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Articles de revues sur le sujet « Runoff »

Auteur : Grafiati

Publié le 4 juin 2021

Mis à jour le 25 juillet 2025

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1

Ng, H. Y. F., T. Mayer, and J. Marsalek. "Phosphorus Transport in Runoff from a Small Agricultural Watershed." Water Science and Technology 28, no. 3-5 (1993): 451–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1993.0448.

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Impacts of phosphorus (P) discharges on receiving waters depend on the magnitude of loadings and their P bioavai lability which varies for various phosphorus forms. To advance the understanding of P transport in agricultural runoff, the main nonpoint source of P, seasonal and short-term variabilities in P forms were studied. Total phosphorus (TP), total paniculate phosphorus (TPP) and total suspended sediment (SS) concentrations were measured in runoff from the Nissouri Creek agricultural watershed. About 54% of TP in runoff was associated with sediment particles (&gt;0.45 µm). The remaini

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Fok, Hok Sum, Yutong Chen, and Linghao Zhou. "Prospects for Reconstructing Daily Runoff from Individual Upstream Remotely-Sensed Climatic Variables." Remote Sensing 14, no. 4 (2022): 999. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs14040999.

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Basin water supply, planning, and its allocation requires runoff measurements near an estuary mouth. However, insufficient financial budget results in no further runoff measurements at critical in situ stations. This has recently promoted the runoff reconstruction via regression between the runoff and nearby remotely-sensed variables on a monthly scale. Nonetheless, reconstructing daily runoff from individual basin-upstream remotely-sensed climatic variables is yet to be explored. This study investigates standardized data regression approach to reconstruct daily runoff from the individual remo

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Gu, Hai Yan, Yong Wang, and Lei Yu. "Runoff Fractal Dimension of Songhua River Basin in Harbin Station Based on Db4 Wavelet." Advanced Materials Research 550-553 (July 2012): 2537–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.550-553.2537.

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The wavelet analysis and fractal theory into the analysis of hydrological time series, fluctuations in hydrological runoff sequence given the complexity of the measurement methods--- fractal dimension. The real monthly runoffs of 28 years from Songhua River basin in Harbin station are selected as research target. Wavelet transform combined with spectrum method is used to calculate the fractal dimension of runoff. Moreover, the result demonstrates that the runoff in Songhua River basin has the characteristic of self-similarity, and the complexity of runoff in the Songhua River basin in Harbin s

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Kawara, Osami, Manabu Uehara, and Kanako Ibaragi. "A study on the water quality of runoff from forest." Water Science and Technology 39, no. 12 (1999): 93–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1999.0534.

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The important non-point sources in Japan are urban areas, rice paddy fields and forest. The forest area in river basins occupies about 70 per cent. Furthermore, Japanese forest is usually on steep mountains. Therefore, pollutant loads from the forest cannot be ignored in Japan. In this study, we discuss the seasonal variations of water quality of runoff from forest, and of component runoffs, inter-surface runoff and groundwater runoff, based on observations and on the results separated by a numerical filter. The seasonal variations of water quality and four types of relations between water qua

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Xiao, Ziwei, Peng Shi, Peng Jiang, et al. "The Spatiotemporal Variations of Runoff in the Yangtze River Basin under Climate Change." Advances in Meteorology 2018 (2018): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/5903451.

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A better understanding of the runoff variations contributes to a better utilization of water resources and water conservancy planning. In this paper, we analyzed the runoff changes in the Yangtze River Basin (YRB) including the spatiotemporal characteristics of intra-annual variation, the trend, the mutation point, and the period of annual runoff using various statistical methods. We also investigated how changes in the precipitation and temperature could impact on runoff. We found that the intra-annual runoff shows a decreasing trend from 1954 to 2008 and from upper stream to lower stream. On

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Ren, Liliang, Xiaofan Liu, Fei Yuan, Jing Xu, and Wei Liu. "Quantitative analysis of runoff reduction in the Laohahe basin." Hydrology Research 43, no. 1-2 (2012): 38–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/nh.2011.135.

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In order to determine the reason for runoff reduction, daily natural runoff series were restored using a conceptual rainfall–runoff model. The period of 1970–1979 was regarded as a base period with little human activity; model parameters for each subcatchment within the Laohahe basin were calibrated for this period. The effects of human activity and climate change on runoff were quantified by comparing the observed runoff and the natural runoff simulated by the hydrological model. The results show that the observed annual mean runoffs in the 1980s and especially in the 2000s are smaller than t

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Lv, Meizhao, Hui Lu, Kun Yang, Zhongfeng Xu, Meixia Lv, and Xiaomeng Huang. "Assessment of Runoff Components Simulated by GLDAS against UNH–GRDC Dataset at Global and Hemispheric Scales." Water 10, no. 8 (2018): 969. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w10080969.

