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Littérature scientifique sur le sujet « SENSORY DEFICTS »

Auteur : Grafiati

Publié le 1 avril 2023

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Articles de revues sur le sujet "SENSORY DEFICTS"

Porciuncula, Franchino, Paula Wasserman, Karen S. Marder et Ashwini K. Rao. « Quantifying Postural Control in Premanifest and Manifest Huntington Disease Using Wearable Sensors ». Neurorehabilitation and Neural Repair 34, n^o 9 (16 juillet 2020) : 771–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1545968320939560.

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Background. Impairments in postural control in Huntington disease (HD) have important consequences for daily functioning. This observational study systematically examined baseline postural control and the effect of sensory attenuation and sensory enhancement on postural control across the spectrum of HD. Methods. Participants (n = 39) included healthy controls and individuals in premanifest (pHD) and manifest stages (mHD) of HD. Using wearable sensors, postural control was assessed according to (1) postural set (sit vs stand), (2) sensory attenuation using clinical test of sensory integration, and (3) sensory enhancement with gaze fixation. Outcomes included sway smoothness, amplitude, and frequency. Results. Based on postural set, pHD reduced postural sway in sitting relative to standing, whereas mHD had pronounced sway in standing and sitting, highlighting a baseline postural deficit. During sensory attenuation, postural control in pHD deteriorated relative to controls when proprioceptive demands were high (eyes closed on foam), whereas mHD had significant deterioration of postural control when proprioception was attenuated (eyes open and closed on foam). Finally, gaze fixation improved sway smoothness, amplitude, and frequency in pHD; however, no benefit was observed in mHD. Conclusions. Systematic examination of postural control revealed a fundamental postural deficit in mHD, which further deteriorates when proprioception is challenged. Meanwhile, postural deficits in pHD are detectable when proprioceptive challenge is high. Sensory enhancing strategies using gaze fixation to benefit posture may be useful when introduced well before motor diagnosis. These findings encourage further examination of wearable sensors as part of routine clinical assessments in HD.

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Mirkovic, Bojana, et Dejan Popovic. « Prosthetic hand sensor placement : Analysis of touch perception during the grasp ». Serbian Journal of Electrical Engineering 11, n^o 1 (2014) : 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/sjee131004001m.

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Humans rely on their hands to perform everyday tasks. The hand is used as a tool, but also as the interface to ?sense? the world. Current prosthetic hands are based on sophisticated multi-fingered structures, and include many sensors which counterpart natural proprioceptors and exteroceptors. The sensory information is used for control, but not sent to the user of the hand (amputee). Grasping without sensing is not good enough. This research is part of the development of the sensing interface for amputees, specifically addressing the analysis of human perception while grasping. The goal is to determine the small number of preferred positions of sensors on the prosthetic hand. This task has previously been approached by trying to replicate a natural sensory system characteristic for healthy humans, resulting in a multitude of redundant sensors and basic inability to make the patient aware of the sensor readings on the subconscious level. We based our artificial perception system on the reported sensations of humans when grasping various objects without seeing the objects (obstructed visual feedback). Subjects, with no known sensory deficits, were asked to report on the touch sensation while grasping. The analysis included objects of various sizes, weights, textures and temperatures. Based on this data we formed a map of the preferred positions for the sensors that is appropriate for five finger human-like robotic hand. The final map was intentionally minimized in size (number of sensors).

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Schonfeld, Ethan, Elan Schonfeld, Casey Aman, Navroop Gill, Dami Kim, Sydney Rabin, Bushraa Shamshuddin, Lloyd Sealey et Ricardo Gabriel Senno. « Lateralized Deficits in Motor, Sensory, and Olfactory Domains in Dementia ». Journal of Alzheimer's Disease 79, n^o 3 (2 février 2021) : 1033–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/jad-201216.

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Background: There exist functional deficits in motor, sensory, and olfactory abilities in dementias. Measures of these deficits have been discussed as potential clinical markers. Objective: We measured the deficit of motor, sensory, and olfactory functions on both the left and right body side, to study potential body lateralizations. Methods: This IRB-approved study (N = 84) performed left/right clinical tests of gross motor (dynamometer test), sensory (Von Frey test), and olfactory (peppermint oil test) ability. The Mini-Mental Status Exam was administered to determine level of dementia; medical and laboratory data were collected. Results: Sensory and olfactory deficits lateralized to the left side of the body, while motor deficits lateralized to the right side. We found clinical correlates of motor lateralization: female, depression, MMSE <15, and diabetes. While clinical correlates of sensory lateralization: use of psychotherapeutic agent, age ≥85, MMSE <15, and male. Lastly, clinical correlates of olfactory lateralization: age <85, number of medications >10, and male. Conclusion: These lateralized deficits in body function can act as early clinical markers for improved diagnosis and treatment. Future research should identify correlates and corresponding therapies to strengthen at-risk areas.

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Wickramasinghe, Neil R., Nicholas D. Clement, Ashish Singh et Daniel E. Porter. « Sarcoma Excision and Pattern of Complicating Sensory Neuropathy ». ISRN Oncology 2014 (24 mars 2014) : 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/168698.

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A potential complication of sarcoma excision surgery is a sensory neurological dysfunction around the surgical scar. This study utilised both objective and subjective sensation assessment modalities, to evaluate 22 patients after sarcoma surgery, for a sensory deficit. 93% had an objective sensory deficit. Light touch is less likely to be damaged than pinprick sensation, and two-point discrimination is significantly reduced around the scar. Results also show that an increased scar size leads to an increased light touch and pinprick deficit and that two-point discriminatory ability around the scar improves as time after surgery elapses. 91% had a subjective deficit, most likely tingling or pain, and numbness was most probable with lower limb sarcomas. Results also demonstrated that there were no significant relationships between any specific subjective and objective deficits. In conclusion, sensory disturbance after sarcoma surgery is common and debilitating. Efforts to minimize scar length are paramount in the prevention of sensory deficit. Sensation may also recover to an extent; thus, sensory reeducation techniques must become an integral aspect of management plans. Finally to obtain a comprehensive assessment of sensory function, both objective and subjective assessment techniques must be utilised.

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Papsin, Blake, et Sharon Cushing. « Cochlear Implants and Children with Vestibular Impairments ». Seminars in Hearing 39, n^o 03 (20 juillet 2018) : 305–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1666820.

