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Littérature scientifique sur le sujet « Seabed mapping »

Auteur : Grafiati

Publié le 1 avril 2023

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Articles de revues sur le sujet "Seabed mapping"

Gordon, Angus D. « Offshore Sydney Seabed Mapping ». Journal of Coastal Research 101, sp1 (26 août 2020) : 116. http://dx.doi.org/10.2112/jcr-si101-024.1.

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Smith Menandro, Pedro, et Alex Cardoso Bastos. « Seabed Mapping : A Brief History from Meaningful Words ». Geosciences 10, n^o 7 (16 juillet 2020) : 273. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/geosciences10070273.

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Over the last few centuries, mapping the ocean seabed has been a major challenge for marine geoscientists. Knowledge of seabed bathymetry and morphology has significantly impacted our understanding of our planet dynamics. The history and scientific trends of seabed mapping can be assessed by data mining prior studies. Here, we have mined the scientific literature using the keyword “seabed mapping” to investigate and provide the evolution of mapping methods and emphasize the main trends and challenges over the last 90 years. An increase in related scientific production was observed in the beginning of the 1970s, together with an increased interest in new mapping technologies. The last two decades have revealed major shift in ocean mapping. Besides the range of applications for seabed mapping, terms like habitat mapping and concepts of seabed classification and backscatter began to appear. This follows the trend of investments in research, science, and technology but is mainly related to national and international demands regarding defining that country’s exclusive economic zone, the interest in marine mineral and renewable energy resources, the need for spatial planning, and the scientific challenge of understanding climate variability. The future of seabed mapping brings high expectations, considering that this is one of the main research and development themes for the United Nations Decade of the Oceans. We may expect a new higher resolution ocean seafloor map that might be as influential as The Floor of the Oceans map.

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PANDIAN, P. K., J. P. RUSCOE, M. SHIELDS, J. C. SIDE, R. E. HARRIS, S. A. KERR et C. R. BULLEN. « Seabed habitat mapping techniques : an overview of the performance of various systems ». Mediterranean Marine Science 10, n^o 2 (2 décembre 2009) : 29. http://dx.doi.org/10.12681/mms.107.

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Seabed mapping has become vital for effective management of marine resources. An important role in moving towards ecosystem based management is played by the defining and understanding of the relationships among marine habitat characteristics, species distribution and human activities. Mapping seabed characteristics by means of remote acoustic sensing, using seabed seismic profiling, sidescan sonar, or echo-sounder based classification systems, is becoming of increasing importance. This paper gives a brief overview of existing marine habitat mapping technologies and their recent developments. In singlebeam echo-sounders, using multiple frequencies will be useful in classifying the seabed. It must be observed that the resolution of a sidescan sonar with narrower along-track beam width and higher range sampling rates will be better than a multi-beam echo-sounder, although the specifications of the newer systems are much improved. Airborne LIDAR bathymetry is very useful for shallow water seabed mapping, particularly in challenging rocky areas vulnerable for ship-based mapping operations. Seabed maps are essential in any case for siting of bottom mounted energy devices. The utmost care should be taken at all stages of the classification process, such as input data, control of interfering factors, seabed acoustic attributes, classification methods and ground-truth observations.

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Blondel, Philippe. « Ultrasound in oceanography and seabed mapping ». Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 152, n^o 4 (octobre 2022) : A31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/10.0015437.

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The scientific achievements of Paul Langevin are numerous and far-reaching. In the 150th anniversary of his birth, we look at one of his early contributions, forged in the heat and pressure of World War I. For most historians of science, Paul Langevin is the creator of sonars, and this opened a totally new window onto our world. In their first century of use, sonars quickly spread throughout the world, revealing the depths of the oceans, the complexities of marine life and the richness of oceanography. In the last decades, their capabilities were greatly augmented with the use of new materials and new techniques, from photographic techniques to computers and Artificial Intelligence. The early innovations of Paul Langevin enabled new fields of science, and this talk will explore the physics as well as the links between research, industry and governments that made these advances possible. François Rabelais, the French Renaissance humanist, wrote that “Science without conscience is only ruin of the soul,” and the life of Paul Langevin fully illustrated this sentence. This first century of ultrasound in oceanography and seabed mapping has lessons for future efforts in research efforts and its applications throughout the world, especially as oceans are crucial to climate changes.

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Kenny, A. J., I. Cato, M. Desprez, G. Fader, R. T. E. Schüttenhelm et J. Side. « An overview of seabed-mapping technologies in the context of marine habitat classification☆ ». ICES Journal of Marine Science 60, n^o 2 (1 janvier 2003) : 411–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1054-3139(03)00006-7.

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Abstract A wide range of seabed-mapping technologies is reviewed in respect to their effectiveness in discriminating benthic habitats at different spatial scales. Of the seabed attributes considered important in controlling the benthic community of marine sands and gravel, sediment grain size, porosity or shear strength, and sediment dynamics were highlighted as the most important. Whilst no one mapping system can quantify all these attributes at the same time, some may be estimated by skilful interpretation of the remotely sensed data. For example, seabed processes or features, such as bedform migration, scour, slope failure, and gas venting are readily detectable by many of the mapping systems, and these characteristics in turn can be used to assist a habitat classification (and monitoring) of the seabed. We tabulate the relationship between “rapid” continental shelf sedimentological processes, the seabed attributes affecting these processes, and the most suitable mapping system to employ for their detection at different spatial scales.

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Valentine, Page C., Guy R. Cochrane et Kathryn M. Scanlon. « Mapping the Seabed and Habitats in National Marine Sanctuaries—Examples from the East, Gulf and West Coasts ». Marine Technology Society Journal 37, n^o 1 (1 mars 2003) : 10–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.4031/002533203787537465.