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The current evaluations of global land data assimilation system (GLDAS) runoff were generally limited to the observation-rich areas. At the global and hemispheric scales, we assessed different runoff components performance of GLDAS (1.0 and 2.1) using the University of New Hampshire and Global Runoff Data Centre (UNH-GRDC) dataset. The results suggest that GLDAS simulations show considerable uncertainties, particularly in partition of surface and subsurface runoffs, in snowmelt runoff modeling, and in capturing the northern peak time. GLDAS1.0-CLM (common land model) produced more surface runo

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Kirvel, Ivan, Alexander Volchak, Sergey Parfomuk, and Pavel Kirvel. "Environmental Risks of Water Resources in the Belarusian Polesie." Limnological Review 23, no. 1 (2023): 21–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/limnolrev23010002.

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The article is devoted to the problems of water resources in Belarusian Polesie. Surface water resources analysis was carried out for the different types of runoffs. There was a significant decrease in maximum spring runoff and a decrease in the average annual runoff. A statistically significant increase in the minimum winter runoff is observed for the rivers of the Pripyat River basin. For the minimum summer–autumn runoff, there was no unambiguous trend in the runoff change. Quality of natural waters analysis included investigation of the annual concentrations of priority substances in the wa

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Adham, M. I., S. M. Shirazi, F. Othman, S. Rahman, Z. Yusop, and Z. Ismail. "Runoff Potentiality of a Watershed through SCS and Functional Data Analysis Technique." Scientific World Journal 2014 (2014): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/379763.

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Runoff potentiality of a watershed was assessed based on identifying curve number (CN), soil conservation service (SCS), and functional data analysis (FDA) techniques. Daily discrete rainfall data were collected from weather stations in the study area and analyzed through lowess method for smoothing curve. As runoff data represents a periodic pattern in each watershed, Fourier series was introduced to fit the smooth curve of eight watersheds. Seven terms of Fourier series were introduced for the watersheds 5 and 8, while 8 terms of Fourier series were used for the rest of the watersheds for th

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Hu, Shanshan, Yunyun Fan, and Tao Zhang. "Assessing the Effect of Land Use Change on Surface Runoff in a Rapidly Urbanized City: A Case Study of the Central Area of Beijing." Land 9, no. 1 (2020): 17. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/land9010017.

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The change in land use during the process of urbanization affects surface runoff and increases flood risk in big cities. This study investigated the impact of land use change on surface runoff in Beijing’s central area during the period of rapid urbanization from 1984 to 2019. Land use maps of 1984, 1999, 2009, and 2019 were generated by image classification of Landsat images. Surface runoffs were calculated with the Soil Conservation Service curve number (SCS-CN) model. Correlation analysis was used to identify the dominant factor of land use change affecting surface runoff. The result showed

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You, Qiying, Hao Jiang, Yan Liu, Zhao Liu, and Zilong Guan. "Probability Analysis and Control of River Runoff–sediment Characteristics based on Pair-Copula Functions: The Case of the Weihe River and Jinghe River." Water 11, no. 3 (2019): 510. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w11030510.

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Analyzing the encounter frequency of high–low runoff and sediment yield is important for the appropriate dispatching of runoff–sediment resources, as well as river regulation. However, there have been no reports on the utilization of the pair-copula function in analyzing the runoff–sediment characteristics from a probabilistic perspective and conducting probability control on the runoff–sediment yields of different hydrologic stations. This paper builds marginal distribution functions on the basis of kernel distribution theory. In addition, this paper builds the joint distribution functions th

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Xiao, Qintai, Li Zhou, Xin Xiang, et al. "Integration of Hydrological Model and Time Series Model for Improving the Runoff Simulation: A Case Study on BTOP Model in Zhou River Basin, China." Applied Sciences 12, no. 14 (2022): 6883. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app12146883.

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Improving the accuracy of runoff simulations is a significant focus of hydrological science for multiple purposes such as water resources management, flood and drought prediction, and water environment protection. However, the simulated runoff has limitations that cannot be eliminated. This paper proposes a method that integrates the hydrological and time series models to improve the reliability and accuracy of simulated runoffs. Specifically, the block-wise use of TOPMODEL (BTOP) is integrated with three time series models to improve the simulated runoff from a hydrological model of the Zhou

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Lepcha, Kabita. "Estimation of Surface Runoff by SCS-CN Model for the Mountainous watershed of Chhota Rangit River Basin of Darjeeling, India." Ecology, Environment and Conservation 31, Suppl (2025): S120—S132. https://doi.org/10.53550/eec.2025.v31i02s.021.

