Thèses sur le sujet « Révoltes – Madagascar – 19e siècle »
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Andrianarison, Nirina F. « Le royaume de Madagascar sous le ministériat de Rainilaiarivony (1864-1895) : modernisation de l'Etat, clientélisme exploitation du peuple et réactions d'opposition ». Paris 7, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996PA070119.
Texte intégralThroughout the nineteenth century. Madagascar has been marked by the existence of a unitarian state implanted in Imerina around 1817 with the help of the british. Having concluded an alliance with the reigning dynasty, a few representatives of the free men from the north eastern part of the Imerina managed to reach the highest ranks in the political hierarchy, monopolizing gradually the wheels of an administration in the process of modernization, following relationships, the politics class, headed by Rainilaiarivony, reinforced its control over the kingdom's economic and political affairs from 1864 onwards. The merina government managed to establish its authority by reorganizing the administration and by adopting a set of institutions inherited from the past (duty-army) or inspired by foreign models (schools and churches). Getting weaker and weaker, particularly vis-a-vis France, the merina government was cut off from its own people; those in power were more worried about their position as a dominant class and they neglected the proper functioning of the administration. As a result, the governmental system became even more oppressive and thus widened the gap between the state and the society. The latent violent reactions (banditry and vandalism) were due to the intensification of the duty and the. .
Béliveau, Denis. « Les Révoltes frumentaires en France dans la première moitié du XIXe siècle : une analyse des rapports de sociabilité, de la distribution des rôles sexuels et de leurs impacts sur la répression des désordres ». Paris, EHESS, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992EHES0021.
Texte intégralBetween 1816 and 1847, foods riots occured periodicaly in france, following poor harvests. This study tried to reconstitute the motives and the signification of these popular riots by building the chronology and the geography of violence, by examining the different forms of action and by looking for the political and social motivations of the mob. An other purpose of this work is to examine the official response to the widespred series of disorders. Then, by reviewing the true importance of the women's participation in these riots and by looking at the reasons thot governed their relative impunity, this study tries to demonstrate the importance of social representations in the unfolding and the repression of these movements
Raison-Jourde, Françoise. « Construction nationale, idéntité chrétienne et modernité : Le premier XIXè siècle malgache ». Lyon 3, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989LYO31006.
Texte intégralThis work is a reassesment of precolonial history during the xixth century when the malagasy kingdom became christian. First concerned by technological and intellectual improvements (1817-1835), then offensed by their religious teaching, the power became christian in 1869 at the end of a process which is still mysterious. The approach also concerns minor groups of christians like the catholics. The purpose is to understand the evolution of the state, of the elites, of the peasants and of the conquered territories. After 1869 the work focuses on the territorial and social progression of protestantism which owes much to the pattern of the parish and to the lively interactions between town and country life. It compares the new means of communication : primary schools, secondary schools, books and reviews, with the traditional means, mainly kabary (speeches) and singing which are far more important in their impact. The last part of the work is devoted to the reactions of the rural population. Everybody wants to be baptised like the queen, but the blow of several epudemics leads the crowds to an interpretation in terms of punishment by the ancestors. The famadihana is a ceremony more and more practised to please the ancestors
Tsaboto, Jean. « Mutation sociale et politique de la société antemoro au XIXe siècle (Sud-Est de Madagascar) ». Paris, EHESS, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003EHES0179.