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The National Marine Sanctuary System requires seabed and habitat maps to serve as a basis for managing sanctuary resources and for conducting research. NOAA, the agency that manages the sanctuaries, and the USGS have conducted mapping projects in three sanctuaries (Stellwagen Bank NMS, Flower Garden Banks NMS, and Channel Islands NMS) with an emphasis on collaboration of geologists and biologists from the two agencies and from academic institutions. Mapping of seabed habitats is a developing field that requires the integration of geologic and biologic studies and the use of swath imaging techniques such as multibeam and sidescan sonar. Major products of swath mapping are shaded-relief topographic imagery which shows seabed features in great detail, and backscatter imagery which provides an indication of the types of materials that constitute the seabed. Sea floor images provide an excellent basis for conducting the groundtruthing studies (using video, photo, and sampling techniques) that are required to collect the data necessary for making meaningful interpretative maps of the seabed. The compilation of interpretive maps showing seabed environments and habitats also requires the development of a sea floor classification system that will be a basis for comparing, managing, and researching characteristic areas of the seabed. Seabed maps of the sanctuaries are proving useful for management and research decisions that address commercial and recreational fishing, habitat disturbance, engineering projects, tourism, and cultural resources.

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Whiteway, Tanya, Andrew Heap, Tara Anderson et Rachel Przeslawski. « Marine mapping survey reveals broad-scale seabed environments of remote offshore basins in Western Australia ». APPEA Journal 50, n^o 2 (2010) : 730. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/aj09094.

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Between October 2008 and January 2009, Geoscience Australia conducted a marine mapping survey to document the seabed environments and subsurface geology of the Zeewyck, Houtman, Exmouth sub-basins and the deep-water Wallaby (Cuvier) Plateau, Western Australia. The seabed mapping survey, the second and largest mapping survey of the Federal Government’s Offshore Energy Security Program, documented seabed environments and biota from multibeam sonar and sub-bottom profiler data, towed video footage and physical samples. Preliminary analysis of the data indicates that for all of the sub-basins the seabed is comprised of carbonate mud that supports relatively sparse infaunal populations. Rocky substrates, principally in the numerous submarine canyons, supported sparse communities of sessile organisms. Interestingly, some of these hard-grounds were associated with volcanic (basaltic) peaks on the upper slope that attain 200 metres above the surrounding seabed. Data collected from the survey are being analysed in conjunction with existing environmental data to establish a series of environmental summaries that describe the key seabed habitats and biota for the offshore basins. The environmental summaries are being made available to support future acreage release in the sub-basins. The marine mapping survey was run in combination with a regional 2D seismic survey of the same offshore basins, also completed as part of the Offshore Energy Security Program.

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Misiuk, Benjamin, Vincent Lecours et Trevor Bell. « A multiscale approach to mapping seabed sediments ». PLOS ONE 13, n^o 2 (28 février 2018) : e0193647. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0193647.

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Hughes Clarke, John E., Anand Hiroji, Glen Rice, Fabio Sacchetti et Vera Quinlan. « Regional seabed backscatter mapping using multiple frequencies ». Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 141, n^o 5 (mai 2017) : 3948. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/1.4988963.

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Guinan, J., C. McKeon, E. O'Keeffe, X. Monteys, F. Sacchetti, M. Coughlan et C. Nic Aonghusa. « INFOMAR data supports offshore energy development and marine spatial planning in the Irish offshore via the EMODnet Geology portal ». Quarterly Journal of Engineering Geology and Hydrogeology 54, n^o 1 (24 juillet 2020) : qjegh2020–033. http://dx.doi.org/10.1144/qjegh2020-033.

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The characterization of the seafloor is a fundamental first step in informing resource management, marine spatial planning, conservation, fisheries, industry and research. Integrated Mapping for the Sustainable Development of Ireland's Marine Resource (INFOMAR), Ireland's national seabed mapping programme, delivers freely available, high-resolution seabed imagery derived from multibeam echosounder data in the Irish Exclusive Economic Zone. The European Union established the European Marine Observation and Data Network (EMODnet) Geology data portal, which provides harmonized broad-scale seabed substrate information for all European seas and confidence assessments of the information that underpins the geological interpretations. A multi-scale product has been produced using INFOMAR's high-resolution seabed substrate information at the 1:50 000 scale. As part of the Supporting Implementation of Maritime Spatial Planning in the Celtic Seas project, the EMODnet Geology seabed substrate data portal assisted in addressing the challenges associated with the implementation of the European Union's Marine Spatial Planning Directive. The seabed substrate data in the EMODnet Geology data portal were identified as a valuable tool for guiding the selection of sites for offshore wind farms in the Irish Sea and their subsequent characterization. This paper outlines the approach to delivering a multi-scale seabed substrate dataset for the Irish offshore and its applicability to marine spatial planning and the development of offshore energy resources.Thematic collection: This article is part of the Mapping the Geology and Topography of the European Seas (EMODnet) collection available at: https://www.lyellcollection.org/cc/EMODnet

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Thèses sur le sujet "Seabed mapping"

Swadi, Ghedhban. « A study of prediction in seabed mapping ». Thesis, Cardiff Metropolitan University, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10369/2562.

