Littérature scientifique sur le sujet « Sector-specific funding dynamics »

Innovative dynamic molding to reduce development costs of personalized medicine Dr Julien Barthès, Dr Edwin-Joffrey Courtial, and Dr Christophe Marquette of 3Deus Dynamics SAS have raised €2.5 million for the industrialization of its 3D process, to expand internationally and revolutionize personalized medicine with Dynamic Molding. This grant will allow the start-up to deploy its process by setting up a first production line dedicated to the manufacture of customized silicone medical devices. This funding will help the healthcare sector with its mass customization needs thanks to the manufacturing of patient-specific medical devices in silicone with total freedom of design without chemical reformulation or support structure, excellent mechanical fidelity and durability. These Dynamic Molds are exceptionally flexible, allowing them to mimic the mechanics and morphology of native tissue, they arealso waterproof, suturable and perfusable and compatible with the use of medical imaging. They are a responsible alternative to the use of cadavers or animals and allow a return of touch to a specific pathology.

Investment in innovation significantly diverges from typical business expenditures due to the inherent characteristics of Research and Development (R&D), which include high upfront costs, specialized human resources, and considerable uncertainty about the economic returns. Unlike physical assets, the intangible outcomes of R&D have limited collateral value, restricting their suitability for conventional debt financing. This complexity is further exacerbated by informational asymmetry and the risks associated with moral hazard, which inflate external funding costs relative to internal funding options.

Despite the progress in gender equality, women face persistent challenges in their professional careers, especially in educational organizations. Study focuses on academic journey of female researchers, emphasizing systemic disparities, unequal funding opportunities, and challenges in married life. Research aims to examine the discomfort levels among female researchers, particularly concerning harassment and personal questions posed by male supervisors. To highlight systemic disparities affecting academic journey of female researchers, such as unequal funding opportunities and challenges in married life. To examine variability among female researchers, mixed-methods approach was used with descriptive design, including the female researchers from various academic departments in government & private sector universities. Sample comprised 250 respondents from WU Multan, EU Multan, IS Punjab, & Riphah University. Female scholars reported feeling comfortable in conversations with female supervisors, show significance of gender dynamics in mentorship relations. The study underscores necessity of addressing gender-specific obstacles as well as implementing targeted interventions to create equitable & supportive academic environment for female researchers.

The growth of peer-to-peer lending requires robust legal regulations to protect stakeholder rights and facilitate continued economic development in Indonesia through enhanced access to funding. This article seeks to analyze the legal developments surrounding peer-to-peer lending in Indonesia, Singapore, and Australia. Utilizing a doctrinal legal research methodology with a comparative approach, the findings reveal that Singapore and Australia can effectively leverage existing regulations without the need to create new ones, thereby mitigating the risk of legal dissonance. In contrast, while Indonesia has implemented specific regulations for peer-to-peer lending, it has not provided sufficient normative legal protection within this sector and has failed to safeguard the rights guaranteed by those regulations. These findings suggest that a specific regulatory approach may not be the most effective strategy for Indonesia's legal development, thereby contributing to the ongoing discourse surrounding legal advancements in the fintech industry.

This research aims to examine the dynamics of Chinese investment in the Indonesian coal-fired power plant sector during the period 2012-2022. The selection of this timeframe was made to illustrate the differences in Chinese investment policies in the Indonesian coal-fired power plant sector before and after the establishment of the Chinese BRI, as well as the shift in President Xi Jinping's policies from being proactive in investing to wanting to halt investments in this sector. This study utilizes the FDI Theory and Market Deregulation Theory. It employs a descriptive qualitative approach with two sources of data: primary and secondary data through interviews with WALHI and the Ministry of Investment/Indonesia Investment Coordinating Board, official government websites, specific institutional journals, previous literature, books, journal publications, and relevant news articles. The study argues that Chinese investment in the Indonesian coal-fired power plant sector, especially during the period 2012-2022, tends to have negative impacts and leads to a domino effect on economic, social, and environmental dynamics. The destructive nature of coal-fired power plant activities has led to the cessation of Chinese funding in this sector. Consequently, the Indonesian government has been encouraging Chinese and other investors to shift towards investing in renewable energy sources to replace the obsolete use of coal-fired power plants. The ultimate outcome of the research suggests the possibility of a complete transition from the Indonesian coal-fired power plant sector in the future within an undetermined timeframe.

