Thèses : « Role-based performance »

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Sprague, Samantha A. « Improving the P300-Based Brain-Computer Interface by Examining the Role of Psychological Factors on Performance ». Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2016. https://dc.etsu.edu/etd/3097.

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The effects of neurodegenerative diseases such as amyotrophic-lateral sclerosis (ALS) eventually render those suffering from the illness unable to communicate, leaving their cognitive function relatively unharmed and causing them to be “locked-in” to their own body. With this primary function compromised there has been an increased need for assistive communication methods such as brain-computer interfaces (BCIs). Unlike several augmentative or alternative communication methods (AACs), BCIs do not require any muscular control, which makes this method ideal for people with ALS. The wealth of BCI research focuses mainly on increasing BCI performance through improving stimulus processing and manipulating paradigms. Recent research has suggested a need for studies focused on harnessing psychological qualities of BCI users, such as motivation, mood, emotion, and depression, in order to increase BCI performance through working with the user. The present studies address important issues related to P300-BCI performance: 1) the impact of mood, emotion, motivation, and depression on BCI performance were examined independently; and 2) pleasant, unpleasant, and neutral emotions were induced in order to determine the influence of emotion on BCI performance. By exploring psychological mechanisms that influence BCI performance, further insight can be gained on the best methods for improving BCI performance and increasing the number of potential BCI users. The results from Study 1 did not reveal a significant relationship between any of the four psychological factors and BCI performance. Since previous research has found a significant impact of motivation and mood on BCI performance, it may be the case that these factors only impact performance for some individuals. As this is the first study to directly investigate the impact of emotion and depression on BCI performance, future research should continue to explore these relationships. The results from Study 2 were inconclusive for the pleasant condition, since it appears the pleasant emotion manipulation was unsuccessful. The findings indicate that unpleasant emotions do not have a significant impact on BCI performance. This result is promising since it indicates that individuals should still be able to use the BCI system to communicate, even when they are experiencing unpleasant emotions. Future research should further explore the impact of pleasant emotions on BCI performance.

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Kroger, Hanne. « The role of sustainability in enhancing place performance through an identity-based approach to place branding ». Thesis, University of Plymouth, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10026.1/5223.

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Preventing the environmental impacts of economic growth is an important goal in today’s marketplace. This concern for a sustainable future incentivises marketing based around sustainability. The food and beverage industry had its fair share of criticism as its production uses more natural resources than most industries. One industry that has been ahead of other food processors in adopting environmental practices is the wine industry. The close relationship between wine and places is undisputable and so strong that people frequently visit places of wine production in the form of wine tourism contributing significantly to regional economies. For wine to be associated with sustainability, regional stakeholders would be required to represent similar values. The branding of places is far more intricate than branding of products and needs the support of those stakeholders involved. Such support is often discussed as a shared place identity. Only limited previous research has addressed whether the communication of sustainability enhances business performance. No research to date has empirically tested whether a shared stakeholder identity influences the relationship between sustainability branding and business success. To close this gap, a sequential mixed methods procedure was specified using quantitative questionnaires with 420 subjects and 20 qualitative interviews. A model with consequences of sustainability branding and a shared place identity was established using extant research. Mostly existing scales were adapted to fit this research context and tested with a structural modelling approach among Australian and German wineries. It was found that practicing and communicating sustainability significantly influences performance on an individual winery and regional destination level. Furthermore, a shared place identity has been established as a critical success factor in the relationship between sustainability branding and place performance. Both theoretical and practical implications can be drawn from this research. The results have provided empirical evidence on the direct relationship between sustainability and performance, in addition to the moderating role of a shared place identity. These findings extend the tourism literature which states that businesses practicing sustainably, enhance their own performance as well as the overall regional performance. It also extends stakeholder theory by establishing that a shared place identity strengthens this relationship even further, highlighting the need for regional management to initiate a shared sense of identification. Practically, regional managers who are eager to enhance economic performance should be actively involved in developing relationships between the individual wineries and the regional management in order to foster a shared place identity. Furthermore, it is of major importance to establish positive attitudes toward sustainability among winery owners. This can be done by building the confidence of winery owners by offering infrastructures for learning and support about sustainability.

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Brown, Denice P. « The role of high performance computing in simulation based acquisition : a case study based on experiences in the RAH-66 Comanche program ». Thesis, Monterey, Calif. : Springfield, Va. : Naval Postgraduate School ; Available from National Technical Information Service, 2001. http://handle.dtic.mil/100.2/ADA395875.

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Dickinson, J. Barry Anderson Rolph E. « The role of business process capabilities and market-based assets in creating customer value and superior performance / ». Philadelphia, Pa. : Drexel University, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1860/2995.

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Chen, Yan. « Intelligent computing applications based on eye gaze : their role in mammographic interpretation training ». Thesis, Loughborough University, 2011. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/8492.

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Early breast cancer in women is best identified through high quality mammographic screening. This is achieved by well trained health professionals and appropriate imaging. Traditionally this has used X-ray film but is rapidly changing to utilise digital imaging with the resultant mammograms visually examined on high resolution clinical workstations. These digital images can also be viewed on a range of display devices, such as standard computer monitors or PDAs. In this thesis the potential of using such non-clinical workstation display devices for training purposes in breast screening has been investigated. The research introduces and reviews breast screening both in the UK and internationally where it concentrates upon China which is beginning screening. Various imaging technologies used to examine the breast are described, concentrating upon the move from using X-ray film to digital mammograms. Training in screening in the UK is detailed and it is argued that there is a need to extend this. Initially, a national survey of all UK mammography screeners within the National Health Breast Screening Programme (NHSBSP) was undertaken. This highlighted the current main difficulties of mammographic (film) interpretation training being tied to the device for inspecting these images. The screeners perceived the need for future digital imaging training that could be outside the breast screening centre; namely 3W training (Whatever training required, Whenever and Wherever). This is largely because the clinical workstations would logistically not be available for training purposes due to the daily screening demand. Whilst these workstations must be used for screening and diagnostic purposes to allow visualisation of very small detail in the images, it is argued here that training to identify such features can be undertaken on other devices where there is not the time constraints that exist during breast screening. A series of small pilot studies were then undertaken, trialling experienced radiologists with potential displays (PDAs and laptops) for mammographic image examination. These studies demonstrated that even on a PDA small mammographic features could be identified, albeit with difficulty, even with a very limited HCI manipulation tool. For training purposes the laptop, studied here with no HCI tool, was supported. Such promising results of display acceptability led to an investigation of mammographic inspection on displays of various sizes and resolutions. This study employed radiography students, potentially eventual screeners, who were eye tracked as they examined images on various sized displays. This showed that it could be possible to use a small PDA to deliver training. A detailed study then investigated whether aspects of an expert radiologist s visual inspection behaviour could be used to develop various training approaches. Four approaches were developed and examined using naïve observers who were eye tracked as they were trained and tested. The approaches were found to be all feasible to implement but of variable usefulness for delivering mammographic interpretation training; this was confirmed by opinions from a focus group of screeners. On the basis of the previous studies, over a period of eight months, a large scale study involving 15 film readers from major breast screening centres was conducted where they examined series of digital mammograms on a clinical workstation, monitor and an iPhone. Overall results on individuals performance, image manipulation behaviour and visual search data indicated that a standard monitor could be employed successfully as an alternative for the digital workstation to deliver on-demand mammographic interpretation training using the full mammographic case images. The small iPhone, elicited poor performance, and was therefore judged not suitable for delivering training with the software employed here. However, future software developments may well overcome its shortcomings. The potential to implement training in China was examined by studying the current skill level of some practicing radiologists and an examination of how they responded to the developed training approaches. Results suggest that such an approach would be also applicable in other countries with different levels of screening skills. On-going further work is also discussed: the improvement of performance evaluation in mammography; new visual research on other breast imaging modalities and using visual search with computer aided detection to assist mammographic interpretation training.

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Ko, Caroline Hee-Jeung. « The role of the suprachiasmatic nucleus in temporal gating of performance on a reward-based learning and memory task ». Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2001. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp04/MQ58875.pdf.

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Megchun, Beatriz Itzel Cruz. « The strategic role of design management to enhance performance within small Mexican technology-based enterprises in new technological industries ». Thesis, Staffordshire University, 2010. http://eprints.staffs.ac.uk/2035/.

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This thesis discusses how design management can play a relevant role to improve the performance of small Mexican technology-based enterprises (TBEs) in new technological industries. The research began exploring the general role of design in Mexican business context and a gap in the literature was revealed about the role of design management and its relevance on the development of technological innovations in Mexican TBEs. A multi-method design research was adopted to identify and further detail data about the benefits and effects of design management in small Mexican TBEs. Therefore, a QUALquan design approach was utilised to apply sequentially qualitative and quantitative methods to develop a model (theory) that later was subjected to testing. The first action was to explore the context of the study through qualitative methods in order to develop an instrument (diagnostic toolkit) that enabled the researcher to evaluate the condition of the case studies within their current business practices. Then, the researcher implemented the second strategy to know the condition of the principal case studies to provide an intervention treatment. This allowed the researcher to introduce and implement design management practices within the case studies for a period of seven months to later assess once again the case studies to prove whether the intervention had provoked a change. Findings suggested that the implementation of design management can help small Mexican TBEs in new technological industries to improve their performance. The primary contribution of this research was to produce a detailed account of the conditions in which small Mexican TBEs in new technological industries operate and how they were affected by the implementation of design management. This helped to provide a holistic perspective on the use of design management, design thinking and design leadership. Similarly, it assisted in the development of an empirically confirmed design toolkit to assess the condition and design abilities and capabilities of small Mexican TBEs. The design toolkit offered users the opportunity to obtain results and suggestions about their condition and to identify and apply a series of methods, tools and techniques that can be implemented in their three levels of business activities: strategic, tactical and operational engagement.