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AbstractSensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) in children occurs in 1 to 3% of live births and acquired hearing loss can additionally occur. This sensory deficit has far reaching consequences that have been shown to extend beyond speech and language development. Thankfully there are many therapeutic options that exist for these children with the aim of decreasing the morbidity of their hearing impairment. Of late, focus has shifted beyond speech and language outcomes to the overall performance of children with SNHL in real-world environments. To account for their residual deficits in such environments, clinicians must understand the extent of their sensory impairments. SNHL commonly coexists with other sensory deficits such as vestibular loss. Vestibular impairment is exceedingly common in children with SNHL with nearly half of children exhibiting vestibular end-organ dysfunction. These deficits naturally lead to impairments in balance and delay in motor milestones. However, this additional sensory deficit likely leads to further impairment in the performance of these children. This article focuses on the following:1. Defining the coexistence of vestibular impairment in children with SNHL and cochlear implants.2. Describing screening methods aimed at identifying vestibular dysfunction in children with SNHL.3. Understanding the functional implications of this dual-sensory impairment.4. Exploring possible rehabilitative strategies to minimize the impact of vestibular impairment in children with SNHL

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Caramazza, Alfonso, et Jennifer R. Shelton. « Domain-Specific Knowledge Systems in the Brain : The Animate-Inanimate Distinction ». Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience 10, n^o 1 (janvier 1998) : 1–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/089892998563752.

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We claim that the animate and inanimate conceptual categories represent evolutionarily adapted domain-specific knowledge systems that are subserved by distinct neural mechanisms, thereby allowing for their selective impairment in conditions of brain damage. On this view, (some of) the category-specific deficits that have recently been reported in the cognitive neuropsychological literature—for example, the selective damage or sparing of knowledge about animals—are truly categorical effects. Here, we articulate and defend this thesis against the dominant, reductionist theory of category-specific deficits, which holds that the categorical nature of the deficits is the result of selective damage to noncategorically organized visual or functional semantic subsystems. On the latter view, the sensory/functional dimension provides the fundamental organizing principle of the semantic system. Since, according to the latter theory, sensory and functional properties are differentially important in determining the meaning of the members of different semantic categories, selective damage to the visual or the functional semantic subsystem will result in a category-like deficit. A review of the literature and the results of a new case of category-specific deficit will show that the domain-specific knowledge framework provides a better account of category-specific deficits than the sensory/functional dichotomy theory.

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Sacco, Ralph L., Beverly Diamond, Jonathan E. Aviv, Jeanne Thomson, John H. Martin, Raj Tandon et Lanny G. Close. « Silent Laryngopharyngeal Sensory Deficits after Stroke ». Annals of Otology, Rhinology & ; Laryngology 106, n^o 2 (février 1997) : 87–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/000348949710600201.

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Dysphagia and aspiration are two devastating sequelae of stroke. Recent work has shown that laryngopharyngeal (LP) sensory deficits are associated with aspiration in stroke patients with dysphagia. The phenomenon of silent LP sensory deficits, where the patient exhibits no subjective or objective evidence of dysphagia, yet has an LP sensory deficit, has not been previously described. The aim of this study was to evaluate the sensory capacity of the laryngopharynx in stroke patients who had no subjective or objective complaints of dysphagia. We determined the sensory threshold in the laryngopharynx using air pulse stimulation of the mucosa of the pyriform sinus and aryepiglottic fold. Eighteen stroke patients (mean age 65.6 ± 11.5 years) and 18 age-matched controls were prospectively evaluated. Normal thresholds were defined as <4.0 mm Hg air pulse pressure (APP). Deficits were defined as either a moderate impairment in sensory discrimination thresholds (4.0 to 6.0 mm Hg APP) or a severe sensory impairment (>6.0 mm Hg APP). Stroke patients were followed up for 1 year to determine the incidence of aspiration pneumonia (AP) as verified by chest radiography. In 11 of the stroke patients studied, either unilateral (n = 6) or bilateral (n = 5) severe sensory deficits were identified. The elevations in sensory discrimination thresholds were significantly greater than those in age-matched controls (7.1 ± 0.6 mm Hg APP versus 2.5 mm Hg APP; p < .01, Wilcoxon score). Among patients with unilateral deficits, sensory thresholds were severely elevated in all cases on the affected side compared with the unaffected side (p < .01, Wilcoxon score). Moreover, the sensory thresholds of the unaffected side were not significantly different from those of age-matched controls. Aspiration pneumonia did not occur in the patients with normal LP sensation or in the patients with unilateral severe LP sensory deficits. However, in the 5 patients with bilateral, severe LP sensory deficits, 2 developed AP, both within 3 months of their LP sensory test. The results of this study showed, for the first time, that stroke patients without subjective or objective clinical evidence of dysphagia could have silent LP sensory deficits. These impairments could contribute to the development of AP following stroke. The findings in this study suggest that LP sensory discrimination threshold testing should not be restricted only to patients with clinical dysphagia.

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Imam, Syed A., et M. R. Khan. « TGS Sensors in Electronic Nose for Multimedia Applications : A Practical Approach ». Asia Pacific Business Review 3, n^o 2 (juillet 2007) : 102–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/097324700700300211.

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Multimedia systems are widely used in consumer electronics environments today, where humans can work and communicate through multi-sensory interfaces. Unfortunately smell detection and generation systems are not part of today's multimedia systems. In this paper, we propose an Electronic Nose based on TGS-822 sensors that can be used in a multimedia environment. TGS-822 sensor based electronic nose can detect a large number of Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) that have some smell and will have a significantly lower cost compared to the other detection systems. The results and the calibration graph obtained for three VOCs (i.e. ethanol, acetone and benzene) with varying concentration shows that TGS 822 sensor has the potential to become a reliable instrument and can be used in an electronic nose. Therefore, the accuracy and linearity of the obtained characteristics with higher sensitivity of the proposed electronic nose based on TGS-822 sensor for the detection and determination of volatile organic compounds defines its effectiveness in a multimedia environment.

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Thoma, Lars, Johannes Rentzsch, Katharina Gaudlitz, Nicole Tänzer, Jürgen Gallinat, Norbert Kathmann, Andreas Ströhle et Jens Plag. « P50, N100, and P200 Sensory Gating in Panic Disorder ». Clinical EEG and Neuroscience 51, n^o 5 (9 janvier 2020) : 317–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1550059419899324.

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Panic disorder (PD) has been linked to abnormalities in information processing. However, only little evidence has been published for sensory gating in PD. Sensory gating describes the brain’s ability to exclude stimuli of low relevance from higher level information processing, thereby sustaining efficient cognitive processing. Deficits in sensory gating have been associated with various psychiatric conditions, most prominently schizophrenia. In this case-control event-related potential study, we tested 32 patients with PD and 39 healthy controls in a double click paradigm. Both groups were compared with regard to pre-attentive (P50), early-attentive (N100), and late-attentive (P200) sensory gating indices. Contrary to a hypothesized deficit, PD patients and healthy controls showed no differences in P50, N100 and P200 values. These results suggest that sensory gating seems to be functional across the pre-attentive, early-attentive, and late-attentive time span in this clinical population. Given this consistency across auditory sensory gating indices, further research aiming to clarify information processing deficits in PD should focus on other neurophysiological markers to investigate information processing deficits in PD (eg, P300, error-related negativity or mismatch negativity).

