Thèses sur le sujet « RMN du carbone 13 »
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Karabulut, Nermin. « Optimisation de la séquence DEPT pour la RMN quantitative ». Nantes, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002NANT2043.
Texte intégralTenailleau, Eve. « Développement de la RMN quantitative du carbone 13 en abondance naturelle ». Nantes, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005NANT2016.
Texte intégralThe aim of this study is the optimisation of the quantitative 13C-NMR experimental conditions to reach an accuracy of 1 ‰ and a minimum experimental time. Two model molecules, acetic acid and ethanol bilabeled in 13C at 99% have been used to analyse the decoupling conditions influence. Composites pulses do not allow a quantification with such a precision. Only adiabatic pulses after optimisation of the shape, the length and the phase cycle present sufficient. The homonuclear 1H coupling influence have been brought to light. Finally, several vanillin and ethanol samples have been analysed in optimised decoupling conditions. The samples isotopic specific abundances have been calculated and compared with literature data. Then, a preliminary study about the use of the ERETIC™ method in the case of the quantitative 13C-NMR has been carried on. Thus, quantitative 13C-NMR at natural abundance appears as an efficient method for the isotopic specific ratios 13C/12C determination
Mariotti, Jean-Pierre. « Analyse d'huiles essentielles par chromatographie et RMN du carbone-13 : cistus ladaniferus, cistus monspeliensis et stachys glutinosa ». Corte, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994CORT3011.
Texte intégralEl, Hage Maha. « Caractérisation du métabolisme cérébral chez le rat : étude par spectroscopie RMN du carbone 13 ». Thesis, Lyon 1, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011LYO10101.
Texte intégralThis study was conducted to obtain a better knowledge of brain metabolism which is altered in many neurological diseases or by drugs with toxic effects on the central nervous system. For this purpose, we used our cellular metabolomic approach that combines enzymatic and carbon 13 NMR measurements with mathematical modeling of metabolic pathways. In the first part of this work, we characterized the metabolism of rat brain slices by using the main substrates of the brain. Our slices metabolized and oxidized these substrates at high rates during the incubation period. The second part presents a validation of our model of study by testing the effect of valproate, a widely used antiepileptic drug. We showed that valproate not only increases the accumulation of GABA and decreases that of aspartate, but also alters fluxes through several enzymes involved in brain metabolism. In the third part, we investigated the effects of guanidino compounds on cerebral metabolism; these compounds increase glucose consumption and lactate accumulation by rat brain slices. Thus, our slices are a good model for metabolic studies in vitro and our approach provides an overview of the metabolic fate of a given substrate and allows to identify the metabolic pathways involved by measuring enzymatic fluxes in the absence and the presence of a pharmacological or toxicological agents
Cavalli, Jean-François. « Caractérisation par CPG/IK, CPG/SM et RMN du carbone-13 d'huiles essentielles de Madagascar ». Corte, 2002. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00007939.
Texte intégralTholozan, Jean-Luc. « Métabolisme des acides gras volatils dans les écosystèmes méthanogènes : application de la RMN du carbone 13 ». Lille 1, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988LIL10031.
Texte intégralHenzel, Norbert. « Développement d'un nouvel outil d'analyse spectrale et d'estimation des paramètres de signaux RMN 13C ». Nancy 1, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997NAN10020.
Texte intégralCAVALLI, Jean-François. « Caractérisation par CPG/IK, CPG/SM et RMN du carbone-13 d'huiles essentielles de Madagascar ». Phd thesis, Université Pascal Paoli, 2002. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00007939.
Texte intégralMAZZONI, VANINA. « Analyse de melanges naturels par rmn du carbone-13 : extraits lipidiques, miels et huiles essentielles ». Corte, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998CORT3036.
Texte intégralLOTA, MARIE-LAURE. « Les huiles essentielles d'agrumes : caracterisation par rmn du carbone-13, cpg-ik et cpg/sm ». Corte, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999CORT3042.
Texte intégralGuyader, Sophie. « Developpement de nouvelles applications en analyse d'authenticité des aliments par Résonnance Magnétique Nucléaire (RMN) ». Thesis, Nantes, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018NANT4027.