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Correa, Veronica M. « The impact of role stress, self-efficacy, organizational support, and supervisory support on performance in school-based mental health trainees ». Thesis, Alliant International University, 2015. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3681796.

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There is limited understanding of the variables that impact trainee performance in clinical settings. As such, investigating the tools used to assess performance was warranted. In the first part of the present research study, I investigated the independent factors that comprised the FPEF using 294 archival forms completed by clinical supervisors at the California School of Professional Psychology, Alliant International University, San Francisco. The five conceptually derived domains of clinical competency of the FPEF included: psychological intake, evaluation and assessment; clinical interventions; professional roles and behaviors; self-examination and development; and supervision. A principal factor analysis was conducted to determine whether the items of the FPEF comprised performance factors that were based on these FPEF domains. Results yielded a four-factor solution based on how the items clustered together. Thus, subscales were retitled as follows: Clinical Development, Professional Roles and Behaviors, Psychological Conceptualization and Intervention, and Psychological Assessment Skills. The second part of the present study included trainee self-ratings and supervisor ratings on the FPEFs for 47 school-based mental health trainees. This part of the study focused on whether the internal psychological variables of role conflict, role ambiguity, and self-efficacy (domain specific), and the external variables of both organizational support and supervisory support were associated with performance ratings on the FPEF. Findings indicated that the internal and external variables were both associated with trainees' performances across various domains. However, some of these relationships were contrary to what was expected. Organizational support and supervisory support were found to have negative associations with specific performance domains, which may have been due to limitations of the instruments or moderating variables that were not measured in this study.

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Mak, Wing-shan. « The role of feedback from teachers and peers following school based assessment (SBA) tasks in improving students' presentation performance a case study / ». Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2008. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B41263054.

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Kitchlew, Naveda. « A study of the Executive MBA (EMBA) degree's impact on mid-career managers' post-degree role-based performance in Pakistan : organizational perspectives ». Thesis, University of Bath, 2016. https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.723305.

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The main purpose of this study was to investigate the organizational perspective on improvement in performance of its mid-career professionals, as a result of their Executive MBA education in Pakistan. More specifically the study includes the identification of critical roles, which organizations consider important for the performance evaluation of mid-career professionals, and organizations’ perception of how effectively EMBA graduates perform those roles at workplace. The study mainly used a quantitative research strategy and cross sectional survey method to collect data through a structured self-administered questionnaire. Ninety three organizations responded to this survey and provided data about 140 EMBA professionals. The feedback from organisations about important role-based performance indicators and EMBA graduate managers’ performance against those indicators were obtained. Results revealed that organizations consider the work related role as the most important aspect of evaluation, followed by team related, career related, innovation related and organization citizenship related roles. Results on the efficacy of EMBA programs against these role indicators showed that though by and large organizations were satisfied there existed a gap between each of the required roles.

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Howard, Jennifer Sebert. « CLINICAL AND FUNCTIONAL ASSESSMENT FOLLOWING AUTOLOGOUS CHONDROCYTE IMPLANTATION TO THE KNEE : THE ROLE OF PATIENT REPORTED OUTCOMES, PERFORMANCE BASED ASSESSMENT, AND RESPONSE SHIFT ». UKnowledge, 2011. http://uknowledge.uky.edu/rehabsci_etds/1.

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Autologous chondrocyte implantation (ACI) is a cell based therapy for the treatment of articular cartilage defects. Numerous studies have reported outcomes following ACI using a variety of patient reported outcomes (PROs), but no clear recommendations exist regarding which PRO is the most responsive to changes following ACI. Few studies have documented changes in performance based assessments (PBAs) following ACI. Response shift theory proposes that residual changes in self-report measures occur over time. Failing to account for response shift may result in over or under reporting of outcomes from which clinical decisions are made. The purposes of this dissertation were 1) review the literature concerning ACI outcomes to determine the responsiveness of PROs to changes in self-reported function following ACI, 2) evaluate the reliability of PBAs among ACI patients, 3) develop a descriptive timeline for the return of function 1 year following ACI using both PROs and PBAs, and 4) utilize PROs and PBAs to evaluate patients undergoing ACI for evidence of response shift. All PRO and PBA measures were collected preoperatively and 3, 6, and 12 months postoperatively. A retrospective then-test PRO evaluation of function prior to surgery was completed at 6 and 12 months. Response shift was calculated by subtracting the original pre-test score from the then-test score. A systematic review and meta-analyses of existing ACI outcome studies resulted in the recommendation of the International Knee Documentation Committee Subjective Knee Form (IKDC) and Lysholm Knee Scale as highly responsive PROs among ACI patients of varying activity levels. Despite significant increases in PRO scores as early as 6 months following ACI, improvement in PBAs at 12 months following ACI were limited to stride length, walking speed, and step-up force. Finally, no evidence of a group level effect for response shift was observed. These results support the validity of traditional pre-test/post-test research designs with no need to account for response shift when evaluating treatment effects of ACI on the group level. However, the Western Ontario and McMasters University Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC) did show evidence of a measurable response shift on a patient by patient basis.

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Kim, Jeong Ah. « The role of legislation in driving good occupational health and safety management systems : A comparison of prescriptive based legislation ». Queensland University of Technology, 2004. http://eprints.qut.edu.au/15966/.

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Countries seek to control exposure to hazardous substances and environments by the enactment of legislation. In the past thirty years, two major different approaches to occupational health and safety legislation have been devleoped by countries around the world. The performance-based legislative approach has been linked with the emergence of occupational health and safety management systems but no research has previously been done to determine whether or not the legislative approach taken by government influences the introduction or form of occupational health and safety management systems used by organisations. Similarly, although the reasons why Australia and other countries have moved to performance-based legislation have been explained in terms of social, political and economic factors that influenced the change, little research has been done on the effectiveness of this approach compared with the prescriptive approach of countries such as Korea. -I- The overall aim of this research is to develop a conprehensive understanding of the management of expusre to heavy metals in selected industries in Korea and Australia. The specific objectives of the study are to determine: The effectiveness of heavy metal exposure management in the fluorescent lamp manufacturing industry in Korea, and an Oral Health Service, and lead-risk workplaces in Queensland, Australia; The management of the legislative arrangements for health surveillance in Korea and Queensland, Australia; The characteristics of the occupational health and safety management systems that are in use in the heavy metal industries in Korea in Australia; and The effectiveness of prescriptive and performance based legislative systems in protecting the health and safety of workers in heavy metal based industries. Secondary analysis of biological monitoring data from 6 fluorescent lamp manufacturing companies (8 workplaces) in Korea was used to examine the extent of mercury exposure and the effectiveness of the health surveillance system in that country. A survey of dental workers in an oral health service in Queensland provided data on the extent of mercury exposure to the workforce and workers' attitudes to the management of occupational risks. The efficiency of the lead health surveillance in Queensland was examined by way of a questionnaire survey of lead designated doctors in the state. A survey of registered lead-risk companies and the oral health servies in Queensland, and 5 of the fluorescent lamp manufacturing companies in Korea provided data on the occupational health and safety management systems in place in these organisations. The health surveillance system for mercury exposed workers in Korea was found to have reduced the incidence of workers with biological levels of mercury above the Baseline Level from 14% in 1994 to 7% in 1999. Bilogical testing of dental workers in Queensland discovered no workers with biological levels of mercury approaching the Baseline Level and air monitoring failed to locate any areas where workers were likely to be exposed to levels approaching the Workplace Exposure Standard. The staff of the Oral Health Service were generally aware of the occupational health and safety management systems in place but only 43% felt that mercury management in the workplace effectively prevented exposure. The lead surveillance system in Queensland was found to be inadequately managed with approximately 37% of registered doctors no longer practicing in the field and their being no way for the government to collect reliable data on the extent of lead exposure in workplaces. The occupational health and safety management systems in the companies surveyed in Queensland and Korea were found to be influenced by the legislative arrangements in place in each of the locations. The Korean systems were more geared to meeting the regulatory requirements whereas the Queensland systems were geared more towards a risk management approach. However substantial differences were also noted depending on the size of the organisation in each case. Legislative arrangements in Korea and Queensland were found to provide reasonable protection from heavy metal exposure to workers however improvements in both systems are needed. The legislation was also found to influence the occupational health and safety management systems in place with performance-based legislation producing systems having a wide risk management focus while a narrower regulatory based focus was noted in Korea where more prescriptive legislation is in force. A confounding factor in the nature of the occupational health and safety management system in place is the size of the organisation and particular attention needs to be paid to this when legislative approaches are considered.

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Abdel-Aziz, Mostafa Rasha Hussein. « Competition strategies in international markets : the role of entrepreneurial orientation and the Internet on the export performance of UK based small and medium sized enterprises ». Thesis, University of Strathclyde, 2003. http://oleg.lib.strath.ac.uk:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=21209.

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This thesis explores the potential impact of the Internet and international entrepreneurship on the export performance of UK based Small and Medium Sized Enterprises (SMEs) operating in the following sectors: food and beverages, textiles, clothing and fur, biotechnology and instrumentation, and computers and office machinery. The findings reveal that, in general, UK based SMEs are moderately committed to Internet technologies and that their owner/managers are innovative, moderately proactive and risk takers. The findings also show that the export performance of SMEs is influenced by a mix of entrepreneurs characteristics (i.e. perceptions of growth, profits and costs of exporting, level of education, work responsibility, work experience and proactivity) and the level of Internet commitment of the firm (i.e. email and Intranet, interconnectivity, Internet information, perceived external Internet benefits and promotion on the Web). These antecedents reflect the current environment w here globalisation and advances in information and communication technology (ICT) put pressure on SMEs and give them hope to participate more effectively in international markets. Also, this result gives support to the Resource Based View (RBV) and indicates that UK based SMEs export performance is highly attributed to the resources and competencies at the owner/managers level (i.e. owner/managers social psychological characteristics and entrepreneurial orientation behaviour) and at the level of the firm (i.e. level of Internet commitment). Moreover, the results give some support to the incremental internationalisation process, where almost half of the firms are following the conventional models of internationalisation and export to the psychically close country, namely the USA. Also, the findings support the 'born global' phenomenon where half the firms investigated have started internationalising either from, or shortly after, inception. Four categories of UK based SMEs were identified and recommendations made according to the firm level of Internet use (high versus low) and owner/managers entrepreneurial orientation behaviour (high versus low). Implications for policy makers evolved around targeting different SMEs with different export promotion assistance schemes and international business education programmes, raising awareness about the global scope of Internet e-commerce in helping SMEs enter and succeed in export markets, and fostering networking among firms interested in international markets.

