Articles de revues : « Respiratory organs Diseases »

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Starevskaya, S. V., M. M. Goloborodko, O. V. Berleva, S. V. Barashkova, I. Yu Melnikova, V. Yu Detkov, and V. P. Molodtsova. "CONDITION OF RESPIRATORY MUCOSA AT CHILDREN WITH RESPIRATORY DISTRESS." HERALD of North-Western State Medical University named after I.I. Mechnikov 7, no. 1 (March 15, 2015): 88–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/mechnikov20157188-92.

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42 children with the diseases of respiratory organs complicated by respiratory failure have been examined to determine the nature of inflammatory changes of a tracheobronchial tree and a condition of mucoсiliary system . At children with acute diseases of respiratory organs the neutrophillic inflammation of tracheobronchial tree mucous has been revealed more often, at children with chronic diseases of lungs has been more often noted lymphocytic eosinophilic an inflammation of tracheobronchial tree mucous , obvious thaumatropy and dystrophy of ciliate epithelium. At 10% of children primary motor disturbance of the mucoсiliary system (total immobility of cilia) has been revealed.

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Chunxi, Li, Liu Haiyue, Lin Yanxia, Pan Jianbing, and Su Jin. "The Gut Microbiota and Respiratory Diseases: New Evidence." Journal of Immunology Research 2020 (July 31, 2020): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/2340670.

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Human body surfaces, such as the skin, intestines, and respiratory and urogenital tracts, are colonized by a large number of microorganisms, including bacteria, fungi, and viruses, with the gut being the most densely and extensively colonized organ. The microbiome plays an essential role in immune system development and tissue homeostasis. Gut microbiota dysbiosis not only modulates the immune responses of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract but also impacts the immunity of distal organs, such as the lung, further affecting lung health and respiratory diseases. Here, we review the recent evidence of the correlations and underlying mechanisms of the relationship between the gut microbiota and common respiratory diseases, including asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), cystic fibrosis (CF), lung cancer, and respiratory infection, and probiotic development as a therapeutic intervention for these diseases.

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.Aleshkin, A. V., and M. V. Zeigarnik. "Phagotherapy of suppurative-inflammatory diseases of the respiratory organs." Infekcionnye bolezni 13, no. 3 (2015): 46–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.20953/1729-9225-2015-3-46-53.

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Klimova, I. V. "Assessment of Occupational Risks of Respiratory Diseases." Occupational Safety in Industry, no. 10 (October 2023): 83–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.24000/0409-2961-2023-10-83-89.

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The article discusses a new approach to assessing occupational risk by chemical factor, including a preliminary qualitative analysis of substances in two groups: carcinogens and non-carcinogens. An example of classification of substances according to the characteristics of the impact on the organs and systems of an employee is given using the example of an oil refinery, the mathematical apparatus for calculating non-carcinogenic risks from substances that affect the respiratory organs. The construction is described related to the fuzzy model with two input parameters (chemicals and suspended substances) and the output parameters. Modeling includes 4 stages: phasification; building a base of fuzzy production rules; composition using aggregation methods; dephasification. A variant of phasification of three selected parameters of personnel health risk assessment is proposed: «low», «medium», «high». In an interactive mode, the development and visualization of a fuzzy inference system for the problem being solved was carried out using graphical tools of the Fuzzy Logic Toolbox extension package for the MATLAB computer mathematics environment. Visual dependences of the output parameter on the influence of harmful non-carcinogenic substances were obtained: fuzzy output table, 3D fuzzy output surface. The proposed model can be built into the existing methodology for assessing the occupational risk of an enterprise, adapted to carcinogenic substances, or supplemented with other input parameters characterizing working conditions.

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Sukhova, Anna V., E. A. Preobrazhenskaya, A. V. Il’Nitskaya, and V. A. Kir’Yakov. "THE HEALTH OF WORKERS OF CONCENTRATING MILLS BY MODERN TECHNOLOGIES OF CONCENTRATION OF MINERALS AND PREVENTION MEASURES." Health Care of the Russian Federation 61, no. 4 (May 24, 2019): 196–201. http://dx.doi.org/10.18821/0044-197x-2017-61-4-196-201.

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The article presents the results of study of factors of occupational risk for health of workers of ore-dressing factories. At ore-dressing factories, despite of implementing new technological processes and modern equipment, leading role of noise factor and pollution of air of working zone with aerosols predominantly of fibrogenic effect is preserved. for workers of ore-dressing factories a high degree of industrial conditioning of diseases of blood circulation organs, respiratory organs, bone muscular system, INT organs is specific. The structure of occupational diseases is formed by dust diseases of lungs and occupational pathology of organ of hearing. The complex of preventive measures is developed and ways of their implementation are proposed targeted to supporting health of workers opf ore-dressing factories and preventing development of occupational and occupationally conditioned diseases.

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Kamaev, I. A., V. M. Levanov, E. A. Perevezentsev, and O. V. Undalova. "Morbidity of Nizhny Novgorod Region population with respiratory organs diseases." Medical almanac, no. 2 (2017): 18–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.21145/2499-9954-2017-2-18-21.

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Koldibekova, Yu V., Marina A. Zemlyanova, A. M. Ignatova, I. V. Tikhonova, N. I. Markovich, K. V. Chetverkina, and V. M. Ukhabov. "ASSESSMENT OF THE RISK FOR HEALTH DISORDERS IN CHILDREN WHO LIVE IN A TERRITORY OF THE ZONE OF EXPOSURE TO PRODUCTION OF METALLURGICAL ALUMINUM." Hygiene and sanitation 98, no. 2 (April 29, 2019): 135–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.18821/0016-9900-2019-98-2-135-141.

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Introduction. The atmospheric air is known to be the most contaminated on territories where industries are highly developed; non-ferrous metallurgy is one of them that make the greatest contribution into atmospheric air contamination. Data and methods. Our research objects were air samples taken on territories where there was located an enterprise producing metallurgic aluminum and our reference samples were taken on a territory where there was no such production; we also examined databases containing data on morbidity of children population, non-carcinogenic risk assessment, number of exposed population, and the results of epidemiologic examination. Results. Quality of the atmospheric air was unsatisfactory as there were concentrations of suspended substances, PM10 solid particles, nitrogen dioxide, sulfur dioxide, as well as persistence occurrence of manganese, nickel, and copper compounds resulted from activities of enterprises that produced metallurgic aluminum. All the above-mentioned admixtures cause an unacceptable risk of non-carcinogenic effects emerging in the respiratory organs. A significant contribution into hazard index is made by suspended substances, PM10 and PM2.5 particles. Fine-dispersed fraction having a complicated chemical structure (ferric oxides; aluminum, silicon, nickel, chromium, titanium, and manganese oxides), can aggravate negative impacts on the respiratory organs, exerted by the identified risk factors. The prevalence of respiratory organs diseases among children population living on an exposed territory confirms environmental risks to make increased levels of the overall and primary morbidity rate. We proved a probability of respiratory organs diseases to be depended on concentrations of the examined substances in the atmosphere, including suspended substances and fine-dispersed fractions of PM10 and PM2.5, nitrogen oxide, nitrogen dioxide, sulfur dioxide, compounds of nickel, manganese, and copper. Discussion. The detected cause-and-effect relations between a risk of increased morbidity with respiratory organs diseases in children and exposure to chemical risk factors, primarily suspended particles, PM10 and PM2.5, are also confirmed by results obtained in a number of research that concentrates on peculiarities of effects produced by the examined chemical factors on respiratory organs diseases in children. Conclusions. Children living on a territory exposed to the exposure exerted by an enterprise that produces metallurgic aluminum have a chronic aerogenic risk for respiratory organs diseases; this risk becomes apparent due to the elevated morbidity rate of respiratory organs diseases. This risk is proved to be related to impacts exerted by suspended substances and fine-dispersed fractions of PM10 and PM2.5, nitrogen oxide, nitrogen dioxide, sulfur dioxide, manganese, nickel, and copper.

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Cheberyachko, S., Yu Cheberyachko, D. Radchuk, O. Deryugin, D. Klimov, O. Sharovatova, and V. Gridiaiev. "INDIVIDUAL RESPIRATORY PROTECTION EQUIPMENT: INNOVATIONS TO REDUCE THE RISK OF OCCUPATIONAL DISEASES." Municipal economy of cities 1, no. 175 (April 3, 2023): 221–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.33042/2522-1809-2023-1-175-221-228.