Texte intégralVerification of authenticity in food-processing intends to protect the health of consumers, to guarantee the traceability of products and to fight against frauds. Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) is an analytical · method employed for quantifying targeted compounds or for acquiring complete spectral fingerprints involving different fields such as metabolomics, isotopy or chemometrics. Pure research aims to promote the development of effective tools and to assure their applicability, it was suggested to transfer three methods using the NMR spectroscopy in an industrial environment. To characterize new varieties of Arabica coffee, modified in a genetic point of view and recently introduced on the market, a first studied has been proposed in proton NMR by the use of a recent and efficient chemometric tool, the IC-DA (Independent Component - Discriminant Analysis). A second study focused on the transfer of a newly developed NMR sequence for carbon 13 in refocused adiabatic INEPT (Insensitive Nuclei Enhanced by Polarization Tranter) applied to several plant and animal origins of fats. Finally, isotopic NMR analysis of carbon-13 in Vanillin has been proposed following a rigorous transfer process. Two of the three methods were routinely transferred during the thesis. The three presented projects were submitted for publication and have provided new knowledges and tools for the industrial laboratory of analysis, the extension of their area of expertise and the guarantee or the optimization of their existing methods
Ferrari, Bernard. « La RMN du carbone-13, outil d'analyse des mélanges naturels : caractérisation d' huiles végétales, d'huiles essentielles et d'extraits aux solvants ». Corte, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003CORTA002.
Texte intégralLiu, Kai. « La RMN du carbone-13, outil d’analyse, étude phytochimique de Clinopodium ascendens, bupleurum fruticosum et Santolina corica ». Corte, 2008. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00604114.
Texte intégralThe structural and quantitative analysis of complex mixtures such as essential oils or extracts is commonly carried out by GC-RI, GC/MS or a combination of the se techniques. Carbon-13 NMR spectroscopy is an efficient tool for the identification of individual components, without previous separation, of essential oils. The study of the chemical composition of the essential oil associated by the antibacterial activities contributes to the development of the field of fragrance materials in Corsica. We carried out several binary mixtures containing oxygenated mono, sesqui and diterpenes. The intermolecular hydrogen bonding was responsible to the 13C NMR chemical shifts in the mixture spectrum compared with those of pure compounds. Otherwise, our results also suggested the presents of other intermolecular bond like Van der Waals bonding. The analysis of the chemical composition of the essential oil of three insular plants growing wild, Clinopodium ascendens of Madeira Island, Bupleurum fruticosum and Santolina corsica of Corsica, has been investigated using a combination of column chromatography, GC, GC/MS and I3C NMR following a methodology developed and computerized in our laboratory. - The essential oil of Clinopodium ascendens was characterised by C-3 oxygenated p¬menthane derivatives (cis and trans isopulegone, neoiso-isopulegol). - We got interested by Bupleurum fruticosum, growing wild in Corsica. Conceming the essential oil, the influence of several parameters was investigated: seasonaL variation, different aerial parts, infraspecific variability of the essential oil; oil extract by microwave apparatus. The oil of Bupleurum fruticosum from Corsica was characterised by the high content of ~-phel1andrene. - ln the essential oil of Santolina corsica we noted the occurrence of irregular mono and sesquiterpenes. Antibacterial activity was tested against six bacteria strains. An irregular monoterpene, Lyratol, was identified as main responsive of the antibacterial activity
Tholozan, Jean-Luc. « Métabolisme des acides gras volatils dans les écosystèmes méthanogènes application de la RMN du carbone 13 / ». Grenoble 2 : ANRT, 1988. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37618896k.
Texte intégralBaldovini, Nicolas. « La RMN du carbone-13, outil d'analyse : caractérisation des huiles essentielles et différenciation énantiomérique de terpènes ». Aix-Marseille 3, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000AIX30035.
Texte intégralMichelotti, Alessia. « Développement de méthodes synthétiques pour le marquage au carbone-13 et deutérium de molécules endogènes pour des applications en DNP-IRM et RMN ». Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019SACLV032.
Texte intégralHyperpolarized 13C magnetic resonance imaging (13C-MRI) is a promising emerging tool to follow the metabolic routes in vivo in view of early stage detection of cancer. Optimization of the sensitivity of the MRI measurement requires injection of carbon-13 or deuterium labelled endogenous molecules. In this context, sodium L-[1-13C,U-D] lactate was individuated as a promising probe for the detection and prediction of treatment-response in patients with prostate cancer. We realized the first chemical synthesis of such probe starting from L-[1-13C] alanine by developing two distinct strategies for the selective deuteration of the position C2 and C3. The method of C2 deuteration relies on the technique of the metal-catalyzed hydrogen-deuterium exchange and can be applied to the synthesis of several deuterated amino-acids to an industrial-scale. The method of C3 deuteration was realised by Pd(OAc)2 catalyzed C-H activation. It provides a unique route to obtain amino-acids selectively deuterated in position C3. We also developed a robust route for the 13C labelling of the C1 position of L-alanine from acetaldehyde and K13CN by a modification of the Strecker’s synthesis. By using deuterated acetaldehyde, a scalable synthesis of L-[1-13C,U-D] lactate could now be possible
Lesueur, Dominique. « La RMN du carbone-13, outil d'analyse : contribution à l'étude d'huiles essentielles du Viet-Nam et d'un liquide de pyrolyse de la biomasse ». Corte, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005CORT3089.