Texte intégralIn the South-East of Madagascar, in the XVIIth and XVIIIth centuries, a political balance was established between nobles and commoners, in the Antemoro kingdom, founded by descendants of islamized immigrants, and in the Antesaka kingdom built up by Maroseràña who came from the West Coast. The violent irruption of the Merina power, whose administration controlles foreign trade, set up taxes and fatigues (after 1824), and introduced chritianity and schooling (1878), disrupted these societies. Internal elements added to these external factors, connected with balance of power between social strata and with fights in order to control men and rice-fields. The policy of the Merina government, which chose to get support from the nobles in the Antemoro and Antesaka countries, and from the Zafisoro in the Farafangana, worsened the gap between social groups. Tensions gave birth to conflicts that population mobility and influence of Christian ideology turned into revolutionary wars. The Antemoro (in 1851, 1883, 1894, periods of crisis between Madagascar and France) and Antesaka commoners (in 1895) managed to break up hierarchies of their kingdoms and set free their slaves with whom they formed new social groups. These groups built up "royal" structures in the Antesaka (1895) and Antemoro (1937) regions. In the Frafangana area, since 1852, tension between Antefasy and Zafisoro has benn permanent. The afternath of these conflicts still affects the whole region today; they are worsened by demographic presure on arable land
Ferreira, Maria de Fatima Sa e. Melo. « Résistances populaires au libéralisme au Portugal (1834-1844) ». Paris 1, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995PA010602.
Texte intégralOur dissertation analyses the popular resistance movements towards the liberalism after the ending of the civil war, that in 1834 led the liberals to power. The resistances were based upon a politisation process pursued by the antirevolutionary partisans. These resistance were renforced by several factors : the war experience, the retaliations that folowed and the hostility to the liberal reforming activity the core of our research is the form of politisation of the peasants and other social groups
Carotenuto, Audrey. « Les résistances serviles dans la société coloniale de l'île Bourbon (1750-1848) ». Aix-Marseille 1, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006AIX10083.
Texte intégralNativel, Didier. « Maisons royales, demeures des grands à Madagascar : l'inscription de la réussite sociale dans l'espace urbain de Tananarive au XIXe siècle ». Paris 7, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997PA070144.
Texte intégralMerina and domestic architecture has known deep changes throughout the nineteenth century. The shape and conceiving of the places dans houses of those who belonged to the tananarive elite was mostly breaking with the past. The buildings of a bigger and bigger size started being erected in more varied and resistant materials (brick and stone at the end of the century). Those technical dans cultural breaks were decided more than undergone by the sovereigns dans the powerful, strenthening their power indeed by increasing the mobilization of the population, the merina craftsmen, but also of the european architects, to the advantage of the latter-besides, palaces and spacious dwellings have displayed the mastery of higher prestigious techniques and aesthetics from abroad, i. E the indian ocean, the west. Standing out in 1895, france has had to manage with those various contributions which make the capital of the colony a truly original place where tradition and modernity mix
Ratrimoarivony-Rakotondrainibe, Mamy. « Relation entre la société et l'éducation avant la colonisation dans la province de l'Imérina à Madagascar ». Paris 5, 1985. http://www.theses.fr/1985PA05H031.
Texte intégralRaharison, Lucien. « Héritage foncier, évolution du paysage agraire et de la paysannerie en Imenina (hautes terres centrales de Madagascar) de la fin du 19e siècle aux années 1990 ». Paris 7, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA070018.
Texte intégralIn this study, we would to show clearly, on the one hand, the predominance of the succession over the landownership in Imerina(high land in Central Madagascar), in spite of, on the other hand, the development of the sale of land. The two most practiced modes of access to landownership in Imerina seem to be contradictory whereas in fact they are complementary. The sale of land seems at first sight, contrary to patriony of inheritance principles. The sale of land is one of adaptations to customary principles in order to preserve the social bond despite the economic difficulties in the sense that the sale of lands is not allowed except by local people's agreement. There is endo-transferability but not exo-transferability. In that sense the land is not (or not entirely) a property, therefore we can't talk about land market. Seing an integral part of standards a value System, centuries old practice, the inheritance has evolved with the time. Until when will the rule of endo-transferability resist to the pressure of market and to the obligation of the permanent revival of social bonds ? Problems of ration evolution between inheritance, sales of land and other mode of access to landownership involve in having interest both in customary right and in contemporary one on its every aspect. Other factors have also to be taken into account within a entire scope of the custom. In our methodology, we have worked on source of documents such as: Land registry Lists and records of local delegates, monographies. All those things have been examined and completed by the investigations
François, Axelle. « La structuration d'un État malgache au XIXe siècle : de l'apogée du royaume merina à la mise en place du protectorat français ». Toulouse 1, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2006TOU10041.