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Individual respiratory protective equipment (PPE) is the last barrier to protect workers when performing production tasks in harmful and dangerous working conditions. The article analyzes modern innovative designs of personal respiratory protective equipment, which increase the level of protection of users during their operation. The method of morphological analysis is applied. This method based on the selection of possible solutions for assessing the manufacturability of PPE models (if there is a system of criteria) and making a rational decision regarding the features of their application in production conditions. As a result, it was established that in order to ensure the appropriate duration of the protective action of gas and dust filters and to avoid both poisoning of workers due to the ingress of harmful aerosols into the sub-mask space of the filter respirator, and excessive physical exhaustion due to the increase in pressure drop above the standard substances, it is recommended to equip the filters with special indicators for determining air pollution and pressure drop values. It was determined that in order to increase the reliability of the protection of workers, it is necessary to equip filter respirators with the functions of operational control of breathing resistance, place a headrest to control the occurrence of possible gaps behind the obturation band when performing various production operations, and establish the real term of the protective effect of the filters. The practical value of the work is innovative solutions to improve the designs of existing filter respirators, which will allow control over technological parameters during operation. In particular, the density along the obturation strip and the magnitude of the tension force of the respirator headgear. Recommendations are also given for controlling the term of the protective action of gas filters, since determining the specified indicators based on the organoleptic abilities of the user is dangerous for health. Keywords: risk, means of individual protection of respiratory organs, filtering respirator.

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Filimonov, S. N., N. I. Panev, O. Yu Korotenko, N. A. Evseeva, I. P. Danilov, and O. V. Zatsepina. "Prevalence of somatic pathology in coal mine workers with occupational respiratory diseases." Russian Journal of Occupational Health and Industrial Ecology, no. 6 (July 5, 2019): 381–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.31089/1026-9428-2019-6-381-384.

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Introduction. Th e high level of professional and production-related pathology among workers of the coal industry, as well as the frequent development of their combined pathology with an unfavorable prognosis determine the relevance of studying the prevalence of somatic pathology in miners with occupational diseases of the respiratory system.The aim of the study was to explore the prevalence of internal organs pathology in coal industry workers with occupational lung diseases (anthracosilicosis, chronic dust bronchitis, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease).Materials and methods. 788 store miners and shaft sinkers with previously diagnosed occupational respiratory diseases (anthracosilicosis, chronic dust bronchitis, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease) and 161 miners, working for a long time in harmful labour conditions and having no occupational pathology (the control group) were examined.Results. It was revealed that the workers of the coal industry with occupational diseases of the respiratory system pathology of internal organs occurs more often than the workers of the control group, including: diseases of the cardiovascular system (hypertension, angina pectoris I and II functional classes), diseases of the digestive system (nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and chronic pancreatitis), kidney disease (chronic pyelonephritis), as well as a combination of several somatic diseases.Conclusions. In miners with occupational diseases of the respiratory system more oft en than in the control group, there is a pathology of the internal organs: diseases of the cardiovascular system, digestive organs, kidneys, as well as a combination of several somatic diseases. Th e data obtained should be considered during periodic medical examinations and medical examinations for the development of timely therapeutic and preventive and rehabilitation measures.

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Lazic, Sava, Tamas Petrovic, Ivan Pusic, and Maja Velhner. "Most frequent calf diseases in industrial breeding." Veterinarski glasnik 58, no. 1-2 (2004): 67–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/vetgl0402067l.

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It is possible to conduct an analysis of the incidence of viral diseases in calves if these diseases are divided into two basic groups. One group comprises diseases of respiratory organs which are manifested by symptoms of a respiratory syndrome, and the second group comprises diseases of digestive tract organs in the form of a gastrointestinal syndrome. It is considered that viruses have the dominant role in the complex etiology of the respiratory syndrome, primarily the IBR virus or the Bovine Herpes Virus-1 (BHV-1), followed by the parainfluenza 3 virus (RSV), the Bovine Viral Diahrrea Virus (BVDV), the bovine Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV), but also other viruses, such as adenoviruses, rhinoviruses, coronaviruses, can also influence the appearance of the respiratory syndrome. The respiratory syndrome is rarely caused by a single viral agent, but most frequently by mixed viruses, but also by bacterial infections. Mixed viral infections often have a lethal outcome. Investigations of the etiology of the gastrointestinal syndrome so far indicate that, in addition to bacteria, viruses can also be a significant etiological factor. Rotaviruses, coronaviruses, adenoviruses parvoviruses, herpesviruses (the IBR virus), pestiviruses (BVDV), can be the causes of a gastrointestinal syndrome. It is believed that viruses can be the cause in about 10% cases in the ethiopathogenesis of this syndrome. The paper describes the etiopathogenesis of calf diseases of viral etiology which are most often found in the local conditions of industrial breeding of calves.

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Garipova, R. V., and Z. M. Berkheeva. "Occupational pathology of respiratory organs in health care workers: issues of timely diagnosis." Russian Journal of Occupational Health and Industrial Ecology, no. 2 (February 21, 2020): 89–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.31089/1026-9428-2020-60-2-89-92.

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Introduction. In the structure of occupational diseases of medical workers, respiratory pathology occupies a leading place, accounting for 60% in the Republic of Tatarstan. The most common are diseases from exposure to infectious agents in the form of various forms of respiratory tuberculosis. Most often, an infiltrative form is diagnosed, accompanied in 48.6% of cases by bacilli discharge.The aim of the study is to explore the structure of occupational respiratory diseases in workers of the healthcare industry of the Republic of Tatarstan, to identify factors that affect their early diagnosis during medical examinations.Materials and methods. A retrospective analysis of cases of occupational respiratory diseases in health care workers according to the office of Rospotrebnadzor of the Republic of Tatarstan and the register of patients of the Republican Center of Occupational Pathology.Results. In the structure of occupational diseases of the respiratory system, the leading place is occupied by pulmonary tuberculosis, amounting to 86%, followed by bronchial asthma–8%, chronic toxic bronchitis–4% and subatrophic rhinopharyngolaryngitis–2%. Analysis of cases of occupational respiratory pathology showed that only tuberculosis was detected during periodic medical examinations. Other respiratory diseases were diagnosed by applying for medical care, when there was a pronounced negative trend and when the disease was initially associated with the profession, we had to talk about sending it to the Bureau of medical and social expertise.Conclusions. Early diagnosis of occupational respiratory diseases of allergic etiology and toxic respiratory lesions in medical workers at periodic medical examinations can be achieved by the quality of a special assessment of working conditions due to the mandatory assessment of the chemical factor-contact with allergens, antitumor drugs, hormones, enzymes of microbial origin, narcotic analgesics, regardless of the concentration of harmful substances in the air of the working area. It is also necessary to take into account the presence of substances with an acute irritant effect.

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Marchuk, I. V. "INTERPLAY OF METABOLIC DYSREGULATIONS, OBESITY, PATHOLOGIES OF ABDOMINAL ORGANS, RESPIRATORY ORGANS, CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM, AND CHRONIC KIDNEY DISORDERS AS POTENTIAL RISK FACTORS FOR MALIGNANT NEOPLASMS IN THE CONTEXT OF PALLIATIVE MEDICAL PRACTICE." Bukovinian Medical Herald 28, no. 1 (109) (March 28, 2024): 56–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.24061/2413-0737.28.1.109.2024.9.

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Metabolic changes, obesity, diseases of the abdominal cavity organs, respiratory organs, cardiovascular system, and chronic kidney diseases are risk factors for the development of malignant neoplasms. This poses new challenges in palliative practice: the use of integrated methods, the study of new biomarkers, and the application of modern technologies, the formation of professional readiness of medical personnel for activities in the field of palliative and hospice care. Objective. The study aims to conduct an epidemiological analysis of the prevalence and comorbidity of malignant neoplasms among patients in northern Bukovyna and to analyze the relationship between metabolic changes, obesity, diseases of the abdominal cavity organs and respiratory organs, cardiovascular system, and chronic kidney diseases as risk factors for the development of malignant neoplasms in the context of palliative medical practice. Material and methods. Clinical data of patients, data on metabolic status and obesity, information on the condition of abdominal cavity organs, respiratory organs, cardiovascular system, and kidneys, results of diagnostic tests, as well as applied statistical methods for assessing the relationships between different factors and the risk of malignant neoplasms were utilized.Results. The obtained results indicate a significant impact of metabolic changes, obesity, and diseases of various organs on the increased risk of malignant neoplasms in patients undergoing palliative care. The identified correlations underscore the necessity of an integrated approach to treatment, focused on managing metabolic status and systemic diseases. The discussion complements this by highlighting potential interaction mechanisms and pointing out opportunities for improving palliative care through emphasis on prevention and management of these risk factors.Conclusion. The research highlights the importance of understanding and managing metabolic, organic, and systemic risk factors, as they are interdependent in palliative practice, pointing to potential opportunities for improving treatment outcomes and the quality of life for patients with malignant diseases.

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Mortaz, Esmaeil, Ian M. Adcock, Gert Folkerts, Peter J. Barnes, Arjan Paul Vos, and Johan Garssen. "Probiotics in the Management of Lung Diseases." Mediators of Inflammation 2013 (2013): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/751068.