Texte intégralThe objective of this study was a contribution to the development of the 13c nmr as a tool for identification and quantitative determination of the components of natural mixtures. This technique was applied to the caracterization of essential oils from vietnam and a bio-oil. The chromatographic and spectroscopic data of acyclic, non terpenic compounds, bearing different fractions (alcohols, acetates and aldehydes, satured and unsatured) were determined. The signals of the c4 and c5 carbons of α,β-unsatured aldehydes were deshielded and shielded respectively, compared with those of the corresponding alcohols. These differences are probably the consequence of conjugation and are no dependant of the chain length. A detailed an alysis by 13c nmr of the essential oil of piper bavinum from vietnam allowed the direct identification of 38 components. The chemical composition of various essential oils from vietnam was determined by combination of gc(ri), gc-ms and 13c nmr. The composition of some of these oils was reported for the first time and some others oils exhibited an antibacterial activity. A bio-oil was fractionated and the fractions were analysed by complementary analytical techniques (gpc, irft, gc-ms and 13c nmr). Three families of components were distinguished: alcanes, anhydrosugars and phenolic compounds (monomers and oligomers). The oligomers have a mass up to 5000 g. Mol-1. Finally, a quantitative sequence was implemented to determine, by 13c nmr, the content of hydroxyacetaldehyde (monomeric and dimeric forms) in the bio-oils
Portais, Jean-Charles. « Etude par spectroscopie de RMN du carbone-13 du métabolisme intermédiaire de cellules gliales normales et tumorales ». Bordeaux 2, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993BOR28269.
Texte intégralMuselli, Alain. « Contribution de la rmn du carbone 13 a l'analyse d'huiles essentielles de corse et du viet-nam ». Corte, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999CORT3045.
Texte intégralGilbert, Alexis. « Méthodologies pour l'étude du fractionnement isotopique photosynthétique et post-photosynthétique par RMN 13C isotopique ». Nantes, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010NANT2049.
Texte intégralA methodology has been developed that makes possible the determination of the site specific carbon-13 isotopic composition of glucose, fructose and sucrose using isotopic 13C NMR. The derivatization of sugars as their acetonides is a prerequisite to accessing the desired information. Once the protocol for the derivatization was perfected, the methodology can attain a precision of 1‰ or better. Analyses of ethanols derived from sugars by fermentation show a good correlation with results obtained by the methodology developped. The ethanol molecule has also been used as a probe to show the influence of climatic parameters (temperature, sunshine, rainfall) on the intra-molecular 13C isotope distribution in sugars from grapes. Moreover, results for sugars or starch from plants having C3 or C4 metabolism show there to be an intramolecular 13C distribution characteristic of the type of carbon assimilatory pathway exploited. The hypothesis proposed here indicates that the CO2 assimilation mode is not the only factor affecting the intra-molecular 13C distribution in sugars. It appears that isomerisation steps (involving trioses phosphates or hexoses phosphates) are crucial in terms of isotopic fractionation in the sugars produced during photosynthesis. We have therefore measured the isotope effects associated with the transformation of glucose to fructose, catalysed by glucose isomerase. A clear equilibrium isotope effect is observed, which is shown to be responsible for the C-1 enrichment and the C-2 depletion of glucose, and a significant kinetic isotope effect on the C-2 of glucose is also seen during the conversion of fructose to glucose
Sofia, Raquel de Cassia Rodrigues. « Efeitos dos substituintes em RMN de carbono-13 : acetonitrilas 'alfa'-monossubstituidas ». [s.n.], 1996. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/249188.
Texte intégralDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Quimica
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Mestrado
Debeuckelaere, Camille. « Synthèse d'allergènes marqués au carbone 13 et études par RMN HRMAS de leurs interactions avec des épidermes reconstruits ». Thesis, Strasbourg, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012STRAF050.
Texte intégralContact dermatitis is one of the most common health problem and highly prevalent in industrialized countries. No therapy currently exists and only the total eviction of the allergen can prevent further allergie reaction.The key molecular event in skin sensitization is the formation of a bond between the allergen and the epidermal proteins. Due to the recent legislation on cosmetic and to help avoid the inappropriate use of new allergens, the understanding of this key step has to be expanded in order to develop new alternative metbods.The aim of this PhD work is to study the reactivity of some allergens towards amino acids and proteins presents in reconstructed human epidermis like SkinEthic® using the HRMAS NMR technique. Six allergens have been studied and their reactivity was compared to that observed ln solution with a model protein
Detour, Julien. « Caractérisation métabolomique des tissus épilectogènes par spectroscopie RMN à haute résolution à l'angle magique (RMN HRMAS) : applications à l'épilepsie temporale humaine et animale ». Thesis, Strasbourg, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013STRAJ098/document.