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Rajamanoharan, Indra Devi. « The impact of the implementation of Six Sigma on performance measurement systems and the role of the accountant : case study evidence from firms based in Malaysia ». Thesis, University of Exeter, 2007. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.438747.

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Heukamp, Franz H. (Franz Hoyte) 1973. « Chemomechanics of calcium leaching of cement-based materials at different scales : the role of CH-dissolution and C-S-H degradation on strength and durability performance of materials and structures ». Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/29282.

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Thesis (Ph. D .)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Civil and Environmental Engineering, 2003.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 327-341).
Calcium leaching is a durability threat for cement-based materials employed in critical infrastructures, such as Nuclear Waste Storage Systems. This thesis presents a comprehensive study of the material and structural consequences of calcium leaching on the strength and deformation behavior of cementitious materials. Starting from a three-level microstructural division of the heterogeneous microstructure of cement-based materials, a series of experimental and theoretical investigations is conducted leading to the development of a novel constitutive model and model-based simulations of the long-term mechanical performance of concrete structures subjected to calcium leaching. A chemically accelerated leaching device is developed using an ammonium nitrate solution to obtain asymptotically leached specimens in short times. An acceleration rate of 300 compared to natural leaching is obtained. The strength domain of leached cement pastes and mortars is evaluated through triaxial compression tests and uniaxial tension tests, revealing an important strength loss and an increased pressure sensitivity of the materials at failure, associated with leaching. A micromechanical approach for the homogenization of the elastic properties and the strength properties based on the three microstructural levels is developed. These developments allow estimating the relations between the microstructural changes and poroelastic properties including Biot-coefficient and Biot-modulus. In addition, upscaling schemes for the cohesion and friction properties on different levels of cement-based materials are developed.
(cont.) Through this the influence of the Interfacial Transition Zone on the strength of intact and leached materials is evaluated. The micromechanical elements of the analysis are combined in a chemoporoplastic constitutive model. The porosity created by calcium dissolution (chemical porosity) is identified as a state variable, relating dissolution process and mechanical properties. The model is implemented in a commercial finite-element program, and model-based simulations show the predictive capability of the developed approach to improve the durability design of concrete structures subjected to calcium leaching.
by Franz H. Heukamp.
Ph.D .

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Noorthoorn, van der Kruijff Eric Onno. « Social roles and lifetime development in the chronic mentally ill a study into the reliability and validity of the social role performance and development inventory : an open interview-based lifetime assessment of the social integration of chronic mentally ill / ». Maastricht : Maastricht : Universitaire Pers Maastricht ; University Library, Maastricht University [Host], 1994. http://arno.unimaas.nl/show.cgi?fid=6587.

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Nkuna, Victor Rhulani. « The role of classroom formative assessment practice in Geography ». Diss., University of Pretoria, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/80496.

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This study aimed to investigate the role of classroom formative assessment practice in geography. Although geography enjoys a good pass rate percentage in the Grade 12 National Senior Certificate (NSC) examinations, the concern remains about the average and the number of distinctions produced annually. A Framework for Learning-Oriented Assessment was used as a conceptual framework which guided this study. Research questions that guided this study aimed at investigating the possible role of classroom formative strategies or techniques on learner performance in geography, the extent to which School-Based Assessment (SBA) is used as a formative tool, the provision of feedback and the learners’ role in geography assessment. The qualitative data was collected through structured interviews, document analysis and observation involving six FET phase geography teachers from three different schools in Tshwane West District (D15). The findings of this study indicated that the participating Geography teachers in the FET phase were committed to using differential assessment practices in their classroom to improve their learners’ results. Though, their main focus was on summative assessment, and little attention was given to the formative assessment practice. It was against this background that this study recommended that Geography teachers should be formally trained/workshopped on assessment strategies. Secondly, there is a need to infuse SBA effectively as a formative assessment aspect of the curriculum in order to improve learner performance. Lastly, to further research the significance of assessment for learning in the South African context to strengthen the education system.
Dissertation (MEd)--University of Pretoria 2020.
Science, Mathematics and Technology Education
MEd
Unrestricted

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Quaglia, João Luís Corradini. « Práticas operacionais e objetivo de desempenho como influenciadores do comportamento da equipe de projetos ». reponame:Repositório Institucional do FGV, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10438/11941.

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Práticas em gestão de projetos (GP), apesar de amplamente difundidas, utilizadas e pesquisadas, não garantem o desempenho (sucesso) do projeto em suas entregas em tempo e custos conforme planejamento. Observa-se que, apesar do uso extensivo de práticas de GP, falhas em relação ao atendimento do cronograma e orçamento são amplamente relatadas. Portanto, este trabalho tem como objetivo principal analisar a influência das práticas de gestão de projetos e do objetivo de desempenho no Comportamento de Cidadania Organizacional (OCB) da equipe de projetos. As dimensões que compuseram o OCB foram: Ajuda, Iniciativa e Compliance. Para testar a relação entre os fatores de práticas de GP (incipientes ou avançados) e objetivo de desempenho (normal ou desafiador) no comportamento da equipe foi utilizada a metodologia do experimento baseado em cenários (SBRP experiment). A amostra contou com 216 alunos de graduação e pós-graduação em administração. O estudo mostrou que a utilização de práticas em gestão de projetos não influenciou o Comportamento de Cidadania Organizacional da equipe de projetos. Entretanto, o objetivo de desempenho nas dimensões de tempo e custos influenciou o Comportamento Cidadão da equipe de projetos. Além desses resultados, a pesquisa mostrou que características pessoais, como experiência em liderar projetos, influenciou a propensão em aumento do comportamento cidadão mediante uma remuneração adicional. Como contribuição adicional este estudo mostra que existem diferenças de resultados nos diferentes grupos de respondentes (alunos de graduação e pós-graduação em administração), conforme encontrado em outros estudos. A utilização do experimento também foi um diferencial metodológico, em virtude de sua ainda baixa utilização em gestão de operações. Finalmente, este estudo também identificou as principais práticas utilizadas na gestão de projetos.
Practices in project management (PM), although widely disseminated, utilized and researched, do not guaranteee the project performance (success) in their deliveries on time and costs as planned. It is observed that, despite the extensive use of PM practices, failures to meet the schedule and budget are widely reported. Thus, this thesis aims to analyze the influence of PM practices and performance targets on the project team's Organizational Citizenship Behavior (OCB). The dimensions that composed OCB were: Help, Initiative and Compliance. To test the relationship between the factors of PM practices (incipient or advanced) and performance targets (ordinary or challenging) in team behavior, the scenario-based role-playing experiment (SBRP experiment) was used, as research methodology. The sample consisted of 216 undergraduate and post graduate students in business administration. The research showed that the use of practices in project management did not influence the project team’s Organizational Citizenship Behavior (OCB). However, performance targets in time and costs influenced the project team’s OCB. In addition to these results, the research showed that personal characteristics, such as experience as project manager, influenced the propensity for increasing OCB based on additional payment. As an additional contribution this study shows that there are differences in the results for different groups of respondents (undergraduate and post graduate students in business administration), as found in other studies. The use of the SBRP experiment was also a methodological advantage, seeing that is has not been widely used in operations management. Finally, this study also identified key practices in project management.

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Gaqa, Nandipa. « The Development Role Played by Targeted Development Investments in South Africa and Their Risk-Adjusted Performance Over a 10-Year Period ». Master's thesis, Faculty of Commerce, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/32687.

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The study evaluated the development role of targeted development investments in South Africa and their risk adjusted performance over a 10-Year period, that is from 2008 to 2017. Targeted development investments as a subset of socially responsible investments have transformed the way capital is allocated towards development funding needs. In the South African context this study is relevant given it offers a contrast between investments made in the public sector where development impact is a key objective, versus private sector targeted investments that aim to achieve financial returns whilst also driving development impact objectives aligned to sustainable development goals. The role and impact of these investments in the post democratic era is put in the spotlight given the country is dealing with economic, social, and environmental challenges that have necessitated the need to assess the nature and role of the investment industry in solving these complex development challenges (Giampocaro & Pretorius, 2012). The study on the role of the public sector focused on the investments and development impact indicators tracked by the Top 3 public sector investment institutions or corporations. The analysis on the performance of the private sector TDI funds examined their risk adjusted performance using Treynor, Sharpe, Sortino, and Information ratios. The risk adjusted performance was used to test whether the TDI fund returns under or outperformed against five benchmark categories. The research findings showed mixed results where TDI funds either underperformed or outperformed against the benchmark categories. The findings highlighted the need for a hybrid development model where both the public and private sector actively play a role in the development landscape as guided by their respective investment mandates. The findings advocate for corporate and institutional investors to increase capital allocations and investments towards financing development needs given the scope to maximise investor returns, whilst considering socially responsible investing and issues relating to the development and empowerment of previously disadvantaged communities.

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Hemmatdar, Hamed, et Alwan Said. « Exploring the Role of IS Strategy in the Development of IT Capabilities : An Investigation of an Oil and Gas Construction Company in Iran ». Thesis, Umeå universitet, Institutionen för informatik, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-90250.

