste are ending up in landfills and in the oceans. Pollution caused by accumulating plastic waste in the environment has become worldwide a serious problem. Synthetic polyesters such as polyethylene terephthalate (PET) have widespread use in food packaging materials, beverage bottles, coatings and fibres. Recently, it has been shown that post-consumer PET can be hydrolysed by microbial enzymes at mild reaction conditions in aqueous media. In a circular plastics economy, the resulting monomers can be recovered and re-used to manufacture PET products or other chemicals without depleting fossil feedstocks and damaging the environment. The enzymatic degradation of post-consumer plastics thereby represents an innovative, environmentally benign and sustainable alternative to conventional recycling processes. By the construction of powerful biocatalysts employing protein engineering techniques, a biocatalytic recycling of PET can be further developed towards industrial applications. This article is part of a discussion meeting issue ‘Science to enable the circular economy’.
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Atanasova, Nikolina, Stoyanka Stoitsova, Tsvetelina Paunova-Krasteva et Margarita Kambourova. « Plastic Degradation by Extremophilic Bacteria ». International Journal of Molecular Sciences 22, no 11 (25 mai 2021) : 5610. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms22115610.

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Intensive exploitation, poor recycling, low repeatable use, and unusual resistance of plastics to environmental and microbiological action result in accumulation of huge waste amounts in terrestrial and marine environments, causing enormous hazard for human and animal life. In the last decades, much scientific interest has been focused on plastic biodegradation. Due to the comparatively short evolutionary period of their appearance in nature, sufficiently effective enzymes for their biodegradation are not available. Plastics are designed for use in conditions typical for human activity, and their physicochemical properties roughly change at extreme environmental parameters like low temperatures, salt, or low or high pH that are typical for the life of extremophilic microorganisms and the activity of their enzymes. This review represents a first attempt to summarize the extraordinarily limited information on biodegradation of conventional synthetic plastics by thermophilic, alkaliphilic, halophilic, and psychrophilic bacteria in natural environments and laboratory conditions. Most of the available data was reported in the last several years and concerns moderate extremophiles. Two main questions are highlighted in it: which extremophilic bacteria and their enzymes are reported to be involved in the degradation of different synthetic plastics, and what could be the impact of extremophiles in future technologies for resolving of pollution problems.
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Leitão, Ana Lúcia, et Francisco J. Enguita. « Structural Insights into Carboxylic Polyester-Degrading Enzymes and Their Functional Depolymerizing Neighbors ». International Journal of Molecular Sciences 22, no 5 (26 février 2021) : 2332. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms22052332.

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Esters are organic compounds widely represented in cellular structures and metabolism, originated by the condensation of organic acids and alcohols. Esterification reactions are also used by chemical industries for the production of synthetic plastic polymers. Polyester plastics are an increasing source of environmental pollution due to their intrinsic stability and limited recycling efforts. Bioremediation of polyesters based on the use of specific microbial enzymes is an interesting alternative to the current methods for the valorization of used plastics. Microbial esterases are promising catalysts for the biodegradation of polyesters that can be engineered to improve their biochemical properties. In this work, we analyzed the structure-activity relationships in microbial esterases, with special focus on the recently described plastic-degrading enzymes isolated from marine microorganisms and their structural homologs. Our analysis, based on structure-alignment, molecular docking, coevolution of amino acids and surface electrostatics determined the specific characteristics of some polyester hydrolases that could be related with their efficiency in the degradation of aromatic polyesters, such as phthalates.
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Nikolaivits, Efstratios, Phaedra Dimopoulou, Veselin Maslak, Jasmina Nikodinovic-Runic et Evangelos Topakas. « Discovery and Biochemical Characterization of a Novel Polyesterase for the Degradation of Synthetic Plastics ». Chemistry Proceedings 2, no 1 (9 novembre 2020) : 33. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/eccs2020-07572.