Texte intégralMetabolomics relates to the identification and quantification of metabolites in biological samples. This discipline is part of an approach known under the term of "systems biology". High Resolution Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy at Magic Angle Spinning (HRMAS NMR) is a method for obtaining metabolic profiling in such sample. Temporal Lobe Epilepsy (TLE ) is a common focal epilepsy often associated with selective neuronal loss, reactive gliosis and specific cellular plasticity. A neurometabolic origin of this epilepsy is a major area of research. To date no characterization of human cerebral biopsy from TLE patients has been conducted using HRMAS NMR. In the present work we aimed first at characterizing, in rats, the effects of sampling methods and fixation on brain metabolome under HRMAS NMR acquisitions. In a second step, we studied the lithium-pilocarpine model of TLE. In this model, we could describe the metabolome from HRMAS 1H NMR data of different brain structures involved in epileptogenesis. Multivariate analysis could highlight pathological metabolic profiles in the entorhinal cortex and hippocampus. Using substrates labeled with carbon 13 ( [1 -13C ]-glucose and [1,2-13C ]-acetate) we studied neuronal and glial metabolic pathways. Our results suggest the absence of metabolic abnormalities in astrocytes metabolism as previously reported. Finally, we conducted HRMAS 1H NMR analysis in nearly 200 brain samples from TLEpatients. Multivariate analysis was able to distinguish metabolic profiles between sclerotic and non sclerotic hippocampi. However mutlivariate models based on clinico- metabolic assumptions (disease duration, frequency of seizures, history of febrile seizures ) did not identify specific metabolic profile. All these data suggest the existence of distinct metabolomic profile based on neuropathological features of patients with TLE. Our work confirm the need of an integrated approach such as " systems biology" for the study of TLE in humans as long as in animal models
Alvarez, Sanchez Ruben. « Méthylisothiazolones : Synthèse d'allergènes marqués au carbone 13 et étude de leurs interactions avec des peptides par des techniques de RMN ». Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003STR13009.
Texte intégralThe hapten-protein complex formation is a key step in the allergic contact dermatitis mechanism. In order to expand our knowledge on the molecular basis of this process, we have studied the interaction mechanisms between a known family of sensitizers, the methyisothiazolones, and different peptides. The aim of the project was to suggest reaction pathways leading to the formation of conjugates using carbon 13 and 1H {13C} correlation NMR techniques. The isothiazolones are active ingredients of some biocide preparations used for cosmetic and toiletry purposes. This study is focused on three different compounds: 5-chloro-N-methyl-isothiazolin-3-one (1), 4,5-dichlo-N-methyl-isothiazolin-3-one (2), strong sensitizers, and N-methyl-isothiazolin-3-one (3), a weak sensitizer. As a first stage, we have synthesised these compounds 13C-labelled on their potential reactive sites. Subsequently, we have developed reactivity studies using several model nucleophiles, structural analogues of amino acid side chains. These studies have provided useful information concerning the reactivity, the chemical nature of adducts and mechanisms involved. The third part of the project consisted in the development of peptide coupling studies in more physiological conditions. In this context, the results obtained from the model studies have proven to be very valuable. The results obtained showed that 1 formed stable adducts with histidines and lysines. Under the same conditions, 2 showed a high reactivity as well as no ability to form stable conjugates while 3, showing a very inert behaviour, was able to haptenise cysteines. Additionally, modifications occurred by 1 on lysines were strongly enhanced in the presence of thiols. This activation effect could be responsible of the strong biocide and sensitizing properties of this compound
Blanc, Marie-Cécile. « La RMN du carbone-13, outil d'analyse : différenciation énantiométrique de terpènes, caractérisation des huiles essentielles de dittrichia graveolens et dittrichia viscosa subsp. Viscosa ». Corte, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003CORT3075.