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Surface runoff significantly affects the hydrological characteristics and soil erosion of the river basin. Rainfall, land use land cover and soil texture determines the amount of surface runoff. The estimation of surface runoff is one of the prerequisite for sustainable watershed management. The Soil Conservation ServiceCurve Number (SCS-CN) method is one of the most widely used methods for the surface runoff estimation. In the present study, Chhota Rangit river basin located in the Darjeeling Himalaya has been selected for the estimation of the surface runoff by SCS-CN method. The thematic la

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Li, Jiaxin, Kaixuan Qian, Yuan Liu, et al. "LSTM-Based Model for Predicting Inland River Runoff in Arid Region: A Case Study on Yarkant River, Northwest China." Water 14, no. 11 (2022): 1745. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w14111745.

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Inland river runoff variations in arid regions play a decisive role in maintaining regional ecological stability. Observation data of inland river runoff in arid regions have short time series and imperfect attributes due to limitations in the terrain environment and other factors. These shortages not only restrict the accurate simulation of inland river runoff in arid regions significantly, but also influence scientific evaluation and management of the water resources of a basin in arid regions. In recent years, research and applications of machine learning and in-depth learning technologies

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Xue, Yongkang, Jinjun Ji, Shufen Sun, et al. "Multiscale Variability of the River Runoff System in China and Its Long-Term Link to Precipitation and Sea Surface Temperature." Journal of Hydrometeorology 6, no. 4 (2005): 550–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jhm439.1.

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Abstract This is an exploratory study to investigate the spatial and temporal characteristics of east China’s (EC) river runoff and their relationship with precipitation and sea surface temperature (SST) at the continental scale. Monthly mean data from 72 runoff stations and 160 precipitation stations in EC, covering a period between 1951 and 1983, are used for this study. The station river runoff data have been spatially interpolated onto 1° grid boxes as runoff depth based on an extracted drainage network. Comparing runoff depth with precipitation shows that seasonal variation in runoff is c

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Wei, Zhang, Li Simin, and Tang Fengbing. "Characterization of Urban Runoff Pollution between Dissolved and Particulate Phases." Scientific World Journal 2013 (2013): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/964737.

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To develop urban stormwater management effectively, characterization of urban runoff pollution between dissolved and particulate phases was studied by 12 rainfall events monitored for five typical urban catchments. The average event mean concentration (AEMC) of runoff pollutants in different phases was evaluated. The AEMC values of runoff pollutants in different phases from urban roads were higher than the ones from urban roofs. The proportions of total dissolved solids, total dissolved nitrogen, and total dissolved phosphorus in total ones for all the catchments were 26.19%–30.91%, 83.29%–90.

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Galster, Susanne, and Brigitte Helmreich. "Copper and Zinc as Roofing Materials—A Review on the Occurrence and Mitigation Measures of Runoff Pollution." Water 14, no. 3 (2022): 291. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w14030291.

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Stormwater runoff from metal roofs has been a significant subject of discussion, especially when it comes to its treatment and the target concentrations that need to be achieved prior to discharge into the aquatic environment. To raise further awareness on this issue, occurrence, characterization, and also mitigation measures for metal roof runoff were analyzed using the example of copper and zinc roofs. These stormwater runoffs were found to contain metals in significant concentrations, mainly due to the wash-off of corrosion products by precipitation. Factors influencing metal corrosion and

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TRAN, HONGHI, ANDREW K. JONES, and THOMAS M. GRACE. "Understanding recovery boiler smelt runoff phenomena." January 2015 14, no. 1 (2015): 41–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.32964/tj14.1.41.

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There is considerable interest in the nature and causes of heavy smelt runoff from recovery boilers because of the role it has played in numerous dissolving tank explosions and for personnel safety around the dissolving tank. Most mills have experienced runoff problems, which can be caused by cleaning plugged spouts, burning down a large bed, low sulfidity smelt, startup with a bed in the unit, and improper firing practices. The peak smelt flow during a runoff is often 3 to 5 times normal and may be much greater in severe cases. Heavy runoffs are self-limiting and typically last less than 30 m

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Li, Shuoyang, Guiyu Yang, and Hao Wang. "The Runoff Evolution and the Differences Analysis of the Causes of Runoff Change in Different Regions: A Case of the Weihe River Basin, Northern China." Sustainability 11, no. 19 (2019): 5295. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11195295.