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The aim of this research is to investigate the use of the modern prediction algorithms in seabed mapping. These prediction algorithms can be used in enhancing the quality of the measured bathymetric data to help in filtering the measured data and excluding noise from actual data to ensure higher seabed mapping accuracy for more secure navigation. The work involves the development of a general purpose sonar simulation platform to generate the required data for testing the different prediction algorithms. The simulation platform consists of a seabed simulator and an interferometric sonar simulator for bathymetric measurements. Two methods of building the seabed simulator have been investigated and applied; the fractal geometry based method and the random generator based method. The interferometric sonar simulator is based on SAS (Synthetic Aperture Sonar) which is a widely accepted modern technology. The predictors investigated in this work are based on KNN (K Nearest Neighbours) and dynamic ANN (Artificial Neural Networks). Both dynamic feedforward and dynamic recurrent networks are investigated. The comparison between the performances of these different predictors reveals that dynamic recurrent networks outperform the other types of predictors and the Nonlinear AutoRegressive eXogenous (NARX) Neural Network is the best.

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Petit, Tristan. « Caractérisation des fonds marins et estimation bathymétrique par inversion de modèle de transfert radiatif : application à l'imagerie hyperspectrale en milieu coralien ». Thesis, Brest, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017BRES0023/document.

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L’imagerie hyperspectrale aéroportée constitue un candidat potentiel pour la cartographie et le suivi des récifs coralliens à large échelle et à forte résolution spatiale. Dans cette thèse, nous présentons tout d’abord les traitements à appliquer au signal hyperspectral afin d’en extraire des informations sur la nature du fond marin, la bathymétrie et les propriétés optiques de l’eau, et nous les mettons en perspectives devant deux principaux verrous : (i) le faible rapport signal sur bruit du signal mesuré, (ii) le nombre et la variabilité des interactions onde-matière ayant lieu entre l’entrée des rayons lumineux dans l’atmosphère et leur mesure par le capteur hyperspectral. En considérant ces limitations, nous examinons les performances d’une des méthodes existantes de traitement de la colonne d’eau : l’inversion de modèle semi-analytique par optimisation. Nous évaluons d’abord la robustesse des estimations des types de fond et de la bathymétrie pour six paramétrisations du schéma d’inversion. Les résultats sur des images hyperspectrales acquises à l’île de La Réunion en 2009 montrent que la paramétrisation de l’inversion joue un rôle crucial sur la qualité des estimations et que la paramétrisation la plus communément utilisée ne présente pas toujours les meilleures performances. Nous évaluons par la suite l’importance de la précision de la paramétrisation du modèle semi-analytique direct à travers une analyse de sensibilité réalisée sur des données hyperspectrales synthétiques puis sur des données réelles que nous avons acquises en 2015 à La Réunion. L’analyse est en outre effectuée pour toutes les paramétrisations de l’inversion précédemment étudiées. Cette étude montre qu’en milieu récifal l’importance de la précision de la paramétrisation du modèle direct est faible devant le choix de la paramétrisation de l’inversion. Nous montrons en outre qu’il n’est pas possible d’identifier le(s) paramètre(s) du modèle direct le(s) plus influent(s) car cela dépend des concentrations relatives de chacun des éléments optiquement actifs de l’eau
Airborne hyperspectral imaging is a potential candidate for mapping and monitoring coral reefs at large scale and with high spatial resolution. In this thesis, we first present the processing steps to be applied to hyperspectral signals for extracting information about seabed types, bathymetry and water optical properties, and we discuss their efficiency with respect to two main confounding factors: (i) low signal to noise ratio of the measured signals, and (ii) large number and variability of physical interactions occurring between the entrance of sunlight into the atmosphere and its measurement by the hyperspectral sensor. Considering these limitations, we examine the performance of an already existing water column processing method: semi-analytical model inversion by optimization. We first evaluate the robustness of seabed type and bathymetry estimation for six different inversion setups. The results on hyperspectral images acquired over Réunion Island reefs in 2009 show that the choice of the inversion setup plays an important role on the quality of the estimations and that the most widely used inversion setup does not always produce the best results. We then evaluate the importance of the accuracy of the parameterization of the direct semi-analytical model. This is done through a sensitivity analysis performed on both simulated and real hyperspectral data acquired in Réunion Island in 2015. The analysis is performed for each inversion setup previously studied. This study shows that in coral reef context the accuracy of the parameterization of the direct model is less important than the choice of the inversion setup. We also demonstrate that it is not possible to identify the most influent parameters of the direct model because it depends on the relative concentration of each optically active constituent

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Parnum, Iain Michael. « Benthic habitat mapping using multibeam sonar systems ». Thesis, Curtin University, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/1131.