Texte intégralAfter having imposed themselves as the dominant tribe in Madagascar, the Merina were able to establish a political stability towards the European countries. This enabled them to maintain a certain independence until the ultimate action of the French colonization, which marks the end of the Merina monarchy. During many years, the Merina were able to hold the French colonialist claim in check. The perseverance of the court of Imerina and its intransigent government policy, were the principal assets of the Malagasy populaiton. Nevertheless, facing the determination of the French and deprived of the support of its faithful allied which was England, Madagascar was compelled to accept, in 1895, the official protectorate introduction. This victory was the cost of many years of fight during which the French did not stop modifying and adapting their policy in order to impose themselves towards the Malagasy people who were inclined to defend the crowned ground of their ancestors against any foreign interference
Cuevas, Maria-Fernanda. « Le processus de l'abolition de I'esclavage en Nouvelle Grenade (1780-1860) : temps et contretemps d'une transition significative entre la Révolution et la République ». Paris, EHESS, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016EHES0104.
Texte intégralThe widespread granting of freedom and formal citizenship to slaves represented an enlargement of revolutionary universalism vis-a-vis popular sectors. The main objective of this research is to investigate the long process of the abolition of slavery in New Grenade, focusing on the evolution of slave relations and the resistance of slaves, as well as on the political and legal aspects that led to the disarticulation of the institution of slavery, since the republican state intervened as another actor in the process. The importance of the study of the abolition in the Americas is related to the transformations it has brought an its implementation in each imperial or republican space. This process was gradual in most of the cases and had a contradictory development, as it involved diferent debates and mesures in which the interests of owners, elites, slaves and States themselves were in dispute. In fact, States had to intervene to bring the process to an end, in every space of the continent. In order to show the different actors involved in the process of abolition, and by seeking to integrate the role of the slaves and their evolution in this process, we have taken up a musical metaphor of time and contretemps to detail the irregular rhythm that was followed in the disarticulation of slavery. Thus, in complementation to the linear time of boundage domination and political and social events, we have added the study of resistances and slave actions, as well as its impact on the trajectory that led to extinguish the institution of slavery
Kohler, Catherine. « Emigration et conflit agraire en Ecosse à la fin du XIXe siècle : le projet Lothian ». Grenoble 3, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001GRE39020.
Texte intégralCharles, Clément Séverin. « Les Mahafale de l'Onilahy : des clans au Royaume, du XVIe siècle à la conquête coloniale (Sud-Ouest de Madagascar) ». Paris 1, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986PA010516.
Texte intégralMonnier, Jehanne-Emmanuelle. « Du voyageur naturaliste à l'explorateur scientifique colonial. Itinéraires et stratégies d'Alfred Grandidier (1836-1921) ». Thesis, La Réunion, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013LARE0015/document.
Texte intégralOur aim is to study the evolution of scientific exploration in France during the 19th century, dealing with the history of sciences, colonial history and cultural history. Alfred Grandidier's path is characteristic of a transitionnal period in wich former scientific tradition of Enlightenment is still tangible while principles of colonial science of the 1930's are already emerging. Alfred Grandidier's scientific itinerary is also interesting in itself. Our puprose is to analyse the building process of the scientific career and the personnal undergoing of Alfred Grandidier, from his training during chilhood to his intellectual legacy. This thesis insists on material aspects and everyday life on exploration, bearing in mind involvement of the scientist in various networks including the construction of his own image
Gandelot, Ludovic. « Les khojas Ismaïlis Agakhanis de Madagascar : des Gujaratis de l'Océan Indien (1885-1972) : Communauté religieuse, politique et territoires ». Paris 7, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA070048.