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Plastic waste poses an enormous environmental problem as a result of soil and ocean contamination, causing the release of microplastics that end up in humans through the food web. Enzymatic degradation of plastics has emerged as an alternative to traditional recycling processes. In the present work, we used bioinfomatics tools to discover a gene coding for a putative polyester degrading enzyme (polyesterase). The gene was heterologously expressed, purified and biochemically characterized. Furthermore, its ability to degrade polyethylene terephthalate (PET) model substrates and synthetic plastics was assessed.
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Hubbe, Martin A., Nathalie Lavoine, Lucian A. Lucia et Chang Dou. « Formulating bioplastic composites for biodegradability, recycling, and performance : A Review ». BioResources 16, no 1 (1 novembre 2020) : 2021–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.15376/biores.16.1.hubbe.

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Society’s wish list for future packaging systems is placing some daunting challenges upon researchers: In addition to protecting contents during storage and shipping, the material must not bio-accumulate, and it should be readily recyclable by using practical processing steps. This article considers strategies employing bio-based plastics and reviews published information relative to their performance. Though bioplastics such as poly(lactic acid) (PLA) and poly(hydroxybutyrate) (PHB) can be prepared from plant materials, their default properties are generally inferior to those of popular synthetic plastics. In addition, some bioplastics are not easily decomposed in soil or seawater, and the polymers can undergo chemical breakdown during recycling. This review considers strategies to overcome such challenges, including the use of biodegradable cellulose-based reinforcing particles. In addition to contributing to strength, the cellulose can swell the bioplastic, allowing enzymatic attack. The rate-controlling step in bioplastic degradation also can be abiotic, i.e. not involving enzymes. Though there is much more work to be done, much progress has been achieved in formulating bioplastic composites that are biodegradable, recyclable, and higher in strength compared to the neat polymer. Emphasis in this review is placed on PLA and PHB, but not to the exclusion of other bioplastic matrix materials.
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Matsumura, Shuichi. « Enzyme-Catalyzed Synthesis and Chemical Recycling of Polyesters ». Macromolecular Bioscience 2, no 3 (1 avril 2002) : 105. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/1616-5195(20020401)2:3<105 ::aid-mabi105>3.0.co;2-k.

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Mueller, Rolf-Joachim. « Biological degradation of synthetic polyesters—Enzymes as potential catalysts for polyester recycling ». Process Biochemistry 41, no 10 (octobre 2006) : 2124–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.procbio.2006.05.018.

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Jaysree, R. C., K. P. Subhash Chandra et T. V. Sankar. « Biodegradability of Synthetic Plastics – A Review ». International Journal of ChemTech Research 12, no 6 (2019) : 125–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.20902/ijctr.2019.120616.

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Plastics are chemically synthesized polymers made up of two sets of plastics - thermosetting and thermoplastics. There different properties have made it to enter in different sectors and replaced the conventional materials. There durability has made it non biodegradable and has also affected the environment due to its large production according to the need of the growing population. The use of biological means to degrade these plastics has been extensively studied by using different microorganisms collected from mainly contaminated sites. This paper discuss about the different screening methods for the detection of plastic degrading microorganisms. The different enzymes synthesized by microorganisms degrade different types of plastics
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Soeda, Yasuyuki, Kazunobu Toshima et Shuichi Matsumura. « Synthesis and Chemical Recycling of Novel Poly(ester-urethane)s Using an Enzyme ». Macromolecular Bioscience 5, no 4 (19 avril 2005) : 277–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mabi.200400176.

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Yang, Xian Hai, et C. Y. Lv. « Study on Plastics Optimal Separating Technology and Equipment Based on Resource-Conserving ». Materials Science Forum 628-629 (août 2009) : 251–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.628-629.251.

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A new optimal technology and process of separating plastic from domestic waste was presented according to the recycling benefit. An optimal analysis modal was established and the recycling benefit was analyzed. The technique and process of plastic separation was studied. As a result, the investment is much less than that of the synthetic recycling treatment and the recycling benefit is also higher. Depending on optimal separating technique and process, it can reclaim plastic that has high recycling value to a maximum in 15 separating type. A mathematical model of the separating process was established, and the effect of some parameters such as wind speed, sloping angle of airflow on the separating rate was studied; with an optimal 15 m/s wind-speed horizontally and 14-degree blowing angle, so that the rate of separating plastic is over 85%. Therefore, the enterprises can realize persistent development for a long run without government allowances.
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Thèses sur le sujet "Recycling, synthetic plastics, enzymes"

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Wei, Ren, et Wolfgang Zimmermann. « Microbial enzymes for the recycling of recalcitrant petroleum-based plastics : how far are we ? » Universität Leipzig, 2017. https://ul.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A21103.