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The aim of this study was to develop and examine the use of backscatter data collected with multibeam sonar (MBS) systems for benthic habitat mapping. Backscatter data were collected from six sites around the Australian coastal zone using the Reson SeaBat 8125 MBS system operating at 455 kHz. Benthic habitats surveyed in this study included: seagrass meadows, rhodolith beds, coral reef, rock, gravel, sand, muddy sand, and mixtures of those habitats. Methods for processing MBS backscatter data were developed for the Coastal Water Habitat Mapping (CWHM) project by a team from the Centre for Marine Science and Technology (CMST). The CMST algorithm calculates the seafloor backscatter strength derived from the peak and integral (or average) intensity of backscattered signals for each beam. The seafloor backscatter strength estimated from the mean value of the integral backscatter intensity was shown in this study to provide an accurate measurement of the actual backscatter strength of the seafloor and its angular dependence. However, the seafloor backscatter strength derived from the peak intensity was found to be overestimated when the sonar insonification area is significantly smaller than the footprint of receive beams, which occurs primarily at oblique angles. The angular dependence of the mean backscatter strength showed distinct differences between hard rough substrates (such as rock and coral reef), seagrass, coarse sediments and fine sediments. The highest backscatter strength was observed not only for the hard and rough substrate, but also for marine vegetation, such as rhodolith and seagrass. The main difference in acoustic backscatter from the different habitats was the mean level, or angle-average backscatter strength. However, additional information can also be obtained from the slope of the angular dependence of backscatter strength.It was shown that the distribution of the backscatter. The shape parameter was shown to relate to the ratio of the insonification area (which can be interpreted as an elementary scattering cell) to the footprint size rather than to the angular dependence of backscatter strength. When this ratio is less than 5, the gamma shape parameter is very similar for different habitats and is nearly linearly proportional to the ratio. Above a ratio of 5, the gamma shape parameter is not significantly dependent on the ratio and there is a noticeable difference in this parameter between different seafloor types. A new approach to producing images of backscatter properties, introduced and referred to as the angle cube method, was developed. The angle cube method uses spatial interpolation to construct a three-dimensional array of backscatter data that is a function of X-Y coordinates and the incidence angle. This allows the spatial visualisation of backscatter properties to be free from artefacts of the angular dependence and provides satisfactory estimates of the backscatter characteristics.Using the angle-average backscatter strength and slope of the angular dependence, derived by the angle cube method, in addition to seafloor terrain parameters, habitat probability and classification maps were produced to show distributions of sand, marine vegetation (e.g. seagrass and rhodolith) and hard substrate (e.g. coral and bedrock) for five different survey areas. Ultimately, this study demonstrated that the combination of high-resolution bathymetry and backscatter strength data, as collected by MBS, is an efficient and cost-effective tool for benthic habitat mapping in costal zones.

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Parnum, Iain Michael. « Benthic habitat mapping using multibeam sonar systems ». Curtin University of Technology, Dept. of Imaging and Applied Physics, Centre for Marine Science and Technology, 2007. http://espace.library.curtin.edu.au:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=18584.

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The aim of this study was to develop and examine the use of backscatter data collected with multibeam sonar (MBS) systems for benthic habitat mapping. Backscatter data were collected from six sites around the Australian coastal zone using the Reson SeaBat 8125 MBS system operating at 455 kHz. Benthic habitats surveyed in this study included: seagrass meadows, rhodolith beds, coral reef, rock, gravel, sand, muddy sand, and mixtures of those habitats. Methods for processing MBS backscatter data were developed for the Coastal Water Habitat Mapping (CWHM) project by a team from the Centre for Marine Science and Technology (CMST). The CMST algorithm calculates the seafloor backscatter strength derived from the peak and integral (or average) intensity of backscattered signals for each beam. The seafloor backscatter strength estimated from the mean value of the integral backscatter intensity was shown in this study to provide an accurate measurement of the actual backscatter strength of the seafloor and its angular dependence. However, the seafloor backscatter strength derived from the peak intensity was found to be overestimated when the sonar insonification area is significantly smaller than the footprint of receive beams, which occurs primarily at oblique angles. The angular dependence of the mean backscatter strength showed distinct differences between hard rough substrates (such as rock and coral reef), seagrass, coarse sediments and fine sediments. The highest backscatter strength was observed not only for the hard and rough substrate, but also for marine vegetation, such as rhodolith and seagrass. The main difference in acoustic backscatter from the different habitats was the mean level, or angle-average backscatter strength. However, additional information can also be obtained from the slope of the angular dependence of backscatter strength.
It was shown that the distribution of the backscatter. The shape parameter was shown to relate to the ratio of the insonification area (which can be interpreted as an elementary scattering cell) to the footprint size rather than to the angular dependence of backscatter strength. When this ratio is less than 5, the gamma shape parameter is very similar for different habitats and is nearly linearly proportional to the ratio. Above a ratio of 5, the gamma shape parameter is not significantly dependent on the ratio and there is a noticeable difference in this parameter between different seafloor types. A new approach to producing images of backscatter properties, introduced and referred to as the angle cube method, was developed. The angle cube method uses spatial interpolation to construct a three-dimensional array of backscatter data that is a function of X-Y coordinates and the incidence angle. This allows the spatial visualisation of backscatter properties to be free from artefacts of the angular dependence and provides satisfactory estimates of the backscatter characteristics.
Using the angle-average backscatter strength and slope of the angular dependence, derived by the angle cube method, in addition to seafloor terrain parameters, habitat probability and classification maps were produced to show distributions of sand, marine vegetation (e.g. seagrass and rhodolith) and hard substrate (e.g. coral and bedrock) for five different survey areas. Ultimately, this study demonstrated that the combination of high-resolution bathymetry and backscatter strength data, as collected by MBS, is an efficient and cost-effective tool for benthic habitat mapping in costal zones.

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Lucieer, VL. « Spatial uncertainty estimation techniques for shallow coastal seabed mapping ». Thesis, 2007. https://eprints.utas.edu.au/1919/1/Lucieer_front_matter.pdf.