Texte intégralThe ismaïli agakhani khojas (followers of the Aga Khan) are part of the gujarati minority of Madagascar. Facing divisions and conflicts, the khojas remaining followers of the Aga Khan set up a new community to counter the influence of the ithna ashery shiite Islam. Observed from Madagascar, they appear as a minority of low socio-economic status, and not so different from other gujaratis. However, after the Second World War, they become one of the most known communities. A reflection about the construction of identities of gujaratis of the Indian Ocean in relation to local and international political contexts, the study shows that the forms of the extra-territorial relations of gujaratis are partly determined by their mode of integration. In this process, the dynamism of the agakhani khoja community is very specific. Early and centralized, it is based on religion and articulated with the foreign condition of both religious leader and followers. We will present the different periods of its production, spread and appropriation by the agakhani khojas of Madagascar and will show that the internationalized community construction based in East Africa as well as the Aga Khan's own status enable the increase of the statutory position of the group
Rasolondraibe, Seth Andriamanalina. « Le ministère de 'berger' dans les Églises protestantes de Madagascar (de la fin du XIXe siècle à nos jours) : Tensions et compromis entre mouvements de Réveil, institutions protestantes et religions traditionnelles ». Paris, EPHE, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010EPHE5026.
Texte intégralThe movements of Revival or the "ministry of mpiandry" exist now in most of the historic Protestant churches of Madagascar, inspiring and influencing profoundly their lives and their ministries. Today, we can say with certainty that all these churches are more or less touched by the movements of Revivals. Nevertheless, these movements always engendered tensions and conflits between them and these Protestant institutions. Our study suggests examining the various aspects of these conflicts and bringing to light the various types of compromise in which they ended. Our statement contains five chapters. The first one and the second one essentially consist in describing the context : in which political, socioeconomic and religious contexts was made the penetration of Protestantism in Madagascar (1818). And in which context, the movements of Revivals and the "ministry of shepherd" did appear ? Then (3rd and 4th parts), through the life and works of the four initiators of the Revivals, Rainisoalambo (1894), Ravelonjanahary (1926), Nenilava (1941) et Rakotozandry (1946), we describe the process of institutionalization of the "ministry of shepherd". Finally (5th part), thanks to the analysis of the actions and the interactions between the various protagonists, we can clarify the various compromises emerging from it and we draw a conclusion
Jacob, Guy. « La France et Madagascar de 1880 à 1894 : aux origines d'une conquête coloniale ». Paris 4, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996PA040115.
Texte intégralEn 1890 la France, qui escompte encore une rapide revanche, s'intéresse peu à Madagascar. Mais les Réunionnais, ruinés, veulent mettre la main sur la Grande Île. Ils ont deux arguments : sa richesse fabuleuse, des "droits historiques" anciens. Et un prétexte : posséder un vaste réservoir de main-d'œuvre. Avec des consuls de France remuants, ils amplifient une rumeur : l'Angleterre veut contrôler Madagascar alléguant divers incidents, le Réunionnais de Mahy, ministre de la marine pour un très bref intérim, lance en 1883 l'escadre de l'océan Indien contre Madagascar. Ferry, qui, à posteriori, approuve cette décision, se voit reprocher par la chambre sa timidité lors du grand débat de juillet 1885, l'intervention de Mahy est essentielle : grâce à lui Madagascar sauve le Tonkin. Mais, par le traité de 1885, le gouvernement malgache se refuse à reconnaître le protectorat français. Le Myre de Vilers, résident général, décèle les faiblesses de la monarchie. Dépourvu d'illusions sur les missionnaires britanniques qui prétendent exporter la révolution industrielle, il mise cependant, vainement, sur