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Petroleum-based plastics have replaced many natural materials in their former applications. With their excellent properties, they have found widespread uses in almost every area of human life. However, the high recalcitrance of many synthetic plastics results in their long persistence in the environment, and the growing amount of plastic waste ending up in landfills and in the oceans has become a global concern. In recent years, a number of microbial enzymes capable of modifying or degrading recalcitrant synthetic polymers have been identified. They are emerging as candidates for the development of biocatalytic plastic recycling processes, by which valuable raw materials can be recovered in an environmentally sustainable way. This review is focused on microbial biocatalysts involved in the degradation of the synthetic plastics polyethylene, polystyrene, polyurethane and polyethylene terephthalate (PET). Recent progress in the application of polyester hydrolases for the recovery of PET building blocks and challenges for the application of these enzymes in alternative plastic waste recycling processes will be discussed.
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Livres sur le sujet "Recycling, synthetic plastics, enzymes"

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Irwin-Whylie, Suzanne. Evaluation and research report on the use of a new biodegradable resin. Toronto : Environment Ontario, 1991.

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Degradation of Plastics. m, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21741/9781644901335.

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The degradation of plastics is most important for the removal and recycling of plastic wastes. The book presents a comprehensive overview of the field. Topics covered include plastic degradation methods, mechanistic actions, biodegradation, involvement of enzymes, photocatalytic degradation and the use of cyanobacteria. Also covered are the market of degradable plastics and the environmental implications. The degradation of plastics is most important for the removal and recycling of plastic wastes. The book presents a comprehensive overview of the field. Topics covered include plastic degradation methods, mechanistic actions, biodegradation, involvement of enzymes, photocatalytic degradation and the use of cyanobacteria. Also covered are the market of degradable plastics and the environmental implications.
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Chapitres de livres sur le sujet "Recycling, synthetic plastics, enzymes"

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Akram, N. « Degradable Plastic Recycling ». Dans Degradation of Plastics, 81–94. m, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21741/9781644901335-3.

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The public demand of plastics for food, drinks, consumable and packaging is increasing enormously all over the world. Due to limited available plastic resources, it is challenging to meet the stipulation of the massive population. The contribution of the synthetic plastic industry is encouraging to cope with these challenges. However, it is not only restricted towards production, but the degradation of its waste is also equally arduous and even more complicated to a large extent. A useful solution to this problem is recycling instead of degradation. In order to optimize the utility of recycling, various techniques are in progress. Plastic recycling is an acceptable technique to keep the economy in circulation. Moreover, it is an effective way to reduce the environmental pollution and to promote green environment.
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Cobongela, S. Z. Z. « Enzymes Involved in Plastic Degradation ». Dans Degradation of Plastics, 95–110. m, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21741/9781644901335-4.

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The global increase in production of plastic and accumulation in the environment is becoming a major concern especially to the aquatic life. This is due to the natural resistance of plastic to both physical and chemical degradation. Lack of biodegradability of plastic polymers is linked to, amongst other factors, the mobility of the polymers in the crystalline part of the polyesters as they are responsible for enzyme interaction. There are significantly few catabolic enzymes that are active in breaking down polyesters which are the constituents of plastic. The synthetic polymers widely used in petroleum-based plastics include polyethylene (PE), polypropylene (PP), polyvinylchloride (PVC), polyurethane (PUR), polystyrene (PS), polyamide (PA) and polyethylene terephthalate (PET) being the ones used mostly. Polymers with heteroatomic backbone such as PET and PUR are easier to degrade than the straight carbon-carbon backbone polymers such as PE, PP, PS and PVC.
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« CAN P O LY ET H Y LEN E BE A PHOTO(BIO)DEGRADABLE SYNTHETIC POLYM ER ? » Dans Degradable Polymers, Recycling, and Plastics Waste Management, 161–72. CRC Press, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9780585400013-15.