The article presents the results of a study in which projects for obtaining presidential grants were considered as specific indicators of socially significant issues in the subjects of the Russian Federation. The aim of the work was to identify the dynamics of changes in the distribution of applications by thematic directions, as well as to establish the level of correlation between the grant direction and the number of winners. According to the statistical data obtained, there is an increase in the number of participants in the competition for federal funding for projects. Moreover, the most significant directions for financial support are “Healthcare, promotion of a healthy lifestyle”, “Social services, social support, and protection of citizens”, and “Preservation of historical memory”, the share of winners in which is high. It is important to note that this trend can be extrapolated to the regional level, as evidenced by the data from a comparative analysis of the best Russian regions in supporting and developing the local nonprofit sector. Additionally, it is noteworthy that the mathematical calculations did not establish a correlation between the thematic direction and the number of applications for funding, but a strong correlation was found between the number of registered nonprofit organizations in the Russian region and the number of winners.

The article is devoted to the development of methodological tools for budget financing of the agricultural sector of the economy of Ukraine. It is substantiated that the agricultural sector is a basic component of sustainable development of the national economy, a multiplier of general economic growth. The low quality of budget planning was diagnosed, which negatively affected the formation of the system of budget financing of the agricultural sector of the Ukrainian economy. Systemic shortcomings of the financial support of the agricultural sector of the economy from the State Budget of Ukraine identified: repeated adjustment of planned expenditures for the general and especially for the special fund, due to non-fulfillment of planned volumes and untimely budget allocations for the needs of the agricultural sector, lack of continuity the amount of funding for government programs, etc. It is established that agriculture of Ukraine is financed by 2/3 from the general fund of the State budget, from the special - by a third; the main source of funding for other sectors of the agricultural sector is the general fund. The types of models of state regulation of the agricultural sector of the economy in terms of basic features are identified - the type of financial policy, the level of state intervention, targeting, consequences for the market environment, and countries that apply the relevant models. According to this set of features, American and European types of models are distinguished. The type of capital reproduction model in the agrarian sector of Ukraine's economy is diagnosed as an intermediate type (between American and European) with a specific mechanism of financial regulation, in which direct methods of state regulation with appropriate levers and tools are preferred. It is emphasized that the target vector of state support should be positive dynamics in creating added value in the agricultural sector of the economy and stabilizing the financial stability of agricultural enterprises, which will form the basis of expanded capital reproduction and encourage accelerated sustainable development of the agricultural sector. The main directions of budget financing of the agrarian sector of the economy of Ukraine are formed: increase of absolute volume and specific weight in the general expenses of the Consolidated budget of Ukraine at the level of the contribution of the branch to the GDP of the country; improving the quality of budget planning of expenditures, limiting the possibility of adjusting their volumes for the general and special fund; expenditures to support food security and export potential of the agricultural sector of the economy under protected items; ensuring structural changes in favor of the development budget and its formation on a medium-term basis; prohibition of discretion in the financing of state and regional target programs in accordance with the approved passports, specification of these expenditures in accordance with the departmental and program classification, to ensure the transparency of the budget process.

This study investigates the dynamics within entrepreneurial ecosystems, focusing on the influence of venture capital (VC) financing clusters and industry clusters on startup success. VC financing clusters, geographic hubs with intense VC funding activities, and industry clusters, regions with concentrated sector-specific firms, are integral components. Expanding existing research that links proximity to these clusters with successful exits through mergers and acquisitions (M&A), our study includes initial public offerings (IPOs) as a vital exit strategy. Results show that affiliations with venture capitalists in prominent VC financing clusters enhance M&A and IPO success for startups. Intriguingly, startups in industry strongholds exhibit a greater likelihood of M&A success, but, this effect is not seen for IPO exits. Additionally, the absence of startup co-location with venture capitalists in VC financing hubs does not impact IPO exits but hinders M&A success. These nuanced insights highlight the complex relationships within entrepreneurial ecosystems and underscore the need for tailored perspectives considering diverse exit pathways.