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Organizations are becoming increasingly dependent on information technology for different purposes, such as project and resource-management systems, cooperative work systems and organizational memory systems. There is a need to make a dynamic roadmap for IT capability usage to facilitate organizational performance. The aim of this research is to gain a deeper understanding of the role of IS Strategy in utilizing IT capabilities for operationalizing and integrating business process information for the purpose of organizational performance from the lens of the resource-based view (RBV). This research makes use of single case study analysis of a construction organization in the oil and gas industry in Iran. This case study is expected to fill a gap in the literature in the specific context of a strategic situation and the critical environment in Iran.

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Ananga, Erick Oniango. « The Role of Community Participation in Water Production and Management : Lessons From Sustainable Aid in Africa International Sponsored Water Schemes in Kisumu, Kenya ». Scholar Commons, 2015. http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/5900.

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Few studies have attempted to determine the tenability of Community Participation (CP) theory is explicating Water Production and Management dynamics in Urban Informal Settlements. Consequently, several gaps exist in knowledge of the value of this important theory for efforts to improve water service delivery in such settlements. The main purpose of this study is to contribute to efforts addressed to filling these gaps. Four water schemes established by Sustainable Aid in Africa International in partnership with different communities in the informal neighborhoods of Kisumu Kenya are used as empirical referent. The study is guided by the following three Research Questions; 1) what is the relationship between community participation and beneficiary satisfaction with the work of the water management committees in the four schemes? 2) what are the contributions (positive or negative) of community participation on the production of clean potable water supply in the informal settlements? 3) what are the participation-related factors affecting the performance of the schemes? Uncovering answers to these questions entailed the use of a mixed methods approach. The approach involved the application of both quantitative and qualitative techniques. The former was employed mainly to answer the first two Research Questions and latter to deal with Research Question Three. The quantitative component of data collection involved administering a survey questionnaire through a simple random sampling technique. Logistic Regression and Chi-square Tests were employed to analyze the quantitative data. In the qualitative phase, Focus Group Discussions, Observation, Transect Walks and Photographic evidence was used to collect data analyzed through Constant Comparison Analytic technique. For Research Question One, the logistic regression results indicate that five participatory variables are significantly associated with beneficiary satisfaction with the work of the water management committees. These are provision of paid or unpaid labor to the water schemes, household willingness to intervene against pipe vandalism, meeting attendance, willingness to contribute money or time to the community water scheme and whether a household has ever made a complaint about water supply/quality issues. For Research Question Two, the chi-square test shows that households who use community managed water schemes and attend water and sanitation meetings tend to practice better water handing hygiene in the settlements. For Research Question Three, the following factors are identified to be either aiding and/or impeding the success of the schemes; networking and collaboration, continuous community engagement/participation, the formation of water consumer groups, coordination and organizational management, extent of institutional formalization, provision of dividends to the community, clannism, population increase, and poverty and community fatigue. This dissertation sheds new light on the role played by CP in managing vital resources such as water in urban informal settlements/neighborhoods. An important policy contribution is that CP can be used as a viable strategy in the establishment of effective water schemes in urban informal settlements. Furthermore, it can act as an antidote with regards to water quality improvements in urban informal settlements/neighborhoods.

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Arikan, Asli Musaoglu. « Essays on corporate strategy : evolution of corporate capabilities and the role of intangible assets ». Connect to this title online, 2004. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=osu1086374216.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Ohio State University, 2004.
Title from first page of PDF file. Document formatted into pages; contains xii, 144 p.; also includes graphics (some col.). Includes bibliographical references (p. ). Available online via OhioLINK's ETD Center

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Oliveira, Luis. « Decision-making in SME internationalization : The role and use of Control in decisions made under the uncertainties of foreign market expansion ». Licentiate thesis, Högskolan Dalarna, Mikrodataanalys, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:du-35373.

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Small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) make the backbone of virtually all economies but most of them are only marginally engaged with global markets, particularly those from developing countries. Our ability to advise these firms is currently limited for two major reasons: on the one hand, conventional International Business literature treats the firm as a black box and does not advance in decision-making dynamics that are critical to SMEs' foreign expansion; on the other, recent SME internationalization studies have achieved important progress but seem dependent on the use of Effectuation theory to represent the decisions that guide SME internationalization. This thesis focuses on closing this gap, developing a treatment of SME internationalization that focuses specifically on characterising internationalization-related decisions as being based on firms’ control of their own means, which allow them to proactively create opportunities and take advantage of contingencies (that is, the control principle). Empirically, this thesis builds on a quantitative research design based on survey data collected from 851 SMEs distributed in Brazil, China, Italy, Poland, and Sweden. Analyses of these data were performed with multiple regression equations and structural equation modelling using partial least squares. Results show that SMEs seem more inclined to adopt control-based decisions during internationalization when under uncertainties related to their business networks and when they come from emerging markets. They also reveal that the paths toward the realization of international market performance with control-based decisions seem to involve both firm-level and individual-level dynamics, with social networking playing a critical role. Finally, the findings collectively make it possible to draw a picture that clarifies the conceptualization of the control principle and hints on the multi-level nature of control-based internationalization. Despite limitations, such findings contribute to both International Business and International Entrepreneurship literatures while advancing extant understanding of the nature of the control principle and its role in SME internationalization.

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Lotter, Louis Francois. « The role of performance-based reward systems in organisational performance ». Thesis, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10210/6918.

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M.Comm.
Paying for performance is however not an easy solution for organisational performance problems. As stated by Wright (1991: 16), "even the most ardent supporters of performancebased reward systems recognise that it is extraordinarily difficult to manage well". There is also a school of thought that rejects the claims made of performance-based rewards. A recent survey of British Telecom executives carried out by the Society of Telecom Executives (1991: 35) revealed that only 6 per cent of those responding to the survey thought that performance-based rewards improved their performance compared with an overwhelming 70 per cent who thought it had not. Research conducted by Carmen and Wood (1992: 8) on behalf of the Institute of Personnel Management and the National Economic Development Office into payment schemes, did not confirm that performance-based pay was a motivator. Face-to-face interviews were conducted with 40 personnel directors and managers from large and medium organisations. They concluded that the personnel managers interviewed were by no means certain that performancebased rewards succeed in motivating people. Most were not convinced they could unequivocally identify that performance-based rewards was increasing either individual or organisational performance. When these research findings are closely investigated, it can normally be established that specific reasons contribute to the failure of the performance-based reward systems to increase motivation and organisational performance. Armstrong and Murlis (1994: 252) believe these reasons are mostly: A failure to involve employees sufficiently in the design and implementation of the system; A mistaken belief that the performance-based reward system on its own will achieve the expected increase in motivation and performance; and The poor people skills of those managers that are responsible for managing implemented performance-based reward systems.

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Yu, Tai-Ching, et 余苔青. « The Influence of Psychological Capital and Job Engagement on Role-Based Performance ». Thesis, 2017. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/363666.

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碩士
國立彰化師範大學
人力資源管理研究所
105
Through the long-term tests administered on fixed participants in this study, it was found that the motivation and intent of employees can help them to carefully decide whether the nature and intensity of work goals can be achieved through a positive attitude, which shall serve as the fundamental mechanism for gaining an insight into the effect of positive psychological capital on performance results. Based on positive psychological capital applied to employees’ acquisition of incentives as well as the acquisition, maintenance, and nurturing of psychological capital, the resources needed to arrive at outstanding performance results were determined. Job engagement refers to an individual’s display of vigor, focus, and dedication through the individual’s willingness to input the mind, cognition, and emotions into work. These two intangible assets create resources of higher values for the company, which in turn affect staff motivation in the workplace and role-based performance. The questionnaire survey method was adopted with full-time employees and their direct supervisors from different manufacturing sectors at Taichung and Changhua as the questionnaire distribution targets. A total of 760 questionnaire copies was distributed, of which 744 valid copies were received, accounting for an effective response rate of 97.9%. Descriptive statistics, correlation analysis, confirmatory factor analysis, regression analysis, and other statistical methods were then adopted for data analysis.

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Huang, Chia-Ling, et 黃佳鈴. « A Study of Relationships among Psychological Capital and Role-Based Performance : The Mediating Effect of Performance Feedback ». Thesis, 2017. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/5fv238.

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碩士
國立彰化師範大學
人力資源管理研究所
105
Abstract Enterprises today must face macro environment changes across the globe and problems relating to human resources management (HRM) within the organization. From increasing concerns about HRM in recent years, enterprises have discovered the importance of psychological capital to organizational competitive strength. This study aims to investigate the relevant effects of psychological capital on role-based performance, with the seeking performance feedback as the mediator. The four research objectives include: (1) Investigate the positive effects of psychological capital on role-based performance; (2) investigate the positive effects of psychological capital on the seeking performance feedback; (3) investigate the positive effects of performance feedback on role-based performance; and (4) investigate the mediating effect of the seeking performance feedback on psychological capital and role-based performance. A pairwise measurement was conducted on supervisors and their direct subordinates. A secondary measurement was conducted on one supervisor with several employees one month later. This study distributed 320 questionnaires and collected responses from 33 supervisors and 160 employees from eight companies. This study found that: (1) the effect of psychological capital on role-based performance is insignificant; (2) the effect of psychological capital on the seeking performance feedback is significant; (3) the effect of the seeking performance feedback on role-based performance is insignificant; and (4) the seeking performance feedback has a mediating effect on psychological capital and role-based performance. Keywords: Psychological capital, seeking performance feedback, role-based performance

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Juraska, Suzanne Elizabeth. « The role of goal orientation in reactions to normative and improvement based performance feedback / ». 2006. http://gateway.proquest.com/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation&res_dat=xri:pqdiss&rft_dat=xri:pqdiss:3242885.

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Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 2006.
Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 67-11, Section: B, page: 6762. Adviser: Fritz Drasgow. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 92-99) Available on microfilm from Pro Quest Information and Learning.