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Kim, Phyo, Michael J. Ebersold, Burton M. Onofrio et Lynn M. Quast. « Surgery of spinal nerve schwannoma ». Journal of Neurosurgery 71, n^o 6 (décembre 1989) : 810–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.3171/jns.1989.71.6.0810.

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✓ When surgically removing a spinal nerve schwannoma, preservation of the involved root is attempted and may be feasible. However, in large tumors, sacrifice of the nerve root is often required to achieve total removal of the tumor, and the resection does not always result in postoperative neurological deficit. The present study was designed to determine the incidence and extent of neurological deficit as correlated with resection of the root, performed between 1976 and 1987 in 86 cases at the time of total removal of spinal schwannoma. Thirty-one patients underwent sacrifice of a root critical for the function of the upper (C5–T1, 14 cases) or the lower extremities (L3–S1, 17 cases). This report is limited to these 31 cases. Only seven patients (23%) developed detachable motor or sensory deficits postoperatively. All deficits were no more than partial loss of strength or sensation. Fifteen of the 31 patients had large tumors with extradural components, which necessitated sacrifice of the entire motor and sensory radix; however, 11 (76%) of these 15 did not develop any deficits referrable to the involved myotome or dermatome. Six cases showed histological characteristics of “neurofibroma,” with axons intermingled in the tumor, and none developed a postoperative deficit. Preoperative electromyography was performed in 23 cases. Of 13 patients with findings of denervation, five developed deficits after surgery; the other 10 patients showed no evidence of denervation, and none had deficits after surgery. These results indicate that the spinal roots giving origin to schwannoma are frequently nonfunctional at the time of surgery, and risks of causing disabling neurological deficit after sacrificing these roots are small.

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Thèses sur le sujet "SENSORY DEFICTS"

Shankardass, Aditi. « Neurophysiological evidence of sensory and cognitive deficits in dyslexia ». Thesis, University of Sheffield, 2004. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/14482/.

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For those engaged in trying to understand the cause of dyslexia, these are interesting times. There is increasing evidence that dyslexia may result from a deficit in the brain's ability to process general visual and auditory information, which may subsequently contribute to observed language difficulties. While some suggest that this processing deficit is confined to lower perceptual levels, others propose that it extends to higher cognitive levels of attention and learning. So far there is surprisingly little evidence of research wherein both modalities, both processing levels and various stimulus features have been tested in the same set of dyslexics using electrophysiological measures. This was the purpose of this research. In four studies, event related potentials were recorded from dyslexic and control brains during the non-attentive and attentive discrimination of various visual and auditory stimuli. Average dyslexic-control ERP comparisons were made for sensory N 1 and MMN waves in the passive, and cognitive P2, N2 and P3 waves in the active response conditions. Dyslexics had attenuated MMNs during the pre-attentive discrimination of changes in peripheral visual field, auditory frequency and rapid auditory sequences but not auditory duration. Moreover, dyslexics had abnormal P2 or P3 waves during the attentive discrimination of all visual and auditory stimuli. Finally, the previously attenuated MMN to frequency discrimination was enhanced after attentive practice. The feature-specific MMN abnormalities suggest a highly selective, multi-modal, perceptual dysfunction in dyslexics, as predicted by the pan-sensory deficit theory. However, the ubiquitous task-related P2 and P3 abnormalities suggest that their deficits also extend to higher cognitive domains, as predicted by the automatization/cerebellar deficit theory. The subsequent MMN enhancement suggests practice-induced improvements in their perceptual acuity. These findings suggest that dyslexia is a multilevel syndrome: the same dyslexics have problems in both domains: visual and auditory, and at both processing levels: sensory and cognitive.

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Vincent, Jacob Adam. « Sensorimotor Deficits Following Oxaliplatin Chemotherapy ». Wright State University / OhioLINK, 2017. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=wright1496136263522854.

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von, Schlutter Hannah. « A LITERATURE REVIEW OF SENSORY-BASED ALTERATIVE SEATING FOR INDIVIDUALS WITH DISABILITIES ». UKnowledge, 2017. https://uknowledge.uky.edu/edsrc_etds/51.

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The purpose of this review was to determine whether the use of sensory-based alternative seating to increase the appropriate behaviors of individuals with disabilities is an evidence-based practice (EBP). Articles located on this topic were descriptively analyzed, and What Works Clearinghouse (WWC) guidelines were applied to determine each study’s methodological rigor, level of evidence, and whether, taken together, there is enough research to support alternative seating as an EBP. A total of 37 studies of the effects of sensory-based alternative seating on individuals with disabilities were found. These studies included a total of 44 participants, between 3 to 9 years of age. Based on WWC guidelines, six of the 37 studies, or 16%, met standards for rigor, and of those, only one study showed evidence of a positive effect on the target behavior. The results and their implications for teachers/practitioners, and future research are discussed.

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Cooper, Jasmine. « The determination of sensory deficits in children with hemiplegic cerebral palsy / ». Thesis, McGill University, 1992. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=61229.

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Cerebral palsy is a non-progressive disorder associated with brain injury, defect, or disease, of early onset. Emphasis is placed on the more easily observable motor deficits, with any underlying sensory deficits often being overlooked. Existing sensory assessments have either been standardized on an adult population or for a paediatric population without significant neuromotor impairment. Thus, there is a need to formulate a standardized sensory assessment battery that may be used to evaluate physically handicapped children. A review of the literature highlights the necessity to evaluate the presence and extent or sensory dysfunction in school-age hemiplegic children, using a standardized clinical sensory assessment battery, as well as somatosensory evoked potentials.
A reliable sensory battery, which assesses 5 sensory modalities, was formulated and normative data for school-age children was derived. Sensory function was evaluated in 9 hemiplegic children (4-19 years) and 18 healthy age-matched controls. Significant bilateral sensory deficits were documented in hemiplegic children. Thus a sensory assessment should be an integral part of the evaluation of a child with hemiplegia.

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Emerson, Carol S. « Sensory and cognitive processing deficits in anxious depressed children : a neurobehavioral study / ». Diss., This resource online, 1996. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-09192008-063149/.

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Shunk, Adam W. « Standardized sensory and motor differences in individuals diagnosed with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder ». Virtual Press, 2007. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/1379129.