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The runoff levels of the major hydrological stations in the Weihe river basin (WRB) have been found to present decreasing trends. However, the conspicuous spatial differences in the hydro-meteorological conditions have led to variations in the rainfall–runoff pattern in each of the sub-basin areas. The aims of this research study were to reveal the main factors contributing to the runoff changes in the different regions—and it has significance in the water resources rational allocation and protection in the different regions. Three statistical methods were used to analyze the law of precipitat

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Liu, Bojun, Xiaohui Lei, Siyu Cai, Shaoming Peng, and Dawei Zhang. "Short-term Runoff Forecasting based on Hydrological Factors at Nanchang Section of Ganjiang River, China." MATEC Web of Conferences 246 (2018): 01025. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201824601025.

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With the change of global climate and underlying surface characteristics, and increasing human activities, hydro-meteorological factors such as precipitation, evaporation, and runoff. Etc., are directly affected, therefore the assumption of stationarity may no longer exist. In a changing environment, the conventional runoff forecasting methods become invalid, which brings challenges to accurate hydrometeorological forecast. A hydrological model based on the changing environment was employed to forecast the runoff at Nanchang Section of Ganjiang River in this paper, and the rationality and vali

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Jo, Junbeom, Changjae Kwak, Jungsoo Kim, and Sooyoul Kim. "Deriving Optimal Analysis Method for Road Surface Runoff with Change in Basin Geometry and Grate Inlet Installation." Water 14, no. 19 (2022): 3132. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w14193132.

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Road surface-runoffs have been analyzed using various approaches, but inaccurate analysis methods lead to overestimation of the drainage capacity, causing unexpected flood damage in low-lying urban areas. Previous studies have highlighted the importance of considering various parameters for accurate road surface-runoff analysis. This study involves road surface-runoff analysis using an enhanced approach considering simplified and modified drainage basin geometries, road surface and gutter flow travel times, and inlet interception efficiency as key parameters under various road conditions. The

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Swathi, V., K. Srinivasa Raju, Murari R. R. Varma, and S. Sai Veena. "Automatic calibration of SWMM using NSGA-III and the effects of delineation scale on an urban catchment." Journal of Hydroinformatics 21, no. 5 (2019): 781–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/hydro.2019.033.

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Abstract The study aims at calibration of the storm water management model (SWMM) with non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm-III (NSGA-III) for urban catchment in Hyderabad, India. The SWMM parameters calibrated were Manning's roughness coefficient (N), depression storage for pervious and impervious areas (DP and Di), sub-catchment width (W), curve number (CN), drying time (dry) of soil and percentage of imperviousness (I). The efficacy of calibration was evaluated by comparing the observed and simulated peak flows and runoff using goodness-of-fit indices. The calibration takes into consider

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Khoirotunnisa, Safira Defiani, Gina Isna Nafisa, Chandra Setyawan, Muchammad Nu’man, and Ngadisih. "Assessment of Surface Runoff Potency under Tropical Environment for Soil and Water Conservation Planning." BIO Web of Conferences 80 (2023): 03011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/bioconf/20238003011.

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Water is essential for living organisms, including crops. Its presence is a crucial factor for agriculture. Soil and water conservation is an effort to sustainably maintain the availability of water, thereby meeting the water needs of crops in the agricultural sector. This research aims to estimate the potency of surface runoff as a hydrological indicator of watershed critically for soil and water conservation purposes. A hydrological tank model was used to estimate surface runoff. The results showed a potential for surface runoff of approximately 133.82 mm/month, occurring primarily during th

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Wang, J., H. Y. Li, and X. H. Hao. "Responses of snowmelt runoff to climatic change in an inland river basin, Northwestern China, over the past 50a." Hydrology and Earth System Sciences Discussions 7, no. 1 (2010): 493–528. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/hessd-7-493-2010.

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Abstract. The spatial and temporal variations of snowcover distribution, and snowmelt runoffs are considered as sensitive indicators for climatic change. The purpose of this paper is to analyze and forecast the responses of snowmelt runoff to climate change. The upstream of Heihe River Basin in Northwestern China was chose as the representative catchments, and the observation data of the meteorological and hydrological stations were utilized to analyze the status and the regularity for the climatic change from 1956 to 2008. Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) data were used t

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Li, Wenjie, Huabai Liu, Pangpang Gao, et al. "Development of an MPE-BMA Ensemble Model for Runoff Prediction Under Future Climate Change Scenarios: A Case Study of the Xiangxi River Basin." Sustainability 17, no. 10 (2025): 4714. https://doi.org/10.3390/su17104714.