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Naidoo, Dheenadayala Sreeram. « Improving reading literacy : the role of school-based educator professional development ». Diss., 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/32994.

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The focus of this research is on the professional development of educators responsible for teaching reading literacy to learners. This focus forms the core of this case study. Case studies investigate cause and effect and one of their strengths is the acknowledgement that context is a powerful determinant of both cause and effect. A qualitative research approach is used to collect data by means of semi-structured interviews, observation and questionnaires at three primary schools. This study is aimed at exploring whether educators gained and applied the knowledge and skills from departmental workshops and other professional development intervention to the facilitation of reading literacy. The study investigated and interpreted the participants’ perspectives in order to gain insight and understanding into the professional learning experiences of educators. Proficiency in reading literacy gives learners access to information, broadens their general knowledge, increases their vocabulary and develops their language skills. The improvement of reading literacy commences at the primary level because learners at this stage develop and acquire fundamental attitudes and approaches to learning. Data was collected by means of interviews, observation of lessons and questionnaires on the teaching of reading literacy. Findings indicate that, although the focus of teaching and learning is on the learner, the strategies and criteria are determined by the educator. This could have a negative impact on learners’ acquisition of knowledge and educators’ ability to improve learners’ reading literacy levels. This dissertation recommends that the whole brain learning and reading model, which represents an integration of the literature study, my practical experience and the findings of my empirical study with inputs from principals and educators, should be used as basis for the transformation of reading literacy facilitation in South African schools.
Dissertation (MEd)--University of Pretoria, 2013.
gm2013
Humanities Education
unrestricted

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Yin-Hui, Wu, et 吳茵慧. « A Study of Role Performance and Role Expection of the Elementary School MAL : Based on the Example of Taoyuan County ». Thesis, 2003. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/11866776219108867842.

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碩士
國立台北師範學院
數理教育研究所
91
By promoting that the Grade 1-9 Curriculum surely and upgrading the specialty of the teacher, the duty of the learning areas and their leaders is significant. The main purpose of this study was to understand the present state of Mathematics learning area, and to probe into the role performance and role expectation of Mathematics learning area leaders (MALs) in Taoyuan elementary schools. The objects of study are Taoyuan elementary school’s MALs, general teachers, and administrators. This research employs a self-designed questionnaire survey and interview to collect material. There are several conclusions made from the survey analysis: the ways of the occurrence of MALs of most schools are appointed or elected, the term of office of MALs of most schools is one academic year. It makes a lot of contents of the conference of primary concern in “the teaching experience and the harvest partake”, “the course implements the present state”, “the degree of progress of the course arranges”. Effect at most the satisfied Mathematics learning area operates the reason of the current conditions is “the attitude of the teacher in the area”, the reason that most people be dissatisfied with is “the manpower and the expenses”. MALs to its the ecognition that role performance, and the general teachers and administrators to Mathematics learning area leader’s role performance and role expectation, all at “personal, attitude level” or “human relations, leadership level” compares to meet with the approbation. The Mathematics learning area leaders, general teacher and administrators all think the leaders that fulfillment in “professional growth level” situation is a little bit worse. The Mathematics learning area leaders, general teacher and administrators all there is obvious difference in the each level role performance toward role expectation, and expect the higher than performance. Causing the possible factors that role performance and role expectation differ of MALs has: “lack of a series of the definite education policies”, “The deviation that school policy and teachers want”, “The development of the professional capability”, “The scarcity of the time, manpower and expenses”, and “the other”.

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Zaki, Gergis Adel Shaker. « On the performance of low pressure die-cast Al-Cu based automotive alloys : role of additives ». Thèse, 2014. http://constellation.uqac.ca/3240/1/Zaki_uqac_0862N_10119.pdf.

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The present study focuses on the effect of alloying elements, namely, strontium (Sr), titanium (Ti), zirconium (Zr), scandium (Sc) and silver(Ag) individually or in combination, on the performance of a newly developed Al-2%Cu based alloy. A total of thirteen alloy compositions were used in the study. Tensile test bar castings were prepared employing the low pressure die casting (LPDC) technique. The test bars were solution heat treated at 495°C for 8 hours, followed by quenching in warm water, and then subjected to different isochronal aging treatments using an aging time of 5 hours and aging temperatures of 155°C, 180°C, 200°C, 240°C and 300°C. Tensile testing of as-cast and heat-treated test bars was carried out at room temperature using a strain rate of 4 x 10-4s-1. Five test bars were used per alloy composition/condition. Hardness measurements were also carried out on these alloys using a Brinell hardness tester. The microstructures of selected samples were examined using optical microscopy and electron probe microanalysis (EPMA). The results showed that adding Ti in the amount of 0.15 wt% in the form of Al-5%Ti-1%B master alloy is sufficient to refine the grains in the cast structure in the presence of 200 ppm Sr (0.02 wt%). Addition of Zr and Sc did not contribute further to the grain refining effect. The main role of addition of these two elements appeared in the formation of complex compounds with Al and Ti. Their presence resulted in extending the aging temperature range before the onset of softening. Mathematical analysis of the hardness and tensile data was carried out using the Minitab statistical software program. It was determined that the alloy containing (0.5wt% Zr + 0.15wt% Ti) is the most effective in maximizing the alloy tensile strength over the range of aging temperatures, from 155°C to 300°C. Addition of Ag is beneficial at high aging temperatures, in the range of 240°C-300°C. However, it is less effective compared to the (Zr + Ti)-containing alloy. Addition of Sc does not appear to improve the alloy performance beyond what is achieved by the addition of Zr. From a plot of ultimate tensile strength (UTS) versus percent elongation (%El) values, the following equation was obtained to represent the strength-ductility relationship: UTS (MPa) = -32 %El + 393 with a fit of R2 = 0.83. Cette étude se concentre sur l’effet les éléments d’alliage, à savoir, le strontium (Sr), le titane (Ti), le zirconium (Zr), le scandium (Sc) et l'argent (Ag), individuellement ou en combinaison, sur la performance d’un nouvel alliage Al-2%Cu développé récemment. Treize compositions d'alliages sont utilisées dans l'étude. Des éprouvettes d’essai ont été préparées en utilisant la technologie de coulée à basse pression (LPDC). Les éprouvettes ont été mises dans une solution à 495 ° C pendant 8 heures suivi d'une trempe à l'eau tiède, puis soumis à différents traitements de vieillissement isochrones durant 5 heures, à différentes températures 155°C, 180°C, 200°C, 240°C et 300°C. Les essais en traction des échantillons ainsi traités, ont été effectués, à température ambiante en utilisant une vitesse de déformation de 4 x 10-4s-1. Cinq éprouvettes ont été utilisées par composition d’alliage / température de vieillissement. Des mesures de dureté ont également été effectuées sur ces alliages à l'aide d'un testeur de dureté Brinell. Les microstructures des échantillons sélectionnés ont été examinées par microscopie optique et microanalyse à sonde électronique (EPMA). Les résultats montrent que l'ajout de Ti en une proportion de 0,15% en poids sous forme d’alliage Al-5% Ti-1% B est suffisant pour affiner les grains de la structure de coulée en présence de 200 ppm de Sr (0,02% en poids). L’ajout de Zr et de Sc ne contribue pas davantage à l'effet d'affinage du grain. Le rôle principal de l'addition de ces deux éléments est apparu dans la formation de composés complexes avec Al et Ti. Leur présence a donné lieu à l'extension de la plage de températures de vieillissement avant le début de ramollissement. L'analyse mathématique des données de dureté et de traction a été réalisée en utilisant le logiciel de statistique Minitab. Il a été déterminé que l'alliage contenant 0,5% en poids de Zr + 0,15% en poids de Ti est le plus efficace pour maximiser la résistance à la traction de l'alliage dans la plage de températures de vieillissement de 155 ° C jusqu’à 300 ° C. L'addition d’Ag est bénéfique à haute température de vieillissement dans la plage de 240 ° C-300 ° C. Cependant, il est moins efficace par rapport à l’alliage contenant l' Zr + Ti. L'addition de Sc ne semble pas améliorer les performances de l'alliage au-delà de ce qui est réalisé par l'addition de Zr. A partir d’une courbe de la résistance à la traction (UTS) versus les valeurs du pourcentage d'allongement (% El), nous avons obtenu l'équation suivante représentant la relation force-ductilité: UTS (MPa) = -32 % El + 393 avec un ajustement de R2 = 0.83.

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KUO, YAO-CHIEH, et 郭耀傑. « The Role of Intrinsic and Extrinsic Motivation in Web-based Help-seeking, Helping-behavior and Creative Performance ». Thesis, 2010. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/25157600157855245072.

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碩士
國立臺灣科技大學
技術及職業教育研究所
98
The purpose of this study is to investigate the role of senior high school students’ motivational beliefs (intrinsic motivation, synergistic extrinsic motivation, and non-synergistic extrinsic motivation) and learning behavior (help-seeking and helping-behavior) in creative performance in a web-based learning environment, as well as the role of receieving help in intrinsic motivation, extrinsic motivation and creative performance. 76 students who enrolled in the course of “Architectural Engineering Practice” participated in this study. These students used the “Intelligent Cooperative Learning System” to seek and provide help in order to complete their assignment. Both quantitative and qualitative methods were applied for data analysis. The content analysis was used to analyze the quality of students’ help-seeking and helping behavior, while some quantative methods were used to analyze the reliability of the questionnaires of intrinsic motivation, synergistic extrinsic motivation, and non-synergistic extrinsic motivation. The results of the study were showed below: (1)For the role of motivational beliefs in help-seeking behavior: intrinsic motivation, synergistic extrinsic motivation, and non-synergistic extrinsic motivation did not predict help-seeking behavior. (2)For the role of motivational beliefs in helping behavior: the students who had higher intrinsic motivation and thus had more helping-behavior; however, synergistic extrinsic motivation and non-synergistic extrinsic motivation did not predict helping behavior. (3)For the role of motivational beliefs in creative performance: intrinsic motivation, synergistic extrinsic motivation significantly predicted creative performance originality. However, non-synergistic extrinsic motivation did not predict creative performance originality. (4)For the role of help-seeking in creative performance: the students who had higher creative performance and thus had more help-seeking. (5) For the role of helping behavior in creative performance: elaborated help significantly predicated creative performance. (6) For the role of receiving diffevent level of help in motivational beliefs: the students who received higher quality of help did not increase their synergistic extrinsic motivation, and non-synergistic extrinsic motivation. (7) For the role of receiving diffevent level of help in creative performance: the students who received correct answer from peers had lower creative performance. . Finally, implications and suggestions for creative teaching and future research are provided. Keywords: web-based learning, intrinsic motivation, synergistic extrinsic motivation, non-synergistic extrinsic motivation, help-seeking, helping behavior, creative performance

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Hsu, Chiao-Wen, et 許喬雯. « A Study on Member Role, Collaboration, Participation and Performance of Project-based Learning in a Multimedia Project Team ». Thesis, 2010. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/22515783709422146055.