une conquête économique. Le premier ministre Rainilaiarivony accorde d'immenses concessions à des aventuriers alors que sur la côte végètent de petits colons créoles. En 1890, l'Angleterre reconnaît le protectorat français sur Madagascar. En vain, Rainilaiarivony s'efforce de développer la recherche de l'or, puis de mobiliser son armée. Au contraire, le grand banditisme progresse. Le gouvernement malgache est condamné par la Résidence, les Jésuites et les missions britanniques. Fin 1894, le parlement français, rendu euphorique par les accords avec la Russie, vote les crédits pour une expédition destinée à occuper Tananarive. (Doc thèses)
In 1890, France, still hoping for a revenge, hardly took interest in Madagascar. But being bankrupt, the population of the island of La Reunion wanted to lay their hands on Madagascar. They put forward two arguments: its fabulous wealth and some ancient historic rights. They also alleged the fact that the island offered ample manpower. And with the help of some very active French consuls. They also spread the rumour that England wanted to gain control over Madagascar. The Creole de Mahy, who was the navy minister for a short interim period, took on him to send the Indian Ocean squadron against Madagascar. Ferry, who subsequently gave his approval to the decision, was blamed for being too timid by the chamber. During the great debate of July 1885, Madagascar saved Tonkin through Mahy's interpellation. However, the Malagasy government rejected the French protectorate by the 1885 treaty. Le Myre de Vilers, the resident general, detected the weaknesses of the monarchy. Under no illusion as to the British missionaries exporting the industrial revolution, he, in vain, banked on an economic control. The Prime Minister Rainilaiarivony conceded huge concessions to adventurers while small Creole settlers could hardly make a living on the coast. In 1890, England recognized the French protectorate on Madagascar. Rainilaiarivony tried to develop gold mining and to rally his army. However, crime was increasing. The Malagasy government was blamed by the residence, the Jesuits and the British missions. By the end of 1894, the French parliament, encouraged by the agreement with Russia, voted for an expedition to take over Antananarivo
Gomez, Alejandro Enrique. « Le syndrome de Saint-Domingue : perceptions et représentations de la révolution haïtienne dans le monde atlantique, 1790-1886 ». Paris, EHESS, 2010. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00555007v2.
Texte intégralUntil the last decade of the eighteenth century, Santo Domingo was the most prosperous plantation colony in the Americas. It was precisely in the north of this insular territory where in 1791 broke out the slave rebellion that perhaps marked the most the history of the New World. This event was followed by civil and military conflicts which, further on, led to the independence of Haiti in 1804. From the beginning of this social and political process, the situation of the Whites was affected, especially in the nearby slave societies who feared for their own inner peace and were alarmed by the violence of an insurgency which could led to an independent Republic ran exclusively by Blacks and Mulattos. Evidences of this widespread collective alarm can be found almost everywhere in the Greater Caribbean, as well as expressions of anxiety, fear and even of panic, also in the discourse held on this issue by the Whites. These evidences continued to happen throughout the nineteenth century, until slavery was abolished in each territory, and sometimes even later. They highlight the existence of a supranational traumatism related to the events occurred at the island of La Hispaniola, which has been described as a collective syndrome. Our work aims therefore to determine the real extent and consequences of this phenomenon, by analyzing in detail each of its manifestations in the various cultural areas of the Atlantic World, by using analytical tools particularly inspired in the cognitive sciences
Ballarin, Marie-Pierre. « Les reliques royales sakalava : source de légitimation et enjeu de pouvoir : (Madagascar, XVIIIème-XXème) ». Paris 7, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998PA070094.