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Accurate runoff simulation and prediction are crucial for water resources management, especially under the impact of climate change. In this study, a multi-physics ensemble Bayesian model averaging (MPE-BMA) model is developed to improve runoff prediction accuracy by integrating a soil and water assessment tool (SWAT), hydrologiska byråns vattenbalansavdelning (HBV) model, and Bayesian model averaging (BMA) into a general framework. The MPE-BMA model integrates the strengths of the SWAT and HBV models. This approach enhances the robustness of simulation outputs and reduces uncertainties from s

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Kumar, Sumant, Absar Ahmad Kazmi, Narayan Chandra Ghosh, Vinod Kumar, and Ankur Rajpal. "Urban stormwater runoff treatment of Nainital Lake's catchment: an application of ballasted sand flocculation technology." Water Supply 19, no. 4 (2018): 1017–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/ws.2018.148.

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Abstract Stormwater runoffs are one of the primary causes for deteriorating water quality in the Nainital Lake, India – a prominent tourist attraction and the sole drinking water source for the habitants of Nainital City. Treatment of fluctuating runoffs and contaminant influxes before mixing with the lake's water by conventional methods would require a large land footprint, which is a big constraint in the Nainital because of the hilly region. Ballasted sand flocculation (BSF) technology requires much less land footprint; a full-scale 1 MLD capacity pilot plant was applied for treatment of st

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Liu, Yinge, Keke Yu, Yaqian Zhao, and Jiangchuan Bao. "Impacts of Climatic Variation and Human Activity on Runoff in Western China." Sustainability 14, no. 2 (2022): 942. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su14020942.

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Hydrological cycle is sensitively affected by climatic variation and human activity. Taking the upper- and middle-stream of the Weihe River in western China as an example, using multiple meteorological and hydrological elements, as well as land-use/land-cover change (LUCC) data, we constructed a sensitivity model of runoff to climatic elements and human activities based on the hydro-thermal coupling equilibrium equation, while a cumulative slope was used to establish a comprehensive estimation model for the contributions of climatic variation and human activities to the changes of runoff. The

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Han, S., D. Xu, and S. Wang. "Runoff formation from plot, field, to small catchment with shallow groundwater table and dense drainage system in agricultural North Huaihe River Plain, China." Hydrology and Earth System Sciences Discussions 9, no. 4 (2012): 4235–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/hessd-9-4235-2012.

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Abstract. Runoff formation processes at the experimental plot (1600 m2), the field (0.06 km2), and the small catchment (1.36 km2) with shallow groundwater table and dense drainage system in North Huaihe River Plain (the northern part of the Huaihe River Basin, China) were analyzed based on observed rainfall, runoff and groundwater table depth data of 30 storm events during the flood seasons from 1997 to 2008. At the outlet of the furrow of the experimental plot, only the surface runoff was collected and measured, whereas both the surface and subsurface runoffs were collected at the drainage di

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Chung, N. T., J. S. Ra, K. Park, D. W. Kim, and S. D. Kim. "Toxicity of artificial runoff fostered with dry deposition particulates from industrial, commercial, and highway area in Gwangju, Korea." Water Science and Technology 59, no. 11 (2009): 2227–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2009.258.

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The adverse effects of rainwater and artificial urban runoff (an imitation of urban runoff during rainfall event) were investigated using a battery of bioassays employing three test species. Urban dusts were collected at three representative sites; commercial, industrial and highway areas. The water quality parameters of rainwater and artificial runoff revealed low hardness (23.4 ∼ 34.2 mg·L−1 as CaCO3) and alkalinity (7.0 ∼ 34.2 mg·L−1 as CaCO3). High toxicities were observed in the bioassays for the artificial runoffs. The average toxic units for D. magna, S. capricornutum, and O. latipes we

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Vega-Garcia, Pablo, Regina Schwerd, Christian Scherer, Christoph Schwitalla, and Brigitte Helmreich. "Development of a Model for Stormwater Runoff Prediction on Vertical Test Panels Coated with Plaster and Mortar." Water 12, no. 9 (2020): 2593. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w12092593.

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Leaching outdoor tests (LOT) are commonly used to assess the leaching of substances from construction materials. In this context, the amount of stormwater in contact with the surface material is of special interest for analyzing the runoff loads of substances from building façades. A numerical model was developed in MATLAB on the basis of previous analytical models to calculate the collected stormwater runoff volumes from the vertical test panels (VTP) during LOT. In the model, wind-driven rain (WDR) is considered to be the main mechanism for determining the amount of water impinging on the VT

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Huang, Hui Ming, Hao Zhu, Yi Gang Wang, and Wei Na Zhang. "Long Term Evolution Characteristics of Runoffs in the Tideway of the Changjiang River." Advanced Materials Research 1010-1012 (August 2014): 1095–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1010-1012.1095.