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The physiology and pathology of the respiratory and gastrointestinal tracts are closely related. This similarity between the two organs may underlie why dysfunction in one organ may induce illness in the other. For example, smoking is a major risk factor for COPD and IBD and increases the risk of developing Crohn’s disease. Probiotics have been defined as “live microorganisms which, when administered in adequate amounts, confer health benefits on the host.” In model systems probiotics regulate innate and inflammatory immune responses. Commonly used probiotics include lactic acid bacteria, particularlyLactobacillus,Bifidobacterium, andSaccharomyces, and these are often used as dietary supplements to provide a health benefit in gastrointestinal diseases including infections, inflammatory bowel disease, and colon cancer. In this respect, probiotics probably act as immunomodulatory agents and activators of host defence pathways which suggest that they could influence disease severity and incidence at sites distal to the gut. There is increasing evidence that orally delivered probiotics are able to regulate immune responses in the respiratory system. This review provides an overview of the possible role of probiotics and their mechanisms of action in the prevention and treatment of respiratory diseases.

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Samorodov, N. A., E. G. Sokolovich, Zh Kh Sabanchieva, and A. L. Deshev. "The Prevalence of Congenital Malformations and Anomalies of the Chest Organs and Systems among Adult Population of the Kabardino-Balkarian Republic." Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases 100, no. 8 (September 10, 2022): 37–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.21292/2075-1230-2022-100-8-37-42.

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The objective: to assess the prevalence and structure of congenital malformations and anomalies of the chest organs and systems among adult population of the Kabardino-Balkarian Republic.Subjects. 1,729 patients with suspected respiratory tuberculosis examined from 2016 to 2021 inclusive in Differential Diagnostic Department of TB Dispensary by the Ministry of Health of the Kabardino-Balkarian Republic.Results. In 89 (5.1%) patients, congenital anomalies and malformations of the chest organs and systems were detected, 42/89 (47.2%) had one more concurrent respiratory pathology; oncological diseases (42.9%) and respiratory tuberculosis (23.8%) prevailed. In patients with malformations of the musculoskeletal system of the chest organs, tuberculosis was more often detected, oncological diseases were equally frequent in patients with malformations of the musculoskeletal system and mediastinum.

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Zhukov, M. S., Yu N. Alekhin, and N. A. Khokhlova. "State of local immunity of respiratory organs in calves with bronchopneumonia." International Journal of Veterinary Medicine, no. 4 (February 2, 2023): 345–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.52419/issn2072-2419.2022.4.345.

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Respiratory diseases are widespread among cattle and represent a significant proportion of the causes of abandonment in dairy and beef cattle. Despite the fact that new vaccines are being developed and introduced to combat respiratory diseases, which create humoral immunity to the main specific pathogens of respiratory diseases, the problem persists. Thus, it can be assumed that a significant proportion of respiratory diseases is caused by opportunistic microflora. Previous studies have shown that in calves under the influence of adverse microclimate factors, the microflora of the upper respiratory tract migrates to the underlying parts of the respiratory tract, resulting in bronchopneumonia.The study of local immunity indicators in healthy calves and calves with bronchopneumonia was realized. The study involved 8 Holstein calves aged 4-5 months, which were divided into 2 groups. Group 1 (control, n = 3) - clinically healthy calves, group 2 (experiment, n = 5) – calves with bronchopneumonia. Nasal secretions were collected from calves to assess local protection of the respiratory tract. The level of lysozyme, mucin, alkaline phosphatase, total protein, IgM, IgA and IgG was determined in it. The study of nonspecific factors protecting the mucous membrane of the respiratory tract showed a decrease in the level of lysozyme by 27.4% (p ˂ 0.01), as well as an increase in mucin by 76.4% and alkaline phosphatase - by 2.3 times compared with healthy calves. At the same time, with the development of pneumonia, there was an increase in the level of immunoglobulins M and A by 2.5 times (p ˂ 0.05). Thus, the conducted studies have shown that in case of bronchopneumonia, the barrier functions of the respiratory tract are activated to a large extent. In the nasal mucus of sick calves, the level of secretory immunoglobulins A and M increases, the production of alkaline phosphatase and mucin is activated.

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Wang, Di, Ye Cong, Quanfeng Deng, Xiahe Han, Suonan Zhang, Li Zhao, Yong Luo, and Xiuli Zhang. "Physiological and Disease Models of Respiratory System Based on Organ-on-a-Chip Technology." Micromachines 12, no. 9 (September 15, 2021): 1106. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/mi12091106.

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The pathogenesis of respiratory diseases is complex, and its occurrence and development also involve a series of pathological processes. The present research methods are have difficulty simulating the natural developing state of the disease in the body, and the results cannot reflect the real growth state and function in vivo. The development of microfluidic chip technology provides a technical platform for better research on respiratory diseases. The size of its microchannel can be similar to the space for cell growth in vivo. In addition, organ-on-a-chip can achieve long-term co-cultivation of multiple cells and produce precisely controllable fluid shear force, periodically changing mechanical force, and perfusate with varying solute concentration gradient. To sum up, the chip can be used to analyze the specific pathophysiological changes of organs meticulously, and it is widely used in scientific research on respiratory diseases. The focus of this review is to describe and discuss current studies of artificial respiratory systems based on organ-on-a-chip technology and to summarize their applications in the real world.

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Golinko, Vasyl, and Vladimir Hrydyaev. "PREDICTION OF THE RISK OF OCCUPATIONAL DISEASES OF DUST ETIOLOGY." Journal of Donetsk Mining Institute 51, no. 2 (2022): 25–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.31474/1999-981x-2022-2-25-34.

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Purpose. To develop theoretical and methodological approaches to the assessment of the risk of occupational diseases of the respiratory organs of workers caused by the dustiness of the air in the working area. Methods. Analytical methods, methods of probability theory, results of statistical processing of indicators of occupational respiratory diseases of workers and methods of mathematical modelling are applied in the work. The results. The proposed method of predictive assessment of individual and collective risk of the occurrence of occupational diseases of the respiratory organs of workers caused by dustiness of the air in the working area, the information base of which is the materials of certification of workplaces according to working conditions. According to this methodology, risk is defined as the probability of occurrence of an occupational disease during a certain period of time. The methodology is based on the assumption that with dust loads on the body of workers close to critical levels, there is a linear relationship between the severity of the consequences and the amount of accumulated dust. The assessment of the individual risk of the occurrence of an occupational disease of dust aetiology is based on principles based on causal rather than probabilistic relationships, while taking into account the duration of the harmful factor on the worker, the concentration and physical and chemical properties of dust, the presence and protective properties of respiratory PPE , difficulty of work and other indicators characterising working conditions. Scientific novelty. The peculiarity of the proposed methodological approach to the assessment of the risk of occupational diseases of the workers’ respiratory organs of caused by the air dustiness in the working area is that by calculating the dust load on the body of workers and comparing it with the value of the critical dust load, an assessment of the individual risk is carried out, and on its basis, taking into account the number of employees at the facility, the collective risk is calculated. Practical value. The availability of information regarding the individual risk of occupational diseases in an employee allows for timely management decisions regarding the implementation of a set of measures aimed at improving working conditions or the introduction of means of collective and individual protection of the respiratory organs of employees, and also makes it possible to make a timely decision regarding the impracticality of a particular employee’s further work in harmful working conditions when the permissible level of risk is exceeded.

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Koteneva, S. V., A. V. Nefedchenko, T. I. Glotova, and A. G. Glotov. "Role of bovine respiratory syncytial virus in etiology of respiratory diseases on milk farms." Veterinary Science Today 1, no. 1 (March 29, 2021): 38–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.29326/2304-196x-2021-1-36-38-43.

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Bovine respiratory syncytial virus (BRSV) is one of the etiological agents of respiratory diseases. The agent spreads widely in all the countries with intensive livestock farming and can cause pathologic changes in respiratory system either alone or in combination with other viruses and bacteria. It is a matter of crucial importance to study spread of the agent on large milk farms, to detect it in the internal organs of infected animals, and to quantify virus accumulation in them. The purpose of the research was to study peculiarities of RS infection spread, frequency of the virus detection in biomaterial samples (both alone and in associations with infectious bovine rhinotracheitis (IBR) and bovine viral diarrhea/mucosal disease viruses (BVDV) and with Pasteurellaceae bacteria) on large milk farms affected by respiratory animal diseases; and to determine virus concentration in the respiratory organs. BRSV alone was reported in 9.2% of the tested biomaterial samples, as associated with IBR and BVDV it was reported in 1.4% and 5.2% of samples, correspondingly. The number of samples containing simultaneously BRSV and Pasteurellaceae bacteria was 10.8%. The virus was reported in a maximum of 26.6% of the tested samples. With the help of real-time PCR the virus genome was detected in lungs (13.1%), in exudate from trachea, bronchi and nasal sinuses (6.0%), in nasal discharge (4.0%) and in bronchi (1.7%). The virus was seldom detected in trachea and bronchial mucosa (1.1%) and in pulmonary lymph nodes (0.8%). Quantification of BRSV RNA demonstrated that maximum virus accumulation was observed in lungs and nasal charges and it confirms data on its tropism to pulmonary interstitium.