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碩士
臺灣大學
生物產業傳播暨發展學研究所
98
Along with the development of information and communication technology, multimedia video has become the main stream in life and education, and which leads to the learning style of multimedia project. Multimedia project is a kind of project-based learning, and that can promote students’ abilities and learning performance. Researches about learning groups found gender and abilities can make collaboration, participation different and which leads to influence learning performance. Meanwhile, task-oriented learning groups may develop member roles to complete the task, so analyzing member roles would know the way to promote project performance. However, researches preferred to focus on the video quality, rather than the knowledge and educational video skills that students learn. And still, the “participants” in collaborative learning group are important, which make the project performances different. In order to understand the relationships between those variables in the multimedia project context, this case study analyzed gender ratio, member role, collaboration, participation and project performance in multimedia project teams of students from a college-level course and use mix research method to combine qualitative research and quantitive research.The multiple sources and the triangulation of data enhanced the validity and reliability of the study findings. This study shows that gender has few relationship in a multimedia project team, but heterogeous teams will combine multiple viewpoints and skills. Multimedia project teams may take on task-oriented roles to complete the group work, including dominator, coordinator, implementer and cooperator roles. In addition to task-oriented roles taken by the members, expressive roles also appeared to be important for the multimedia project implementation to release the tension. Still, this study found the necessity of working together on a multimedia project through professional skill, and by adequate connective tools to increase the member participation. In this way the multimedia project teams can increase the group cohesion and fulfill the multimedia project together, finally promote the multimedia project performance.This paper will offer further discusses results of the study and proposes suggestions to the field.

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Wu, Cheng-Ting, et 吳政庭. « The Effects of Digital Role Play Game-Based Learning upon Senior High School Students’ Critical Thinking Learning Performance ». Thesis, 2018. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/895n38.

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碩士
國立臺灣科技大學
數位學習與教育研究所
106
Critical thinking has been a key ability promoted by Taiwan’s on-going educational reform to foster portable skills among students. The present research attempts to examine the effect of digital game-based learning on high school students’ critical thinking ability. With digital games designed by researchers of this study using RPG Maker and a combination of story lines and critical thinking questions, students were provided with a learning context to practice critical thinking skills repeatedly. A total of 32 high school students participated in this study. An experimental one-group pretest-posttest instructional design was conducted to explore the differences in students’ performance in critical thinking and the correlation among the following: their critical thinking ability and learning motivation, flow experience, cognitive load, and technology acceptance before and after their attendance in a four-day camp. The results of the study show that the high school students have made significant progress in the performance of critical thinking skills. Furthermore,no significant progress was found in a comparison between critical thinking ability and the effect of high grouping. Instead,low grouping was found to have a much more critical impact on students’ significant progress. The results of the questionnaire show that high school students who used digital role play game-based learning demonstrated a high degree of learning motivation and that the critical thinking ability of high school students and their internal cognitive load had a significant positive correlation. The results of qualitative interviews illustrated that high school students were very much aware of camp activities and game design. It can be inferred from the research findings that advanced materials may have been challenging for the students, however, their use toward teaching may not only increase students' internal cognitive load, but also stimulate them to comprehend and apply critical thinking ability. In conclusion, digital role-playing game-based learning can effectively enhance students' critical thinking ability and learning motivation. As a high-level cognitive skill, critical thinking is recommended as a research subject for future studies among an increased number of disciplines and models of experiments.

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Mochesela, Palesa Rebecca. « The role of the problem-based approach in the performance of grade 9 learners in solving word problems ». Thesis, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/559.

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In this study, the role of the problem-based approach on the performance of Grade 9 learners in solving word problems is investigated. Traditional approaches have produced learners whose performance in mathematics is not satisfactory and who are not sufficiently equipped with critical and problem skills that are necessary in this dynamic world. Problem-based approach is among the current reform efforts recommended for teaching and learning mathematics. For this approach to be successful, learners need vital tools such as problem solving strategies, which many learners in this country lack. The emphasis in this study was therefore on exposing learners to a variety of problem solving strategies through the problem-based approach. Problems solved throughout the investigation were non-routine, word problems. The results show that awareness of these strategies improves learners' problem solving performance and attitudes towards mathematics. Based on this investigation, recommendations are made concerning effective implementation of this approach to the teaching and learning of mathematics.
Educational Studies
Thesis (M. Ed. (Specialisation in Mathematical Education))

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Yu-LienLi et 李玉蓮. « The Effects of Brand-based HR Practices and Leadership on Employee Service Performance : Mediating Role of Own Brand Commitment ». Thesis, 2014. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/bfqnyf.

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碩士
國立成功大學
國際經營管理研究所碩士在職專班
102
Despite a number of studies underlie the significance of brand commitment, little research has examined this issue from employees’ perspective. The study intends to fill in this gap by employing the Stimulus-Organism-Response (S-O-R) model to examine the effects of brand-focused HR practices and brand-based leadership on employees’ service performance through the mediation of their brand commitment so as to advance the internal branding literature. Analytical results by collecting data with a dyadic approach from 71 supervisors and 240 employees in 46 B2C companies in Taiwan service industry reveal that brand brand-focused HR practices and brand-based leadership each exerts a significant positive effect on employees’ own brand commitment, which in turn advances their service performance. Moreover, employees’ own brand commitment plays a full mediating role in the relationship between brand-based leadership and employee service performance. The study contributes to the brand and branding research by identifying critical determinants and consequences of organizations’ internal branding efforts. Implications and future directions are discussed

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Su, Yu-Hsuan, et 蘇鈺瑄. « The Impact of Human Resource Management Practices towards Middle Managers on Role-based Performance : Exploring the Serial Mediation Mechanism ». Thesis, 2018. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/224v93.

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碩士
國立彰化師範大學
人力資源管理研究所
106
In the era of the knowledge-based economy, social capital and self-directed learning are prerequisites to companies’ sustainable management and sustainable competitiveness. How can companies use appropriate human resources measures to influence middle managers who are the main stream of the company to live up to the company’s expectations for sharing knowledge and passing down experiences? How should companies stimulate middle managers’ self-directed learning motivation so as to enhance results? To resolve the above issues, this study conducted an in-depth study of the serial mediation effect of social capital and self-directed learning on human resources management practices towards middle managers and role-based performance, which will serve as a reference for companies when promoting knowledge management. This study carried out two-stage questionnaire surveys. Full-time middle managers from different manufacturing sectors in Taiwan were targeted for questionnaire distribution. A total of 525 questionnaires were distributed, of which 461 questionnaires were returned, accounting for the response rate of 87.8%. The research results indicate that human resource management practices towards middle managers should be able to shape mutual investment relationships, encourage sharing and creating knowledge, and create social capital. At the same time, the practices can include encouraging team learning, enhancing self-directed learning motivation, arranging middle managers to apply what they have learned in the workplace, and promoting self-directed learning effects in order to improve role-based performances.

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Su, Li-Shin, et 蘇麗心. « Analysis and Prediction Model of Taiwanese Tourist Hotel Performance Based on Machine Learning—the Role of Electronic Word-of-Mouth ». Thesis, 2019. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/5q8aw6.

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碩士
國立交通大學
管理科學系所
107
Based on the performance of Taiwan Tourist Hotel, this study uses nonlinear and linear models to analyze the important impact factors and establish a prediction model. This study is divided into two parts, one is the importance mode and the other is the prediction mode. Two methods are used in the importance mode, the machine learning algorithm Extreme Gradient Boosting(XGBoost) and multiple regression respectively, to explore the important influence factors of Taiwan tourism hotel performance, and to compare the differences between the two methods of linear and nonlinear. The forecasting mode is to establish a forecasting model for the hotel occupancy rate, and use the built model to design the situation model to simulate the real situation of the hotel manager in order to improve the hotel performance and provide the practical contribution of the research.The importance mode of this study found that the important factors affecting hotel performance are the proportion of free independent travelers, service quality, hotel size and average room price in the hotel's characteristic facet, as well as the number of comments and the rating of the location in the electronic word-of-mouth facet. That is to say, as consumers make more choices and comments on the Internet, the conclusion of the importance mode encourages hotel managers to focus on managing the comments and ratings on the Internet and considering the variables of the hotel itself in order to improve hotel performance. The prediction model is for predicting the occupancy rate of the hotel, and mean absolute percentage error (MAPE) is 11.8231% when used to predict the data outside the training data set. The accuracy is very good, users can put the actual data of any hotel into the research model and establish a situational model, analyzing the impact of changes in different variables on performance under different conditions. When the hotel manager formulates the business strategy, this mode can give some substantial information and advice.

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Liu, Ying-Chun, et 劉盈君. « A Study of the Relationship between Authentic Leadership and Proactive Customer Service Performance : Investigating the Mediating Role of Organization-Based Self-Esteem and the Moderating Role of Authentic Followership ». Thesis, 2014. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/bhrbmk.