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Abstract. Datong hydrological station is the last control station in the Changjiang River mainstream, and its runoffs have great significance on evolution of the tideway and the estuary of the Changjiang River. Therefore, this paper compiled long term series (1950~2010) of daily water discharges at Datong gauging station, and utilized the statistic methods to analyze the long term evolution characteristics of the Datong runoff. The results show that: (1) Inter-annual variability of runoffs was relatively stable, with average fluctuation range below 104m3/s, which may be caused by the location

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Shukla, Saurabh, Tesfa Worku Meshesha, Indra S. Sen, Roland Bol, Heye Bogena, and Junye Wang. "Assessing Impacts of Land Use and Land Cover (LULC) Change on Stream Flow and Runoff in Rur Basin, Germany." Sustainability 15, no. 12 (2023): 9811. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su15129811.

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Understanding the impact of land use/land cover (LULC) change on hydrology is the key to sustainable water resource management. In this study, we used the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) to evaluate the impact of LULC change on the runoff in the Rur basin, Germany. The SWAT model was calibrated against the observed data of stream flow and runoff at three sites (Stah, Linnich, and Monschau) between 2000 and 2010 and validated between 2011 and 2015. The performance of the hydrological model was assessed by using statistical parameters such as the coefficient of determination (R2), p-value,

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Zhang, Qifei, Yaning Chen, Zhi Li, et al. "Recent Changes in Water Discharge in Snow and Glacier Melt-Dominated Rivers in the Tienshan Mountains, Central Asia." Remote Sensing 12, no. 17 (2020): 2704. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs12172704.

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Global warming has generally led to changes in river runoffs fed by snow and glacier meltwater in mountain ranges. The runoff of the Aksu River, which originates in the Southern Tienshan Mountains, exhibited a positive trend during 1979–2002, but this trend reversed during 2002–2015. Through a comprehensive analysis, this study aims to estimate potential reasons for changes in the runoff of its two contrasting headwaters: the Toxkan and Kumalak Rivers, based on climatic data, the altitude of the 0 °C isotherm, glacier mass balance (GMB), snow cover area (SCA), snow depth (SD) and the sensitivi

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Kidron, Giora J. "Sink plot for runoff measurements on semi-flat terrains: preliminary data and their potential hydrological and ecological implications." Journal of Hydrology and Hydromechanics 62, no. 4 (2014): 303–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/johh-2014-0032.

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Abstract In arid and semiarid regions where water is the main limiting factor, water redistribution is regarded as an important hydrological process of great ecological value. By providing additional water to certain loci, moist pockets of great productivity are formed, characterized by high plant biomass and biological activity. These moist pockets are often a result of runon. Yet, although runoff may take place on semi-flat undulating surfaces, runoff measurements are thus far confined to slopes, where a sufficient gradient facilitates downslope water harvesting. On undulating surfaces of mo

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Soulié, Tanguy, Francesca Vidussi, Justine Courboulès, et al. "Simulated terrestrial runoff shifts the metabolic balance of a coastal Mediterranean plankton community towards heterotrophy." Biogeosciences 21, no. 7 (2024): 1887–902. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-1887-2024.

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Abstract. Climate change is projected to increase the frequency and intensity of extreme rainfall events in the Mediterranean region, increasing runoffs of terrestrial matter into coastal waters. To evaluate the consequences of terrestrial runoff for plankton key processes, an in situ mesocosm experiment was conducted for 18 d in the spring of 2021 in the coastal Mediterranean Thau Lagoon. Terrestrial runoff was simulated in replicate mesocosms by adding soil from an adjacent oak forest that had matured in water from the main tributary river of the lagoon. Automated high-frequency monitoring o

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Rahi, Khayyun A., Abdul-Sahib T. Al-Madhhachi, and Safaa N. Al-Hussaini. "Assessment of Surface Water Resources of Eastern Iraq." Hydrology 6, no. 3 (2019): 57. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/hydrology6030057.

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Large amounts of runoff is generated in western Iran and flows into eastern Iraq due to relatively intensive rainstorms along the international border line. Currently, most of this runoff is being wasted by evaporation instead of being stored and preserved for later uses. This paper is an attempt to (1) assess and harness the water resources of eastern Iraq, and (2) propose a storage scheme to use the harvested water in the water shortage times. The runoff of eight catchment areas (Mandali, Qazania, Tursaq, Mirzabad, Galal Badra, al-Chabbab, al-Teeb, and Dwaireeg) is estimated using regression

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Munier, S., H. Palanisamy, P. Maisongrande, A. Cazenave, and E. F. Wood. "Global runoff over 1993–2009 estimated from coupled land-ocean-atmosphere water budgets and its relation with climate variability." Hydrology and Earth System Sciences Discussions 9, no. 4 (2012): 4633–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/hessd-9-4633-2012.