Texte intégralThe purpose of our study is to use 13C-NMR as a tool for analysis of complex mixtures without previous purification of components. In the one hand, we studied the phenomenon of enantiomeric differentiation of oxygenated terpenoids by 13C-NMR and in other hand, we characterised essential oils of two aromatic plants growing wild in Corsica : Dittrichia graveolens and Dittrichia viscosa subsp. Viscosa. In a methodological study, we described the enantiomeric differentiation of oxygenated terpenoids by 13C-NMR. So, we compared the effects induced by a chiral lanthanide shift reagent for mono-, sesqui- and diterpenic compounds found in essential oils. The detailed study of the chemical composition of a commercial sample of Dittrichia graveolens was carried out by a combinaison of chromatographic (CC, TLC, GC/RI) and spectroscopic (GC/MS, 13C-NMR) techniques. So, we identified 82 compounds (79 neutrals and 3 acids). Four constituents has been identified by combination of 13C-NMR and mass spectrometry using literature data and also, one constituent has been identified by recombination of its 13C-NMR spectrum with those of authentic samples. Finally, we carried out a detailed study of the chemical composition of Dittrichia viscosa subsp. Viscosa essential oil using a combination of fractionation by liquid chromatography, GC/RI and 13C-NMR. We identified 71 constituents (67 neutrals and 4 acids) among which a large number are oxygenated sesquiterpenes. We also identified 21 sesquiterpenes taking into account the litterature data. We have shown that 13C-NMR offers great potential in stereoisomer identification which have close retention indices on polar and apolar columns and quite similar mass spectra. We describe a methodology which allows the quantification of eudesman-type acids, using the computer-aided analysis of their 13C-NMR spectra whithout previous separation or derivation. Concerning the antimicrobial activity of Dittrichia viscosa subsp. Viscosa essential oil, the acidic part appeared to be active against several micro-organisms
Tavernier, Patricia. « Etude de la biosynthèse de polymères chez Sinorhizobium Meliloti. Caractérisation par RMN du carbone 13 des voies métaboliques impliquées ». Amiens, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997AMIE0116.
Texte intégralBarbarini, Jose Eduardo. « Sintese e RMN de Carbono-13 de derivados de metilsulfato de neostigmina ». [s.n.], 1993. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/249200.
Texte intégralTese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Quimica
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Doutorado
Nguyen, Ngoc Quynh Giao. « Caractérisation par RMN du carbone-13 de la microstructure des polymères acryliques et relation avec leurs températures de transition vitreuse ». Nancy 1, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998NAN10184.
Texte intégralGonny, Marcelle. « Les huiles essentielles de Daucus carota L. Et Juniperus communis L. SSP alpina de Corse : caractérisation par RMN du carbone-13, CG/Ir et CG/SM ». Corte, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003CORT3073.
Texte intégralThe aim of this work is, on the one hand, to contribute at the development of carbon-13 NMR spectroscopy as an analytical tool for complex mixtures, without separation of constituents, and on the other hand, to characterise the essential oils from aromatic plants growing wils in Corsica : Daucus carota L. And Juniperus communis L. Ssp alpina. To explain our analytical methodology, we have realised a detailed study of the chemical composition of the essential oil of Eucalyptus polybractea by 13C-NMR spectroscopy. In order to integrate in our laboratory-built library spectral data of other terpenic compounds, we analysed different samples of essential oils (cumin, savory, valerian and vetiver). So, with the help of literature data, we integrate in our "Terpènes" library the 13C-NMR data of four monoterpenes and twelve sesquiterpenes. A detailed study of the chemical composition of a commercial esential oil of Daucus carota L. By CG, GC and 13C-NMR spectroscopy led to the identification of 69 constituents, which represented more than 95% of the total amount. The chemical composition of essential oil from different parts (leaves, stems and umbels) varies along the stage of development of the plant and umbels in nest, which contains seeds, produce the most quantity od essential oil. The chemical characterisation of essential oils from needles, berries, wood and roots of Juniperus communis L. Ssp alpina has been realised by combination of chromatographic and spectroscopic (13C-NMR and MS) techniques. The essential oils from needles, berries and wood have a chemical composition very similar, characterised by the predominance of olefinic monoterpenes, while root oil exhibited a quite different composition, characterised by large amount of sesquiterpenic compounds. Finally, using chemometric methods performed on analytical results (13C NMR and GC) of 69 samples of needle essential oils, we conclude that the chemical composition characterised by limonene, beta-phellandrene, alpha-pinene and alpha-terpinyle acetate is homogeneous. Nevertheless, we have noted the presence of 5 samples where sabinene and limonene are the major constituents
Ouattara, Zana Adama. « Contribution de la RMN 13C à la caractérisation des huiles essentielles de cinq Annonacées acclimatées en Côte d'Ivoire ». Corté, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012CORT0029.
Texte intégralThis thesis contributed to the characterization of five Ivoirian Anonnaceae through the chemical composition of their essential oils. For this purpose , various chromatographic and spectroscopic techniques have been used ; particularly 13C NMR , following a computerized method developed by the « Chimie et Biomasse » team, University of Corsica. First, we explicated the analytical method based on 13C NMR analysis through the study of essential oil of leaves, fruit and stem bark of Artabotrys oliganthus. (. . . /. . . )
Faiz, Hassan. « Étude par spectroscopie RMN du carbone 13 de la toxicité métabolique du cadmium dans les tubules rénaux proximaux murins et humains ». Phd thesis, Université Claude Bernard - Lyon I, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00843866.