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碩士
國防大學
運籌管理學系
102
The aim of this research is to explore the relationship between authentic leadership and proactive customer service performance (PCSP) and is to examine the mediating role of subordinate’s organization-based self-esteem (OBSE) and the moderating role of authentic followership. The author collected survey data at two points in time separated by approximately one month and obtained 158 participants of the first-line employees from service industry in Taipei. Result indicated authentic leadership was related to OBSE and PCSP. Further, OBSE could mediate the relationship between authentic leadership and PCSP. Finally, I provide some suggestion and discussion for academic and practical implications and future directions.

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Wu, Po-Yu, et 吳柏郁. « A Study of Work Stressors, Work Attitude and Role-Based Performance of Employees of International Tourist Hotels－Organizational Support as a Moderator ». Thesis, 2010. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/03083131310943338201.

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碩士
輔仁大學
餐旅管理學系碩士班
98
This research targets at employees serving in the international tourist hotel and aims to explore the relationship among employees work stressors, work attitude, role - based performance. We also examine the moderator effect of organization support on the relationship between work stressors and role - based performance; work attitude and role - based performance. The questionnaire survey method was used to collect data through convenience sampling. The samples of this research were native employees who have served for 3 months for international tourist hotel in Taiwan. There are 400 questionnaires sent, and 360 questionnaires were received. All data were analyzed with the following statistical methods such as item analysis, factor analysis, reliability analysis, descriptive statistics, one-way ANOVA, Scheffé’s method, Pearson’s product-moment correlation, regression analysis, and hierarchical multiple regression Analysis. The research results found: (1) personal background of employees age showed significant differences in hindrance stressors, work attitude, role - based performance and organization support; personal background of service years in hotel industry showed significant differences in challenge stressors, work attitude, and role - based performance; personal background of salary showed significant differences in work attitude and role-based performance; personal background of position showed significant differences in work attitude and role-based performance; (2) work stressors has a relationship with role-based performance; hindrance stressors has a negative relationship with task performance and citizenship performance; (3) work attitude has a positive relationship with role-based performance, task performance and citizenship performance; (4)organization support will positively moderate the relationship between challenge stressors and task performance and the relationship between challenge stressors and citizenship performance; (5) organization support will positively moderate the relationship between work attitude and task performance and the relationship between work attitude and citizenship performance.

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Sono, Johannes Hlanganato. « The effect of feedback on lower-level employees' empowerment, motivation and performance in a selected steel production company / Johannes Hlanganato Sono ». Thesis, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10394/15567.

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The general aim of the study was to determine the effect of feedback derived from task observations on lower-level employees’ empowerment, motivation and performance in a selected steel production company. Feedback plays an important role in empowering and motivating employees to improve performance. Previous research indicates that relationships exist between feedback and empowerment, motivation and performance. However, past research was confined to particular context(s), and the effect of feedback on lower-level employees has received little research attention. It was identified that feedback derived from task observations could potentially become a tool to enable lower-level employees to be empowered to perform to the best of their abilities. The research design used is a quantitative non-experimental cross-sectional approach, where questionnaires were used to collect data. The targeted population was all 500 lower-level skilled workers at one business unit of a selected steel production company. Only 308 lower-level employees were available and willing to participate. The findings of the study indicate that there is a statistically significant positive relationship between feedback as derived from task observations and employee empowerment, motivation and performance. The positive relationship found between feedback and empowerment indicates that feedback derived from task observations can be used as a critical component in empowering and motivating lower-level employees to improve performance.
MBA, North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2015

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41

DENG, HUI-FANG, et 鄧惠方. « The Role of Global-Sequential Cognitive Style in Annotation Self-efficacy, Online Annotation, Learning Strategy and Performance in Online Text-based Annotation Environment ». Thesis, 2013. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/41059380991707576972.

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碩士
國立臺灣科技大學
數位學習與教育研究所
101
This study attempted to investigate the role of global-sequential cognitive style in annotation self-efficacy, online annotation, deep/surface learning strategies and learning performance, as well as the relationship among annotation self-efficacy, online annotation, learning strategy and learning performance in online text-based annotation environment. There were ninety-four students enrolled in the course of this study. Both qualitative and quantitative methods were applied for data analysis. The content analysis was used to analyze the students’ on-line annotation and performance, while questionnaires were used to analyze the students’ cognitive styles, annotation self-efficacy and learning strategies. The result showed that (1) students’ global cognitive style which adapted to the online text-based annotation environment significantly predicted both the quantity and quality of online annotation, deep learning strategies, and performance, while there is no significance for annotation self-efficacy. (2) Annotation self-efficacy significantly predicted both the quantity and quality of online annotation, learning strategies, and performance. (3) Both the quantity and quality of online annotation , and deep online annotation behavior significantly predicted performance. (4) Deep strategies were positively correlated with the “related to” and “summary” annotation. Finally, the implications and suggestions for teaching as well as instructional system design, and future research were provided.

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Yu, Fen-Ju, et 尤棻儒. « The Relationship between Work Engagement and Work-Family Conflict : Examining the Mediating Effect of Role-based Performance and the Moderating Effect of Psychological Detachment ». Thesis, 2019. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/h4mwd7.

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碩士
國立彰化師範大學
人力資源管理研究所
107
In the past, many literatures have confirmed and emphasized the benefits of work engagement to job performance. However, is work engagement beneficial to individual both job and family? This study explores the high performance of work engagement with the concept of Conservation of Resource Theory (COR). Is it because employees concentrate on their work-role and ignore their family-role, which in turn leads to work- family conflicts; in addition, this study also proposes the adjustment variables of psychological detachment to explore whether individual psychological detachment slow down the effect of performance on work-family conflicts. The study collected data from the of various industry supervisor and their subordinates as the sample of this study, and a total of 292 group valid questionnaires were collected. The results of this study show that: (1) In addition to the mediation effect of team and organizational role performance, the job, career and innovator role performance have mediating effects. (2) When the level of psychological detachment is low, all the role-based performance contribute to the positive impact of work- family conflicts are stronger. In addition to the more detailed discussion of the role-based performance and the academic contributions of the adjustment of the psychological detachment, the study also hopes to provide a suggestion for the practical workers through the practical contributions of the study, and to adopt a proper vacation system and moderate rest. To achieve a balance between work and family for employees and further benefit the company.

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Chiu, Hua-chen, et 邱樺禎. « The Role of Digital Game-Based Learning in University Student's English Learning Strategy, Intrinsic Motivation, Self-Efficacy, Cognitive Load, and Academic Performance ». Thesis, 2014. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/39782275902740806617.

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碩士
國立臺灣科技大學
數位學習與教育研究所
102
The study attempts to investigate the differences in English learning strategy, intrinsic motivation, self-efficacy, cognitive load, and academic performance between digital game-based learning and workbook exercise. The digital game was designed with Scratch by the researcher. There were 112 college students enrolling the course "international business English" from a vocational university participating in this study. These students were from two classes and taught by the same instructor. 55 students in the experimental group, which used "digital game-based learning", while 57 students in control group used "workbook exercise". Finally, all students were asked to take an examination in order to evaluate their performance. The results indicated that (1)Although no difference was found in English learning strategies between digital game-based learning and traditional workbook exercise groups, students’ uses of learning strategies significantly increased with digital game-based learning group, while traditional workbook exercise group did not. (2) There was a significant difference in intrinsic motivation between digital game-based learning and traditional workbook exercise groups; students’ intrinsic motivation significantly increased with game-based learning group, while no significant difference was found in intrinsic motivation with traditional workbook exercise group. (3) There was a significant difference in self-efficacy between digital game-based learning and traditional workbook exercise groups; students’ self-efficacy significantly increased with game-based learning group, while no significant difference was found in self-efficacy with traditional workbook exercise group. (4) There was no significant difference in cognitive load between digital game-based learning and traditional workbook exercise groups. (5) There was a significant difference in academic performance between digital game-based learning and traditional workbook exercise groups; students’ academic performance significantly increased with game-based learning group, while a significant decrease was found in academic performance with traditional workbook exercise group. Finally, implications and suggestions for teaching and future research were provided.

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Crous, Charleen. « Using role reversal in the treatment of learners with performance anxiety in the school environment ». Diss., 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/14131.

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In this study the technique of role reversal for the treatment of performance anxiety, experienced by learners in the school environment, was investigated. Performance anxiety sometimes presents as part of a larger pattern of social phobia and negatively impacts on an individual’s tasks performance due to the fear of negative evaluation. My qualitative study involved a collective, instrumental case study. Role reversal was implemented as part of a group-therapeutic intervention which continued for approximately three months, and involved participants acting as peer tutors. Data analysis focused on the participant’s personal experiences of the technique as well as therapeutic gains and the usefulness of the technique from a school-based counsellor’s perspective. The research findings revealed that although the helping role held certain challenges for the participants, it seemed to generally impact positively on their social and academic confidence and functioning. Additionally their levels of performance anxiety appeared to decrease.
Psychology of Education
M. Ed. (Guidance and Counselling)

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45

« The Role of Futures Markets for the Design and Performance of Incentive Based Environmental Policy : A Study of the Sulfur Financial Instrument and European Union Allowance ». Doctoral diss., 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/2286/R.I.34859.