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Previous research has identified motor deficits within the ADHD population, and indicates that these individuals are at an increased risk for difficulties relating to their motor development. The present study, which utilized discriminant function analysis, was unable to document areas of motor impairment for individuals diagnosed with ADHD. Specifically, no evidence of motor impairment was identified on tasks of motor coordination, fine motor dexterity, motor speed and grip strength, which measures the integrity of the motor system at the basic output level. Interestingly, results identified that individuals with ADHD were more proficient in their motor abilities than the normative population. Two mitigating factors were controlled for in this study and were found to impact performance on motor tasks. First, higher level thinking skills such as verbal comprehension, attention control, cognitive sequencing, working memory and executive functions appear to be more responsible for documented performance deficits than an underlying motor deficit. Secondly, the high prevalence of comorbid psychiatric and medical disorders, inherent to the ADHD population, appears to negatively impact performance on motor tasks. In general, individuals with only a diagnosis of ADHD consistently outperformed individuals who had been diagnosed with ADHD and comorbid disorders.This study also examined the sensory and subcortical abilities of individuals with ADHD. Results indicate that these children are similar to their same age peers in their visual perception, visual acuity, auditory discrimination and tactile perception. Finally, this study was unable to identify evidence of impairment in the subcortical abilities of ADHD individuals. In fact, individuals with only a diagnosis of ADHD outperformed the control group across a majority of tasks assessing subcortical abilities. Comorbidity also appears to negatively impact performance on sensory and subcortical tasks, especially for individuals with comorbid medical conditions. Overall, results from this study impact the field of research which previously identified motor performance deficits in the ADHD population. Further research is needed to examine the sensory and motor abilities of ADHD individuals to understand the performance abilities of individuals with ADHD.
Department of Educational Psychology

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Kloß, Sebastian. « Simulation-Optimization of the Management of Sensor-Based Deficit Irrigation Systems ». Doctoral thesis, Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2016. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:14-qucosa-188762.

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Current research concentrates on ways to investigate and improve water productivity (WP), as agriculture is today’s predominant freshwater consumer, averaging at 70% and reaching up to 93% in some regions. A growing world population will require more food and thus more water for cultivation. Regions that are already affected by physical water scarcity and which depend on irrigation for growing crops will face even greater challenges regarding their water supply. Other problems in such regions are a variable water supply, inefficient irrigation practices, and over-pumping of available groundwater resources with other adverse effects on the ecosystem. To face those challenges, strategies are needed that use the available water resources more efficiently and allow farming in a more sustainable way. This work focused on the management of sensor-based deficit irrigation (DI) systems and improvements of WP through a combined approach of simulation-optimization and irrigation experiments. In order to improve irrigation control, a new sensor called pF-meter was employed, which extended the measurement range of the commonly used tensiometers from pF 2.9 to pF 7. The following research questions were raised: (i) Is this approach a suitable strategy to improve WP; (ii) Is the sensor for irrigation control suitable; (iii) Which crop growth models are suitable to be part of that approach; and (iv) Can the combined application with experiments prove an increase of WP? The stochastic simulation-optimization approach allowed deriving parameter values for an optimal irrigation control for sensor-based full and deficit irrigation strategies. Objective was to achieve high WP with high reliability. Parameters for irrigation control included irrigation thresholds of soil-water potentials because of the working principle behind plant transpiration where pressure gradients are transmitted from the air through the plant and into the root zone. Optimal parameter values for full and deficit irrigation strategies were tested in irrigation experiments in containers in a vegetation hall with drip irrigated maize and compared to schedule-based irrigation strategies with regard to WP and water consumption. Observation data from one of the treatments was used afterwards in a simulation study to systematically investigate the parameters for implementing effective setups of DI systems. The combination of simulation-optimization and irrigation experiments proved to be a suitable approach for investigating and improving WP, as well as for deriving optimal parameter values of different irrigation strategies. This was verified in the irrigation experiment and shown through overall high WP, equally high WP between deficit and full irrigation strategies, and achieved water savings. Irrigation thresholds beyond the measurement range of tensiometers are feasible and applicable. The pF-meter performed satisfactorily and is a promising candidate for irrigation control. Suitable crop models for being part of this approach were found and their properties formulated. Factors that define the behavior of DI systems regarding WP and water consumption were investigated and assessed. This research allowed for drawing the first conclusions about the potential range of operations of sensor-based DI systems for achieving high WP with high reliability through its systematical investigation of such systems. However, this study needs validation and is therefore limited with regard to exact values of derived thresholds.

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Cook, Ray Anne. « Sensory processing of learners in the Western Cape diagnosed with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder ». Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/17923.