Texte intégralThe sakalava royal symbolic is expressed in the conservation of deceased kings remains. These regalia are probably a typical example of the ever present relationship to ancestors in western malagasy societies. In the sakalava societies, the cult of relics was practised by the inhabitants of the west of madagascar before the formation of dynasties. This cult will be promoted as a royal culte in the course of the constitution of the kingdoms. As medieval saints in europe, the royal ancestor, through his relics, protects not only the royal descent but also the subjects as a whole. The agricultural protection provided by the relics cult becomes an instrument of political legitimisation for the dynasties. From then onwards, the remains of the royal body are kept in a reliquary and play a fundamental role in the practice of power. Source of legitimisation or legitimising source, what role will the relics play after the lose of souvereignty that follows the merina and frenh conquests ? by 1882, the french and the merina have entered into a bitter struggle for the keeping of the relics, a useful to maintain the submission of the sakalava population. At last, in the wake of independence, the legitimising role of these regalia again applies again in the context of the new stakes of power. In moments of political crisis, the relics of the sakalava kings, and more globally, the royal symbolic, constitute the main reference of in-fights and alliances. Stressing the ambivalence between power and religion, still a relevant topic today, we will see the lasting efficiency of these ancien ideological principles in today's local context. Today, the possession of relics remains locally a major stake and a force of legitimisation. It is therefore in a broad historical context that this attempt to understand the relationship with ancestors is located
Lambert, Olivier. « Marseille et Madagascar : histoire d'une aventure outre-mer : entrepreneurs et activités portuaires, stratégies économiques et mentalités coloniales (1840-1976) ». Paris, EHESS, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999EHES0030.
Texte intégralRandretsanilo-Rakotomahandry, Sahondrarijao. « Ranavalona 1ère, reine de Madagascar face aux étrangers : 1829-1845 : nostalgie de puissance ? » Lyon 3, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001LYO33011.
Texte intégralMarikandia, Louis. « Contribution à la connaissance des Vezo du Sud-Ouest de Madagascar : histoire et société de l'espace littoral du Fiherena au dix-huitième et au dix-neuvième siècles ». Paris 1, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988PA010545.
Texte intégralBois, Dominique. « Vazaha et autochtones sur la côte est de Madagascar : médiation et métissage entre 1854 et 1885 ». Paris 7, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996PA070147.
Texte intégralLégaré, Roussin Eric. « Peur et politisation en Bretagne : une étude des rumeurs dans le département d'Ille-et-Vilaine au début du XIXe siècle ». Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/34443.
Texte intégralIn 1815, Napoleon’s defeat at Waterloo sounded the knell of the First French Empire. The Bourbons, who have made their way back to the throne of France, were in dire need to impose their authority in a realm now unstable due to internal turmoil. The inhabitants of the department of Ille-et-Vilaine fell prey of numerous civil wars opposing Chouan and revolutionary forces. The local administrators, in their fear of seeing new conflicts arise, listened carefully to the population in order to prevent new insurgencies. As this census of public opinion unfolded, monarchist government officials wrote down in their reports numerous rumours that were heard throughout the department’s countryside. This master’s thesis is therefore centred on the analysis of various rumours collated in order to study the politicization of Briton peasantry during the first few years of the Bourbon Restoration. The term “politicization” used here presents a double meaning. Firstly, it stands for the attribution of a political dimension to a given subject. Secondly, it refers to the act of politicizing oneself, that is, the raising of political consciousness observed among the peasantry.
Onaran, Burak. « A bas le sultan : la conjuration de Kuleli (1859) et l'organisation de Meslek (1867) : les premières tentatives de détrônement après l'abolition des janissaires ». Paris, EHESS, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009EHES0170.
Texte intégralThe main subject of this dissertation is two secret organizations (Kuleli, 1859 and Meslek,1867) uncovered by the Ottoman authorities in Istanbul while preparing the first revolts of the post-janissary era which targeted to overthrow the Ottoman sultan. This dissertation aims to rewrite the history of these two organizations in order to demonstrate their structure, mode of functioning and strategies for the revolt, and at the same time to understand their motivations, thoughts and political strategies as well as the social profiles of their members. The preliminary chapter of the dissertation concentrates on the regicides and dethronements in the history of the Ottoman Empire since the beginning of the 17 th century. This chapter constructs a fundamental historical and conceptual basis which thus helps in the following chapters to demonstrate the particularities of Kuleh and Meslek incidents and that of the Tanzimat era. In sum, this dissertation aims to contribute to the comprehension of the developments in the Ottoman political space; particularly the evolution of the position of the "subjects" within the Ottoman political power during the first decades of the Tanzimat era in which the governmental mentality and techniques of the central administration were reformulated and the public opinion increasingly presented itself as a political actor
Iffono, Aly Gilbert. « Histoire des Kissia de la République de Guinée : de la conquête coloniale à la fin de la seconde guerre mondiale ». Paris, EHESS, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010EHES0138.