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Techniques for seabed habitat mapping have developed considerably over the past 10 years, principally through advances in acoustic technologies and tools for improved spatial analysis. The increasing need for information on the distribution and structure of seabed habitats in coastal waters (< 50 m deep) has developed in Australia due to increasing pressures from development and exploitation. A clear understanding of the uncertainties in creating spatial information from marine data is required within seabed mapping projects, particularly those using acoustic methods that vary in coverage and resolution. This thesis investigates methods to explore spatial uncertainty in the techniques used to characterise shallow water seabed habitats using local and regional scale case studies ranging from interpolation of sediment cores to classifying digital elevation models generated from multi-beam acoustic data. Uncertainties are investigated in a multidiscipliary approach to habitat mapping. Broad-scale and fine-scale mapping of marine seabed habitats can provide considerable information on patterns of physical seafloor structuring and this is now achievable given recent technological advances in echosounders and backscatter analysis, digital underwater video, differential GPS and Geographic Information Systems (GIS). The uncertainties in classifying single beam acoustic data are examined by comparing data visually classified into habitat classes in real time compared to those defined through post-processing in the laboratory. The influence of a range of transect spacings on qualitative knowledge-based interpolation of shallow rocky reef acoustic data is assessed. Parameters of physical reef characteristics from single beam acoustic data are investigated which aid in improving kriging interpolation techniques. A fuzzy classification method is applied to sediment core data collected over 100s of kms in order to map the distribution of unconsolidated sediments. This technique is tested on Australia's SeaScapes data. The SeaScapes layer was recreated with classes derived from an unsupervised fuzzy clustering algorithm. A sensitivity analysis was performed which explores the optimal number of clusters and clearly shows where classes overlap, highlighting confusion and therefore potential classification errors in the data. Conditional simulation was utilised to explore uncertainty in the interpolated data layers and animations produced which provided an advanced way of visualising the surfaces. Image segmentation techniques are applied at various values of splitting and merging thresholds to identify objects in sidescan sonar imagery. Grey Level Co-occurrence Matrices (GLCM) texture measures are integrated with segmentation to identify homogeneous texture regions in an image. The segmentation and object oriented classification provide good classification results in 10-40 m water depth with accuracy values of >80 % when classifying two classes and >60% when classifying three classes. This section of research focuses on the analysis of seabed habitats through the use of algorithmic calculations at multiple scales to quantitatively delineate distinct seabed regions based on texture parameters. The textural characteristics of three habitat classes are explored and tested onsidescan sonar data in two case studies. Segmentation results are validated using underwater video transects and statistical techniques. The classified sidescan acoustic images are spatially characterised using fragmentation statistics. These results are a leap forward providing a methodology and a terminology to describe the distribution of shallow rocky reef, combined with a classified map and an uncertainty map generated by the object oriented technique. Fuzzy classification techniques are used to characterise the two dimensional structure of shallow rocky reefs from multi-beam bathymetric data. The results from two morphometric classification techniques are contrasted and compared. Many physical and biological processes acting on the seabed are highly correlated with bathymetric features, such as ridges and channels. Examples of these include the selection of habitat by many commercially fished species, such as rock lobster, abalone and reef associated fish species. These physical attributes can therefore often be key predictors of habitat uitability, community composition and species distribution and abundance. These methods greatly improve insight into classification and related uncertainties of morphometric classification. There are many potential applications of seabed habitat mapping for which estimates of uncertainty will provide additional crucial information. As habitat mapping becomes more common in Australian coastal waters and datasets build up over time, compatibility between different sets of information will be essential. Monitoring and change detection analysis requires detailed baseline data with uncertainty estimates to ensure that features that display change are reliably detected. The accuracy of marine habitat maps and their associated levels of uncertainty are extremely hard to convey visually or to quantify with existing methodologies. The new techniques developed in this research provide a rigorous alternative to current practices. The methods used in this research integrate existing techniques in a novel way to improve insight into classification and related uncertainty for seabed habitat maps which will progress and improve resource management for Australian coastal waters.

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Yan, Shyh-Bin, et 顏世濱. « Application of side-scan sonar in mapping seabed morphology and coral reefs off LIU-CHIEU YÜ ». Thesis, 2004. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/41350462418560114995.

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碩士
國立中山大學
海洋環境及工程學系研究所
92
About the investigation method of the present situation of coral reef at present, the main choice is scuba diving investigation no matter domestic and foreign countries. Take the coral reef of physical examination in Taiwan as example, divers use transects as basic methods to calculate the coverage rate of coral reef and characteristic of the seabed environment and to survey specific fish and quantity of the invertebrate in order to judge the influence that the human activity causes to the coral reef. In above-mentioned methods can really make full and accurate investigation to the coral reef of monitor area, so the method has already been adopted and walked for many years by the domestic and international relevant organization. But its shortcomings are slower investigating speed and lack accurate fixed position methods, and the divers also have hiding danger. However, some characteristics of side-scan sonar system just can mend the weak points of them. For the speed of investigating, our side-scan sonar''s survey range can reach the belt area of hundred meters wide in both route sides, so it can substantially improve the speed of investigating. For the accuracy of fixed position, the side-scan sonar system match to GPS can obtain certain longitude and latitude of targets（the precision about 10 m）. So, this research is using side-scan sonar system to survey the seabed around LIU-CHIEU YU（the survey area about 2.6 km2）, the steps contain: mapping the distribute condition（sand, mud and rock）of seabed bottom, then identifying growing coral reef of rocky area, final assessing its feasibility by the process and result of survey. The ultimate purpose is an attempt to provide a new method for coral reef survey. The result of study shows: the seabed bottom around LIU-CHIEU YÜ can be divided into several parts by the difference of acoustics reflectivity. Among them, coral reef covers maximum area, and the area can reach to 1,133,670m2（46.4% of effective survey area）. In the part of identifying growing coral reef in the acoustics image, this study compares with optics images of TOV and acoustics images of side-scan sonar to establish the characteristics of growing coral reef in the acoustics image. Among them, the tree-like corals have some characteristics about high backscatter, individual risings, tree-like figures and acoustics shadows, unregulated reflection surfaces and complicated color tones in the reflection surface, but the cover-form reefs do not have tree-like figures and acoustics shadows. Then, using the above-mentioned characteristics to identify survey area seabed shows：The cover area of growing coral reef is 547,438 m2（22.4% of effective survey area）, and the growing coral reef distributes in the southwest, southern and eastern sea area of LIU-CHIEU YÜ. And the optics images of the TOV shows the growth state of growing coral reef in the southeast sea area is superior to the southwest sea area, Finally, assessed by the process and result of this research, basically it is feasible to map the distribute condition of growing coral reef by side-scan sonar system.