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Thesis (MOccTher)--Stellenbosch University, 2011.
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Background Temperament and sensory thresholds play an important part in how a person processes sensory information. Because people are differently construed, the way we perceive sensory information and act on the information will differ. Any person who suffers from an ailment or condition that interferes with this process of receiving, interpreting and acting on stimuli from our environments may find this process even harder. Behavioural observations that deviate from the "norm" are often found in children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and sensory processing disorder (SPD). More recent research focused on the relationship between ADHD and SPD. Dunn developed the Sensory Profile Caregiver1 and Sensory Profile School Companion2 (SPSC) measures to identify children’s sensory processing difficulties. Although many studies have been conducted using the Sensory Profile, no studies have been conducted outside the United States of America (USA) to establish whether Dunn’s SPSC will differentiate between children who are considered to be "normal" and those diagnosed with ADHD. Aim The aim of this study was to investigate how learners with ADHD in the Western Cape would perform on Dunn’s Sensory Profile School Companion (SPSC) and the ADHD Rating Scale-IV³ in order to assess the sensory processing problems of learners with ADHD in South Africa (see note end of abstract). Methodology A descriptive study was conducted using a convenience sample (n=108) from learners in the Western Cape between the ages of five and ten years and diagnosed with ADHD. Data collection consisted of a demographical form completed by the parents/legal guardians of the learners, as well as the completion of two questionnaires by the educator of the learners. The first questionnaire, the ADHD Rating Scale-IV, was used to classify the learners into subtypes of ADHD. The second questionnaire was Dunn’s SPSC, which is a teacher-report measure of learners’ responses to sensory input in the school environment. The following statistical analyses were performed: • descriptive statistics to provide means, medians and measurements of dispersion of the learners in the Western Cape on the SPSC; • The Kruskal-Wallis one-way ANOVA probability value to consider if significant differences existed between the medians of the 13 group scores of the SPSC; and • The Welsh T-test to compare learners with ADHD in the Western Cape with SPSC norms and Dunn’s sample of learners with ADHD. Results The results showed that there were significant differences (p=0.000) on all 13 group scores of the SPSC in learners with ADHD in the Western Cape showing significantly more behaviours characterising poorer sensory processing, when compared to Dunn’s normal sample. The comparison to Dunn’s sample of learners with ADHD did not yield significant differences in 11 of the 13 group scores, indicating that learners with ADHD in the Western Cape did not differ from Dunn’s ADHD learners. Avoiding and School Factor 4 showed significant differences, with the Western Cape group showing more extreme behaviours related to sensory input than Dunn’s group. The results using the ADHD Rating Scale-IV were less significant and it was found that the rating scale could not differentiate between the two types of ADHD, although some inferences could be made regarding the use (or not) of medication. There was a significant difference (p < 0.01) on the inattentive, hyperactive-impulsivity and total scores of the ADHD Rating Scale-IV with learners not on medication showing a higher frequency of ADHD behaviours. Conclusion Dunn’s SPSC was found to be a good measure to assess learners with ADHD’s sensory processing problems. The ADHD Rating Scale-IV, on the other hand, could not classify the learners into the subtypes and therefore cannot be used when learners are already using medication. Further investigation is recommended to try to establish a link between the different subtypes of ADHD and the placement of learners on the different quadrants of Dunn’s SPSC as well as the School Factors and Sensory Section Scores.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Agtergrond Temperament en sensoriese drempels speel 'n belangrike rol in die wyse waarop 'n persoon sensoriese inligting verwerk. Omdat mense verskillend is, sal die manier waarop ons sensoriese inligting waarneem en dan daarop reageer, verskil. Enige persoon wat aan 'n kwaal of toestand ly wat inmeng met hierdie proses van hoe sensoriese insette uit die omgewing opgeneem, geïnterpreteer en dan op gereageer word, sal dit moeilik vind. Gedrag wat afwyk van die "norm" word dikwels in kinders met aandagafleibaarheid/hiperaktiwiteitsteuring (AAHS) en sensoriese prosesseringsdisfunksie (SPD) waargeneem. Meer onlangse navorsing fokus op die verhouding tussen AAHS en SPD. Dunn het die Sensory Profile Caregiver4 en die Sensory Profile School Companion5 (SPSC)-skale ontwikkel om kinders se sensoriese prosesseringsprobleme te identifiseer. Alhoewel baie studies gedoen is wat die Sensory Profile gebruik het, is daar geen studies buite die VSA gedoen om te bepaal of Dunn se SPSC tussen kinders wat as normaal beskou word en dié wat met AAHS gediagnoseer is, kan differensiëer nie. Doelstelling Die doel van hierdie studie was om ondersoek in te stel na hoe leerders met AAHS in die Wes- Kaap op Dunn se Sensory Profile School Companion (SPSC) en die ADHD Rating Scale-IV6 sou presteer om die sensoriese prosesserings probleme van leerders met AAHS te assesseer. Metodiek 'n Beskrywende studie is gedoen met 'n gerieflikheidsteekproef (n=108) van leerders tussen die ouderdomme vyf en tien jaar oud in die Wes-Kaap wat met AAHS gediagnoseer is. Datainsameling het bestaan uit 'n demografiese vorm wat deur die ouers/wettige voogde van die leerders ingevul is, sowel as die voltooiing van twee vraelyste deur die opvoeder van die leerders. Die eerste vraelys, die ADHD Rating Scale-IV, is gebruik om die subtipes van AAHS te klassifiseer. Die tweede vraelys was die Sensory Profile School Companion (SPSC) wat 'n meting met behulp van die onderwyser se verslag is wat die leerders se reaksie ten opsigte van sensoriese insette in die skoolomgewing meet. Die tweede vraelys (Dunn se SPSC) is deur onderwysers ingevul ten einde leerders se response op sensoriese insette in die skoolomgewing te bepaal. Die data is aan die volgende ontledings onderwerp: beskrywende statistiek wat die gemiddelde, mediane en metings van die verspreiding van leerders in die Wes-Kaap op die SPSC verskaf; • die Kruskal-Wallis-eenrigting-ANOVA waarskynlikheidswaarde om vas te stel of daar beduidende verskille tussen die mediane van die 13 groeptellings van die SPSC is; en • die Welsh T-Toets om leerders met AAHS in die Wes-Kaap te vergelyk met die SPSCnorme en Dunn se steekproef van leerders met AAHS. Resultate Die resultate het beduidende verskille getoon (p=0.000) op al 13 groeptellings van die SPSC by leerders met AAHS in die Wes-Kaap, wat dui daarop dat hierdie groep aansienlik meer probleme kenmerkend aan sensoriese verwerking toon as wat in Dunn se normale steekproef waargeneem is. Die vergelyking met Dunn se steekproef met AAHS het in 11 van die 13 groeptellings nie beduidende verskille getoon nie wat aandui dat leerders met AAHS in die Wes-Kaap nie veel verskil het van Dunn se AAHS-leerders nie. Avoiding en School Factor 4 het beduidende verskille getoon met leerders in die Wes-Kaapse groep wat meer uiterstes in gedrag getoon het ten opsigte van sensoriese insette as dié van Dunn se groep. Die resultate waar die ADHD Rating Scale gebruik is, was minder beduidend en daar is bevind dat die skaal nie kon differensiëer tussen die twee tipes AAHS nie, alhoewel daar afleidings gemaak kon word ten opsigte van die gebruik (of nie) van medikasie. Daar was 'n beduidende verskil (p < 0.01) in die onoplettende, hiperaktief-impulsiwiteit en totale tellings van die ADHD Rating Scale-IV met leerders nie op medikasie nie, wat 'n hoër frekwensie van AAHS-gedrag getoon het. Slot Daar is bevind dat Dunn se SPSC 'n goeie maatstaf is om die sensoriese verwerkingsprobleme van leerders met AAHS te assesseer. Die ADHD Rating Scale-IV aan die ander kant kon nie die leerders in die verskillende subtipes klassifiseer nie en kan dus nie gebruik word wanneer die leerders reeds medikasie gebruik nie. Verdere ondersoek word aanbeveel in ’n poging om 'n skakel te kry tussen die verskillende subtipes AAHS en die plasing van leerders op die verskillende kwadrante van Dunn se SPSC sowel as die School Factors- en Sensory Section-tellings.

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Krueger, Alexis. « Engineering synthetic feedback to promote recovery of self-feeding skills in people with sensory deficits due to stroke ». Thesis, Marquette University, 2016. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10242494.

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Kinesthesia refers to sensations of limb position and movement, and deficits of upper limb kinesthetic feedback are common after stroke, impairing stroke survivors’ ability to perform the fundamental reaching and stabilization behaviors needed for daily functions like self-feeding. I attempt to mitigate the negative impact of post-stroke kinesthesia deficits by evaluating the utility of vibrotactile sensory substitution to restore closed-loop kinesthetic feedback of the upper limb.

As a first step, this study evaluated performance in healthy individuals during fundamental reaching, stabilization, and tracking behaviors while using supplemental vibrotactile feedback encoding either limb state information or goal-aware error information. First, I determined that performance in reaching and stabilization tasks varies systematically with the amount of limb position and velocity information encoded in limb state feedback and that there is an optimal combination. Next, I compared the utility of optimal limb state to goal-aware error feedback. Both types of feedback reduced error in the reaching and stabilization tasks. Random task-irrelevant sham feedback did not reduce error, demonstrating participants could perceive and understand the information contained within the vibrotactile feedback. Error feedback improved performance more than state feedback; however the relative difficulty of using error feedback outside of a laboratory setting means state feedback should not be discounted. The performance while tracking could not be quantified due to issues with the task design.