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Baryshnikova, N. V. "The effectiveness of metabiotics in the treatment of acute respiratory diseases." Medical alphabet, no. 26 (November 8, 2023): 13–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.33667/2078-5631-2023-26-13-20.

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This article discusses the relevance and prospects of using metabiotics and targeted metabiotics in the complex therapy of acute respiratory diseases. The metabiotics (postbiotics) include bacterial metabolites and/or signaling molecules with a known chemical structure that optimize the composition and functions of the indigenous microbiota, including improving human immunity and metabolism. Bacterial metabolites of Bacillus subtilis SA44 and Lactobacillus rhamnosus CRL1505 strains demonstrate high efﬁciency in the treatment of patients with respiratory diseases. It is important to use targeted metabiotics, i.e. metabiotics that contribute to the restoration and maintenance of the microbiota of the respiratory organs and human immunity. Targeted metabiotics, as a rule, contain not only bacterial metabolites, but also additional substances with positive effects aimed at optimizing the functioning of a particular organ or system. An example of a targeted metabiotic for the treatment of acute respiratory diseases is a three-component Biocomplete® Bronchobiotic complex, which includes inactivated bacteria of the species Lactobacillus rhamnosus CRL1505 (the metabiotic, is an antagonist of opportunistic and pathogenic microorganisms, promotes immunity), inulin (the prebiotic, serves as nutrition for the indigenous ﬂora) and thyme extract (has expectorant, anti-inﬂammatory and bactericidal, antioxidant effect).

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Bazarova, E. L., N. A. Roslaya, and I. S. Osherov. "Prevalence of diseases caused by oils depending on exposure and age." Russian Journal of Occupational Health and Industrial Ecology, no. 9 (March 19, 2020): 554. http://dx.doi.org/10.31089/1026-9428-2019-59-9-554-555.

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The prevalence of respiratory, digestive, skin, endocrine system diseases, increased body weight and blood pressure, blood changes was found to be higher in oil workers under harmful working conditions than in acceptable ones. In 18-25 years the prevalence of diseases of respiratory organs, skin, musculoskeletal system, neoplasms, increased body weight and blood pressure was found to be higher than in the control.

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Gordeeva, M. V., M. N. Lyapin, and T. A. Kostyukova. "Means of Respiratory Organs Protection for Work with Agents of Infectious Diseases." Problems of Particularly Dangerous Infections, no. 4 (January 19, 2020): 6–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.21055/0370-1069-2019-4-6-16.

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Tupikova, D. S., O. V. Sazonova, M. Yu Gavryushin, O. V. Frolova, S. R. Abdalova, and R. V. Khamtsova. "Analysis of health indicators in medical workers." Terapevt (General Physician), no. 7 (July 12, 2023): 5–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.33920/med-12-2307-01.

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The health of the population is an important indicator of the high level of state development. Morbidity with temporary disability affects the working potential of the population and the economy as a whole. The purpose of the research is to study and analyze occupational morbidity among medical workers in order to further optimize the conditions and nature of work. The morbidity of the working-age population is characterized by a high number of cases and dura tion in days of diseases of the respiratory system, the circulatory system, and the musculoskeletal system. Thus, according to the age and gender criterion, the incidence of the diseases of the circulatory system, blood and hematopoietic organs, respiratory organs, skin, and subcutaneous adipose tissue tends to increase among the young population under 40 years of age, while infectious and parasitic morbidity, diseases of blood and hematopoietic organs, and the incidence of the circulatory system diseases rise among the population over 40 years of age. The results of sociological monitoring showed that in about 70 % of cases, doctors noted a deterioration in their health status, but issued temporary disability leaves only in 30 % of cases. Nursing personnel also issued sick leaves only in 50 % of cases, while they felt a deterioration in their health status in 50 % of cases. The respondents indicated respiratory diseases, infectious and parasitic diseases, and diseases of the musculoskeletal system as the leading cause of temporary disability.

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Kovalevskiy, Evgeny, and Sergey Kashanskiy. "P-123 EVALUATION OF THE CAUSES OF DEATH OF PATIENTS WITH ESTABLISHED DIAGNOSIS OF ASBESTOSIS." Occupational Medicine 74, Supplement_1 (July 1, 2024): 0. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/occmed/kqae023.0630.

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Abstract Introduction In assessing the prevalence of diseases potentially associated with asbestos exposure the mortality rates are recognized as the most reliable index. But this indicator does not allow to estimate the prevalence of asbestos-related diseases, which are often not indicated in death certificates as the main cause of death, such as asbestosis. Methods Initial review of the causes of death in a group of 850 chrysotile asbestos mining and enrichment workers with diagnosis “asbestosis” established in the territorial center of occupational health from 1946 to 2020 carried out using death certificates’ national electronic database. Results 210 workers of the group died. The average age of deceased was over 60 years old. The peak age of mortality was for women 71-80 years, for men 61-70. Asbestosis was identified as the main cause of death for only 9 patients (3 men and 6 women). Most of the death causes (46.1%) were diseases of the circulatory system, malignant neoplasms (32.0%). In men, the main cancer sites were respiratory and chest organs (56.7%), digestive (20.0%), urinary tract (13.3%). Women died more often from cancer of the digestive organs (37.8 %), respiratory organs and chest (27.6%), female genital organs (13.8%) and breast (10.3%). The third ranking place was respiratory diseases (8.3%). Discussion/Conclusion Even initial review demonstrated that asbestosis itself in modern conditions is practically not considered as the main cause of death, which indicates the need for a wider study of the incidence of non-malignant occupational asbestos-related diseases in the country with special attention to exposure conditions, occupational history and lifestyle factors.

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Makovetskaya, G. A., V. V. Zhestkova, and T. L. Kuznetsova. "Efficiency of the irs-19 aerosol vaccine in children with relapsing diseases of upper respiratory tract." Kazan medical journal 82, no. 1 (August 13, 2021): 15–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/kazmj70881.

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The use of the IRS-19 aerosol vaccine results in decreasing of the rate of the infectious diseases of otorhinolaryngologic organs in children suffering from adenoids, sinusitis, complications of acute respiratory diseases.

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de Berrazueta Fernández, José Ramón. "Diseases produce by coronavirus." ANALES RANM 137, no. 137(02) (September 30, 2020): 161–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.32440/ar.2020.137.02.rev08.

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We are living and suffering a unique medical experience right now. A small virus, of no more than 100 nanometers, from the coronavirus family, known as SARS-COV 2 or COVID-19 (Coronavirus Disease, 2019) began its expansion around the world, starting from the city of Wuham in China in the last months of 2019. In December of that year it was already recognized by the WHO authorities as a possible serious disease. Its extension has been gradual, but explosive, by more than 200 countries on all continents. Most of the infected (up to 80%) will pass their process asymptomatic. But the sick who develop the disease will do so to varying degrees. 40% mildly, paucisymptomatic, while the other 60% will present respiratory symptoms that in 15% will be severe and in 5% will place the patient in a critical situation. The most common clinical presentation is in the form of progressive bilateral bronchopneumonia, with hypoxemia and severe acute respiratory distress, which compromises the patient’s life. These are patients who will need hospital admission for treatment with respiratory assistance, and in critical situations, admission to intensive care units, to connect to assisted breathing, and if it is complicated by cardiac pathology, which can accompany a significant percentage of these severe patients, for circulatory support. These are the patients that reach a high mortality. The virus has a characteristic structure in which the single-stranded chain of RNA is enveloped by a series of proteins, among which the surface spicules that give it the characteristic shape, or S proteins, stand out. They serve as binding to specific receptors cells of the Angiotensin 2 Converting Enzyme, ECA2, with which it interacts. Through them it is introduced into the respiratory epithelial cells or the cardiovascular system and other organs. It uses the genetic structure of invaded cells to replicate and spread throughout the affected organ and throughout the body. The immune response system, both humoral and cellular, tries to stop the replicative stimulus of the virus. The resistance of the virus to limit its replication causes the uncontrolled response of anti-inflammatory mediators to continue, which is summarized in what is called a cytokine storm. This is the most important damage mechanism produced by the body’s response. Homeostatic balances are decompensated, both in maintaining blood pressure with critical hypotension and shock situations, and in the balance of pro and anticoagulant systems, with a general production of thrombi that produces the most serious complications, as well as the destruction of own anti-infective barriers. Pulmonary pathology progresses progressively from pneumonia to fibrosis, complicating many of the critically ill patients with pulmonary thromboembolism. Myocardial damage occurs in the circulatory system, with criteria for thrombosis and inflammation in the form of ischemic damage and different forms of cardiomyopathy. One of the most unique occurs specifically in the young population, in the form of a multisystemic hyperinflammatory response. But they can also damage the liver, kidney, central nervous system and other non-vital organs and systems.