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abstract: This dissertation outlines the role that futures markets for tradable permits can play in improving the performance of incentive based policies for environmental externalities. An extensive literature on tradable permits exists. However, to my knowledge, the role of futures contracts as an instrument for responding to permit price uncertainty has not been considered, nor has their pricing performance in this role been examined. This research provides a theoretical description of how futures can be used to manage the price uncertainty associated with permit purchases. It then evaluates if the futures contract performance for the former U.S. Sulfur Dioxide (SO2) and the existing EU Carbon Dioxide (CO2) futures markets are consistent with the theoretical constructs. Overall, for the short time horizons examined, futures are the best information source regarding later permit prices for both markets examined. Consistent with the theoretical model presented, this implies futures markets can be looked to as a forecast of the incremental costs of emission control. The theory illustrates that firms can then use futures to eliminate the negative effects of permit price uncertainty and restore policy compliance cost minimization. These results demonstrate that an ideal futures market for emission permits can enhance policy performance.
Dissertation/Thesis
Doctoral Dissertation Business Administration 2015

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Chou, Chao-Lin, et 周兆琳. « How Human Resource Management Measures of Middle Managers Enhance Role-Based Performance Through Thriving at Work -From the Perspective of Social Exchange Theory and Psychological Contract Theory ». Thesis, 2018. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/uh68ea.

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碩士
國立彰化師範大學
人力資源管理研究所
106
Thriving at work is a positive mental state experienced by an individual at work. This state can enable a middle manager to maintain an endless stream of vitality and learning power and continue to achieve higher performance expected within and outside of his/her role, which is conducive to the organization’s sustainable development. The causes of this mental state are the human resource management measures that can bring competitive advantages to the organization. This study adopted the social exchange theory and the psychology contract theory as the bases to explore the mediating effect of thriving at work on human resources management measures and role-based performance, so as to ensure that both the organization and individuals can contribute to the company’s goal of maintaining sustainable competitive advantages. This study focused on the technology industry and the manufacturing industry in Taiwan. The questionnaire survey method was adopted to implement two-stage testing with a one-month interval. The questionnaires were distributed to 461 middle managers, as the research participants, in 45 companies. Among them, 454 questionnaires were valid, accounting for a valid response rate of 87.81%. The main findings of this research verify that: (1) Human resource management measures have a significant positive effect on the basic performance of middle managers; (2) Human resource management measures have a positive effect on thriving at work of middle managers; (3) Thriving at work has a positive effect on the role-based performance of middle managers; (4) Human resource management measures, mediated by thriving at work, have a positive effect on the role-based performance of middle managers.

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Hsiao, Chih-Hung, et 蕭智鴻. « The Impact of Senior Manager Leadership Ambidexterity and Organizational Learning Culture on Role-based Performance of Middle Managers : Exploring the Mediating Effect of Middle Manager Knowledge Exchange and Application ». Thesis, 2018. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/rh88a5.

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碩士
國立彰化師範大學
人力資源管理研究所
106
As the global technology develops quickly and the environment changes swiftly, technology, technique, and knowledge have increased rapidly. Companies must continually improve their organizational capabilities to remain competitive. Middle managers are at the forefront of organizational operations; whether they can exert their capabilities or not will be the key factor affecting the organizational performance. Based on previous research results, the leadership style and the organizational learning culture affect the performances of employees. However, most studies focused on general employees as the research participants whereas studies that used middle managers as the research participants remained scarce. Therefore, this study used middle managers as research participants from technology and manufacturing sectors to explore the impacts of ambidextrous leadership of senior executives, learning culture, and knowledge exchange and application of middle managers on role-based performances of middle managers. This study adopted the questionnaire survey method, with middle managers from Taiwan’s technology and manufacturing sectors as the participants. A total of 525 questionnaires were distributed, of which 454 valid questionnaires were returned, accounting for a valid response rate of 88.38%. The research results exhibit: Senior executives’ ambidextrous leadership and organizational learning culture have significant positive impacts on the performances of middle managers; in addition, senior executives’ ambidextrous leadership and organizational learning culture, mediated by middle managers’ knowledge exchange and application, have a positive influence on role-based performances of middle managers.

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Wilson, Irene Rose. « The validation of a performance-based assessment battery ». Diss., 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/1020.

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Legislative pressures are being brought to bear on South African employers to demonstrate that occupational assessment is scientifically valid and culturefair. The development of valid and reliable performance-based assessment tools will enable employers to meet these requirements. The general aim of this research was to validate a performance-based assessment battery for the placement of sales representatives. A literature survey examined alternative assessment measures and methods of performance measurement, leading to the conclusion that the combination of the work sample as a predictor measure and the managerial rating of performance as a criterion measure offer a practical and cost-effective assessment process to the sales manager. The empirical study involved 54 sales persons working for the Commercial division of an oil marketing company, selling products and services to the commercial and industrial market. By means of the empirical study, a significant correlation was found between performance of sales representatives in terms of the performance-based assessment battery for the entry level of the career ladder and their behaviour in the field as measured by the managerial performance rating instrument. The limitations of the sample, however, prevent the results from being generalised to other organisations.

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Lapointe, Émilie. « Examen des contributions d’une approche relationnelle de la socialisation organisationnelle ». Thèse, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/10352.

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Tant auprès des chercheurs que des praticiens, la socialisation organisationnelle semble représenter un sujet d’intérêt à l’heure actuelle (Fang, Duffy, & Shaw, 2011). Dans cette lignée, la présente thèse cherche à approfondir notre compréhension de la socialisation organisationnelle, afin d’en dresser un portrait plus complet et étayé, mais aussi d’y arrimer des pratiques porteuses pour les organisations et leurs employés. Plus précisément, les aspects relationnels inhérents au vécu des nouveaux employés, largement ignorés à ce jour dans la documentation (Ashforth, Sluss, & Harrison, 2007), sont examinés à partir de données recueillies à trois temps de mesure distincts auprès d’un échantillon de 224 nouveaux employés. Avec comme point de départ la théorie de l’échange social (Blau, 1964) et le concept de confiance affective (McAllister, 1995), le premier des deux articles qui composent la thèse démontre que, par rapport aux approches dites classiques (i.e., exprimant une vision cognitive de la socialisation organisationnelle), une approche relationnelle de la socialisation organisationnelle permet de mieux rendre compte du lien psychologique qui s’établit entre les nouveaux employés et l’organisation, alors que les approches cognitives classiques sont davantage explicatives de la performance des employés. Les deux approches semblent donc complémentaires pour expliquer l’adaptation des nouveaux employés. Le second article s’appuie sur la démonstration effectuée dans le premier article et cherche à approfondir davantage les aspects relationnels inhérents au vécu des nouveaux employés, de même que leur influence sur l’adaptation de ces derniers. À cette fin, la théorie de la conservation des ressources (Hobfoll, 1989) est considérée et l’engagement affectif (Meyer & Herscovitch, 2001) est mis de l’avant comme concept focal. Les résultats suggèrent que l’engagement affectif envers le supérieur compense pour un déclin de l’engagement affectif envers l’organisation, tel qu’il résulte d’un bris de la relation avec l’organisation. Les relations semblent donc, dans certaines circonstances, avoir une portée qui dépasse leurs protagonistes directs. La présente thèse démontre donc que les aspects relationnels inhérents au vécu des nouveaux employés ont une influence distincte, prépondérante et complexe sur leur adaptation en emploi. Ce faisant, elle s’insère dans un courant de recherche visant à remettre à l’avant-plan et mieux comprendre la sphère relationnelle dans les organisations (Ragins & Dutton, 2007). Les implications théoriques et pratiques qui en découlent seront discutées.
Both among researchers and practitioners, organizational socialization seems to be a topic of interest nowadays (Fang, Duffy, & Shaw, 2011). Along this line, the present thesis seeks to deepen our understanding of organizational socialization in order to provide a more complete and documented picture of it, but also to develop useful practices for organizations and their employees. Specifically, the relational aspects inherent to the experience of newcomers, largely ignored so far in the literature (Ashforth, Sluss, & Harrison, 2007), are examined using data collected at three points in time among a sample of 224 newcomers. Using social exchange theory (Blau, 1964) as a background and the concept of affective trust (McAllister, 1995), the first of the two articles that comprise the thesis shows that, compared with conventional approaches (i.e., expressing a cognitive view of organizational socialization), a relational approach to organizational socialization can better reflect the psychological bond that is established between newcomers and organizations, while conventional approaches are more explanatory of employee performance. The two approaches thus seem complementary to explain newcomer adjustment. The second article draws from the evidence reported in the first article and seeks to further deepen the relational aspects inherent to the experience of newcomers, as well as their influence on adjustment. To this end, conservation of resources theory (Hobfoll, 1989) is considered and affective commitment (Meyer & Herscovitch, 2001) is put forward as the focal concept. Results suggest that affective commitment to the supervisor compensates for a decline in affective commitment to the organization as resulting from a breach to individuals’ relationship with the organization. Relationships thus seem, under certain circumstances, to have an impact that goes beyond their direct protagonists. This thesis therefore demonstrates that the relational aspects inherent to the experience of newcomers have a distinct, prevailing and complex influence on their adjustment. In doing so, it is part of a research stream that tries to put forward and better understand the relational dynamics within organizations (Ragins & Dutton, 2007). Theoretical and practical implications will be discussed.

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Wilson, Irene Rose. « The validation of a performance-based assessment battery ». Diss., 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/16493.

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Legislative pressures are being brought to bear on South African employers to demonstrate that occupational assessment is scientifically valid and culture-fair. The development of valid and reliable performance-based assessment tools will enable employers to meet these requirements. The general aim of this research was to validate a performance-based assessment battery for the placement of sales representatives. A literature survey examined alternative assessment measures and methods of performance measurement, leading to the conclusion that the combination of the work sample as a predictor measure and the managerial rating of performance as a criterion measure offer a practical and cost-effective assessment process to the sales manager. The empirical study involved 54 sales persons working for the Commercial division of an oil marketing company, selling products and services to the commercial and industrial market. By means of the empirical study, a significant correlation was found between performance of sales representatives in terms of the performance-based assessment battery for the entry level of the career ladder and their behaviour in the field as measured by the managerial performance rating instrument. The limitations of the sample, however, prevent the results from being generalised to other organisations.
Industrial & Organisational Psychology
M.A. (Industrial Psychology)

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Thèses sur le sujet « Role-based performance »

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