As a second step, I performed a series of case studies in five chronic stroke survivors. The stroke survivors all tolerated the vibrotactile feedback well and were able to perceive and understand at least one of the limb state or error feedback encodings. Stroke survivors practiced each information encoding type for one session. During this short period our stroke survivors struggled to integrate visual and vibrotactile inputs and motor control in order to use the vibrotactile information to control the arm. However, two additional practice sessions with error feedback for one participant led to a two thirds reduction in reaching error. These results suggest stroke survivors can learn to use supplemental vibrotactile feedback to enhance control of the contralesional arm.

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Ali, Saima. « Bbs7 and Bbs10 Homozygosity cause Structural and Functional Deficits in Inbred Mouse Olfactory Sensory Neuronal Cilia and Postnatal Lethality ». University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2020. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin159584918365351.

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Livres sur le sujet "SENSORY DEFICTS"

Roseanna, Davidson, dir. Accessing the general education curriculum for students with sensory deficits. New York : Nova Science Publishers, 2004.

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M, Röst Cecile C., et Röst Cecile C. M, dir. Helping hyperactive kids : A sensory integration approach. Alameda, CA : Hunter House Pub., 2006.

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A, Fuller Doris, dir. Sensational kids : Hope and help for children with sensory processing disorder / Lucy Jane Miller with Doris A. Fuller ; foreword by Carol Kranowitz. New York : G.P. Putnam's Sons, 2006.

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Emmons, Polly Godwin. Understanding sensory dysfunction : Learning, development and sensory dysfunction in autism spectrum disorders, ADHD, learning disabilities and bipolar disorder. Philadelphia, PA : Jessica Kingsley Publishers, 2004.

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1961-, Anderson Liz McKendry, dir. Understanding sensory dysfunction : Learning, development and sensory dysfunction in autism spectrum disorders, ADHD, learning disabilities and bipolar disorder. Philadelphia : Jessica Kingsley Publishers, 2005.

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The overtilted child : Creating a sensational classroom for kids with Sensory Processing Disorder, Autism Spectrum Disorders and ADD/ADHD. Scott's Valley, California] : [CreateSpace Independent Publishing Platform], 2013.

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Kranowitz, Carol Stock. The out-of-sync child : Recognizing and coping with sensory processing disorder. New York : Perigee Book, 1998.

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The out-of-sync child : Recognizing and coping with sensory integration dysfunction. New York : Perigee Book, 1998.

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The out-of-sync child : Recognizing and coping with sensory processing disorder. New York : A Skylight Press Book/A Perigee Book, 2005.

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The out-of-sync child has fun : Activities for kids with sensory processing disorder. 2^e éd. New York, N.Y : Perigee Book, 2006.

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Chapitres de livres sur le sujet "SENSORY DEFICTS"

Bedell, Harold E., et Michael T. Ukwade. « Sensory Deficits in Idiopathic Congenital Nystagmus ». Dans Documenta Ophthalmologica Proceedings Series, 251–55. Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-5698-1_44.

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Leonard, Laurence B., et Christine Weber-Fox. « Specific Language Impairment : Processing Deficits in Linguistic, Cognitive, and Sensory Domains ». Dans The Handbook of the Neuropsychology of Language, 826–46. Oxford, UK : Wiley-Blackwell, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118432501.ch40.

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Semere, Alessandro, Yohan Payan, Francis Cannard, Bruno Diot et Nicolas Vuillerme. « Using Sensory Substitution of Median Sensory Deficits in the Traumatized Hand to Develop an Innovative Home-Based Hand Rehabilitation System ». Dans Inclusive Smart Cities and e-Health, 53–63. Cham : Springer International Publishing, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-19312-0_5.

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Sudhakaran, Shaan, et Magdalena Anitescu. « Sensory and Motor Deficit with High Amplitude Stimulation in Spinal Cord Stimulators ». Dans Challenging Cases and Complication Management in Pain Medicine, 323–26. Cham : Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-60072-7_50.

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Morgan, Lynette. « Greenhouse produce quality and assessment. » Dans Hydroponics and protected cultivation : a practical guide, 246–67. Wallingford : CABI, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/9781789244830.0013.

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Abstract 'Quality' of greenhouse and hydroponic produce implies suitability for a particular purpose or the degree to which certain set standards are met. Aspects of produce quality may encompass sensory properties (appearance, texture, taste and aroma), nutritive values, chemical constituents, mechanical properties, functional properties and defects. Quality standards and testing methods have been developed for most commercial crops to help ensure consumers receive produce of a suitable standard. These quality standards can range from basic grading for removal of damaged produce and for size, shape, weight and overall appearance, to analytical testing for compositional factors such as acidity, volatiles, dry matter, starch and sugars, toxins, vitamins and minerals, and others. This chapter discusses the components of crop quality, quality improvement, cultural practices to improve greenhouse produce quality (nutrient solution electrical conductivity levels, salinity and deficit irrigation), environmental conditions (including light and temperature) affecting quality of greenhouse crops, role of genetics in the quality of greenhouse-grown produce, microbial quality and food safety. Different quality testing and grading methods are described such as colour analysis, total soluble solids (Brix) testing, sensory evaluation of compositional quality, volatiles testing (aroma), texture and firmness quality assessment.

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Villarreal, Gerardo, et Michael A. Hunter. « Auditory M50 Sensory Gating Deficit and Superior Temporal Gyrus Pathology in Posttraumatic Stress Disorder ». Dans Comprehensive Guide to Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder, 1–11. Cham : Springer International Publishing, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-08613-2_100-1.

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Mattingley, J. B., et J. Driver. « Distinguishing Sensory and Motor Deficits After Parietal Damage : An Evaluation of Response Selection Biases in Unilateral Neglect ». Dans Parietal Lobe Contributions to Orientation in 3D Space, 309–37. Berlin, Heidelberg : Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-60661-8_18.

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Villarreal, Gerardo, et Michael A. Hunter. « Auditory M50 Sensory Gating Deficit and Superior Temporal Gyrus Pathology in Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder ». Dans Comprehensive Guide to Post-Traumatic Stress Disorders, 1209–21. Cham : Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-08359-9_100.

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Ramasamy, Aruna, Damien Faux, Vincent Hayward, Malika Auvray, Xavier Job et Louise Kirsch. « Human Self-touch vs Other-Touch Resolved by Machine Learning ». Dans Haptics : Science, Technology, Applications, 216–24. Cham : Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-06249-0_25.

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AbstractUsing a database of vibratory signals captured from the index finger of participants performing self-touch or touching another person, we wondered whether these signals contained information that enabled the automatic classification into categories of self-touch and other-touch. The database included signals where the tactile pressure was varied systematically, where the sliding speed was varied systematically, and also where the touching posture were varied systematically. We found that using standard sound feature-extraction, a random forest classifier was able to predict with an accuracy greater than 90% that a signal came from self-touch or from other-touch regardless of the variation of the other factors. This result demonstrates that tactile signals produced during active touch contain latent cues that could play a role in the distinction between touching and being touched and which could have important applications in the creation of artificial worlds, in the study of social interactions, of sensory deficits, or cognitive conditions.