Texte intégralThe thesis presents the Kissi traditional society for a period of 50 years as it was conquered, dominated and exploited by France, Brita in and Liberia. It tried to show the impact of this trio colonization on the development of the society, to show in the final analysis, the ruptures inflicted and the heritage that was preserved. The question to answer is whether colonization was the unique cause of current conditions of undeveloped African society generally and the Kissi society particularly. To answer this question, the thesis presents 3 tendencies: One holds firmly culpable the colonization and systematically denies any benefit derived from it to the concerned societies. The second, while incriminating Africans, pays homage to the "goodness of colonization in Africa". The third estimates that responsibility lies at the door of Africans as much as the colonial factor. Faced with this contradiction and strong divergent perceptions, the research concludes that though colonization carries a heavier responsibility, Africans can not be totally exonerated. One only has to remember the internal contradictions which facilitated the conquest and the domination of the continent in the first place, or the complicity of some African chiefs who contributed largely to the colonial implantation and exploitation of their own territories. However, despite colonial conquest and the different forms of societal ruptures it brought here and there, the Kissi people were able to save their main culture as well as their leadership or governing system inherited from the pre-colonial era. In the end, the research concluded that the Kissi people are very conscientious of their existence as a socially, politically, and culturally well organized people in their environment and within defined boundaries known to all. The Kissi people are also conscientious of their history, culture and civilization they have every intention to defend and transmit through generations
Ramakavelo, Désiré. « Les actions politico-militaires de François de Mahy dans la conquête de Madagascar ». Paris 1, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989PA010253.
Texte intégralFrançois de Mahy, deputy for La Reunion from 1871 to 1906, devoted his 35 years of political career entirely to one main target, i-e, the annexation of Madagascar. After their island was conquered in 1810 by England, the politicians in La Reunion, lost their French citizenship. How they considered Madagascar as an essential factor in order to presence their political independence in that geographical area. As provisional minister for the navy and for the colonies, François de Mahy decided to send Admiral Pierre to military expedition. That affected France’s policy in Europe. The French government wanted to avoid any risk for France to become isolated in Europe, and so, preferred to keep the statu quo in Madagascar by recognizing the Malagasy queen's authority on the whole territory, not considering the expenses caused by the 1883 and 1895 expeditions. So, the conquest of Madagascar is an example for totally opposed policies : on the one hand, François de Mahy policy trying to make the great island a French colony, on the other hand, Rainilaiarivony's policy known as the territorial unification of the country, which is the necessary condition for the independence and the national sovereignty
Gautier, Gérard. « Domination, institution, et identité : le mouvement Taiping et la Chine du XIXème siècle ». Phd thesis, Université Paris VIII Vincennes-Saint Denis, 1992. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00676281.
Texte intégralRandriambeloma-Rakotoanosy, Ginette. « Le roman féminin victorien et son rayonnement : Jane Eyre, Wuthering Heights et leurs lectrices à Madagascar, notamment en Imerina dans les années soixante ». Dijon, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987DIJOL020.