The subject area of this study includes the features of the dynamics and structure of the financing of industrial R&D that have developed in the United States over the time period 1929–2019, determined by the institutional features and structural changes in the country’s industrial production. The evolution of industrial R&D financing as a socio-historical process reflects the economic transformations caused by the increased mobilization of financial resources for scientific, technical and innovative development. The purpose of the study is to identify and justify current trends in the evolution of industrial R&D financing in the United States, due to structural changes in industrial production over a long period of time. The results of the studies revealed structural relations of sources of direct funding of industrial R&D in the United States (by main areas) in the “customer– contractor” system, implemented by the public and private research programs. The empirical data obtained generally confirm the theoretical position on the impact of institutional and structural changes observed within the American manufacturing sector over the study period on the evolution of specific R&D financing in terms of increasing their concentration. It also shows the disparity in the territorial allocation of federal funding for industrial R&D in the United States.

Startups play a pivotal role in advancing circular economy transitions and achieving sustainability goals, particularly in emerging economies like UAE. This study examines the contributions of two UAE startups, Careem and El Grocer companies, to innovation, scalability, and sustainability, providing insights into their operational dynamics and challenges. A qualitative research design was employed, incorporating semi-structured interviews, organizational document analysis, and observational data. The thematic analysis revealed key themes, including innovation and agility, sustainability practices, scaling challenges, and external influences. Careem demonstrated agility through its use of data-driven innovation and agile frameworks, enabling successful scaling and impactful sustainability practices via shared transportation models. In contrast, El Grocer faced significant operational inefficiencies and scaling challenges, despite its focus on reducing packaging waste and optimizing delivery logistics. Comparative analysis highlighted Careem’s ability to benefit from supportive policies and external funding, whereas El Grocer struggled with limited access to sector-specific support. The findings emphasize the critical role of scalable innovation and tailored support systems in enabling startups to overcome challenges and achieve systemic sustainability impacts. Recommendations include adopting agile frameworks, leveraging technology for operational efficiency, enhancing policy and funding ecosystems, and fostering collaboration across industries. This study provides valuable insights for startups, policymakers, and ecosystem enablers aiming to foster innovation and sustainability in the startup ecosystem, ultimately accelerating the transition to a resilient and circular economy.

The IDB-9 Agreement asks whether the financial instruments of the Inter-American Development Bank (IDB) are properly aligned with the needs of clients. Before the global financial crisis, the Bank's concern was with the competitiveness of IDB financing; as borrowers gained increased access to global capital markets, the price advantage that IDB had in terms of lower interest rates and higher maturities was often outweighed by the high transaction costs of borrowing from IDB. With the advent of the crisis, the dynamic changed: it was no longer a question of whether there was demand for IDB funding, but whether IDB could provide funding with the speed and at the levels that the crisis dictated. This evaluation examines IDB's lending instruments from both these perspectives. Since 2000 IDB has added a large number of investment instruments in an effort to lower transaction costs and address specific needs of its borrowers. The range of investment lending instruments equals or exceeds that of other multilateral development banks. More recently Management has been working to streamline these instruments and eliminate those that are being only intermittently used: the innovation loan and sector facilities have been discontinued, and the performance-driven loan was allowed to lapse after the pilot period, pending further review and evaluation. The Bank has made significant progress on reducing the time lapse from concept stage to loan approval for all instruments, substantially lowering transaction costs. The story is more problematic with regard to IDB's ability to respond to the needs of borrowers during a crisis. A special instrument created for this purpose met with limited take-up: only five operations were approved, and three of them were cancelled. IDB has recently adopted contingency lending instruments that should allow for a more timely response to economic crises or natural disasters. One tool that IDB still lacks is a viable lending instrument that disburses against the achievement of results.