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Actes de conférences sur le sujet "SENSORY DEFICTS"

Coren, Stanley, et A. Ralph Hakstian. « The Screening for Visual Deficts Without the Use of Technical Equipment ». Dans Noninvasive Assessment of the Visual System. Washington, D.C. : Optica Publishing Group, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/navs.1986.ma2.

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Basic researchers have been pursuing genetical and environmental factors that may contribute to sensory deficts for a number of years. Their search has been supported by a steadily accruing body of data which indicates that there are systematic differences in sensory capacities among various subgroups of the population, defined in terms of their race, environmental or occupational history, as well as their nutritional condition, age and medical status. Much of this evidence comes from clinical sources, which indicate the prevalence of various ophthalmological problems which eventually reach a level of severity which requires medical intervention. From the researcher's point of view such data are valuable, however, they are quite limited in that they only consider the more extreme end of the continuum of sensory deficits. When one searches the literature to obtain normative data as to the prevalence of sensory deficits in nonclinical populations, little data are available. There are few large scale surveys of sensory abilities, and even epidemiological studies have little of this data.

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Lee, Kang B., Eugene Y. Song et Peter S. Gu. « A Sensor Model for Enhancement of Manufacturing Equipment Data Interoperability ». Dans ASME 2012 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2012-88726.

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Sensors can provide real-time production information to optimize manufacturing processes in a factory. Recently, more attention has been paid to the application of sensors in smart manufacturing systems. Sensor data exchange, sharing, and interoperability are challenges for manufacturing equipment monitoring in smart manufacturing. Standardized sensor data formats and communication protocols can help to solve these problems. MTConnect is an open, free, extensible protocol for the data exchange between monitoring applications and shop floor devices which include machine tools, sensors, and actuators. This paper introduces a sensor model for MTConnect to enhance manufacturing equipment data interoperability. The sensor model defines a Sensor and SensorChannel, as well as an interface to access the Sensor and its SensorChannels, which include sensing element, calibration, signal conditioning, and analog-to-digital conversion (ADC) information. The sensor model has been implemented in a virtual milling machine with a built-in sensor. Two case studies of MTConnect Probe and Sample requests for sensor information are provided to verify the sensor model.

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Lee, Kang B., Eugene Y. Song et Peter S. Gu. « Integration of MTConnect and Standard-Based Sensor Networks for Manufacturing Equipment Monitoring ». Dans ASME 2012 International Manufacturing Science and Engineering Conference collocated with the 40th North American Manufacturing Research Conference and in participation with the International Conference on Tribology Materials and Processing. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/msec2012-7398.

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MTConnect is an open and extensible protocol designed for the exchange of data between shop floor devices and software applications. MTConnect allows manufacturers to facilitate retrieval of information and data from factory devices, such as machine tools, sensors, and controllers. Currently, MTConnect users read data from sensors through proprietary sensor interfaces using adaptors. The suite of Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) 1451 standards defines a set of open, common communication interfaces for sensor networks, including both sensor interfaces and network interfaces. This paper proposes an integration architecture of MTConnect with IEEE 1451 standard-based sensor networks. In the architecture, MTConnect plays a network interface role in the IEEE 1451 standard-based sensor networks via an MTConnect Agent. An adaptor is used to provide the mapping between the MTConnect Agent and the IEEE 1451 sensor network. A prototype system integrating MTConnect with IEEE 1451.2-based sensor network has been developed. Two case studies are provided to illustrate the integration.

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Tyler, Christopher W. « Specificity of Retinal Function Deficits in Usher’s Syndrome ». Dans Noninvasive Assessment of the Visual System. Washington, D.C. : Optica Publishing Group, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/navs.1991.mc1.

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Sensitivity to sinusoidal temporal modulation (flicker sensitivity) for a uniform stimulus field is proving to be a useful technique for application to ophthalmological diagnosis. Flicker sensitivity has been shown in a variety of diseases to provide earlier detection than previously available tests;1,2 to measure a reversible component of the visual susceptibility to disease;3 to provide differential diagnosis among conditions which are similar according to other tests;4 to characterize the nature of the sensory deficit;4,5 and to provide information as to which retinal mechanisms are affected by the disease.4-6

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Castro-Camus, Enrique, Miguel Palomar et Alejandra A. Covarrubias. « Hydration dynamics of Arabidopsis thaliana under water deficit conditions monitored in-vivo by THz spectroscopy ». Dans Optical Sensors. Washington, D.C. : OSA, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/sensors.2012.sw4c.5.

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Jost, Céline, Brigitte Le Pévédic et Gérard Uzan. « Using Multisensory Technologies to Stimulate People : a Reflexive Paper on Scenagrams ». Dans Proceedings of the Workshop on Multisensory Experiences. Brazilian Computing Society, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5753/sensoryx.2021.15686.

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This paper aims at discussing the interest to use multisensory technologies for humans cognition training. First it introduces multisensory interactions making a focus on advancement in two fields: Human-Computer Interaction and mulsemedia. Second, it presents two different multisensory systems resulting from Robadom and StimSense projects that could be adapted for the community. Then, this paper defines the concept of scenagram and gives its application scopes, boundaries and use cases, offering a first classification of this new concept.

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Islam, Nazmul. « Bi-Directional AC Electroosmosis Micropump for Medical Applications ». Dans ASME 2010 First Global Congress on NanoEngineering for Medicine and Biology. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/nemb2010-13346.

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The design, fabrication and control unit of a novel medical implant silicon micropump based on AC electroosmosis is presented in this research. The advent of microfabrication and integrated miniature pumps has applications on devices like implantable glucose sensors. These micropumps find their greatest applications in biomedical devices requiring the transport of small, accurately measured liquid quantities. Such types of micropumps can be programmed to administer insulin at a constant rate throughout the day, thus eliminating any surges or deficits of the drug in the patient’s bloodstream [1]. These micropumps can also be integrated with the lab-on-a-chip and can provide inexpensive, disposable devices. The strict performance requirements of medical devices call out for highly reliable micropump designs. To demonstrate the fluid manipulation in glucose sensor applications, an optimized and well-controlled biased AC electroosmotic micropump is developed using symmetrical electrode array. Experimental results also show that this kind of miniature pump has potential applications in portable infusion/suction systems.

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Riggio, Roberto, Daniele Miorandi et Imrich Chlamtac. « Airtime Deficit Round Robin (ADRR) packet scheduling algorithm ». Dans 2008 5th IEEE International Conference on Mobile Ad Hoc and Sensor Systems (MASS). IEEE, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/mahss.2008.4660101.