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Kovaleva, Alina S., Igor V. Bukhtiyarov, Natalya S. Serova, and Tatyana B. Burmistrova. "Computed tomography in diagnosis of silicosis." Occupational Health and Industrial Ecology, no. 12 (February 15, 2019): 39–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.31089/1026-9428-2018-12-39-41.

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Respiratory system diseases are one of the main problems in contemporary occupational medicine and exceed one fifth of all occupational diseases. Objective of the review was search and analysis of literature on diagnosis of silicosis as an important occupational disease of respiratory organs, by computed tomography and high-resolution computed tomography, from evidence-based medicine viewpoint.

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Galimov, O. V., V. U. Sataev, E. S. Galimova, S. V. Fedorov, and V. O. Khanov. "The upper digestive tract pathology effect on the course of chronic lung diseases." Experimental and Clinical Gastroenterology 1, no. 1 (May 20, 2023): 32–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.31146/1682-8658-ecg-209-1-32-36.

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Aim was to study the prevalence of gastrointestinal tract pathology and the state of intestinal biocenosis among bronchial asthma patients.Materials and methods: 93 patients with asthma in the exacerbation stage who had diseases of the gastrointestinal tract were examined. Instrumental, immunological, bacterial studies of the respiratory and digestive organs were carried out.The results of our study indicate a relationship between the development of bronchial asthma and gastrointestinal pathology due to negative environmental effects, stress, glucocorticosteroid therapy, changes in general and local protective reactions against a background of a chronic disease involving organ barriers with an autoimmune pathogenesis mechanism in the pathological process.

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Wu, Jin-nan, Jian-rong Chen, and Jin-liang Chen. "Role of Farnesoid X Receptor in the Pathogenesis of Respiratory Diseases." Canadian Respiratory Journal 2020 (November 26, 2020): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/9137251.

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Farnesoid X receptor (FXR) is a bile acid receptor encoded by the Nr1h4 gene. FXR plays an important role in maintaining the stability of the internal environment and the integrity of many organs, including the liver and intestines. The expression of FXR in nondigestible tissues other than in the liver and small intestine is known as the expression of “nonclassical” bile acid target organs, such as blood vessels and lungs. In recent years, several studies have shown that FXR is widely involved in the pathogenesis of various respiratory diseases, such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, bronchial asthma, and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. Moreover, a number of works have confirmed that FXR can regulate the bile acid metabolism in the body and exert its anti-inflammatory and antifibrotic effects in the airways and lungs. In addition, FXR may be used as a potential therapeutic target for some respiratory diseases. For example, FXR can regulate the tumor microenvironment by regulating the balance of inflammatory and immune responses in the body to promote the occurrence and development of non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC), thereby being considered a potential target for immunotherapy of NSCLC. In this article, we provide an overview of the internal relationship between FXR and respiratory diseases to track the progress that has been achieved thus far in this direction and suggest potential therapeutic prospects of FXR in respiratory diseases.

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Yemelyanov, V. N., A. A. Kuzin, N. I. Azarova, D. V. Tovpeko, P. E. Alekseev, and P. V. Kulikov. "The assessment of social and economic spends conditioned by the respiratory organs diseases of military cursors." Bulletin of the Russian Military Medical Academy 21, no. 4 (December 15, 2019): 132–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/brmma628307.

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The results of the assessment of the indicators of disability; the level and structure of hospitalization for the period from 2013 to 2018 and the analysis of financial and economic spends connected with the respiratory diseases among the cadets studying in a military educational organization are presented here. In the course of the conducted study; it has been specified that respiratory diseases occupy a leading position in the morbidity structure of cadets; in conjunction with their hospitalization and temporary disability. The greatest financial and economic costs in diseases of the respiratory system are caused by community-acquired pneumonia; as well as acute bronchitis and the widespread pathology of the ear; nose and throat; such as the curvature of the nasal septum. We believe that this is connected with a long stay in hospital (21; 10 and 12 bed days; respectively); as well as the severity of the disease course and the complications. The fulfilled assessment of the socio-economic spends by the respiratory system diseases of cadet students studying in a military educational organization shows their relevance and significance; which are determined by their specific nosological forms. The results obtained can contribute to a more objective redistribution of financial resources; as well as to planning the most optimal and effective diagnostic and sanitary anti-epidemic measures. The monitoring and preventing respiratory diseases are of great social importance; since they are allow to reduce the incidence of disease; improve the treatment outcomes; as well as efficiently and competently allocate the resources. In this connection; the procedure for organizing and implementing the prophylaxis of respiratory organs diseases is one of the priority direction in the medical support of military students.

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Bobyleva, E. S., A. Yu Gorbunov, O. I. Starodubtsevа, and Ya M. Vakhrushev. "THE MEDIC-STATISTICAL CHARACTERISTIC INCIDENCE OF PNEUMONIA IN THE UDMURT REPUBLIC." Russian Archives of Internal Medicine 8, no. 6 (December 3, 2018): 438–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.20514/2226-67042018-8-6-438-443.

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The Community-acquired Pneumonia (CAP) is an urgent problem of modern medicine owing to its high prevalence, gravity of a current, the increasing resistance of a microflora to antibacterial therapy, a large number of complications and a high lethality. Udmurt republic is one of leaders among the regions of Russian Federation on morbidity by diseases of the respiratory system, include CAP. It is therefore necessary to take analysis and prognosis incidence for the future improving quality administer. Research objective. The analysis of incidence and mortality from diseases of respiratory organs in the Udmurt Republic for 2009-2016. Materials and methods. The retrospective and prospection clinical-epidemiological research of prevalence and primary incidence of diseases of respiratory organs among the adult population of the Udmurt Republic living in 4 cities is conducted (Izhevsk, Sarapul, Glazov, Votkinsk) and 25 rural areas for the 8-summer period (2009-2016). The analysis is carried out on the basis of data of the state statistical registration and reporting documentation of Budgetary institution of health care of the Udmurt Republic «Republican medical information and analysis center of the Ministry of Health of the Udmurt Republic». Results of a research. The prevalence of diseases of respiratory organs in the Udmurt Republic was 49871,39±1,33 on 100 thousand population. The average growth rate was 2,3%, and the average rate o f a gain was — 0,25%. In comparison with data for the same period to the Russian Federation, average growth rate the average rate of a gain — 5,48% was 1,7%, and that demonstrates some decrease in incidence. In the analysis of structure of incidence of diseases of respiratory organs of the population of the Udmurt Republic it is established that she throughout the entire period of observation significantly hasn’t changed. At the same time annually, leading places are taken by pneumonia and the chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Estimating the level of primary incidence of diseases of respiratory organs, it is noted that on UR the average growth rate is 105,42%, the average rate of a gain of 5,42%, in comparison across the Russian Federation average growth rate of 87,07%, and the average rate of a gain — 12,93%. Conclusion. Thus, to UR, as well as in general across the Russian Federation steadily high incidence of pneumonia is noted. At the same time the tendency to increase in incidence and this pathology mortality is noted. This circumstance demands further studying of a problem of pneumonia, including improvement of methods of medical correction.

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Amirov, N. B., N. V. Pigalova, A. P. Pigalov, T. M. Muravyeva, A. K. Mazitova, T. N. Tokareva, Z. R. Nasybullina, N. P. Minabutdinova, and Е. I. Nikonova. "Dynamics of the incidence of internal organ diseases in adult population in kazan." Kazan medical journal 80, no. 6 (November 15, 1999): 459–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/kazmj70598.

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The dynamics of the disease incidence indices in adult population for 1992 to 1997 is analyzed. The growth of the incidence of internal organs diseases and the tendency to increasing the rate of hypertension, ischemic heart disease, diseases of stomach and respiratory organs are noted, the demand for specialized services, diagnostic and medical provision increases. The necessity to form complex medicosocial and economic measures directed to decreasing negative tendencies in health of the population in Kazan is noted.

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Sorkina, N. S., L. P. Kuzmina, L. V. Artemova, and L. M. Bezrukavnikova. "Issues of the effects of lead on circulatory and respiratory diseases." Russian Journal of Occupational Health and Industrial Ecology, no. 12 (December 25, 2019): 983–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.31089/1026-9428-2019-59-12-983-988.