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Macmillan-Lawler, M. « Development and application of single beam acoustics and underwater videography in marine benthic habitat assessment and mapping ». Thesis, 2011. https://eprints.utas.edu.au/11715/1/Thesis_Macmillan-Lawler.pdf.

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In marine habitat mapping, single beam echo sounders are widely used to derive information about the geophysical properties of the seabed, while underwater video can provide supplementary information about the physical structure of the seabed and associated marine biological communities. In this thesis, data from both systems are integrated and used to classify seabed habitats. The habitat classification is based on categories within a hierarchical system that is conducive to information from different instruments or collected at different spatial scales. The classification of single beam echo sounder data at different levels of the hierarchical classification is the focus of the first half of the thesis. The first data chapter examines the effect of depth, bottom slope, prevailing weather conditions, and vessel speed on measured acoustic return from the seabed, and the subsequent capacity to classify this data at the substrate level. The following three chapters are case studies that progressively develop techniques for classification of single beam acoustic data at lower levels of the hierarchical classification including identification of soft sediment habitats in commercial scallop fishing grounds; mapping the distribution of urchin barrens on rocky reefs; and detection and mapping of sub-surface giant string kelp, Macrocystis pyrifera. Each of the case studies develops analysis and classification techniques that are applicable for mapping at levels below substrate in the hierarchical classification. At lower levels of the hierarchical classification, biological communities and species distributions are commonly used as habitat descriptors. The second half of this thesis focuses on extracting information from video for the classification of biological communities. In the first of these chapters, methods are compared for extracting estimates of algal cover on temperate rocky reef substrates from towed underwater video. The algal cover data is then used to examine the capacity of a towed video to detect changes in algal community structure at two spatial scales. The following chapter describes the design, construction and evaluation of a stereo video system developed to measure sponge morphological metrics. These metrics are then used to establish a quantitative classification of sponge functional morphology. Differences in sponge functional morphology are examined between sponge communities in two different regions with differences detected in both the composition of functional groups and the size of those functional groups. The thesis presents a framework and methodologies for extracting both physical and biological information from single beam echo sounder and underwater video systems. These methods can easily be incorporated into existing seabed mapping programs, and provide information that will improve our understanding of the spatial distribution of subtidal habitats. This information is directly beneficial to marine resource management, including marine protected area planning and fisheries management, and will allow baseline documentation of habitats for future climate change research.

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Baker, Jack. « Caring for lhuq'us (pyropia spp.) : mapping and remote sensing of Hul'qumi'num culturally important seaweeds in the Salish Sea ». Thesis, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/1828/12149.

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Hul’qumi’num communities on south eastern Vancouver Island have concerns about the status and safety of marine foods potentially impacted by environmental change and the urbanization and industrialization of their territories. Collaborative research undertaken with the Hul’q’umi’num’ Lands and Resources Society is part of a broader effort to revitalize cultural practices, language, and food systems. Lhuq’us (the Hul’q’umi’num’ language term for pohrpyra/pyropia spp. (commonly known as red laver or black gold)) is a flavourful and nutritious intertidal seaweed that grows on rocky beaches across the Pacific Northwest. Hul’q’umi’num’ language, cultural values, teachings, and family histories are all interwoven into the harvesting and consumption of lhuq’us in Hul’qumi’num territories. Lhuq’us is one of the species that have been persistently mentioned in conversations with state regulatory agencies and though these concerns have been raised for at least two decades there has been no systematic monitoring of the species. There are two broad streams of inquiry taken by thesis thesis. The first, employing ethnographic methodology including interviews and observant participation, seeks to both document the cultural values, oral histories, lived experiences associated with lhuq’us as well as concerns for the future collaborators have for lhuq’us and lhuq’us beaches. The second stream, based in a geographic approach, asks whether Unoccupied Aerial Vehicle (UAV) technologies could be employed to record the status of lhuq’us as a baseline for monitoring. Two study sites in the Salish sea were surveyed using UAV techniques: ȾEL,IȽĆ and St’utl’qulus. The overall accuracies of the UAV imagery classifications and the particular accuracies of the class representing lhuq’us suggest that UAV technologies paired with Google Earth Engine (GEE) object based image analysis (OBIA) methodologies can effectively detect lhuq’us. There are serious concerns and cultural values and practices deeply interconnected with culturally important species like lhuq’us. Through holding these concerns and values side by side with systematic observation and analyses maps and materials were created which communities can use to assert their rights, enact their own monitoring of territories and re-prioritize environmental decision-making done by federal, provincial, and municipal management agencies.
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Livres sur le sujet "Seabed mapping"

C, Schwab William, University of California, Berkeley. Dept. of Paleontology. Marine Sciences Group et Geological Survey (U.S.), dir. Generic assessment of steep-slope seabed environments : Identification of sediment cover and evaluation of Swath Sonar Systems for OTEC site mapping. [Reston, Va.?] : U.S. Dept. of the Interior, Geological Survey, 1986.

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Brady, Karl. Warships, U-boats & liners : A guide to shipwrecks mapped in Irish waters by the Irish National Seabed Survey and INFOMAR mapping projects. Dublin : Stationery Office, 2012.