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Abstract. Whether the global runoff (or freshwater discharge from land to the ocean) is currently increasing and the global water cycle is intensifying is still a controversial issue. Here we compute land-atmosphere and ocean-atmosphere water budgets and derive two independent estimates of the global runoff over the period 1993–2009. Water storage variations in the land, ocean and atmosphere reservoirs are estimated from different types of datasets: atmospheric reanalyses, land surface models, satellite altimetry and in situ ocean temperature data (the difference between altimetry based global

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Munier, S., H. Palanisamy, P. Maisongrande, A. Cazenave, and E. F. Wood. "Global runoff anomalies over 1993–2009 estimated from coupled Land–Ocean–Atmosphere water budgets and its relation with climate variability." Hydrology and Earth System Sciences 16, no. 10 (2012): 3647–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/hess-16-3647-2012.

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Abstract. Whether the global runoff (or freshwater discharge from land to the ocean) is currently increasing and the global water cycle is intensifying is still a controversial issue. Here we compute land–atmosphere and ocean–atmosphere water budgets and derive two independent estimates of the global runoff over the period 1993–2009. Water storage variations in the land, ocean and atmosphere reservoirs are estimated from different types of data sets: atmospheric reanalyses, land surface models, satellite altimetry and in situ ocean temperature data (the difference between altimetry based globa

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Wang, Shuyang, Meiping Sun, Guoyu Wang, et al. "Simulation and Reconstruction of Runoff in the High-Cold Mountains Area Based on Multiple Machine Learning Models." Water 15, no. 18 (2023): 3222. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w15183222.

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Runoff from the high-cold mountains area (HCMA) is the most important water resource in the arid zone, and its accurate forecasting is key to the scientific management of water resources downstream of the basin. Constrained by the scarcity of meteorological and hydrological stations in the HCMA and the inconsistency of the observed time series, the simulation and reconstruction of mountain runoff have always been a focus of cold region hydrological research. Based on the runoff observations of the Yurungkash and Kalakash Rivers, the upstream tributaries of the Hotan River on the northern slope

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Wang, G. Q., X. L. Yan, J. Y. Zhang, et al. "Detecting evolution trends in the recorded runoffs from the major rivers in China during 1950–2010." Journal of Water and Climate Change 4, no. 3 (2013): 252–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wcc.2013.021.

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Evolution trends as well as abrupt changes in recorded runoffs from the major rivers in China during 1950–2010 were investigated using the Mann–Kendall test and ordered clustering analysis. Results show that the recorded runoff series at ten key hydrometric stations on the major rivers in China are characterized by a general decreasing trend. A significant decrease has occurred at six stations: Yichang, Huayuankou, Guantai, Shixiali, Tieling and Haerbin stations, which are located on the northern major rivers. Abrupt changes in runoff series are detectable for the Yellow River (1986), the Hai

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Aoun, Joelle, Konstantinos Apostoleris, Basil Psarianos, and Elias Choueiri. "Operational and Safety Performance Investigation of Skew Superelevation Runoff." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 2638, no. 1 (2017): 35–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.3141/2638-05.

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Hydroplaning and the corresponding hydroplaning speed of a vehicle are critical road safety concerns. To avoid hydroplaning, nine technical measures are available. One of the most effective is the construction of skew superelevation runoff at the critical pavement section of a highway, especially in highway rehabilitation and reconstruction projects. The concept was introduced in the German RAS-L design guide of 1984; its implementation is found mainly in central European countries. Skew superelevation runoff was adopted in recent freeway projects, some of which are reconstructions of existing

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Hernández-Guzmán, Rafael, and Norma Leticia Onchi-Ramuco. "Estimating surface runoff using the curve number method in an ungauged watershed in Jalisco, Mexico evaluating its morphometric parameters." Earth Sciences Research Journal 26, no. 4 (2023): 313–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.15446/esrj.v26n4.99194.

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The surface runoff was estimated using the curve number (CN) method for different storm events and it was associated with the morphometric parameters of an ungauged watershed in Jalisco, México. The land use and land cover map from 2019 was derived from the unsupervised classification of a Sentinel-2 image at 10 m resolution. The morphometric analysis revealed that the study area is dominated by areas of gentle slope and moderate to high permeability with dense vegetation and low relief. It is a well-drained watershed with low flood potentiality as well as a groundwater potential zone. About 6

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Shalini Oogathoo, Shiv O. Prasher, Ramesh P. Rudra, and Ramanbhai M. Patel. "Evaluation of the MIKE SHE Model in a Cold Region." Journal of Agricultural Engineering (India) 48, no. 1 (2024): 26–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.52151/jae2011481.1430.