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Introduction. At the present economic stage of development of the industry there is a technological modernization of productions, decrease in operating concentrations of chemical substances in this connection reduction of frequency of occurrence of classical forms of intoxications is observed. Th is applies to the lead, occupying the leading position among industrial and environmental contaminants, which has one of the highest indexes of technological social and environmental significance.The aim of the study was to assess the impact of metal (lead) as a trigger of various nosological forms of diseases of the circulatory and respiratory organs.Materials and methods. Clinical and functional, laboratory examinations of 130 persons were carried out: among them 90 employees of the plant for the processing of lead batteries and cables. Th e comparison group included workers who had no contact with lead (40 people), comparable in age and experience.Results. Analysis of the structure of non-professional diseases of internal organs showed that the leading place is occupied by diseases of the upper and lower respiratory tract (58% and 26%), circulatory organs (40%).Conclusions. Th e results of the clinical and laboratory examination of workers of the lead batt ery recycling plant indicate the importance of combined exposure to lead as an important risk factor for cardiovascular diseases, pathology of the upper and lower respiratory tract.

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Trukhan, D. I. "New coronavirus infection (COVID-19) and respiratory diseases / pathological conditions." Meditsinskiy sovet = Medical Council 16, no. 18 (October 15, 2022): 154–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.21518/2079-701x-2022-16-18-154-161.

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The respiratory system is the main target of the novel coronavirus infection (COVID19) spread by the SARS-CoV-2 virus. The interim guidelines of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation “Prevention, diagnosis and treatment of a new coronavirus infection (COVID-19)” (14th version of December 27, 2021) discuss pneumonia in COVID-19 in detail. The issues of the course of other respiratory diseases (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease-COPD, bronchial asthma) are considered in them very briefly. Other diseases and pathological conditions of the respiratory organs are ignored. The federal clinical guidelines Bronchial Asthma, Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease, Community-Acquired Pneumonia in Adults published in 2021 do not discuss the course of these diseases in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. A search was made for literature on the association of major diseases and pathological conditions of the respiratory organs with the new coronavirus infection COVID-19 in the electronic search engines PubMed and Scopus. The literature sources found indicate that the new coronavirus infection COVID-19 certainly has a specific, often negative, effect on the respiratory system as a whole, and in particular, on certain respiratory diseases and pathological conditions. However, this influence is sometimes ambiguous. Thus, patients with COPD, along with patients with arterial hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and other cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, belong to a vulnerable group of the population during the COVID-19 pandemic, but there was a decrease in the frequency of exacerbations of COPD during the pandemic, especially hospitalizations. due to severe exacerbations. A number of meta-analyses and systematic reviews have shown that the risk of contracting COVID-19 in people with asthma is lower than in people without asthma. There is no association between asthma and a more severe course and worse prognosis of COVID-19. The relationship of diseases/pathological conditions of the respiratory system and COVID-19, therefore, requires further study and clarification.

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Zaidov, E. Ya. "The Prevalence and Structure of ENT Diseases in Children." Ukraïnsʹkij žurnal medicini, bìologìï ta sportu 7, no. 1 (March 22, 2022): 197–202. http://dx.doi.org/10.26693/jmbs07.01.197.

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The purpose of the study was to analyze information on the structure and prevalence of ENT diseases in children. Materials and methods. For the analysis of morbidity, the structure of diseases, long-term morbidity, its trends and periodicity were assessed. The intensity and dynamics of the epidemic process of diseases of the upper respiratory tract were studied. According to the developed questionnaire, an anamnesis was collected, the conditions and place of residence, the frequency of visits to medical institutions, the level of medical care provided, the presence of diseases of the ENT organs and other organs and systems of the body were clarified. A detailed statistical analysis of the structure and prevalence of diseases of the ENT organs was carried out according to the extract from the case histories of patients in the ENT departments of the clinical hospital during 2015-2019. The bulk of the examined children were aged 4-7 years (40.0%) and 8-14 years (60.0%). Results and discussion. Angina and chronic tonsillitis can be a common reason for the high incidence of various forms of infectious heart disease and cardiomyopathies. The transnasal route of penetration provides the damaging effect of the new coronavirus infection (COVID-19) on the ENT organs. In the study of the structure of the incidence of ENT organs for the period from 2015 to 2019 on the basis of specialized medical institutions and ENT departments, we found that the largest nosological group is diseases of the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses, an average of 55.7%, which corresponds to the data of international literary sources. In second place in terms of frequency of occurrence is ear pathology – an average of 37.5%. Diseases of the pharynx and larynx are in third place in terms of general ENT morbidity, on average 6.9%. In the structure of diseases of the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses, on average for 5 years, purulent diseases of the paranasal sinuses prevail: acute sinusitis 20.7% and chronic sinusitis 7.8%. Conclusion. When studying the incidence of the upper respiratory tract and ear according to statistical data, reflecting the main indicators of the health of the child population of the country aged 4 to 14 years, it was found that diseases of the nose and paranasal sinuses have the largest share in the structure of the incidence of children. The share of chronic ear diseases in the structure of the total morbidity is 37.5±1.2%, while there is a tendency to increase in prevalence in the first four years

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Radtsig, Ye Yu, N. V. Yermilova, L. V. Malygina, О. V. Bugaichuk, and Ye P. Sel’kova. "Causal Treatment of Inflammatory Diseases of ENT organs — Complications of Acute Respiratory Infection." Current Pediatrics 13, no. 6 (December 20, 2014): 113–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.15690/vsp.v13i6.1210.

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Mazitova, N. N., N. K. Amirov, and Z. M. Berkheeva. "Professional diseases of respiratory organs as a result of influence of industrial aerosols." Kazan medical journal 80, no. 1 (January 15, 1999): 20–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/kazmj65081.

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The peculiarities of the course of professional diseases of respiratory organs depending on a living place of workers after stopping contact with dust are analyzed. Persons subjected to the action of industrial aerosols and living in the provinces fall ill with pneumoconioses earlier than persons living in the capital of the Republic. The following course of pneumoconioses is also less favourable because of early addition of complications: chronic bronchitis and tuberculosis. The recommendation of the life observation of the state and health of workers having contact with highly fibrogenous dust is justified.

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Tupikova, D. S., O. V. Sazonova, M. Yu Gavryushin, O. V. Frolova, S. R. Abdalova, and R. V. Khamtsova. "Medical and sociological analysis of health indicators of medical workers." Terapevt (General Physician), no. 12 (December 18, 2023): 6–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.33920/med-12-2312-01.

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The health of the population is an important indicator of the high level of state development. Morbidity with temporary disability affects the working potential of the pop ulation and the economy as a whole. The purpose of the research is to study and analyze occupational morbidity among medical workers in order to further optimize the conditions and nature of work. The morbidity of the working-age population is characterized by a high number of cases and duration in days of diseases of the respiratory system, the circulatory system, and the musculoskeletal system. Thus, according to the age and gender criterion, the incidence of the diseases of the circulatory system, blood and hematopoietic organs, respiratory organs, skin, and subcutaneous adipose tissue tends to increase among the young population under 40 years of age, while infectious and parasitic morbidity, diseases of blood and hematopoi etic organs, and the incidence of the circulatory system diseases rise among the population over 40 years of age. The results of sociological monitoring showed that in about 70 % of cases, doctors noted a deterioration in their health status, but issued temporary disability leaves only in 30 % of cases. Nursing personnel also issued sick leaves only in 50 % of cas es, while they felt a deterioration in their health status in 50 % of cases. It is also worth noting that, while on sick leave, medical personnel go to work in almost 40 % of cases; the reason for this was the production necessity or the lack of labor force. The re spondents indicated respiratory diseases, infectious and parasitic diseases, and diseases of the musculoskeletal system as the leading cause of temporary disability.

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Riaskin, K. A., L. A. Titova, I. P. Moshurov, and M. S. Ganzya. "Radiographic methods of examination of the thoracic cavity organs in the elderly: age characteristics, norms and pathology." Research and Practical Medicine Journal 10, no. 2 (May 17, 2023): 118–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.17709/2410-1893-2023-10-2-11.

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Prolongation of a healthy life duration is one of the priority tasks in terms of solving the problem of quality and safety of medical activity. Respiratory diseases account for the significant amount in the morbidity structure of the geriatric population. Such diseases include chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, chronic bronchitis, pneumonia, bronchial asthma and acute respiratory viral diseases, which, in combination with other pathological conditions, contribute to an increase in morbidity and mortality of the population in this group. These diseases among the geriatric population are characterized by a latent onset, the absence of obvious clinical manifestations, monotony of symptoms, the presence of combined pathologies, which can lead to erroneous diagnoses. X‑ray research methods play a key role in the diagnosis of pathologies of respiratory diseases. However, it is necessary to correctly assess the age‑related processes that cause morphological changes in the chest, and adequately differentiate them from the obvious manifestations of diseases. The role of the radiologist in this can be decisive. The joint work of geriatricians, radiologists, pulmonologists will help to provide a clear comprehensive assessment and interpretation of the visualization of various conditions of the respiratory system in the elderly.In this review, the features of chest radiography in elderly patients associated with age‑related changes are analyzed and their differentiation with pathological manifestations is carried.