Texte intégralLefèvre, Claudine. « Rmn du carbone-13 en abondance naturelle : application a l'etude de la dynamique en solution d'une proteine de 10.7 kda, l'aponeocarzinostatine ». Paris 6, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA066396.
Texte intégralRistorcelli, Dominique. « Différenciation énantiomérique de terpènes par RMN du carbone -13 et électrophorèse capillaire : analyse des huiles essentielles de Calamintha Nepeta et Lavandula Stoechas ». Aix-Marseille 3, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996AIX30078.
Texte intégralGreco, Marion. « Synthèse de dérivés de la Névirapine substitués au carbone 13 pour l’étude de l’activation métabolique de cet antirétroviral dans des épidermes humains reconstruits ». Thesis, Strasbourg, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018STRAF009/document.
Texte intégralDrug-induced toxidermia are cutaneous toxicity reactions caused by a drug therapy. In the most serious cases, these side effects of drugs are life-threatening.Most toxidermia are not induced by the parent drug, but by one or several skin metabolite(s) which may become antigenic by binding with epidermal proteins. This drug-protein conjugation step could be the starting point of immune responses leading to skin lesions.The aim of the PhD project was to study the in situ metabolic activation of Nevirapine, an anti-retroviral drug associated with toxidermia with an incidence of 20%. By using a non-invasive analysis technique, HR-MAS NMR spectroscopy on reconstructed human epidermis, it has been possible to follow the possible bioactivation of Nevirapine and its derivatives as well as the binding of one of them with the epidermis
Boti, Jean-Marc. « Contribution à la caractérisation de plantes aromatiques de Côte d'Ivoire et de Corse : Apport de la RMN du carbone-13 à l'analyse d'huiles essentielles et d'un extrait ». Corte, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004CORT3083.
Texte intégralThe aim of this work is a contribution to the valorisation of the aromatic plants which constitute a source of fine chemical strong value-added product (essential oils, extracts, resins). Natural products are complex mixtures whose valorisation goes through the step of analysis. With this objective, different technical analysis, GC-RI, GC/SM and 13C-NMR were used to determine the chemical composition of essential oils of Cymbopogon giganteus, Isolona campanulata, Isolona cooperi from Côte d'Ivoire and Juniperus oxycedrus ssp oxycedrus from Corsica. The use of 13C-NMR according to the methodology developed and computerized by the team "Chimie et Biomasse" of the University of Corsica, associated with GC-RI and/or GC/SM allowed the detailed study of the chemical composition of several essential oils and the study of chemical variability. The essential oils are dominated whether by monoterpenes: (leaf oil from C. Giganteus), (leaf and berry oils from J. Oxycedrus ssp oxycedrus), or by monoterpenes and lactones (leaf and stem bark oils from I. Cooperi), by sesquiterpenes (leaf and stem bark oils from I. Campanulata), by sesquiterpenes and isopentenylindoles (root bark oil from I. Cooperi). A chemical variability has been observed for the leaf oil from I. Campanulata and I. Cooperi and for berry and leaf oils from J. Oxycedrus ssp oxycedrus. The potentialities of 13C-NMR allowed the identification of some components of essential oils, which were not present in our spectral data libraries, by comparison of the signals in the 13C-NMR spectra of the essential oils with those of the literature data: 5-[(Z and E)-hexylidene]-5H-furan-2-ones, 5- and 7-isopentenylindoles in I. Cooperi essential oils, (Z)-6-pentadecen-2-one in J. Oxycedrus leaf oil. A solvent extract of pulverised dried leaves of C. Giganteus has also been investigated and several components belonging to different chemical families have been identified: long chain linear alcohols and ketones, methoxyparkeol, b-sitosterol and stigmasterol and a dipeptide. The results confirmed the good adaptability of the method based on the 13C-NMR spectroscopy to the analysis of complex mixtures
Bensoussan, Didier. « Etude par RMN (carbone 13, phosphore 31 et azote 15) d'additifs (DTPZn et dispersants) entrant dans la composition d'un huile moteur d'automobile ». Aix-Marseille 3, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988AIX30013.
Texte intégralJouvensal, Laurence. « Spectroscopie RMN du lactate dans le muscle squelettique : visibilite, quantification et mesure de l'enrichissement au carbone 13 par édition a double quantum ». Châtenay-Malabry, Ecole centrale de Paris, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997ECAP0551.
Texte intégralClaudel, Emilie. « Allergie de contact aux corticostéroïdes : Synthèse de métabolites marqués au carbone 13 et étude par RMN de leurs interactions avec les protéines ». Strasbourg 1, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008STR13014.