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Given its rapid urbanization, the Canagagigue Creek watershed, located in Grand River Basin (Ontario, Canada), is subjected to shifting hydrological patterns. Consequently, surface runoff was simulated using a watershed-scale model MIKE SHE. The model was calibrated with four years of data and validated with another four years data. Satisfactory levels of overall correlation (R2) between monitored and model-simulated monthly runoff were: 0.87 and 0.77 for the calibration and validation periods, respectively. Corresponding values of the Nash-Sutcliffe coefficient, 0.86 and 0.75, were similar. T

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Laskowski, Norbert, and Jacek Kurnatowski. "The usability of the Nash cascade-submerged cascade rainfall-runoff model with regard to other conceptual models." Geology, Geophysics and Environment 50, no. 3 (2024): 295–306. https://doi.org/10.7494/geol.2024.50.3.295.

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Conceptual hydrological models are an effective tool used to forecast runoff from catchments and assess changes in catchment dynamics. The article presents a modified concept of the Diskin parallel cascade model, with the replacement of one of the cascades with the submerged cascade model – the Nash cascade-submerged cascade model (NCSC2). Considering a watershed as a system where total runoff is determined by amounts of both surface and subsurface runoffs, the use of different model structures as surface and subsurface runoffs is reasonable. Adopting 13 different objective functions, the comp

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Yao, Ruzhen, Shenghai Li, and Deliang Chen. "Runoff Response to Climate in Two River Basins Supplied by Small Glacier Meltwater in Southern and Northern Tibetan Plateau." Atmosphere 14, no. 4 (2023): 711. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/atmos14040711.

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The Tibetan Plateau (TP) has experienced amplified warming in recent decades, causing glaciers to melt and affecting river runoff. It is well established that the southern and northern areas of the TP have responded to climate changes differently, with the north dominated by a westerly climate and the south by the Indian monsoon. While there are more glaciers in the TP than in any other region outside the polar areas, most of these glaciers are tiny, and only a limited number of them have been monitored to study mass balance and downward runoff. This study used the mass balance measured at two

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Kobus, Szymon. "Rainfall-Runoff Parameter Estimation from Ungauged Flat Afforested Catchments Using the NRCS-CN Method." Water 16, no. 9 (2024): 1247. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w16091247.

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Of the numerous methods applied in rainfall-runoff models, the most common is the NRCS-CN method that is applied to calculate raised-water runoffs and compare them with the runoff values measured for 12 selected rainfall-runoff events. This study was conducted on three experimental forest catchments with an area ranging from 67.6 to 747 ha. Total rainfall values ranging from 22.2 to 84.1 mm were analysed. Relatively low effective rainfall values were obtained for the lowest average for catchment 1 (Pe = 0.23 mm) and the runoff coefficient (α = 0.40%) and for the highest average for catchment 3

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Guo, Haixia, Geng Sun, Fusun Shi, et al. "Water, soil and nutrient losses caused by Wenchuan Earthquake: a case study in Pengzhou." Water Science and Technology 68, no. 5 (2013): 1055–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2013.343.

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Wenchuan Earthquake triggered a large number of geological hazards, dramatically stimulating soil erosion. This study was carried out in Pengzhou County, Sichuan Province. By comparison of sediment, runoff and nutrient losses in earthquake-damaged forests (EF) and unaffected forests (UF), the actual status of soil erosion after the Wenchuan Earthquake was investigated by runoff plots. Results showed that water and soil losses were dramatically increased after earthquake. During the study period (from August to November 2010), UF runoffs were 19.26, 36.76, 10.68 and 7.51 L m−2, while total runo

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Daverede, I. C., A. N. Kravchenko, R. G. Hoeft, et al. "Phosphorus Runoff." Journal of Environment Quality 32, no. 4 (2003): 1436. http://dx.doi.org/10.2134/jeq2003.1436.

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Funaki, Brian. "CTA Runoff." Seminars in Interventional Radiology 25, no. 03 (2008): 323–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0028-1085933.

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Jeong, Dong-Guk, and Beom-Hui Lee. "Urban Watershed Runoff Analysis Using Urban Runoff Models." Journal of Korea Water Resources Association 36, no. 1 (2003): 75–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.3741/jkwra.2003.36.1.075.

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