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Korotenko, O. Yu, N. I. Panev, Yu S. Korchagina, R. N. Panev, and I. P. Danilov. "Formation of pathology of internal organs in miners with vibration disease." Russian Journal of Occupational Health and Industrial Ecology, no. 6 (July 10, 2020): 399–403. http://dx.doi.org/10.31089/1026-9428-2020-60-6-399-403.

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Introduction. Adverse working conditions can contribute to the development of not only occupational pathology, but also diseases with complex multifactorial etiology, such as hypertension, coronary heart disease, disorders of the musculoskeletal system, chronic non-specifi c respiratory diseases, as well as the formation of combined pathology, which worsens the course of these diseases and leads to the development of complications.The aim of the study is to study the manifestations of somatic pathology in coal industry workers with vibration disease.Materials and methods. We examined 144 coal mine workers with vibration disease caused by local vibration, and 161 control group miners who have been working in contact with local vibration for a long time (15 years or more) and do not have professional pathology.It was found that employees of coal mines with vibration disease more often (70,8%) than workers of the control group (27,3%) (p<0,001), there is a pathology of internal organs: diseases of the cardiovascular system (mainly arterial hypertension), diseases of the digestive system (functional disorders of the biliary tract and non-alcoholic fatt y liver disease), kidney diseases (mainly chronic pyelonephritis), as well as a combination of these diseases. With a more severe course of vibration disease (II degree), pathology of internal organs is more common (81.2%) than in patients with vibration disease of I degree (46.5%) (p<0.001). Conclusions. In miners with vibration disease, more oft en than in the control group, there is a pathology of internal organs: the cardiovascular system, digestive organs, kidneys, as well as a combination of several somatic diseases. In individuals with grade II vibration disease, internal organ pathology is more common than in patients with grade I vibration disease. Th e results obtained should be considered when developing treatment and rehabilitation measures for medical examinations and conducting preventive medical examinations of coal industry workers.

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Ластовецкий, A. Lastovetskiy, Андреева, Yu Andreeva, Хромушин, Viktor Khromushin, Хадарцев, and Aleksandr Khadartsev. "Mortality asessment in the Tula region." Journal of New Medical Technologies. eJournal 8, no. 1 (November 5, 2014): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/5611.

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The article analyzes 183924 case of death of the population in the Tula region from the mortality register from 2007 to 2013. Quantitative assessment of mortality as a percentage of the total number of cases for blocks of three-digit rubric of ICD-X shows that coronary heart disease is 31,507%, cerebrovascular disease – 22,710%, malignant neoplasms of digestive organs – 5,336%, other heart disease – 3,686, liver disease – 2,848%, diabetes – 2,658%, malignant neoplasms, respiratory organs and thorax cells – 2,607%, toxic substances, mainly non-medical purposes (including alcohol) – 2,252%, other and unspecified effects of external causes – 2,069%, chronic diseases of the lower respiratory tract – 1,870%.It is shown that ischemic heart disease was increased until 2010 and thereafter began to decline, reaching approximately the initial level. It is noted that cerebrovascular diseases decrease every year, and malignant neoplasms of digestive organs increase. Coronary heart disease for men is different from women significantly fewer and increased mortality in the age groups 45- 54, 55-64 and 65-74.

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Gurov, A. V., and M. A. Yushkina. "Adequate mucociliary clearance as a factor in the prevention and control of purulent-inflammatory pathology of the ENT organs." Meditsinskiy sovet = Medical Council, no. 6 (May 12, 2021): 29–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.21518/2079-701x-2021-6-29-34.

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Purulent-inflammatory diseases of the upper respiratory tract and ENT organs are an urgent problem of modern clinical medicine. The high prevalence of this pathology is due to the active effect of pathogenic microflora on the mucous membrane of the respiratory tract, the increasing role of opportunistic and atypical microorganisms in the genesis of infection of the upper respiratory tract, as well as disorders in the mucociliary clearance. Limitations in the mobility of cilia of ciliated cells, as well as their partial or complete absence, a change in the composition of mucous secretions and a slowdown in the speed of mucus movement are the mechanisms that determine the possibility of an acute inflammation focus on the mucous membrane of the upper respiratory tract, and also increase the risk of developing chronic inflammatory diseases of the ENT organs. The accumulated data on the peculiarities of the existence of microbial biocenoses in the human body, as well as the steady widespread growth of the problem of antibiotic resistance, dictate the need to search for new solutions in the treatment of purulent-inflammatory pathology of the ENT organs. A well-established principle of therapy for such conditions is the topical use of combined drugs that combine mucolytic and antibacterial components that actively affect the main links in the pathogenesis of acute and chronic inflammation of the upper respiratory tract. These tasks are most effectively solved by the drug, which contains the mucolytic N-acetylcysteine, which potentiates the effect of another component – the antibiotic thiamphenicol. An important aspect in favor of choosing this drug as a monotherapy or combination therapy for purulent-inflammatory diseases of the upper respiratory tract is a convenient form of release for aerosol administration.

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Svistushkin, V. M., G. N. Nikiforova, D. M. Pshonkina, and O. Yu Karpovа. "The relevance of the application mukoactive preparations in patients with inflammatory pathology of ent organs." Medical Council, no. 20 (November 14, 2018): 65–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.21518/2079-701x-2018-20-65-69.

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The mucous membrane of the respiratory tract is the first line of protection of the human body from various damaging agents. This function is provided by mucociliary clearance and its component by mucociliary transport. Optimum work of ciliated epithelium is possible only with normal rheology of mucous secretion - viscosity, elasticity, adhesiveness. The development of mucociliary dysfunction is the main pathogenetic mechanism of almost all inflammatory diseases of the respiratory tract and middle ear. The main areas of treatment for patients with infectious and inflammatory diseases of the respiratory tract and ear are evacuation of the pathological secretion, restoration of the synthesis of physiological mucus and a positive effect on the restructuring of the respiratory epithelium. The effectiveness of a mucoactive drug is determined by its ability to directly affect several components of mucociliary clearance - regulation of viscosity and secretion composition, its formation processes and evacuation rate. These characteristics correspond to carbocysteine.

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Tikhonova, I. V., M. A. Zemlyanova, Yu V. Kol'dibekova, E. V. Peskova, and A. M. Ignatova. "Hygienic assessment of aerogenic exposure to particulate matter and its impacts on morbidity with respiratory diseases among children living in a zone influenced by emissions from metallurgic production." Health Risk Analysis, no. 3 (September 2020): 61–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.21668/health.risk/2020.3.07.

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At present an outstanding task is to concentrate on chemical and fractional structure when examining and assessing influence exerted by particulate matter on morbidity among children. The main goal of any such research is to prevent negative effects produced on the respiratory organs. Our research objects were ambient air in residential areas contaminated with particulate matter that were components in emissions from non-ferrous metallurgic enterprises (the test territory) and ambient air in residential areas free of such contamination; morbidity among children was also given our attention. Our assessment of ambient air quality as per РМ10 and РМ2.5 contents revealed they exceeded the standards recommended by the WHO and were by 1.4 times higher than recommended MPCa.d. Respirable fraction of particulate matter tends to have complicated chemical structure and contains metals that are specific for emissions from metallurgic enterprises such as nickel, copper, iron, aluminum, titanium, gallium, and neodymium. The latter can enhance negative effects produced by particulate matter on the respiratory organs. Epidemiologic assessment in a contaminated zone (the test territory) allowed establishing 1.8 times higher general and primary morbidity as per respiratory organs diseases than on the reference territory; it was even up to 14.8 times higher as per specific nosologies such as chronic disease of tonsils and adenoids, asthma, and status asthmaticus. We also established authentic dependence between probability of respiratory diseases and elevated concentrations of particulate matter in ambient air. Results of the proven dependence allow predicting up to 500/1000 additional respiratory diseases cases per year on the test territory; all these additional morbidity cases among children are associated with aerogenic exposure to particulate matter.

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Tikhonova, I. V., M. A. Zemlyanova, Yu V. Kol'dibekova, E. V. Peskova, and A. M. Ignatova. "Hygienic assessment of aerogenic exposure to particulate matter and its impacts on morbidity with respiratory diseases among children living in a zone influenced by emissions from metallurgic production." Health Risk Analysis, no. 3 (September 2020): 61–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.21668/health.risk/2020.3.07.eng.