Texte intégralCorticosteroids are used in the treatment of many dermatological diseases due to their antiinflammatory properties. However topical exposure can also cause allergic contact dermatitis. It has been suggested that the formation of alpha-ketoaldehydes on the side chain of corticosteroids could be responsible for the skin sensitization process. Thus oxidated steroids have been tested for their reactivity toward nucleophilic amino acids residues. As reactive sites of our haptens had to be labeled, we have first developped a specific synthesis of steroid models labeled on two positions to be able to follow the reaction between hapten and amino acids or peptides by 13C-NMR techniques. Our experiments, carried out with nucleophilic residues, have shown the formation of a major stable adduct with arginine. The reactivity of corticosteroids have then been found to be selective with arginine to form adducts which are certainly involved in the sensitization to corticosteroids
Rezzi, Serge. « Contribution à la valorisation non énergétique de la biomasse : Apport de la RMN du carbone-13 à l'analyse d'huiles essentielles et d'oléorésines ». Corte, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000CORT3056.
Texte intégralCorticchiato, Marc. « Identification des principaux constituants des huiles essentielles par RMN du carbone-13 : étude de la variabilité chimique de Thymus Herba-Barona Lois ». Corte, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991CORT3003.
Texte intégralBlanc, Jordy. « Modifications métaboliques lors de l'activation cérébrale : suivi par spectroscopie de résonance magnétique nucléaire du proton et du carbone 13 ». Thesis, Bordeaux, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018BORD0336/document.
Texte intégralLactate has been considered as a waste metabolite for many years. However, this vision has been reconsidered recently, with the appearance of the notion of aerobic glycolysis and lactate shuttles in different cell types (muscle, brain, and sperm). Concerning the brain, in vitro, ex vivo and in vivo studies carried out over the last 20 years have shown, on the one hand, that astrocytes produce lactate and, on the other hand, that lactate can be an energetic substrate for the central nervous system (CNS), and more particularly neurons. This lactate shuttle between astrocyte and neuron was first proposed in 1994 by Pellerin and Magistretti (called ANLS, for astrocyte-neuron lactate shuttle). Despite many studies since then, the existence of a net transfer of lactate between astrocytes and neurons has still not been demonstrated in vivo. In this regard, visualization of lactate production in vivo in the activated brain is essential. The role of lactate transporters, MCTs (Monocarboxylate Transporters), in detecting this signal is also a key issue. The objective of this thesis was to develop in vivo NMR spectroscopy located in the somato-sensory cortex of rats under brain activation conditions. First, experiments were carried out to develop the neural stimulation protocol and to obtain a sufficient signal-to-noise ratio to be able to quantify lactate. Once the protocol was established on control rats, the study was performed on genetically modified rats and down-regulated for MCT, either neuronal or astrocytic. The aim was to determine whether this key partner of the ANLS has an influence on lactate fluctuations during brain activation. In addition to in vivo proton spectroscopy and functional MRI, carbon-13 NMR studies were performed ex vivo. The major result of this thesis shows that in the absence of the neuronal lactate transporter, not only is the increase in lactate lost during brain stimulation but the BOLD signal on the fMRI is also lost. This result suggests, for the first time, that neural activity is highly dependent on the lactate transporter
Moreau, Descoings-Dupont Marie-Christine. « Application de la RMN du carbone 13 A l'étude de complexes formés par liaison hydrogène, détermination du site d'association privilégié de molécules polyfonctionnelles ». Grenoble 2 : ANRT, 1986. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37599873n.
Texte intégralZénone, François. « Synthèse et étude conformationnelle par RMN du carbone 13 d'arylcyclohexylamines douées de sélectivité pour le récepteur PCP/NMDA ou pour le système dopaminergique ». Montpellier 2, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990MON20235.
Texte intégralBRADESI, PASCALE. « Apport de la rmn du carbone-13 a l'analyse des melanges naturels dans le domaine de l'agroalimentaire : huiles essentielles et autres productions vegetales ». Corte, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995CORT3012.
Texte intégralCarneiro, Paulo Irajara Borba. « Efeitos empiricos dos substituintes em RMN de carbono-13. correlações com parametros eletronicos e estericos de substituintes ». [s.n.], 1991. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/249197.
Texte intégralTese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Quimica
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Doutorado
Yapi, Acafou Thierry. « Contribution de la RMN 13C à l'analyse d'huiles essentielles de cinq espèces du genre Xylopia de Côte d'Ivoire : caractérisation de nouvelles molécules ». Corté, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012CORT0028.