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Yager, Dean, et Bettina L. Beard. « Psychophysical Performance as a Function of Age : There Really Is a Contrast Sensitivity Deficit in the Elderly ! » Dans Noninvasive Assessment of the Visual System. Washington, D.C. : Optica Publishing Group, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/navs.1991.md1.

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One of the uses of psychophysics is to learn something about the physiology of a sensory system through the behavioral responses of an observer to carefully-controlled stimuli and through the application of defined linking hypotheses. Problems of interpretation arise when there may be multiple sources of variation in the responses. Differences in visual thresholds at different ages might be the result of differences in performance as psychophysical observers, and not due to changes in the visual system itself. There also may be a change in the variability of the sensory response (intrinsic noise) while sensitivity remains constant. The particular psychophysical method used may also be critical for the interpretation of results; in particular, does the measurement depend on the subject's own criterion?

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Brown, Angela M. « Contrast sensitivity and contrast discrimination in human infants ». Dans OSA Annual Meeting. Washington, D.C. : Optica Publishing Group, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/oam.1990.tus3.

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Poor contrast sensitivity is probably responsible for the poor color vision of infants. But, why is their contrast sensitivity poor? Is the deficit sensory, or is it due to perceptual and cognitive immaturities? Or, is it a methodological artifact?

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Rapports d'organisations sur le sujet "SENSORY DEFICTS"

Gow, Alexander, et Betty Diamond. Developing a Mouse Model of Sensory and Cognitive Deficits for Multiple Sclerosis. Fort Belvoir, VA : Defense Technical Information Center, juillet 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada581496.

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Gow, Alexander. Developing a Mouse Model of Sensory and Cognitive Deficits for Multiple Sclerosis. Fort Belvoir, VA : Defense Technical Information Center, juillet 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada592125.

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O’Brien, Tom, Deanna Matsumoto, Diana Sanchez, Caitlin Mace, Elizabeth Warren, Eleni Hala et Tyler Reeb. Southern California Regional Workforce Development Needs Assessment for the Transportation and Supply Chain Industry Sectors. Mineta Transportation Institute, octobre 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.31979/mti.2020.1921.

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COVID-19 brought the public’s attention to the critical value of transportation and supply chain workers as lifelines to access food and other supplies. This report examines essential job skills required of the middle-skill workforce (workers with more than a high school degree, but less than a four-year college degree). Many of these middle-skill transportation and supply chain jobs are what the Federal Reserve Bank defines as “opportunity occupations” -- jobs that pay above median wages and can be accessible to those without a four-year college degree. This report lays out the complex landscape of selected technological disruptions of the supply chain to understand the new workforce needs of these middle-skill workers, followed by competencies identified by industry. With workplace social distancing policies, logistics organizations now rely heavily on data management and analysis for their operations. All rungs of employees, including warehouse workers and truck drivers, require digital skills to use mobile devices, sensors, and dashboards, among other applications. Workforce training requires a focus on data, problem solving, connectivity, and collaboration. Industry partners identified key workforce competencies required in digital literacy, data management, front/back office jobs, and in operations and maintenance. Education and training providers identified strategies to effectively develop workforce development programs. This report concludes with an exploration of the role of Institutes of Higher Education in delivering effective workforce education and training programs that reimagine how to frame programs to be customizable, easily accessible, and relevant.

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Raymond, Kara, Laura Palacios, Cheryl McIntyre et Evan Gwilliam. Status of climate and water resources at Chiricahua National Monument, Coronado National Memorial, and Fort Bowie National Historic Site : Water year 2019. National Park Service, mai 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.36967/nrr-2293370.

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Climate and hydrology are major drivers of ecosystems. They dramatically shape ecosystem structure and function, particularly in arid and semi-arid ecosystems. Understanding changes in climate, groundwater, and water quality and quantity is central to assessing the condition of park biota and key cultural resources. The Sonoran Desert Network collects data on climate, groundwater, and surface water at 11 National Park Service units in southern Arizona and New Mexico. This report provides an integrated look at climate, groundwater, and springs conditions at Chiricahua National Monument (NM), Coronado National Memorial (NMem), and Fort Bowie National Historic Site (NHS) during water year (WY) 2019 (October 2018–September 2019). Overall annual precipitation at Chiricahua NM and Coronado NMem in WY2019 was approximately the same as the normals for 1981–2010. (The weather station at Fort Bowie NHS had missing values on 275 days, so data were not presented for that park.) Fall and winter rains were greater than normal. The monsoon season was generally weaker than normal, but storm events related to Hurricane Lorena led to increased late-season rain in September. Mean monthly maximum temperatures were generally cooler than normal at Chiricahua, whereas mean monthly minimum temperatures were warmer than normal. Temperatures at Coronado were more variable relative to normal. The reconnaissance drought index (RDI) indicated that Chiricahua NM was slightly wetter than normal. (The WY2019 RDI could not be calculated for Coronado NMem due to missing data.) The five-year moving mean of annual precipitation showed both park units were experiencing a minor multi-year precipitation deficit relative to the 39-year average. Mean groundwater levels in WY2019 increased at Fort Bowie NHS, and at two of three wells monitored at Chiricahua NM, compared to WY2018. Levels in the third well at Chiricahua slightly decreased. By contrast, water levels declined in five of six wells at Coronado NMem over the same period, with the sixth well showing a slight increase over WY2018. Over the monitoring record (2007–present), groundwater levels at Chiricahua have been fairly stable, with seasonal variability likely caused by transpiration losses and recharge from runoff events in Bonita Creek. At Fort Bowie’s WSW-2, mean groundwater level was also relatively stable from 2004 to 2019, excluding temporary drops due to routine pumping. At Coronado, four of the six wells demonstrated increases (+0.30 to 11.65 ft) in water level compared to the earliest available measurements. Only WSW-2 and Baumkirchner #3 have shown net declines (-17.31 and -3.80 feet, respectively) at that park. Springs were monitored at nine sites in WY2019 (four sites at Chiricahua NM; three at Coronado NMem, and two at Fort Bowie NHS). Most springs had relatively few indications of anthropogenic or natural disturbance. Anthropogenic disturbance included modifications to flow, such as dams, berms, or spring boxes. Examples of natural disturbance included game trails, scat, or evidence of flooding. Crews observed 0–6 facultative/obligate wetland plant taxa and 0–3 invasive non-native species at each spring. Across the springs, crews observed six non-native plant species: common mullein (Verbascum thapsus), spiny sowthistle (Sonchus asper), common sowthistle (Sonchus oleraceus), Lehmann lovegrass (Eragrostis lehmanniana), rabbitsfoot grass (Polypogon monspeliensis), and red brome (Bromus rubens). Baseline data on water quality and water chemistry were collected at all nine sites. It is likely that that all nine springs had surface water for at least some part of WY2019, though temperature sensors failed at two sites. The seven sites with continuous sensor data had water present for most of the year. Discharge was measured at eight sites and ranged from < 1 L/minute to 16.5 L/minute.

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