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Vincent, Gaffney, et Fitch Simon, dir. Europe''s Lost Frontiers : Volume 1. Archaeopress Archaeology, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.32028/9781803272689.

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Europe’s Lost Frontiers was the largest directed archaeological research project undertaken in Europe to investigate the inundated landscapes of the Early Holocene North Sea – the area frequently referred to as ‘Doggerland’. Funded through a European Research Council Advanced Grant (project number 670518), the project ran from 2015 to 2021, and involved more than 30 academics, representing institutions spread geographically from Ireland to China. A vast area of the seabed was mapped, and multiple ship expeditions were launched to retrieve sediment cores from the valleys of the lost prehistoric landscapes of the North Sea. This data has now been analysed to provide evidence of how the land was transformed in the face of climate change and rising sea levels. This volume is the first in a series of monographs dedicated to the analysis and interpretation of data generated by the project. As a precursor to the publication of the detailed results, it provides the context of the study and method statements. Later volumes will present the mapping, palaeoenvironment, geomorphology and modelling programmes of Europe’s Lost Frontiers. The results of the project confirm that these landscapes, long held to be inaccessible to archaeology, can be studied directly and provide an archaeological narrative. This data will become increasingly important at a time when contemporary climate change and geo-political crises are pushing development within the North Sea at an unprecedented rate, and when the opportunities to explore this unique, heritage landscape may be significantly limited in the future.

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Chapitres de livres sur le sujet "Seabed mapping"

Scott, Gill, Xavier Monteys, David Hardy, Charise McKeon et Thomas Furey. « Mapping the Seabed ». Dans GEOINFORMATICS for Marine and Coastal Management, 17–42. Taylor & Francis Group, 6000 Broken Sound Parkway NW, Suite 300, Boca Raton, FL 33487-2742 : CRC Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781315181523-3.

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Wu, Ziyin, Fanlin Yang et Yong Tang. « Constructing and Mapping a Seabed DTM ». Dans High-resolution Seafloor Survey and Applications, 163–95. Singapore : Springer Singapore, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-9750-3_7.

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Glittum, Magne, Øivind Heier, Freddy Pøhner et Karstein Vestgård. « Multibeam Echo-sounder System for Seabed Mapping ». Dans Oceanology, 393–99. Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-4205-9_43.

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Kostylev, Vladimir E. « Benthic Habitat Mapping from Seabed Acoustic Surveys : Do Implicit Assumptions Hold ? » Dans Sediments, Morphology and Sedimentary Processes on Continental Shelves, 405–16. Chichester, West Sussex, UK : John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118311172.ch20.

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Kelly, K. M., et G. J. Heald. « Mapping Seabed Variability Using Combined Echosounder and XBPs for Sonar Performance Prediction ». Dans Impact of Littoral Environmental Variability of Acoustic Predictions and Sonar Performance, 99–106. Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-010-0626-2_13.

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Huvenne, Veerle A. I., Andreas Beyer, Henk de Haas, Karine Dekindt, Jean-Pierre Henriet, Maxim Kozachenko, Karine Olu-Le Roy et Andrew J. Wheeler. « The seabed appearance of different coral bank provinces in the Porcupine Seabight, NE Atlantic : results from sidescan sonar and ROV seabed mapping ». Dans Cold-Water Corals and Ecosystems, 535–69. Berlin, Heidelberg : Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/3-540-27673-4_27.

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Cecchi, Enrico, Luigi Piazzi, Michela Ria, Giacomo Marino et Andrea Nicastro. « Coralligenous cliffs in Tuscany : distribution, extension of the habitat and structure of assemblage ». Dans Ninth International Symposium “Monitoring of Mediterranean Coastal Areas : Problems and Measurement Techniques”, 606–10. Florence : Firenze University Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.36253/979-12-215-0030-1.56.

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The present study aims at assessing the distribution and extension of the coralligenous cliffs in Tuscany and describing the structure and the patterns of spatial variability. The mapping of seabed was obtained through Multibeam echosounder data coupled with video images. Coralligenous cliffs were sampled by SCUBA divers in 11 sectors of rocky costs following the STAR procedure. Coralligenous cliffs were present in all study sites, with a total length of about 62.5 km and a total surface of 0.47 km2. The linear extension of the habitat may be estimated about the 20% of Tuscany rocky coast.

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Violante, Crescenzo. « Computer-Aided Geomorphic Seabed Classification and Habitat Mapping at Punta Licosa MPA, Southern Italy ». Dans Computational Science and Its Applications – ICCSA 2020, 681–95. Cham : Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-58802-1_49.

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Barbieri, Loris, Filippo Cucinotta, Alessandro Gallo, Fabio Bruno, Maurizio Muzzupappa, Nadia Penna et Roberto Gaudio. « Design and Simulation of the Hull of a Small-Sized Autonomous Surface Vehicle for Seabed Mapping ». Dans Lecture Notes in Mechanical Engineering, 422–31. Cham : Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-31154-4_36.

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Bajjouk, Touria, Brigitte Guillaumont et Jacques Populus. « Application of airborne imaging spectrometry system data to intertidal seaweed classification and mapping ». Dans Fifteenth International Seaweed Symposium, 463–71. Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-1659-3_67.

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Actes de conférences sur le sujet "Seabed mapping"

Ferguson, James. « Under-ice seabed mapping with AUVs ». Dans OCEANS 2009-EUROPE (OCEANS). IEEE, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/oceanse.2009.5278204.

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Hussong, Donald M., et J. Grant Blackinton. « Echo Mapper, an Air-Transportable Seabed Mapping AUV ». Dans Oceans 2007. IEEE, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/oceans.2007.4449278.