Texte intégralThis thesis concerned the characterization of five species of the genus Xylopia from Côte d’Ivoire through the chemical composition of the leaf , stem bark and root bark oils :X. Villosa, X. Quintasii, X. Aethiopica, X. Rubescens and X. Staudtii. There are two main objectives. Develop our knowledge on the chemical composition of the essential oils of the five investigated species, using analytical strategy based on the use of complementary techniques and adapted to the examination of a large number of samples. (. . . /. . . )
Diomande, Gbe Gondo Didier. « Contribution des méthodes spectroscopiques et isotopiques à la caractérisation géographique et phénotypique du cacao ». Nantes, 2014. https://archive.bu.univ-nantes.fr/pollux/show/show?id=fd4e7f5d-6094-444e-b12a-043f6c632eb5.
Texte intégralThe cocoa tree (Theobroma cacao L. ) is a plant of the family Sterculiaceae. The fruit, called the pod, contains beans that are used in the manufacture of chocolate. Fraudulent production practices are making consumers increasingly suspicious both of the sanitary quality of foodstuffs and of the origin of production (organic, GM, etc. ). Faced with this problem, the new European legal ruling 178/2002, effective since 1 January 2005, imposes traceability for foodstuffs. This thesis is positioned within this context. The analysis of the multi-isotope content (15N, 13C) of 61 samples of cocoa obtained from 22 countries, of which 37 samples are from the Ivory Coast, has been carried out. By statistical analysis of the data, it is shown that the isotopic parameters δ15N and δ13C for the whole cocoa beans, and those from different parts of the bean, are responsible for the discrimination found between samples from different continents, from three villages in the Ivory Coast, and between the varieties Forastero and Trinitario. Fermentation of cocoa is the process that most influences the quality of the beans. A study of the influence of fermentation on the isotopic composition in δ15N and δ13C showed either enrichment or impoverishment for the bean and for different parts of the bean, with the exception of theobromine, for which no isotopic fractionation was found. As a result, theobromine was used in isotopic quantitative 13C NMR as molecular probe for the characterization of the geographical origin of cocoa. A methodology has been developed which allows the measurement of the intramolecular 13C distribution in theobromine with sufficient accuracy, subsequent to its transformation into caffeine. New parameters were obtained which not only allowed confirmation of the distinct geographical origins of different cocoa samples, but also to differentiate cocoa from products containing caffeine (tea and coffee). An exploratory study was also carried out measuring the 18O content of theobromine by irm-MS, with the same objective in mind. Finally, cocoa butter, which is one of the most important matrices in the beans, was analyzed by 13C NMR in the framework of the methodology “metabolomics”, notably targeting the glycerol
Laurens, Thierry. « Analyse par RMN haute résolution du carbone-13 assistée par ordinateur de mélanges complexes : application aux essences issues du procédé de vapocraquage du naphta ». Nancy 1, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991NAN10289.
Texte intégralCastola, Vincent. « Contribution a la valorisation de la biomasse : analyse par rmn du carbone-13 de liquides de pyrolyse, d'huiles essentielles de lentisque et d'extraits du liege ». Corte, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998CORT3046.
Texte intégralJulien, Maxime. « Détermination des effets isotopiques position-spécifiques (PSIA) par RMN quantitative isotopique du carbone-13 et modélisation de la remédiation du méthyl tert-butyl éther (MTBE) ». Nantes, 2015. https://archive.bu.univ-nantes.fr/pollux/show/show?id=6e36186b-c859-42f3-87dc-30b7bfcff8b7.
Texte intégralBetter methodologies appear to be necessary for detecting the origins of given pollutants, and for understanding the natural processes involved in their migration routes, biodegradation and eventual disappearance. In addition, it is essential to check whether treatment leads to complete mineralization or if cleaning of the polluted area is effective. Isotopic measurement is a fundamental tool that can be used in the management of a pollution to provide indicators as to containment, spread and bioremediation possibilities is proposed in the ISOTO-POL project. As a complete illustration of this principle, MTBE, which is frequently detected in surface and ground water, is given as an example. Stable isotopes have been used successfully to demonstrate the natural or enhanced biodegradation of petroleum hydrocarbons, solvents, and gasoline additives in soil and groundwater. So far, overall isotopic fractionation in 13C has been exploited, the isotope content being measured by isotope ratio mass spectrometry (irm-MS), but this leads to the loss of valuable position-related information. In contrast, NMR spectrometry offers the capability to measure position-specific 13C/12C ratios, giving new information. Isotopic NMR methodology will allow to determine position-specific isotope effects involved in physical transformations (volatilization and migration), chemical (hydrolysis and oxidation) as well as degradation by microorganisms. The construction of a model will provide a unique means to allow detailed detection and tracing of a given pollutant and the determination of its origin as well