Texte intégralFor more than a century (1847-1969), Jane Eyre and Wuthering heights had been the objects of a world-wide attention as the impressive number of translations, editions, adaptations and critical works concerning those attests. This had led us to examine their most striking features within the context of the feminine novel in England. It then becomes obvious that such a popularity was due to their authors ‘views on women and their social functions, on romanticism (with an emphasis on love) and on Victorianism in so far as the two novels are representative of the trends and ideas of the Victorian era (conservatism, evangelism, sentimentalism, didacticism, prudery). A scrutiny of the way they were introduced in Imerina together with a general portrait of their Malagasy women readers in the 60 help to a better understanding of their impact. These reveal the importance of commercial exchange, literacy, education, translation and that of French language. Our conclusion is that three elements account for their popularity: - first, a community of interests their main subject being the eternal dilemma of women torn apart between their aspirations to more freedom and consideration and their feminine conditions - second, a community of culture: the presence of British protestant missionaries in Imerina in the nineteenth century has left an enduring influence on the minds causing a spontaneous identify
Gustinvil, Jean Waddimir. « Logiques coloniales de domination et d'émancipation : imaginaire colonial et égalité : la société postcoloniale haïtienne du long dix-neuvième siècle haïtien ». Paris 7, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA070107.
Texte intégralThe captives of Saint-Domingue invested the public colonial space by appropriating the idiom of the Declaration of The Rights of Man and of the Citizen of 1789 in order to subvert the colonialist slave system. This brought about a transformation of the colonial space, making it a public sphere. Thus, the servile revolution decentered the French revolution as to its europeanism by including in the concept of « Man » the slaves of the colonies. This inclusion leads to a revolution of the revolution which we will understand as a conflict between two idioms of the two revolutions. The first idiom functions on the basis of an excluded third while the second integrates this third into the syllogism of the rights. However, in spite of the radicality of the servile revolution, the country born from this revolution adopted practices that reminds one of the colonial slave system. This situation has led certain authours to deny the radicality of the negro revolution. This post-revolutionary Haitian situation reveals the figure of the post-slavery subject or the postcolonial subject. The radicality of a revolution does not guarantee any immunity against situations of reversal and does not prejugde their impossibility: this rests a mystery, that we will call the mystery of the return. If a “reversal” did take place, nevertheless this cannot deny the foregoing radicality. In the case of Saint-Domingue, the reversal takes the form of a return of the colonial slave system right after the negro revolution, when the former slave becomes an accomplice of the master in the reproduction of the colonial relation. This thesis consists of three parts: the first part is dedicated to the mystery of the revolution; the second to the dispute opposing the two revolutionary idioms; and the third to the colonial mystery
Clavé, Yannick. « Les proviseurs de lycée au XIXè siècle (1802-1914) : diriger un établissement scolaire, servir l'Etat, former la jeunesse ». Thesis, Artois, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018ARTO0003.
Texte intégralPlaced in an interface position within the education system, between the national and academic higher authorities, the local notables, the pupils and their families, but also all the staff of the school, including teachers, over whom they have authority, principals occupy a fundamental position. Created at the same time as the Napoleonic high school, in 1802, the principals benefited throughout the nineteenth century from a construction of their status and career by the state. True middle management officials, for the vast majority from the world of education, more and more frequently aggregated, the principals are subject to intense geographical mobility, almost essential for those who want to accomplish a great career whose top remains Parisian high schools. His daily work is considerable, both in and out of his establishment. The principal also asserts his pedagogical role, the Institution expecting from him a true capacity to show himself as an educator, and not only as an administrator. Representatives of the Republican State, the principals are also at the heart of the political and religious issues of their time, especially to face the stiff competition imposed on them by congregational institutions.Mobilizing a variety of sources (official and regulatory texts, personal files of officials, departmental archives, private documents), this thesis is based on a prosopographic approach, to study career paths, forms of professional mobility and social origins of these officials over the course of a long nineteenth century, with special attention to the Third Republic, when the construction of the provisional body is strengthened. The principals can indeed be considered as a socio-professional group with the slow but certain affirmation of a real identity of body, in law and in fact, which does not exclude some specificities, like these 108 ecclesiastical principals whose last , fully supported by the Republican authorities, only retired in 1898
Casamento, Tumeo Antonio. « La foule dans la littérature italienne de la fin du XIXème siècle ». Phd thesis, Université de Grenoble, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00741783.
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