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Rasmussen, Gert Juel. « Challenges and Experience in ROV-based Deepwater Seabed Mapping ». Dans Offshore Technology Conference. Offshore Technology Conference, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.4043/13158-ms.

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Moya, Edgar A. Corzo, et Arthur Ayres Neto. « Side scan sonar images attributes characterization for seabed mapping ». Dans 2015 IEEE/OES Acoustics in Underwater Geosciences Symposium (RIO Acoustics). IEEE, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/rioacoustics.2015.7473586.

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Liu, Yaqin, Yan Liu, Xian Zhu et Yanyu Chen. « Research on Model-Based Signal Localization Processing for Waveguide with Elastic Seabed ». Dans 2022 3rd International Conference on Geology, Mapping and Remote Sensing (ICGMRS). IEEE, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icgmrs55602.2022.9849319.

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Ma, Huadong, Haiying Zhou, Yubo Wen et Ping Wang. « Accuracy Analysis of Interpolation Method for Abrupt Change of Seabed Water Depth ». Dans 2022 3rd International Conference on Geology, Mapping and Remote Sensing (ICGMRS). IEEE, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icgmrs55602.2022.9849371.

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Zhang, Ying, Qile Wang, Hanhao Zhu, Zhigang Chai, Zhiqiang Cui et Fan Yang. « Influence of upslope seabed on low frequency acoustic propagation characteristics in shallow sea ». Dans 2022 3rd International Conference on Geology, Mapping and Remote Sensing (ICGMRS). IEEE, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icgmrs55602.2022.9849281.

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Amate, Laure, et Maria-joao Rendas. « A contribution to the problem of mapping seabed transition zones. » Dans OCEANS 2006. IEEE, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/oceans.2006.307138.

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Thurman, Edward, James Riordan et Daniel Toal. « Automated Optimisation of Simultaneous Multibeam and Sidescan Sonar Seabed Mapping ». Dans OCEANS 2007 - Europe. IEEE, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/oceanse.2007.4302324.

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Holland, C. W., J. Belcourt, S. Dosso et J. Dettmer. « High Resolution Quantitative Seabed Mapping : Exploiting the Frequency-Domain Reflection Coefficient ». Dans 81st EAGE Conference and Exhibition 2019. European Association of Geoscientists & Engineers, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.3997/2214-4609.201901928.

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Rapports d'organisations sur le sujet "Seabed mapping"

Siwabessy, Justy, Maggie Tran, Zhi Huang, Scott Nichol et Ian Atkinson. Mapping and Classification of Darwin Harbour Seabed. Geoscience Australia, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.11636/record.2015.018.

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Yin, P., K. Cao, J. Q. Liu et S. Y. Ye. Seabed mapping : critical needs and potential application in China offshore. Natural Resources Canada/ESS/Scientific and Technical Publishing Services, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/305942.

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Green, S., R. Cooper, M. Lark, D. Dove et H. Stewart. Fit for purpose approaches to seabed mapping ; developing a tool box. Natural Resources Canada/ESS/Scientific and Technical Publishing Services, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/305852.

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Sonnichsen, G. V. Seabed mapping surveys, SW Makkovik Bank, Harrison Bank, NRCAN Expedition Report 2008028. Natural Resources Canada/ESS/Scientific and Technical Publishing Services, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/226154.

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Longo, L. L., F. Z. Malachias et A. C. Bastos. Habitat mapping in Abrolhos inter-reefal inner shelf seabed, Brazilian coast, southwestern Atlantic. Natural Resources Canada/ESS/Scientific and Technical Publishing Services, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/305888.

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Fader, G. B. J., R. O. Miller et B. J. Todd. Geological interpretation of Halifax Harbour, Nova Scotia, Canada. Natural Resources Canada/CMSS/Information Management, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/331504.

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An important part of seabed mapping is understanding the shape of the seabed and the depth of water. Hydrographic charts are produced for this purpose by the Canadian Hydrographic Service. During the final survey stages of the Harbour a new technology called multibeam bathymetry became available for high resolution mapping. This system uses transducers (sound sources) mounted on a ship that produce many independent sound beams and can map a large swath of the seabed at one time covering 100% of the bottom. The images that are produced are computer shaded to look as if the water is drained and you are flying over the area. They are the underwater equivalent of aerial photographs of the adjacent land. Because the information is collected digitally, many different kinds of maps can be produced to show subtle aspects of sediment deposition, erosion, and seabed features. The information can also be displayed using various colour schemes to represent seabed shape and computer generated fly-throughs can be produced. The multibeam bathymetric images nicely complement the other geological data sets.

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Dimitrov, Lyubomir, Bogdan Prodanov, Valentina Doncheva, Dimitar Berov et Ekaterina Trifonova. Seabed Mapping of the Bulgarian Coastal Zone between Sozopol and Tsarevo (Southern Bulgarian Black Sea). "Prof. Marin Drinov" Publishing House of Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, mai 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.7546/crabs.2019.05.11.

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Eamer, J. B. R., C. Stancu, A. Normandeau et D. Didier. R/V Nuliajuk expedition 2022Nuliajuk : seabed mapping and marine geohazards in Grise Fiord, near Ausuittuq, Nunavut. Natural Resources Canada/CMSS/Information Management, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/331219.

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Limoges, A., A. Normandeau, H. Sharpe, G. Philibert, K. Anthony, C. Gillies, Z. MacMillan-Kenny et al. 2021 R/V William-Kennedy : Nunatsiavut Coastal Interactions Project and seabed mapping in Nain, Nunatsiavut, Newfoundland and Labrador. Natural Resources Canada/CMSS/Information Management, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/329513.

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