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« AEROBIC BIODEGRADATION O F SYNTHETIC AND N A TU R AL POLYM ERIC M ATERIALS : A COM PONENT O F INTEGRATED SOLID-W ASTE M ANAG EM ENT ». Dans Degradable Polymers, Recycling, and Plastics Waste Management, 241–52. CRC Press, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9780585400013-22.

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Muneer, F. « Plastics Versus Bioplastics ». Dans Degradation of Plastics, 193–237. m, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21741/9781644901335-9.

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Plastics are polymers of long chain hydrocarbons based on petrochemicals. Due to their physiochemical properties these are almost non-degradable and their complete recycling is impossible. High production rate and less disposal capacities have made plastic environmental pollutant resulting in severe impacts on the health of organisms and destruction of habitats thus effecting the biosphere in different ways. Biodegradation, thermal and catalytic degradation of plastics is widely studied to ensure a sustainable disposal of plastic waste with limited results until the present however, a new field where ecofriendly polymers obtained from natural biomass are used to make materials is flourishing. Bioplastics are polymers derived from biomass such as cellulose, starch, chitin and microbial polyhydroxyalkanoates that have the ability to produce products of daily use that can replace their counter parts made from the synthetic plastics. Bioplastics degrade easily in natural environment and replace the petrochemical based plastic polymers, thus saving the natural environment from plastic pollution and ensuring a sustainable environment.
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Patrick, Graham. « 8. Polymers, plastics, and textiles ». Dans Organic Chemistry : A Very Short Introduction, 127–44. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/actrade/9780198759775.003.0008.

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Over the last fifty years, synthetic materials have largely replaced natural materials such as wood, leather, wool, and cotton. Plastics and polymers are perhaps the most visible sign of how organic chemistry has changed society. ‘Polymers, plastics, and textiles’ explains that polymerization involves linking molecular building blocks (termed monomers) into long molecular strands called polymers and describes the two general approaches to preparing polymers: addition polymers and condensation polymers. The various health, environmental, ecological, and economic issues are considered before looking at the processes of recycling and depolymerization and recent efforts to develop biodegradable plastics and bioplastics. It ends with exciting new developments of new polymers with novel applications.
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Malik, Javid A., et Monika Bhadauria. « Polyhydroxyalkanoates ». Dans Handbook of Research on Environmental and Human Health Impacts of Plastic Pollution, 370–87. IGI Global, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-9452-9.ch018.

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Human dependence on number of chemicals or chemical derivatives has increased alarmingly. Among the commodity chemicals, plastics are becoming independent for our modern lifestyle, as the usage of plastics is increasing worryingly. However, these synthetic plastics are extremely persistent in nature and accumulate in the environment, thereby leading to serious ecological problems. So, to build our economy sustainably, a need of replacement is necessary. Biomaterials in terms of bioplastics are an anticipated option, being synthesized and catabolized by different organisms with myriad biotechnological applications. Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) are among such biodegradable bioplastics, which are considered as an effective alternative for conventional plastics due to their similar mechanical properties of plastics. A range of microbes under different nutrient and environmental conditions produce PHAs significantly with the help of enzymes. PHA synthases encoded by phaC genes are the key enzymes that polymerize PHA monomers. Four major classes of PHA synthases can be distinguished based on their primary structures, as well as the number of subunits and substrate specificity. PHAs can also be produced from renewable feedstock under, unlike the petrochemically derived plastics that are produced by fractional distillation of depleting fossil fuels. Polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB) is the simplest yet best known polyester of PHAs, as the PHB derived bioplastics are heat tolerant, thus used to make heat tolerant and clear packaging film. They have several medical applications such as drug delivery, suture, scaffold and heart valves, tissue engineering, targeted drug delivery, and agricultural fields. Genetic modification (GM) may be necessary to achieve adequate yields. The selections of suitable bacterial strains, inexpensive carbon sources, efficient fermentation, and recovery processes are also some aspects important aspects taken into consideration for the commercialization of PHA. PHA producers have been reported to reside at various ecological niches with few among them also produce some byproducts like extracellular polymeric substances, rhamnolipids and biohydrogen gas. So, the metabolic engineering thereafter promises to bring a feasible solution for the production of “green plastic” in order to preserve petroleum reserves and diminish the escalating human and animal health concerns environmental implications.
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