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At present an outstanding task is to concentrate on chemical and fractional structure when examining and assessing influence exerted by particulate matter on morbidity among children. The main goal of any such research is to prevent negative effects produced on the respiratory organs. Our research objects were ambient air in residential areas contaminated with particulate matter that were components in emissions from non-ferrous metallurgic enterprises (the test territory) and ambient air in residential areas free of such contamination; morbidity among children was also given our attention. Our assessment of ambient air quality as per РМ10 and РМ2.5 contents revealed they exceeded the standards recommended by the WHO and were by 1.4 times higher than recommended MPCa.d. Respirable fraction of particulate matter tends to have complicated chemical structure and contains metals that are specific for emissions from metallurgic enterprises such as nickel, copper, iron, aluminum, titanium, gallium, and neodymium. The latter can enhance negative effects produced by particulate matter on the respiratory organs. Epidemiologic assessment in a contaminated zone (the test territory) allowed establishing 1.8 times higher general and primary morbidity as per respiratory organs diseases than on the reference territory; it was even up to 14.8 times higher as per specific nosologies such as chronic disease of tonsils and adenoids, asthma, and status asthmaticus. We also established authentic dependence between probability of respiratory diseases and elevated concentrations of particulate matter in ambient air. Results of the proven dependence allow predicting up to 500/1000 additional respiratory diseases cases per year on the test territory; all these additional morbidity cases among children are associated with aerogenic exposure to particulate matter.

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Voronina, T. A. "Antioxidants/antihypoxants: the missing puzzle piece in effective pathogenetic therapy for COVID-19." Infekcionnye bolezni 18, no. 2 (2020): 97–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.20953/1729-9225-2020-2-97-102.

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This review focuses on the specific characteristics of COVID-19 disease, which leads not only to respiratory impairments (bronchoalveolar epithelium does not retain oxygen, etc.), but also decreases the level of hemoglobin and its ability to transfer oxygen to the organs and tissues and increases the level of heme, resulting in anoxemia, hypoxia in all organs and tissues, and oxidative stress. Mexidol, a drug developed in Russia, is widely used in clinical practice, including the treatment of diseases accompanied by ischemia and hypoxia. Mexidol has antihypoxic and antioxidant effects, can treat mitochondrial respiratory dysfunction, thereby affecting the key processes in different cells of organs and tissues that develop due to hypoxia. Mexidol can be useful in the comprehensive therapy of patients with COVID-19. Key words: COVID-19, antioxidant, antihypoxant, hemoglobin, hypoxia, Mexidol, mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative stress

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Gurev, A. V., A. R. Tukov, and A. S. Kretov. "Health of workers with occupational diseases who contacted with chemical harmful production factors." Toxicological Review, no. 2 (May 5, 2021): 41–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.36946/0869-7922-2021-2-41-45.

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For persons with occupational diseases who worked at enterprises and organizations served by medical institutions of the FMBA of the Russian Federation, it is relevant to assess their health, taking into account the impact of harmful chemical production factors that have become the causes of their occupational diseases. About 2/3 of cases of occupational diseases caused by chemical hazards are organophosphorus compounds (pesticides), beryllium and its compounds. Of the diseases of non-professional genesis, this group of persons has the highest prevalence of diseases of the circulatory system, musculoskeletal system, digestive and respiratory organs. Of the diseases of the circulatory system, the most commonly diagnosed diseases are those characterized by high blood pressure and coronary heart disease. The structure of diseases of the digestive system is dominated by diseases of the esophagus, stomach and duodenum, diseases of the gall bladder, biliary tract and pancreas. Dorsopathies are the most common within the musculoskeletal disorders; chronic diseases of the upper and lower respiratory tract – within the respiratory diseases.

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Vasko, M. Y., and I. M. Tkachenko. "FEATURES OF THE INTERRELATIONSHIP OF PERIODONTAL DISEASES AND SOMATIC DISEASES (LITERATURE REVIEW)." Ukrainian Dental Almanac, no. 1 (March 23, 2023): 6–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.31718/2409-0255.1.2023.01.

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The interrelationship of periodontal diseases and somatic diseases has a two-way aggravating character. An analysis of modern scientific literature concerning the connection between periodontal diseases and systemic diseases of the human body has been realized. To collect information for this review, a search was conducted for the scientific literature presented in three databases (Pubmed, Scopus, Web of Science) for the past 2 years. Thirty-four studies, including reviews and original articles, were selected for qualitative analysis based on their relevance to the main content of this review. Numerous studies confirm the significant relationship between the severity of the course of oral inflammatory diseases, the state of its microbiome and the unfavorable prognosis of cardiovascular diseases, diseases of the respiratory system, metabolic syndrome, obesity, rheumatoid arthritis, etc. The presence of periodontitis in patients increases the risk of developing cardiovascular diseases, particularly coronary heart disease and stroke. A high prevalence of periodontal tissue diseases in people with chronic diseases of the digestive organs is noted, which is associated with a violation of all types of metabolism. Severe forms of periodontitis often coexist with diabetes of the first and second types and are considered the most frequent complications of diabetes. Recent studies have clearly substantiated the role of certain periodontal pathogenic microorganisms in the etiopathogenesis and complicated course of rheumatoid arthritis. Highly pathogenic microorganisms of the oral cavity, penetrating through the damaged epithelium of the vascular wall of the periodontal tissues into the systemic circulation, cause chronic bacteremia and affect distant organs and tissues. Since we cannot directly influence on the function of definite organs, it is advisable to prescribe not only basic periodontal treatment, but also the drugs that affect the vascular component of the inflammatory process, namely, strengthen the vascular wall and improve microcirculatory channel trophicity.

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Khokhlov, Roman A., Margarita V. Yarmonova, and Lyudmila V. Tribuntseva. "Lesions of the heart and parenchymatous organs in patients with COVID-19 and other acute respiratory infections." Russian Family Doctor 27, no. 4 (January 19, 2024): 21–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/rfd622794.

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Based on available literature, this study aimed to critically assess the effect of SARS-CoV-2 and other respiratory viruses on the heart and parenchymatous internal organs, identify their common and distinctive features, assess the frequency of cytokine storm and “post-infection” syndrome, and identify risk factors for severe systemic reaction and damage to internal organs, particularly the heart. In the databases of MEDLINE/PubMed, eLibrary, Web of Science, CyberLeninka, and Openmedcom.ru, primary information (full-text and abstract databases) in English and Russian was searched using selected keywords from 2003 to 2023. Acute respiratory viral infection pathogens can cause not only respiratory but also cardinal, gastroenterological, neurological, and other complications. Acute respiratory viral infections have many similarities in their effects on parenchymal organs. The emergence of new viruses requires in-depth study, and it is important to consider both the distinctive features of the clinical picture of viral infections and the general patterns of influence on internal organs. In the medium term, patients who have COVID-19 may have complex heart damage in the form of a decrease in ventricular ejection fraction, appearance of pericardial effusion, and development of various types of focal myocardial lesions. The combined nature of damage to the heart and parenchymal organs is influenced by background diseases, nature of the course of viral infection, and features of therapy. The features of lesions of parenchymal organs and the heart after acute respiratory viral infection require further study, including their effect on the development of late complications.

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Prudnikov, V. S., S. P. German, E. I. Bolshakova, and M. V. Al Tall. "PATHOMORPHOLOGY, DIAGNOSTICS AND SPECIFIC PREVENTION OF VIRAL RESPIRATORY AND ABOMASOENTERITIC INFECTIONS IN CALVES." Transactions of the educational establishment “Vitebsk the Order of “the Badge of Honor” State Academy of Veterinary Medicine 57, no. 1 (January 27, 2021): 50–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.52368/2078-0109-2021-57-1-50-53.

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Viral diseases in calves are common and often occur in associations. Pathomorphological changes in organs and tissues at viral infections allow making a preliminary nosological diagnosis and develop therapeutic and preventive measures to eliminate diseases. A single immunization of cows with a live-virus vaccine by the “carpet method” prevents the infection of calves in utero, and increases the safety rate of newborn calves.

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Kaptsov, V. A., and A. V. Chirkin. "ABOUT EFFICIENCY OF INDIVIDUAL PROTECTION EQUIPMENT OF RESPIRATORY ORGANS AS PROPHYLACTICS OF DISEASES (REVIEW)." Toxicological Review, no. 2 (April 28, 2018): 2–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.36946/0869-7922-2018-2-2-6.

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The review of publications evaluating the effectiveness of personal respiratory protection (RPE) as means of reducing morbidity (occupational and morbidity with temporary loss of ability to work) and indicators of the degree of purification of the inhaled air is presented. It is revealed that with a high degree of probability, systematic studies in this field were not carried out and that in some cases the effectiveness was overestimated by incorrect justification.

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